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D 
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Reli*  avec  d'autres  documents 

right  binding  may  causa  shadows  or  distortion 
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La  re  liure  serr^e  peut  causer  de  I'ombre  ou  de  la 
distorsion  le  long  de  la  marge  intdrieure 

Blank  leaves  added  during  restoration  may 
appear  within  the  text.  Whenever  possible,  these 
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mais,  lorsque  cela  itait  posiiiblo,  ces  pages  n'ont 
pas  iti  filmies. 


L'Institut  a  microfilm^  le  meilleur  exemplaire 
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Th«  copy  fiimad  h«r«  ha*  b««n  raproducad  thanka 
to  tha  ganaroaity  of: 

Library 
Agriculture  Canada 

Tha  imagaa  appaaring  hara  ara  tha  baat  quality 
poaaibia  eonaidaring  tha  condition  and  lagibiiity 
of  tha  original  copy  and  in  Icaaping  with  tha 
filming  contract  apacif icationa. 


Original  copiaa  in  printad  papar  covara  ara  fllmad 
baginning  with  tha  front  covar  and  anding  on 
tha  laat  paga  with  a  printad  or  ilPuatratad  in^p.-va- 
aion,  or  tha  bacic  covar  whan  appropriata.  All 
othar  original  copiaa  ara  fllmad  baginning  on  tha 
firat  paga  with  a  printad  or  illuatratad  impraa- 
aion.  and  anding  on  tha  laat  paga  with  a  printad 
or  illuatratad  impraaaion. 


Tha  laat  racordad  frama  on  aach  microficha 
ahall  contain  tha  aymbol  -♦•I moaning  "CON- 
TINUED"), or  tha  aymbol  ▼  (maaning  "END"), 
whichavar  a.  |:4ioa. 

IVIapa,  plataa.  charta.  ate.,  may  ba  fllmad  at 
diff arant  raduction  ratlo«.  Thoaa  too  larga  to  ba 
antlraly  includad  in  ona  axpoaura  ara  fllmad 
baginning  in  tha  uppar  laft  hand  comar,  laft  to 
right  and  top  to  bonom,  aa  many  framaa  aa 
raquirad.  Tha  following  diagrama  illuatrata  tha 
mathod: 


L'axamplaira  filmA  fut  raproduit  grica  i  la 
giniroaiti  da: 

Bibliothkiue 
Agriculture  Canada 

Laa  imagaa  auivantaa  ont  4t«  raproduitaa  avac  la 
plua  grand  aoin,  compta  tanu  da  la  condition  at 
da  la  nattat*  da  l'axamplaira  film*,  at  •n 
conformit*  avac  laa  conditiona  du  contrat  da 
fllmaga. 

Laa  axamplalraa  originaux  6ont  la  couvartura  an 
papiar  aat  Imprimte  sont  fllmia  an  comman^nt 
par  la  pramisr  plat  at  an  tarminant  soit  par  la 
damlAra  paga  qui  comporta  una  amprainta 
d'Impraaaion  ou  d'illuatration,  soit  par  la  sacond 
plat,  salon  la  eaa.  Toua  laa  autraa  axampiairaa 
originaux  sont  flir^te  an  commandant  par  la 
pramlAra  paga  qui  comporta  una  amprainta 
dlmpraaaion  ou  d'illuatration  at  an  tarminant  par 
la  darniAra  paga  qui  comporta  una  taila 
amprainta. 

Un  daa  symbolaa  suhranta  apparaitra  sur  la 
damlAro  ^maga  da  chaqua  microficha,  salon  la 
eaa:  la  aymbola  ^e*  signifia  "A  SUIVRE".  la 
symbola  V  signifia  "FIN". 

Laa  cartaa.  planchaa.  tabiaaux,  ate,  pauvant  itrm 
filmte  i  daa  taux  da  rMuction  diffirants. 
Loraquo  la  documant  aat  trop  grand  pour  itra 
raproduit  an  un  aaul  ciichA.  il  aat  film*  *  partir 
da  I'angl*  aupAriaur  gaucha,  da  gaucha  i  droita. 
at  da  haut  an  baa,  an  pranant  la  nombra 
d'Imagaa  n*caaaaira.  Laa  diagrammaa  suivanta 
llluatrant  la  m*thoda. 


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SHORT-HORN  GATTLE 


A    SFKIKS   OK 


Historical  Sketches,  Memoirs  and  . 

Records 


np   THE 


Brei.;d  ,\nd  its  Development 


IN    THE 


i^NITFD  ST.\TH>  .^M)  can. 


ADA. 


Hv  ALVIN  H.SANDERS 
''Ta..if  ;„g  Editor  r.f  ■•  The  Breeder's'  Gazette.- 


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CHICAGO  : 
1  ANDERS    PUHLISHING   Co. 

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SHORT-HORN  CATTLE 


A    SERIES   OF 


Historical  Sketches,  Memoirs  and 

Records 


OF   THE 


Breed  and  its  Development 


IN   THK 


UNITED  STATES  AND  CANADA. 


By  ALVIN  H.  SANDERS 
Managing  Editor  of  "  The  Breeder's'  Gazette." 


CHICAGO  : 

Sanders  Publishing  Co. 
1900. 


tiopyright,  10()0. 

«V  ALVIX  a  SANDKUS 

All  rifihts  roscrvod 


he..  The/wore  r,:ai::r:  r° '""' """'  ^'"'^^ 

■nodolors,  pMtems  and      "' "' "'■°' *ese  great  ones;  the 

--•  .he  Joe™;r :;::::::,:-»;;---, «"-- 

:/'/<omr,.s  Ca,%k  °  °''  ^  attain."- 


TABLE    OF    CONTENTS. 


Some  Sbort-horn  shrines  -A  fu         • 

In  cattle-Krowlnj?  -  mrn,r,i     ^^^^  ^  ^°^  '  '^'"'iss  a  prime  factor 

0-24 

CHAPTER  II-DEVELOPMENT  OP  THE  IMPROVED  TYPE 

tlful  Lady  MaynL--T^,TufKumT^^^^ 
breedinK--Favorite(2.5-.)anL    aorT       ^^°^^'''°''«  ""'I  1°- 
O^"  -  "  The  White  £iferTUaSra^l"::^^  ""''^  ~  "  ^^«  ^"'•^'^'^ 
-As  to  Robert  CoIlln/i^T^  IZ  f      T,^""" ''"^"^y  "  ^lood 
Disperslon-The  Barmpton^aJef    Pr        ?°^ " " The  Ketton 

logs ^°° ''*'^*'- Pre-eminence  of  the  Coll- 

25-54 

CHAPTEB  lU-FOUNDATIONS  OF  THE  BOOTH  HEKDS 

The  elder  Booth -The  Fa.Vh^t  ^v^-i«  Hi!.RDS. 

x^wum     ine  J<airholme  exnerimpnt     c„~.    . 
slres-The  Halnaby  or  StrawbPrrT?!f  ~      ™^  ^°"°'^''"o° 

Richard  Booth  at  Studley-ThlSn       'r''^*^  ^'•'*'=«^^^^- 
lerby ^      ^^'^  ^'^^^e^a^- John  Booth  at  Kll- 

55-<J7 
CHAPTER  IV-THOMAS  BATES  A.B  THE  DUCHESSES 

"urtuLirdrrpe^r^rj'^^'  ''^^^ -  ^he 

arstusedon  the  Duchesses -Fror^'^:'  ''"''  ^^^^'^Itor  -  Bulls 

movaltoKlrklevington-Lveremro?.?p?^^^~««- 
-- The  cross  of  Whitaker 's N^tT-T^eMni^ ^"^'''^''  ^^"^'^ 
Oxfords-A  show  .yard  disaDDolnWnf  mu  °*'^°'*'°^^°^  t^e 
'839 -Prizes  at  cLMa^e~l'^T^,^''?^^^'''^^^y'^^ot 

Duke  of  Northumberland  (1940)  l,^n  ^  ""^'^  **^«  ^°°*b«- 
igrees  -The  Waterloo"- WiTd'E^sTrrr  V'''''''''^  ^'''• 
(Red)  Roses-Poggathorprfamll7-Blanoh'~^'l'  Cambridge 
sort  -  The  Secrets  -  So-called  Rpf  n  ?       ?   °''  ^°''°  Duchess 

unce  in  8how-yard-D?sS  sion  o  \t^^^^^^ 

ess  female. -i„,,,,,,,,Srt",:;S:heTat7le'"*^''°"°""'^- 

(5)  ^l'» 


VI 


TAHKK    OF    COXTKNTS. 


CHAPTEIt  V-PALMY  DAYS  AT  KILLKliHY  A\n   WAR- 

LABY 

«ruceletandNeckluci..-n„cki„»,hiim--.K,hn  Uooth's  sn\v  VVar- 
uby  .i,u  Its  show-yunl  \v..n.a.r,s-F.ilti.,  iloj.^.  unil  Churltv- 
Crown  Prl„eo  (10i»*7> -IsalK.lhi  Uuckii.Khum  ..n.l  other  celol.- 
rltles  1\w  Ulossotn.s  ami  VVIncN„r  ( loi:))  UrMv.  Hrld.-s- 
mui<lund«rkk.KU.,.|,  Th..„„„rt..t,tc.,f -Qn.Tns  "-Vivandirro. 
Campf.Mlowor  an.l  Soldiers  Ilrlde  Douth  ..f  Uiehunl  Uo.,th 
Tho  Booth  method  of  brccdlnir li:ii» 

CHAPTER  VI-OTIIEK  EMINENT  ENGLISH  BREj:DEliS. 

Lord  Althorpe  (Earl  Spencer)  Jorms  Whit.iUer  Wethorell  the 
-Nestor"  of  the  trade  Wiley  of  DrandsDy  The  Knkhtlev 
'•Flllpalls-    -Fawkes  of  Farrley  l,u„      William  l^rr     'S 


lonjf  roll  of  honor. 


11!- 163 


CHAPTER  VH-FmST  IMPORTATIONS  TO  AMERICA. 

Charucter  of  the  Oough  &  Miller  cattle-  -  Kentucky  and  the  Patton 
.stock     An  early  New  Y.uk  importation     The  Vox  importation 
Ihe  first  pedigreed  bulls    -The  "Seventeens "  -Ma.s.sachu- 
setts  importations     Early  New  York  importations -Col  Pow- 
ers purchases     Ancestress  of  the  Louans-  -  Walter  Duns  im- 


portations. 


161-188 


CHAPTER  Vni-DEVELOPMENT  OF  OHIO  VALLEY 

HERDS 

Fcedlnt?  for  seaboard  markets  Ohio  ImportlnK  Company  -Felix 
Renick  and  confreres  in  England  Whltakcr's  selections  of 
lat.-,  and  IHHO  Sale  of  Oct. -!),lKi(i- Final  sale  in  IK'lT-Tho.s 
Bates  to  Felix  Renick  Mr.  Clay's  Importations  to  Kentucky  -"• 
Dr.  Martin's  Importation  of  isno  R.  Hutchcraft's  importation 
Fayette  County  Importintj  Co.  -  Importations  into  Tennessee 
William  Neff's  importation  -  Walt  and  other  importations  - 
First  Bates  bull  for  Kentucky.    .. ISO-'^I 

CHAPTER  IX~EASTERN  IMPORTATIONS-1830  to   1850. 
New  York  importations  -  Vall's  purcha.ses  of  Bates  cattle  ^  Whit- 
aker's  shipments  to  America     Introduction  of  Princess  blood 
-    Miscellaneous  importations 2-'.t->37 

CHAPTER  X-SECOND  PERIOD  OF  ACTIVITY  IN 

AMERICA. 

The  first  "Duke  "for  America  Morris  and  Becar  The  Earl  Ducle 
sale  in  England -Thorndale  and  the  Duches.ses- Revival  of  in- 
terest in  the  West     Scioto  Valley  Importing  Co.  -  Madison  Ca 


TABLE   OF   CONTENTH. 


VH 


n-  A.  Alexander  of  wtoa,^;,.r'"''r  ^"*''»'  «»•  <0.>  Co  ■ 
xnents  to  Woo.lburn  f.  "r"  /"'^  T'"  '^"'"^^''lucnt  «hlp. 
Mason  ana  Bnitkon  /KVnf.,  i    .   ,"*'""   &  SeuwrlKht  (O.) 

H.  Wendell  (New  York)  T  o  *uh  "m '""  <^"^  ^•"••^)  l^r. 
Nichols  (Louisiana)  First'  iI^'^h""  ^""'^  ^"'•'^^  «•  ^^ 
early  importation  to  Wisconsin        hn':''  *"'"  """"'"*     An 

CHAPTEU  X.-SOMi.;   HISTOUIC  KENTOCKV  .STOCK ' 

rjL?",T""';.";'P"'<.''-"^"*'«-™- 


Abram  Renlck  and  Alrdrlo 


Alrdrle  a  bull- breeder  -  In- 


■378 


the  show-yard     Wm  n  n,„       '^'"''"'"'In  tort"     Activity  In 
Baron  Booth  „,'Lr.,»r''r ''"':.  "'",    ''"•    "">»t™ 

"Bo^l-f'^T  -^'"-™^   =«™   °^  A    "BOOM.. 

Mills     Sensational  transfer  of  the  Sh  ?f  ^\'"''  ^"^  ^^'''^ 
bulls  in  demand     The  McMillan -'       -  '        berd-"Duke- 
The  Lyndale  show  herf-Ty  oon  ^m     t  ^''"'^  «•  ^»°^ 
Louis     w.  K.  Duncan's  sale     The  h'i~"f°''''  ^'"^^--y  "^^  St 
nalism.    ..         ..    '"*° '"'^^''    ^^^  ^«^'i°nlng  of  live-stock  jour- 

weat  trade  of  187^  Sn  hV"**^^  P'*'^^'*  *•»  Illinois-  The 
6th  H\.o,,_TheLt  Nation  i^'^'''''''  '°^**^'*°^  Loudon  Duke 
vuiim.  ••fashion!"  deveC?  mention -Opposition  to  pre- 

•       ^18-433 


-| r-TlT— « IT  T- 


VIU 


TABLE   OF    CONTENTS. 


CHAPTER  XV-THE    SENSATION  OF  SEVErTTY-THREE. 

Spring  sales  of  1873  — Dunmore's  big  deal  -  Summer  sales  — New 
York  Mills  dispersion  -  Kello's  mistake  —  Sources  of  deteriora- 
tion—4tli  Duke  of  Geneva— English  sales  of  1878 434-458 

CHAPTER  XVI-A  GOLDEN  AGE. 

Spring  sales  of  1 874  —  Lyndale  sale  at  Dexter  Park  —  Other  Western 
events  —  Kentucky  summer  sales  —  Closing  events  of  1874  —  The 
sales  of  1875  —  Glen  Flora  dispersion  -  Kissinger's  sale  Elliott 
&  Kent  — Spears  and  the  Nelly  Blys  -  Pickrell's  great  sale  — 
Jacobs'  sale  at  West  Liberty-  Dexter  Park  auctions— The 
Avery  &  Murphy  sale  — Long  prices  at  Meredith's  — Alrdrie 
Duchesses  at  $18,000  each  —  Big  sales  in  the  Blue  Grass  —  Push- 
ing the  Princesses  —  The  Trans-Mis':- ssippi  trade -$3,500  fot  a 
Scotch  heifer  —  Groom  importationf  md  sale  —  Other  importa  at 
transactions  —  All  records  broken  at  Dunmore  — Torr'sTrlur-ph 
—  Additional  Importations  — Another  Renick  exportation  — 
North  El.  iiorn  (Ky.)  importation  —  Closing  events  of  1875.    . .    459-509 

CHAPTER  XVII-THE  TURN  OF  THE  TIDE. 

Hon.  George  Brown  and  Bow  Park  —  4th  Duke  of  Clarence  —  Opening 
sales  of  1876  — Potts  buys  imp.  Duke  of  Richmond  — Col.  Hol- 
loway's  big  average  —  Albert  Crane  pays  $23,600  for  an  Alrdrie 
Duchess -$17,900  for  14th  Duke  of  Thorndale  —  Closing  events 
of  1876  -  Pickrell  &  Kissenger  -Spring  sales  of  1£V7  — Cochrane 
at  Windermere  — Sale sum'^ary  for  1877  -A falling  market- 
Top  prices  in  England  for  1878  — Dark  days  of  1879  — The  rally 
of  1880—  The  Valle  and  Rumsey  importations  -  Sales  of  1881  —  A 
new  era  at  aand  — Injudicious  breeding  Evils  of  speculation 
— The  spur  of  opposition  — Scotch  cattle  to  the  fore.    ..  510-548 

CHAPTER  XVni-SCOTLAND'S  SEARCHING  TEST. 

'Caledonia  ste;n  and  wild"— Science,  "roots"  and  Short-horns  — 
Feed- lot  considerations  paramount-  Crossing  the  border  — 
Robertson  of  Ladykirk  —  Rennie  of  Phantass'e  — Barclay  of 
Ury  — Hutcheson  of  Monyruy  — Grant  Dun  of  Eden  — Brawith 
Bud — Simpson  and  Buchan  Hero  —  Hay  of  Shet!iin 549-575 

CHAPTER  XIX-AMOS  CRUICKSHANK  OF  SITTYTON. 

A  new  •  ype  sought— The  brothers  Cruickshank- The  farm  at  Sit- 
ty toii  —  General  plan  pursued  —  The  flrat  of  the  Violets  —  Venus 
tribe  —  The  family  of  Mimulus  -  Picotee  and  her  progeny — The 
Matchless  sort  — The  Broadhooks  —  Origin  of  the  Lady  tribe  — 
The  Nonpareils  — Sittyton  Butterfiys— Orange  Blossoms  — Ad- 
mah,  Kilmeny  3d,  and  Eliza  by  Brutus— Clipper  tribe— The 


TABLE    OP   CONTENTS. 


IX 


^^i'^'-TiT::::T.e^^^^^^  or 

ders -First  Sittyton  bulls  -  Fair.!  o^'''^^-^^^  ^aven- 
(9~'28).  Report  (iJr04)  anc  Vefvet  L??^'  (6987) -Hudson 
(11800)  -  Planta^enet !,  .m)  -Sictor  Buck  nir"'  -Matadore 
Baron  (i;i833)-Lord  BathursTnli7^r^^^^'^^^^*^''>--'^^^ 
(HJ18)-John  Bull   (n6l8)-Lri     r  '  ^""^'^ySd 

«0947)  -Lancaster  Comet  ^6^0^  ^'^-^^^-TJ^^  Czar 
(17523)-mndsorAugusrusnoi57>  ;;^rP*°''  of  England 
Seal  (,6444)  -.>i„ee  liS  So;  ~m.  ('^«««>  -Lord  Privy 
centration  of  the  ChamnT^  of  J^  \~  °'^^'' ""^^''^^  ^""s  -  Con- 
and  Pride  of  t^eiSe^^cZl^T^''^  ""'"'^  ~  Scotlana^s  Pride 

ter-Koan  aauntle:iBXr-!r.Ur  ""'^^"^^-V^ 

••        ■•        5(6-644 

CHAPTER  XX-OTHER   NORTH  COUNTRY  HERDS 

-  Booth  cross  disappoint!?    M."      T  ~  ^''''^  ^^^^^^^^  «i^es 

-  -  '^heMissies-TheSce'^r^vn';      ^r'''""' ^ "^^^ Maudes 
Roan  or  Red  Ladys -VhrsSl^    '^Z  ^''' ^'"^^"•^^^ 

The  Goldies  -  Sit'tyton  fori!!  Jar^  J^^i^  ""'''''  "  ^^^^  Emmas  - 
Of  Englishman  (24122y~Cher^^!^l^ ,1^^  ^'  Uppermill  -  Heir 

-  William  of  OrLge  .50^4,  _  LatS  sSv^  ~  ^^'^"^^''^  ''''''> 
~  Lethenty  -  Collynle       . .         .      Sittyton  sires  at  Uppermill 

•       645-670 
CHAPTER  XXI-RISE  OP  COOTCH  POWER  IN  AMERICA 

Early  importations  into  Ontario  -  First  Sin..  AMERICA. 

-The  Athelstane  blood  Cruickl^!l?^*°° ''''"^^  *°  °^°a<ia 
Violet's  Forth  -  The  oSdenn!^^  '^^"^^  ^*  *^e  shows - 
tations-john  Mnier^sT  .  'T  ' ^''°'°P'°'^'«  "^^^^^ '""P^^^ 
Hon.  JohnDrydeT  Irth  '  Tnf  r'"'-*^""^"^  I-  Davidson- 
importations -The  ites'mnJ^fJif^V '''''''""°«°"^ 
Of  Kelvin  Grove  Lo^^rZ^T^''^''''''^^'''''-  Milne 
success  at  the  shows     S?l°i!"*'^^'  ^^^Portation  -  Scotch 

Fanny  Airdrie-niS-i^^redeHc™^^ 

A  line  of  Cruickshank  sires     Tw«n.''°'  ^"^  "  '^^  *^'°s  "- 

The  Wilhoit  ue,j°^°^^*'^«^- Twenty  years  in  the  show-yard- 

Pickroll,  Thomas  &  sS-KenS'""^  ''°-  °'  '^-S^'^  «' 
Sale  Of  the  Holford  Duchesse?  t.  ';,'™'°''  sales  of  ,883- 
Harris  of  Llnwood  -  Success  of~R?    H^f^"tons-Col.  W.  A. 

Golden  Drops-Baron  Cnder^dlmnr ''-''''  ^*°"°°^ 

avcuuer  ^d-lmp.  Craven  Knight -A 


TABLE   OF   CONTENTS. 


search  for  sires -Princess  Alice  -  Lin  wood's  salutary  influence 
—  J.  J.  Hill  of  Nprth  Oaks  — Hope's  show  herds  of  1887  and  1889 
-Luther  Adams'  importations-  The  shipment  of  1887 -Cup- 
bearer bought -West  Liberty  sale-The  memorable  purchase 
of  1887 -Lakeside's  show  herd  of  1888  Third  and  last  lot- 
Last  successful  Duchess  sale  Sale  of  the  Sittyton  herd -The 
Cruickshank  cows  at  Collynie  Ficid  Marshal  and  Mario - 
Scottish  Archer  and  Count  Lavender  -  Argentine  and  the  sham- 
bles-Summary of  Sittyton  sales  -  Moberley  and  Young  Ab- 
bottsburn  -  Mary  Abbottsbum  7th-Forest  Grove  sale-Wood- 
burn  dispersion -Columbian  Exposition  awards  -  Recent  im 
portations  — Herd-book  consolidation 


71:.'-799 


CHAPTER  XXni-A  DUAL-PUEPOSE  BREED. 


Universal    adaptability  -  Feed-lot    favorites  -"Prime  Scots  "- 
Smithfleld  Club  -  American  Fat-StockShow  -On  the  range - 
Dairy  capacity  -  State  fair  tests -The  Columbian  records - 
The  Wisconsin  experiment  —  Official  records  in  Iowa  — Fig- 
ures from  New  York  —  Polled  Durha,ms      800-838 

CHAPTER  XXIV-THE  LAMP  OF  EXPERIENCE. 
What  constitutes  success?  — Inbreeding— Herd-book  registration 
—  Color  — Handling  quality  — Constitution,  character  and  con- 
formation—Primary points  in  management— Does  showing 
pay?  — Selling  the  surplus  —  About  animal  portraiture— Tribal 
designation  —  Dignity  of  the  breeder's  calling  —  The  future.  . .  839-872 


LIST  OF  ILLUSTRATIONS. 


KettonHall.  •• 

Thomas  Booth. 
Thomas  Bates. 

Duchess  BY  Daisy  Bull  (186)    " 

KETTONlST  (709).       .. 

Belvedere  (1706). 

Cleveland  Lad  (3407). 
Norfolk  (2877). 

"Pet"  Duchess  34th  " 

Duke  op  Northumberland  (1940)     "" 
Duchess  42d  and  Duchess  43d  "         ' ' 

VVarlabt  House.  ••       •• 

Necklace.       . .  " "        ' '        •  •    ■    ■ . 

Bracelet. 
Birthday. 

ViVANDIEBE. 

Commander-in-Chiee  (21451, 

Lady  Fragrant, 

At  the  Gates  op  Woodburn"        " '        " " 
Felix  Renick. 
^  VPT.  James  N.  Brown!  " 
■   <3tEN.  Sol  Meredith. 
Thomas  Wilhoit. 
Abram  Renick. 

B.  F.  Vanmeter.  ■  ■ 

George  M.  Bedford 

William  Warfield.     '"  "        •• 

Imp.  Duke  op  Airdrie  (12780)    " ' 

^rp^rr  ^°  ^'•^  ""--»■  ■  ■• 

Col.  Williams.  Kino."  .."..■■        '• 

(11) 


OP  Geneva.   Frontisviece. 
•  ■     facing  page    2.5 
..30 
41 
■•        ..        ..49 
55 
..     68 
74 
..74 
84 
..     90 
90 
..     96 
..        101 
.108 
117 
..120 
120 
..126 
136 
.187 
142 
..238 
277 
..277 
277 
..  277 
287 
..  287 
287 
..  287 
301 
..  822 
833 
..  333 


Xll 


LIST   OF   ILLUSTRATIONS. 


J.  H.  Kissinger.  

J.  H.  Speaks.  

Bauon  Booth  of  Lancaster  7535. 
Col.  William  S.  King's  Prize  Herd. 

Simon  Beattie 

Richard  Gibson 

John  R.  Page 

John  Thornton 

14th  Duke  op  Thobndale  (38459). 

4th  Duke  op  Geneva  (30958) 

George  W.  Rust 

Hon.  T.  C.  Jones 

Col.  James  W.  Judt 

Lewis  F.  Allen 

William  Torr 

T.  C.  Booth.  

Highland  Flower.      

10th  Duchess  op  Airdrie 

Imp.  Maid  op  Honor 

Hon.  H.  M.  Cochbane's  Sale. 

Amos  Cruickshank 

Sitttton  House 

J.  H.  Potts  &  Son's  Show  Herd. 

Young  Abbottsbubn  110679 

Col.  W.  A.  Harris.        

T.  S.  Moberley. 
William  Miller. 

J.  H.  Potts 

Royal  Hero  113611. 
James  I.  Davidson. 

John  Drydbn 

Hon.  M.  H.  Cochrane. 
John  Hope. 
William  Duthie.     . . 
J.  Deane  Willis. 
S.  Campbell. 

W.  S.  Marr 

New  Year's  GiPT  (57796) 

Field  Marshal  (47870) 

Elvira  op  Browndale  3d  and  Calf. 

St.  Valentine  131014 

Imp.  Baron  Cruickshank  106897. 


833 
338 
369 
409 
434 
434 
434 
434 
459 
459 
467 
467 
467 
467 
497 
497 
503 
510 
510 
537 
576 
644 
671 
713 
737 

.  787 
787 

.  787 
743 

.  748 
748 

.  748 
748 

.  758 
753 

.  753 
753 

.  759 
ITi 

.  793 
795 

.  795 


LIST  OF   ILLUSTRATIONS. 


RUBBBTA  AND  RoSB  O'GbaDT. 

Wild  Quben  2d 

Whiskbrs 

John  D.  Gillett. 

DowAGBB  8d.  , , 

MOLLT  MlLLlOBNT 

Jbwel  2d 

Kitty  Clay  4th. 

schoolbb 

College  Moobb. 
College  Belle  2d. 
Miss  Belladbtjm  6th. 
Bapton  Peabl.  . .     •  . . 

Cicely 

Bbeed  Types  shown  by  Photogbapey 
Show  Hbbd  of  Gbobqb  Habbison. 


XIH 

798 

.800 

800 

.  800 
822 

.  822 
824 

.  829 
829 
882 
882 
889 
848 
848 
858 
868 


\ 
I 

h 

s 
h 

P 

0 

ti 


CHAPTER    I, 

THE  OLD  SHORT-HORN  COUNTRY  AND 

ITS  CATTLE. 

a  vehicle  that  emev^JfroZZ^'''.''^^'  '» 

the  con.fo..table  littlfcit^orDt  i  "r  Fnf 
land-once  the  Short-horn  canity?       +'    T 

rr:Sh-e?rr^-^^^^^^^^ 

breed  thlt  formsthe  Sett  ^'Z  "°''''  '''' 
pastoral   panoram^  Whe^'t^^'Ph?'*?  1 

peaceful  vanl;  o7tLTvrrl'2r  "/''^ 
ons  territory  in  York  and  ni-f  '"'i<'ont'ga- 
tral  home  of  the  breed  "'  *'''  ^"''«^- 

Some  Short-horn  shrinAs      ti« 
«-sy  lanes  of  Hnnvtr^er^^e^l*;? 

(9) 


10 


A  HISTORY  OF  SHORT-HORN  CATTLE. 


Hubback  grazed;  there  the  farms  once  occu- 
pied by  Charles  and  Robert  Colling;  yonder 
Yarm  with  its  quaint  old  market-place  and 
Black  Bull  Inn.    This  cluster  of  cottages,  nest- 
ling amidst   sheltering  vines   and    flowering 
laburnums,  holds  the  unpretentious  roof   of 
Thomas  Bates,  and  marks  also  the  historic 
little  church-yard  of  Kirklevington  with  the 
tomb  of  the  man  to  whom  Short-horn  history 
is  primarily  indebted  for  the  most  dramatic 
event  ever  registered  in  the  annals  of  agricul- 
ture.*   We  try  to  recall  the  figure  of  the  keen 
old  bachelor,  but  we  seek  in  vain  through  the 
now-deserted  fields  for  Belvedere,  the  Duke  of 
Northumberland  or  Duchess  34th.    That  typi- 
cal English  hamlet  of  ye  olden  time— Great 
Smeaton— shows  the  house  where  Coates,  the 
father  of  Short-horn  pedigree  records,  com- 
piled his  earliest  notes.    Away  over  the  hills 
is  Eryholme,  with  itd  memories  of  "the  beau- 
tiful Lady  Maynard,"  and  nearing  the  Tees  at 
Croft  a  portrait  of  the  $5,000  Comet  still  greets 
the  eye  on  the  sign-board  of  a  wayside  inn; 
while  over  the  way  is  Stapleton,  the  farm' 
where  the  famous  old  bull  was  buried. 

Passing  from  the  train  at  Northallerton  and 
mounting  a  trap  in  waiting  we  are  soon  on  a 
perfect  English  roadway  bound  for  one  of  the 

•  The  international  contest  for  the  posaesalon  of  the  Bates  Duchesses  at 
New  York  Mills  In  1873.  when  198  head  of  Short-horn  catUe  soS  for  the 
astonishing  total  of  1380,490. 


THE   OLD  SHORT-HORN  OODRTRT.  H 

most  celebrated  seats  of  Short-horn  power 

knees  in  rillT!  ^^^"  ^^'"^'  "P  *<>  their 

g.sh    rt,,,,,t-;Lste'E^^^^^^^^^ 

slndt^^f  ft   .r'V^  *'>'°"«'^  '^  velvety  lawn 

o^Booth  ^"^^ '''•''"'  '"  ^^"'■^'J  *°  tl^^  house 
o   ,  ,°™-    There  is  a  word  to  ooniurp  with  r 

Redolen     with   its    recollections   of    Crown 
Prince,  Queen  of  the  May  NectarinP  Rl^. 
Bride  Elppf  o^^  „4.i,  J^iectanne  iSlossom, 

^oia  11  this  quiet  Short-horn  home  whilp  id 
Away  in  the  bleaker  Northland  far  bevonri 
donian  cottage  hid  away  in  one  of  the  pretties! 


12 


A   HISTORY   OP  SHORT-HORN  CATTLE. 


little  gardens  fancy  can  portray.  So  cosily 
does  it  seem  ensconced  that  the  wintry  blasts 
from  the  neighboring  German  ocean  surely 
lose  a  part  of  their  hyperborean  rigor  before 
they  reach  that  quiet  fireside.  We  are  in  far- 
off  Aberdeen.  A  white-haired  octogenarian, 
Amos  Cruickshank,  there  awaited  the  peaceful 
ending  of  a  life  that  proved  eminently  useful 
to  his  fellow  men,  pure  and  elevating  in  its 
character,  and  fruitful  of  results  to  the  Short- 
horn world.  Modestly  the  Nestor  of  North 
Country  cattle-breeding  told  us  .something  of 
his  life  and  work.  We  left  him,  the  sage  of 
Sittyton,  stiuiding  there  amidst  the  greenery 
of  his  shrubs  and  flowers,  and  as  we  looked 
around  upon  the  fields  and  paddocks  that  once 
held  Champion  of  England,  Pride  of  the  Isles, 
Roan  Gauntlet  and  Royal  Northern,  and  High- 
land winners  by  the  score,  v/e  felt  the  spell  of 
a  wondrous  story  brooding  over  those  silent 
Scottish  "braes." 

What  have  these  men,  their  colleagues  and 
their  followers,  accomplished  ?  What  is  the  na- 
ture of  their  legacy?  Let  us  first  turn  for  par- 
tial answer  to  the  world's  greatest  exhibition 
of  live  stock  and  agricultural  products.  We 
are  under  the  medieval  walls  of  Castle  War- 
wick. The  flower  of  British  Short-horn  herds 
is  assembled  in  the  park.  The  meeting  of 
the  Royal  Agricultural  Society  of  England  is 


THE  OLD  SHORT-HORN   COUNTRY  18 

judged;  the™i"a„d  H      ""'ur  *°  ^' 

T^s;  lot*  *:h    Ih'^'-Kir  "^  n' '^  "^  *^" 
throughWarlahv.nl    .^"^'^'^'"gton,    some 

broad-flX   e„  re't,   n^f.'  '?"""  '"  '"« 
crowds  throng  abouttL      *''"   "V'^^'^-     ^he 

nated  raTe  of  do£Ste7f  .'^'^■^-''■-e'ni- 
rectly,  to  bear  T^^:^yl7A^V'''^ 
rendered  to  the  can.B  L  T  ^  ^®""'® 

builders  of  this  breed  "«'■"'""»'«  by  the 

distinJu'Sfe?fror'7i;!'!?  •''''®"'^®  ^'"■'"^'■'  »« 
^ionaf  feedS,  ^r„tS2"~  aTl  '"'"" 

not  o'fyS  ert«^"1  husbandry,  requires 
nlv  tZ  A        '     ®'""  *"''  butter  in  aood  sun 

that'  0  rht  s  tr"°"'  ^*  '^^  -- 

expected  0  rais?  a  ra»«'^  Products  are  also 
profitably  ^tinzedin^l     ^^  •^''''' *''**  "^^  ^ 

"roughness"  of  thlf'"'"'''^  ^'^^  8^^«  and 
guuess    of  the  farm;  so  that  the  males 


14 


A.   HISTORY  OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


1^ 


will  command  a  fair  price  as  yearlings  and 
two-year-olds  for  feeding  purposes  and  tho 
heifers  possess  the  requisite  size  and  quality 
fitting  them  for  retention  in  the  breeding  herd. 
Hence  the  necessity  for  a  combined  beef-and- 
milk-producing  breed  for  general  farm  pur- 
poses. 

it  is  claimed  by  those  who  support  its  con- 
tentions that  the  Short-horn  blood  produces 
*'the  farmer's  cow  "/;«/•  excellence  of  the  world. 
The  females  often  reach  in  full  flesh  1,800  lbs. 
in  weight,  occasionally  making  2,000  lbs.,  and 
with  good  farm  keep  at  maturity  should  aver- 
age say  1,400  lbs.  in  working  condition.  Aged 
bulls  in  high  flesh  occasionally  weigh  up  to 
2,800  lbs.,  but  experienced  breeders  prefer  sires 
that  average  from  2,000  lbs.  to  2,400  lbs.,  ex- 
treme weights  not  oeing  generally  favored.  In 
color  they  are  red,  roan,  red  with  white  mark- 
ings or  white.  In  Great  Britain,  the  home  of 
the  breed,  the  roans  predominate.  This  is 
indeed  the  one  distinctive  Short-horn  color, 
never  produced  except  by  the  presence  of  the 
blood  of  this  breed.  In  America  reds  iiave 
been  in  special  demand  for  some  year"-  past 
purely  as  a  matter  of  fancy,  although  the  other 
colors — save  perhaps  the  pure  whites — are  also 
seen  in  nearly  every  herd.  Good  Short-horn 
cows  sLo.^H  yield  a  fair  flow  of  milk  as  well 
as  fattf :;  <•  wbJy  when  dry.     The  steers  possess 


THE  OLD  SHORT-HORN  OOUNTRY. 


16 


smooth,  level  frames,  mature  quickly  on  the 
orduiary  foods  of  the  farm  and  are  in  great 
demand  for  feeding  purposes.  The  bulls 
cross  well  upon  cows  of  other  types,  being 
especially  valued   for  leveling  and   reflnine 

ualit"""  °^  ^^''^  '"*''''"*  ^^^'  ""*'''   ""^ 
Grass  a  prime  factor  in  cattle-growing.- 

J!.ngland,  the  home  of  the  Short-horn,  with  its 
moist,  equable  climate,  is  a  veritable  paradise 
for  herbivorous  animals.  During  those  trying 
months  when  American  pastures  lie  brown  and 
bare  under  a  fie.ce  midsummer  sun  those  of 
England  still  afford  green  feed.  Our  blue-grass 
fields  in  June  are  luxuriant  beyond  compare, 
end  in  late  autumnal  days  usually  regain  tor  a 
time  much  of  their  earlier  splendor,  but  the 
season  of  uninterrupted  grazing  in  England  is 
longer  and  the  pastures  carry  a  greater  variety 

1^\  h-^I"'^'  '^''•'"  ^'^"'  therefore,  owes 
much  of  his  fame  as  a  producer  of  the  flesh- 
beainig  breeds  to  the  persistency  of  the  island 
verdure  ,t  has  remained,  nevertheless,  for  an 

i!«i?fi7/° /T"f  "^  agricultural  literature 
with  a  fitting  tribute  to  "the  universal  benefi- 

ence  o  grass."  Not  in  the  midst  of  the  peer- 
less pastures  of  old  England,  baton  the  rolling 
prairies  of  our  own  breezy  "Sunflower  State" 
f.  Was  Senator  ngalls  found  his  inspiration. 

It  yields  no  fruit  in  earth  or  air,  yet  should  its 


^im^,--,  .w^....T,|y,q| 


itf  k 


16 


A   HISTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


harvest  fail  for  a  single  year  famine  would  de- 
populate the  world.''* 

From  time  im.memorial  it  has  been  the  mis- 
sion of  the  herd  and  flock  to  convert  this  rich 
fruitage  of  the  earth  to  the  use  of  man,  and  one 
of  the  crowning  triumphs  of  modern  agriculture 
is  found  in  the  perfection  to  which  domestic  ani- 
mals especially  adapted  to  this  end  have  been 
brought.  England  has  easily  taken  the  lead  of 
all  other  nations  in  this  fascinating  ant'  emi- 


•  Readers  of  The  Breeder's  Gazette  have  often  expressed  the  wish 
that  this  rhetorical  gem  might  be  given  permanent  setting  In  some  form. 
It  was  originally  a  part  of  a  magazine  article  written  by  Mr.  Ingalls  many 
years  ago.    The  much-admired  passage  Is  accordingly  given  a  place  here: 

"Next  in  nportance  to  the  divine  profusion  of  water,  light  and  ir, 
those  three  physical  facts  which  render  existence  possible,  may  be  reck- 
oned the  universal  beneficence  of  grass.  Lying  in  the  sunshine  among  the 
buttercups  and  dandelions  of  May,  scarcely  higher  In  intelligence  than 
those  minute  tenants  of  that  mimic  wilderness,  our  earliest  recollections 
are  of  grass;  and  when  the  fitful  fever  is  ended,  and  the  foolish  wrangle  ci 
the  market  and  the  forum  is  closed,  grass  heals  over  the  scar  which  our 
descent  into  the  bosom  of  the  earth  has  made,  and  the  carpet  of  tL  infant 
Docomes  the  blanke*  of  the  dead. 

"Grass  is  the  forgiveness  of  Nature— her  constant  benediction.  Fields 
trampled  with  battle,  saturated  with  blood,  torn  with  the  ruts  of  cannon, 
grow  green  again  with  grass,  and  carnage 's  forgotten.  Streets  abandoned 
by  traffic  become  grass-grown,  like  rural  lanes,  and  are  obliterated.  For- 
ests decay,  harvests  perish,  flowers  vanish,  but  grass  is  immortal.  Be- 
leagured  by  the  sullen  hosts  of  winter  it  withdraws  into  the  Impregnable 
fortress  of  its  subterranean  vitality  and  emerges  upon  the  solicitation  of 
spring.  Sown  by  the  winds,  by  wandering  birds,  propagated  by  the  subtle 
horticulture  of  the  elements  which  are  its  ministers  and  servants,  it 
softens  the  rude  outlines  of  the  world.  It  evades  the  solitude  of  deserts, 
Climbs  the  inaccessible  slopes  and  pinnacles  of  mouiitains,  and  modifies 
tiie  history,  character  and  destiny  of  nations.  Unol)tru8lve  and  patient,  it 
has  immortal  vigor  and  aggression.  Banished  from  the  thoroughfare  and 
fields,  it  bides  its  time  to  return,  and  waen  vigilance  is  relaxed  or  the 
dynasty  has  perished  it  silently  resumes  the  throne  from  which  it  has  been 
expelled  but  which  it  never  abdicates.  It  bears  no  blazonry  of  bloom  to 
charm  the  senses  with  fragrance  or  splendor,  but  its  homely  hue  is  more 
enchanting  than  the  lily  or  the  rose.  It  yields  no  fruit  in  earth  or  air,  yet 
should  its  harvest  fail  for  a  siuglo  year  famine  would  depopulate  the 
world." 


THE  OLD  SHORT-HORN  COUNTRY.  17 

bri'prl^J''^<''|r' P»r«»it.  '^nd  in  the  Short-horn 
breed  of  catt  e  has  given  to  the  world  a  vari- 

wfdelv^rTf'f '!,*'""  '^^^  P^l^^bly  been  more 
widely  distributed  than  any  other  known  type 

«u?no,r ,  •'"'y/'^'^^'^^''  by  reason  of  its  duaN 
of  tC  ^nrr.*'"'  ''""''  ='**«"*■«"  ^'  *he  hands 
of  Great T.  ^''"'l' ^^  '^^'ed  proprietors 
ti^Tu  ^  f "  •''"'^  '^'•«'^"''  than  any  other 
tlon  of  th  f ''"*  '"'  "  '""  "«''» "P°"  *hl  affec- 
Canad/  ,  """'''  "^  *''^  ^"'t'''^  states  and 
Canada  under  varying  environments.    It  has 

Arrentinrfd'r"'™']"'^^'^  ■"*°  Aust;alLnd 
Argentina  and  has  a  foothold  in  the  grazing 

regions  about  the  South  African  Cape.    Con?^ 

drawn  ^""^'  11''^  ^"  '*«  conservatism  haL 
drawn  rrequently  upon  British  Short-horn 
herds-France  in  particular  maintainnig  good 
collections  of  resistered  «tn^t    t+  i,  . 

claims   thereforrtriS  sl':^^ S 

srnK""'^^^"^'"*'-°-^™='*--o- 

Birthplace  and  origin  of  the  breed.-The 

Short-horn-or  "Durham"  as  formerly  called 
by  many  farmers  in  the  United  States-is  of 
composite  origin,  representing  the  result  of 
genera  ,ons  of  skillfnl  blending  of  various  ab- 
0  igina  types.  While  its  long  period  of  incn- 
mtion^is  shrouded  in  more  or  less  uncerl 


thei 


■e  IS  no  question  either  as  to 


babitat  or  its  ancient 


1 


L'tainty 
its  orijjfinal 


H 


iiieage.    Traditions,  as 


VI 


18 


A   HISTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


well  as  authentic  records,  recognized  the  pro- 
genitors of  the  modern  type  in  the  Counties  of 
Northumberland,  Durham,  York  and  Lincoln 
for  several  centuries  prior  to  the  final  crystal- 
lization of  the  breed  in  and  about  the  Tees- 
water  Valley.    So  much  of  a  speculative  char- 
acter has  been  published  relating  to  the  grad- 
ual evolution  in  Northeastern  England  of  the 
established  type  of  which  we  write  that  it  is 
not  essential,  nor  would  it  be  of  any  special 
profit,  for  us  to  undertake  to  travel  extensively 
over  that  uncertain  ground  in  this  volume. 
For  centuries  it  is  said  that  Northern  England 
was  the  home  of  a  horned  black  breed,  and 
black  cattle  predominated  in  Yorkshire  and 
adjacent  counties  until  the  seventeenth  cen- 
tury.   At  this  date  two  other  well-known  types 
existed  in  England,  the  "pied"  cattle  of  Lin- 
colnshire, with  "more  white  than  other  colors," 
and  the  red  stock  of  Somerset  and  Gloucester- 
shire.   By  the  middle  of  the  eighteenth  cen- 
tury, although  the  Yorkshire  cattle  were  still 
largely  black,   mixed  colors  began  to  make 
their  appearance.     "But  of  all  the  cows  in 
England,"  wrote  William  Ellis  in  1744,  "I  think 
none  comes  up  to  the  Holderness  breed   for 
their  wade  bags,  short  horns  and  large  bodies, 
which  render  them  (whether  black  or  red)  the 
most  profitable  beasts  for  the  dairyman,  grazier 
and  butcher.    Some  of  them  have  yielded  two 


THE  OLD  SHOBT-HOEN  OOtTNTET.  19 

or  three  gallons  at  a  meal."   This  tv.iP  tn^t  •+ 

name  from  the  district  of  HoldernerfnS^n/h' 
eastern  Yorkshire    A  lin„t  tv  !  "  ^°"*" 

imnnvfori  ,  *'°"^®-   A''0"t  this  time  catt  e  were 
imported  from  continental  Europe  into  the 
Eastern  counties.    These  consisted  cWeflvo? 
large  white  Dutch  or  Flanders  cow,     ^-^ 
-id  that  bulls  were  broughT  .  t  m  H    £ 
and  used  on  some  of  the  herds  of  York  and 
Durham.    These  Dutch  cattle  should  no    how 
SianVt"f  "f.  "'«  -dern  nitel: 

anrrwiL::  r  .ss:^'  r= 

were  among  the  earliest  possessors  of  olcUiZ 
Iiort-liorned  herds-imported  and  utd  oXh 

C.S  w '"r™"^  types  were  all  ofave^^ 
c  uce  sort  when  contrasted  with  the  breed 
finally  evoved  from  them,  and  as  we  are  more 
interested  .„  the  result  than  i„  specuMoias 

dwell  upoTthem.^  "  '''''  ^'  "'''^  »"* 

a  fh'orfho,-n"7."  breeders.-It  is  claimed  that 
Ynvvl  !  .*^P^  °^  '==^**le  existed  on  the 
Yoikshire  estates  of  the  Earls  and  Dukes  of 
Northumberland  for  a  period  of  two  hundred 

S  ZL^  I''"-  ■  ^"•'^^  "'  «hort-horn  d 
stock  had  also  been  in  the  possession  of  the 

Sm.  hsons  of  Stanwiok  as  eJly  as  the  m  ddle 
of  the  seventeenth  centurv  Ti,<.  i-  i  ".'™'^ 
Studley  Royal  and  BlaSs  !f  Ntty'^e 
likewise  fond  of  good  cattle  and  paid  grUal 


20 


A  HISTORY  OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


tention  to  the  quality  of  their  herds  about  this 
same  period.  Other  prominent  breeders  prior 
to  the  year  1780  were  Sir  William  St.  Quintin, 
Sir  James  Pennyman*  and  Mr.  Milbank  of 
Barningham.  The  latter  secured  some  of  his 
cattle  from  the  Blacketts,  but  his  reputation 
rests  largely  upon  his  use  of  the  famous  red- 
and-white  Studley  Bull  (626),  calved  in  1737, 
that  became  the  progenitor  of  many  celebrated 
animals.  Between  the  years  1730  and  1780 
many  eminent  breeders  gave  their  attention  to 
the  improvement  of  their  cattle,  among  them, 
besides  those  already  mentioned,  being  Sharter, 
Pickering,  Stephenson,  Wetherell,  Maynard, 
Dobinson,  Charge,  Wright,  Hutchinson,  Robson, 
Snowdon,  Waistell,  Richard  and  William  Bar- 
ker, Brown,  Hall,  Hill,  Best,  Watson,  Baker, 
Thompson,  Jackson,  Smith,  Jolly,  Masterman, 
Wallace  and  Robertson.  These  names  we  find 
as  breeders  of  the  earliest  cattle  whose  names 
and  pedigrees  are  recorded  in  the  first  volume 
of  the  English  Herd  Book.  It  may  be  well  to 
know  that  as  this  herd  book  was  not  published 
until  the  year  1822 — some  thirty  or  forty  years 

*  To  induce  his  tenants  to  pay  more  attention  to  the  quality  of  their 
stock  Sir  James  Is  said  to  have  freciuentlj'  made  small  wafr(>r8  as  to  whoso 
oxen  would  woifrli  the  most  and  bring-  the  best  prices.  Cadwallador  Bates 
says:  "The  farm  accounts  commencinf,'  from  17 J.')  repnlarly  recorded  the 
sales  of  Pennynian  Short-horns,  with  tlioir  weight  and  proof  in  tallow,  for 
they  were  very  ofton  sold  by  weiprht.  As  the  soil  there  is  a  strong  clay  no 
turnips  were  grown,  and  the  cattle  were  kept  in  winter  on  only  hay  and 
Btraw.  Notwithstanding  this,  the  five-year-old  steers  generally  averagtd 
about  i,9i>0  lbs." 


THE  OLD  SHORT-HORN  OOUNTBT.  21 

after  the  decease  of  many  of  those  we  have 
inentioned-tradition,  and  the  memory  of  men 
hen  hvn  as  well  as  the  written  recordTof 
their  predecessors,  were  the  authoritieron 
which  the  lineage  of  the  earlier  animalfwere 
admitted  to  record. 

Ja^^  foundation  stock.-The  Studley  Bull 
(626   dropped  m  1737,  was  one  of  the  first  grea 
stock-getters  of  the  breed  of  which  the^e  i 
ecord.    The  herd  book  furnishes  no  pZl^ 
lars  concerning  him,  but  he  is  descrfbed  by 
competent  contemporary  authority  as  havina 
been  a  red-and-white  "possessed  of  wonderful 
girUi  and  depth  of  forequarters,  very  short 
neat  frame  and  light  offal."    On;  of  hi  son^' 

iat  S  a'nl'';  T"  ^''  *«  ''^^  ^^^ 
t     I  w  M-     °  *°  ^"""^  «a"''ed  a  good  back 

reputation  as  the  sire  of  another  one  of  the 

S^r'Th '""r/f  y'^"-  Browns  Red 
miil  (97).      This  noted  bull  was  bred  by  John 

hompson  of  Arlington  Hall.  Atthisd/teit 
eveii  ";*  r^^.^.'^'-y  to  preserve  the  name  or 
even  a  description  of  the  cows  from  which 
sires  m  service  were  descended.  The  pedigree 
was  ti^ced  through  the  bull  line  excEfy 
Hence  there  is  no  record  as  to  the  maternY 

WHO  collected  the  material  for  the  first  volume 
of  the  herd  book,  which  still  bears  his  name! 


22 


A  HISTORY  OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


had  intended  that  a  description  of  the  most 
noted  animals  should  appear  in  the  public  reg- 
istry. Although  this  plan  was  not  adopted  in 
the  final  revision  of  the  book  his  notes  on  many 
of  the  earlier  sires  have  nevertheless  been  pre- 
served. From  these  it  appears  that "  J.  Brov^n's 
old  red  bull"  had  "good  fore  quarters  and 
handle,*  huggins  and  rumps  not  good,  strong 
thighs,  excellent  getter."  The  progeny  of  this 
bull  was  apparently  held  in  great  esteem,  and 
some  of  his  daughters  subsequently  attained 
much  reputation,  one  becoming  the  ancestress 
of  the  afterwards  celebrated  Bates  Duchess 
tribe,  and  another  was  the  ancestral  dam  of 
Robert  Colling's  old  Red  Rose  sort. 

The  most  famous  of  all  the  foundation  bulls, 
however,  was  Hubback  (319),  his  influence  hav- 
ing been  so  great  as  to  require  special  comment 
in  these  pages  further  on.  Many  bulls  are  re- 
corded in  the  first  volume  of  the  English  Herd 
Book  that  lived  anterior  to  the  year  1780, 'but 
aside  from  their  names  and  that  of  a  sire,  and 
sometimes  a  grandsire,  little  or  nothing  seems 
to  have  been  recorded  of  their  ancestry,  and 
nothing  beyond  can  now  be  known  of  them. 
Among  these,  in  addition  to  those  already 
named,  are  Ralph  Alcock's  Bull  (19),  Allison's 
Gray  Bull  (26),  J.  Brown's  White  Bull  (98),  Hol- 
lon's  Bull  (313),  Jolly's  Bull  (337),  Kitt  (357), 

•  This  refers  evidently  to  his  "  touch,"  as  the  handling  qualities  of  breed- 
ing stock  were  carefully  regarded  by  the  original  improvers  of  the  brefld. 


THE   OLD   SHORT-HORN  COUNTRY. 


28 


Masterman's  Bull  (422),  Paddock's  Bull  (477) 
William  Robson's  Bull  (538),  Sir  James  Penny^ 
man  s  Bull  (601),  Jacob  Smith's  Bull  (508)  T 
Smith's  Bull  (609),  Snowdon's  Bull  (612)  sire  of 
Hubback  (819);  Studley  White  Bull  (627)  jjot 
by  Studley  Bull  (626);  Waistell's  Bull  (669)'  the 
same  as  Robson's  Bull  (558);  and  Walker's  Bull 
(()70),  the  same  as  Masterman's  Bull  (422)  bv 
Studley  Bull  (626).  ^      ^'  ^ 

Of  the  cows  contemporary  with  the  bulls  we 
have  named  few,  if  any,  are  recorded  in  either 
the  hrst    or    subsequent  volumes.    We    can 
therefore,  only  infer  that  the  cows  were  equally 
as  well  and  carefully  bred  as  the  bulls.    Cattle 
tairs  (not  shows  in  the  sense  of  our  modern  ex- 
hibitions), where  beasts  were  taken  to  market 
tor  sale,  were  then,  as  now,  common  in  Eng- 
and,  and  probably  many  well-bred  cows  and 
heifers  were  brought  there  for  sale  by  their 
breeders  and   owners.     These  were  doubtless 
taken  by  breeders  of  good  cattle  when  the  blood 
and  quality  were  considered  satisfactory  and 
bred  to  the  best  bulls.    From  such  market 
cows  descended  the  more  immediate  ancestors 
of  many  celebrated  Short-horns.     It  is  no  dis- 
paragement  to  those  nameless  cows  that  such 
s  the  fact,  as  very  few  pedigrees  can  now  be 

;f;?l7/n''^'T,^''  *^'  ^'^^^^  ''"^^  beyond  the 
Cyel^mt  ''""'^^'^'''^^^'y  f^-  beyond 


24 


A  HISTORY  OP  SHORT-HORN  CATTLE. 


The  earliest  recorded  pedigree  in  the  female 
line  known  to  Short-horn  records  is  that  which 
has  lo„g  been  referred  to  in  England  and 
America  as  the  Princess  family,  tracing  to  the 
cow  Tripes,  bought  by  Thomas  Hall  in  1760 


Bmale 
kvhich 
and 
30  the 
60. 


m 


utf 


5J 

u 


0) 


CJ 


o 


O 


"A 


so 


pai 
on;- 


m 

Dai 

poii 


CHAPTER    II. 


DEVELOPMENT  OF  THE  IMPROVED  TYPE. 

The  attention  given  by  the  sturdy  tenantry 
ot  the  Teeswater  country  to  the  produetioi,  of 
a  sn|,in-.or  Krude  of  beef  at  this  early  date  as 
in-hcated  by  the  roster  of  names  set  forth'  in 
the  proeeding  chapter,  was  tlie  response  of 
the  fanners  ot  tliat  district  to  the  demands  of 
Anglo-Saxon  taste.    On  tlie  opposite  or  conti- 
nental shore  of  the  German  Ocean  dairy  prod- 
ucts were  esteemed  an  esj.ecial  delicacy;  and 
so  the  low  countries  gradually  became    the 
home  of  what  subsequently  developed  into  the 
rol.stein-ir,es,an  breed.    But  the  fox-hunting 
\orkshire  "  squires,"  and   the  hon  Hmnh  of 
.nerne  England  "  generally,  demanded  some- 
Hnng  mo,-e  substantial  at  their  banquet  boards. 
Kich     barons"  of  well-marbled  beef  appealed 
particularly  to  the  palates  of  the  hearty  mt 
0.1S,  and  nght  royally  did  the  stock-growers  of 
the   sland  nieet  the  call.    Widespread  interest 
•n  the  breodmg  of  fine  cattle  developed.    At 
I'arhngtou,  Durham   Yarn,  and  other  central 
points  market  fairs,   the  forerunners  of   our 

(26) 


26 


A    HISTORY   OP   SHOUT-IIOUN   CATTLE. 


modern  shows,  had  begun  to  attract  all  the 
progressive  farmers,  feeders  and  graziers  of  tlie 
country-side  both  far  and  near.  Kacli  of  thoso 
who  took  [)ride  in  cattle  vied  with  the  other  in 
the  exhibition  of  good  specimens  of  the  Tees- 
water  type;  and  we  can  easily  imagine  with 
what  absorbing  interest  these  breed-buildei's 
compared  the  relative  merits  of  their  stock 
and  with  what  satisfaction  they  noted  the  prog- 
ress being  made.  Herd  books  were  not  in  ex- 
istence. Blood  lines  were  known  only  l)y  word 
of  mouth  or  by  sundry  traditions;  but  they 
were  a  superior  class  of  men,  these  pioneers  in 
the  study  of  the  Jaws  of  heredity  as  applied  to 
animal  life,  and  their  local  fairs  were  at  once  a 
forum  and  a  market-place.  Short-horn  "par- 
liaments," far-reaching  in  their  influence,  as- 
sembled upon  these  occasions,  frequently  with 
some  favorite  bull  or  heifer  as  the  storm  cen- 
ter of  debate.  Then,  as  now,  men  differed  as 
to  the  form  of  animals  and  methods  of  breed- 
ing to  be  pursued.  There  were  few  if  any 
servile  imitators.  There  was  no  established 
type  or  fashion  to  rule  the  hour.  It  was  the 
formative  stage  in  the  evolution  of  the  Short- 
horn as  known  to  the  succeeding  generation, 
and  each  individual  sought  results  largely  after 
the  dictates  of  his  own  personal  judgment. 
Would  that  some  of  this  same  independence  of 
thought  and  action  might  be  brought  to  bear 


DKVKLOPMKNT  OF  THE   IMHimvEU  TYPE.      27 

in  the  settlement  „f  ,,rol,le„,,s   facins  thos« 
who  are  endeavoring  to  |„.,„,.t„..f"siw  i 

'•'Zu'n'"^^' *''''''•'-■' «:;«?''■"'*■'''''•■' 

Fau  t8  of  the  old  Teeswater  stock.-The 
iniloimity  ,n  some  essential  points  hut  Ts  a 

;ffKee.!^Sirr^;t; 

l.e  .■hara,-te,-of  the  ol.l  Tee.swater  stoc^w"  ich 

I.S  tliat  of  Wilham  Carr,  the  liistorian  of  the 
fcard-celehrated    herds    of    the    Messr, 

.iXtSedTor'iirr;!!^- 1'«- 

.l"a.ters,  soft  and  mellow  in  the  r  h'"'  ""? 
,  handli,^;  and  possessi„,::with*l:  ^  '  milt 
%' qua. ties  a  remarkahle  disposition' to  at- 
ten.  rhoir  horns  were  rather  lon-^er  than 
those  0  their  descendants  of  the  p  efe„t  day 
and  inchmng  upward.     The  defects'  wtre  those 

der  point,  a  want  of  length  in  tlie  hind  nuar 
ers,  of  width  in  the  floor  of  the  diest    of 

'e  s'^Ter"^  rrr"'  behind  theinU 
'itJis,  as  well  as  of   flp^h   m^rwi^   +i        i      i , 

»««.    They  had  a  soSh  rd^^o^S  t"' 
a  want  of  substance,  indicative  of  delicacy,  in 


28  A  HISTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


!  t 

i    ! 


the  hide.  They  failed  also  in  the  essential 
requisite  of  taking  on  their  flesh  evenly  and 
firmly  over  the  whole  frame,  which  frequently 
gave  them  an  unlevel  appearance.  There  was, 
moreover,  a  general  want  of  compactness  in 
their  conformation." 

The  Bakewell  Experiments.— Robert  Bake- 
well  of  Dishley,  a  Leicestershire  farmer,  worked 
out  about  this  period  a  system  of  stock-breed- 
ing that  was  destined  to  play  henceforth  a 
prominent  part,  not  only  in  the  development 
of  the  Short-horn  but  in  the  evolution  of  nearly 
all  our  other  improved  breeds  as  well.     What- 
ever may  have  been  the  practice  of  the  ancients 
in  respect  to  the  coupling  of  animals  closely 
related  it  remained  for  Bakewell  to  demon- 
strate to  the  stock-breeders  of  the  last  century 
that   in   the   concentration    of   the   blood   of 
animals  possessing  desired    characteristics    a 
method  was  provided  whereby  results  could  be 
quickly  and  definitely  attained.    This  idea  was 
diametrically  opposed  to  the  principles  and 
practice  governing  the  operations  of  Bakewell's 
contemporaries.    Incestuous  breeding  of  ani- 
mals was  held  in  abhorrence,  and  when  Bake- 
w^ell  began  breeding  long-wooled  sheep,  Lan- 
cashire Long-horned  cattle  and  cart  horses  from 
close  affinities  his  neighbors  gave  him  credit  for 
being  somewhat  daft.     He  was  a  man  of  con- 
siderable means  at  the  beginning  of  his  expeii- 


DEVELOPMENT  OP  THE  IMPROVED  TYPE.   29 

mmts,  and  brought  more  or  less  scientific 
knowledge  to  bear  upon  his  work.  His  .system 
.•on  emplated  first  the  selection  of  fo,  ndatioD 
s  ock  approximating  i„  form  and  charucter  a" 
ebselyas  possible  the  type  he  sought  to'elb- 

tLnll        '■  "f  I  ''"''"  *'>^"'  ^mediate 
.le,scendants  were  interbred  in  such  a  way  as  to 

give  a  strong  concentration  of  the  blood  of  the 

c  eation  of  a  family  likeness  or  type-^a  groun 
ot  animals  homogeneous  in  blood  and  unffo rm 
H>  c\^^-^ctenstics.  Resort  to  fresh  blood  wa^ 
mly  had  when  an  animal  was  found  elsewhere 
hat  possessed  in  marked  degree  as  an  inrvid! 
"al  the  particular  points  desired.  The  Xn 
«oon  began  to  reveal  marvelous  results   and 

"ll  2ts"of  tb""T  t-^'^  ^<'«'^-"  to -mew 
.11  paits  of  the  island.    King  George  III  him- 

Z^L  "','*'<'f^''reeding,and  about  the  time 

utere  ted     "';V'™'"  ''""''^''^  '^^-">«  ^P^ciaUy 
iiiteiested  in  their  work  the  Bakewel]  system 

was  arousing  much  curiosity,  even  a^'o  i?«  o" 
conservatives  who  Inrl   «tn' ti  ^,        ® 

theory.  S'toutly  opposed    the 

Bakewell  did  not  use  Short-horns  in  his  ex 
penments     He  kept  a  fow  of  the  ol  1  "or    it  is 
aid  merely  to  «how  by  contiust  the   upei  o 
ty  of  his  new  breed  of  Long-horns.    While  he 
achieved  a  permanent  success  with  his  shej; 


30  A  HISTORY   OP  SHORT-HORN  CATTLE. 


the  Long-horns  were  not  destined  to  general 
popularity.  The  method  employed  in  fixing 
the  type,  however,  was  soon  seized  upon  by 
some  of  the  younger  element  in  the  Short-horn 
breeding  ranks,  and  with  wonderful  effect,  as 
we  will  now  proceed  to  note. 

Ketton  and  Barmpton.— About  three  miles 
northeast  of  Darlington,  in  the  county  of  Dur- 
ham, overlooking  a  little  stream  that  flows  into 
the  Tees  at  Croft,  is  the  farm  of  Barmpton,  and 
about  a  mile  beyond  is  Ketton.    Upon  these 
two  farms  the  modern  Short-horn  may  be  said 
to  have  had  its  origin.    Charles  Colling  Sr., 
father  of  Charles  and  Robert,  the  first  great 
improvers  of  the  breed,  had  laid  the  founda- 
tion for  a  Short-horn  herd  at  Ketton  Farm  by 
the  purchase  of  a  cow  called  Cherry  at  Yarm 
Fair,  but  finding  farming  unprofitable  at  this 
time  he  gave  up  the  property  to  his  son  Charles. 
The  brothers  set  about  breeding  Short-horns  at 
a  time  when  values  of  farm  products  in  Eng- 
land were    much    depressed.     The  American 
Revolution  had  just  been  terminated,  and,  in 
common  with  all  other  farm  property  in  great 
Britain,  cattle  were  still  feeling  the  demoraliz- 
ing effects  of  war. 

The  original  Duchess  cow.— Charles  Colling 
had  heard  of  Bakewell  and  his  work  and  in 
1783  made  a  prolonged  study,  at  Dishley,  of 
the  theory  and  practice  of  in-and-in  or  "close" 


v" 


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DEVELOPMENT   OF   THE   IMPROVED   TYPE.       31 

breeding.    In  Ju^e  of  the  following  year  he 
bought  m  Darlingtcn  market  a  cow  which  he 

th=,T!ff  ?■  *''^*  ^"^^  "'^«  t°  the  family 

tiiat  afterward  became  the  subject  of  the  wild- 

of  Fnl  >,'''''a'^*'°"  ''"'^"'"  '"  ^»  the  annals 
tulff  °'^f'"<^"«'^"  agriculture.  She  was 
onTh  *«  "  ^'',°"^'  Appleby, a  tenant  farmer 
on  the  Stauwick  estate  of  Sir  Hugh  Smithson, 
afterward  created  Duke  of  Northumberland 
As  already  stated,  the  Stanwick  herds  had  been 
celebrated    ocally  from  a  very  ancient  period 

led  flecked  color;  her  breast  was  near  the 
ground  and  her  back  wide.  She  was,  too  a 
gi^at  grower.  Mr.  Colling  considered  her  hi! 
d  mg  very  superior,  and  no  one  was  a  better 
i  ■:,  He  even,  t  so  far  as  to  say  tliat  he 
considered  her  the  ..est  cow  he  ever  had  or  ever 
saw,  and  confessed  that  he  could  never  breed 

bulfs°°fvV  T-  ''■""'  ""'''  '''"^  f'--"  his  best 
bu  Is    which  improved  all  his  other  cattle." 

This  fine  cow  cost  but  thirteen  pounds  sterling. 
About  <  lie  same  date  diaries  Colling  bought  a 
cow  named  Daisy  .said  to  have  been  descended 
from  Mastennan-s  Bull  and  belonging  to  a  fam- 
ily of  cows  noted  for  their  milking  property 
Moreover,  it  was  sai.l  that  she  was  "very  neat 
in  shape  and  very  inclinable  to  make  fat" 
i^He  Beautiful  lady  Maynard."-In  1786 


32 


A   HISTORY    UF    SilORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


Gabriel  Thornton,  who  had  lived  with  Mr.  May- 
nard  of  Eiyholme  as  bailiff  for  some  ten  years, 
entered  Charles  Colling's  service.    The  quality 
of  the  Eryholme  cattle  nn't  nl1;y  came  under 
consideration,  and  in  Sept      ■    r  of  that  year 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  Charles  Colling  rode  over  to  Mr. 
Maynard's  to  inspect  the  herd.*    Their  atten- 
tion was  at  once  claimed  by  a  handsome  seven- 
year-old  cow  then  called  Favorite  "  that  Miss 
Maynard  was  milking."    This  cow  was  a  roan 
possessing  the  long  horns  of  the  old  Teeswater 
type  and  came  from  a  well-established  tribe. 
She  was  bought  for  twenty-eight  guineas,  and 
Mr.  Colling  agreed  also  to  take  her  heifer  calf— 
that  received  the  name  of  Young  Strawberry 
and  was  sired   by  Dalton  Duke  (188)— at  ten 
guineas.    At  the  time  of  this  pui-chase   the 
cow  was  again  in  calf  to  Dalton  Duke  and  gave 
birth  to  a  bull  to  that  service  at  Ketton  in  1787, 
The  name  of  this  cow,  the  most  celebrated  of 
all  the  early  matrons  of  the  breed,  was  changed 
by  Mr.  Colling  to  Lady  Maynard.    She  became 
the  ancestress  of  several  famous  families  and 
of  the  bulls  that  fairly  created  "the  improved 
Short-horn." 

The  Bull  Hubback.  -While  Charles  Colling 
was  making  these  purchases  of  foundatioij 
stock  his  brother  Robert  was  not  idle.    The 

*  It  is  saui  that  Mrs.  ColUnp  was  quite  as  much  interested  In  cattle- 
breeding'  aa  her  linsband,  and  havlnp  no  childnui  she  had  leisure  to  indulge 
Uer  love  for  till ;KtO(U.  «»  ef 


DEVELOPMENT    OP   THE   IMPROVED   TYPE.      33 

author-  Of  one  of  the  latest  English  contribu- 
^n„  .h    ^•'°r*-h'"-"   litei-ature^  asserts   that 

Uiailes  Coll  ng  was  possessed  of  "the  four  best 
short-horned  cows  in  existence."    Eobert  Pol 

.ng  had  bought  with  iudg„,e„t  from  uXo^d 
Sh?  "'."r.  ,Mess,..  Milbanl,  Hill,  WafZ. 
ft  light,  Sir  Wilha,„  St.  Quintin  and  Best,  al 
of  whom  were  known  to  po.ssess  fine  cattle  and 
m  the  case  of  the  selection  and  use  of  the  ce  e 
brated  bu  1  Hubback  Robert  seems  to  have 

Ttr  if"'  '""'•'  ^'«'=«™'»«»t  than  Charles 
Iheie  IS  no  gainsaying  the  far-reaching  influ- 
ence of  the  blood  of  this  bull  as  a  factor  in  the 

ni  wrr:*  "'  f.'  '''""'■    ^""<""1  -">«  «-dit 

ZeTn  Sb     ."f  *'''  ""''  '•"^'  f"""t^"'  head  of 
odein  Short-horn  excellence.    The  testimony 

0  all ';r'    T'lT  °*  "'"  "^°^*  distinguished 

vv^  h  11  ""  r  ^"""^'''^  ^"*'"'"^'  ''"d  of  whom 
«e  sha  1  speak  more  at  length  later  on)  was 

l|art.calarly  radical  upon  this  proposition.'   h" 

had^t^l^t f^^ttU  Hubr*  t'T, .'-  "^  '"'^  *°^^  '*« 
valuable  breed  of  Short  horf.^J  t"''  ■""  ^'^"^'""^  the  old, 
that  where  Hubto  *,  ^0^1  ,'!"°  ""^  "^■'""•'"J'  ""'.  ^-d 

horn.  Which  bad  no  H^C  s  ^oVr  tJ  '"■"  '"°''  ■"  ^'"'"■ 
been  done,  then  the  Herd  tZ?  .  J?  """^  """'■    ^ad  this 

valuable  record    L  it  S  it  f,,!  °,  ^"""-"o™  """W  have  been  a 

longer  to  bo  coniinned  VI  ZTrJT'  "'  """""=•  "''  °"^"  "'' 
mals  out  of  a  hundrpd  i„V^  .  .^  '"^°°'''  °=  "iMty-nine  ani- 
beej^entered  the^."  '"  '""'^  ^'""'  ^'"'"M  ■'«™'  have 

•Cai,„,Mer  John  Ba.oe  „,  i,,^^,  oaeue,  Nortt„Mn,„a^. 


i<     I 


34 


A    HISTORY   OP   SHORT-HORN   OATTLS. 


Mr.  Bates  may  be  called  a  prejudiced  wit- 
ness.  He  was  a  man  of  very  decided  convic- 
tions; dogmatic  to  the  last  degree.  While  it  is 
not  probable  that  Hubback  held,  Atlas-like,  in 
his  day  the  whole  future  of  the  breed  upon 'his 
shoulders  there  is  no  doubt  that  he  imparted 
a  quality  and  refinement  of  chal-acter  that  had 
been  comparatively  rare  prior  to  his  appear- 
ance. 

Short-horn  history  abounds  in  cases  where 
outstanding  merit  has  failed  of  adequate  ap- 
preciation, but  the  story  of  Hubback,  summar- 
ized below,  probably  surpasses  all  others  of 
its  class.*  He  was  thus  described  by  Coates: 
"  Head  good,  horns  small  and  fine,  neck  fine, 
breast  well  formed  and  fine  to  the  touch,  shoul- 

HurwS\h°HTh;?n'''''>f'''°'  Hubback,  was  a  brick-layer  and  lived  at 
Hurworth     Ho  had  once  been  a  tenant  farmer  and  bred  Short-horn  cattle 
Which    when   leaving   his  farm   to  live  at    Hurworth,  he  sold     11    off 
excepting  one  choice  little  cow  he  took  with  him,  and  as  ^e  had  no  pastuS 
of  his  own  for  her  to  graze  In  she  ran  in  the  lanes  of  the  town     While 
there  She  was  put  to  "George  Snowdon's  Bull,- also  In  Hurworth.    From 
him  the  cow  dropped  a  bull  calf.    Soon  afterward  the  cow  and  calf  wer^ 
driven  to  Darlington  market  and  there  sold  to  a  Mr.  Bassnott  a  timber 
merchant.    Bassnett  retained  the  cow  but  sold  the  calf  to  a  b  acksmitra; 
Hornby  five  mil..s  out  from  Darlington.    The  dam  of  the  calf  taSl"  on 
flesh  readily  would  not  again  breed  and  after  some  naonths  was  fattened 
and  Slaughtered.  Growing  to  a  useful  age,  the  young  bull  in  1783  was  found 
;ott.r=  Z^Ji:.  '-"^^  °'  ^  ^^'  — •  "--  -  Haughton'S 
Mr  Wright  (a  noted  Shortrhorn  breeder^   says  that  Charles  Collin? 
going  Into  Darlington  market  weekly,  used  to  notice  some  eSeliem  ve"u' 
and  upon  inquiry  ascertained  that  the  calves  were  got  by  a  bull  befongh  g 
to  Mr.  Fawcett  of  Haughton  Hill.    This  bull,  then  known  .as  Fawcett  s  st  f 
«°  "«  years  afterwards  called  Hubback,  was  at  the  time  serving  cows 
at  a  shilling  each  (about  twenly-flve  cents).    Charles  Colling,  however  as 
the  merits  of  the  beast  were  talked  over  between  himself  and  ototrs  did 
'^PPear  partieularly  impressed  with  them.    But  Eobert  Colling  and  ?ri6 
neighbor,  Mr.  Vaistell  of  All-hill,  who  had  also  Been  the  bull,  thought  be 
ter  Of  him  and  more  accurately  measured  his  value.    The  two,  soon  after 


a 

4 


DEVELOPMKXT   OP   THT?   tm««^ 

*Ji?     IHE   IMPROVED   TYPE.       35 

flers  rather  uprio-ht  o-irfi.         i  i  . 
«idos  fair,  n,K.d     i^'^f  •  ''"°^^' >'«%  and 
and  twist  wZS  !;'''^;,<^^*'-'''»d"»i-y,  flank 
with  .some  white  calted  S^n,'!  ^yellow-red 
by  Sucwdon's  ilull  (61  a    L\\  ""^  ''^  ^"^ 

■Studley  Bull  (02«).    His  din.  ^^s  out  'f '°"  "' 

'i;ed  by  Mr.  Stephenson  of  Tetton  "f^  '"^ 

tnbe  in  his  possession  forty  yea^"T/'°'"  '^ 

one  time  alleeed  that  ti,  '*  ^''s  «■* 

Highland)   bhf^d   h^HXl^r;'^'"^  ^'^•'^^' 
dam's  side  but  this  i.  „  V     u?  ^^'"■'  »"   '"s 

-t  Coiling  used  HubCk  forf  r*"*^'-.  ^°'^- 
-Id  bin.  to  his  b.-othe   Cha^^es  Ir r'.  '!!"' 

Waisfpl]  ,r     .u       .  *  appears  that    neither 

I^-l  parted  wfth  hin  and tw^^*^^  '''''  *^^^ 
Ins  stock  as  they^erup "^d  t^^^^^^^  '' 

was  a  small  bull    iX  T         developed.    He 
^-^ —  ^  ^^uii-^his  dam  was  small  for  a 

pf  t^Sii'ic;tni,f  tr  SeS"^  °'  ^  ^^--«  ^or  ton  .umeas 
their  eeparato  berds,  Conine-"!;^  ,^f  f..  ?"  ^^^^''^  °^vned  and  useS  to 
;;'-rved  by  him  during  the  si.fso  u  tho  f  1  '"'<  ''""  '"'''^^'^^^  eleven  cows 
Co.hn^.  having  chan^rod  his  oplnlm/oft,'^'''^''"^-'^'"^"^'' <™3)  Cha^^^^ 
owners  el.^ht  guineas  (about  J  ^  hta  tt,"/,"  ''  °'  ^'^^  """'  offered  S 
Charles  Colling  kont  the  h„  iV^,  *'""-^  ^"^"  ^Im. 

and  then  sold  hl.n  late'L'.^s''^  eTySroUi^^'"  'T  ''''''' '^  ^^«  ^o-^. 
Sotou.  In  Northnmberland.    The  hnn  ZT  '^  ^''-  Hubback,  at  North 

Mr.  HMbbnek  nsod  hhn  (tho  bn,  thole'     "° ,?'''"'"  ^^^^"  Colllngso  d  £ 

year  noi,  When  he  was  fou.eon:;\^;:S:rrwr^^^^ 

ne  was  vigorous  to  the  last. 


A   HISTORY   OF  SHORT-HORN  CATTLE. 


Short-horn,  but  a  very  handsome  cow,  of  hne 
symmetry,  with  a  nice  touch  and  tine,  long, 
mossy  hair.  All  these  choice  qualities  Hub- 
back  took  from  her.  As  size  was  a  meritorious 
point  in  Short-horns  at  that  time  it  is  highly 
probable  that  the  Collings  discarded  him  foi 
that  deficiency  more  than  any  other.  Yet  the 
subsequent  reputation  of  Hubljack  among  the 
breeders  was  higher  than  that  of  any  other 
bull  of  his  time,  and  it  was  considered  a  great 
merit  in  any  Short-horn  which  could  trace  its 
pedigree  back  nito  his  blood,  which  no  doubt 
could  be  easily  done,  as  he  was,  both  before 
and  after  the  Collings  owned  him,  open  to  the 
public  at  a  cheap  rate  of  service.  It  is  said 
that  his  stock  had  capacious  chests,  prominent 
bosoms,  thick,  mossy  coats,  mellow  skins,  with 
a  great  deal  of  fine  fiesh  spread  evenly  over 
the  whole  carcass.  Mr.  Bates  stated  that  Rnh- 
back  had  "  clean,  waxy  horns,  mild,  bright  eyes, 
a  pleasing  countenance  and  was  one  of  the 
most  remarkably  quick  feeders  ever  known. 
He  retained  his  soft  and  downy  coat  long  into 
the  summer.  His  handling  was  superior  to 
that  of  any  bull  of  the  day." 

Foljambe  and  inbreeding. — Among  other 
good  heifers  left  at  Ketton  by  Hubback  was 
one  called  Haughton,  said  to  have  been  "fine 
and  neat."  Mr.  Colling  had  apparently  not  a 
high  enough  opinion  of  Hubback  at  that  time, 


BBVBIOPMENT  OF  THE  IMl-KOVKO  TYPE        37 

;-  Her  to  KeSltc\rr;ifC 
O^-^),  "a  lame,  well-shMnpri    i    ^  ""-^'^e' s  uun 

haired  beast'w'ith  a  .  t^flt "  "Tr'  ","^- 

.ome  Of  th:^;r';oir^\  :,•■-  -r;;-^ 

others  the  rich  ^eJoi:^ L^iTCnlTTl' 
produce  being  a  heifer  called  Ph«nfx     t^  ff 
cover  of   Poliamhn    T    ]     ,/"o^^^ix.     lothe 

Duke  heifer  Cn!  ^"^  *^^y"««l'«   Dalton 

bull   BoTingbroke  fset  r'.  ''';i  *°PP«<'  *he 

best  bull  he  evt  si?     t1 1  tt' '^'''*?  *"« 

the  Bakeweli  syste.Tvas  fi  sttied"  \Z\Z'' 

srtiSou„?r  i"^  "^^-'^  - 

by  historians  of  the  BatS 'Li  'thatTv' 


sc 


38  A  HISTORY  OF  SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


the  COW  was  not  bred  back  to  Ben  again  be- 
cause a  coolness  liad  arisen  between  the  two 
brothers,  and  was  only  served  by  liolingbroke 
simply  in  order  that  "she  might  have  a  calf  of 
some  sort."    This  may  or  may  not  be  true,  but 
the  fact  remains  nevertheless  that  Favorite, 
with  his  double  infusion  of  the  blood  of  Fol- 
jambe  and  Lady  Maynard,  represented  the  first 
fruit  of  the  application  of  the  policy  of  in-and- 
in  breeding  tp  Short-horn  cattle.    Colling  sold 
Bolingbroke  when  eight  years  old  to  Mr.  Job- 
ling  for  seventy  guineas.    Vigorous  to  the  last 
the  old  bull  was  killed  at  Newcastle  in  1800, 
being  sold  at  one  shilling  per  pound.    It  is  said 
that  his  stock  had,  as  a  rule,  red  bodies  with 
some  white  on  their  faces,  thus  resembling 
somewhat  in  their  markings  the  modern  Here- 
ford. 

Favorite  (252)  an  extraordinary  sire.— This 
greatest  of  all  old-time  sires  was  "a  large,  mas- 
sive bull  of  good  constitution,  with  a  fine,  bold 
eye,  remarkably  good  loins  and  long,  level  hind 
quarters.  His  shoulder  points  stood  wide  and 
were  somewhat  coarse:  they  protruded  into 
the  neck.  His  horns  were  long  and  strong." 
Coates  called  him  "low  in  the  back."  Wais- 
tell  said  he  was  "a  grand  beast  *  *  *  with 
a  good  coat  and  as  good  a  handler  as  ever  was 
felt."  It  is  said  that  he  resembled  his  dam, 
Phoenix,  rather  than  his  sire,  Bolingbroke. 


nRVKLOl'MENT  OF  TUK   iMruoVEU    IVi'lS.      «« 

Favorite  was  a  li^ht  roan,  dropped  in  1793 
;""  d.eU  .n  1809.    So  nearly  di.l  he  meet  M  : 
<  .llwgs  news  as  to  wliat  a  Short-horn  bul 
sliuuld  be  tha   he  now  began  a  „,o.st  extraord 

;r  use?'  1-  '""'""''"«•    ^'"-  y"""-  the  bul 
was  used  indiscriminately  upon  his  own  off- 
.^prniK,  often  to  the  third  and  in  one  or  two 
.nstances  to  the  fifth  and  sixth  generatior 
His  get  were  not  only  the  most  celebrated 
Miort-horns  of  their  day,  but  his  immediate 
descendants  constitute  a  lar«e  percentage  of 
rhe  entire  foundation  stock  upon  which  the 
lerd-book  records  stand.    He  ,vas  bred  back  to 
MS  own  dam,  the  produce  being  a  heifer,  Young 
1  lioemx.     To  still  farther  test  the  Bakewell 
systern  this  heifer  was  then  bred  to  her  own 
Mre,  the  issue  of  that   loubly-inoestuous  union 
being  the  bull  Comet  (155),  f.e  pride  of  his 
time  and  the  first  Shoi-t-horn  to  sell  for  |5,000 
riie  first  calf  got  by  Favorite  was  dropped  by 
the  Duchess  cow,  and  the  second  was  a  bull 
that  was  afterward  steered  and  acquired  celeb- 
rity as 

"The  Durham  Ox."-It  must  be  borne  in 
mind  that  at  this  time  the  Short-horns  were  a 
local  breed  of  cattle,  confined  chiefly  to  the 
counties  of  ancient  Northumbria,  and  the  best 
ot  them  were  to  be  found  in  and  about  the  Val- 
ley of  the  Tees  The  Collings,  in  the  exercise 
ot  their  usual  foresight  and  sagacity,  deter- 


40 


A    HISTORY   OF    SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


mined  to  give  their  cattle  a  wide  reputation 
through  the  kingdom,  and  for  that  purpose 
Charles  prepared  the  Durham  Ox  for  public  ex- 
hibition.  As  this  ox  achieved  a  wide  reputation 
and  successfully  drew  the  merits  of  the  Short- 
horns to  the  attention  of  the  cattle-breeding 
public,  although  it  has  been  frequently  pub- 
lished, a  full  account  of  him  will  be  repeated. 
He  was  among  the  earliest  calves  got  by  Fa- 
vorite (252),  "bred  in  the  year  1796,  and  out  of 
a  common  black-and-white  cow,  bought  for 
Charles  Colling  by  John  Simpson,  at  Durham 
Fair,  for  £14  ($70)."    Although  the  dam  of  the 
Durham  Ox  was  said  to  have  been  "a  common 
cow,"  yet  from  the  price  which  Colling  paid  for 
her,  and  the  marvelous  excellence  of  the  steer 
descended  from  her,  it  is  altogether  probable 
she  possessed  much  of  the  ''common"  Short- 
horn blood  of  the  vicinity.    Judging  from  her 
color  she  was  probably  not  highly  bred,  but  it 
is  certain  that  she  had  much  quality.    This 
steer  Colling  fed  up  to  his  greatest  flesh-taking 
capacity  until  nearly  five  years  old,  when  he 
had  attained  a  reputed  weight  of  3,024  lbs. 
He  was  then  purchased  to  be  exhibited  by  Mr. 
Bulmer  of  Harmby,  in  February,  1801,  for  £140 
(^700).     Bulmer  had  a  traveling  carriage  made 
to  carry  him  through  the  country,  and  after 
traveling  and  exhibiting  him  five  weeks  sold 
the  carriage  and  ox  at  Rotherham  to  John  Dav 


I  I 


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DEVJLOPMEKT  OF  THE  IMPROVED  TYPE.      41 

the  8th  of  July  for  f  2,000  ($10,000),  but  he  re- 
fused all  these  offers,  which  were  s  rong  proofs 
ot  the  excellence  of  the  ox,  as  well  as  hi!  exWb 
.t>on  value.   Mr.  Day  traveled  with  him  nearly 
SIX  years  through  the  principal  parts  of  Enrfand 
and  Scotland,  till  at  Oxfordfon'ihe  19  h  of  ieb 
ruary  the  ox  dislocated  his  hip  bone,  and  con- 
tinned  in  that  state  till  the  15th  of  ApnTwhen 
he  was  killed,  and  notwithstanding  he  mus" 
have  lost  considerable  flesh  during  these  eTX 

quarters,  <J,d22  lbs.;  ti^llow.  156  lbs-  hide  1<t9 
lbs.;  total,  2,620  lbs.    This  was  at  the  age  f.f 

t:TtZ7L7'''  '",^  •I'^'^dvantages  o'f  six 
yeais  travel  ng  in  a  jolting  carriage  and  eisht 

nearfy  3,lKs       '"'  "''^'^'  *°  ''^^^  "een 

"The  WWte  Heifer  That  Trayeled."_About 

he  year  1806  Robert  Colling  reared  a  pureW. 

bred  heifer  afterward  called  the  "White  Heifer 

That  Traveled,"  which  he  sent  out  throuSi  the 

The'dSoThr  v'r.'  .''^"""^^  *-  -=>■''«- 

volumeE  H  R      Jf**"  u  °°*  «*^«"  «  ^^^  ^^st 
volume  E.  H.  B.,  where  her  pedigree  is  recorded 

^he  was  also  got  by  Favorite  (252)  from  a 

'lam  called  "Favorite  Cow,"  bred  by  R  ColHng 


42 


A    HISTORY   OP    SHORT-HORN    CATTLE. 


The  name  of  *'  Favorite  Cow's"  sire  is  not  given. 
Her  grandam,  "Yellow  Cow,"  was  by  Punch 
(531),  and  her  great-grandam  was  by  Anthony 
Reed's  Bull  (538),  and  bred  by  Mr.  Best  of  Man- 
field.  The  "  White  Heifer"  being  5:winned  with 
a  bull,  and  herself  not  breeding,  she  was  fed  up 
to  her  greatest  flesh-taking  capacity  and  exten- 
sively exhibited.  Her  age  when  slaughtered 
is  not  given,  but  the  account  states  that  her 
live  weight  could  not  have  been  less  than 
2,300  lbs.,  and  her  dead  weight  was  estimated 
at  1,820  lbs. 

There  were  other  extraordinary,  large  and 
heavy  cattle  bred  and  fed  by  the  Short-horn 
breeders  contemporary  with  the  Coilings,  whose 
recorded  weights  we  might  give,  but  as  they  all 
run  in  about  the  same  scale  it  is  not  important 
to  record  them  here.  It  is  sufficient  to  say  that 
the  great  reputation  which  the  Coilings  and 
their  animals  acquired  was  through  the  wider 
knowledge  which  the  public  abroad  obtained 
of  them  by  these  public  exhibitions.  Thus  the 
Coilings  became  conspicuously  known,  and  were 
considered  by  those  not  intimately  acquainted 
with  the  other  breeders  around  them  as,  if  not 
the  founders,  at  least  the  great  improvers  of 
the  newly-advertised  and  meritorious  breed. 

The  "alloy"  blood.— In  the  year  1791,  after 
Charles  Colling  had  been  ten  years  a  Short-horn 
breeder  and  had  his  choices,  ^^nort-horn  fami- 


DBVELOrMBNT   OF   THE    IMPROVED  TYPE.      43 

lies  well  established,  one  of  his  neighbors,  Col 
0  Ca  laghan,  purchased  two  Scotch  Galloway 
hornless  heifers  and  brought  to  his  farm.    He 
agreed  with  Colling  to  have  the  heifers  served 
by  his  bul    Bolingbroke  (86),  with  the  under- 
standing that  if  the  calves  were  bulls  Collins 
was  to  have  them;  if  heifers,  O'Callaghan  was 
to  retain  them.    One  of  these  heifers,  red  in 
color,  dropped  a  red-and-white  roan  bull  calf 
1.1  the  year  1792,  which  immediately  became 
the  property  of  Colling.    The  other  calf  was  a 
heiter,  which  was  kept  by  O'Callaghan.    Colling 
had  an  aged  Short-horn  cow,  '•Old  Johanna" 
bred  by  hiniself,  of  moderate  quality,  got  by 

T,  T'  Tlf^^'  ^""^  ^y  fiobert   Colling 
hat  IS  all  which  is  given  of  her  pedigree,  no 
dam  being  mentioned.     Yet  Lame  Bull  had  two 
crosses  of  Hubback  (319)  i„  him,  and  his  great- 
grandam  was  by  James  Brown's  Red  Bull  (97) 
so  far  giving  him  an  excellent  pedigree.    Old 
Johanna  not  having  bred  a  calf  for  two  years 
wa.  put  to  this  Son  of  Bolingbroke  (from  the 
-alloway  heifer),  when  a  yearling,  and  he  got 
her  in  calf.    The  produce  was  another  bullcflf 
>i  im  Grandson  of  Bolingbroke  (280),  red  and 
"*!/"  color,  which  Colling  also  kept,  betng 
fhree^ourth.s  Short-horn  and  one-fourTh  Gallo 
way  blood     CoUing's  cow  Phcenix,  the  dam  of 
Favorite  (252)  had  become  somewhat  aged,  and 
not  having  had  a  calf  since  the  birth  of  Favorite 


■■i 


44    A  HISTORY  OP  SHORT-HORN  CATTLE. 

although  put  to  good  bulls,  as  a  last  resort  she 
was  coupled  to  this  (irandson  of  Bolingbroke 
when  a  yearling,  in  1795,  and  by  him  she  had  a 
red-and-white  heifer  calf  in  th€  year  1 796.    This 
calf  Colling  called  ''  Lady."    She  had  one-eighth 
part  Galloway  blood.    Proving  a  very  good  one, 
Colling  reared  this  heifer,  and  at  maturity  bred 
her  successively  to  his  bulls  Favorite  (252),  her 
half-brother;  Cupid  (177),  otherwise  closely  re- 
lated to  her;  and  to  Comet  (155),  still  more 
closely  related.    She  produced  the  heifers  Coun- 
tess, one-sixteenth  Galloway,  by  Cupid;  and 
Laura,  also  one-sixteenth  Galloway,  by  Favorite, 
both  of   which  proved  fine  cows.    Her  bull 
calves  were  Washington  (674),  one-sixteenth 
Galloway,  by  Favorite;  also  Major  (397),  one- 
sixteenth;  George  (276),  one-sixteenth;  and  Sir 
Charles  (592),  one-sixteenth  Galloway;  the  three 
last  ones  by  Comet  (155).    The  two  "alloy" 
bulls,    "O'Callaghan's    Son    of    Bolingbroke" 
(469),  and  "Grandson  of  Bolingbroke"  (280),  as 
well  as  the  cows  Lady  and  her  daughters  Coun- 
tess and  Laura  and  some  of  their  descendants, 
were  recorded  in  Vol.  I,  E.  H.  B.,  many  years 
after  Colling  had  sold  them,  with  their  Gallo- 
way cross  distinctly  stated. 

Although  very  little  of  this  blood  remained 
in  the  descendants  of  these  so-called  "alloy" 
cattle  at  the  time  of  the  Ketton  sale  of  1810— 
the  outcross  having  been  buried  fathoms  deep 


DEVELOPMENT  OF  THE   IMPEOVED  TYPE.      45 

by  pure  Short-horn  blood-there  w,s  an  effort 
subsequently  made  to  discredit  them,  but  han- 
pily  the  controversy  once  waged  over  them  no 
longer  interests  practical  breeders 

As  to  Bobert  Colling.-l„  his  youth  Robert 
had  been  apprenticed  to  a  grocer,  but  his  health 

Se7  Mr'  7^r'^  '""""''■  H«  ^ad  often 
visited  Mr  Culley,  a  nof«d  farmer,  stock- 
breeder and  agricultural  writer,  and  took  les- 
sons  from  him  in  farming,  turnip-growine  and 

fK.m  B.kewell,  and  for  many  years  bred  and 
sold  them  with  great  success,  simultaneous  with 
his  pursuit  of  cattle-breeding.  His  annual  ram- 
lettmgs  were  extensive  and  profitable 
M    M-r*  .^^'^/t'-'iest  stock  he  obtained  from 
Mr.  Milbank  of  Barningham.    They  were  cT 
sidered  as  among  the  best  of  the  Teeswater 
cattle,  and  noted  for  their  excellent  Sng 
properties.    He  also  selected  the  best  cows  to 
be  obtained  from  other  breeders,  and  having 

the  year  1783,  by  which  he  had  seventeen  cows 
erved,  it  may  well  be  supposed  that  he  made 

and  th'eZ«r™'*f  *^''"«''  *»•«  "est  blood 
and  the  best  animals  he  could  obtain  in  the 

foundation  of  his  herd.    He  bred  with  ski^?  and 

jac  gment,  and  founded  several  different  famT 

lies,  among  the  rest  the   Wildair,  the   Bed 

Rose,  the  Princess,  the  Bright  Eyes,  and  oth- 


46 


A  HISTORY  OF  8H0RT-H0RN  CATTLE. 


n 


ers,  which  became  in  future  hands,  as  well 
as  his  own,  widely  noted  as  the  basis  of  supe- 
rior herds.  He  also  bred  many  noted  bulls. 
Among  the  earliest  of  them  were  Broken-horn 
(95),  by  Hubback  (319);  Punch  (513),  by 
I3roken-horii :  Ben  (70),  and  Twin  Brother  to 
Ben  (660),  by  Punch;  Colling's  (Robert)  White 
Bull  (151),  by  Favorite  (252);  Marske  (418),  by 
Favorite  [his  dam  and  grandam  also  by  Favor- 
ite; great-grandam  by  Hubback  (319) — that 
became  a  very  noted  bull,  useful  thirteen 
years,  and  died  at  fifteen  years  old];  North 
Star  (459),  by  Favorite  [and  full  brother  to 
the  "White  Heifer  That  Traveled"];  Phenom- 
enon (491),  by  Favorite,  and  Styford  (629)  by 
Favorite. 

"The  American  Cow." — Among  the  cows 
bred  by  Robert  Colling  was  one  which  has  ob- 
tained celebrity,  through  her  descendants,  as 
"The  American  Cow";  and  it  was  a  subject 
of  inquiry  for  many  years,  both  in  England 
and  America,  why  a  cow  so  ancient  in  line- 
age should  have  been  called  by  a  name  so  for- 
eign to  her  birthplace,  and  after  a  country 
where  the  Short-horns  at  that  time  were  almost 
unknown.  We  first  find  her  name  in  the  pedi- 
gree of  Red  Rose,  in  first  edition  of  Vol.  I,  p. 
457,  E.  H.  B.,  as  follows:  "Rod,  calved  in  1811, 
bred  by  Mr.  Hustler,  property  of  Mr.  T.  Bates; 
got  by  Yarborough  (705),  dam  (bred  by  R.  Col- 


DEVELO,  "ENT  OF  THE  IMPROVED  TYPE.   47 

ling  and  called  The  American  Cow)  by  Favorite 

H'.bback  (319).'-   ^'  ^^''^■Sreat-grandan.  by 

In  the  above  pedigree  The  American  Cow  is 
ongmally  identified.  In  Vol  II  „  407  T  ! 
edition  L.  H.  B.,  the  same  lied  Rose  is  again  re- 
corded as  Red  Rose  1st,  her  dam  beinf "  The 

tTmuT  V  Jt^'^-  I»  a  conversation 
u.th  the  late  L.  F.  Allen,  Mr.  John  Thornton 

vintei  oMSTo';.  '"''"',  '''''  •=°"»*'-y  -  "'" 
iZned  whv  fh  V'""'**"'*  ""**  ^^  had  never 
ZZlhll\""7'"'  ^"^  ""^^  «°  called. 

CSfoi^t'eta^of  '"^^^''*  ^"™«  ^» 
The  ^menca»  history  of  the  cow,  as  we  have 

S  Is"  hrf  "°  "^""""^y  which  wTdeem 

a  son  o   Mr   ^"T  ^''Y'  "''*  '""^  ^f^''  l^OL 

tT  u      .  •  Hustler,  who  was  a  Short-horn 

catt  e-breeder  in  Yorkshire,  emigrated  to  Nevv 

York,  and  brought  with  hiia  some  8ho^?-ho™ 

h  n\Ter?ft"''"'  ,T  ^'^'^  "^"'«'«-  -^  " 
"tach  his  father  bought  of  Robert  CoH-ie 
The  yoimger  Hustler  went  into  business  in  New 

county  of'wl'r*  1^'^  "'?'  '"*»  '''^  -"join^^g 
rfmerirt     f  "'•  /^'^'-^  ^w  years' stay 

irhis  Shorfl  "'""^  *"  ^"^^^"'''  ^»d  not 

r  r£      ,    °  *"''"™'  appreciated  on  this  side 

the  ocean  (as  we  find  no  record  of  them  or 


48 


A  HISTORY  OF  ^HORT-HOUN  CATTLE. 


M      I.-! 


li'll'i 


^11 


their  produce  in  this  country)  Mr.  Hustler 
took  this  cow  back  with  him,  as  she  was  a  re- 
markably good  beast,  and  put  her  into  his 
father's  herd.  Then,  on  being  put  to  Yarbor- 
ough,  she  became  the  dam  of  Red  Rose,  after- 
ward purchased  by  Mr.  Bates,  he  calling  her 
Red  Rose  1st,  which,  in  his  hands,  was  the 
ancestress  of  the  tribe  of  Red  Rose,  from  whom 
many  excellent  animals  have  descended.  The 
only  English  account  we  have  of  The  American 
Cow,  aside  from  her  pedigree,  which  we  have 
quoted,  is  that  "she  was  sent  to  America,  and 
taken  back  to  England." 

It  is  ha,rdly  necessary  to  follow  Robert  Col- 
ling through  the  various  particulars  of  his 
breeding.  The  brothers  bred  much  in  concert, 
followed^  the  same  system  of  blood  concentra- 
tion, and  in  fact  were  almost  identical  in  their 
practice.  To  sum  up  the  results  of  their  joint 
action,  it  may  be  said  that  they,  in  the  midst  of 
older  and  more  experienced  breeders,  combated 
the  rooted  prejudices  of  the  day,  and  through 
the  Bakewell  system  established  a  new  school 
of  breeding. 

The  Ketton  Dispersion.— Enjoying  the  pres- 
tige of  success  and  reputation,  in  the  month  of 
October,  1810,  Charles  C  lling  made  a  public 
sale  of  his  herd  at  Ketton  and  retired  from 
breeding.  It  was  then  the  heyday  of  agricul- 
tural prosperity  in  the  British  Islands.    Eng- 


itler 
L  re- 
his 
bor- 
'ter- 
her 
the 
lom 
The 
can 
ave 
and 


ol- 


ert, 
tra- 
leir 
)int 
tof 
.ted 
[]gh 
kool 


res- 
lof 
3lic 
orn 
ml- 
ng. 


1^ 


t» 


u 


n 


V 


a 


ess, 


DEVKLOrMKNT  OK  THB  i«,.KOVEI,  TYPB.      49 

land  had  engaged  in  the  continental  wars  of 

yearrafterwird    thf  "^  '°  ^^"^"^  ^'^^^  ^'^^  '^^^ 
Utti^e-to^-^^^^ 

Twenty-nine  cows  and  LZTTZi;:^o!a 
13s.,  an  average  of  *140  4,  7,1     !   u.     ^f'"*'^ 

and  hull  calves  brought  ^sVwi'/'^"''"  "^""^ 
of  i;lB4  8,    n,„  ,  T  ■  *^  ***•'  ■»"  average 

£7  IK   17  '  fo''ty-«even  head  selling  for 

f'Mo  17s.,  an  average  of  fK.i   «„     m? 
fourths  of  the  cattle  were  ^.t  hv  ;»,     ^n' 
Favorite  (252)  and  his  sin  Comet  (155   a'nd  t   ' 
remauung  fourth  by  b„ll«  of  tl  e  ,  Ret     Fu^' 
thcrmore,  a  large  proportion  nf  ill  ^  "' 

in  calf  to  Con^et'  Si  b'^ZTrS^ 
gmneas^  The  highest-priced  femaletas  2 
of  his  daughters,  the  three-vear-olrl  r  i^  *u  ! 
brought  410  guineas.   The  "afloy "  cow  Co,   f 

r  """l°»''t«<"y  the  finest  ow  in  tl, Tie*' 
brought  400  guineas.*  *'''^' 

anusi  ail  the  .tmw-jaM,  were  ,m    M  Z  ^  "      '""  "'  "»  M)»l»ll« 


50 


A   HISTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


a  t- 


i  t 


The  Barmpton  sales.— Eight  years  after  the 
sale  of  the  Ketton  herd  Robert  Colling,  in  the 
year  1818,  made  a  partial  sale  of  his  stock,  and 

Mr.  Kingston,  the  auctioneer,  sold  the  cattle  by  the  sand-glass,  and  In  ac- 
cordance with  the  custom  of  the  time  received  about  five  guineas  for  the 
business,  the  work  of  the  sale  falling  more  on  the  owner  than  the  auction- 
eer. The  cattle  were  not  fed  up  for  the  sale,  but  kept  naturally,  and  sold 
when  they  were  In  great  condition  from  natural  keep. 

"The  KettOD  stock  at  this  time  Is  described  by  Mr.  Wright  as  of  great 
size  and  substance,  with  Hue,  long  hind  quarters;  the  space  from  the  hip  to 
the  rib  was  long  and  counteracted  by  abroad  back  and  high,  round  ribs. 
The  shoulders  of  the  males  were  upright,  and  the  knuckles,  or  shoulder 
points,  large  and  coarse— a  defect  not  so  apparent  in  the  females.  The  gen- 
eral contour,  or  side  view,  was  stately  and  imposing,  but  their  great  superi- 
ority consisted  In  their  extraordinary  inclination  to  fatten.  On  handling 
the  skin  was  loose  and  pliant,  and  the  feel  under  it  remarkably  mellow  and 
kind.  The  color  was  greatly  varied,  red,  red-and-white,  roan,  and  also 
white  being  found  In  the  same  kindred,  while  In  all  cases  of  close  affinity 
there  was  a  tendency  to  white,  with  red  ears  and  spots. 

"Many  of  the  cows  were  excellent  milkers,  giving  twelve  full  quarts  at 
a  meal.  Cherry,  the  first  lot,  was  one  of  them,  a  plain  cow  In  color,  red  and 
a  little  white,  whose  descendants  are  now  in  existence  in  the  neighborhood 
of  Stockton-on-Tees  and  Malton,  Yorks.  Countess  [alloy]  was  v  ndoubtedly 
the  finest  cow  tn  the  sale,  but  she  wanted  hair  and  milk;  in  character  she 
came  nearest  to  Mason's  style,  and  her  back  and  belly  formed  parallel 
lines.  She  produced  three  heifers  and  the  bull  Constellatio-i  (163),  in  Maj. 
Rudd'e  possession,  and  died  in  I81G.  Selina  [alloy]  had  the  style  of  her 
dam,  Countess,  but  not  her  magmflcent  appearance;  she  bred  ten  calves  at 
Denton  Park,  and  her  descendants  in  the  ninth  and  tenth  generations  are 
still  In  existence  at  Siddington,  Crloucestershire.  Lady  lacked  elegance. 
but  had  great  substance  and  good  hair;  In  color  she  was  red-and-whlte. 

"Lily,  pure  bred,  sold  to  Maj.  Rudd  for  4(tO  guineas  ($2,152),  a  splendid 
white  cow,  was  the  highest-priced  female,  but  did  nothing  In  Maj.  Rudd's 
possession.  Daisy,  a  small  roan  cow,  but  a  grand  milker,  waw  mo^.t  fruit- 
ful with  Maj.  Bower;  her  dam,  Old  Daisy,  who  gave  thirty-two  quarts  of 
milk  a  day,  had  been  sold  to  Mr.  Hustler,  who  bred  Fairy  from  her,  the  an- 
cestress of  Rev.  J.  D.  JefEcrson's  Lady  Abbesses.  This  Fairy  was  after- 
ward bought  by  Mr.  Bates,  who  reckoned  her  to  be  the  finest  specimen  of 
quality  imaginable;  she  had  a  long,  thick,  downy  coat,  with  a  superb  flesti 
underneath,  which  to  a  superficial  observer  appeared  hard,  the  cow  being 
in  a  rapidly  adv^anclng  condition.  Cora  [alloy],  out  of  the  lOO-guineas 
cow  Countess,  had  a  pretty  red  frame,  but  ugly  cock  horns,  and  was  re- 
sold to  Maj.  Bower,  who  bred  ten  calves  from  her.  Magdalene  was  a  llttte 
red  cow.  with  a  large  bag  and  belly  and  short  quarters;  although  the  dam 
of  the  celebrated  red-and-white  bull  Blyth  Comet  (85),  her  only  produce  be- 
sides Ossian  (476),  she  was  uot  first  rate,  and  wanted  hair,  yot  when  dry 
had  a  great  propensity  to  feed. 

"  The  only  cow  that  Charles  Coiling  reserved  was  Magdalena  [by  Comet, 
dam  by  Cupid],  a  gre,^t  favorite  and  an  extraordinarj'  milker,  giving  six- 


DEVELOPMENT  OF  THE  IMPEOVED  TYPE.   61 

ill  1820  the  closing  sale,  which  finished  his 

»<ile  in  1818  he  had  been  before  the  public  as 
.1  leading  and  prominent  breeder  thirty-eLM 
yeai-s,  and  at  his  final  sale,  in  1820,  forty  yea,u 

teen  quarts  twice  a  day.    MrWhftairo.^ 

let  him  have  her:  the  Lmeroua  and  w.n  f '^"^'^  ''^°"  ^'^^''les  Colllne  to 

from  this  cow.  "'neroua  and  well-known  '  Chaff  •  tribe  la  descended 

rh.;5:rs^dr;^r2^sr:;r^'^^'^'-'-«»>--^- 

iiot  aetract  from  ala  value  or  appe-trancp  Zl     /''^Orite'a  (252)  daml.  did 
be  the  best  bull  he  ever  bred  or  saw     n  '"^^^  ^°"*"^  '^'^^^^^'ed  him  to 

trejUnel,  w^th  a  fine  maseuSL  h:;d  b^rd^r  "^T'^'""'^''- ^«^-- '''•-^ 
wen  laid  back,  crops  and  loins  Jod  hind  ^t.^'"*  .^'^'^^  ^'•^''^t-  Bhoulders 
packed,  thighs  thick,  twist  full  and  wein.?^^  '°°^'  ^^'^^^^'^-  ^nd  well 
and  hind  legs.    He  had  falr-si"ed  horns  ea's Tar;:"';?''  ^''"^^^^^  ^-<^^^ 
dour  Of  style  and  carriage  that  was  ta™e;criMSfTf"''  ^''■^^''y-'nd  a  gran- 
bull  so  good  had  ever  before  been  seen  "Ih^^  1  ""^  ■'''"'"'^**  "^^*  "« 
said  that  they  never  again  saw  his  eqxnl    'f  "^^l"^"'  '^'■^eders  have  since 
•iiffered.    Some  few  objected  to  his  shoulder,  f  ^°'"*'  ''°^''^«'-'  "Pinions 
too  strong  In  the  knuckles:  others  asserted  1?^*  ^'"'"^  ^°°^'  "''  ^  "«le 
other  point,  faultless.    The  near  sbnn^rtl              ^^  "^'^^  ""^""e.  as  in  every 
emly  diseased,  Which  may  have  arSfr„rn  '!'f  "^"  ^^'"'^^  1°' ^'^ 
celved  When  a  calf.    When  broughMnto  Z  .if  '^'■"*"  ^'^^^  '^^  ^e- 
^un>eas.    Thomas  Newton,  a  smaH  daWnan  llZ  ^  "^^^  ''"*  "»  '•»*  «<» 
gumeas,  and  Mr.  John  Wright,  standini  b^sid^  ,     ^^^"''^  ^"^l^l^nd.  bid  850 
take  in  cows  at  a  good  profit,'  sa  d  he"  -fud  ^m^^""'  ^'^^'^  ^^^  ^e  bid?   'To 
at  1  000  guineas  («5,000).    Mr  JohrHuUon  '^  S   1'"''^'"^  *^^  ^'^^««  i"""  out 
tothesalcbid  1,600  guineas  for  him   is  welf^r^^^''"  ^'"^^  ""^^le  to  get 
was  delayed,  and  drove  up  just  a^Vh^T         ®^''  ^-  ^^"^  Tempest,  who 
located  at  Cleasby,  three  miles  froni  Da Hf'^'''"'  ^"^'^l"^"    C°'"et  was 
paddock,  With  a  loose  box  in  ?he  confer     t1'°°'  ""'  ^'^  ^^^^  in  a  sm.u! 
that  the  four  buyers  should  send  t^  v.'  .         '^""dition  of  purchase  was 
Mr.  Wright  was  .to  have  ore  emolZ^T^  ^^^^  """"^^^^  ^^0  him.  and 
meantime,  and  Comet  ^radu^Uly  sank    his  bnT\  ""'■  '^''^'''  "'^"^  '^  tSe 
Hemus(550)is  supposed  to  have  b^ri  ha  Hs/.^'f '^d"^  °"'  *»*«  «ores 
;;'■■'"  '""f'^'^'y  to  attend  to  Comet,  and  when  the  r^!L^l''  ^^'^^^^  "ept  a 
tl..'  center  of  the  paddock,  and  a  chest.Tut  treo  nf      1'"^  ''"  '""'^  ^'"'•led  in 
paddock  is  known  as  '  Comets  s-nrf  ^  .  r       ,        Planted  on  his  grave     Th,> 
.on  of  Stapleton  Purchased  U.^S^^rthrtrr.V"  ?''  '''■    ^r  Thorn- 
mous  Size  was  grubbed  up  on  the  3d  orFeS.'arTl  ^    ''Z'''^'"  *"  ^"  ''"°'- 
aui  bare;  his  rib  bone  measured  two  feet  onehli,   '  ''T  ^""'"^''^  ^^^eleton 
to  ankle  joint,  nine  inches  to  Ave  Inches  crcumfef'  ""'' ''"  ""^  '"'»«•  ^^nee 


52 


A    HISTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


During^  all  that  time,  like  his  brother  Charles, 
he  had  been  a  large  seller  of  stock  as  well  as  a 
considerable  purchaser.    He  sold  his  surplus 
animals  to  other  breeders,  through  which  the 
blood  of  many  of  his  best  animals  was  im- 
parted to  their  herds,  since  become  famous. 
Like  his  brother  Charles,  whenever  he   had 
found  a  well-bred  female  whose  superior  good 
qualities  pleased  him,  if  it  were  possible  he 
also  availed  himself,  by  purchase,  of  her  merits. 
As  with  the  sale  of  Charles  in  1810,  the  widely 
advertised  first  sale  of  Robert  in  1818,  with  a 
greater  number  of  animals,  brought  a  large 
attendance  of  the  most  spirited  breeders  of  Eng- 
land.   It  took  place  on  the  29th  and  30th  days 
of  September.    Sixty-one  cattle  were  sold  for 
£7,852  19s.,  an  average  of  £128  14s.  9d.    The 
top  price  was  621  guineas  for  the  four-year-old 

fully  as  fine  in  quality,  or  perhaps  rather  thicker,  though  not  such  a  per 
fectly  elegant  animal  as  Comet.  Young  Phoenix,  their  dam,  onl-  roduced' 
one  other  calf,  a  heifer,  that  died  young.  ""uceu 

"Major  (397),  a  nice  bull,  but  not  particularly  handsome,  and  of  a  red- 
and-whlte  color,  begot  much  good  stock  in  Lincolnshire  for  many  years 
He  was  hired  by  Mr.  John  Charge,  who  bred  Western  CoTiet  (689)  by  him" 
out  Of  Gentle  Kitty.  Western  Comet  was  acknowledged  to  be  the  bestCi 
and  finest  stock-getter  ever  brought  into  Cumberland.  He  was  used  to  his 
daughters  and  granddaughters,  and  from  this  close  alliance  came  the 
Wharfdale  tribe,  recently  so  successful  in  Ireland.  Petrarch  (183)  was  a 
splendid-looking  bull,  but  wanted  hair,  whilst  Northumberland  (464),  who 
had  big  knuckles,  was  used,  like  Ossian  (176)  in  Westmoreland,  for  several 
seasons,  both  becoming  celebrated  sires.  Ketton  (346)  also  showed  stronB 
knuckles  and  eventually  went  into  NottinghaniFlUre.  Albion  (14)  la  said  to 
have  done  more  good  than  any  other  bull  used  at  Killerby  fThoraas 
Booth  sj  Young  Duchess,  known  afterward  as  Duchess  1st  [bought  by 
Thomas  Bates],  was  a  flue  red  heifer  and  developed  into  a  large,  handsome 
cow.  with  a  good  deal  of  the  elegance  and  stylo  of  her  sire.  Comet.  She 
was  never  quite  so  splendid  an  animal  as  her  grandam,  the  Duehess.  by  the 


DBVEWPMENT  OF  THE  IMPROVED  TYPE.      53 

bull  Lancaster  (360).    Mr.  Booth  of  Killerbv 
pa:d  270  guineas  for  the  bull  calf  Pilot   496) 
Ihe  hnal  closmg-out  sale  of  the  herd  oc- 
curred Oct  3,  1820,  and  like  that  of  1818  at 

Kt  Tmn'T  ''''^  forty-six 'head 
7j  !?  u  ,  ^^^-  ^•^•'  an  average  of  £49  8s 
7d.,  the  highest  price  paid  being  350  guineas  bv 

n'ef(6^2rTh/T  I't  'rr^-'^''  '«""-- 
net  (bJ).     The  total  of   the  two    salp«   wao 

Mr'-JoVr^'-    «— *-«»POnthetpn"S 
Mr  John  Thornton,  than  whom  there  is  no 
higher  authority  in  England,  says:  "  Although 
the  avemge  of  the  Barmpton  sale,  1818  wis 
under  that  of    Ketton,  18W,  ther;  is  eVl^ 
eason  to  beheve  that  it  was  a  better  sale     l^ 
1810  things  were  at  war  price  and  everything 
high  whilst  m  1818  there  was  peace  and  VS 
eral  depression  upon  agriculture.    The  'alloy' 
blood,  too,  m  the  Ketton  stock  tended  to  nro- 

I  armpton.  The  bulls  are  said  by  Mr.  Wether- 
ell  to  have  been  the  finest  lot  he  ever  saw  at 
one  sale.  They  doubled  the  average  of  the 
cows  and,  taking  the  highest-pricfd  family 
at  Ketton  against  the  highest-priced  one  at 
Barmpton.  we  have  the  following  result  in  favor 
ot  the  Barmpton  stock:  At  Ketton  the  pZ. 
n.x  ribe,  sixteen  (including  Comet,  1,000  eai 
neas).  averaged  £221  3s.;  at  Bampt^nTe  led 
Rose  tribe,  eleven  (including  Lancaster  621 


Wf 

WT" 

»^ 

!  ;f; 


li 


!      )   Iv 


I    ■ 

t     \ 


54 


A    HISTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


guineas),  averaged  £269  3s.  6d.,  and  the  thirteen 
favorite  Wildairs  averaged  £142  17s.  6d." 

Pre-eminence  of  the  CoUings.— While  the 
Short-horn  history  of  this  particular  period 
must  deal  mainly  with  the  operations  of  the 
brothers  Colling,  it  will  of  course  be  understood 
that  they  had  many  intelligent  contemporaries. 
Whether  the  Collings  really  earned  the  right  to 
be  called  the  first  great  improvers  of  the  mod- 
ern Short-horn,  or  whether  they  gained  their 
fame  mainly  by  reason  of  the  novelty  of  their 
methods  and  their  superior  enterprise  as  adver- 
tisers, the  fact  remains  that  more  pedigrees  in 
the  Short-horn  herd  books  of  England  and 
America  trace  to  the  Colling  herds  than  to  any 
other  dozen  herds  of  the  same  period  combined. 
Manifestly  there  was  some  good  reason  for  the 
general  adoption  of  Colling  blood.    That  the 
breeders  of  that  day  conceded  leadership  to  the 
breeder  of  Foljambe,  Favorite  and  Comet  is  in- 
dicated by  a  testimonial  tendered  Charles  Col- 
ling on  his  retirement  from  breeding  in  1810— 
a  valuable  pieqe  of  plate  bearing  the  following 
inscription: 

PRESENTED  TO 

MR.   CHARLES   COLLING, 

THE  QBKAT  IMPROVEU  OF  THE  SHOBT-HOBNED  BIlEEl)  OF  CATTLE, 
BYTHEBUEEDEUS 

(Upivarda  of  fifty), 

WHOSE  NAMES  AUK  ANNEXED, 

&S  A  TOKEN  OF  GRATITUDE   DUE  EOlt  THE   BENEFIT  THEY  HATE  DERIVED 

FROM    HIS   JUDGMENT,  AND   ALSO   AS   A    TESTIMONY    OF 

THFJB   ESTEEM   FOR  HIM  AS  A    MAN. 

1810. 


tiirteen 

ile  the 
period 
of  the 
srstood 
raries. 
Lght  to 
3  mod- 
[  their 
"  their 
adver- 
•ees  in 
i  and 
:o  any 
bined. 
or  the 
.t  the 
fcothe 
is  in- 
sCol- 
810— 
)wini^ 


rLE, 


•EBIVBD 


THOS.   BOOTH,   OF  KILLERBY. 


(From  phofograj'h  of  painting,  lefirodu.cJ  by  loiiiti-sy  of  Richani  ]i:^oth,  Flsif.., 
\\'avloh,\  North  Allcrton.  England.) 


CHAPTER    III. 


FOUNDATIONS  OF  THE  BOOTH  HEEDS. 

Free  cse  of  tlie  Colling  blood  was  made  in 

hm-7l,rf  r       r"f  .""Portance  in  the  Short- 

M  ^  ?u  "*^  '^''*"'"-^'  l'"*  "f  '^U  those  who 
aval  ed  themselves  directly  of  the  immwe" 
".ent  wrought  at  Ketton  and  Barm  Z  the 
BaSf  Ph"?  t'«\('n>omas)  Booth  Thomas 

Jonas  WhSf'f'''''  ^"'°"'  ^'"^•'  ^1^«"«»  ^"d 
0  as  Wh  taker  are  among  the  most  conspic- 

>oas.    Indeed,  one  of  the  first  things  learned 

Z^Z^^  11'  "P  *''«  «*"''y  "f  the  Short- 
r«  ^''*  *''*'  ^'"'  "P^"''  "f  half  a  cen- 
uiy  the  main  question  in  the  minds  of  a  large 

1  iCt°"  "'  ?''  '''•^""'^^■'  °"  both  sides  the 
t  e^«  »  T'  t"  ''^^''^  '"^'^"  whether  to  adopt 
t.ie  Dates  or  the  Booth  line  of  breeding  As  a 
■imttero  fact,  the  cattle  bequeathed  origina  !y 
Z  *h«  Mess'-s.  Booth  and  Thomas  Bates  were 
..questionably  of  the  highest  o  ler  of  merit 

;SV,7T"*'"^  ^  *"-  disthiguS 
a  hss  of  "  H,*1'\'f '  ^"''  '''^^h  and  the  latter 
se  h"  mu  h  ?^  *'''  ^'"^'H>>"Tose  sort,  pos- 
Im  h  P^r  'r'^"'''"'^"*  «f  character  and  un- 
^'""''ted  quality.    I„  each  case  the  stock  repre- 

(68)  ^ 


>.  0'--  -  M 


56 


A  HISTORY  OF  SHORT-HORN  CATTLE. 


sented  a.  remarkable  concentration  of  blood, 
possessed  a  singular  uniformity  in  general 
characteristics  and  displayed  remarkable  pre- 
potency when  crossed  upon  cattle  of  mixed  or 
miscellaneous  breeding.  In  the  "  craze "  that 
set  in  for  stock  of  one  or  the  other  of  these 
two  great  rival  types  both  naturally  suffered 
from  the  very  popularity  that  gave  them  prom- 
inence. Speculators,  as  distinguished  frr"i 
constructive  breeders,  appeared  upon  the  scene 
and  a  traffic  in  ''fashionable  pedigrees"  sprang 
up  which  finally  ended  in  disastei*  both  to  the 
breed  and  to  those  who  recklessly  persisted  in 
their  mad  career  of  in-and-in  or  "line"  breed- 
ing, with  its  inevitable  dangers  intensified  by 
the  retention  for  breeding  purposes  of  all  ani- 
mals, good,  bad  and  indifferent,  that  could  trace 
descent  direct  from  Bates  or  Booth  sources. 
Particularly  was  this  true  of  the  Bates  Short- 
horns. The  story  of  the  rise  and  extension  of 
the  Booth  and  Bates  power  forms  one  of  the 
most  important  parts  of  the  Short-horn  history 
of  the  nineteenth  century;  and  a  knowledge 
of  the  main  facts  connec^<:^d  therewith  is  as 
essential  as  it  may  be  useful  to  those  who  are 
now  engaged  in  the  breeding  of  Short-horn 
cattle.  We  therefore  next  take  up  the  narra- 
tive of  the  origin  of  these  two  dominant  vari- 
eties, with  incidental  references  to  the  work  of 
other  early  breed-builders. 


FOUNDATIONS  OF  THE  BOOTH  HEKI.S.         57 

The  elder  Booth.-Thos.  Booth,  the  founder 
o!  the  grouj,  of  tribes  that  still  b;ar  his  name 
vviis  the  owner  of  the  beantifni  v„  i   u  ' 

(>r  KillPvlw  in  7i     t  "f^"*"">  Yorkshire  estate 

Oollingsan/nrr.raU-of'hTorhrrtSnt!:'' 

mnes  Mr.  Booth  endeavored  to  solve  tftb" 

em  of  how  to  refine  the  old  Teeswater  stock" 

He  realized  the  faults  of  the  prevailL  tvt 

7   T„r°"«'   "'«  fl^^t   to   con3  tS 

terThe^^n'''*''  f'P  -'J  «-  BaSl  '^. 

ong-souit  unf  i"'  "^"''''^'^  >>''  »P«"  the 
lit!.       1  °*  progression.    Unlike  Mr 

Bates  and  many  other  breeder  of  the  t  me  he 
did  not  deem  it  essential,  however  to  T„'  t! 
Kettonand  Barmpton  for'femXto  carfy  on 
his  experiments.  He  had  an  idea  that  by  crosT 
mg  moderate-sized,  strongly-bred  CoIlinrK T 
^0,1  laiKe-framed,  roomy  cowfshowSf  great 
constitution  and  an  aptitude  to  fatten  hfcouM 
mp.-ove  even  upon  the  work  of  the  ColSs 
iothis  extent,  therefore  he  mn<*t  ho  „    ""^j 

er  breedeis.    Moreover,  the  outcome  revealed 

hat  he  possessed  quite  as  much  skill  as  he  h'^ 

independence  of  character.  -      ^^^ 

The  first  of  the  "  improved  "  or  Pniii^     u  n 
-lected  for  this  purpofell  T^i'tofhert 


58 


A   HISTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN   OATTLE. 


ill 

\  1 

M  1 

i:!: ! 

/  :  i 
■1 

'  1 

i  :J 

'■ 

Ben  (060)  ai'-l  one  of  his  sons,  both  bred  by 
Robert  Colling.  This  brought  in  a  strong  in- 
fusion of  the  blood  of  Hiibback,  through  Punch 
(531)  and  Foljambe  (2f);r),in  addil  ion  to  which 
the  grandam  of  Twin  Brother  to  Ben  went  to 
Hubback  direct. 

The  Fairholme  experiment.— Among   Mr. 
Booth's  earlier  selections  were  Ave  heifer  calves 
from  a  set  of  cows  owned  by  a  Mr.  Broader  of 
Fairholme,  a  dairy  farmer  and  tenant  of  Lord 
Harewood  in  the  pni-ish  of  Ainderby;  one  of 
which— Fairholme  hy  name-  became  the  an- 
cestress of   several  illustrious  families.    The 
d;ims  of  these  calves  were  described  as  "fine 
cattle;  good  dairy  cows  and  great  grazers  when 
dry;  somewhat  incompact  in  frame  and  steer- 
ish  in  appearance,  but  of  very  robust  constitu- 
tion."     Mr.  Booth    evidently   put   substance 
ahead  of  points  of  less  practical  importance, 
and  from  the  very  first  regarded  flesh -making 
capacity  and  breadth  of  back  and  loin  of  more 
value  than  persistent  flow  of   milk.     While 
there  were  some  cows  of  marked  dairy  capacity 
in  his  original  herd,  they  soon  acquired  a  dis- 
position to  *'dry  off"  quickly  and  put  on  great 
wealth  of  flesh,  a  trait  wb^ch  ever  afterward 
distinguished  the  best  of  the  Booth  cattle. 

The  result  of  the  use  of  the  Colling  bulls 
upon  the  Fairholme  heifers  fni.iUed  all  expect- 
ations.   From  this  " nick ''  descended  the  Fair- 


F0CNDATI0N8  OF  THE  BOOTH   HERDS.         59 

holme  or  Blossom  tribe,  the  oJd  Booth  Red 
Ko«o  nbe  and  the  Ariaduo  or  Bri.dU  j'ves 
tn he,  from  which  um,i„  „  jjuoUl   j.yes 

„f  tl  n  If  ill  ^'°"P  came  some  of  the  best 
nt  the  KiUerl.y  and  Warlaby  cattle,  among 
"ther  the  noted  Twin  cow  (by  Alb  on  her 
sou  Navigator  and  a  score  of  great  show  ™t! 
tie.  mcludmg  such  celebrities  as  Bloom!  Plum 

lossom    Nectarine   Blossom,  VenmVkrS 
Huron  Warlaby  and  AVindsor  ' 

Some  foundation  sires.-The  first  Collins 

n.  low  (636),  also  of  Barmpton  breeding  and 

the  work  of  crossing  these  bulls  upon  carefully 
selected  cows  ot ,  liffereiit  origin  was  continued 
At  Charles  Collmg's  sale  in  1810  the  lieht  rmn 
ouU  calf  Albion  (14)  wa.  purchased  for  ^xty 
guineas,  and  it  is  said  that  he  effected  even 
«.euter  improvome„t  in  the  herd  than  the  Ben 
Lulls  or  Suworrow.  His  get  were  uniformly 
.ound-ribbed  and  stood  near  to  the  ground     He 

Uloy     through  Washington  (674).    Another 
ot   he  early  si>  .  was  Pilot  (496)   of  RobeS 

ritl,  t-    w    T.l^  ^"'"^'''■"  also  overflowing 
vyith  the  blood  of  Favorite  (252).    Still  more  nf 

«?,  fS  rV,"T'  "-ughtha 
lieiesto  d  (415),  bred  by  Maj.  Bower,  a  brother- 


60 


A  HISTORY  OF  SHORT-HORN  CATTLE. 


in-law  of  Mr.  Booth's,  from  Comet  (155)  and 
Charles-  CoUing's  Daisy. 

Great  care  was  taken  in  mating  the  animals 
to  try  and  breed  out  defects  and  establish  de- 
sired characteristics;  and  having,  by  a  judicious 
course  of  selection  and  the  use  of  strongly-bred 
Colling  bulls,  acquired  a  good  degree  of  uni- 
formity in  essential  points,  the  Bakewell  idea 
of  breeding  from  close  affinities  was  success- 
fully adopted.  No  sooner  had  the  successful 
issue  of  the  cross  of  the  first  Colling  bulls  upon 
the  Fairholme  and  other  cows  become  apparent 
than  Mr.  Booth  began  concentrating  the  blood 
of  their  progeny.  Sir  Henry  (597)  and  his  son 
Lame  Bull  (859)  and  Young  Albion  (15)  were 
among  the  earlier  sires  representing  the  fruits 
of  Mr.  Booth's  first  inbreeding. 

The  Halnaby  or  Strawberry  tribe.  — An- 
other foundation  dam  was  a  yellow-red  and 
white  cow  that  appealed  to  Mr.  Booth's  prac- 
ticed eye  in  the  Darlington  market  about  1797. 
She  was  bought  and  crossed  with  Colling  blood, 
and  became  the  matron  of  a  celebrated  family. 
The  first  named  cow  in  the  maternal  line  was 
Halnaby,  by  Lame  Bull  (359).  Bred  to  Albion 
(14)  she  produced  the  noted  stock-getter  Young 
Albion  (15),  the  first  of  the  Booth-bred  bulls  to 
be  let  out  on  hire,*  a  practice  which  afterward 

♦Young  Albion,  according:  to  Carr,  "went  to  Mr.  Scroope's  of  Danby 
Hall,  near  Mlddleham,  who  had  a  fine,  larf7.\  robust  herd  of  cattle,  related 
through  some  of  the  bulls  uaed  to  the  Colllog  blood.   In  1812  the  Sauire  of 


FOUNDATIONS  OF  T„K   BOOTH   „e„d«.         fil 

liocaine  a  settled  nolicv  in  th^  ^ 

nto  great  s.res  that  would  otherwise  have  been 

I  M  111  the  Halnabys  also  came  the  bulls  Ropk 

.n,l.am  and  Priam,  the  latter  sire  o    the  re-" 

.owned  show  "twins"  Necklace  and  Bracelet 

I  "this  same  foundation  also  trace  the  Bianca 

ami  Br.de  Elect  sort.    The  famous  cow  Whit^ 

MedZ   Red  i«       *';\*''<=««t'-ess  of  Monk, 
fofV     ;  i      ■   °'^®'  ''"''  ^^^  "queenly"  auar 
t  e  of  daughters-Queen  of  the  May  Queen 
Mab  Queen  of  the  Vale  and  Queen  of  the  Ocea 
-all  by  Crown  Prince.    Young  Matchem  (4422) 

Young   Albion,  and   the   same   family  save 

Thomas  Booth  at  Darlington  martet      '  '" 

from  onf  ofit  Tl'''^  ^''""y  ^"^^  derived 
turn  one  ot  the  he.fers  sired  by  Suworrow 

Danby  challenged  Mr.  Thomas  Bnnt>,  ♦«  oi, 

um.nl  B.akes  at  that  clay  beZ  ru?n!  «  I  °'^'  "  '°'"  "'^^  ^"^'^  ^O^en  "  (the 
lot  Of  Heifers  ho  had  aK^lnHt  the  bTL  l''"^  "  ^*'"""  ""'  ^l'i«>-  t^e  be8^ 
decldec,  at  Bedale.  Al^^hough  t  ,oono?re  d7!;  'l'^'"'  '""^  ^''^'^  *°  "« 
Klllerby  and  Warlaby  conttageat/ •  ^^^  ^^  *°  ^'^«  »la°«^  to  tli« 


.«nJE?^'\ 


62  A   HISTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


i':    ! 


Nothing  is  known  of  the  cow  from  which  she 
was  bred,  but  the  Suworrovv  heifer  became  the 
ancestress  of  a  fine  cow,  Countess,  dropped  in 
1812  to  the  cover  of  Albion,  from  whence  de- 
scended Toy,  the  dam  of  Necklace  and  Brace- 
let, those  twin  tributes  to  the  greatness  and 
genius  of  the  Booths  as  cattle-breeders.  From 
the  same  source  also  came  Col.  Towneley's 
Pearly  and  Mr.  Torr's  Young  Bracelet  family. 

The  earlier  representatives  of  these  Fair- 
holme,  Halnaby  and  Bracelet  tribes  constituted 
Thomas  Booth's  breeding  herd  at  Killerby  up 
to  the  year  1814,  by  which  time  he  had  acquired 
a  reputation  as  a  skillful  improver  second  to 
none.  At  that  early  date  the  modern  system 
of  high-feeding  for  the  show-yards  had  not  yet 
come  into  vogue."  The  breeding  cows  at  Kil- 
lerby were  on  pasture  the  greater  portion  of 
the  year,  and  were  wintered  mainly  on  hay. 
Heifers  were  put  to  breeding  at  an  early  age — 
generally  calving  as  two-year-olds. 

Richard  Booth  at  Studley. — In  the  year 
1814  Richard,  son  of  Thomas  Booth,  leased  the 
farm  of  Studley,  some  fifteen  miles  south  of 
Killerby,  near  Ripon,  and  began  breeding  Short- 
horns on  his  own  account.  He  had  been  a  close 
student  of  his  father's  methods,  and  at  Studley 
carried  the  Booth  stock  to  even  greater  perfec- 

•C;irr  t.ays  tliiit  Mr.  Crofton  was  tho  first  to  Introduce  tlic  Idea  of  "train- 
ing" Short-horns  for  show— "house-feeaing  cows  and  heifers  in  summer 
months." 


tion 
]\.irc 
).-  L 
Ariai 
levt 
Th 
bred 
ijiark 
cept  1 
iiurdc 
tilted 
jndgn 
remai 
ters," 
iioted 
school 
brimm 
Aganif 
blood, 
mated 
bella,  s 
and  to 
hev  rac 

'Anna  \ 
from  .Studio 
and  proiluel 
a  c'liiso  ivsit: 
liiide,  tlio  hii 
tri'aiid.'im  of 
Youii^'- Anna 
daiitrliter  of 
Ag-aiuomnon 
Ntano(',g-ood 
tSpuakin 
10  tho  rulus  ( 


FOUNDATIONS   OF  THE   BOOTH  HERDS.  63 

tio.i  than  it  had  .yet  uttainej  at  Killerhv  He 
r  "■;'l'*i»ed  from  his  father  the  cow  Brighi  Ever 
■  >ame  Bull  and  her  two  heifers  by  Albbn- 
Anadne  and  Agnes.  Ariadne  becanie  at  Stud- 
ley  tlie  dam  of  the  famous  Anna  by  Pilot  * 

;  ,  ^f^/^^''^"^^;,^'"^  great  Studleytnbe  was 
lued  from  another  one  of  those  Darlington 
iiia  ket  cows-a  roan  of  nntraced  breedin/ex" 

iinidon.      Her  color  and  her  quality  consti- 
tuted her  passport  into  Richard  Booth's  good 
judgment.    She  is  said  to  have  possessed  "a 
reuiarkab  y  ample  development  of    ^-e  quai 
tei..    and  Mr.  Bruere,  who  afterwarf  biTd  a 

::ooi  ^af i?,r?.tc^^^^^^ 

^■■innnin^  pails^T  I -l^S  ^v::-' B^  dt 

Agamemnon  (9),  of  the  Killerby  Bright  Eyes 

T  ;  ^''.!,P;?;l"'=«'l  tl'e  "White  Cow/'  which 

S  sot :   ""''  'T"""  '•"'*'  "-towels     - 
Uella,  so  long  remembered  in  show-field  annnl. 

h;^^"^^^''""''''^-'^^-^-^  Sect's 

•■t  H„8o  .vso.nblanee  to  Queen  of  th"  Oce         «,,  ^^"'J^'ia^^ia  to  have  borne 

*r.au.l:Hu  of  Mr.  Storofa  Princess  J  11 ,  "1°  ^'"^.^'"^  «'^1«  *"  1834,  and  w.a  the 
Yuung  Anna,  were  de.scendlHU:^  :  Mr  Ws  /l^  n!'""'^'"  ^-rdunghter 
^laiigl.ter  of  Bright  E.va,  came  Mr  F.fi^^.f'  v  h  "''^'  '''"'  ^'•"'"  Afe'ues, 
Agauiomnon,  :m  own  brother  of  Ar'i;,dne  w  i«  -•!"  k*"^?  ""'*  '"""  ^^escenUants. 
sta„c,.,goo,l  hind  cuarters,  heavy  Hsde-'MMwi^l  "/  ^'^'''^''^'-dlo^'-y  Bub- 
tspeaking  of  Isabella.  Mr.  cirr  ", vs     ''p  'i""*  ^""^"^ered  hlpe.- 


lai 


64 


A   HISTORY  OF   SHORT-HORN  CATTLE. 


It  is  said  that  "  Isabella  and  her  descendants 
brought  the  massive  yet  exquisitely  molded 
fore  quarters  into  the  herd,  and  also  the 
straight  underline  of  the  belly,  for  which  the 
Warlaby  animals  are  so  remarkable,"  and  the 
same  authority,  Mr.  Carr,  adds:  "That  such  a 
cow  should  have  had  but  three  crosses  of  blood 
is  striking  evidence  of  the  impressive  efficacy 
of  these  early  bulls,  and  confirms  Mr,  R.  Booth's 
opinion  that  four  crosses  of  really  first-rate 
bulls  of  sterling  blood  upon  a  good  market  cow 
of  tho  ordinary  Short-horn  breed  should  suffice 
for  the  production  of  an  animal  with  all  the 
characteristics  of  the  high-caste  Short-horn." 
Isabella  produced  among  other  celebrities  the 
Royal  prize-winning  Isabella  Buckingham;  and 
of  all  the  cows  owned  by  Richard  Booth  at  the 

the  two  best  covvb  of  their  day,  with  a  blooming'  bevy  of  fair  heifers, 
attended  by  Young  Albion;  and  many  a  traveler  lingered  on  his  way  to 
admire  tlie;.r  buxom  forms,  picturing  to  himself,  perhapti.  how  the  monks 
of  the  old  abbey  would  have  gloried  in  such  beeves.  Isabella  was  tho  Rev. 
Henry  Berry's  beau  ideal  of  a  Short-horn.  In  1823,  Sir  Charles  Morgan  hav- 
>'ig  offered  a  premium  to  promote  a  trial  of  merit  between  Herefords  and 
Short-horns,  Mr.  Berry  wrote  to  the  cdu or  of  the  farmers'  Journal  request- 
ing him  to  give  publicity  to  the  following  offer:  'I  will  produce  as  a  com- 
petitor for  Sir  Charlee  Morsran's  premium  at  Christmas  next  a  Shortrhomed 
tow,  then  nine  yenrs  old,  expecting  to  drop  her  eighth  living  calf  (at  sepa- 
rate births)  :  n  June  now  nest  ensuhi?,  against  any  Hereford  in  England 
seven  or  nine  years  old  having  had  oiilves  for  years  in  the  same  proportion. 
I  will  also,  or,  the  same  occasion,  produce  a  Short-horn  lieifer  three  yeara 
old,  having  had  a  living  calf,  allowing  to  the  Horeforda  the  same  ample 
scope— all  Enfrland  —for  the  production  of  a  competitor.  It  will  be  Obvloua 
to  your  readers  that  in  thua  pitting  two  individuals  against  so  numerous  a 
tribe  as  the  H'.erefords  I  must  entertain  considerable  conlidence  in  their 
merits,  and  it  yMI  be  as  easy  to  draw  a  correct  conclusion  should  my  offer 
not  be  accepted .'  The  cow  and  heifer  which,  by  permission  of  the  owners, 
Mr.  Berry  proposed  bringing  into  competition  with  the  Herefords  were  Mr. 
Whitaker'R  cow  Moss  Rose  and  Mr,  Booth's  heifer  Is.-ibella,  by  Pilot.  The 
challenge  was  v  ot  taken  up," 


time  ( 
alone 
where 
heifer 
breed( 
tendei 

sides  ] 

Isabel] 

"Own 

whose 

proved 

A  M 

from  J 

of  a  tri 

tion  of 

They  \\ 

when  r 

descend 

that  wa 

Probs 
were  Pi 
Ca3sar(l 
out  of  o; 


» 


FOUNDATIONS   OF  THE   BOOTH   HERDS.  65 

time  of  the  Stndley  sale  of  1834  she  (Isabella) 
alone  was  retained  and  transferred  to  Warlabv 
where  she  produced  in  her  eighteenth  year  the 
heifer  Isabella  Matchem,  that  proved  a  prolific 
breeder.    The  entire  family  was  noted  for  its 

White  Cow '  by  Agamemnon,  produced  be- 
sides Isabella  Lady  Sarah  and  "Own  Sister  to 
Isabella,  and  was  then  sold  to  Mr.  Paley.  The 
'Own  Sister"  became  the  dam  of  Blossom 
whose  daughter  Medora-sold  to  Mr.  Fawkes- 
proved  an  extraordinary  breeder  * 

A  Marshal  Beresford  cow,  Madame,  ta^en 
from  Killerby  to  Studley,  became  the  matron 
of  a  tribe  that  made  up  an  important  propo:  ■ 
tion  of  the  stock  sold  at  the  dispersion  of  18a4 
They  were  good  milkers  and  ripened  quickly 
when  not  nursing  calves.    They  were  largely 
descended  thi-ough  a  cow  called  Miss  Foote 
that  was  from  Fair  Maid,  a  daughter  of  Madame' 
Probably  the  two  best  bulls  used  at  Studlev 

0*sai(1143)thelatterasonofYoungAlbiona5) 
out_ot  one  of  the  Killerby  Bed  lioses  by  AMon 

*  A  writer  In  Bells  Memnger.  probably  Mv  WIllf-,m  w-,„c 
of  this  cow.  said :    '-A  gentleman  whnhnaAl'.  Houeman  flpeakln? 

Of  Great  Britain  for  at  U  aTarlr  o^  f  cSrTrT""'  ^"'^  *^«  '^^'"'^^ 
n.ost  interostm.  sl.l.ts  he  evtr\l^%1  a^a^  SSrT::h^Si''"^  °^  "''^ 
the  show  prouiKl  at  Otlev  soire  vfv.ro  n„^      v  exhibition  was  on 

fanious  Booth  cow  MrKirbrAnir^sTed?'^  '^"  ^"''^"'^-  ^^e 

her  SIX  daughters.  .11  of  ih-n^  as  veil  as  tie  moth"'  T  ''"'•  '°'^«^^^  ''^ 
favors.  The  daughters  were  Guh  a  e.  Ha^.fec  °  ,d  z-flH^wf  T'  ""'"'^ 
Victoria  and  Fair  Mai.:  of  Ath<>nH  rhv  q..  r^t  ^ulelka  (by  Norfolk); 

uamedM,vrrha.  b.v  Rockingham  (W  '  ^""'''^'  ^''"^  ^  ''^'^^^ 


66 


A   HISTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


(14).  Tliis  \/as  called  a  very  evenly-built  bull, 
and  he  proved  exceedingly  prepotent,  a  fact 
w^hich  is  not  surprising  in  view  of  his  strong 
breeding.  He  traced  six  times  to  Thos.  Booth's 
Twin  Brother  to  Ben.  Pilot  proved  a  great 
stock  bull  in  all  three  of  the  Booth  herds.  As 
already  stated,  he  was  also  very  closely  bred. 
He  was  let  for  a  time  to  Mr.  Rennie,  but  his 
stock  developed  such  extraordinary  merit  that 
lie  was  recalled  and  freely  used.  He  was  a 
small,  compact  bull,  much  inclined  to  put  on 
flesh. 

As  already  noted,  the  herd  at  Studley  was 
closed  out  in  1884.  This  step  was  greatly  re- 
gretted in  later  years  by  Mr.  Richard  Booth,  but 
Mrs.  Lawrence,  the  proprietress  ot  Studley,  re- 
quired some  of  the  best  pastures  i'or  other  pur- 
poses, and  there  seemed  no  other  course  open 
but  a  sale  of  the  herd.  Mr.  Booth  then  retired 
to  Sharrow,  near  Ripon,  until  the  following 
year,  when  he  succeeded  to  his  father's  he  ;d  at 
Warlaby. 

John  Booth  at  Killerby. — In  1819,  upon  the 
occasion  of  the  marriage  of  his  son  John  (brother 
to  Ricba^'l),  Mr.  Thomas  Booth  gave  up  Kil- 
lerby and  a  portion  of  the  herd  to  the  former, 
and  removed  to  his  other  farm,  Warlaby,  near 
Northallerton,  taking  with  him  to  that  place 
a  draft  from  the  Fairholme  (or  Blos.som)  and 


I 


FOUMATIONS   OP   THE   BOOTH   HSRDS.  67 

the  old  Ret?  Rose  tribes     Ti,«  t5        i  , 

.11  left  for  the  so^  at  Kille,%  «  ""''' 

about' IH^'w  ''"rl.'"^  *™"^  -820  down  to 
about  1835  was  not  characterized  bv  thn  «.m! 
widespread  interest-   in    «i,    I,     "'^  "^lie  same 

«.at  Ld  prevSf  foTtwXS  ";:f 
'lunng  those  years.    Fox-hu„th,g  see J^'fo 

=Kx*th-r^:ii£*5 

a  verse  circumstances,  aL\t„rttseth: 

Mess,^.  Booth  and  Mr.  Bates  were  dfstinluisl  ed 

or  then- pertinacity  and  skill.  As  w hat  mav  h« 

termed  the  more  modern  history  o7the  "ooths 

ationsatKinerbt:Stb?:f;?/rnn;; 
bring  down  to  a  similar  date  riS'-!l    .r        , 

"ncleitaUen  by  Tiiomas  B^SoiSThi 
contemporaries.  "^^ 

eminence  to  the  aouth  of  tho  river  stniJ^n?'  ""^^  ''"^''^^'^*^  "»  'i  ^^'eutle 
«lt."  Of  the  on<.e  lniport;n.t  Romun^^!:'^,'^^ 

hons..  occupies  the  8lte  of  fhe  a  c  ent  Zt'lo  of'^'^^f '  ^'^''''''^ctonlu.n.  The 
0  ..vat  m....„uucie,  founded  inS^^^^^Z^^^T^^'T''''  '^  '^^on.^om 
E.irl  o  Arundel.  It  is  approac'.,  .a  b;  i  ro  .d  v^i  L  ^^  '^""  '''''^"  ^"^^^^an, 
t..n.s  thrown  tof^ether  in  the  f,  .m  c'  na  ,Z  '',  'k  ™"^*^  ^^'-^'^t  P^S" 
noblP  elm  and  walnut  treos  I'h/  IJl  '  ?'''"^''  '^^''^  ''"d  therv  with 
arable  and  pasture  iuud.' -Oai    ^i,;  "^"^^°'«'  °^  '^"-^-^t  600  acres  of 


I 


CHAPTER    IV. 


THOMAS  BATES  AND  THE  DUCHESSES. 

"A  wonderful,  wonderful  man!    He  might 
become  anything-  even  Prime  Minister— if  he 
would  not  talk  so  much."   Such  was  Earl  Spen- 
cer's jocular  but  nevertheless  close-fitting  char- 
acterization of   Thomas  Bates.     Conspicuous 
among  all  those  who  exercised  powerful  indi- 
vidual influence  upon  the  fortunes  of  the  breed 
after  the  dawn  of  the  nineteenth  century;  par- 
tially contemporary  in  time  with  the  Ceilings, 
although  much  younger  in  years,  the  unique 
and  interesting  personality  of  Mr.  Bates  was 
first  projected  into  the  field  of  Short-horn  cat- 
tle-breeding about  the  year  1800.    From  the 
date  of  his  death  in  1849  for  a  period  of  about 
a  quarter  of  a  century  cattle  bearing  the  Bates 
blood  were  one  of  the  great  factors  in  the 
Short-horn  trade  not  only  of  England  but  of 
the  United  States  as  well.    During  that  period 
so  great  was  the  demand  for  animals  descend- 
ing from  his  favorite  Duchess  tribe  that   a 
range  of  speculative  values  unheard  of  before 
or  since  was  for  a  tin.e  established,  the  climax 

m 


THOS.  BATES,  OF  KIEKLEVIN6TON 


Ruglaiuu) 


being 
N.  Y 

->!!40,6( 

family 

•Di 

power 

world, 

dreds 

far-rea 

t'ortuiK 

able  sj 

bow  he 

for  the 

be  the  i 

Injudic: 

for  brei 

within  1 

tribes,  i 

the  evi 

iilators, 

Thomas 

with  his 

attained 

the  Kirk 

ei  nation 

Moreove] 
terity. 

Early 
Aydon  Ci 
age  of  U 


THOMAS   BATES  AND  THE   DUCHESSES  69 

world,  fashioning  the  tvl  of     ;/;T  ^"«'^«« 
ilreds  of  herd,     n     ^^        ''''**'*  ^^^^ '« hun- 

for  the  prer/a  i^n'ofXtt  t^^  f " 
be  the  best  of  all  the  eariv  li,  .  t^'^"""-^  *" 
'"judicious  in-and-t   breidil   tt  °''".  '"°°''- 

»ilhbl.  aS  '  i'if  '»•»  'Kt.  co„„cM 

Early  studies  in  cattle-breedine     B„ 

Aydon  Castle,  Northumberia^SvTs  „  "  h ' 
age  of  twenty-five  Bates  leased  thSe.S 


70 


A   HISTOH!^   OB'   SHORT-HORN   OATTLB. 


farm  and  estate  of  lialton  Castle,  a  few  miles 
distant  from  his  birtiiplace.  This  was  in  the 
Tyneside  country,  just  west  of  Newcastle. 
First  adopting  West  Higl'land  cattle  for  graz- 
ing and  fattening  purpos(3S  he,  lilce  many  other 
intelligent  farmers  of  that  day,  w^as  deeply  im- 
pressed by  the  exhibition  of  fat  Short-horn 
stock  of  the  Colling  blood.  It  apiiuirs  that  the 
young  man  had  gained  a  considerable  knowl- 
edge of  the  Teeswater  cattle  before  making  his 
first  investments  in  them.  After  the  fashion 
of  the  time  he  was  in  the  habit  of  visiting  Dar- 
lington on  market  or  "  fair "  days,  and  there 
met  many  of  the  most  prominent  Short-horn 
breeders  of  the  period.  These  markets  were 
held  on  Mondays  and  provided  an  admirable 
opportunity  for  study  and  comparison.  One 
can  readily  appreciate  the  value  to  a  beginner 
in  breeding  of  such  a  school  as  was  provided  by 
these  Yarm  and  Darlington  fairs.  Mr.  Mason 
of  Chilton,  the  Joblings,  the  CoUings,  Maynard 
of  Eryholmc,  the  elder  Booth,  and  many  other 
experienced  men  were  in  the  throng  of  those 
who  constituted  the  Short-horn  ''Senate"  at 
the  King's  Head  and  the  Black  Bull  Inn. 
Those  market  ffirs  of  a  hundred  years  ago, 
from  whence  sprang  the  Royal  and  Smithfield 
Shows,  as  well  as  our  American  State  fairs,  fur- 
nished the  first  great  stimulus  to  Short-horn 
improvement  and  were  the  means  of  enlisting 


the  i 
fue  br 
lar-rej 
iiecess 
times. 
Bat€ 
l)egan 
lieteroj 
constit 
Ix'ing  1 
type, 
luirnin; 
:il)peal 
power, 
at  theii 
seized  i: 
rial  the 
the  bus 
Charles 
or  with 
to  Monc 
Darlingi 
held  at  i 
in  1799 
exhibitec 
astoundi 
the  brigli 
otheiivisi 
breeding 
was  med 


THOMAS   BATES   ANP   THE    DUCHESSES.  71 

the  i  -terest  of  the  farmers  ,f  all  Eu^U,,,]  i„ 
J»ebre...l,afactwhfH  .ves  to  ell,,' £  |  ^ 
hu-reach,„g  importance  of  .«ch  events  and  t  e 
ZIT^       «"I.porting  them   heartily  at  all 

Hates  was  a  keen  observer  at  the  time  he 
hegan  fre<,uontins  these  ninrket-places     The 
licterogoueou .  mixture  that  had  up  to  this  iuZ 
constituted  the  old  Teesw     .rbree'wutXX 
...ng  fused  into  something  like  a  homogeneous 
y  >e.    The  fires  about  the  refining  crucible  were 
hurmng  brightly-especially  at  Ketton,  where 
.ppeal  had  been   made  to  Bakewell's  magic 
P oweI^    Thomas  Bates  watched  the  workmen 
at  then-  task;  visited  among  them,  and  finally 
seized  upon  what  he  regarded  as  the  best  mate^ 
ml  then  m  the  hands  of  the  master-spirits  in 
he  business.    He  became  quite  intimate  with 
Charles  Colling,  and  usually  stayed  at  Ketton 
or  with  Mason  of  Chilton,  from  Saturday  night 
to  Monday,  on  the  occasion  of  his  attending 
Dai  ing  on  market.    It  was  at  the  great  "fair  " 

n  mq  !h'V'  r  °"  *''*'  ^'''*  *^°"<'^y  «  March 
m  1799  that  'the  wonderful  Durham  Ox"  was 

exhibited;  Lut  while  the  great  Colling  steer  was 

astounding  the  gaping  crowd  the  thoughts  o 

the  bright  young  Noiihumberland  fanner  were 

otherwise  engaged.    Another  beast  of  Ketton 

breeding  was  claiming  his  close  attention     He 

was  meditating  the  selection  of   foundation 


IMAGE  EVALUATION 
TEST  TARGET  (MT-3) 


1.0 


LI 


ISO    "■™ 

m  m 

US 

111 


2.5 


2.2 


iS.    12.0 


18 


L25  IIU   I1IIII.6 


—    6" 


^a 


v] 


# 


vi. 


Photographic 

Sciences 

Corporation 


23  WEST  MAIN  STREET 

WEBSTER,  N.Y.  14580 

(716)  872-4503 


^ 


73 


A   HISTORY  OF   SHORT-HORN  CATTLE. 


H; 


■I       ! 


stock  for  a  breeding  herd,  and  had  been  espe- 
cially attracted  by  a  roan  heifer  of  the  Duchess 
blood  shown  apon  this  occasion  by  Charles  Col- 
ling. Hejdoubtless  knew  by  hearsay  of  the  ex- 
cellence of  the  original  Stan  wick  cow  of  that 
name  already  referred  to,  and  his  good  opinion 
of  this  particular  roan  heifer  was  heightened 
by  the  fact  that  he  "thrice  met  Mr.  Thompson, 
a  well-known  judge  of  stock  from  Northum- 
berland," by  her  side  during  the  day. 

The  Durham  Ox  was  got  by  Favorite  (252) 
out  of  a  common  black-and-white  cow  bought 
at  Durham  Fair;  but,  like  his  sire,  the  steer  was 
roan,  a  fact  of  interest,  in  connection  with  the 
bullock's  wonderful  character,  as  foreshadow- 
ing the  prepotency  of  sires  representing  a 
strong  concentration  of  blood.  Among  other 
remarks  heard  by  Mr.  Bates  from  those  who 
were  discussing  the  great  steer  was  one  to  the 
effect  that  the  most  perfect  animals  likely  to  be 
bred  in  the  ensuing  years  would  be  those  sired 
}3y  Favorite  out  of  Hubback  cows.  This  thought, 
it  is  said,  took  deep  root  in  the  young  man's 
mind  and  governed  him  largely  in  his  subse- 
quent choice  of  breeding  stock. 

Original  investments.— On  May  day,  1800, 
Bates  took  possession  of  the  Hal  ton  Castle  Farm. 
In  March  of  that  year  he  had  bought  his  first 
Short-horn.  It  does  not  appear,  however,  as  if 
he  had  at  that  time  made  up  his  mind  fully  as 


THOMAS  BATES  AND  THE   DUCHESSES.         73 

to  vvhich  was  the  best  Colling  Mood;  for  this 
initial  purchase  was  a  heifer  sired  by  Ben  out 
of  a  cow  called  Venus,  that  was  an  own  siste! 
to  the  roan  two-year-old  heifer  Mary  which 
Colling  sold  to  Gen.  Simson  of  Fifeshife  Sc^t- 
and   m  1806  for  800  guinea..    Subseq;en$ 
Bates  changed  his  mind  about  the  blood  of  Ben 
and  expressed  great  aversion  for  it.    This  wonld 
mdicate  that  the  heifer  for  some  reason  dW  not 
do  well  at  Halton.    The  great  price  (for  1^ 
ol  100  guineas  was  paid  for  her,  the  largest  sum 
Celling  had  up  to  that  time  received  foTa  coT 

lin Ahe  Kir "^  f^T  ^"^  **  P"'"^  footer  in 
p  i"  ^n  n  "  °*  ^^  ^^-  Bates  bought  from 

foi  (S^fiTy"""^  ^*^^-  ^™'  "y"" 

DaisvBnJl   ISfi^       ^^?  ^^'^'"^'-    ^e  hired 
iJ<usy  Bull  (186)  from  Charles  Colling,  and  aft- 
erward bought  him  for  thirty  guineas     In  TSftt 
he  hired  Styford  (629)  from'Srt  Coll  ng 
Both   were   by   Favorite  (252).    Some  West 
Highland  heifers  had  meantime  been  acquired 
as  Ml^  Bates  at  that  time  believed  that  by  cross 
ing  them  with  good  Short-horn  bulls  feeZ; 
■stock  could  be  obtained  that  would  be  superiof 
0  any  but  the  best  types  of  the  Shorthorn™ 
that  period     The  Colling  bulls  named  were 
therefore  obtained  mainly  for  crossing  p^! 


Wrn^ 


aam 


74 


A  HISTORY  OF  SHORT-HORN  CATTLE. 


I  ■'] 


poses.  Both  Daisy  Bull  and  Sty  ford  are  said  to 
have  revealed  clearly  the  Hubback  character  in 
their  hair  and  handling. 

The  Duchess  blood.— About  this  time  a  very 
substantial  legacy  was  received  from  an  aunt, 
and  this  enabled  Mr.  Bates  to  go  on  with  his 
Short-horn  breeding.  For  100  guineas  he 
bought  from  Charles  Colling  in  1804  the  cow 
Duchess,  by  Daisy  Bull  (186),  then  four  years 
old  and  in  calf  to  Favorite.  A  heifer  from  her 
was  also  bargained  for  at  sixty  guineas,  but  at 
Mrs.  Colling's  request  was  given  up  and  returned 
to  Ketton.  In  this  cow  Bates  claimed  to  have 
secured  not  only  the  best  cow  in  England  but 
the  only  one  then  living  running  direct  from 
Hubback  to  Favorite.  He  was  very  anxious  to 
breed  her  to  Mr.  Charles  Colling's  Duke  (224), 
by  Favorite,  then  going  out  on  hire  to  a  Mr. 
Gibson,  and  although  promised  the  service  was 
unable  to  secure  it^a  fact  which  led  to  bad 
blood  between  Bates  and  Colling.  In  1805 
Duchess,  by  Daisy  Bull,  produced  a  bull  calf, 
Ketton  (709),  by  Favorite  (252),  which  was  re- 
tained for  subsequent  service.  She  dropped 
one  heifer,  Baroness,  by  St.  John  (572),  but  be- 
coming a  "shy"  breeder  was  reluctantly  sold 
to  Mr.  Donkin  of  Sandhoe,  and  as  she  did  not 
in  his  possession  settle  down  to  bulls  of  desired 
form  and  quality  her  other  calves  (all  bulls)  did 
not  carry  the  blood  Mr.  Bates  sought.    She  was 


DUCHESS,   by  DAISY  ^     I  T    maai    «     ^  ^ 

J'      ^lox   .,,  1.L  (186J;  Bred  by  Chas.  Coll 


ing-. 


KETTON  1st  (709);  Bred  by  Chas.  Colli 


"ff- 


m^%m» 


urn 


t 

1 

i 

j, 

,    i 

f 

'In  ale 

Duchess  bi 

iiioi-(>  tlian  ( 

to  thf  sione 

of  the  .same 

The  Di'dlfi-i't 

Is  thus:    B, 

Ite);  frreat-s 

srreat-irroat-i 

what  adds  t^ 

bull  was  as  I 

proved  by  tl 

Shoi't-horns. 

best  inilkln? 

of  ihcproUu. 

Intervening, 

butter  tribe, 


THOMAS   HATES   A»D   THE   DCOHESSES.  75 

always  a  deep,  rich  milker,  making  as  hiRh  as 
14  lbs  of  butter  per  week,  and  when  ted  off  Tt 
seventeen  years  of  age  she  is  said  to  have  male 
an  excellent  carcass  of  beef. 

Bates  had  made  up  his  mind  that  this  Duch- 
ess blood  was  the  most  valuable  stiuin  in  the 
enfam  breed  and  resolved  to  persevere  in  his 
ertoits  at  acqairii  g  it.«    At  the  Ketton  d  sne  ' 

aughtei  of  Duchess  by  Daisy  Bull,  sired  br 
the  l,MO-gmnea  bull  Comet  (155),at  183  guin- 
eas. She  was  evidently  not  one  of  the  best 
mcbviduals  in  that  memorable  sale.  Indeed 
.7«  pronounced  "shabby  hy  the  whole 
neighborhood   about  Halton,   Mr    BatersT 

Thomasr/'^'  "''"?""«"  '"^  ^°"'«   Purchase: 
homas  relied  upon  her  breeding  and  her  Qual- 
ity, however,  and  bided  his  time.     Under  the 
^ame  of  Duchess  1st  she  proved  the  a"cestre5 

Of  the  .sanie  age  when  shown  wuh  him  at  D^rn'f"^  *''''"  '""^  ^^"°«  ^^ 
The  DodlM-ree  of  Young  DucheTs  ■»«  T  r2.  f  Darlington  In  the  eprlnsr  of  1709. 
IS  tUus:  By  Comet,  ufnr  by  STv'^  "'  7!f  "  '"°'"  ^'-  ^^^^  ^rs.  OolUn^ 
ite);  ^r..at-g,.andam  by  FavoSe    gre;t  ^r^^^^^^  h  """'^-^  ^^  «°"  °'  ^^^^"^ 

.reat-groat-grand.m  by  Mr.  Brown  s?tS^^"':n"H'n  ''/ ^ubback;  great- 
what  adds  to  ihe  value  of  thia  ZlrceZZtl^''''  °!  Aldbrongh.  And 
bull  was  aB  gooc  aa  any  of  the  tribe  slnoP  t'l  !  T"^  ^^  *^^-  ^'""^^'^  oW 
proved  by  thoBe  bulls  which  hTu-^  so  mlT,  I  '  V'^'  °'  ^""'''^^  '"''^^  ^• 
Short-horuB.  Mrs.  Colling  2«x:idle,?;tfhr«'r;f''f  *^"  °'*^«'-  '''"^^  °' 
best  milking  tribe.  This  DuehesB  trTbe  la  n,  1  ^  *"'"  '^'^'^^^  ^"'^"  *^« 
Of  .ho  produce  Of  Hubback  be  r^put  toFavornfJllf '''^"^'^  "''^^  ^emalnln^ 
intervening,  Which  circumstance  ^dded  to  thf  T''°'''  ^o-^e  other  bull 
•""'•T  tribe,  gives  them  a  pr^mSenl  nvl  '  ^'"''  ^  ^'■''^*  mllk-and- 
hoi  113."  Pie^minence  over  any  other  tribe  of  Short- 


m 


rmm 


76 


A   HISTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


of  the  far-famed  Duchess  family,  which  ulti- 
mately became  the  highest-priced  and  most- 
widely-sought  tribe  known  in  Short-horn  his- 
tory. He  immediately  began  asserting  with 
characteristic  assurance  the  extreme  value  of 
this  heifer  on  account  of  her  descent,  and  an- 
nounced that  he  would  not  take  £1,000  for  his 
bargain !  Such  was  the  beginning  of  the  Duch- 
ess "boom.'' 

Student,  experimenter  and  exhibitor.— In 
1810,  at  the  age  of  thirty-five  years,  this  ambi- 
tious Northumberland  tenant  farmer  became  a 
student  at  Edinburgh  University— a  fact  which 
should  not  be  without  its  lesson  to  those  who 
at  the  present  day  are  wrestlmg  with  the  prob- 
lems presented  by  our  modern  agriculture.  His 
course  of  lectures  embraced  not  only  practical 
agriculture  but  mental  and  moral  science.  He 
took  copious  notes  which  have  been  preserved, 
from  which  it  is  clear  he  made  good  use  of  his 
time.  After  his  return  to  Halton  we  find  him 
busy  with  various  farming  and  feeding  opera- 
tions and  experiments  in  the  handling  and  stor- 
ing of  forage  crops.  It  took,  in  his  opinion,  a 
working  capital  of  five  times  the  amount  of 
one's  rent  to  farm  profitably.  At  Halton  he 
employed  a  capital  of  £7,500,  one-half  of  which 
he  had  expended  under  his  twenty-one-year 
lease  in  permanent  improvements,  of  which  he 
only  had  the  benefit  during  the  unexpired  term 


THOM.«   UATES  AND  THE  DUCHESSES.         ^^ 

Of  the  lease.    Not  satisfied  with  this  sort  of  a 

'    J.  J  i^'''P6^^ty,  then  as  now  r»rp 

seated  no  very  flattering  prosoPPf  +^7' ^  i 

tai  mei  The  land  is  a  cold  clay,  fairly  good  for 
grass,  but  requirine"  ramfni  Z.  ^"'-y  ©^^^  ^or 
tillage  ^"^"^g  Cd^retuI  management  for 

elated  that  the  cow  Duchess,  by  Daisy  R.,I 
g"ve  on  grass  alone  without  o  her  food  in  ti^i' 
summer  of  1807  at  w.,u„  "^""f^  ™od  in  tne 

"ilk  twice  a  day     P^  I  !"*''°  '1"'*^^  "f 

adav     Thfl  K„f+«   ""^^^'^  ^^^^  lorty-two  ounces 
^  uciy.    ine  butter  was  made  up  for  the  INTfl.^ 
castle  market  in  ten  pn^  ^      i!  ,/  ^®^ 

a^-Swhichwe^L^oTdSnSlt^;^^^^^^^^ 

•"any  breeders  were  St-g  a  mSet*^* 
;!g^.d.ng  the  dairy  qualitief  o^  Ihetil't 


'fTTff 


pp 


78 


A   HISTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


I    ! 


point  which  is  not  without  its  practical  appli- 
cation at  the  present  time.  lie  was  also  an 
earnest  student  of  feeding  problems,  and  two 
of  his  steers,  "the  brindled  ox"  of  1808  and 
"white  ox"  of  1810,  attracted  much  attention 
and  attested  his  skill  in  that  direction.  He  ex- 
perimented carefully  upon  the  relative  meriU 
of  the  systems  of  soiling  and  grazing,  and  in  a 
memorable  address  to  the  Boards  of  Agriculture 
of  the  United  Kingdom  made  a  strenuous  plea 
for  extended  experimentation  as  to  the  various 
breeds  of  live  stock.  It  thus  appears  that 
Thomas  Bates  was  wide-awake  to  the  necessi- 
ties of  his  time  in  relation  to  successful  farm- 
ing, and  in  some  respects  at  least  a  long  way  in 
advance  of  his  contemporaries. 
Bates  was  an  exhibitor  of  cattle  at  the  Tyne- 

for  the  Newcastle  market  on  the  Saturday,  and  Bates  told  him  that  however 
ready  he  was  for  breakfast  he  should  have  none  until  he  had  counted  the 
butter.  There  were  300  half-pounds  to  so  to  the  market,  besides  what  Wiia 
used  In  the  house  and  sold  at  home.  There  wore  then  thirty  cows  which 
h;.a  calved,  and  the  butter  sold  for  .above  one  shilling  the  half  pound.  This 
left  more  than  ten  shllllnt's  for  each  cow  In  butter  alone,  besides  the  value 
of  the  milk  otherwise  sold,  while  all  the  calves  were  reared  by  the  pall 
and  none  allowed  to  suck.  Had  all  the  milk  been  creamed  rind  made  Into 
butter  there  would  have  been  twice  the  number  of  pats.  Mason,  thrown 
off  his  guard  at  this  display  of  dairy  produce,  confessed  to  Bates:  "You 
can  go  on  breeding  Short-horns  because  they  pay  you  in  milk,  butter  and 
beef,  but  we  cannot  do  so  unless  we  sell  them  at  high  prices  to  breeders.' 

Mason,  as  Bates  plainly  told  him,  was  keeping  at  the  time  three  sets  of 
cows,  one  to  breed  calves  and  then  get  dry  (which  was  no  hard  matter)  In 
order  to  attract  notice  by  their  high  condition,  a  second  as  wet  nurses  to 
rear  the  calves,  and  a  third  to  supply  his  family  with  milk  and  butter. 
"  This,"  Bates  added  many  years  afterward,  '•  is  a  system  that  would  ruin 
any  man  if  he  had  the  land  rent  free  and  no  outgoings  to  pay,  yet  many  con- 
tinue to  pursue  this  reckless  course  in  order  to  gain  premiums,  attract  put>- 
?.lc  attention  and  gratify  their  vanity  at  the  cost  of  their  pockets."— Planner's 
Magazine. 


THOMAS   BATK8   ANI.   THE   DUOHK88ES.  79 

Me  shows  held  sometimes  thrice  a  year,  from 
thou-  inception  in  1804,  and  was  successful  at 
every  show  nntd  that  of  1812.  when  he  consiS- 
erod  himself  shabbily  treated  by  the  judges 
So  incensed  was  he  at  the  decisions  heie  that 
he  never  afterward  entered  the  show-yard  as  a 
competitor  until  the  York  meeting  of  J 838 

Bulls  first   used  on  the  Duchesses.  -  As 
a  ready    mentioned,    Duchess- by- Daisy  Bull 
claimed  as  the  best  Short-horn  cow  of  her  time' 
dropped  to  the  cover  of  Favorite  (252)  a  bull 
which  was  named  Ketton  in  honor  of  his  Col- 
bug  doriv;jtio.i.    This  was  the  first  bull  of  the 
Duchess  b  ood  owned  and  used  by  Mr.  Bates 
and  in  si^te  of  his  "close"  breeding  wasa 
bast  of  strong  constitution  and  possessed  of 

sou.lt  ^'Hr  ^"^«^^"--«ter  so  earnestly 
sought.  He  was  undoubtedly  a  good  bull  al- 
though his  portmit-drawn  in  ISll^wouM  in- 
dicate some  prominence  of  hip  and  lightness  of 
fl.iiik.    He  was  red-and-white  and  remained 

l.l«  «l.ori  ,m<i  ,vl<lMpre»a  lees  his  1  „^t^       \     '  '"'  •™''  "»»■■»  "l-™!. 

r..i.ne,i, te,,,.ift,, ,„,,„,„  j;vXm..L""';5, "'''I"""  '"">■  X"  Ml- 
riv .  .„„«„y  ,0  h,»  whole  frame  hSS  M  ^  '""  "°  "'""^  «•  »= '» 
liiMrcaaea  the  Idea  iha.  i  ahoolu  „ov„Z  h„  nL°"'  1°:'"""'  '»"■"  "■»• 
» Imprlntea  upon  mr  memory  Ih  u  ^e^L^i',";'  "«"""'  »•'  '""ee  waa 
b«ll K.llon came tnll  1„ view  MtZ!^^^  „  ,""'"'"  '"  """mlno it PMze 
am.  iilihoiish  M,-.  Ba«.  „  eTl  Ke«„„lrs7.S:  ™'"  "»"■  '"■"  -"""le"'- 
or  bulloon  eo„l,l  e.-isUj  he  picked  on?othi.\!,^if'"' "  """■"'•  ''Wtcr 
il..lr  very  co„,„c„a„oj  and  n  S.rp°oJ^t<Jn:  J'f?  T  """«""« '" 


'if' h'llf^ 


80 


A  HISTORY  OP  SHORT-HORN  CATTLE. 


!-:. 


m\i\ 


seven  years  in  service.   This  is  the  bull  of  which 


((ri 


Tommy"  Thompson,  the  cowman,  said,  "he 
never  got  a  middling  calf  "—all  were  regarded 
as  above  the  average. 

From  1816  to  1820  the  bulls  Ketton  2d  (710) 
and  Ketton  3d  (849)  (the  former  a  son  and  the 
latter  a  grandson  of  Ketton  1st)  were  used,  but 
their  get  were  not  equal  to  the  progeny  of  the 
son  of  the  old  Duchess  cow.    Ketton  2d  was 
out  of  an  unnamed  cow  by  a  grandson  of  Fa- 
vorite; second  dam  by  J.  Brown's  ned  Bull,  bat 
Ketton  3d  was  a  Duchess,  sired  by  Ketton  2d 
out  of  Duchess  3d  by  Ketton  1st;  second  dam 
Duchess  1st  by  Comet.    The  earnestness  with 
which  Mr.  Bates  adopted  the  Bakewell  scheme 
of  in-and-in  breeding  is  here  apparent.  He  nev- 
ertheless tried  the  experiment  of  breeding  to 
Marske  (418),  then  thirteen  years  old,  a  roan  of 
Colling  blood  that  Maynard  had  bought  at  the 
Barmpton  sale.    This  brought  in  a  dash  of  good 
fresh  blood.    Although  Marske  was  a  son  of 
Favorite  (252)  his  dam  was  Robert  Colling's 
noted  cow  Old  Bright  Eyes,  that  gave  fifteen 
quarts  of  milk  twice  per  day.    Bates  had  owned 
a  sister  to  Marske  for  some  years,  and  regarded 
the  family  as  one  of  the  best  of  the  day— al- 
ways of  course  excepting  his  favorite  Duch- 
esses.    The  Marske  cows,  however,  did  not 
fully  meet  his  expectations,  and  he  sent  Duch- 
ess 3d,  by  Ketton  1st,  to  Donkin's  to  be  bred  to 


an  imp 
liiN  pat] 
Grace  ( 


•"I  win 

Altiiorpo.  ' 
111  rcHponse 
DonciiHter  n 
UpHsert  Lon 
derfui  man  I 
later,  if  ho  w 

+  James  F 

Hboiit  this  dt 

roocl.-mu  hai 

and  ribs,  she 

31)  ned  mthei 

eyes  aud  miis 

length  but  of 

most  part  a  n 

:pd,wlth,  Ini 

also  general] 

DOBtrtl.    Asti 

lect  h(>r  belnj 

color,  but  wit 

black.    Whetl 

alloy  or  a  frea 


THOMAS    BATES    AND   THE    DUCHESSES.         81 

Duke  (226),  the  Duchess  bull  by  Favorite.  This 
was  getting  buck  direct  to  the  highly-prize  i 
bJood,  and  Bates  spoko  to  Lord  Altho^pe  of  th's 
mating  as  'the  only  hope  of  the  Short-horns  "* 
^hon  we  recall  the  fact  that  the  fruits  of  -l 

tune  m  the  hands  of  contemporary  breeders  we 
have  in  this  remark  a  characteristic  illustratiL 
ot  the  arrogant  position  Mr.  Bates  was  wont 
0  assume  in  reference  to  his  own  Jtle 
So  persistently  did  he  assert  their  superToritv 
Hiat  his  c  aims,  together  with  the  admitted 
ment  of  his  stock,  at  length  began  to  make 
an  impression.f    Lord  Althorpe  became  one  of 

t^m\  )''''''  '''  ^^""^  I^nchrbulX 
Uicice  (31 1 )  for  service  at  Wiseton.    Mr.  Whit- 

In  r,.spon8e  to  Lord  AUhorpo's  !nv  ^10^"-^'-  ^"'''''.^^  ^ 
Doncaster  meeting  of  1820.   Ah  theTirtv  wo-         ^  '"'^^  ""  ^^'"^'°°  ^°'  '^"^ 
UofiHert  Lord  Altlxorpe.  turninVto  o;o  of  Mkm       ""'  *^^  ^'^"^"^-''oom  after 
derful  mam  WonUerf.,i  n.ani   Ho  mu?h/v^  '"'*^'  ^''"^  «'  ^a'^«=    "  Won- 

later,  if  ho  would  not  talk  eo  much  -•  '°^  "'^'^'"^'  "^«°  ^'^^  ^^ 

aJ.fr/di^-f-/-^^^^^^^^^ 

sooa  and  handsome  wl.le-eruH.  d  cowb  w  Ih  h  h  ^'  *^*"  *'"^«  ^^«  ^^at  of 
ami  rlb8.  short  legs  and  prom    ent  ho«  r^^     ^'^^^'  P'-oJ^otluK  loins 

elln....  rather  to  be  short  In^wTde  th 4  i"  ",  ''""'  ^'"  ^ener.W^ 
eyes  and  muzzle,  the  ears  rathc-MoL  td  h^rv"'.H  T'"''''-  ^"^  '"» <^»«» 
length  but  of  free,  waxy  (uriUtv     ^f  *^'  **"''  '""""s  <>'  considerable 

most  part  a  robust.  heaUhy  ipear.^ne'^  "S"1  "'"^•"^-  ""'^  »^^^  '-  "« 
: f .  with,  m  many  of  them,  a  tendencv  to  whu  l°"  "^T  '*''"°"'  "nlformly 
.1180  generally  what  Mr.  B^tes  call^  th?.  nn  I  °"'  '^^  «'"^'^'  They  hiii 
DOBtrll.  A  strange  anomaly  c  urrS  „  ,^''""''^'"  «P«' «'  ^^Ite  above  the 
leet  hor  being  calved.  She  was  verv  hand^^  '*''^  ""  """'^^^^  «**>•  ^  recol! 
color,  but  with  a  «,und  spot  of  several  l^ch«r  ''"t  °'  '^"  '"^^^  °«hodox 
b lack.  Whether  this  Indicated  rhlrklni  baok  T  ''"  ''"°'^'  "^  *^«  '^«^P«8t 
auoyor^af^a.of  the  cow's  l^agSon^rali^io^r^u^^tLt"^  ^'^'^^-^ 


82 


A  HISTORY  OF  SHORT-HOR^  CATTLE. 


I 


If  11 


ill;  i^ 

4  1 


aker  had  hired  Ketton  3d  and  subsequently  ex- 
changed him  to  Lord  Althorpe  for  His  Grace. 

From  Halton  to  Ridley  Hall.— Although  the 
Kirklevington  property  had  been  bought  in 
1811,  the  lease  of  Halton  did  not  expire  until 
1821,  and  Mr.  Bates  continued  in  possession 
there  until  that  date.  Either  because  he  was 
loath  to  leave  Northumberland,  or  because  his 
Kirklevington  land  had  not  yet  been  brought 
into  the  desired  state  of  fertility,  he  purchased 
Ridley  Hall  on  the  ^,'outh  Tyne,  to  which  he 
removed  from  Halton  in  May,  1821.  In  abet- 
ter written  to  Jonas  Whitakcr  in  1822  Bates 
said: 

"I  have  now  two  bulls  (The  Earl  and  Duke  2d)  by  Duke  out  of 
Duchess  3d,  the  dam  of  Ketton  3d,  and  a  heifer  by  Marske  (Duch- 
ess 7th)  out  of  the  same  cow  and  bulled  by  The  Earl,  and  for  the 
three  I  would  not  take  8,000  guineas,  bad  -  ^  times  are  for  farmers. 
Old  Ketton's  stock  were  the  up-making  of  mc,  and  now  that  I 
Lj,ve  again  got  the  blood  pure  of  other  mixtures  I  shall  never  again 
part  with  it  for  any  other  tribe  of  Short-horns  I  have  ever  seen," 

The  "hope  of  the  Short- boms"  proved  to  be 
a  bull  which  was  named  The  Earl  (646)  and 
used  extensively  for  four  or  five  years  at  Ridley 
Hall.  He  was  succeeded  by  his  son  2d  Hub- 
back  (1423).  This  bull  was  bred  fxom  a  cow 
called  Acklam  Red  Rose  (or  Red  Rose  1st),  of 
Colling  derivation,  that  Bates  had  bought  from 
a  Mr.  Hustler,  and  he  -^rew  into  what  is  sa^d  to 
have  been  the  best  of  all  the  earlier  bullo  used 
in  the  herd.  His  dam  (from  whom  the  Cam- 
bridge Roses  and  the  American  Rose  of  Shar- 


.-^ 


THOMAS   BATES  AND   THE   DUCHESSES.  83 

mg  quality.  He  was  a  light-red  bull  said  to 
have  been  remarkably  perfect  in  h^  pits 
and  evenly  and  smoothly  flpshed     Hio  =?   i 

«.re  umforminshape,cofor'hltd£^^^^^^ 
as  well  as  m  countenance."  His  heifers  »n 
proved  good  milkei-s.  We  have  in  hsc^i' 
mother  Illustration  of  the  fact  that  str^nS^! 
brea  sires  very  often  get  their  best  stock  ?£ 
cows  not  bred  "in  line."  Certain  it  is  that  Tb^ 
Earls  best  calf  was  2d  Hubback  from  a  Bed 
Rose  dam,  none  of  the  bull  calves  from  the 
Duchesses  equaling  him  * 

no"steBs'to*t*  "'^^^  "i^'^^'^  Hall  Bates  took 
no  steps  to  bring  his  herd  before  the  public 

Tl '"' r^ ''""« ''nd  kept  no  bull  calved 
excep  those  he  thought  he  might  require  for 
lumself  or  which  his  friends  desired  for  th^i 
own  herds.    He  used  the  knife  freely  and  fed 

ov-er  thick  Of  flan.,  8  feeu  l„chos;  Sj^  of  L  L^V'^'^^^^'-  ^^'^^  ^°^^^ 
ength  from  breast  plumb  to  tal  6  5eet  ,«  1  '^'^^*  •'^'''^^^«»l"mbi 
from  breast  to  cropa,  2  feet-  l,r„";*^  ,'  ^®"^**»  °^  '^io^PB,  3  feet;  lemrth 

;ore  leg  below  t^.e^^^JTinc^T.^ZtTr  ''  '^°'''^«' '  '««*-'  ^^^^of 
l»>che8.  "*'^'  ^^1^  Of  liora  at  root  next  the  head,  8 


84 


A  HISTORY  OF  SHORT-HORN  CATTLE. 


pal  butchers  in  Newcastle  and  Shields  came  to 
buy  his  stock  at  home. 

Removal  to  Kirklevington.— May  1,  1830, 
Mr.  Bates  transferred  his  residence  and  breed- 
ing operations  from  Ridley  Hall— which  he  had 
sold— to  Kirklevington;  included  in  the  herd, 
which  was  driven  across  country,  being  "fifty 
cows  and  heifers  by  2d  Hubback,  all  as  alike  as 
beans  and  leaving  a  great  impression  wherever 
they  passed."  2d  Hubback  was  let  the  following 
year  to  Whitaker,  and,  disappointed  in  the  de- 
velopment of  a  yearling  bull  from  Duchess  22d 
that  he  had  intended  to  use,  Bates  bought  from 
Whitaker  for  100  guineas  the  bull   Gambler 
(2046)  by  Bertram  (1716),  a  bull  of  Colling's  Old 
Daisy  tribe  that  had  just  been  sold  to  Col. 
Powell  for  shipment  to  America.    Gambler's 
dam  was  of  the  Western  Comet   or  Gentle 
Kitty  blood.    Gambler  did  not  satisfy  Bates  as 
a  stock-getter,  and  hearing  of  Mr.  Stephenson's 
roan  bull  of  the  old  Princess  blood  he  went  to 
see  him. 

Belvedere  (1706)  of  the  Princess  blood.— In 

the  accepted  accounts  of  the  purchase  of  this 
bull  we  have  a  striking  example  of  Mr.  Bates' 
supreme  self-confidence.  He  believed  in  the 
Hubback  and  Duchess  blood  above  everything 
else.  He  claimed  he  had  founded  his  herd 
upon  the  best  cow  of  the  breed  in  her  day. 
He  had  been  successful  with  Ketton  1st  and  The 


Ear] 
son  i 
sires 
now 
to  ki 
bred 

iind  \ 

\w  fe 

other 

being 

spoke: 

ing  of 

and  h 

would 

called 

on  sly  1 

son  of 

all  the 

he  now 

He  h 

Colling 

that  na 

on  top 

which  ] 

prime  s 

was  not 

from  th 

objectio] 

tainable. 


THOMAS  BATES  AND  THE  DC0HE88KS.         85 

Earl,  both  Duchess  bulls,  and  with  2,1  H„k.     , 
son  of  a  Duchess  bull,  but  hJhJ,,''''^- 
sires  tried  from  othe    sou.ts     The  "t  '"'"' 
now  very  closely  bred  and  1  "ieemed  aJ  «'  T 

i'e.ng  crossed  upon  his  Duchesses  H^h  f 
spoken  his  mind  freely  concernTnf 'ft.  k  "^ 
ing  of  nearly  all  tlie  other  he/ds  of  th'^^?'"*- 
and  had  awakened  mZvZt^'^''^''"'^ 
would  not  use  a-nvthhl!,  ^^'^goo'SMs.     He 

called  "alio"'  ZtV^T'C'  ""  '''• 
onsly  hampered  in  his  sel  h  fl  ?  '^''^ 

son  of  the  fact  that  he  h«d  "  w    ?•'"'•''  "^^  «»" 
all  the  available  mate;^^i  '''"."'^f  ^-^-nearly 

he  now  required  frerWood         *'  '"''''  "'"^ 

Co£g  tiSs'^i/^"  Xt^''^  °"'  «'"^-* 
that  name  carried  a  double  cross  Tr""*^  "^ 
on  top  of  Hubbact     Tu-  °^  favorite 

which  in  his  radLl  n  """'  ""  ""'"btoatiou 
prime  source  of  Shn  .T"'°"  constituted   a 

was  not  aware  tha^tnv  ,,?/'"'"'"''"'•  »« 
from  this  basewitho'f    f  •*'r'"'^'"*''*'-ect 

objectionable  -  roS°;,Vat'"harr  .°'  f.  '''■"^ 
tainable.    By  chan^P Tf  ,    '**^  '^''*e  ob- 

uy  chance,  however,  he  learned  that 


:l 


!  I' 


«  .''i  .  .1: 


86 


A  HISTORY  OB^  SHORT-HORN  CATTLE. 


John  Stephenson  of  Wolviston  had  a  roan  bull 
so  descended,  and  he  lost  no  time  in  looking 
him  up.  His  purchase  of  Duchess  1st  at  the 
Ketton  sale  on  account  of  her  breeding  rather 
than  her  individual  merit  illustrated  his  unfal- 
tering faith  in  the  doctrine  that  "blood  will 
tell."  With  this  case  in  mind  it  is  reasonably 
certain,  in  view  of  the  trouble  he  was  now  in 
with  his  Duchesses,  that  Bates  went  over  to 
Wolviston  prepared  to  buy  this  precious  Prin- 
cess bull — "the  last  of  a  long  race  of  well-de- 
scended Short-horns" — fairly  regardless  of  the 
appearance  of  the  animal  himself.  At  any  rate 
we  are  told  that  en  passing  by  the  bull-barn 
the  head  of  Belvedere  (1706)— for  such  was  his 
name  and  herd-book  number — was  visible,  and 
that  the  moment  Bates  caught  sight  of  it  he 
expressed  a  positive  determination  to  secure 
the  bull.  Not  every  man  will  buy  a  breeding 
bull  solely  for  the  blood  that  flows  in  his  veins. 
Still  less  would  the  average  man  be  likely  lo 
settle  so  important  a  matter  by  a  mere  glimpse 
of  a  bull's  countenance.  Bates  had  his  own 
peculiar  ideas  about  breeding,  however.  He 
was  not  governed  by  the  ordinary  rules  observed 
by  his  contemporaries,  and  his  swifc  decision 
to  buy  at  any  price  this  roan  bull  at  Wolviston 
— evidently  made  a^  soon  as  Stephenson  had 
told  him  how  Bolvedeie  was  bred,  and  before 
he  had  seen  the  bull  at  all — may  be  cited  as 


THOMAS   BATES   AND  THE   DUCHESSES.         87 

one  of  the  instances  where  he  manifested  real 
genius  as  a  cattle-breeder.  Belvedere's  sire, 
Waterloo  (2816),  and  dam,  Angelina  2d,  were 
own  brother  and  sister;  the  pedigree  therefore 
represented  an  extraordinary  concentration  of 
the  blood  of  old  Princess*  and  Favorite  (252) 

There  was  really  something  of  a  bull  went 
with  that  head  and  pedigree.    Belvedere  was 
SIX  years  old  at  the  time  Bates  bought  him 
Stephenson  was  allowed  to  name  his  own  price 
and  was  modest  enough  to  place  it  at  £50     This 
occurred  June  22,  1831.    The  next  day  the  bull 
was  driven  to  Kirklevington.    No  sooner  had 
bates  got  him  than  he  announced  that  he  would 
by  the  union  of  the  Princess  and  Duchess  blood 
produce   Short-hornssuchastheworldhasnever 
seen,  and  in  the  opinion  of  some  capable  judges 
he  very  nearly  made  good  his  boast.    The  bull 
tiS  "    f  '.  -^f  . -^  proclaimed  he  would  make 
tlie    hit    of  his  life  as  a  breeder  was  a  big  one 
possessing  extreme  length  and  heavy  shoulders,' 

He„,vv.swlJoW!tL  cStess  ;f\'X*'\'r*  ^'■^"^  °'  '^  guineas.  %ir 
yard  Halo  lu  1813  and  sen  her  to  stn  r*  ^V"^"  """^  ^°"^^*  ''*  '^^  ^^n- 
m),  a  son  Of  ConS  S  ColiiS  toTn  ".T  °  ^^  ""'^  *°  *^«  bull  Wellington 
any  gcntlo.„a„-8  cowb  "  to  be  served  hv>.T  T.?  ''''''  ""^  "  "°^^''  ^""^^ 
With  Lady  Antrlm-sTequest  iZTJ.  l^'"'  *"'^  «°  '^''"^'^  "«*  "O'nPly 
to  Wynyard,  when  CoHiS  aerv-fn?  ^""^  """""^^^^  ^'"'^'^  '°  '"et^rn 

I.ad  told  his  master  tlmtPrlTces^w^r'  .'""'""^  """''  ""'"^  *«  ^^^  '^^'  ^e 
and  that  Colling  was  so  amZdnT  I  "  "  ^"'''^''^^^'^  cow  but  a  lady's. 
WMlve.1  his  rule  upon  the  pZ  of  ^iv  '^ l^^^^'^^^'^on  that  he  at  once 
er8  and  would  perml  Prtac^s«  tn  I  ^^  ^'^f  bull's  services  to  other  breed- 
however,  did  no^Siit  his  SLn^r^!  ■  ""''^  th'-Wty  Yorkshire  man, 
ten  .ood  guineas  for  ttoee^^iceT*:^"-^^^^  "««  eharg-lng  her  ladyship 
bull  yo^uig  Wynyard.  sire  orSr  JoVl  f'"'       '"^^  '''"^'"^  ""«  ^^« 


88 


A   HISTORY    OF  SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


h 


I 

I 


but  was  a  yellow-roan,  evidently  full  of  quality; 
'soft  as  a  mole  to  the  touch."  He  had  the 
I'hot-blood  temper"  of  his  sire  Waterloo,  and 
it  took  three  men  to  get  him  safely  started  off 
down  Sandy  Lane  the  morning  he  left  Ste- 
phenson's to  begin  the  work  of  regenerating 
the  Duchesses. 

The  breeding  of  bulls  to  their  own  dams  or 
daughters  was  a  common  occurrence  at  Kirk- 
levington  prior  to  the  time  of  Belvedere.    None 
but  inbred  Duchess  bulls  had  been  used  upon 
cows  of  this  favorite    family  except  Marske 
(418),  of  the  Bright  Eyes  blood,  and  2d  Hub- 
back,  by  the  Duchess  bull  The  Earl  (646)  out 
of  Hustler's  Red  Rose.    The  cross  of  Belvedere 
upon  the  Duchess  and  other  tribes  which  Mr. 
Bates  had  meantime  acquired  proved  the  sound- 
ness of  his  judgment.    The  Princess  bull  was 
used  extensively  until  twelve  years  old  and 
then  slaughtered.    This  was  in  1837.    He  did 
much  for  the  herd,  siring,  among  other  noted 
animals,  the  famous  Duchess  34th,  which,  bred 
back  to  her  own  sire,  gave  Mr.  Bates  his  great- 
est bull— Duke  of  Northumberland  (1940).   The 
Duke  was  but  two  years  old  at  the  time  Belve- 
dere was  sent  off,  so  that  an  elder  son  of  Bel- 
vedere—Short Tail  (2621),  from  Duchess  29th 
(and  said  to  have  been  a  better  bull  than  his 
sire)— was  placed  in  service.   His  dam.  Duchess 
29th,  was  got  by  2d  Hubback  out  of  one  of 


THOMAS  8ATBS  AND  THE   DUCHESSES.         89 

that  bull's  own  daughters,  Duchess  19th,  so 
lut  the  practice  of  breeding  from  close  afflni- 
ties  went  steadily  on 

The  cross  of  Whitaker's  Worfolk.-In  1834 
e  ,x  Ren,ck  and  his  colleagues,  representing 
the  Ohio  Importing  Co.,  visited  England  to  buy 
bimrt  horns^  Bates  showed  them  every  attend 
ti<m  and  offered  them  some  of  his  best  cows 
and  heifers,  including  Duchess  34th.    He  seems 

vt  r^,n     "!?'^  *"''  '°'J"^'"'y  *°  "«  fullest 
e  tent  upon  his  American  visitors,  tendering 
advice  freely  as  to  the  other  English  herds  of 
tl.a  period.  Among  other  charactfris'ic";'  .it- 
ers   given  was  one  to  the  effect  that  Belve- 
cleres  sire,  Waterloo  (2816),  then  i„   his    L- 
teeiith  year,  and  Norfolk  (2377)  were  "the  onlv 
two  bulls  besides  Belvedere  thaTwere  '  i  the 
least  likely  to  get  good  stock."     What  the 
Ainericans  bought  on  this  memorable  visit  will 
be  dealt  with  in  a  subsequent  chapter 

Norfolk  (2377),  a  handsome  roan  bull,  was 
len  but  two  yeai^  old.    He  had  been  bi4d  by 

Pa niS'mT'  "u-  '"''  *"  "•■•  ^-  H-  Fawkes  o^ 
fai  iley  Ha  1.     His  sire  was  Mr.  Bates'  2d  Hub- 
back,  and  his  dam  Nonpareil  by  Magnet  (2240) 
nnning  down  through  the  Colling  blood  to  a 
ublnick  cow  at  the  base.    That  sites  wfs  L 
ceie  11    his  advice  to  the  Americans  cannot 
e   onbted.  for  shortly  afterward  he    ent  five 
of  his  own  best  cows  to  be  bulled  by  Norfolk! 


90 


A  HISTORY  OF  SHORT-HORN  CATTLK. 


lint  three  of  these  stood  to  the  service — to-wit.: 
Duchess  33d,  Waterloo  and  Blanche — which 
circumstance  was  regarded  by  Mr.  Bates  at  the 
time  as  fortunate,  the  immediate  result  not 
proving  satisfactory.  Tliis  paralleled  the  sub- 
sequent experience  of  John  Booth  in  breeding 
Bracelet  to  Mussulman  ;  but,  as  in  the  case  of 
Booth's  Buckingham,  when  the  percentage  of 
fresh  blood  was  reduced  so  that  it  was  quite 
subordinated  to  the  main  current,  its  stimulat- 
ing effect  l)ecame  apparent.  The  heifer  Duchess 
38th,  dropped  by  Duchess  33d  to  Norfolk,  gave 
rise  to  the  entire  Thorndale,  Geneva  and  Oneida 
Duchess  groups;  and  the  Norfolk- Waterloo 
heifer  founded  a  family  that  has  occupied  a 
prominent  place  in  the  progress  of  the  breed. 
Norfolk  was  individually  one  of  the  great  bulls 
of  his  time,  and  as  he  was  a  son  of  2d  Hubback 
his  character  supplied  striking  proof  of  the 
value  of  Bates  bulls  for  service  in  other  herds. 
He  kad  substance,  flesh  and  a  heavy  coat  of 
hair,  showing  greater  thickness  and  compact- 
ness of  conformation  than  Belvedere. 

The  Matchem  Cow  and  the  Oxfords. — In 
April,  1831,  Mr.  Bates  had  attended  a  sale  of 
''improved"  Short-horn  cattle,  hold  by  a  Mr. 
John  Brown  of  Nunstainton,  near  Chilton,  in 
the  County  of  Durham,  and  bought  seventeen 
cows  and  heifers  at  an  average  of  £9  5s.  Among 
these  was  a  white  four-year-old  by  Matchem 


MK.  BATHS'  CLEVELAND  LAD  (3407).  ..  P,,, 
Years  Old. 


Whitaker's  NORFOLK  (2377),  at  Five 


E  Years  Old. 


lit 


THOMAS   BATK8   ANO  THK   ,.r,CHBR8B8.         81 

vf-.n;i..-ed,,„„whos"r,o:r>::rberprr 

|M.  iy  introduced  into  the  Booth  hei^  at  Ki 
<;;by.    Herdam  was  by  thePiinres^h  01  V„ 
Vynyard  (2859).     Her  b.ee  I  .rbac^k  o^th'it' 
has  not  been  traced,  but  she  mnV have  shown 
coiiclusive  evidence  of  nni-e   Sl,n.4  i  , 

-nt;  for,  a.  ha.  been  w^H 'La "o    M^b",;  T 

eye"  Sh   /"■- 1'""'='^  ^'^  "'«  -"'«««  "'h^" 

e'ri  hi^rSdihe"  ^".'■''^"^"*  --'■ 
-ehti£s:,-Scie^^^^^^^ 

At  mne  years  of  age  Matchem  Cow  nrodm  ed  at 

'"  ^'^^^  ,^no">er  by  the  same  sire  These  Zn 
roim  bulls,  recorded  as  Cleveland  Lad  ,3407) 
and  Cleveland  Lad  2d  (Utm  ,„„  J  '        ' 


92    A  HISTORY  OF  SHORT-HORN  CATTLE. 


Oxfords.     The  line  of  the  former  has  now  been 
extinct  for  many  years. 

A   show-yard   disappointment.— Mr.   Bates 
sent  seven  head  of  cattle  to  the  newly-estab- 
lished Yorkshire  Show  in  1838,  headed  by  the 
two-year-old    donble-Belvedere   Duchess    bull 
Duke  of  Northumberland  (1940),  and  including 
a  pair  of  two-year-old  Duchess  heifers,  Duch- 
esses 41st  and  42d,  both  by  Belvedere;  a  year- 
ling Duchess  heifer.  Duchess  43d,  also  with  a 
double  dip  of  Beivedere;  the  roan  four-year-old 
cow  Red  Rose  13th,  by  Belvedere;  the  white 
three-year-old  cow  Short-horns  4th,  by  Belve- 
dere, and  a  tliLee-year-cld  from  the  Matchem 
Cow,  got  by  Duke  of  Cleveland  (1937),  a  bull 
that  had  been  dropped  by  Duchess  26th  to  a 
service  by  Mr.  Whitaker's  Bertram  (1716).    The 
Duke  of  Northumberland  received  first  in  his 
class  against  eight  competitors,  but  was  passed 
over  entirely  in  the  bull  championship  contest; 
first  prize  in  a  ring  of  fifteen  entries  going 
to  Earl  Si)encer's  Hecatomb  (2102),  of  Mason 
blood,  and  second  to  Mr.  Wiley's  Carcase  (3285), 
afterward   imported  to  America.     This  was  a 
hard  blow^  and  it  was  contended  by  Mr.  Bates 
that  Mr.  John  Grey,  the  judge,  was  improperly 
influenced  by  being  beholden  to  Earl  Spencer 
for  substantial  business  favors.    With  his  fe- 
males, however,  Mr.  Bates  was  more  successful. 
In  the  aged-cow  class  (entries  to  be  in  calf  or 


THOMAS  BATES  AND  THE  DUCHESSES.         93 

in  milk)  Red  Rose  13th  was  passed  over  the 
,1  e  tLf'"^  to  John  Colling^  Ro,au„e  I„ 
the  th  ee-year-old  ring  (also  in  calf  or  in  milk) 

Short-horns  4tli q   fina  .1.,;  ""'k; 

111(1  the  M  .t?!  ,  -^  "'^  cow-was  first 
and  t^^e  Matches  heifer  secon<I  in  a  class  of 

D  Che     41s  *'."  *^°-y'^'*r-«W  heifers 

Wichess  41st  won,  and    in    yearling    heifers 

eight)  Duchess  42d  was  second.    These  ratings 

Jul  not  satisfy  Mr.  Bates.    He  fdt  thTt  hi 

^rSZmXZX  ^"''■^•"  ^^'  ^°-  ^ 'th 

ami  uiicliess  43d,  had  been  rejected  unfairlv 

Thf  ft  ^r!.'^:'''™««'l  *«  «''ow  at  '^• 

came  Red  R,f,    ,TJ  °'  "39._When  the  time 

rave?  t  n  f  ""f  xf  *  '"  "  ''^  <=°"^'"i°" 

lSii.>  ^*''-"--   *•--  MiddleSoV t 

ti.efai.i„ofM,:.;o£Sot:irtiS'iE 
v:;:ttrorof\t''T^^''''^'^™i'^^^ 

cla  '  and  \n.  p  /  ''*t™<'t>o»  i"  the  Short-horn 
cl^^s,  and  Mr.  Bates  had  the  pleasure  of  seeing 

Ko   l„„„i,,.„,„,„  ,„„_,,.„  ,„,„,';'^^™™,/»  Maine  a.  !.„,„„„  i,„j,  „, 


94 


A  HISTORY  OF  SHORT-HORN  CATTLE. 


^'1  ' 


Duke  of  Northumberland  head  a  list  of  seven 
bulls;  the  Matchem  Cow's  daughter  a  class  of 
four;  Duchess  42d  a  class  of  three  two-year- 
olds,  and  Duchess  43d  a  class  of  nine  yearlings. 
That  these  were  a  beautiful  lot  of  Short-horns 
IS  amply  attested.    Mr.  George  Drewry,  the  late 
veteran  herd  manager  of  the  Duke  of  Devon- 
shire at  Holker  Hall,  writing  after  a  lapse  of 
fifty  years,  said:    "The  two  things  that  I  re- 
member best  at  Oxford  were  the  Duke  of  North- 
umberland and  Duchess  43d.      These  I  still 
think  were  the  best  two  Short-horns  I  ever 
saw."     In  honor  of  the  young  Matchem  Cow's 
victory  upon  this  occasion  she  was  dubbed  the 
''Oxford  Premium  Cow"— hence  the  tribal  name. 
At  a  dinner  given  in  the  quadrangle  of  Queen's 
College  during  this  show  Daniel  NVebster,  who 
was  a  visitor  at  the  exhibition,  said,  in  a  speecli 
which  held  closely  the  attention  of  the  audi- 
ence: 

smnlf.*!?,"  ''.''""^'^  *^  '^^^'^  ^  ^^^°"^  ^«"«ti«s  like  this  exist  on  a 
wi ,  'f  ^%^".^'^"y  P^rts,  and  they  have  been  found  to  be  very 
mf  n?  fin  "f  ^'^7"^^=— •    They  give  rewards  for  speci 

mens  of  fine  animals  and  the  improvement  of  implements  of  hus- 
bandry which  may  tend  to  facilitate  the  art  of  agriculture  and 
wh.ch  w^re  not  before  known.  They  turn  their  atte'  t^n  to T; '^ 
thing  wbich  tends  to  improve  the  state  of  the  farmer,  and,  I  may 
add,  among  other  means  of  advancing  his  condition,  th^t  they  have 

Slnd   nnT?  •'  \'''^'''^-'  ^^^  ^'^  ^est  breeds  of  anim'Lls 
England,  and  from  the  gentleman  who  has  been  so  fortunate  as  to 
take  so  many  prizes  to-day.    From  his  stock,  on  the  banks  of  tl 
whl^b".        I  tributary  streams,  I  have  seen  fine  animals  rai 
rmberianr"        '"'^        '""""  ""'"  '"''""  '"^  "^"^^^^'^^  ^"^  ^orth- 


,     THOMAS    BATES   AND   Tllic    mrCHESSES.  95 

tovd,  Mr.  Bate,  ded^d  it  to^tT.?  '*  °^- 
siiowing  any  of  themtVtlu  *'*''"«  ^ud 

sjiiarting  uudnr  the  defeat  of  UedZTn^l    I 

flrst  in  a  cla.ss  of  six  cow^  u  '^'"^^'  ^""""^ 
cl-nged  to  Carnb  ■dJp.ilirT/-"-" 
^Vaterloo  calf  also  won  b„t Tl  .  T '     ^ ''« 

'--d  down,  the  prist;.  Sr: 

roan  owned  in  Koi-foit.  ^  ,  ^„''  ,  ^^  i^'^^Ua 

lader  Bates  assel1:^,^t"hS■':,f'f^'■ 
nor  since"*    Hi.  ,„-,,+  neaid  of  before 

0..ates'  Herd  Book' VoT'V^T, '%'°T^  '"  " 
I'ad  not  been  specia  ly mi.l^n  ^h'*'*"^  Lad 
then  as  now  wasan  iml        ^'"^.^''w;  and  fat, 
ii'-'w,  vvcih  a  prime  necp^^if^r     mu 

-on  by  the  Kirklevington  cattle  a?   ?  ^?'' 
great  university  cities  Irlf^  *''*'  *^^" 

f<..'  the  blood  *°  '"''"y  "'quiries 

.u,f,  uralSo «  ^*'^-^"  '^«  «eve. 
'■0  being  «:e"o,t;S^:::7-'«7alaIo„^^ 

loft  without  ''^•indi"Z   .'.  ,  ^'''"^  herds 

I'laced  by  the    nies    t    i  '  t'"'  }"  "'^^  "'«^e 
—        .V  one  judges  at  the  head  of  the  bulls 


96 


A   HISTORY    OF    SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


on  exhibition.     That  same  season  Mr.  Bates 
sent  Oxford  Premium  Cow  to  the  Highland  at 
^erwick,  but  she  was  beaten  by  John  Booth's 
iNecklace  on  the  ground  that  the  Bates  cow 
was  "deficient  in  girth  and  gaudy  behind" 
He  also   showed  at  the   Yorkshire   of  1841 
receiving  the  bull  championship  on  Cleveland 
Lad.     Duke  of  Cambridge-the  Waterloo  calf 
shown  in  1840-here  won  first  as  a  yearling 
over  a  young  bull  from  Killerby  and  others 
Ihe  honors  of  the  throe-year-old  cow  class 
were  divided  between  Duchesses  42d  and  43d 
It  IS  stated  that  the  jovial  John  Booth  ban- 
tered his  esteemed  contemporary  the  belligerent 
Bates  upon  this  occasion  a})out  his  backward- 
•  ness  about  exhibiting  longer  at  leading  shows 
and  mferentially  challenged  him  to  show  a  cow 
at  the  next  year's  Royal.    These  two  men  were 
clearly  at  the  head  of  their  profession  at  the 
time,  but  despite    their  rivalries  were  good 
friends.    The  meeting  took  place  at  York  in 
lb42,  and  to  the  infinite  satisfaction  of  the 
great  champion  of  the  Duchesses  a  cow  of  that 
line  in  her  tenth  year  had  the  extraordinary 
honor  of  beating  Killerby's  great  Necklace. 
Ihe  story  of  this  memorable  contest  is  told  by 
Mr.  Bates'  people  in  the  following  language: 

"There  was  in  milk  at  Kirklevington  a  ten-year-old  unreeen 
erateda,ry  cow,  which  had  never  been  shown  nor  had  ever  bee", 
intended  to  be.    When  about  t^velve  months  old  she  had  broke 
her  leg,  and  as  Bates  would  not  employ  a  veterinary  ThomalBe 


iland  at 
Booth's 
tes  cow 
ehind." 
'f  1841, 
3velancl 
00  calf 
earlinj? 
others. 
V  class 
id  43d. 
th  baii- 
igerent 
Ivward- 
sliows, 
'  a  cow 
11  were 
at  the 
s  good 
ork  in 
of  the 
)f  that 
linaiy 
'klace. 
old  by 
ige: 

Hiregen 
ver  been 
i  broken 
n;is  Bell 


» 


m 


THOMAS   BATES   AND   THE    DUCHESSES.  97 

May  Day  sl,e  had  been  goinTrnl"  '^h  "^^^'^^  °^°°"^«-  Since 
was  as  ignorant  as  any  North p1  5  ordinary  cow  pasture,  and 
meant.  Without  any  pre^aratorv  ''"''  "'  "^'^"^  '^  '"""''  ^«'«=''« 
(Duchess  84th)  walked  by  ro'lfbourV"?  "'• '"  '''^  ^^'^'^-^^^ 
company  of  her  son,  Duke  of  Nortr^n  ,  ^  T'""'  '"^  ^«^'^'  ^^  '^^ 
ordered  the  fifteen  cows  Ltered  t  i^       ^^'•^'^^-    ^^^  J"'^^^^ 

and  then  told  old  ^o^nTuyl'^ZK^^^^^^  ^^""^  *^«  ^-^- 
stand  on  one  side  with  Brokelf  f  '^'''^'"'^ '"^°^^^' *« 
broke  from  the  people  present  wvf^  '  """"  ""^  ^"'^^^^^tion 

eluded  from  the  prize  llsf'       ""  ''"^^""^  '^^  ^^«  being  ex- 

"  Myers  remained  for  half  ««  »,^ 
'they  were  gannin'  to  use  m« ^     ^l?""  '"  thinking,  as  he  said, 
disputing  ov'er  NeckLe  and^^Zf^M/'M?"'  '^'  ^"'^^^  ^^^^ 
'  They  could  not  rightly  iud-^fi  of  r^r    ^^l  ^ason  Hopper's  cows. 
Myers,  who  had  supped  th  11."  '''  ^'  P""'"'^""  «^  '^«  «"'^' 
first  and  which  s!Zl    '^^^  IZf"'"'?'^'''' '''''''' ^^^^ '^  ^^ 
Brokenleg  'the  white  rore>  and  n^  TT^  ""^^^  "^^^  ««»t 
When  the  crowning  troX  waf  m"^    T*^  ^''^^^""  ^^^^^^  ^«r. 
there  was  a  burst  ofVppfuse     She  w      "'^  i?"'"^"'"  '^'^'^  ^^^'^ 
as  two  animals  could  be  in  color    n  J  !>""!  ^'^^  *^"  ^^*  ^"«»^«^« 
appearance,  such  as  no InLn   .  ''"I^^'l""^'  grandeur  of  style  and 

"Bates  had  good  Lasorto  h       ^«  "^'''^P' '^  ^"^^«««- 
tug-of-war  When  KillerbT^l  KirS         """^  *^'  '''''''  °'  "^^ 
chaUonge  he  ever  accepted     Thftw^"^''^^    "  ^^^  *^«  «^^^ 
was  confirmed  by  Mr.  Kwoora  b  etre^^^ r  f  "'^^""^  ^""^^ 
miration  for  one  line  of  stock  as  for  tT  Tv.  ""^  ^^  '""''^  ^^■ 

mal  was  a  good  one,  but  who  th  J^L  thaTa'llt't'?  '""-^^  *'^  ^"^- 
be  allowed  to  fashion     Mr  TmVn  d     ^u     ,         '*"®  ^^'^^^^  should 

Brokenleg  beat  ^e2.^  fZl^Zl'^!  nTv '/  "  "^^  *^^' 
you  are  fairly  beaten-  if  I  y;*",,  \^^  ^^P^^^^^' '  1  think,  Mr.  Booth, 

havedonethe'^same;  iThen  saiXr^f  '"'  Judges  I  should 
came  up  shortly  afterward  and  n«?T^  ^  ^"^  ^^tisfled.'  Bates 
tion.    'Ithink;ouwonfafri;:Mrt^^^^^^^  the  same  ques- 

yousaythat.'  'I  told  Mr.  Bc^oTh  so  '  '  Then  ^ -f r' *°  ^'"^ 
njore^pleased  stUl,-  and  the  great  ri::i  bre^r^  :Z^ti^ 

oIcSl^show^''^'"'  ''  *^^  ^^«*  remarkable 
olcl-tinie  s  low-yarcl  events  of  which  any  record 

luis  been  handed  down  from  the  last  grnem 


98 


A  HISTORY  OP  SHORT-HORN  CATTLE. 


!  'l 


i'  ^  i 


tion,  and  proves  the  genuine  merit  of  the  Bates 
cattle  of  the  early  days.  This  cow,  Duchess 
34th,  was  the  dam  of 

Duke  of  Northumberland  (1940).— The  pro- 
duction of  this  famous  bull  has  always  been 
considered  the  crowning  triumph  of  Thomas 
Bates'    career   as   a   cattle-breeder.    He  was 
the    acknowledged    champion    bull    of   Eng- 
land in  1842.  .  Bates,  writing  of  him  in  1839, 
had  said:    "I  can  state  from  measurements  I 
took  of  the  celebrated  Comet  (155)  that  The 
Duke  was  nearly  double  his  weight  both  at  ten 
months  and  at  two  years  old,"  adding,  in  allu- 
sion to  his  well-known  affection  for  the  Duch- 
ess family:    "I  selected  this  tribe  of  Short- 
horns as  superior  to  all  other  cattle,  not  only 
as  small  consumers  of  food  but  as  great  grow- 
ers and  quick  grazers,  with  the  finest  quality  of 
beef,  and  also  giving  a  great  quantity  of  very 
rich  milhr    The  live  weight  of  The  Duke  at 
three  years  and  eight  months  was  2,520  lbs. 

Mr.  Bates  has  left  the  following  statement 
concerning  him  and  his  family,  which  will  be 
of  interest  in  this  connection.  It  was  ad- 
dressed to  a  publishing  house  about  to  produce 
portraits  of  " The  Duke "  and  his  dam: 

"  I  named  this  bull  Duke  of  Northumberland  to  perpetuate  the 
commemoration  that  it  is  to  the  judgmt  at  and  attention  of  the  an- 
cestors of  the  present  Duke  of  Northumberland  that  this  country 
and  the  world  are  indebted  for  a  tribe  of  cattle  which  Mr.  Charles 
Colling  repeatedly  assured  mo  was  the  best  he  ever  had  or  ever 


was 


THOMAS   BATES   AM>   tHF    BTrnx.^ 

'HE    DUCHESSES.  99 

saw.    As  a  proof  that  fcl 

meutiou  that  the  Duke  0/ North^uiTr^^  "°der  my  care  1  may 
ttu-a  less  food  than  my  flrsf  Cc^s  !-  h''  "^  ^°'^^"'"-  "n- 
hcT  mi  k  yields  one-third  more  bulr  ^  '"^  "'  ^'<^'  ^^^  that 
win  0  there  is  also  a  greater  growth  o  ""'^  ^"^^"^  «^  °^"k, 

aptitude  to  fatten.  ^'^°^**'  "^  carcass  and  an  increased 

"It  is  now  above  sixty 

thoimportanceof  seleetii  the'vervt  1^''^'°'  i^^Prossed  with 
lor  twenty-five  years  afterward  7,  T  ^"^""^^^  »«  breed  from 
taming  the  merits  of  the  vaHou^  J  T'  '^o  opportunity  of  asco^^ 
only  then  that  this  eould  birne  1^:  "'  ^^^-^-^---  It"i 
■emanung  of  the  many  excellent  cattTeh'  '"  ""'"''^  ^  ^^^"^^  "ow 
became  possessed  of  the  tribe  rt  '"^  existence.    Since 

had  not  Duchess  blood-exceDt  r  ^!f  ''"^^^^  ^^^'^  ^ny  bulls  t'? 
last  bull  of  a  long  race  or:Sl-d:  I!'"'^  ^l'''^'  ^^  ^^  --ho 
l>erceivmg  immediately  the  error    '^"'^'^  Short-horns-without 

As  the  post  hour  draw«  r,    '    t 
able  you  to  print  this  letter  inthl    *""'*  oonclude  in  order  to  en 
of  'The  Duke'  and  his  dam     T^   '"'"'"  ^^^^^ -^^h  the  portraitJ 
them  Justice.    They  musf  b"  seen^M  ^^^^  -3^ -tist  ct  do 
^ed  he  more  their  excellence  wm  anno      .'""''^  *^^^  ^'^  ^^^m' 
but  tJ,ere  are  feu,  gooa  Jua„cs-^alZuaT    "  '^  *"""  oonnoisseur, 

Importance  of  tabulated  ped^^^^^^^^  .. 

^^ates  had  submitted  fori)„hir7-^  f'~~^'  ^^' 
tl^i«  eulogy  of  the  Du.hess  t t'f '^^^^  "^"^^  ^^^^^^ 
^^^^>»l^^tion  of  the  l)u  e  of^^^H^'^'^^j'"^^^^ 
pedigree  the  propriet  of  ^^f*^^""^berland's 
count  of  the  iLX  of'  the  ^^'^^^^^^i"^  -^  ac- 
the  Duchess  line  mtht  ]"?'''"  ^"^'  *^^^t  of 

Blot  out  the  iCf  s  b  r.    ''f  f  ^'^'^^*^d- 
f  1  Kose  ano  Ma?r£'thi' ^^ 
there  remains  but  a ''th/,^        Pedigree  and 
Duchess  sermon    4n!;;^  ^l"^"  *^  P^'^^^i^  a 

time/'thebestbullthei^P.n  l.^'*  ^""  ^^  ^is 
levington  ever  b^d  th^," 'iTf '^^"^^^^^^^^^rk- 
a^ysumcouldha"';etV^d  l^ 

'pen  Had,  was  indeed  a  credit 


!l 


!l    11 


100 


A   HISTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


to  the  skill  and  judgment  of  Thomas  Bates, 
but  he  carried   only  25  per   cent  of   Duchess 


.to 


DrKK  OP  NonTnrMBBRLAND  (1940) 


on   ^RJ 
CO         p 

£       "I 


a 
(t 

3 

» 

a 


2.      i» 


(t  503 

B 
V) 


(t)    cc  3 


OH 
2M 


as 


!1  I 


HP 

e  -I 

go- 

o  -) 
c  c 


ea  as- 


00  i3 


S' 


Pa 

% 
O 

a 


to 


fD  a 

m  «• 

-   o 

^^ 

^2 
o 

a 


,0-0  c  a 


a;  3. 

CD  ^ 
Cr  to 

o 
►1 

« 


o  u 
-  o 

o-a 
to* 


Cl>ri 

O  CD 

o-a 


(Dp     "-J  P3 


O         t" 
CD 


(t  a 
"I  2 

0)  .-^ 

-I 
o 
1 


g 


CD    r« 

1)   D 

<<  o« 

< 
O 

a 


•-)  SD     Oft! 

o-a  c2 

2  JO  pTo 

SSSS 

3 1 


CO  '^ 

< 
o 

1 


g  ? 


blood.    Moreover  his  dam,  the  prize  cow  Duch- 
ess 34th— 50  per  cent  Princess  blood— was  a 


Bates, 
uchess 


CO  "^ 

<) 
O 

8 


vas  a 


I 


I  tetter 

I I  is  HI 

CSS  l'(»,S 

iiiy  Sli 

Diichof 

Wei 

iiinher] 

liorn    ] 

style  t 

ill  estiii 

fosterec 

I'c^nstra 

go rates 

poi'tion 

strange 

Duke  of 
T.  Bates ;  g 
(170(i; ;  sec 
Duchess  30 
Marske  (41^ 
Duchess  1st 
(186) ;  eight 

Clearl; 
Ue  was  1 
are  conci 
all,  as  we 
the  Stan 
the  ''anc 
thumber] 
great  bu] 
nlittion. 
laurel  wi 


THOMAS    HATES    AND   THK    I)I!(-IIEnskS.        lOl 

better  beast  than  either  niidicss  29th  ov  "Oth 
It  KS  apparent.  tli,n-,.f„ro,  that  Prin(;ess  „n  l)"„-h- 
css  ,-es„lt«l,  as  Jiates  ha,l  predicted,  in  i.r,„l„c- 
nife'  Sh„rt-horns  superior  even  to  the  original 
Ihirhcsses. 

We  need  hut  print  the  same  Diiko  of  Norih- 
iMohor  and  pedigree  in  the  regnlation  Khort- 
l.oHi    Herd    ](„olc   and   Short-horn    eatalof,n,e 
style  to  show  how  a  miscarriage  of  justieo 
m  estnnating  family  credits  has  been  bred  and 
tostered   by  a  pernicious  system  of   pedigree 
ri'sistration;  a  system  that  so  palpably  exag- 
fe'erates  the  relative  importance  of  a  certain 
l>ort.on  o    the  maternal  ancestry  that  it  seems 
strange  that  it  should  still  be  tole.-ated 

nroii)  •    «pL„h    1         ;r        <^'"^)'dam  Duchess34th  by  Belvcdoro 

Ma„.e  (4,8,  ;  ^L'T^  D-lS^b^Tcrrt  rm°''  T,  '' 
Duchess  1st  bv  Comot  nv.^ .       """  "^'"^^^"on  1st  (<09) ;  sixth  dam 

Cleariy  one  would  say  this  is  a  Duchess  bull. 

0  was  not,  however,  so  far  as  blood  elements 

..  e  concerned,  entitled  to  such  appellation  at 

t  e  Itlnvv  "['p'''""''^'  •^'^''""-    J' "*  how  much 
the  Stauwick  Cow,  or  "my  first  Duchess,"  or 

he     ancestors  of  the  present  Duke  of  Nor- 

S  b^rf '  ':i  *"  '"^•'^'^  *"«  -evit  of  thL 
!   rion      T    <■        '  ^«"-«"'Jeut  from  our  tab- 
"l.ition.     .Tust.ce  compels  the  placing  of  the     " 
laurel  wreath  rather  npou  Thomas  B^tes  ^ 


i     '    i 


102 


A  hikStoky  of  shokt-horn  cattle. 


his  great  ''find"  at  Wolviston,  the  1  ,incess  bull 
Belvedere.  The  merit  of  tlie  earlier  Duch- 
esses had  been  largely  lost  through  excessive 
inbreeding.  The  Princess-and-Oxford  crossed 
stock  that  acquired  fame  under  the  Duchess 
name  in  the  Short-horn  world  were  in  truth 
fiates  cattle,  but  had  oidy  a  small  percentage 
of  the  old  Duchess  blood. 

The  responsibility  for  the  existing  scheme  of 
^hort-horn  tribal  nomenclature  and  prevailing 
methods  of  herd-book  registration  does  not  rest 
entirely  upon  Mr.  Bates,    We  only  use  this  case 
as  an  illustration  of  the  fact  that  the  system 
IS  calculated  to  befog  rather  than  enlighten 
those  who  seek  to  fathom  the  depths  of  Short- 
horn pedigree  records.     One  has  but  to  tran- 
scribe to  a  tabiil  ited  blank  the  pedigree  of  any 
animal  recorded  in  the  Short-horn  Herd  Books 
of  Great  Britain  and  America  to  see  at  a  glance 
what  an  absurdly  small  proportion  of  the  an- 
cestry is  presented.     Those  who  have  all  the 
lierd  books  at  their  command  can  under  the 
present  system,  it  is  true,  ferret  out  the  facts  as 
to  the  blood  lines  of  their  cattle,  but  until  the 
tabulation  method  is  adopted   for  catalogues 
and  transfer  certificates  the  average  buyer  will 
possess  but  the  mere  shadow  of  a  pedi^^ree 
M^^f  Waterloos.- During  the  same  year  that 
Mr.  Bates  bought  Belvedere  and  the  Matchem 
Cow  he  had  purchased  from  Thomas  Parkin  of 


THOMAS    BATES    AND   THE    DUCHESSES.        103 

Thorpe,  in  the  County  of  Durham,  "a  short- 
legged,  wide,  red  cow,  with  the  look  of  a  pure 
Short-horn."    She  carried  a  double  cross  of  the 
Princess  bull  Waterloo  (281 G),  and  was  doubt- 
less descended  all  around  from  a  well-bred  an- 
cestry.   That  she  was  a  cow  of  marked  individ- 
ual merit  seems  clear  from  the  fact  that  s^  e 
was  one  of  the  five  "top"  females  chosen  to  be 
sent  to  be  bred  to  Norfolk  (2877)     A  heifer 
(Waterloo  3d)  resulted  from  that  service  and 
she  became  the  ancestress  of  a  fine  family  of 
cattle  still  bearing  her  name.    The  Waterloos 
were  for  years  distinguished  for  their  thick 
mellow  flesh  and  furry  coats,  and  during  the 
days  when  bhort-horn  fanciers  wei-e  paying  all 
sorts  of  extravagant  prices  the  tribe  steadily 
maintained  Us  outstanding  merit.    Indeed  it  is 
doubtful  if  any  other  one  of  the  Bates  families 
held  Its  character  so  persistently  for  so  many 
years  under  the  stress  of  continued  line  breed- 
ing,   further  evidence  of  the  original  excel- 
ence  of  the  Waterloos  is  afforded  by  the  fact 
hat  Waterloos  12th  and  18th  were  the  only 
females  bought  at  the  Bates  dispersion  by  two 
shrewd  Scottish  breeders  in  attendance,  viz  , 
Amos  Cruickshank  of  Sittyton  and  W.  Hay  of 
*Shethin.  "^ 

Wild  Eyes  Tribe.-This  family  traces  de- 
scent from  a  roau  heifer  calf  bought  at  a  sale 
niiide  by  Mr.  Parrington  at  Middlesbrough  in 


!  r  I 


104 


A   HISTORY    OF    SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


April,  1832,  for  £3.  She  had  seven  crosses  of 
registered  bulls  on  a  foundation  laid  in  the 
herd  of  Mr.  Dobinson.  Bates  claimed  that 
through  this  heifer  (Wild  Eyes)  he  got  ''the 
only  good  blood  (Dobinson's)  that  the  Colling 
herds  did  not  contain."  Her  sire,  Emperor 
(1974),  was  sold  to  the  Russian  Government. 
At  the  date  of  the  Kirklevington  dispersion 
sale  this  was  the  most  numerous  sort  in  the 
herd. 

The  Cambridge  (Red)  Roses.-Of  this  strain 
was  2d  Hubback  and  Red  Rose  13th— the  Cam- 
bridge   prize    cow  previously  mentioned.     It 
came  into  the  herd  early  through  Red  Rose 
1st  of  Mr.  Hustler's  breeding  (by  Yarborough) 
daughter  of  the  American  Cow,  whose  history 
IS  given  in  a  preceding  chapter.    Red  Rose  5th 
of  this  family  produced  to  Belvedere  Rose  of 
Sharon,  imported  by  the  Ohio  Company,  and 
ancestress  of  the  American  tribe  of  that  name. 
Under  the  name  of  Cambridge  and  Heydon 
Roses  and  Rose  of  Sharons  the  descendants  of 
the  Cambridge  premium  cow  subsequently  be- 
came the  subject  of  extensive  speculations  on 
both  sides  the  Atlantic. 

Foggathorpe  family.— The  original  Fogga- 
thorpe  cow  cost  Mr.  Bates  £113  at  Mr.  Henry 
Edward's  sale  at  Castle  Howard  in  1839.  She 
was  a  roan,  nearly  ten  years  old  at  the  time  of 
the  purchase.    She  was  thought  to  resemble 


THOMAS  BATES  AND  THE  DUCHESSES.   105 

old  Princess  in  character  and  to  carry  the  blood 
of  Charles  Colling's  White  Bull  (151)— which 
Mr.  Bates  prized  highly.  Her  descendants, 
however,  did  not  acquire  as  much  celebrity  as 
the  other  Kirklevington  sorts. 

Blanche  or  Roan  Duchess  sort.— Another 
noted  tribe  resting  upon  a  Kirklevington  base 
was  that  of  Blanche,  derived  from  the  fine 
old  stock  of  Mr.  Hutchinson  of  Grassy  Nook. 
Bates  bred  them  for  some  time,  and  Blanche 
5th,  by  the  Duke  of  Northumberland,  produced 
K*  '"  Mr  Towneley's  hands  Roan  Duchess,  dam 
ot  the  famous  Royal  prize- winning  Roan  Duch- 
ess 2d  by  Frederick  (11489). 

The  Secrets.-This  tribe  derives  rank  as  "a 
Bates  sort"  from  the  fact  that  the  maternal 
ancestresses  were  cows  bred  and  owned  by  Mr 
Bates.  The  foundation  cow,  old  White  Rose 
was  a  half-sister  to  the  dam  of  Belvedere,  both 
bemg  daughters  of  the  Princess  bull  Young 
Wynyard     When  ten  years  old  she  was  bred 

QQcT  mu^"'"  ?^'''^'^'  ^-^^^)-     This  was  in 
ISdj.    The  produce,  the  roan  White  Rose  1st 
to  the  cover  of  Short  Tail,  gave  birth  in  1837 

0  Secret,  sold  in  1844  to  C.  W.  Harvey.  The 
tamily  derives  its  name  from  this  cow,  and  sub- 
sequently attained  reputation  in  two  directions 
to- wit.:  Bates-crossed  in  the  hands  of  English 
breeders  and  Scotch-crossed  by  Mr.  Cruickshank 
ot  feittyton.    No  representatives  of  this  (nor  of 


106 


A  HISTORY  OP  SHORT-HORN  CATTLE. 


i 

■ 

ii  ii 

I'.]   \  \ 

I 
1  ■ 

j  -l 

' 

i  J 


the  Blanche)  family  were  contained  in  tlie  herd 
at  the  date  of  its  dispersion. 

So-called  Bell-Bates  tribes.— Several  fami- 
lies of  Short-horns  built  up  under  Kirkleving- 
ton's  wing  by  Mr.  Bates'  tenants— the  Messrs. 
Bell— subsequently  shared  in  the  great  wave  of 
popularity  that  finally  set  in  toward  the  Bates 
blood.  Among  these  were  the  Ban-ingtons, 
Kirklevingtons,  Acombs,  Darlingtons,  Fletchers 
(or  Filberts),  Places,  Harts,  '^eorgianas  and 
Hudsons.  The  Messrs.  Bell  had  the  use  of  Kirk- 
levington  bulls,  and  Mr.  Bates  himself  selected 
some  of  the  foundation  dams. 

Last  appearance  in  show-yard.— For  years 
Mr.  Bates  argued  in  favor  of  prizes  at  shows  for 
family  groups,  and  in  1847,  at  the  urgent  re- 
quest of  the  Secretary  of  the  Yorkshire  Society, 
he  sent  the  roan  Oxford  2d,  then  eight  years' 
old,  along  with  the  four  youngest  of  her  progeny 
—two  bulls  and  two  heifers— and  also  one  of 
her  grandsons  to  the  Scarborough  meeting 
The  roan  bull  2d  Duke  of  Oxford  (9046),  then 
three  years  old,  was  included  in  the  lot,  and 
defeated  the  noted  Capt.  Shafto  (6833),  that  had 
been  bought  by  Mr.  Parkinson  for  325  guineas 
and  was  champion  bull  at  the  Northampton 
Koyal  a  few  weeks  previous.    All  six  of  the 
group  sent  to  Scarborough  gained  prizes. 

At  York  in  1848  Bates  again  exhibited!  but 
without  success,  receiving  but  one  prize,  a  sec- 


THOMAS    BATES   AND   THE    DUCHESSES.       107 

oud  on  M  Duke  of  Oxford.    It  is  insisted,  bow- 

faction.  This  u-as  ins  last  appearance  in  the 
.how-yard.  He  had  bitterly  opposed  the  whole 
system  of  tra.mng  cattle  for  show,*  and  was 
wont  to  ndicule  the  claims  of  most  of  The 
Winners.  ^"*^ 

Dispersion  of  the  herd,-On  the  25th  of  July 
S4 ),  at  the  age  of  seventy-four  years,  after  a 

,ites  passed  to  his  rest,  and  was  buried  in 
^.e  little  church-yard  at  Kirklevington.  "The 
DniKl  e  Is  us  that  "his  heart  was  wi  h  horn 
|"Kl  hoof  to  the  last.  Those  who  strolled  w°th 
um  in  his  pastures  recalled  how  the  cows  a„d 

-edu  to  listen  to  every  gentle  word  and  keen 
'•onmient  as  if  they  penetrated  its  impor  •  and 
"en  .en  the  last  struggle  was  nigh  Ind  e 
ooukl  wander  among  them  no  more  he  redbed 
on  some  straw  in  the  cow-honse  that  Ws  "vJ 
"light  not  lack  its  solace  "  ^ 

_0f  the  five  nephews  of  Mr.  Bates  but  one 

•'Bates  was  dlsffnatPrt  n+  tv.^  „  ' 

»bouttheU„vl„ol.,ie"B;Z-nl  ^^rr^whlch'  '"'T"^  "°"«^"««  -'•Itten 
eonsldore,!  It  liLs  duty  to  warn  o re Ig,  ^'^  l^. h"?  ""  '""'"P^""  ^''^^'  -"« 
s.on«attho  Ro.y.l  Shows,  ^Ivon  bvT,  u  '  '^  1 '  '^"'T'*"'''  <l'«thedeoi- 
i"  1.0  HuccoBB  Of  the  prize  miin.als,  we  x^ .nv  ^"rT  l^^i^-^'-ly  Interested 

'^'^'^'-■in^'ton  to  sec  BelloW  e  Tt  m7TVZ'''T  ' '''''''''  ^^  ^-" 
(•range,afewmilosofl.    Tliov  m.A  w  "  Hoppor's,  at  Newham 

;^'">^  *,I  -n  bringing  .Jf^^.J  J^™;,,-,;;;--f  Ba.os  greeted  m" 
■;v.ry  ,at  and  very  onlet.-  Hopper  who  v^s  .  t^  ^  '"'^'^  *'^''^  """  ^hat  he 
i'l-i:  ■  If  tlKifs  ,.,1,  ,.n„  can  tell  lunZ^nX'olTo'  "  T'''  '^'■•'•"«"d.  re- 
-Thma,  Bates  ana  the  KirklevU^ton  H^n-loZT '  "      ^"'^  °°  "''''^'-  ' 


108        A   HISTORY    OP   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


Edward  Bates,  had  received  a  training  in  agri- 
culture, and  he  was  living  abroad.  There  was 
no  member  of  the  family,  therefore,  to  carry  on 


KIRKLE^T  ;■  ^--ON,  NEAR  YARM,  YORKSHIRE. 


A    CATALOGUE 

OF  THE 

ENTIRE    AND    FAR-FAMED    HERD 

01'  PURE 

SHORT-HORNED     CATTLE, 

BBED  BY 

THE  LATE  THOMAS  BATE3,  ESQ. 
WHICH  WILL  BE  SOLD  BY  AUCTION, 

WITHOUT   RESERVE, 
BY    MR.   H.   STRAFFORD, 

AT  KIRKLEVTNGTON,  NEAR  YARM, 

ON    THURSDAY,   THE    9th    DAY    OF    MAY,    1850 

SALE   TO   COMMENCE   AT   ONE   O'CLOCK. 


KIRKLEVTNGTON  is  two  mllt-8  from  Yarm.  twolveiulles  from  Dar- 
m-'lon  and  twelve  iiilli-s  from  Norlliallcrton.from  wlilch  places  there 


liiif.' 


is  railway  conveyance  to  all  parts  of  the  Kingdom 


Catalosvios  may  be  had  on  application  to  Mu.  Strafford,  8,  Camden 
Villas,  Camden  Town,  London. 


LONDON : 
PRINTED  AT  "THE  MARK  LANE  EXPRESS"  OFFICE, 

2t,   NORFOLK    street,  STHAM). 


the  herd,  and  it  was  accordingly  put  up  at  auc- 
tion at  Kirklevington  May  9,  1850.     The  title- 


page 

from 

sessic 

Bu 

loos, 

elude 

an  hi; 

the  a 

or  int 

attem 

pedi^: 

was  11 

Fourth 

got  I 

dam  (Di 

g.  d.  (Di 

gr.  g.  d. 

pr.  gr.  g. 

gi'-  gr.  g] 

gr.  gr.  g] 

gr.  gr.  gi 

gr.  gr.  gi 

gr.  gr.  gr 

gr.  gr.  gr 

gr.  gr.  gr 

Brow 

A  da 
of  catt 
been  c 
previoi 
eas  ea( 
period 
price  f 
times 


THOMAS    BATES   AND   THE    DUCHESSES.       109 

page  of  the  catalogue  is  herewith  reproduced 
trom  a  copy-now  yellow  with  age-in  the  pos- 
session  of  the  author. 

1  ^^^„^,y,^,*'^,f  ilies-Duchesses,  Oxfords,  Water- 
loos  Wild  Lyes  and  Fog^athorpes-were  in- 
cluded in  the  herd  at  date  of  sale.  Nothing  of 
an  historical  or  descriptive  nature  was  given  in 
the  cata  ogue,  either  in  the  shape  of  foot-notes 
or  introductory  matter.  No  illustrations  were 
attempted,  and  the  peculiar  form  of  printing 
pedigrees,  to  which  British  breeders  still  clinif 
was  used  as  follows: 

^'"Tt^'h??"  ^'i^T^  ^'''^^^'  ''°'^"'  «^l^«d  December  22,  1846- 
got  by  Second  Duke  of  Oxford  (904C)  ' 

dam  (Duchess  Slat)  by  Cleveland  Lad  (3407) 

g.  d.  (Duchess  41st)  by  Belvedere  (1706) 

gr.  g.  d.  (Duchess  33d)  by  2d  Hubback  (1423) 

pr.  gr.  g.  d.  (Duchess  19th)  by  2d  Hubback  (1423) 

gi-.  gr.  gr.  g.  d.  (Duchess  12th)  by  The  Earl  (646) 

gr.  gr.  gr.  gr.  g.  d.  (Duchess  4th)  by  Ketton  2d  (710) 

gr.  gr.  gr.  gr.  gr.  g.  d.  (Duchess  1st)  by  Comet  (155) ' 

gr.  gr.  gr.  gr.  gr.  gr.  g.  d.  by  Favorite  (352) 
gr.  gr.  gr.  gr.  gr.  gr.  gr.  g.  d.  by  Daisy  Bull  (186) 
gr.  gr.  gr.  gr.  gr.  gr.  gr.  gr.  g.  d.  by  Favorite  (252), 
gr.  ^.  gr.  gr  gr  gr.  gr.  gr.  gr.  g.  d.  by  Hubback  (319), -by  J 
Brovrn'sRedBuIl  (97).  '    ^ 

A  darker  hour  for  the  placing  of  a  fine  herd 
ot  catt  e  upon  the  market  could  scarcely  have 
been  chosen.  At  the  Oxford  Royal,  a  decade 
previous,  Mr.  Bates  had  been  offered  400  guin- 
eas  each  for  his  prize  animals,  and  at  that 
period  he  could  doubtless  have  named  his  own 
price  for  the  Duke  of  Northumberland,  but 
^imes    had    meantime    undergone    a    serious 


no        A    HISTOHY    OF   SHORT-HOHN   CATTLE. 


lN4-i 


11 


* 


r' tinge.  Britisli  ngriciilture  was  now  pro- 
foundly depressed.  Average  prices  at  Smith- 
field  market  at  Christmas,  1850,  ranged  from 
3s.  to  3s.  lOd.  per  stone  of  eight  pounds.  It 
seemed  fairly  probable  that  the  Kirklevington 
Short-horns,  representing  the  life-work  of  one 
of  the  most  enthusiastic  breeders  England  has 
ever  known,  would  simply  be  led  to  a  sacrifice. 
Mr.  Bates  had  often  said  that  his  cattle  would 
never  be  appreciated  at  their  full  value  during 
his  own  lifetime.  He  believed  that  his  own 
estimate  of  them  would  some  day  be  accepted, 
and,  in  later  years  this  indeed  came  to  pass. 

The  attendance  was  phenomenal  in  point  of 
numbers,  being  estimated  at  five  thousand. 
America  was  represented  by  bids  from  Col.  L. 
G.  Morris  and  N.  J.  Becar.  Curiosity  attracted 
many.  Some,  who  had  felt  the  lash  of  Bates* 
free  criticism  during  his  lifetime,  w'ere  present 
to  exult  in  what  they  doubtless  hoped  would 
prove  a  Waterloo  for  the  Kirklevington  cattle. 
As  the  first  lots  passed  through,  and  the  sand  in 
the  auctioneer's  glass  ran  out  at  about  twenty 
guineas  each,  these  small-minded  individuals 
broke  into  ironical  cheers^  but  presently  the 
spirited  bidding  of  Mr.  Anthony  Maynard 
pulled  values  out  of  the  mire  and  some  good 
prices  for  the  times  were  registered.  The  roan 
4th  Duke  of  York,  then  three  years  old,  was 
conceded  to  be  the  outstanding  bull  of  the  lot, 


THOMAS   BATES   AN,,   THE    DUCHEHSKS        lU 

tion  for  him  vv«    ii      f  ""T  ""^^t-compoti- 

a«  respects  t..e  U'hess^e  !„ S^  ■". ''f -1. 
With  presented:  ^^roiUh,  is  here- 

rw      u  DUCHESSES. 

Duchess  51st,  roan,  calved  Aujr  18  184o    c  t.  .,  .  ^   ^^ 

Duchess  54th,  rod,  culvod  Oct  '10  VT^'  S'  ^^^^^'^ '''S 

Duchoss  55th,  red,  calved  Oc  "  8  '  isL    ,   '•,^^"''^°°'^ 0^  10 

Duchess 50th, red-and-wh If        ,'.~^'^^^^"cie...  110    n 

Duchess  5.th:  rl^'XX^^^f  f;;- V^^fn^^-^-'^'^^^^^^  1^ 
Duchosscst,  red  roan,  ealve;-^^  ^^^^1^  Pe;;r  ^^^ 

Du^e.d,red-a„d:;;hlte;calv.^Oct;i.;:848-Mr;Cha;;.:^^ 

Duchess  04th,  red,  calved  Auff '  lo'  lS4o"  'ir-\r. 136 

Grand  Duke  ao-84-    mn  ,.7,    "    X!  ^"■^'^-^^'ii'' Ducie. .  ino  ik 

4th  Duke  of  York  nOlO- ;  r     "^  ^'^''ruary,  1848-Mr.  Hay' '  si; 

D'^cie  . . ./..;'/;  '•«^"'  «^^ved  December,  1846-Earl 
Duke  of  Richmond  CT00i:\    «1 1 210 

Maynard  *       ''  ™"''  ^'^^a  August,  1SJ4-A  L 

5th  Dukeof  York  nnI^>J^^.  i   1 4<> 

" ..ead .„M .or.  r ortr"'""'"'"'' ■^''^«- ■^'^" s >^ 

'  "'  ^"^•'  'in  average  of  ,.,  ,„ 

illO  5s 

^xford  2d,  roan,  calved  April  "o  m^.o    at         .  ^   s. 

Ostord  6th,  red,  calved  Nov.'  c'  VsifllWrVn  '"■ "  " 

ox«»t,.,  .„a,,ca,ved  Oct.  ^  "/^«ff°x.„aVd .::::: '^  = 


112       A   HISTORY   OF  SUORT-ilORN  CATTLE. 


i 


t  H 


i « 


1  >, 

1 

! 

'  r 

Oxford  10th,  red-and-white,  calved  Dec.  80, 184»— Col.  Morris  58  11 

Oxford  nth,  roan,  culvod  Aug.  25, 1840— Earl  Ducie 181    6 

Oxford  lath,  roan,  calved  Aug.  27, 1840— Lord  Fcvershum. . .  85    1 
Oxford  13th,  roan,  calved  Jan.  7, 1850--N.  .1.  Bccar  (U.  S.  A.)  6J}    8 

Oxford  14th,  roan,  calved  March  1.  1850— Mr.  Downes 21 

2d  Duke  of  Oxford  (0040),  roan,  calved  August,  il848— Earl 

Howe no   5 

8d  Duke  of  Oxford  (0047),  roan,  calved  October,  1845— Mr. 

Robinson 04    i 

Beverley  (0664),  red-aud-white,  calved  October,  1848-Mr. 

Townshend 82  11 

18  head  sold  for  £804  12s.,  an  average  of £68  168 

WILD   EYES. 

26  head  sold  for  £1,203  6s.,  an  average  of £48    28 

WATEltLOOS. 

6  head  sold  for  £857,  an  average  of £50  10s 

CAMBKinOE   UOSE8. 

8  head  sold  for  £147,  an  average  of £49 

FOaGATHOHl'ES. 

7  head  sold  for  £328  133.,  an  average  of £46  lOs 

GENEKAL   AVEHAOES. 

68  head  sold  for  £4,558,  an  average  of £67 

15  bulls  sold  for  £1,309  7s.,  an  average  of £87    5s 

6  bull  calves  sold  for  £201  t2s.,  an  average  of £40 

22  cows  sold  for  £1,103  8s.,  an  average  of £52  17s 

16  heifers  sold  for  £1,221  8s.,  an  average  of £76    69 

10  heifer  calves  sold  for  £002  lis.,  an  average  of £66    Ss 

Sixty-four  Duchess  females.— The  following 
tabulation  showing  the  record  of  Duchess  fe- 
males in  the  hands  of  Mr.  Bates— for  which  the 
author  is  indebted  to  Mr.  Richard  Gibson— is 
worthy  of  being  incorporated  here  for  purposes 
of  reference. 

It  will  be  seen  that  there  were  but  sixty- 
four  Duchesses  all  told.  Of  these,  the  last 
(Duchess  64th)   was  calved   after   Mr.   Bates' 


1801 
1815 
181( 
18  It 
1817 
181'J 

isao 

Hll8'.'(J 
S)  1 1821 


Dudiess 

DllcllCHH 

DiK.'licsa 

Dut'llCHS 
DlU'llCHS 
Ullclu'HS 

Duchess 

Dliclicss 
Duchess  lolLsij^ 
Duchess  Il!l3i2 
Ducliess  12]  1H'>3 
Duchess  13  1823 
Ducliess  14  1823 
Duchess  1511824 
DiU'hess  It) '1824 
Duchess  lril825l 
Duchess  18  18251 
Duchess  19,1825 
DuclicHS  2011825 
Diichi'.HS  2111825 
Duchess  22,1826 
Duchess  2h'1826 
Duchess  34 '  1826 
Duchess  25il82(i  , 
Duclioas  2u'1826  1 


THOMAS   BATES   AND   THE    UOOHESSES.        1|3 

)uchess  65th,  that  probably  died    younw   as 

-or.l  l)u,Me  lecoided  the  1850  calf  of  Duchess 

05th  also  as  Duchess  65th.    Of  the  fifty-eight 

S"  E  l\r^^-\'°  ""'"'^  Provious'to 
A  .Bates  death,  which  number  includes  all 
that  lived  long  enough  to  have  nunibera  as- 

;?r!i  "i^  T  <^^*^  '^'"'  "*'')  ''■■«  recorded 
as  having  died  young;  one  (53d)  was  a  twin 

with  a  bu  ,  and  twenty-four  others  (so  far  as 
he  Herd  Book  records  inform  us)  never  pro- 
duced calves.  A  cro.ss  from  the  prolific  Wild 
tyes  tribe  might  have  materially  increaspd 
Dachess  fertilityduring  the  "forties." 

Calvet  produced. 


Name. 


Duchess 

DllcllCHH 

Duchess 

Duchess 

Duchess 

Duchess 

Duchess 

Duchess 

Duchess 

Diiclieas 

Duche.ss 

Duche.ss 

Duchess 

Duchess 

Duchess 

Diu'hcHS 

Duchess 

Duchess 

Duchesa 

DucheHs 

Duchess 

Duchess 

Duchess 

Duchess 

Duchess 

Duchess 


1808 

1812 

181,': 

18  W 

1817 

181U 

1820 

8  1820 

y  1821 

10  182- 

11 1 1322 

12(1822 

13  1823 

14  1823 
1511824 
Iti '  1824 
lril823l 
18  1825 1 
la, 1825 

20  1825 

21  1825 
22:182(i 
2,''  182B 
24 ; 182e 
25  182f! 
2(j '182(1' 


r.  &  w, 

y.  &  w. 

jr.  &  w. 

y.  r. 
r,  &  w . 
r.  &\v. 
r.  &  w. 
r.  &  w. 
r.  &  \v. 
I'.  &  w. 
r.  &  w. 


Comet.  . 

Ketton.. 

Ketton.. 

Ketton  2d.,. 

Ketton  2(1. 

Ketton  3d. 

Miirslto 

Mfirsko .' 

Miirsko 

Cleveland 

Young' Marske, 

TlieEiirl 

The  Earl 

The  Earl 

TheEarl " 

The  Earl ' 

3d  Earl 

2d  Hubhaek.   " 
~'d  Hnhb.iek.... 

2d  E.irl 

i~'d  Earl..,.  .  '" 
~'d  Hiibbaek.,;' 
'2d  Earl,.  .. 
,2d  Hubhaek," 
'2d  Hubbaek. 
,'.'d  Hubbaek  .." 


Female. 


.... 

"2 

1 

1  .... 

'"i 

.... 

"    6 
2 

•  •.. 



.... 

•  •••   . 

I. 

.... 

8 


114        A    HISTORY    OF    SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


M^. 


Name. 


Duchess  27 
Duchess  28 
Duchess  29 
Duchess  80 
Duchess  81 
Duchess  32 
Duchess  83 
Duchess  34 
DiichesB  35 
Duchess  36 
Duchess  37 
Duchess  38 
Duchess  3i) 
Duchess  40 
Duchess  41 
Di'ichess  4,! 
Duchess  43 
Duchess  44 
Duchess  45 
Ducliess  4f) 
Duchess  47 
Duchess  48 
Duchess  49 
Duchess  CO 
Duchess  61 
Duchess  53, 
Duchess  03 
Duchess  54. 
Duchess  55 
Duchess  5(i 
Duchess  57 
Duchess  58 


Duchess  59 
Duchess  CO 
DuchcHS  (il 
Duchess  (i2 
Duchess  63 
Duchess  04 


to 


1827 
1827 
1829 
1830 
1830 
1831 
1832 
1832 
1833 
1834 
1834 
1935 
1836 
1835 
1S35 
1837 
1837 
is;-i8 
1838 
1838 


r.  &w, 
r.  &  w, 
r.  &  w, 
r.  &  %\  , 
r.  &w, 
r.  &  w , 
roan, 
r.  <&  w, 
red. 
r  &w. 
r.  &  \v, 
roan, 
roan, 
roan, 
roan, 
roan, 
red. 
r.  &  \v. 
r.  A  w. 
r.  &\v. 


Stre, 


1839  i  red. 
1839  r.&w, 
18391 r.  &  w 


1839 
1S40 
1841 
1S42 
1844 
1844 
1844 
1845 
1840 


1847 
1847 
1848 
1848 
1848 


white. 

roan. 

r.  &  w. 

roan. 

red. 

red. 

r.  &,  w . 

roan. 

red. 


roan, 
red. 
roan, 
r.  &  w, 
roan. 


2dHubback 

|2dHubback 

l2dHubback   

j2dHubback 

2dHubback  

|2d  Hnbback 

Belvedere 

Uol  vedere 

Gambler 

Belvedere , .  

Belvedere 

Norfolk , 

Bel  vedere . . 

Belvedere 

Belveiere 

Belv(Hiere , 

He! vedere 

Short  Tall  , 

Short  Tall 

Short  Tall 

Short  Tall 

Short  Tail 

Short  Tail 

Duke  of  Northumberland..., 

Cleveland  Lad 

Holkar 

Dvike  of  Nortlinniberland  ... 

2d  Cleveland  Lad 

4th  Duke  of  Nortliumlierland, 
2d    Duke  of  Nortiiuniberland, 

2d  Cleveland  Lad 

Lord  Barriugton 


Total. 


1849 1  red. 


2d  Duke  of  Oxford. 
2(1  Duke  of  Oxford. 
.'(1  Duke  of  Oxford, 
.'d  Diikeof  Oxford. 
2d  Duke  of  Oxford. 
2d  Duke  of  Oxford. 


Calves  produced, 


10 
6 
20 
2J 
26 
19, 
19 
29 
19 
19 
30 
33 
30 
19 
32 
30 
34 
37 
30 
34 
3T 
30 
,30 
38 
41 
38 
41 
49 
38 
51 
50 
54 


60 
W 
51 

5fl  ' 
M  I 
65  J 


Male.      Female. 


.»  tai  sec 


a. 


s 


l\J. 


29 


16 


63 


Born  prevlona 
to  the  death  r.f 
Mr.  Bates,  July 
25.1849,  iind  ill 
that  date  not 
old  enough  to 
have  produce. 


Individual  character  of  the  cattle. — It  nuiy 
be  of  interest  to  Americim  breeders  to  know 
that,  although  the  prevailing  color  of  the  old 
Duchesses  had  been  red  and  white,  thirty-eight 
of  the  herd  of  sixty-eigiit  head  sold  in  1850 
were  roan  and  five  pure  white  in  color;  fifteen 
being  red-and-whito  and  twelve  red.    The  cou- 


"  f. 


THOMAS    BATES    AND   THE   DUCHESSBS.       115 

ceiitration  of  the   bloofl   rif  ti,     i-  , 
Belvedere  and  of  the  vhL  if  t  ^'^^-^ol^'-e-l 
-the  Cleveland  Lack-Std"^  ""^'^  ^''"^ 
Duchess  color  as  we     as  elevated  tt  """""''I 

"In  a  combination  of  those  nn^u- 
lence  in  the  Short-horn  va^  of  cauTo  >^'^  '°^^"*"*«  «-«e^ 
confidence  that  th.  Kirklevi^n  He^raJ  th'^; '^  '"^^^^^  ^''^ 
sion  was  unequaled  by  any  other  ,^n  .  •  .  *''"'' ^'^  its  disper- 

straight  and  broad  bac^  arched  and  wS'"'%  ^^^^^^cent  size, 
snug  shoulder,  dean  ne^k  J  n^t  f^l   '^""Tf'^  '''^''  ^^i^e  bosom 
bright  but  Placid  eye,  wer7featur  '^'T     '''"''  P^^'^^^e'^t  and 
which  distinguished  this  he'^fn  t L l,       "'f  "^^«««  ''^'^d  beauty 
the  hide  is  sufficiently  thid  to  ind  '  ?  "^    '^''''''  '^'^^^«^-    While 
its  elasticity  When  felt  between  the  t'" ''''^''^*  ^°^^«*"«on, 
flouting  under  the  hand  upon  trecelia^f?  '\^  thumb,  and  its 
with  the  soft  and  furry  text.m3  of    "et^Jr^';,':^  ^^??^^h'  together 
duury  degree  throughout  the  herd  exS Lnt       'r/^ ''^  ^^'^^°^- 
disposition  to  rapid  taking  on  fat     Tn  n,«      f  ^"^^'*'^  ''^  ^^'^^  and 
not  one  could  be  characterize  Us  inf.-!  '^"'*^^'-^^^'^t  head  of  cattle 
ranking  as  first-class  animals-  and  !v '"'''""' '"«^"«"'«.  ^il 
arose  it  was  only  in  reference  to  to.^,         ^'"  ''"^  ''  inferioHty 

..eS:::/r  ti''*!:;.!r."^^  ^  '-^  ^^-*  was 

wiWest\,;ea:ry i:  Si''^-'  --  *'^^ 
■stands  asubstantial  monnment  V.     f   .'.  ^^''^^ 

tl"'ough  the  efforts  o?T  Will'  m  Ho  "■""''" 
—  •  ^"ii^itiin  Housman, 


116        A    HISTORY   OF  SHORT-HORN  CATTLE. 


fell 


\&  \-  \<n 


i  ! 


:« '  '"'J 


one  of  the  most  entertaining  of  all  English 
writers  upon  Short-horn  cattle.  It  bears  this 
simple  inscription: 

THIS  MEMORIAL 
OP 

THOMAS   BATES, 

OF  KIBKLEVINGTON, 

ONB     OP    THE     MOST    DISTINGUISHED     BKEEDEBS    OP 

SHOHT-HOBN   CATTLE, 

18  UAISED  BY  A  FEW  FRIENDS  WHO  APPRECIATE 

HIS  LABOURS  FOR  THE  IMPROVEMENT  OF 

BRITISH  STOCK, 

AND  RESPECT  HIS  CHARACTER, 

BoBN  21sT  June,  1776. 
Died  26th  July,  1849. 


Drawn  from  Photograph  by  the  Authob,  1893. 


flish 
this 


i 


ft 


m 


PALM1 


The 

Royal  I 

attract! 

breed,  r 

in  forei| 

to  see  1 

and  had 

meeting 

Cambrid 

Killerby 

of  conqu 

joined — 

series  oi 

carrying 

Kingdom 

had  beer 

purposes, 

Their    qi 

easily  sui 

We  hai 

Killerby 


CHAPTER    V. 


PALMY  DAYS  AT  KILLERBY  AND  WAR- 

LABY. 

The  establishment   of   the  Yorkshire    and 
Royal  Shows  (1838-9)  proved   the  means  of 
attracting  largely-increased  attention  to  the 
oreed,  not  only  throughout  Great  Britain  but 
in  foreign  lands  as  well.    Mr.  Bates  was  quick 
to  see  the  advertising  advantages  presented, 
and  had  carried  off  high  honors  at  the  initial 
meetings  of  the  National  Show  at  Oxford  and 
Cambridge.    His  contemporary,  John  Booth  of 
Killerby,soon  followed  suit  and  began  a  career 
of  conquest-in  which  his  brother  Richard  soon 
joined-that  gave  the  Booth  cattle  for  a  long 
series  of  years  reputation  as  a  heavy  flesh- 
carrying  type  unequaled  by  any  other  in  the 
Kingdom.    Prior  to  that  time  the  Booth  herds 
had  been  kept  mainly  for  dairy  and  grazing 
purposes,  most  of   the  males  being  steerel 
iheir    quick-feeding    quality   rendered    them 
easily  susceptible  to  "training"  for  show 

We  have  already  detailed  the  division  o'f  the 
lUllerby  Herd  that  occurred  in  1814,  at  the 

(117) 


i 

.* 

i 

< 

11 

!'' 

:  i 

; 

1. 

118        A   HISTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 

time  when  Richard  Booth  hegai    breeding  at 
Studley.    To  take  the  place  at  Killerby  of  some 
of  the  cows  sent  to  Studley  Thomas  Booth 
bought  others,  which  when  crossed  with  his 
strongly-bred    bulls  gave  rise  to  three  very 
prominent  families— the  Farewells,  the  Brough- 
tons,  and  the  Dairymaids  or  Moss  Roses.     The 
matron  of  the   Farewell  tribe,  like  so  many 
other  good  ones  that  proved  successful  breed- 
ers, was  simply  a  good  market  cow,  showing 
Short-horn  breeding  and  quality,  purchased  at 
Darlington.     Among  her  descendants  were  the 
famous  trio— Faith,  Hope  and  Charity.     The 
first  Broughton  cow  came,  like  the  Fairholme 
heifers,  from  a  good  dairy  farmer,  and  of  her 
line  was  Bliss,  Blythe  and  Bonnet.     The  origi- 
nal Dairymaid  came  from  a  good  stock  of  cat- 
tle near  the  village  of  Scorton.    To  her  the 
prolific  Vivandiere,  Oampfollower  and  Soldier's 
Bride  traced  in  the  maternal  line.    To  these 
families  were  added  the  Gaudy  (or  Lady  Betty) 
sort,  bred  from  a  cow  bought  from  Mr.  Tay- 
lor of  Catterick;  the  Man talinis,  derived  from 
the  purchase  of  Sylph,  by  Remus,  from  Mrs. 
Booth's  sister.  Miss  Wright  of  Cleasby,  and  the 
Belindas,  that  originated  from  the  stock  of 
Miss  Wright  and  Mr.  Charge.    The  descend- 
ants of  these  cows,  a  portion  of  the  Halnaby 
and  Fairholme  tribes,  and  the  Bracelets  consti- 
tuted the  herd  that  graced  "  the  quiet  meadows 


KILLEEBY   AND   WARLABT.  Hg 

.lf°'1  ,f  "«■•>"  f''«m  wlience  John  Booth  se 
leo  ed  the  celebrated  show  animak  sent  to  thJ 
e  ..ly  meetings  of  the  Koyal  A>n'icuitu™i  Sn 
ciety  of  England      Ti,„  •'^,b"*'i-ituial  bo- 

J  "I  ijiif,iana.     Jhe  sensation  created  v„r 

S  rZd"Th'r"  *^  foundatrtr'tS 
Cthbrod     T    «      «"''«<"l»ently  set  in  for 

ttrt'lLrt-ho  .reCrit^ t  "T  '°^ 

-•"  t-"-«  of  Kin::;;  tSn^^'  ^^^-^ 

Bracelet  and  Necklace— Fn   min  v  i,    , 

entered  the  lists  at  the  Yo  k.hi,t  Sh      "'''! 

w.cl.  as  well  as  at  the  Yorkshire  Show  Brae  " 
It  won  first  as  cow  at  both  of  the  nat  on« 
s  ows.  and  Mantalini  first  as  two-yea  !ord 
he,  er.  In  1842  Bracelet  and  her  twfn  «  ste^^ 
llf;^"^'  «^ept  all  before  them  at  York  and 
Necklace  was  first  at  the  Bristol  Roval  P.  ■. 
says:    "To  thio  ,i„„  ;j.  •  J-^oyal.    (.,arr 

among    tho  e    w^    J'  ""  ,'"°''''^'  1"«««o" 
^     tiiose    wlio    remember    the    wnrlri 

enowned  twins  to  which  of  them  coi  d   bt 
most   justly   awarded    the    nalm    of    1 1     . 
Necklace  is  said  to  have  had'SerlrrS 

"eumd   the   shoulders.    Bracelet  had   fullei^ 


'11^' 


120   A  HISTORY  OF  SHORT-HORN  CATTLE. 


longer  and  more  level  hind  quarters."  Writing 
in  1880  John  Thornton  said:  "Many  old  breed- 
ers still  maintain  that  as  Duke  of  Northumber- 
land was  one  of  the  finest  bulls  so  Bracelet  was 
the  finest  cow  in  their  recollection."  In  1843 
Necklace  overcame  all  opposition  at  Doncaster. 
These  famous  cows  together  brought  home  as 
trophies  of  show-yard  war  some  thirty-five  class 
and  championship  prizes  and  medals;  Necklace 
finishing  her  career  by  winning  a  gold  medal 
against  thirty-seven  competitors  at  the  Smith- 
field  Fat-Stock  Show  at  London  in  1846. 

Buckingham. —  Bracelet  was  not  only  a 
reigning  show-yard  queen,  but  proved  a  grand 
breeder,  producing  the  fine  white  show  cow 
Birthday,  by  Lord  Stanley  (4269),  the  prize  bull 
Hamlet,  by  Leonard,  and  that  extraordinary 
sire  Buckingham  (3239),  the  latter  the  result  of 
mating  with  Col.  Cradock's  Mussulman  (4525). 
Buckingham  was  sold  to  Richard  Booth,  who 
had  in  the  meantime  succeeded  to  his  father's 
estate  of  Warlaby,  and  in  his  hands  proved  a 
uniform  getter  of  broad-backed,  round-ribbe-^l 
stock,  with  shapely  fore  quarters  and  well-filled 
flanks.  He  was  subsequently  let  to  Mr.  Barnes, 
who  established  a  noted  herd  of  Booth-bred 
cattle  at  Westland,  Ireland,  but  the  bull  was 
unfortunately  lost  by  the  burning  of  the  chan- 
nel steamer  that  was  conveying  him  to  the  Em- 
erald Isle.     Buckingham  introduced  the  Old 


NECKLACE  at  Six  Years 


Old. 


BRACELET  at  Fivk  Years  Oca 

■  John  Booth's  Famous  Royal  Ppr.n  w 

■  Prize- Winning  Twins. 


('lierry 

tnited 

cross   I 

for  gen 

needed 

Buckin/ 

uable  p 

Blosson 

Bucking 

and  Bar 

ter,  Bii'i 

ning  he 

Booth's 

ful  hair 

white  bi 

2d  Duk( 

Mr.  Alex 

Another 

d{im  of  ] 

Killerby 

guinea  I 

the  red  h 

in  1844  a 

France. 

ever,  he 

noted  far 

lierd  of  ^ 

'Tewel,  tl 

Towneley 

Barinptoi 


KILLERBT    AND   WARLABY. 


121 


herry  blood  into  the  Booth  herds,  and  illus- 
trated the  vivifying  effect  of  a  judicious  out- 
cross   upon   tribes   that   had    been   interbred 
tor  generations.    No  further  proof  of  this  is 
needed  than  the  mere  mention  of  the  fact  that 
Buckingham  left  at  Warlaby,  among  other  val- 
uable  progeny,  the  celebrated  Charity,  Plum 
Blossom   Bloom,  Medora,  Vivandiere,  Isabella 
Buckingham    Vanguard,    Hopewell,  Benedict 
and  Baron  Warlaby.    Bracelet's  famous  daugh- 
ter,  Birthday,  in  turn  produced  the  prize-win- 
ning heifer  Gem  (which  Dixon  says  was  Mr. 
Booth  s  model  as  respects  compactness,  beauti- 
ful hair  and  fine,  even  quality  of  flesh)  and  the 
white  bull  Lord  George  (10439),  the  sire  of  the 
Sd  Duke  of  Athol  (1137fi),  in  the  pedigrees  of 
Mr.  Alexander's  American  Duchesses  of  Airdrie 
Another  daughter  of  Bracelet  was  Pearl,  gran- 
dam  of  Pearly,  bought  by  Col.  Towneley  at  the 
iOllerby  sale,  that  became  the  dam  of  the  500- 
gu.nea  E.nglet.    Bracelet  was  also  the  dam  of 
the  red  bull  Morning  Star  (G223),  that  was  sold 
HI  lcS44  as  a  two-year-old  to  Louis  Phillippe  of 
1- ranee.     Before  crossing   the   Channel,  how- 
ever  he  begot  Vesper,  the  ancestress  of  the 
noted  family  of  that  name  in  the  Booth-bred 
erd  of  Mr.  R  S.  Bruere.    Necklace  produced 
Jewel,  the    dam    of   Jeweller,   used    in    the 
owne  ey  herd,  the    sire    of   the    celebrated 
13arn.pton  Rose  cow  Butterfly.    Mantalini,  the 


4^: 


f  ■ 


■'  .i 


122 


A    MIHTOHY    OF    HHOUT-flORN    CATTLE. 


show-3'ard  oom[)inii()ii  of  tlio  twins,  IkkI  a 
daughter,  PelcM-ino,  fmiii  wlionce  came  those 
"throo  graces,"  Kose  of  Autumn,  Rose  of  Sum- 
mer and  Rose  of  Alhelstauo,  in  the  Imnl  of  Mr. 
Douglas  of  Athelstaueford. 

John  Booth's  sale. —After  playing  a  promi- 
nent part  ill  the  show-yard  for  a  number  of 
years  and  dnmonstrating  boymid  all  dispute 
the  flosh-making  <iualiti('s  and  prepotent  cluir- 
aetor  of  his  cattle  "the  Squire  of  Killerhy" 
sold  his  hei'd  at  auction  in  July,  1852,  the  sale 
l)eing  atten.l.Ml  i)y  breeders  from  all  parts  of 
the  Kingdom.  The  depression  prevailing  at 
the  time  of  the  IJates  sule  still  continued,  and 
some  of  the  animals  were  a  few  years  later  re- 
sold for  three  times  the  price  paid  at  the  sale. 
The  forty-four  lots  averaged  £48  12s.  Bloom 
l)rought  110  guineas  from  Mr.  Ambler,  and 
Birthright  105  guineas  from  Mr.  Douglas. 
After  the  disjiei-sion  John  Booth  did  not  again 
enpige  extensively   in   cattle-breeding. ^^^     His 

♦Mr  Booth  was  .-i  very  flne-looklufr  iniin,  iii)\v:iv.l  of  six  foot  and  flfteon 
stono,  with  ran.  I.aiul.s  iui.l  a  fm<-  .■>•<•  i  >  hou.idH.  This  was  the  sport  h  ■ 
loved  best,  and  when  1„.  wa  4  on  JacU  o'  L.iutern  or  Rob  Roy  tew  men  could 
croBH  tho  nedalo  country  with  hlni.  •  •  ♦  Ho  wis  full  of  joviality  and 
good  Htorlrs  as  well  as  (ho  noatrst  of  practical  jokes  Hla  friend  Weih- 
ercll  frenerall.v  liad  Ida  fruard  up,  but  wlien  ho  reerh-,.,i  a  l^'ttor,  apparently 
from  tho  Earl  of  Tanh,.rrllle,  sayln?  tliat  ho  was  to  h.t  and  sell  tho  wild 
While  cattle  of  Chi;.,nfrhMm.  he  puzzled  for  minutes  as  to  how  on  earth  Km 
Lordship  ever  Intended  to  eateh  tliem  and  hrhiff  them  into  the  ring  before 
he  puei.sod  tho  Joke  and  its  author  «  ♦  «  Booth  ju<lf,'ed  a  great  deal  In 
England,  and  nov;  v  w,  nt  for  great  size  either  In  a  bull  or  a  cow.  As  a  niui 
of  fino.8tea.lyjudgnu.ntinacattk-rlnfr  lie  has  perhaps  never  had  an  equal 
Hodl.d  In  I%r,  after  a  weary  twelve  months  Illness,  in  his  seventieth  ye'ir 
at  KlUerby.  and  a  memorial  window  at  Catteriek,  where  he  rests  wa.s  put 
np  by  his  friends  and  neif^-hbors  and  the  Slu,rt-horn  world  as  well.- -Saddle 
una  SirMn, 


KILLKRBY    AND   WAIU.AHY.  123 

l>rotl.er  Uichanl  l,a,l  |.„n-ha.s,.,l  Vonns  Victrix 
a  tl,e  top  price  of  tl.,  .sale  (17^'"  ».^w"l 
CI  i"^'^t^iiuu  not  Lo  Jirr  forrnpr  owner 

C.:ow„  IVinee,  hesi.Ies  two  o-hote      'iff  y  e' 
tiix  and  Venus  de  Modicis     'I'l,,,  i? A  ,  ,' 

to  Mr.  Dou-Ias  fo  •  Wn      •         '''*'f  ^"«  «<'ld 
the  ]^Mri,  l,\       •:  g"i"eas  and  .shown  at 

he  1  aris  Exposition.    At  Mr.  Booth's  death  ,Vi 

the  real  i-Pnt,,.,   •  """1'*^-    Wwubawasof 

r,  ;  .1  f   'f'"-P''A"ig  sort-  a  heavy  milker  and 

"  M  T''-    ^'"•'"'^'-  «'■-'<!  cow  in   le  herd 

3L:s'Lrorr^i::.';:t\^rr'°^^''«^''' 
^-.-i.adiii£-;i::----*g 


i  I  i' 


:  ;■ ; 


lii 


B 


124   A  HISTORY  OP  SHORT-HORN  CATTLE. 

his  skill  and  genius  recognized  as  one  uf  the 
chief  sources  of  Short-horn  excellence.  He  was 
content,  therefore,  to  leave  to  younger  men  the 
active  "pushing"  of  their  favorites.  It  is  said 
that  Richard  on  his  entrance  at  Warlaby  did 
not  at  first  contemplate  any  special  effort  in 
the  line  of  Short-horn  breeding.  Unlike  his 
brother  John — who  had  the  traditional  York- 
shire love  for  the  excitements  of  the  race- 
course and  the  hunting  field  —  Richard  had 
never  been  given  to  active  pursuits,  and  "  was 
only  a  quiet  gig-man"  from  the  early  days. 
Happily  for  the  breed,  however,  he  changed 
his  mind  in  relation  to  cattle-breeding  and  de- 
voted the  remainder  of  his  days  to  the  upbuild- 
ing of  what  was  beyond  all  question  the  most 
remarkable  herd  of  its  time  and  one  of  the 
greatest  known  in  Short-horn  history. 

Thomas  Booth  had  left  at  Warlaby  cows  of 
of  the  Halnaby  (Strawberry),  Farewell,  Blos- 
som, Broughton,  Dairymaid  and  Christen  fami- 
lies. To  this  collection  Richard  added  old  Isa- 
bella, by  Pilot,  then  in  her  sixteenth  year  but 
still  breeding.  Killerby  was  at  this  date  and 
for  some  years  afterward  in  the  ascendant  so 
far  as  public  notoriety  was  concerned.  The 
victories  of  Bracelet  and  Necklace,  of  Manta- 
lini,  Ladythorne,  Birthday  and  Hamlet  had 
drawn  all  eyes  upon  the  work  of  John  Booth, 
but  Richard  of  Warlaby  was  meantime  buck- 


KILLEKBY    AND    WABLABT.  125 

ling  on  his  armor.  He  bought  Bracelet's  son 
.K-k>„gham  bearing  50  percent  of  Old  Che  "v 
blood  from  his  brother  John;  haviralreldv 
sent  h,s  own  grand  cow,  White  Strawberry  to 
be  bulled  by  Lord  Lieutenant  (4260)  of  Mr 
Raine  s  breeding.  White  Strawberry  was  prob 
nbly  the  best  cow  at  Warl'ihv  af  fw  ? 

W  and™th!*"*'°T  V-^""  '-t-S"ed' 
Anna  and  the  roan  Isabella  by  Pilot  iha  uZ 

bast  cows  that  either  of  the  herrh.d 
vious  to  1835  Drodnppri      ti        ?  .    ,  ^^  P^®- 
nrd  r497m       P^^^'*"^®^-    The  white  bull  Leon- 
aid  (4210)  was  the  result  of  this  Bonf  h  ^o 
">non.    In  those  days  color  did  not  .5     '^ 
good  cattle  to  destruction      T  i    condemn 

-•;;;tie;  bun,  b.":.rBU^;rn~"f 

-1  wiS^s.^ead'^Z'^H'^  ''^^  ^'^^^ 

'-yinth^eC:tt;;te,S7orwtrabT^d 

confidence  in  hi<«  vni,.«  •  vvariaby  had 

in  service     His  if "  /If  '^^'^  ^^^^^  ^^^'^'^  him 
^«ivice.    liis  blood,  blended  with  thaf  r.f 

'^"^'J^nigham  through  the  veins  nff]\  , 

ffiihiYv  nf  p^  ^1   .^'/^^'^  veins  ot  that  grand 
^ii.ixy  ot  Booth-bred  cows    TssiKpH.     wu-x 
Strawberry   Brap^lpf  a   a  r^i  Isabella,   White 
fonndissuTinfr      M     "^  ^^^^'^^^^  ultimately 


ft 


'HI 


I  I 

I 

'  f  i 

(U|| 

fll 


U  sS 


'i  .ill 


126 


A  HISTORY  OF  SHORT-HORN  CATTLE. 


i  ..  \ 


m  I 


was  to  Warlaby  what  Duke  of  Northumberland 
was  to  Kirklevington  or  Champion  of  England 
to  Sittyton. 

Faith,  Hope  and  Charity. — It  was  not  until 
1846  that  Warlaby  closed  in  earnest  with  the 
ruling  ring-side  powers  of  the  United  Kingdom. 
John  Booth  was  out  with  a  strong  herd,  includ- 
ing Necklace,  Birthday,  Mantalini,  Gem  and 
Hamlet — the  latter  regarded  by  John  Booth  as 
the  best  bull  ho  ever  bred.  It  was  a  significant 
fact  that  one  of  Richard's  earliest  ventures  in 
the  show-field  had  been  made  with  a  roan  cow 
called  Faith,  of  the  Farewell  family.  She  was 
a  large  and  excellent  cow,  but  somewhat  mas- 
culine, and  could  only  get  a  second  against 
Necklace  at  the  Yorkshire  meeting,  but  her 
name  represented  the  foundation  upon  which 
Warlaby  built  for  the  future — implicit  confi- 
dence in  the  value  of  the  blood  combinations 
there  at  work.  From  ^aith  sprang  Hope  in 
the  form  of  a  roan  daughter  of  that  name^ — got 
by  the  white  bull  Leonard — that  w^ent  to  the 
Yorkshire  Show  in  1845  as  a  two-year-old  and 
there  became  one  of  the  first  of  a  long  and 
truly  regal  line  of  Warlaby  wdnners. 

In  1846  Richard  Booth  made  his  bow  at  the 
Royal,  held  that  year  in  the  Tyneside  Country, 
near  Newcastle.  Bracelet  and  Necklace  were 
there,  but  fortunately  had  graduated  into  the 
class   for  "extra  stock."     Leonard's  daughter 


JOHN  BOOTH'S  BIRTHDAY  at  Fouk  Yeaks  O 


LD. 


THP  Boo™  cow  VIVAND.ERE  ,.,■  p,vk  Y..,„, 

'       '•  I  r.Hgtiiiid. 


Hope,  1 

cows  oi 

forman 

onlydi( 

1S46,  bi 

iiig  thai 

of  Buck 

sequent 

mother 

Crow] 

breeding 

May  10, 

Leonard 

who  so  1 

sufficieni 

tion  of  a' 

Such  Win 

wand  lai 

the  lowe 

hips  to  t 

touched  ; 

were  so  \ 

her  ribs  s 

tween  th 

arched  o\ 

Hne.    It  V 

e3^e  to  det 

molded  ai 

Mr.  Booth 

those  of  h 


KILLEKBY   AND    WARLABY.  127 

Hope,  then  three  years  old,  defeated  all  other 
.ows  of  her  age  in  the  yard,  repeating  the  per 
formance  at  the  Yorkshire  at  Wakefield     Not 

ml  t  t*h ^f'"''""''  ^^^P'^  accomplish  hiS 
1S«  but  what  was  even  more  to  the  point  dur" 
.  g  that  same  year  she  produced  to  the  cover 

q»eSS:ate':r"''"'^r-"''''"*y-*hatrb- 

mother  of  ^  ""penshable  renown  as  the 

breedi^  !uuT  ^'^^''^-Tlns  extraordinary 
Mav    S  ISW  t    '  '"  ™''"'  "'■'•PP''^'  ^'y  Charity 

LeonaS    70im     TT'  ^^  ^^'^  '"^^"^  ^itz 
Leonard  (7010).    Mr.  Carr  says:   "Of  Charifv 

who  so  long  graced  the  Warlahy  pastures    tfs 

sufficien    to  say  that  she  was  II  ptsoniHca 

t.ou  of  all  that  is  beautiful  in  Short-horn  shape 

wand  tTd  :;  ""t"'^  "'  ^""^  "-*  -  "t  Sht 
rL        fl     ;^.''"'  '''^«  'ongitudinally  from 

ht  Lth        '  *°  '""^  '°'-'^"'™  ^«*i  from  th^ 

touched  at' .r'V'"'' "^  "''  ^'•''"■''"-  Wades 

vereso  blr T    "'"'^  P'*'"''  ^""^  1"arters 
weie  so  bioad,  her  crops  and  shoulders  so  f„ll 

her  nbs  so  boldly  projected,  and  ?he  space  be- 
tween them  and  the  well-cnshioued  hips  so 
arched  over  with  flesh  as  to  form  a  contimmus 

e.etodetectafaihng  point  in  this  perfectlv 

r  R    «"'u''l'^"'^  it  was  in  conseq^  nee  o 
M.  Booth's  high  appreciation  of  her  merits  and 
those  of  her  son  that  he  made  such  free  use  of 


128   A  HISTORY  OF  SHORT-HORN  CATTLE. 

Crown  Prince.  Charity  won  every  prize  for 
which  she  was  shown  save  one,  when  she  was 
beaten  as  a  calf  by  another  of  the  same  herd, 
after  which  her  career  was  one  of  unvaried 
success.  She  was  thrice  decked  with  the  white 
rosette  at  the  Royal  and  thrice  at  the  Yorkshire 
meetings." 

The  Prince  proved  probably  the  greatest 
stock-getter  of  all  the  many  celebrated  bulls  ever 
used  at  Warlaby.  He  was  never  shown,  so  val- 
uable were  his  services  in  the  breeding  herd; 
his  capacity  in  that  respect  was  attested  not 
only  by  such  champion  show  cattle  as  Necta- 
rine Blossom  and  the  four  peerless  "Queens," 
but  his  bulls— for  one  of  which,  the  champion 
Windsor,  Mr.  Booth  refused  £1,000— were  in 
demand  from  all  parts  of  the  Kingdom.  But 
one  of  his  sons,  Duke  of  Buckingham,  was  ever 
sold,  Mr.  Booth  preferring  to  retain  the  owner- 
ship of  all  They  were  let  and  used  with  re- 
markable results  on  some  of  the  best  herds  of 
their  time.  Mr.  Carr.  the  accomplished  histo- 
rian of  the  Booths,  said  of  Crown  Prince:  ''To 
the  visitor  at  Warlaby  I  would  say,  'Si  monii- 
nmitmn  requiris,  cUrumspice!''''  If  you  ayk 
where  is  his  monument,  look  around  you. 

Isabella  Buckingham  and  other  celebrities. 
—Isabella,  by  Pilot,  had  produced  nine  calves 
before  her  transfer  t»>  Warlaby,  but  she  there 
gave  birth  at  the  extreme  age  of  eighteen  years 


KII.LERBY    AND   WABLABT. 


129 


to  the  white  heifer  Isabella  (Vol.  VI  naee  40'i 
Coates'  Herd  Book),  by  Young  Matched ^4422  ,' 
hat  subsequently  produced    the  white    Fitz 
Leonard  (7010),  sire  of  Crown  Prince    1008  ) 

and  show  bull  Vanguard  (10994),  that  acquired 
fame  m  the  great  Booth-bred  herd  of  M?  Ton 

S^t"dasto«T)X*Zltr  ^'''^ 

Monk  (n824)-aIso  white"  n"   3  £  Sof 

he  Warlaby  bulls.    Carr  says  that  the  S  o 

He  wind   like  the  wool  on  a  sheep's  back" 

ab.tance.  was  a  roan,  dropped  March  29 
S4o.  and  as  her  name  implies  was  a  daughter 
he  bit;  '""  ^r'"'''^^^^-   She  thus  joined 

ws  to  th^a  "f  t."'  ''''  '""'"''''  °f  ^"  Killerby 
<  ows  to  that  of  the  queenly  Isabella.    The  "im- 

1-os.ng  grandeur"  of  the  Warlaby  Isabe  las  was 
a  theme  upon  which  admirers  of  the  herd  em- 
it 1^^  tr'l^r^l  '^''""^"'^  Buckingham  : 

U  thi  W  Tf  ""''^''  "^''"y  years  unquestioned 

son    In  r  r^u""  "°^'''  °f  ^^*7  Cherry  Bios-' 

om   by  Buckingham),  a  noble  cow  "with  mas- 

^'ve  fore  quarters  and  of  stately  presence  "Z 


■  •!,  i 
:  i 


130 


A  HISTORY  OF  SHORT-HORN  CATTLE. 


Hvst;  Isabella  Buckingham  was  first-prize  two- 
year-old,  and  Charity  the  first-prize  yearling. 
At  the  same  show  held  at  York  in  1848  Hope, 
( !harity  and  Isabella  were  all  winners.  At  the 
Norwich  Royal  of  1849  Charity  was  first  and 
Isabella  second,  Cherry  Blossom  heading  the 
post-graduate  class,  and  at  the  Highland  IShow 
at  Glasgow  they  repeated  in  Scotland  what 
they  had  accomplished  "Soutli  o'  Tweed." 

Meantime  Hope  had  produced  to  Buckingham 
the  roan  bull  Hopewell  (10332),  that  early  dem- 
onstrated his  mettle  by  winning  first  as  a  year- 
ling at  Leeds  in  1849.  Hopewell  became  a  sire 
of  great  renown,  Mr.  Booth  receiving  for  his 
services  while  on  hire  in  various  herds  the  great 
sum  of  £1,000.  To  the  cover  of  Cherry  Blos- 
som's own  brother.  Baron  Warlaby  (7813/,  Hope 
gave  birth  to  the  short-legged,  thrifty  roan  bull 
Harbinger  (10297),  that  won  as  a  yearling  at 
the  Exeter  Royal  of  1850,  an^'  afterward  proved 
a  wonderful  stock-getter,  siring  the  prize  cow 
Bridesmaid  and  Red  Rose,  the  dam  of  the  won- 
derful "Queens"  to  be  mentioned  further  on. 
He  also  becuUie  known  on  this  side  of  the  At- 
lantic as  the  sire  of  Mr.  Alexander's  imp.  Ma- 
zurka, ancestress  of  a  very  noted  Amei-ican 
tribe.  Isabella  Buckingham  was  first-prize  cow 
at  same  show. 

Windsor  (14013)  and  the  Blossoms.— We  have 
already  noted  the  appearance  of  the  first  of  this 


KILLERBY   AND   WARLABY.  131 

family.Cherry  Blossom,  in  the  show-yard  In  1851 

he  roan  four-yea.-old  cow  Plum  Ulossom  by 

Buckingham  » in  calf  to  Crown  Prince,  wo  'the 

first  pme  at  the  Windsor  Koyal,  and  in  oVto- 

calt  that  afterward  carried  all  before  him  at 
the  National  and  Northern  county  show.      In 
honor  of  his  mother's  victory  at  tL  1?„     i  t 
was  dubbed  Windsor     ''1011?!,^        .^     •''^ 
ningsatShemeldthefolSi;::L'r;'''%re 

gamed  h,  St  as  a  two-year-old  at  the  Hoyal 

Windsor  made  ten  shows  and  won  nhie  first 
przes  being  the  "bull  card"  of  the  Warln bv 
exh  bit  from  1852  tn  iQr,r.     u  vvaiiaby 

;,«  "tlm  rT  /^  to  18o5.  He  was  spoken  of 
i-s  the  Comet  of  modern  times.  A  very  sym- 
metrical anmial,  of  extraordinary  length  w^ 
a  good  masculine  head  and  horn,  a  weH-formed 
neck,  a  very  deep  and  prominent  brea  t  and 
well-covered,  obliquely-laid  shoulde  h  s  back 
was  admirably  formed-firm  and  l^ve  -and 
US  ribs  were  finely  arched  up  to  the  shoulders 
fomiHig  a  cylindrical  shape  throughout  ;h.^' 

•Plum  Blossom,  according-  to  Oarr  wan  -w  lo^^i  , 
cow  of  ,n-o.at  substance.    She  had  abundTnce  o^  h  Tf  '   T^^""'  «hort-le?ged 
a  very  sweet  head  and  hlL-h-bred    mr.  ^  ''''•  °^  "■  ""^"^  PU'-Ple  roan. 

heifoMfor  PUnn  lUossom  wa^no  iSoT  e'?'    T.''"'^  '^"^  ^""^^"^  «'  « 
fields  from  h,.,- birth)  Mr.  Kastwo^  vis  til    wI'T '""''' ^"^^^^ 
Booth,  had  th.  -a.^acity  toforoslMt  itZ^  '^^  ''•»'«  Mr. 

two.    He  made  temptinff  overtnres  to  Lf  """*'*'  she  would  ma- 
whl.l,  he  flattered  himself    he  H«er  did  n'  h'^'"  "■•inHfer  to  Towneley. 
bm  on  revlvm.  the  subject  tfu^rnne  .  Mr  B^n  ^''^'""""«d  «°  entertain 
t  matin,,  that  he  could  not  allow  lluo  .DuunM      ;'"'"''  '""  ""P^^byln- 
plum.'  '■  '""^  '^'"^  *«   P"t  In  his  thumb  and  pull  out  thla 


.awMimwiia. 


■    I- 


■li  ilf 


m\ 


132        A   HISTORY   OF    SlIOUT-UOKN    CATTLE. 

ijuaiters  were  very  long  and  flat,  his  thighs, 
tiank  and  twist  remarkably  deep  and  full,  and 
his  legs  short  and  fine  below  the  knee.  From 
the  top  of  his  shoulder  to  the  tip  of  his  brisket 
he  measured  r,  ru'  feet  ten  incht  >^."  After  win- 
ning at  tlie  Carlisle  Royal  in  1855  an  Australian 
breeder  offered  £1.000  for  him,  which  proposi- 
tion Mr.  Booth  declined.  Windsor  was  sire  of 
the  great  show  cow  Soldier's  Bride,  presently 
to  be  mentioned. 

A  few  years  later  the  big,  ali-eouquering 
Nectarine  Blossom,  by  Crown  Prince,  appeare<l. 
In  1857  she  was  the  first-prize  cow  at  York.   In 

1858  she  was  first  at  the  Eoyal,  first  at  the 
Yorkshire  and  winner  of  the  lOO-gninea  cup  at 
Durham  Show  as  best  aniuuil  in  the  yard,     in 

1859  she  was  again  first  among  cows  at  the 
Royal.  Of  this  tribe  also  was  that  broad,  thick- 
fleshed  prize  cow  Venus  Victrix,  shown  by  John 
Booth,  as  already  noticed. 

Bride,  Bridesmaid  and  Bride  Elect.  — A 
branch  of  Mr.  Booth's  favorite  old  Halnaby 
tribe  threw  out  a  blooming  bevy  of  show-yard 
favorites  between  the  years  1847  and  1857,  be- 
ginning with  Bagatelle  by  Buckingham,  and 
including  Bride  by  Hopewell  Bridesmaid  b\ 
Harbinger,  and  the  extraordinary  white  cow 
Bride  Elect  b}  Vanguard  (101)94).  The  latter 
was  regarded  as  the  wonder  of  her  day  in  re- 
ypoct  to  her  astonishing  development  of  bosom 


KII.LEKBV   AND    WAKI.ABY. 


133 


leaa  and  h„ni.    SI.e  was  a  leading  „i„„e,  ;„ 
the  Wadaby  show  l,o,-,l.  f.om  1,S.H™8 

ihe  quartette  of  "  Queen8."_The  same  Ha  i 
naby  or  Sauvvl,e.ry  tribe  that  g  ve  wSv" 

Rose  h.  H    K   ^'^''"  *"  '"^«  '""•  '^'~'»;*  Red 
(  mvv,   P  l?^f'  P'-"J"'-i»g  to  the  cover  of 

i  e^  ofT  A       '  n""  '"1''^  «'■"""  °f  "-fe° 
wueen  ot  the  Hay,  Queen  Mah,  Uueen  of  the 

(ev  T  R  M  I  *  ?;  ''■''"''  ''''«<=k  tendered  by 
M.-.  Booth,  visio"  t  IXttr^it 
«f ^tt=rf  ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ 

m  18o7^    Queen  of  the  Vale  came  forward    n 

'w  at  the  Battersea  Royal  of  1862,  receiving 

[nuie  yard.     That  same  year  she  won  the  100- 

bers?  V,,„  wua  wonuer  how  „i,.  hane  cou  d  b..;!.  '*'''*  '""''  "'^'  '^^^»»t  «•". 
h.'rnmu,s  and  fhi^^hs.  and  loinn,  rZon  a  tr?^"""'''" ''^•'^-  ^""l^  ^t 
an  alst  p lenty  for  twa  beasts!  •  ^ '  '^'""^  *"'^^»''    Why  there  be 


HP 


.i  ^ 


134        A   HISTORY   OF    SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 

guinea  cup  (•liiuni)i(»iiship  at  Durham  County 
Show.  In  1S()3,  shown  with  Soklior's  Hride, 
she  was  one  of  the  first-prize  pair  of  cows  at 
the  Worcester  lioyal,  and  first  at  the  York- 
shire, Northunil)erhina,  North  Lancashire,  Cra- 
ven, Halifax  and  Keighley  Shows. 

Queen  of  the  May  has  been  described  as  al- 
most a  model.    Her  loins  and  chine  were  broad 
and  deeply  covered,  her  head  sweetly  feminine 
and  her  shoulders,  girth  and  neck  veins  fault- 
less.   Her  quarters  were  long  and  level;  her 
only  weakness  being  at  the  thigh.     She  was 
unfortunately  permanently  injured  on  a  rail- 
way journey.    Queen  of  the  Vale  and  Queen 
Mab  were  described  in  the  Jounud  of  the  llifjli- 
land  Aynvulhu-td  Society,  f^t'ter  winning  first 
and  second  respectively  at  Perth,  in  the  follow- 
ing language: 

"Queen  of  the  Vale  is  a  cow  of  faultless  proportions,  a  perfect 
parallelofrram  in  form,  with  well-floshod,  obliquely-laid  shoulders, 
a  good  head  and  a  very  sweet  neck  and  bosom,  sweeping  finely 
into  the  shoulders,  the  points  of  which  are  completely  hidden  by 
the  full  nock  vein.    Queen  Mab  is,  if  possible,  still  more  remarka- 
ble than  her  sister  for  her  broad,  thick,  level  loins,  depth  of  twist 
and  armful  of  flank;  but  she  is  now  perhaps  less  faultless,  as  her 
hind  quarters  are  becoming  plain  and  patchy  from  fat.    She  is, 
however,  equal,  if  not  superior,  to  Queen  of  the  Vale  in  her  mar- 
velous capacity  of  girth,  fore  rib  and  bosom.    Like  her  sister  she 
maintains  her  cylindrical   proporUons  wonderfully  throughout 
the  ribs  retaining  their  circular  form  up  to  the  shoulders,  with 
which  they  blend  without  any  depression  either  at  the  crops  or 
behind  the  elbow,  and  from  thence  the  fore  quarters  taper  beauti- 
fully to  the  head." 

The  massive  Queen  of  the  Ocean  was  a  royal 
specimen  of    her  race,  with  the    traditional 


KIIJ,ERBY   AND    WAKLABY.  135 

Uooth  wealth  of  flesh,  shortness  of  leg  an.l 
perfect  fore  quartezu  The  llatte,^eaTuj"es 
called  her  "all  that  a  cow  should  he"   Ihe 

seTrat! ''""  ■;'.*'"  """  •'->- of  Bat  er! 
sea   that  won  a  lot  of  prizes  as  a  calf  and 

iTSe  N  '""  /,'"f/  "'"  <=««•*  °'  --heat 

puce  ot  800  guineas  had  been  refused  for  him 

m'  th^t^t  'f  '^  '-''-••  Q-ei"f'Z 
Th.L  ;  .>  •  "'■'^  '""''''"<'  '^  Bleat  winner 
1  hree  of  the  vctorios  of  Queen  Mai,  Nectarine 
Blossom  and  Queen  of  the  May  reduced  to  m" 
liooth's  possession  the  Durham  Society's  iw' 
guinea  challenge  cu,.,  which  thereafter  became" 
anhe.rioomof  the  house  of  Wailaby 

Vivandiere,    CampfoUower    and  ^Soldier's 

Bride  -One  of  the  most  remarkable  of  the 

Warlaby  matrons  was  the  prolific  Vivandie  e 

,t,'^"«'^'"gham.    Her  description     ndicates 

hat  she  was  what  the  Scotch  herdsmen  cal 

a  lady  coo,"  or  what  is  i„  common  cattle 

breeding  parlance  a  "breedy"  cow     Mr  Can^ 

incidentally  gives  us  Richard   fllthVs  tS" 

mony  to  be  added  to  that  of  nearly  all  other 

eminent  breeders  to  the  effect  that  good  breed 

"4r^'rr!l^  haye  good  heads.^  He    ays' 

Ihe  modest  Viyandiere,  with  her  beaut^ul 

head  was  frequently  unobserved  except  bv/hp 

admirers  of  a  well-filled  udder.  milesttoCS 

mto  notice  by  the  qaiet  observation  frorier 


WaM&i 


136   A  HISTORY  OF  SHORT-HORN  CATTLE. 


^».      ,    ,f,'! 


m 


owner  'Look  at  that  head  and  hair!'"  She 
had  ten  calves,  among  them  being  the  prJ2  9- 
winning  Prince  Alfred,  Prince  Arthur,  Wt^'- 
come,  Vivacity,  Verity,  Soldier's  Nurse,  and  the 
great  cow  Campfollower.  Prince  Alfred  gained 
many  prizes  in  1864  and  1865,  was  used  at 
Windsor,  was  let  one  year  to  the  Emperor  Na- 
poleon III  for  the  Frei^ch  Government  Experi- 
mental Farm  and  afterward  spent  two  years  at 
Lady  Pigot's;  Her  Ladyship  being  an  enthusi- 
astic breeder  of  Booth  Short-horns.,  and  produc- 
ing among  other  celebrities  Rosedale,  by  Va- 
lasco.  Mr.  Booth  did  not  make  a  practice  of 
showing  his  stock  bulls,  but  Dixon  says  that 
"old  Prince  Alfred  after  making  a  perfect 
Ulysses  of  himself  in  the  home  farms  of 
princes,  emperors  and  baronets  came  out  and 
w^as  first  in  the  bull  class  in  the  eleventh  year 
of  his  age." 

One  of  the  most  valuable  cows  ever  produced 
at  Warlaby  was  Vivandiere's  daughter  Camp- 
follower,  by  Crown  Prince.  She  was  described 
as  "a  truly  noble  cow,  with  queenly  gait." 
Moreover,  she  would  have  been  a  profitable 
cow  in  any  working  dairy.  Indeed,  she  died  at 
last  from  milk  fever,  after  giving  birth  to  the 
heifer  Soldier's  Nurse,  that  was  presented  by 
Richard  Booth  to  his  nephews  at  Killerby.  In 
the  hands  of  the  latter  the  "Nurse"  produced 
Soldier's  Dream  and  the  thick,  heavy-fleshed 


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Klr.LERRY    AiVD    WARLABY. 


137 


hull  Bngade  Major,  by  Valasco.    Campfollower 

Zp'o  w"".*?"*'"'  "^  "'""^'^  t"  the  ultimate 
ame  of  Warlaby  as  any  other  member  of  the 

m  18^9  the  celebrated  white  show  cow  Soldier's 
Uiide     As  a  yearling  the  latter  grew  into  an 
-tonish.ng  specimen  of  early  miturity   an 
tor  on  became  one  of  the  most  magn^cen 
bZtif,  I  h"'      "'^  ^^'  g'-andly-arched  ribs, 
her",      n      r;,'"'''^"'''"*  ■^^'rt-gi'-th  marking 
er  as  one  of  the  ontstanding  Short-horns  of 
her  day  and  generation.    She  traveled  the  cir- 
cuit for  several  years  with  her  renowned  stable 
eompan.on  Qneen  of  the  Ocean.  :.,  ^  the  honor 
of  defeating  that  extraordinary  .  ,w  upon  sev- 
e  al  occasions,  and  in  1865  b,«v..o  the  dam  of 
he  .mn  heifer  Bride  of  the  Vale,  sold  to  Wal- 
cott  &  Campbell  of  New  York  for$5.000.   In  the 
spring  of  1864  Campfollower  dropped  the  roan 
hH  Commander-in-Chief  (21451).  by  Valasco 

M     wl/l"  'M"'^"r  ^  '''"'=''  th«  venerable 
r..  Wetherell  said:    'Tie  is  the  best  bull  I 

have  seen  since  the  days  of  Comet."  I„  the 
hands  of  Mr  T.  C.  Booth,  who  succeeded  to  t  e 
possession  of  Warlal,y  Herd,  Commander-in- 
tUiet  acquired  international  fame 

Beath  of  Richard  Booth.-Ou  the  31st  of 
Oc  ober,  1864,  •'full  of  years  and  ho  lors,"  K di 

":    "/''^V^'   «'e   age   of   sevent^l  x. 
Shortly  before  his  death  he   had   refused  an 


*     I 


Pi 


138   A  HISTORY  OP  SHORT-HORN  CATTLE. 

offer  of  £15,000  for  his  herd,  which,  whiie  at 
that  time  reduced  lO  some  thirty  head,  included, 
among  other  "future-great"  individuals,  Lady 
Blithe's  sensational  yearling  heifer  Lady  Fra- 
grant and  Campfollower's  baby  bull  Com- 
mander-in-Chief— a  pair  destined  to  add,  in 
other  hands,  fresh  laurels  to  the  house  of 
Booth.  The  delightful  "Boswell"  of  this  re- 
markable family  of  Short-horn  breeders  (Wil- 
liam Carr)  takes  leave  of  Richard  Booth,  "the 
good  old  man,"  in  the  follow^ing  characteristic 
language : 

"He  sleeps  in  peace  beneath  the  shade  of  the  old  grey  tower 
of  Ainderby,  that  looks  down  upon  the  scene  of  his  useful  and 
quiet  labors.  But  Warlaby  is  there  otill,  and  his  kith  and  kin 
retain  its  hall  and  herd.  And  it  may  be  added — for  it  is  a  circum- 
stance too  well  known  to  ssivor  at  all  of  flattery — that  his  nephew 
and  successor,  Mr.  T.  C.  '^looth,  is  no  unworthy  or  unskillful  heir, 
while  his  amiable  w  ife  lends  a  new  charm  to  the  old  place;  and 
his  rising  family  gives  the  promise  of  the  continuance  of  the  long- 
continued  Warlaby  herd  for  generations  yet  to  come." 

The  Booth  method  of  breeding. — The  Messrs. 

Booth  always  adhered  to  t.ie  proposition  that 
they  secured  their  best  results  by  interbreed- 
ing their  own  established  tribes.  At  the  same 
time  they  were  aware  of  the  fact  that  inbreed- 
ing the  cattle  in  their  v»ossession  was  quite  a 
different  proposition  from,  and  was  probably 
attended  by  more  dangers  than,  inbreeding  as 
practiced  by  the  Collings.  In  the  latter  case 
the  cattle  that  were  incestuously  bred  had  no 
prior  relationships.     With  the  Booth  stock  as 


KILLKRBY    AND    WARLABY. 


139 


mat  ng  of  close  affinities,  as  nearly  all  ran  ba.-k 
°"S>°^"y  to  Hubb.ck  and  FavoiL  through  a 
hundred  different  channels.  So  we  find  them 
mtroducmg  at  a  comparatively  early  period  th^ 
SrTed  t  "'  ^T^'"'~^  which' Les  at 
E^l  of  rf TTf"?  ^""^  ^'^'''y  (*26!)),  of  the 
Edil  of  Carlisle's  breeding.  The  oreedinj.  of 
John  Booth's  Bracelet  to  Col.  Cradock's  Mus- 

f"  r'f  ^f  ";!  T^'"^'"'^''  ^°°*'''^  White  Straw- 
beny  to  Lord  Lieutenant,  of  Raine's   blood 
proved  to  be  wise  procedure.    Neither  Buck- 

larv  *"'!<'.  »«tf 'J"  services,  were  extraordi- 

cal  ed  ",1m"'  '•  Jl  ^'■'''   ^^^    ^^^^''r   was 
called     shabby."    But  when  the  fresh  blood 

aced  o'a"*^  •=""•'«?  by  these  bulls  was  re- 
duced to  25  per  cent,  as  found  in  their  prog- 
eny, the  result,  as  must  appear  from  the  fore- 
going recital,  was  all  tha^  could  be  des  red 

Pnnee  both  of  these  fresh  currents  met  in  di- 

"^  lor  n  ^?''^  ^'^''^'''  ""'^^  to  Bracelet, 
gave  John  Bootn's  noted  show  cow  Birthday 

l«o    late-r   attempts    at   outcrossing  were 

Zl  fbo°Th*''r'*-*  ''''  ■'"■"  Exquisite^8048) 

both  uT,o  con.sidered  at  the  time  as  having 

.een  »  .uccessfui.  Nevertheless  lsal)ella  Buck! 

'"Khaui's  daughter  Sample,  by  E..quisi  te   was 


140        A    HISTORY    OF    SHORT-HORN    CATTLE. 

bred  to  Crown  Prince,  and  the  product  of  that 
union— a  heifer  called  Specimen— was  (con- 
trary to  Mr.  Booth's  usual  practice)  bred  back 
to  her  own  sire  (Crowm  Prince);  the  double 
cross  of  that  bull  upon  the  outcrossed  cow  pro- 
ducing the  prize-winning  Lady  Grace,  that  was 
first  at  the  Cleveland  Show  at  Yarm  in  1861. 
In  her  the  true  Booth  type  w^as  completely  re- 
gained, and  her  daughter  Graceful  w^as  one  of 
a  pair  of  prize  heifers  at  Worcester  Royal. 
Carr  states  that  both  of  these  animals  were  of 
robust  constitution,  with  abundance  of  hair. 
Exquisite  was  bought  by  Messrs.  Booth  and 
Torr  at  the  Wiseton  sale  at  thirteen  months 
old  for  370  guineas.  He  is  said  to  have  had 
plenty  of  substance  and  "  a  profusion  of  beau- 
tiful hair,"  and  combined  Mason's  and  Earl 
Spencer's  blood. 

Water  King  w^as  a  roan,  bred  by  Mr.  Torr 
from  Baron  Warlaby  (7813)  out  of  the  Bates 
Waterloo  cow  Water  Witch  by  4th  Duke  of 
Northumberland  (3649).  While  Mr.  Booth  did 
not  fancy  his  calves,jet  one  of  his  daughters- 
Peach  Blossom — was  good  enough  to  go  into 
the  show  herd  in  1852,  and  won  second  to 
Bridesmaid  at  the  Royal  at  Gloucester.  A 
Water  King  heifer — Welcome,  from  Campfol- 
low^er — was  called  "homely,"  but  her  daughter 
Welcome  Hope,  by  Hopewell,  was  good.  Old 
Cuddy  said  of  her:   "Aye,  Hopewell  has  putten 


KILLEBBY    AND    WAELABY. 


141 


^,»T  .  ^  f  ""'"'^  "■''^"  he  gat  that  heifer 
;She  wad  make  »p  a  slashin'  cow,  though  she 
have  a  touch  o'  Bates  bluid  in  her;  but  then 

'  ThT'fe  °'r"  r*'  '"^'^'  "P  =''  >'eficie„cTes"; 
The  fecundity  of  the  Booth  cattle  was  un- 

1  tiey  liacl  not  been  as  intensely  bred  as  thp 

ears  bvM     R  ."""^  ^  '^"""'^  "*  ""'^^'y  «% 
nrhid  on  n         ^0^''  '''°"'"   ^^  *he   table 

We  may  conclude  this  reference  to  the  work 
ot  John  and  Richard  Booth  by  the  foHow W 
quotation  from  Saddle  and  SirLn^  ^^>^^owmg 

tice.  John,  the"de/^,7ZTi' ''  A"^^°°^  °^^'  ^"^  in  prac- 
ori^inal  tmkker  o  t;;Two'  tut  not  tt  ''"""^'  ^^^'^^^^  '^«  "^"^e 
was  n,ore  the  n.an  of Ihe  w'oHd  fond  o'f 'f  "'n'"'^"'^  "^^'^^^-  ^e 
and  always  ripe  and  ready  for'  a  ifttle  IT^'J^V''  ^^^^^« 
much  more  of  the  ditrniflpd  vL?  ^^"le  fun;  while  Richard  was 
i-omc  John  de%hted  fol  ;i  ^''t  "^°"^'^*  '°«  P^^ce  like 
Richard  never  donned  tbli^i  on  judging  expeditions,  while 
i-K  or  his  '  ease  at  r^fnot n  duHn'  °"^^  ''^^'  '^^  ^  ^""^^  '-^^- 
-e  a  few  select  stanlrd  beare  'who  wo  ifT'  *'^'  ^«  "'^^^ 
Measure  or  sympathize  w°th  hTr^  ff'  T  ^"^  '^''^^  ^''^  ^i^^ing 

^^Pt-ui  read'ysSiaVd  ne'rl't^"^^^^  John  was  an 

r^e.se„ti.ent  Which  set  the  ^r^rr^h^/::::-^ 


II' 


.tj    i 


142 


A    HISTORY    OF    SITORT-HORN    CATTLE. 


and  bowed  to  the  Chairman  and  Vice  in  turn  and  let  himself  down 
apain,  with  a  simple  word  of  thanlis  to  the  company.  One  was 
more  off-handed  and  hardly  valued  his  herd  enough ;  the  other  was 
the  man  of  business  who  appraised  it  to  a  nicety." 

The  Warlaby  i)ulls  were  for  years  in  such 
demand  that  it  was  with  difficulty  customers 
could  be  supplied.  Ireland's  Short-horn  herds 
were  fairly  dominated  by  them,  while  in  En^^- 
land  such  distinguished  })reeders  as  Lady  Pigot, 
Messrs.  Torr,  Bruere,  Outhwaite,  Peel,  Pawlett 
and  others,  by  their  intelligent  manipulation  of 
Booth  blood,  assisted  materially  in  giving  it 
that  high  renown  which  it  has  so  long  enjoyed. 


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OTHER 


The  ea 

Book  con 

breeders, 

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cic'liievem( 

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the  art  of  ^ 

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our  Americ 

be  complei 

point  to  a  fi 

or  con  temp 

leading   pic 

market. 

Mason  of 
the  cities  of 


CHAPTER    VI. 


OTHER  EMINENT  ENGLISH   BREEDERS. 

nooK  cont,i        he  names  of   many  .snopsssfnl 
''.■eeJers,  but  the  operatic,    of  most  oT then 
were  „,ore  or  less  obsnu-ed  by  the  brillw 
ju  novements  .t  Ketton.  Barmpton,  KmZ 
lurkleviugton  and  ^\•arlaby.    It  mnst  not T,' 

it      1^  Sjiort-horn-breecling  began  and  ended 
Mth  the  eminent  breede.^  mentioned  in  the 

i«vs  ''''  ''^'•''^'■^  "^  *■>--  C- 

eoni  ot  the  ti-ade  necessarily  occupy  our  atten 
tion  somewhal  to  the  disadyantige  of  otl'e; 

vorthy  worke.-s  in  the  cause  of  inrprovement 
bat  no  suryey  of  the  foundation  upon  wl.ioh 
our  A,ner,can  Short-horn-breeding  rests  wo  dd 
be  complete  without  some  reference  ar/hi! 
l.cunt  to  a  few  other  herds  that  ex iS  pr  or  to 

.  conten„,oraneous  with,  the  period  wl  en  on'^ 
leadmg  p.oneer  buyers  entered  the  ^ril 

thfdtie"  ot  rf  ^"""-^''out  midway  between 
tilt  Cities  of  Durham  and  Darlington  Mr  Chris- 

(143), 


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144    A  HISTORY  OF  SHORT-HORN  CATTLE. 

topher  Mason  of  Chilton  established  a  herd  from 
which  KirkJevington,  Killerby,  Warlaby,  Ury, 
Sittyton  and  various  American  herds  derived 
undoubted  elements  of  strength — various  de- 
tractors to  the  contrary  notwithstanding.  Mr. 
Wetherell  always  insisted  that  "Mason  got  rid 
of  the  open  shoulders  and  improved  the  fore 
quarters  generally."  The  foundation  of  the 
herd  was  drawn  largely  from  the  stock  of  Mr. 
Maynard  of  Eryholme.  One  section  of  it  de- 
scended through  Miss  Lax,  by  Dalton  Duke 
(188),  a  daughter  of  "the  beautiful  Lady  May- 
nard," bought  by  Charles  Colling,  as  detailed  iu 
a  preceding  chapter.  From  this  cow  and  her 
white  heifer,  Lily  by  Favorite  (252),  descended 
the  great  family  of  Victorias  afterward  so  pop- 
ular on  both  sides  the  Atlantic.  From  Lily's 
family  also  came  Earl  Spencer's  Hecatomb 
(2102),  that  defeated  Mr.  Bates'  renowned  Duke 
of  Northumberland  (1940)  at  York  in  1838. 
From  Lily  also  descended  Great  Mogul  (14651), 
first-prize  bull  calf  at  Salisbury  Royal;  like- 
wise Exquisite  (8048),  for  which  Messrs.  Booth 
and  Torr  paid  $1,850  as  a  yearling;  and  also 
the  Royal  prize-winning  roan  Bolivar  (25649), 
sold  to  Mr.  Brierley. 

Another  section  of  the  Chilton  herd  de- 
scended from  the  cow  Fortune,  bred  by  Charles 
Colling,  and  running  through  Bolingbroke  (86), 
Foljambe  (263)  and  Hubback  (319)  to  a  cow 


OTHER    EMINENT   ENGLISH   BREEDERS.        145 

bred  by  Mr.  Maynard.     She  proved  very  pro- 
lific, giving  Mr.  Mason  ten  calves  (of  which  six 
were  bulls)  between  1796  and  1807.    America 
IS  indebted  to  Fortune,  as   foundation  dam 
for  the  Woodburn  Miss  Wileys  and   the  fa- 
mous Bedford    and  Warfield    Loudon    Duch- 
esses.   Also  for  the  Baroness  family,  ten  of 
which  sold  at  E.  G.  Bedford's  sale  in  1874  for 
an  average  of  $600  each.    Our  Lady  Chester- 
fords  claim  a  similar  origin;  and  of  this  tribe 
was  Dodona,  a  noted  English  cow  that,  after 
having  been  sold  to  Earl  Spencer  as  barren 
in  the  skillful  hands  of  Mr.  Jonas  Webb  had 
190  descendants  within  a  period  of  twenty-five 
years.    Matchem  (2^81),  sire  of  the  Matchem 
cow  that  gave  Mr.  Bates  his  Oxford  tribe  was 
bred  by  Mason  from   a  Fortune  foundation. 
1  he  Matchem  blood  also  went  into  the  Booth 
herds.    Usurer  (9763),  used  by  Lord  Ducie  upon 
the  Bates  Duchesses,   came    from  Cassandra, 
daughter  of  Mr.  Mason's  No.  25;  and  of  simi- 
lar extraction  was  the  cow  Goodness-ances- 
tress of  the  American  family  of  that  name- 
that  sold  at  auction  in  Kentucky  for  $2,025 

Mr.  Mason  made  a  memorable  closing-out 
sale  m  1829,  which  was  largely  attended  by 
leading  breeders.  Earl  Spencer  being  one  of  the 
heaviest  buyers.  At  this  sale  the  highest- 
priced  lot  was  the  three-year-old  roan  heifer 
Lady  Sarah,  by  Satellite  (1420).  purchased  by 


tl 

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i  f- 

i) 

!    ■■ 
J'"  '■ , 

■  f, 

1    ;.t 

i 

is:   : 

'i   '   ■ 
.-  1  -lit*" 


146    A  HISTORY  OF  SHORT-HORN  CATTLE. 

Capt.  Barclay  of  Ury,  along  with  several  other 
females,  and  taken  to  Scotland.  Her  dam  was 
the  famous  Portia.  At  Ury  Lady  Sarah  was 
bred  back  to  her  own  son,  Monarch  (4495),  the 
produce  being  the  great  breeding  bull  Mahomed 
(6170),  sire  of  The  Pacha  (7612)  and  other  ani- 
mals from  whence  many  of  Scotland's  greatest 
cattle  have  descended.  From  this  same  Mason 
sale  also  came  Mary  Ann  (by  Sillery),  ances- 
tress of  a  noted  Scottish  family.  From  Mr. 
Holmes'  purchases  at  this  sale  (taken  to  Ire- 
land) Mr.  Amos  Cruickshank  afterward  ob- 
tained the  foundation  dam  of  the  Sittyton  Vic- 
torias; aiid  last,  but  by  no  means  least,  we  may 
pass  some  credit  to  Mason  of  Chilton  for  the 
ancestral  dam  of  the  now-celebrated  Cruick- 
shank bull-bre§ding  Clipper  tribe. 

Lord  Althorpe  (Earl  Spencer).— The  nobility 
displayed  interest  in  the  breed  in  the  early 
days  as  now.  One  of  the  first  to  engage  in  the 
business  was  Lord  Althorpe,  afterwards  Earl 
Spencer,  of  Wise  ton,  near  Doncaster.  He  was 
prominent  in  politics  for  many  years  and  on 
that  account  unable  to  devote  as  much  atten- 
tion to  the  work  as  tenant  farmers  could  give  to 
it,  but  he  nevertheless  managed  to  inform  him- 
self thoroughly  and  finally  accumulated  proba- 
bly the  largest  herd  of  the  day  in  England.* 

•Earl  Spencer  was  at  one  time  Chancellor  of  the  Exchequer.  Still  he 
bad  a  much  greater  passion  for  Short-horus  than  for  politics.    John  Grey  of 


Bates 

sisted 

stock, 

let  foi 

bulls, 

strain 

endea 

Bell,  \ 

Wiset( 

At  ] 

chased 

guinea 

eas,  tl 

by  We 

Favori 

that  in 

ble  bre 

of  the  1 

superio 

Althor] 

bred  to 

His  Gn 

Mason 

males  a 

Dilston,  a  m 
affrlculture, 
ill  London. 
Iiavc  long  to  ti 
In  hlsyo 
<it  Richmond 
vacations  w 
liim  wliat  lie 
replied  In  du^ 


OTHER   EMINENT    ENGLISH   BREEDERS.        147 

Bates  early  acquired  an  influence  over  him,  as- 
sisted him  in  some  of  his  selections  of  breeding 
stock,  was  frequently  his  guest  at  Wiseton,  and 
let  for  his  use  one  or  two  of  the  earlier  Duchess 
bulls,  but  subsequently  their  relations  became 
strained,  owing,  it  is  said,  to  His  Lordship's 
endeavoring  to  hire  away  from  Bates  Robert 
Bell,  whom  he  desired  to  put  in  charge  of  the 
Wiseton  Short-horns. 

At  Robert  Oolling's  sale  Lord  Althorpe  pur- 
chased the  five-year-old  cow  Nonpareil  at  370 
guineas,  the  four-year-old  Rosette  at  300  guin- 
eas, the  three-year-old  bull  Reg  -ut  (544)— all 
by  Wellington-at  145  guineas,  and  Diana,  by 
Favorite,  at  78  guineas.    Mr.  Bates  warned  him 
that  m  his  judgment  these  were  not  of  desira- 
ble breeding  on  account  of  the  large  infusion 
of  the  blood  of  Ben  (70).    He  also  advanced  the 
superior  claims  of  his  Duchesses,  and  induced 
Althorpe  to  send  the  high-priced  Rosette  to  be 
bred  to  Duke  (226),  after  which  the  Duke  bull 
His  Grace  (311)  was  hired  from  Bates.    At  the 
Mason  sale  His  Lordship  bought  sixteen  fe- 
males  and  a  bull,  paying  up  to  145  guineas. 

vaoutions  with  the  Gonu^sTchar^eJjT^  and  was  wont  to  spend  hl8 
Inn.  wl>at  ho  found  to    •   L  ^uSnt  f  T     ^^'''""'^'    ^^-  Tate  once  asked 

replied  In  due  01^^!  ph  iL     °  Come^^^^^^^^^  ''''"''  *°  ^^''^'^  "^  ^ -"^ 

oic  pnraae.      Comet  et  id  genua  omne."-Saddle  and  Sirloin. 


i 


148        A    HISTORY   OF    SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


Is '5  '      I' 


'■  'i  1 


The  Earl  was  more  or  less  of  a  speculator  in 
cattle,  but  was  credited  with  having  done  much 
toward  making  Short-horns  "fashionable" 
among  the  great  landed  proprietors.  He  is 
said  to  have  been  the  first  to  command  an  ex- 
tensive bull  trade,  and  has  been  called  a  "cow 
jobber."  His  herd  was  of  mixed  origin  and 
composition,  and  it  is  said  was  crossed  in-and- 
in^  in  imitation  of  the  Collings,  until  constitu- 
tion was  sacrificed.  This  fault  seems  to  have 
been  corrected,  however,  for  at  the  time  of 
Earl  Spencer's  death  in  the  "forties"  the  herd 
numbered  about  150  head,  and  his  legatee,  a 
Mr.  Hall,  soon  afterward  disposed  of  them  at 
public  sale  at  high  prices,  one  bull  bringing  400 
guineas,  another  370  guineas,  and  some  of  the 
cows  200  guineas  each. 

Jonas  Whitaker. — Near  the  great  manufac- 
turing city  of  Leeds,  in  Southwestern  York- 
shire, Mr.  Jonas  Whitaker,  a  Quaker  cotton- 
spinner,  built  up  at  Otley  one  of  the  ^irgest 
and  best  herds  of  its  time;  a  herd  in  which 
some  of  the  greatest  of  the  old-time  bulls  were 
used,  and  from  which  our  early  importers 
drew  some  of  their  most  valuable  material. 
Whitaker  had  more  cattle  recorded  in  the  first 
three  volumes  of  cows  in  Coates*  Herd  Book 
than  any  breeder  in  England,  Earl  Spencer  not 
excepted.  In  fact  it  w^as  due  to  his  personal 
efforts  that  Coates  was  enabled  to  issue  the 


■^ 

^1 

1' 

; 

i 

X. uU 

■i 

OTHEU   EMINENT   ENGLISH   BKEEDEKS.        149 

(irst  volume  of   the  herd    book  at  Otley  in 

ot  his  stock,  paying  as  much  attention  to  the 
udder  as  to  any  other  point  in  the  conforma- 
tion of  his  cows  and  heifers.    Among  his  most 
celebrated  bulls  were  Frederick  (1060)  and  his 
sons  Bertram  (1 716)  and  Fairfax  (1023)     Fred- 
erick was  intensely  bred  in  the  blood  of  Favor- ' 
Its  and  Comet.    Mr.  Bates'  Enchantei  (244) 
letton  3d  (849)  and  2d  Hubback  (1423)  were 
also  in  service.    From  Mason  he  had  His  High- 
ness  (2125);  from   Col.  Trotter's  came  Plalo 
(oOo)  and  from  Robert  Ceiling's  Harold  (291) 
Sir  Charles  Tempest's  Dan  O'Connell   (3557) 
also  appears  in  the  Whitaker  pedigrees 

When  the  agents  of  the  Ohio  Importing  Co 
visited  England  in  1834  they  were  much  im- 
pressed by  the  excellence  of  Mr.  Whitaker's 
lerd  and  bought  some  of  their  best  cattle  from 
liim  including  the  cow  Josephine,  by  Norfolk 

^  om  this  herd    also  came  George  Renick's 

u  Pd'm>t'  ^^ff\^'  ^"'^«"^-  The Eenicks 
u.sed  Whitaker  blood  freely  in  the  Rose  of 

Sharons.  Mr.  Rotch  and  Col.  Powell-Ameri- 
can importers  of  a  still  earlier  date-had  also 
bought  of  Whitaker.  as  will  be  detailed  further 

Whitaker  drew  his  foundation  stock  from 
the  best  of  the  old-established  herds,  and  Z 


150 


r 


■ii  lii!- 


I 


A   HISTORY   OF    SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


such  sound  old  blood  as  that  of  Charles  Col- 
ling's  Old  Daisy  and  Magdalena;  Robert  Col- 
ling's  Bright  Eyes  and  Golden  Pippin;  Mason's 
Portia;  Maj.  Rudd's  Daisys;  Mr.  Charge's  Pret- 
tymaid  and  Venus;  John  Booth's  Moss  Roses 
and  Bracelets;  Wetherell's  Rosanne,  a  Red 
Rose  through  the  American  Cow's  line;  Col. 
Trotter's  Georgiana,  the  Feldom  tribe,  from 
whence  came  the  celebrated  progeny  of  Fair 
Frances;  Miss  Fairfax,  dam  of  the  Bristol  Royal 
winner  Sir  Thomas  Fairfax ;  the  prolific  Moss 
Rose,  and  ^Nonpareil,  the  dam  of  the  great  bull 
Norfolk  (2377),  sold  to  Mr.  Fawkes  and  resorted 
to  by  Thomas  Bates.  In  fact  Bates  bought 
Nonpareil  at  Mr.  Whitaker's  dispersion  sale  of 
1833  for  102  guineas,  besides  breeding  some  of 
his  best  cows  to  her  son. 

Wetherell,  the  "Nestor"  of  the  trade.— As 
a  mere  lad  Wetherell  listened  to  the  lively 
bidding  under  the  lime  trees  at  Ketton  in  1810, 
and  like  many  others  had  an  enthusiasm  for 
the  "red,  white  and  roan  "  kindled  in  his  breast 
that  day  which  lasted  throughout  a  long 
and  useful  life.  At  the  Barmpton  sale  eight 
years  later  he  bought  Lady  Anne  at  100  guin- 
eas and  Cleopatra  at  133  guineas,  and  before 
night  had  them  lodged  at  Holm  House,  where 
he  proceeded  to  build  up  his  first  herd.  Here 
was  bred  the  famous  Rosanna  and  the  bulls 
Magnet  (2240)  and  St.  Leger  (1414),  the  latter 


OTHER    EMINENT   ENGLISH   nitBEDERS.        151 

sold  to  Mr  Rennie  for  250  guineas.    The  herd 
was  closed  out  in  1828  and  another  founded 
near  Durham  by  the  purchase  at  strong  prices 
of  good  cattle  from  contemporary  breeders 
e  gave  250  guineas  for  Emperor  (1839)  and 
100  guineas  for  his  dam  Blossom  at  Mr.  Hut- 
ton  s  sale.    Emperor  was  shown  at  the  New- 
castle I  oyal  in  1846  and  won  over  a  field  of 
twenty-lour  competitors.    He  had  in  this  herd 
also  the  celebrated  Barmpton  Rose,  and  after 

Wv  W  ."""''l?"^"'  ^'■°"'  ''«^  «he  was  sold  to 
RnZ.  !r;  ^^^  ^"^  can-ying  at  that  time 
Buttercup,  that  became  the  dam  of  Butterfly 

which  when  crossed  with  rrederick  produced  at 
lowneley  the  never-beaten  |6,000  Master  But- 
f'lr  1  l-Y^  ^?'"  ^''-  Wetherell's  third  herd 
t  n  I     J  r  f^^  Eastwood  got  Blanche  5th 
by  Duke  of  Northumberland  and  Roan  Duchess 
From  these  came  Towneley's  great  Roan  Duch-' 
ess  2d  and  the  show  heifer  Blanche  6th     An 
outbreak  of  pleuro-pneumonia  nearly  destroyed 
the  Kirkbridge  Herd  and  the  farm  had  to  be 
given  up  but  nothing  daunted  a  fourth  herd 
was  established  at  Aldbovo.    Here  he  had  in 
charge  of  his  devoted  herdsman,  John  Ward 
snch  good  ones  as  the  roan  Moss  Rose,  that 
stood  next  o  Warlaby's  Nectarine  Blossom  in 
many  a  hard-fought  battle;  the  beautiful  Stan- 
ey  Rose  "with  her  gay  little  head  and  Bride 
Meet  bosom";  the  stately  broad-backed  Lady 


Lif£a£ffili.a£:i.^qS 


152 


A  HISTORY  OF  SHORT-HORN  CATTLE. 


i 


if:' 


:!.'■ 

j^'4,  J,   ! 


Scarboro  and  the  fine  hull  Statesman,  measur- 
ing twenty-six  inches  from  "hooks"  to  tail.  At 
Aldboro  the  roan  Rosette  was  also  hred  (1856) 
and  sold  to  Mr.  Eastwood,  who  dcclaied  her  the 
"best  calf"  he  ever  saw  and  afterward  "the 
sweetest  cow."  She  was  winner  of  many  Royal 
and  other  prizes  and  challenge  cups.  This  herd 
was  at  length  dispersed  at  a  memorablo  auction 
sale  which  was  well  attended,  and  averaged 
about  seventy-three  guineas  for  forty-eight  lots. 
Stanley  Rose  topped  the  sale  amid  great  cheer- 
ing at  300  guineas  from  Lady  Pigot. 

In  the  course  of  his  long  and  active  connec- 
tion with  the  trade  Mr.  Wetherell  acquired  a 
great  fund  of  "cattle  lore,"  and  he  was  never 
happier  than  when  in  the  company  of  kindred 
spirits  with  whom  he  could  hold  discourse  on 
the  "red,  white  and  roan."  That  delightful 
"gossip"  of  days  "lang  syne,"  the  late  H.  H. 
Dixon,  who  under  the  noin  de  ])hime  of  "  The 
Druid"  has  fairly  thrown  a  glamour  of  romance 
about  the  lives  and  characters  of  the  leading 
British  breeders  and  sportsmen  of  the  olden 
times,  writing  of  Wetherell,  his  home  and  his 
friends,  says: 

"'Nestor's'  little  home  at  Aldborough  has  many  a  herd  me- 
mento on  its  walls.  There  is  the  cow  bred  by  Mr.  Thomas  Booth 
which  he  sold  at  two  years  old  to  Mr.  Carter  of  Theakstone  and 
then  bought  back  at  beef  price  and  put  to  Conius  (1861).  She  had 
three  heifers,  and  Mr.  Rennie  Sr.  of  Phantassie  bid  him  500  guin- 
eas for  them  and  ended  by  buying  the  oldest  out  of  the  pasture 
for  250  guineas     The  second  went  to  Mr.  Whitaker,    Three  roans 


OTHER   EMINENT   ENOLIHII    miEEDERS.        153 

noneaster.  Com:  ^f  said  rh'tf"'^'  '"  "^''""^  ^-^«°« 
oxisteuce.    Mr    Wethern  i  IT         ^?  "'"  ''"'^"""  ^'J'  Weaver  in 

still  a  more  owtnLnSof^^^^^  ^-^'  ^"^ 

also  to  struggle  against  rather  m,ri?/htrr^'^^'"''  '^'^°  '^'^^ 
and  kin  are  there  in  St  J  m  ,u  r.  f ''"^^«^«-  Comet's  kith 
Mason,  who  always  loved  good  hair  ""^  '^  '^'^°'"^'  ^^«^  ^^^ 

.h;anffto":atd'wu";,,ob^r'*^^'^'^  ^''-  ^etherell  never 
Sir  Tatton  Sykes  cfnt  BarH  "'A"""^*^''  '^'-  '^^^«™^«  Booth' 

"onld  be  strange  if t'didn^'s'lt'htf-,'''"^^  ^"  ^"«  ^^^"«'  ^^ 
and  tell  of  old  timos  and  Shor   horn  d  'T  '^  '"^  '"^y  ^'^'^^ 

the  flesh.    At  times  the  «.S.  ?       "^^  "^^^^^  "^^^  ^^'«»-«  "U  in 

dents.    Mr.  John  Outhwre  f.?  !     ''"'''  the  Charity  prece- 

mode  of  practice  quU  \Ti  ^own  rot  wr^^"'  ?''  ^^'^^""^  ^ 
that  learned  Baron  general  vMok!h  ^^^^^'^'^^t^r  ^^^v  courts, 
one,  if  not  two,  new  hats      ^  ""'""'^^  ^""^"^  *^«  b«^cl^  for 

•^'^ifsS^er  w"a"^\;/d^fhe^"•^"'^  '^^'^^^  *-«*'  ^"' 
Cradock,  who  glorild  i^  TJn  '^^'^"^^^^^"^trate  it  he  goes  to  Col. 

Great  Sato."  HTalwav;  nnn  Z^'V'"''''"'  ''"""'"  ^'"^  "'^«  t^'-e 
bull  trade  and  made  sStTor^^^^^^^^^^  Spencer  began  the 

the  landlords.    It  was  thrtlr  ?  '      .''  'P*'^'''  fashionable  with 

about  the  St.  L^^rti':^^:^: '?  ;,^;;  ;^^^ 

gained  to  give  £50  for  the  produce  The  E^H  "  ""V^'''  ''""- 
sacrificed  constitution-thov  had  thl  f  ''™''^*^  ^  *^"  he 

-anc-  it  was  then  th-it  M;«nn  '''"'^"^"'^"^^d  no  breasts 

bater  of  <  fool's  fit  '^nd  o^eHk^uIdoTs  "'""T'  ^"'"^*^  ^'^''^'^  ^ 
fore  quarters  and  a  good  neck  v^in  n  '  Tl  '"'^'^  ^'""'^^^  ^'^"^ 
aker  was  a  great  keeper  and  aU  fo^ ?>!"'  t''u  ""^"^'^  "^^-  Whit- 
low, light-fleshed  sort  gr'ewles  and  it,  k""^'  """^  ^"*^^'  '"«^- 
fat,  but  they  would  nofsrell  nnd  .^  1  ^°^«^-they  would  get 
-ill  stand  any  amount  of  ighp'^esll.f^^l^^.^^^^  ^^°*^^'  ^^^^^ 
of  his  confession  of  Short-horn  S" '' '  ''  ^  '""""  ''"^^•^* 

From  Wetherell's  herd  came  some  of  the 
Wiley  of  Brandsby.-Samuel  Wiley  resided 


II  ^ 


i:i   Iv 


154        A    HISTORY    OF    ailOllT-lIOHN    CATTLR. 

in  tho  East  Tiiding  of  Yorkshire;  "his  long, 
low-pitch(Hl  liouso,  with  the  dark-green  Cotoni- 
astiis  creeping  over  it  and  peeping  with  its  red 
flowrets  in  at  every  lattice,"  being  "quite  the 
realization  of  a  snug  Yorkshire  home."  He 
was  a  great  lover  of  Leicester  sheep  and  Short- 
horns, and  in  1814  began  cattle-breeding  by 
hiring  from  Wright  of  Oleasby  a  son  of  the 
$5,000  Comet.  Adonis,  another  Comet  bull, 
did  him  much  good  service,  and  w^as  followed 
by  an  own  brother,  Jupiter  (34:J),  tho  succession 
being  maintained  by  North  Star  (459)  and  Har- 
old (291),  which  were  returned  to  Robert  Col- 
ling before  the  Barmpton  sale  of  1818.  At  that 
event  he  bought  the  ten-year-old  bull  Midas 
(4135),  after  a  bit  of  warm  work  with  Sir  Wil- 
liam Cooke,  at  270  guineas.  From  Midas  he 
bred  his  great  Grazier  (1085),  that  was  used  by 
Sir  John  Johnstone,  Lord  Feversham,  Smith  of 
West  Rasen  and  others  until  fourteen  years  of 
age.  One  of  his  best  sons  was  Ganthorpe  (2049), 
bred  at  Castle  Howard.  Whitaker  blood  was 
introduced  by  Mr.  Wiley  through  His  Highness 
(2125),  an  own  brother  to  the  210-guinea  High- 
flyer at  the  Mason  sale.  Sultan  (1485),  a  de- 
scendant of  Gen.  Simson's  300-guinea  purchase, 
Mary,  at  C.  Colling's  sale,  was  a  Iso  used  after 
having  proved  his  worth  by  siring  in  Northum- 
berland a  class  of  cattle  that  the  border  breed- 
ers for  many  years  fondly  styled  "  the  good  old 


i;, 

^^^^^H 

itkuL-. 

,.,ili^V..'«: :. 

OTHER   EMINENT    vvor  r^.r    . 

«ii>KWr    KNGLISII    HUKKDERS.        155 

l>ull  circle    32'    Tr'f-  ''■"■''  ^'•"'  *'•" ''""""« 

i'^rXuti '"'  ^''^  --  -^'^--rd 

first  mil  /         ^'  'Champion  at  the  Yorkshire 
hi^t-p„ze  two-year-old  at  the  Hi-I,laud     ml 
after  beu.g  placed  second  in  the  bu  I  chalim. 
ship  at  same  show  to  Mavna.-d'Vf'  ..7  1  ^     ," 
for  1"';  m„„„     i         .   "''J^^'if- trusade  sold 

vv  ley  cattle  were  not  much  shown  for  a  num 

The   Kn-^'i'^   Commander-in-Chief. 

The   Knightley   "Rllpaiis,"_sir   Oharle, 

...ghtley  of  Fawsley  Park,  Daventry  aftei  S 


156        A    tllSTORY    OF   SHORT-HORN    CATTLE. 


Indeed,   the   "Fawsley  Fillpails,"  with    their 
'•beautiful  fore  quarters,  gay  carriage,  general 
elegance  and  strong  family  likeness,"  were  long 
recognized  on  both  sides  of  the  Atlantic  as 
constituting  a  type  within  the  breed  almost  as 
distinct  as  those  to  which  Bates  and  the  Booths 
gave  tlieir  names.    A  marked  uniformity  was 
attained  by  the  interbreeding  of  several  differ- 
ent tribes.    The  Rosys  sprang  from  a  cow  of 
that  name,  bred  by  Mr.  Barker  of  Richmond: 
the  Rubys  were  obtained  from  a  cow  of  Hon. 
C.  Arbuthnot's  breeding;  the  Primroses  came 
from  the  old  Charge  scock;  the  Quickleys  from 
a  cow  called  Valuable,  bought  from  Ma j.  Bower, 
and  the  Walnuts  from  a  Booth  foundation. 
After  a  dash  of  Booth— through  the  bulls  Argus 
(751))  and  Swing  (2721)— and  a  cross  from  Rob- 
ertson, of  Ladykirk  through  Caliph  (1774),  the 
process  of  crossing  the  descendants  of  these 
foundation  dams  w^as  begun ;  among  thv^  1  aws- 
ley-bred  sires  used  in  this  concentration  being 
the  noted  Ruby  bulls  Grey  Friar  (9172)  and 
Little  John  (4232).    A  new  element  came  in 
through  the  Arbuthnot  cow  Sylph  (ancestress 
of    the  celeln-ated   Charmer  and    Sweetheart 
families),  bought  especially  to  breed  a  bull 
from.    To  a  service  by  Little  John  she  pro- 
duced Fawsley  (GOOD,  a  sire  that  was  exten- 
sively used.    The  successful  inbreeding  of  these 
strains  was  followed  by  a  well-considered  cross 


% 


OTHER   EMINENT    ENGLISH   BREEDERS.        157 

tm^nm^r'^  *'":°"S'>  '^'  "«*ed  Earl  of 
lensoii  ot  Wolviston,  tracing  to  Angelina  bv 

1016(1706).  John  Thornton  says:  "SirCharles 

ook  a  greP,t  fancy  to  the  Eari  of  Di  blin  b„ 

he  only  opinion  that  could  be  obtained  from 

I'lm  was  tliat  'any  bull  was  big  enough  if  he 

wore  good  enough.' "  ^        ^ 

At  a  memorable  sale  held  at  Fawsley  in  1856 

he  celebrated  white  cow  Cold  Creamf  by  Ear 

th.pf  A  ^*^'^r"l''^«'  ^  great  price  for  the 
L  Iv  K^f!;"^''oi^''*'''  "f  ""«  fi»e  dairy  cow 
tiie  ivoyal  as  a  yearling,  and  was  sold  for  500 
guineas  to  Walcott  &  C.-npbell  of  Tew  Yol 
Mills  at  whose  sale  slie  brought  $3,100  and  her 

i  i^W ;  r  '"'''''^  ""^"-^  i«  often  met  with 
"  1^0  th  Country  pedigrees,  bought  by  Hav  of 
Shethin  at  the  Fawsley  sale  of  1856  foi  200 

^^.'.'^orneTftyt'kXrL^fKtrat 
n  average  of  about  foUO  eadi.    The  Ki  f4 1 
iey«  seemed  to  nick  purticularly  weU  wit 

E  1  ;'-f  ^^"T '"  «>«  '"-^ds  of  certain  easing 

t  glis  1  breeders,  and  wore  for  many  year! 

-ed  among  the  best  Short-horns  of  the 


J 


I  # 


!]? 


'r.-: 


'\  I 


'it 


158    A  HISTORY  OF  SHORT-HORN  CATTLE. 

Fawkes  of  Farnley  Hall.—"  The  vale  of  the 
Wharfe  is  adorned  with  elegant  mansions,  and 
the  views  obtained  from  the  neighboring  eleva- 
tions are  at  once  noble  and  inspiring."  So  runs 
a  paragraph  in  an  old  Yorkshire  chronicle.  It 
was  here  that  Whitaker  had  his  cattle,  and 
hard  by  the  little  market  town  of  Otley  was 
established  also  the  fine  old  herd  of  Mr.  F.  H. 
Fawkes  of  Farnley  Hall.  Whitaker's  Norfolk 
(2377),  the  grand  roan  bull  for  which  the  Ohio 
Co.  offered  $2,000  in  vain,  was  the  first  bull 
purchase,  and  in  1834  Verbena  and  Medora 
were  bought  at  Richard  Booth's  Studley  sale. 
They  were  only  "babies"  at  the  time,  but  Me- 
dora developed  into  a  noble  cow  and  produced 
nine  calves.  It  seems  that  after  Whitaker  dis- 
posed of  his  herd  in  1833  he  bought  some  three 
dozen  well-bred  Short-horn  cows  for  the  use  of 
the  help  at  the  Burley  Mills.  Mr.  Fawkes  was 
so  favorably  impressed  with  this  useful  set  of 
cows  that  he  arranged  to  have  a  number  of 
them — to  be  chosen  by  himself — bred  to  Nor- 
folk. He  was  to  pay  ten  guineas  for  each  calf 
at  a  week  old,  provided  it  "did  not  have  a  black 
nose  and  had  no  symptoms  of  unsoundness." 
Some  sixty  head  were  thus  transferred  to  Faws- 
ley,  and  the  first  ten  bull  calves  by  Norfolk  av- 
eraged 100  guineas  each.  One  of  these  was  out 
of  a  half-sister  to  the  cow  Young  Phyllis,  an- 
cestress of  the  American  family  of  that  name, 


OTHER   EMINENT   ENGLISH   BREEDERS.        159 

mlxlX^  '"T  "f""- '""  *"'«  Sir  Thomas 
Hewas  oda;fn  "''^  '""^  Yorkshire  winner, 
with  for  250  .'  ^^^Z  *"  ^-  ■^"««»  °f  Bra- 

Brawith  breeding,  Lstituted 'aS  tS  Z' 
I  irs7'"'  'r,"^='"'^  heiferfat  Se  5; 

Boo'S  ar  •  «^  «'^' >  ouH?  tt 

-the  picture  gallery  at  "the  Hall  "  '""'^ 

chm-'Sr  ofT'~f°"'  °^  "^-^  «ost  remarkable 

lease,  he  iicamv^d  ^^^^'^^    ^^   acres    under 
-ter  sheep  and  ShoiWiorns^te  hSVoite" 


m 


i.,- 
i ' 
i 

! 

i 

i 

1 

i 

i. 

160 


A   HISTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN  CATTLE. 


'  rent-payers."  The  latter  he  bred  along  inde- 
pendent lines  for  some  twenty  years,  but  in 
1844  he  took  the  oath  of  allegiance  to  the  house 
of  Booth.,  beginning  with  two  years'  service 
from  the  white  Lord  Lieutenant- White  Straw- 
berry bull  Leonard  (4210).  Vanguard  (10994), 
by  Buckingham  out  of  Young  Isabella,  came 
for  six  years  and  left  a  grand  set  of  cows,  pos- 
sessing great  scale,  deep  flesh  and  rare  coats. 
He  was  exchanged  for  one  year  for  Crown 
Prince,  and  left  altogether  some  200  calves. 
Baron  Warlaby  (7813) — by  Buckingham — Hope- 
well, British  Prince,  Fitzclarence,  Royal  Bride- 
groom, Prince  of  Warlaby,  Leonidas,  Monk, 
Lord  Blithe  and  Mountain  Chief  were  all  hired 
from  Richard  Booth,  and  from  Barnes  of  Ire- 
land came  Dr.  McHale  and  The  Druid.  From 
his  own  Booth-bred  stock  were  derived  such 
sires  as  Booth  Royal,  Breastplate,  Killerby 
Monk  and  Blinkhoolie. 

Torr's  herd  became  in  its  latter  days  one  of 
the  most  celebrated  in  England,  and  its  disper- 
sion was  marked  by  most  extraordinary  prices. 
As  this  did  not  occur,  however,  until  1875  we 
will  reserve  further  details  for  a  subsequent 
chapter. 

The  long  roll  of  honor. — To  undertake  in- 
dividual comment  upon  the  work  of  all  who 
are  specially  deserving  by  reason  of  their  suc- 
cess in  breeding,  from  the  days  of  the  Colliugs 


19 


OTHER   EMINENT   ENGLISH   BREEDERS.        161 

down  to  the  great  rise  of  the  Bates  and  Booth 
power,  IS  indeed  a  hopeless  task.    The  records 
of  Coates'  Herd  Book  and  of  the  English  sale- 
rings  and  show-yards  abound  in  evidence  of  the 
fact  that  hundreds  of  strong,  sturdy  characters 
in  various  parts  of  the  United  Kingdom  were  en- 
gaged in  the  upbuilding  of  the  breed.   We  can- 
not indeed  begin  to  mention  in  this  connection 
even  the  names  of  all  who  have  earned  the 
gratitude  of  posterity  for  their  intelligent  de- 
votion to  the  work  of  Short-horn  improvement 
We  have  only  given  place  in  this  chapter  to  the 
foregoing  personal  references  by  way  of  em- 
phasizing the  fact  that  the  breed  did  not  lack 
intelligent  champions  outside  of  the  recognized 
leaders  in  the  work.    Those  named  were  per- 
haps not  more  worthy  than  many  of  their  con- 
temporaries, but  to  particularize  further  would 
burden  our  work  too  heavily  with  foundation 
facts. 

We  would  feign  dwell  here  upon  what  was 
done  by  such  men  as  the  Jobsons,  Charge  of 
Darlington,  Lawson  of  Stapleton,  Cattley  of 
Brandsby,  Col.  Cradock,  R.  Thornton,  Messrs. 
Lrofton,  George  Coates,  the  Wrights  of  Cleasby 
bir  C.  R.  Tempest,  Champion  of  Blyth,  Unthank 
of  Penrith,  Smith  of  West  Rasen,  A.  L.  and  J. 
C.  Mayiiard,  Maj.  Bower,  Hon.  J.  Simpson,  Col. 
Trotter,  W.  i\  Paley,  R.  H.  Berry,  Lax  of 
Liavensworth,  Maj.  Rudd,  Raine,  B.  Wilson  of 


I 


U.I 


162   A  HISTORY  OF  SHORT-HORN  CATTLE. 

Brawith,  Wilkinson  of  Lenton,  Capt.  Barclay  of 
Ury,  Amoy  Cruickshank,  Rennie  of  Phantassie, 
Robertson  of  Ladykirk,  Grant  Duff  of  Eden,  and 
point  out  the  distinguished  service  rendered  to 

the  breed  in  its  earlier  years  by  such  noblemen  as 
the  Earl  of  Carlisle  of  Castle  Howard,  Yorkshire; 
the  Marquis  of  Exeter,  Stamford;  the  Dukes 
of  Leeds  and  of  Buccleuch,  Earl  Brownlow  and 
other  great  landed  proprietors.  We  are  tempted 
here  also  to  go  into  the  operations  of  Earl  Du- 
cie  of  Tortworth,  Bowly  of  Siddington,  Bruere 
of  Braithwaite,  Peel  of  Knowlmere,  Col.  Towne- 
ley  and  others  who  carried  the  colors  of  the 
reds,  whites  and  roans  to  such  grea*^  heights  at 
a  little  later  period,  but  we  have  now  reached 
the  point  where  we  must  begin  our  account  of 
the  breed  in  the  New  World,  in  the  course  of 
which  we  shall  have  occasion  to  revert  not  only 
to  some  of  these  but  to  the  herds  of  Scotland. 

The  visitor  in  Britain  will  find  many  memo- 
rials of  Wellington  and  Nelson.  The  heroes 
of  Waterloo  and  Trafalgar  England  has  indeed 
not  forgotten.  Her  parks  and  public  places 
are  decorated  by  captured  cannon.  Deep  down 
in  their  hearts,  however,  the  English  people 
have  an  equal  pride  in  what  has  been  accom- 
plished in  their  pastures  and  paddocks.  The 
paths  of  peace  have  indeed  yielded  to  them 
''victories  no  less  renowned  than  those  of  war" 
The  wealth,  the  brains,  the  persistence  of  the 


OTHER   EMIKBNT   ENGLISH    BREEDERS.       163 

lintish  nation  have  joined  with  Nature  in  de 
e  opmg  an  ag,-icultnre  that  has  proved  Lit" 
fiil  beyond  compare  in  the  production  nf 
proved  varieties  of  flesh-bear'ng  aSls     Z 
National  memorial  is  needed  to  commemorate 
he  tnumphs  of  men  like  those  who"e"ames 
liave  been  enumerated  in  this  and  nl   T 
chapters.    They  have  won  Sr  wa/KHf 

rxr::r  if rrrr^ "  ''^""^'°- 

practical  and  patriot?.    T  ""  Peaceful, 


CHAPTER    VII. 


m 


FIRST  IMPORTATIONS  TO  AMERICA. 

From  the  green  pastures  of  Old  England  to 
the  Western  shores  of  the  stormy  North  At- 
lantic was  indeed  "a  far  cry"  to  those  enter- 
prising pioneers  who  first  conceived  the  idea  of 
transplanting  Short-horns  from  these  ancestral 
herds  to  the  virgin  soil  of  the  United  States. 
Ocean  cables  and  fast  "liners  "  were  not  at  their 
command.  Three  thousand  miles  of  watery 
waste  had  to  be  traversed  by  vessels  sailing  at 
the  mercy  of  iEolus,  and  the  god  of  the  winds 
was  not  always  in  a  propitious  mood.  How- 
ever, this  did  not  operate  as  a  bar  upon  the 
aspirations  of  those  who,  knowing  the  merit 
of  the  newly-established  Short-horn  breed,  de- 
termined to  introduce  the  blood  in  the  seaboard 
States.  Unfortunately  we  have  no  verified  rec- 
ords as  to  earliest  shipments. 

Virginia  in  the  Van.— The  Republic  is  in- 
debted to  the  Old  Dominion  for  the  primal  im- 
portation of  Short-horn  cattle.  No  sooner  had 
the  war  of  the  Revolution  reached  a  trium- 
phant termination  under  the  masterly  guidance 
of  the  great  Virginian  than  the  work  of  pro- 

(164) 


FIRST   IMPORTATIONS   TO    AMERICA. 


165 


vidmg  the  ways  and  means  for  a  more  diversi- 
hed  system  of  agriculture  was  taken  up  by  the 
farmers  and  planters  of  that  section.    Some- 
thing more  than  tobacco  was  wanted.    The 
historic  "valley"  was  really  well  adapted  to 
the  requirements  of  live-stock  husbandry     As 
nearly  as  can  be  ascertained  at  this  late  day  it 
was  in  1783  that  the  first  improved  cattle  were 
purchased  in  England  for  Virginia.    A  Mr.  Mil- 
ler of  that  State,  in  connection  with  Mr.  Gough 
of  Baltimore,  must  be  given  credit  for  the  ini- 
tial shipment.    As  to  the  number  purchased  no 
record  has  been  preserved.    As  to  their  charac- 
ter we  only  know  that  they  represented  two 
distinct  types-one  known  locally  as  the  milk 
breed  and  the  other  as  the  heef  breed 

Character  of  the  Gough  &  Miller  cattle.- 
1  he   milk  breed  "  was  described  as  having  short 
horns  and  heavy  and  compact  carcasses,  the 
cows  displaying  marked  dairy  propensities.    In 
color  they  were  red,  red-and-white  and  roan- 
proof  positive  that  they  were  of  Short-horn 
origin.    The  stock  of  the  "beef  breed"  were 
longer-horned  and  "rangier"  in  conformation, 
riiey  lacked  the  smooth,  even  lines  of  the  so- 
called  'milk  breed  "and  were  slower  in  com- 
ing  to  maturity.    They  attained  large  size  and 
made  heavy  carcasses  of  beef  when  fully  grown 
and  finished      It  seems  equally  certain,  there- 
tore,  that  they  represented  one  of  the  older 


166   A  HISTORY  OF  SHORT-HORN  CATTLE. 

types  of  the  breed,  probably  the  sort  bred  in 
the  Holderness  district  of  Yorkshire.  This  im- 
portation, it  will  be  noted,  antedates  the  Col- 
ling improvement.  About  two  years  later,  or 
somewhere  between  1790  and  1795,  one  or  both 
of  these  same  pioneer  importers  made  a  further 
shipment  of  cattle  of  similar  types  from  Eng- 
land. That  good  use  was  made  of  this  blood 
in  the  valley  of  the  South  branch  of  the  Poto- 
mac and  adjacent  territory  cannot  be  doubted. 
Then,  as  now,  the  "first  families"  of  the  Do- 
minion were  proud  of  their  country  estates, 
possessing  the  real  English  fondness  for  rural 
pursuits  and  the  finer  types  of  domestic  ani- 
mals. 

Kentucky  and  the  Patten  stcck.~The  mak- 
ing of  the  Ohio  Valley  States  soon  followed. 
Over  the  wall  of  the  Alleghenies,  lured  by  the 
golden  promise  of  the  fair  and  fruitful  lands 
beyond  the  Blue  Kidge,  the  Virginians  entered 
into  the  priceless  heritage  of  the  blue-grass 
regions  of  Ohio  and  Kentucky.  The  former 
grazing-grounds  of  the  bison  were  dedicated  to 
lowing  herds,  showing  in  many  instances  traces 
of  the  magic  touch  of  roan.  In  the  first  intro- 
duction of  the  Gough  &  Miller  blood  into 
Central  Kentucky  we  find,  therefore,  the  germ 
of  the  gigantic  American  cattle  trade  of  the 
present  day.  The  conjunction  of  Short-horn 
blood  with  the  rich  grains  and  grasses  of  the 


FIKST   IMPORTATIONS   TO    AMKRICA.  167 

Ohio  Valley  called  into  being  an  industry  that 
has  not  ye  received  its  full  cre,lit  in  connec- 
tion  with  the  winning  of  the  West."  Lewis 
K  Allen  cells  the  story  of  how  the  Pattons  laid 
the  foundation  for  nearly  all  that  follows  in 
this  vo  ume  relating  to  the  extension  of  Short- 

grass  localities,  a  youn-  bull  and  sovp.;'i  h ^-V  V^  ''"  ^"^  ^^"«- 
they  could  oaly'  ha';e  be^ea  l^es  or  ,e  S'^'olf  ^^ f  .?"'^ 
then-called  'English'  cattlo     Thii  ,    yearlings),  of  their 

been  purchased  of  Mr  GoJih  It  i  no;"""  '  '"''"  '"''  *°  ^^^« 
these  animals,  as  they  we";  but  ,1.     ""^'f  ^7  *"  '""''""  "«'« 

'lualities  were  extraordinary.    It  was  not  If  In  ^'°^ 

s^tifj  buir^'d'^  ^^^^  t^irty-tr^rtfof  ^iiirdTr^^^^ 
yetto^th  ';oid\xrr'ir ^^m'  -*^-^-/yho^: 

by  number  1850,  American  Herd  Ck  Th.  "•  ""'  ''  '""'''^'^ 
white  in  color,  with  red  earf  smafl  "iLt  ,  'T  ""'''  '^"'*^  ^^^"^' 
bred  two  bul  calve^  to  M?:        i  °"''  turning  down.    She 

many  calvest  thrn^  ^v^cor^^^  f  ^-    ^"«  ^«* 

the  old  breeders  to  bn  Jth  ,,    ^^^°*"«l^y'  ^bich  were  said  by 

animals.    Mar.la  ned  t^M^^^^^^  ^^"--^ 

latter,  in  1803  whpn  thIVn  ^"  "''*''  *^^  "^^ath  of  the 

y  ^o.,  Ky.,  m  whose  possession  be  died  in  1806.     Of  the  two 


IfiS        A   HISTORY   OK   SlIOUT-HOFtN    CATTr.E. 


bulls  descondod  from  Murs  and  Venus  one  was  tuUtui  to  Jessumine 
Co.,  Ky.,  the  other  to  Ohio,  probably  the  Soioto  VuUoy ;  but  us  uU 
this  brood  or  broods,  in  tiioir  various  intermixtures  after  tiieir 
introduction  in  Kentucky,  were  called  'Patton  stoolt,'  they  became 
comminKled,  tho  shorter-horned  and  rellried  ones  with  the  longer- 
liornod  and  coarser  ones,  and  were,  for  many  years  afterward, 
universally  known  by  ^hat  niimo  only. 

"In  tho  year  1H().'J  Mr.  Daniel  Harrison,  Jaraos  Patton  and 
James  Gay,  of  Clark  Co.,  Ky.,  bought  of  Mr.  Miller,  tho  Importer, 
living  in  Virginia,  a  two-year-old  bull,  descendnd  from  a  bull  and 
cow  of  his  importation.  This  bull  was  called  Pluto  (8*^5  A.  H.  B.) 
aud  said  to  bo  of  the  '  milk  '  breed.  lie  Is  described  as  '  dark-roan 
or  rod  in  cjlor,  largo  in  slzo,  with  small  head  and  neck,  light, 
short  horns,  small-boned  aud  heavily  fleshed.'  He  was  bred 
mostly  to  '  Patton'  cows  and  produced  some  fine  milkers.  He  was 
taken  to  Ohio  about  tho  year  ISl'J  aud  died  soon  afterward. 

"  In  tho  year  ISlOCapt.  William  Smith  of  Fayetio  Co.,  Ky.,  pur- 
chased of  the  before-mentioned  Mr.  Miller  of  Vi»'siniaand  brought 
to  Kentucky  a  bull  called  Buzzard  !504  (!}254).  He  was  coai'ser, 
larger,  and  taller  than  Pluto,  but  not  so  heavy.  Ho  was  bred  in 
different  herds  many  years,  and  also  used  by  the  Society  of  Shak- 
ers at  Pleasant  Hill,  Mercer  Co.,  Ky.,  in  1821  and  for  some  years 
afterward. 

"In  the  year  1811  the  bull  Shaker  (2193  A.  H.  B.)  was  bought 
of  M  r.  Miller  aforesaid,  and  used  some  years  both  by  the  Pleasant 
Hill,  Ky.,  and  Union  Village,  O.,  Societies  of  Shakers.  They 
afterward  sold  him  to  Messrs,  Welton  and  Hutchcraft  of  Ken- 
tucky. He  was  of  the  '  milk,'  or  Short-horn  breed.  This  account 
we  have  from  Messrs.  Micajah  Burnett  of  the  Pleasant  Hill  and 
Peter  Boyd  of  the  Union  Village  Societies,  and  although  they  each 
differ  in  some  non-essential  items  tho  identitj'  of  the  bull  is  fully 
recognized.  These  four  bulls,  viz.,  Mars,  Pluto,  Buzzard  and 
Shaker,  appear  to  have  been  purely  bred  from  the  Gough  &  Mil- 
ler importations  previous  to  the  year  1810.  Prom  th  -sr  bulls,  but 
not  on  e<iuallu  pure-bred  cows  of  those  importations,  descended  mi*ny 
animals  whose  pedigrees  have  been  recognized  ari  c-jric'  as 
Short-horns  in  the  earlier  volumes  of  the  English  il«iu  xiook,  and 
of  consequence  since  in  the  American  Herd  Book,  as  the  latter  is 
founded  on  the  English  publication  as  standard  authority  in  all 
natters  of  Short-horn  genealogy. 

"During  the  years  above  mentioned  several  ofher  bulls  from 
thevko  I  >'  &  Miller  Virginia  stock  were  brought  into  Kentucky 
am'.  (Ti-.  -soma  with  names  and  some  without  names  other  thau 
thi..".:o;  iUeu'  owners— as  '  Inskip's  Bull,'  '  Poeples'  Bull'  (Mars, 


FIRST   IMPORTATIONS   TO   AMERICA.  169 

probably,),  '  Wltherspoon's  Bull  ' '  Binfr  '  «„ri    m 

grees  In  the  herd  books  rnn  h„  .7    f'  *''''"'    ^"""^  ^'^^ 

mayhavo  boon  of  the  Holdcn.o,.  rT-l^^l  others  of  them 

have  ^therod  f™t  m^r^^^^^lTrOMTra  TT  7 
■omeoflhom  were  rouih  anlmn].  f  ,■",    ,  .         ^  Kentucky 

other,  a-e  both  In^XwrJuan,^'    H ■""'"'''"""  """-•I'J'' 

soeudedf^u,  them  pr^™a  e,'e^^^Zr,"Ter'er°"'''" 
™™  or  ,e.  re,,,  wbUe  aud  roan,  ^iTa^'tZZZZ: 

pe:tr^h:r;iLVt^d°rrreS™*L":r  -  ■"-'■ '» -« 

whieh  trace  bae",  to  the  °p">,.*  .  S'"T'°Y  "'  ""  '"=  ''='"»™" 
in  ^tb  the  En.li,h  lnd"An.Srn"HerrB:r».r  '"""''  '^'"^ 

An  early  New  York  importation.  -Tradi- 
tion IS  authority  for  the  statement  that  about 
I.e  year  1791  a  Mr,  Heaton.  who  had  e„U,n-ated 
from  England  to  New  York  in  1 775  and  f  olio  wed 
for  some  years  the  occupation  of  a  butcher, 
returned  to  England  and  brought  back  with 
him  severa  Short-horn  cattle  from  the  herd  of 
George  Culley  of  Northumberland.  What  be- 
came of  these  cattle  neither  tradition  nor  writ- 
ten history  of  the  day  records.  In  1796  it  is 
further  stated  that  Mr.  Heaton  returned  to 
England  and  brought  out  a  bull  and  cow  which 
he  had  bought  from  one  of  the  brothers  Ct)lli„g 


I'i 


170 


A   HISTORY    OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


i 

I.) 

^' :  mmi 

■-  i   i 

,    '        1 

1 

i 

1                                       1 

and  took  them  to  his  farm  in  Westchester  Co , 
N.  Y.,  where  he  then  resided.  Tt  is  surmised 
that  the  Short-horns  which  he  had  previously 
imported  had  also  been  taken  to  that  place,  but 
as  to  this  there  is  no  verified  account.  What 
finally  became  of  the  Heaton  cattle  and  their 
descendants  nothing  definite  is  known,  except 
that  some  superior  cattle  were  for  many  years 
grown  in  Westchester  Co.,N.  Y., after  the  pres- 
ent century  came  in,  but  no  pedigrees  of  them 
have  been  traced  except  in  one  or  two  instances 
through  "  Brisbane's  bull,"  which  was  purchased 
of  Mr.  Heaton  by  the  late  Mr.  James  Brisbane 
of  Uatavia,  N.  Y.,  in  the  early  years  of  this  cen- 
tury. The  bull  left  much  valuable  stock  in  the 
vicinity  of  Batavia  and  was  supposed  to  be  a 
pure-bred  Short-horn.  Of  the  Heaton  stock 
retained  in  the  vicinity  of  New  York  nothing 
further  is  known.  It  is  altogether  probable 
that  the  people  of  that  vicinity,  knowing  little 
of  any  breed  in  those  days,  let  the  stock  "  run 
out,"  and  that  the  blood  was  finally  lost  in  the 
common  herds  of  the  country.* 

The  Cox  importation.— While  the  Virginians 
were  settling  upon  the  virgin  fields  of  Ken- 
tucky, and  helping  ^o  occupy  the  rich  coun- 
try to  the  north  of  the  broad  stream  of  the 
Ohio,  enterprising  men  were  seeking  to  intro- 

,  In  this  connection  see  also  the  story  of  tho  importation  ami  return  of 
"  The  American  Cow,"  pag-o  4(i. 


WEST   IMPORTATIONS   TO   AMERICA.  171 

.U,ce  advanced  ideas  in  agriculture  throughout 
he  territory  once  dominated  by  the  Iroquoi" 
bquaw-farnung"  had  not  caused  the  laud"  of 
he  Empire  State  to  blossom  as  the  rote  and 

t le  i  ofT'f  ^'  ''''''  «"'«  P~S-- i' 
the  line  of  live-stock  improvement 

IS^wfth  "it''^  1*if'  *''<'  "^""^  °^  *''«  war  of 
mi  with  the  mother  country  Mr.  Cox,  an  Eng- 

Albany,  N.  Y.,  a  Short-horn  bull  and  two  cows 

hat  were  placed  upon  the  iarm  of  Mr.  Cadwal- 

der  Co  den.    This  was  before  Coates  and  Wml 

ake.  had  brought  the  English  Herd  Book  even 

witJi  tirrnT''^'^'*'^^^-  ^°  p^-^'g^-^^  e-™" 

y^iiii  the  cattle.     From  fhi«  +vi^  ^ 

i>«v.     iiuin  tnis  trio  a  nu;neron«! 

progeny  resulted,  known  in  Short-horn  par 
ance  as  "Cox  Importation  Cattle."    The  de- 
descendants  of  the  Cox  cows  were  subseouentlv 

]o8)  and  Nelson  1914,  imported  i„  June  1823 

y  Messrs.  Cox  &  W„yne.    Some  of  the  cows 

us  descended  passed  into  the  possession  of  a 

Ml.  Matthew  Bullock  of  Albany  County   and 

heir  progeny  acquired  local  reputation  ^nder 

SbTdT","^""""',  ^*^^'^-"    The.y  were  de- 
Maibed  as     large,  robust  animals,  good    al- 

hough  not  remarkably  line  in  quality,  but  of 

trne  Miort-horn  type."    Comet,  or  Cornet  was 

ed-and-white  (spotted)  bull,  bred  by  Sir  H  C 

Ibbetsoii  of  Denton  Park,  Otley,  and  4  got 


172 


A   HISTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


I  \ 


ii:i: 


;i 


I' 


by  Meteor  (432)--of  the  elder  Booth's  breeding 
— a  son  of  Albion  (14)  out  of  a  cow  by  C.  Col- 
ling's  Windsor  (698).  Nelson  was  a  red-and- 
white  bull  by  Nelson  (449),  a  roan  bred  by 
Simpson  of  Babworth  and  got  by  Colling's 
Ketton  (346),  he  by  the  $5,000  Comet,  going 
back  on  the  dam's  side  to  Charles  Colling's 
herd. 

The  first  pedigreed  bulls. —  According  to 
Allen  the  first  pedigreed  Short-horn  bulls  to 
set  hoof  on  American  soil  were  Marquis  (408) 
and  Moscow  (9413),  imported  into  the  Genesee 
Valley  of  New  York,  in  1817,  by  Samuel  M. 
Hopkins  of  Moscow.  Mr.  Warfield  lists  this 
importation  as  "supposed."  The  very  cream 
of  the  Charles  Colling  blood  is  represented  in 
the  breeding  of  Marquis  (from  Mr.  Jonas  Whit- 
aker's),  as  he  had  for  dam  the  far-famed  Mag- 
dalena,  by  Comet,  and  his  sire  was  Wellington 
(679),  intensely  bred  in  the  blood  of  Favorite 
(252)  on  the  Old  Cherry  foundation.  Moscow 
(9413)  was  likewise  deep  in  the  richest  Short- 
horn blood  of  his  time.  He  was  a  roan  of  Sir 
Henry  Vane  Tempest's  breeding,  of  the  Prin- 
cess blood,  sired  by  Wynyard  (703)  out  of  El- 
vira by  Phenomenon  (491);  second  dam  Prin- 
cess by  Favorite  (252).  Along  with  this  well- 
bred  pair  of  bulls  Allen  says  there  came  a  cow 
called  Princess  that  was  said  to  be  descended 
from  a  Robert  Colling  ancestry.    It  is  said  that 


FIRST   IMPORTATIONS   TO    AMERICA.  173 

descendants  of  these  cattle,  crossed  by  bulls 
rem  Col.  Powers  herd,  presently  to  be  men! 
tioned,  were  purchased  by  the  Holland  Land 
Co.  for  the  benefit  of  the  settlers  upon  that 
corporation's  lands  near  Batavia,  in  Western 
xNew  lork,  and  were  carefully  bred  for  many 
years.  -^ 

The"Seventeens."-The  first  direct  impor- 
tation trom  England  into  the  territory  west  of 
the  Al  eglienies  was  made  by  Col.  Lewis  San- 
dei^  of  Kentucky,  "a  gentleman  of  character 
and  position,"  who  was  at  this  time  actively 
engaged  in  manufacturing,  merchandising  and 
arming     He  resided  latterly  in  Gallatin  Coun- 
ty not  far  from  where  the  Kentucky  River 
flows  mto  the  Ohio,  a  short  distance  below  Cin- 
cinnati.    The  following  statement  as  to  the 
catt  e  purchased  on  his  order  in  1817  is  in  Col 
banders'  own  language  : 

ISlfi/h?"  '•''*^"'"^  '°  "^""^  *^^  ''^^^r  f«r  the  cattle  (in  the  fall  of 
18im  by  seeing  an  account  of  Charles  Ceiling's  greaLle!n  Am 
At  this  sale  enormous  prices  were  nairl    i  nnn       ■         I  ^- 

was  in  the  regular  receint  of  F.li  1"  Z  ^  ^^'"'"^  Previous  I 
in^provementf  and  TmprteLfntf  i.  t'he  ^'^  "'  T  agricultural 
stock.    From  the  renmZ?  .       ^'"'"'"''^  descriptions  of 

posted  as  toVe  LaSs  of  theT  1  "^^"^  '  "^^  ^^^"^  ^«" 
Mymindwasmadpnn  fit  \u    ^  esteemed  breeds  of  cattle. 

for  us.    I  had  freauenf  '^  °"  '1^  Short-horns  as  most  suitable 

friend  and  Shbo?C.wS^^^  "-"«' ^^'^  -^ 

of  cattle.    He  was  thorn,  Jhii-  '  ^°  ''*°  «°i»nent  breeder 

horu  breed     To  gmtTfrhS"^  impressed  in  favor  of  the  old  Lon^- 

feeders  1  ordered  a  oaf^o  ?o      v,     ^''"''  '^"^^  "''^  ««"*l^  branch 
ordered  a  pair  of  Long-horns,  and  was  more  willing  to  do 


, 


.1 


'i\ 


1i  i    ! 


174 


A   HISTORY   OF    SHORT-HORN    CATTLE. 


so  from  the  fact  that  this  was  the  breed  selected  by  the  distin- 
guished Mr.  Bakewell  for  his  experimental,  yet  most  successful 
improvements.  I  forwarded  to  the  house  of  Buchanan,  Smith  & 
Co.  of  Liverpool  $1,500  to  make  the  purchase,  expecting  to  get 
three  pair  only,  with  instructions  to  procure  a  competent  judge 
and  suitable  agent  to  go  into  the  cattle  district  and  make  the  se- 
lection, the  animals  not  to  be  over  two  years  old,  and  no  restric- 
tion as  to  price.  At  the  time  the  Holdemess  breed  was  in  highest 
repute  for  milkers.  I  directed  that  the  agent  should  be  sent  to 
Yorkshire  to  procure  a  pair  of  that  breed,  then  to  the  river  Tees, 
in  Durham  County,  for  a  pair  of  Short-horn  Durhams,  then  to  the 
County  of  Westmoreland  for  a  pair  of  the  Long-horns,  etc. 

"The  agent  sent  from  Liverpool,  J.  C.  Etches,  a  celebrated 
butcher  of  that  place,  went  as  directed  and  purchased  six  pair  in- 
stead of  three.  It  being  soon  after  the  war  all  kinds  of  produce 
had  much  cheapened  and  the  stock  sold  lower  than  was  expected. 

"After  the  cattle  were  shipped  from  Liverpool  on  the  vessel 
Mohawk,  bound  to  Baltimore,  Md.,  where  the  cattle  afterward 
landed,  I  sold  one-third  interest  in  them  to  Capt.  William  Smith 
and  another  third  to  Dr.  Tegarden  of  Kentucky." 

Of  the  twelve  animals  bought,  eight  (four 
bulls  and  four  heifers)  were  Short-horns  and 
four  (two  bulls  and  two  heifers)  were  Long- 
horns  The  importation  was  made  five  years 
prior  to  the  publication  of  Vol.  I  of  the  Eng- 
lish Herd  Book,  at  a  time  when  comparatively 
few  of  the  old-country  breeders  gave  that  strict 
attention  to  their  private  records  that  after- 
ward became  imperative.  The  only  informa- 
tion furnished  in  the  invoice  as  to  the  Short- 
horns is  indicated  below: 

"'No.  1.  Bull  from  Mr.  Clement  Winston,  on  the  river  Tees, 
got  by  Mr.  Constable's  bull,  brother  to  Comet,'  afterward  (155) 
E  H.  B.  The  name  of  this  bull  was  San  Martin,  afterward 
(2599)  in  E.  H.  B. 

" '  No.  2.  Bull,  Holderness  breed,  from  Mr.  Scott,  out  of  a  cow 
which  gave  thirty- four  quarts  of  milk  per  day.'  The  name  of  this 
bull  was  Tecumseh,  afterward  (5409)  E.  H.  B. 

" '  No.  3.     Bull  from  Mr.  Reed,  Westholme,  of  his  own  old 


ji  i. 


FIRST   IMPORTATIONS   TO   AMERICA.  175 

!    tu  ■  ^;         ^^^^  *°  '^^^^  *'®^'^  ^ot  by  either  Comet  (155)  or  his 
brother  North  Star  (458)  E.  H.  B.  '^ 

K  11^'^^/*  ^  ^'-  Holdemess  breed,  from  Mr.  Humphreys,  j?ot 
by  Mr.  Mason  .  .,ull  of  Islington.'  No  herd-book  record  appefrs 
to  have  since  been  made  of  this  bull,  and  we  know  not  what  b" 
can^e  of  him,  Mr.  Clay  states  that  one  of  the  bulls  '  was  sold  tt 
Capt.  Fowler  who  afterward  sold  him  to  Gen.  Fletcher,  and  was 
taken  to  Bath  Co.,  Ky.,  where  he  died.' 
"  Of  the  females  the  invoice  states  that 

breed.^°"  ^  ""^^  ^  ^'"'''  ^'°°'  ^'-  ^"'°'^'  ^^^^^^^op,  Durham 

"  'Nos.  8,  9,  10  were  heifers  from  Mr.  Shipman,  on  the  river 
Toss,  of  his  own  breed.' 

'"In  the  division  of  the  Short-horns  above  named  Col.  Sanders 
became  owner  of  the  bulls  San  Martin  and  Tecumseh.'  Col.  San! 
ders  states  that  Comet  became  the  property  of  Dx.  Te^rden. 

Of  the  Shipman  heifers  No.  7  became  the  property  of  Capt 
Smith  and  was  called  the  "Durham  Cow." ' 
nn."  'f^'  l^l^^""^^  remaining  two  were  retained  by  Col,  Sanders 

Kentucky'""'''  "^''''^  '^'^  '"  ''"^^^"°'^'  ^^^^^  ^^^^^  reached 

The  descendants  of  the  three  heifers  Mrs 
Motte,  the  Durham  Cow  and  the  Teeswater 
Cow  are  to  this  day  known  as  "The  Seven- 
teens,"  so  called  from  the  date  of  the  original 
importation.   Mrs.  Motte*  produced  the  four  red 

William  Warfleld  ur^eTd  rofFebn'  'ST'^^'T  ^°  '''''  ""^^°'"  ^^  M'" 

family.    Mr8,  Motte  boW  n  ,..  /  "  ^''^^''^  ^^'^^'^^  ''1""^  an<i  his 

domructlon  of  a  certain  JortJlU^^^^^^^^^  ^T  "^'"^  ""'*^^  <=oncorned  In  the 
of  the  o.ty.  ShelJ^vMJ^  ^  Interfered  very  much  with  the  reduction 
wa«  h.r  own  pronem  n  w?  f  ^^"*'-"'^"7  °'  '"^  ^•''•y  Ane  residence  which 
enemy-wcmm  remove  7h',ifflu  ^''  "".^'""''^  '"^  '^^'^  Possession  of  the 
tl."  l^slo^orB  wuT.  auiver  o  Tf"   "^       "^''"'^'"''^  "'*"  '""*•    ^''«  Presented 

-w..  .r.e^':;;:^tn:;:;^;ri^=r::^r  r;ts^^ 

n^.'of^:='-rr;:^-^---riaceCoi.sJeey:Z 


i 

I  ! 


176 


A  HISTORY  OF  SHORT-HORN  CATTLE. 


heifers  Lady  Munday,  Miss  Motte  and  Sylvia 
to  San  Martin,  and  Lady  Alice  by  Tecumseh, 
besides  five  bulls.    The  Durham  Cow  was  also 
prolific,  dropping  eleven  calves— five  heifers 
and  six  bulls— her  last  four  being  sired  by  her 
own  son  Napoleon  1899,  by  San  Martin.    The 
Teeswater  Cow  gave  birth  to  four  heifers  and 
two  bulls.     The  leading  Kentucky  and   Ohio 
farmers    of   that    period    availed    themselves 
largely  of  this  opportunity  for  improving  their 
herds,  among  those  who  purchased  progeny 
from  the  three  Sanders  cows  being  Gen.  Gar- 
rard, Dr.  S.  D.  Martin,  Maj.  Gano,  Dr.  Warfield, 
Judge  Haggin,  Walter  Dun,  T.  P.  Dudley  and 
the    Ohio    Shakers.     Mrs.    Motte's  daughters 
Lady  Kate,  Lady  Munday  and  Sylvia  inherited 
the  fecundity  of  their  dam,  producing  in  the 
aggregate  thirty  calves,  more  than  one-half  of 
them  through  Lady  Munday  and  Sylvia,  the 
property  of  Gen.  Garrard.     The  Durham  Cow's 
daughter  Lady  Durham  left  five  heifers  and 
three  bulls,  two  of  tlie  former  going  into  the 
hands  of  Benjamin  Yfarfield.    It  thus  appears 
that  the  importation  of   1817  became  an  im- 
portant element  in  the  breeding  operations  of 
those  enterprising  men  who  laid  the  founda- 
tion for  the  subsequent  popularity  of  the  breed 
in  the  States  bordering  upon  the  Ohio  River; 
and  the  cattle  derived  from  that  source  were 


WBST   IMPORTATIONS    TO   AMERICA.  17? 

for  a  long  series  of  years  among  the  very  best 
^'x/';"''°.T'  known  i„  the  United  States 

Notwithstanding  the  marked  excellence  of 
the  so-called  "Seventeens"  there  sprang  np 
after  the  era  of  herd  books  and  "fashion"  in 
Wood  lines  asserted  powerful  influence  upon 
the  breed,  a  prejudice  against  them  which  prac 
tical  men  wei„  unfortunately  unable  to  wholly 
oyercome.  Parties  who  were  breeding  from  cat- 
tle drawn  from  the  later  and  fully  peZreed 
nnportations   began  casting  aspersionsTpon 
the  "purity  of  the  blood  of  the  Sanders  stock 
because  the  foundation  dams  had  no  extended 
pedigrees.    In  regard  to  this  much  nonsense 
has  been  written.     For  instance,  the  "cock! 
and-bull"  story  of  the  late  Ambrose  Stevens, 
as  puMished  in  Vol.  11  of  the  American  sCt 
horn  Herd  Book  and  repeated  in  Allen's  "His- 
rJ  MnH  '  Short-horns"  (page  166),  fitting 

blkt^rt^   M*  ^'^\  ^  '""^  P'"''g''<'«  running 
It'^A  i    T^  ^?f  "'''■'^'  ''"•^S^'3  *°  have  been  sup 
plied  by  Thos.  Bates.    This  had  no  basis  what- 

I'T  ^tfv  '^'l'  ^'""P'^  *™th  is  that  the  cat- 
tie  bought  by  the  butcher,  Mr.  Etches,  weil 
loubtless  good  ones  individually,  although  not 
red  by  men  who  had  preserved  records  of  th  J 
breeding  or  acquired  reputations.  The  anima  s 
c  eariy  belonge.l  to  the  same  class  of  m™ket 

cestial  dams  of  a  number  of  those  families 


'W' 


:  i  . 


B 


lit 


Lit 


178 


A   HISTORY  OF  SHORT-HORN  CATTLE. 


that  afterward  acquired  international  fame  at 
Killerby  and  Warlaby,  as  detailed  in  preceding 
chapters.    In  the  hands  of  such  men  as  Gar- 
rard, Clay,   Warfield,    Bedford,    the    Renicks, 
Trimble,  Harrold  and  other  breeders  of  sound 
judgment  a  class  of  cattle  sprang  from   this 
foundation  that  would  have  compared  favora- 
bly with  the  best  results  attained   by  their 
English  contemporaries,  the  Messrs.  Booth  and 
others,   whose  cattle  — similarly  descended  — 
became  "fashionable."    In  vain  was  this  fact 
pointed  out  by  thoughtful  and  disinterested 
men.    Vain  were  all  the  winnings  of  the  de- 
scendants of  the  importation  of   1817  at  the 
great  shows  of  the  West.    The  fiat  of  fashion 
went  out  against  them  in  the  later  years,  and 
whole  herds  of  valuable  cattle  carrying  but  a 
mere  drop  of  the  original  "Seventeen"  blood 
were  practically  lost  to  the  breed  because  of 
the    unreasoning    prejudice    created    against 
them.* 

The  imported  Long-horns  were  sold  by  Col. 
Sanders  to  Capt.  Smith  and  Dr.  Tegarden,  in 
whose  hands  they  did  not  prove  popular.   Some 

'The  late  Jnd?e  T.  C.  .Tones  of  Delaware,  O..  one  of  the  closest  studentH 
of  American  Short-horn  broetUatr,  once  said:  -Wo  have  a  great  many 
Short-horna  of  high,  and  even  fashionable  rank,  the  origin  of  whos  llnea-e 
la  quite  as  obscure  as  that  of  the  Shcrt-horns  of  Col.  Sandera-at  r  period 
much  less  remote  than  the  date  of  that  Importation.  •  ♦  •  A  large  cl-iss 
of  valuable  cattle,  with  well-established  characteristics,  has  been  sacri- 
ficed. Following  the  whims  and  fano'es  of  speculators  in  pedigrees,  in 
sonrie  instances,  thlck-fieshed  a-id  quick-feeding  cattle  of  this  and  other  un- 
fashionable strains  of  blood  hn-o  boen  discarded  to  make  way  for  light- 
fleshed  and  unthrifty  animals  of  the  fancy  sorts," 


FIRST  IMPORTATIONS  TO  AMERICA.  179 

experimental  crosses  between  cattle  cai-ryine 
Short-horn  blood  and  the  Long-horns  werf 
made  in  Kentucky,  Virginia  and  Ohio.*  bnt  the 
judgment  of  the  best  breeders  of  the  day  was 
.^ot  favorable  and  the  Long-horns  presently  dis- 

lu  1818  Mr   James  Prentice  of  Lexington, 
Ky  imported  the  two  bulls  Prince  Regent  877 
and  John  Bu  1  598*,  both  certified  to  be^of  p„  e 
Short-horn  blood  but  not  supplied  with  pedi- 
grees.    John  Bull  was  described  as  a  dee/red 
of  fine  size  and  good  form,  with  small  down- 
enrvmg   horns.    Prince    Regent   was  "pied  " 
white  with  some  red  spots.    As  indicating  the 
enterprise  of  the  Kentucky  breeders  of  that 
day  in  the  work  of  improving  their  cattle  it 
"''y  be  stated  that  these  bulls  were  purchased 
byNathaniel  Hart  of  Woodford  County  and 

*  George  Renlck  of  Ohio  was  nm«»,„  «i, 
carded  the  Long-horn  blood.    WthZLIZ'^'^  '^^  ^'^^^  and  dla- 
of  Bourbon  Co.,  Ky.,  said:    •'  WetcoZTiTlm^^^^^^   ^'^  ''"'^'"^  '•  ^^'^^ 
manhood,  taking  a  horseback  Jounievfron^^r^  ^"'*  '''"'^^''^  *"*» 

the  vicinity  of  Which  latter  town    1  e'^ReX^^^  to  Clrclevllle,  O.,  In 

estates.  We  saw  a  herl  of  a  dozen  or  n^ore  lon.f  ^'''^"'^''  '^'"^^  ^''°d«» 
tield  by  the  side  of  the  road.  S".r  sTIui"^^"  '■""*"  ^'''''*^^  ^°  ^ 
rich  bhie  grass  or  lyln^uncier  the  sh.rinf/i:  ^^''^^rance,  grazing  on  the 
.•attention.  We  rode  up  to  he  f.^fe li  tohS  "''''f '"''  '''^"''  '''''^'''^  ^^^ 
fiolcl  to  view  them.    Thev  h a^e  erv  V.;  «  ""  ^'°'^°  ^'^'^  ^^'•'"t  into  the 

or  hi.h  grades  Of  the  LonJ^tr/;,'^,^^^  r''°f  "',  ^elng  either  pure-bred 
forward  beyond  their  noses  or  f^nwT,  long,  orooping  horns  pushing 
color.  With  White  stripes  along  th  il  h  J°'^  "'"'''  ^■■^^'■'^'  "»^'t  ^rlndle  in 
in  the  books.  They  were'  So^^  In  '  itti;'s?"  77  ''''  ''''-''  ^°^'^^^'^ 
compact  In  shape,  but  wlth-.Hm^?,!,  ,        swayed  In  the  back,  not  very 

auirlos  about  tlu^Se  Ume  Tw  Sf ^^^^^^^^^^^  ^f"   ^'^  '^^^  ^^ - 

e-areeonectlon^o.herio^";Sl:StLro7r^^^^^^^^^ 


180   A  HISTORY  OF  SHORT-HORN  CATTLE. 


John  Hart  of  Fayette  County  for  $1,500,  and 
they  are  said  to  have  left  good  stock.  It  thus 
appears  that  the  foundation  of  the  Short-horn 
breeding  interest  in  Kentucky  and  Ohio  was 
laid  mainly  in  the  Gough  &  Miller  (Patton)  and 
the  Sanders  bloods,  which  were  more  or  less 
intermingled  for  a  long  series  of  years. 

Massachusetts  importations.  —  In  Novem- 
ber, 1817,  Samuel  Williams  of  Massachusetts,  a 
merchant,  at  that  time  residing  in  London, 
purchased  of  Mr.  Wetherell  and  sent  out  to  his 
brother  Stephen  Williams  of  Northboro,  Mass., 
the  bull  Young  Denton  (963).  He  was  a  roan, 
sixteen  months  old  at  the  time  of  importation, 
and  was  used  in  Massachusetts  for  about  ten 
years,  after  which  he  was  taken  to  the  State  of 
Maine,  where  he  died  in  1830.  He  was  consid- 
ered a  very  choice  specimen  of  the  breed.  In 
1818  Mr.  Cornelius  Coolidge  of  Boston  imported 
the  bull  Coelebs  349  and  the  cow  Flora,  both 
bred  by  Mason  of  Chilton  and  both  sired  by 
sons  of  Comet  (155).  Mr.  Williams  sent  out  in 
1822  the  roan  yearling  heifer  Arabella,  by  North 
Star  (460)  out  of  Aurora  l)y  Comet  (155),  which 
was  also  of  Mr.  Wetherell's  breeding.  Her  de- 
scendants, like  nearly  all  other  Short-horns 
tracing  to  the  earlier  importations  into  New 
York  and  New  England,  were  distinguished  for 
their  excellent  dairy  qualities.  The  Arabellas 
were  at  one  time  a  large  and  valuable  family. 


jiJiaisii 


FIRST   IMPORTATIONS   TO   AMERICA.  181 

Ouring  the  same  year  several  other  cows  were 

Z  Mn^  M''s«!"»'««t"«  ^y  Messrs.  Lee. 

On,  Mouson  and  perhaps  otliers,  most  of  them 
being  purchased  from  tlie  Wetherell  herd 
am?*''  }T  '^'"''  '^'"l""-"«e'  by  North  Stai^ 

Comet'" T.«7h''  ""'  °'"*°"  *'»«>'  ^  «on  «f 
Comet.     1  he  latter  was  described  as  a  very 

fine  cow,  nearly  white  i„  color.    In  1828  and 

18-4  Admnul  Sir  Isaac  Coffin  of  the  British 

Navy,  who  was  horn  in  the  State  of  Massachu- 

^etts   sent  out  to  the  Massachusetts  Agricul- 

ural  Society  the  roan  bull  Admiral  (1608)  and 

™s/!f '"f  '"':^'  f  ^  Aunabella,  by  Major 
(3i»8),  also  from  tlie  Wetherell  herd.  A  numer- 
ous progeny  claim  descent  from  these  animals 
T  f  "'"P'"«°t  he  sent  the  white  cow 
Blanche,  by  a  son  of  Comet ;  Snowdrop,  by 
Fitz  Favonte  (1042),  and  the  heifer  Emma  by 
Wellington  (fi83).  '  °^ 

Reference  is  made  in  the  American  Herd 
Book  to  a  bull  called  Fortunatus,  or  Holder- 
ness,  as  having  been  bred  by  Cfeorge  Faulkner 
and  imported  by  Gorham  Parsons   Brighton 
Ma»s.,  in  1818.    We  cannot  identify  him 

In  1828  Mr^  Francis  Rotch  ..f  New  York,  who 
was  then  in  England,  shipped  to  his  brothw-in- 

Z  I^.r'r'"  y"'"'''  ^^^  Bedford,  Mass., 
t  n     ??<^y,''"^'"r'l/''««)  a-"'  the  cows  Ade: 

Sr  m  f  ^  ^'' V'"'"*""' ''"  ^™'"the  herd 
of  Ml.  Whitaker,  all  roans,  all  possessing  good 


- 


182 


A    III8T0RY    OF   SnORT-HOKN   CATTLE. 


(       "I 


If 


m 


t  i 

* 

; 

'  i  I 

pedigrees,  and  all  sired  by  th(^  fjiinoua  Freder- 
ick { lOGO).  The  cows  gave  rise  to  faniiliea  bear- 
ing their  respective  names,  whi(^h,  like  the  Tan- 
sies and  Ara})ellas,  acqnired  wide  repnte  for 
their  excellence  at  the  pail.  Devonshire  was 
bought  by  Lewis  F.  Allen,  founder  of  the 
American  Short-horn  Herd  Book,  in  1834  and 
died  at  eleven  years  of  age.  He  was  a  bull  of 
good  scale  and  fine  points.  Adeliza  and  Dulci- 
bella  wore  good  cows,  prolific  breeders,  excel- 
lent milkers,  and  lived  to  be  aged  animals.*  In 
1831-32  the  young  white  cow  Roxanne,  by 
Frederick,  and  her  white  heifer  Mary  Whitaker 
were  added  to  Mr.  Rodman's  holdings  by  pur- 
chase from  Jonas  Whitaker. 

In  1830  Mr.  Enoch  Silsby  of  Boston  imported 
the  cow  Agatha,  by  Sir  Charles  (1440),  and  the 
yearling  bull  Boston  (1735),  both  roans  from 
the  herd  of  Mr.  Curry  of  Northumberland. 
They  proved  excellent  breeders,  and  Agatha's 
descendants  subsequently  became  widely  and 
favorably  known. 

Early  New  York  importations. — Gen.  Ste- 
phen Van  Rensselaer  of  Albany,  N.  Y.,  brought 

*  Speaking  of  the  purchase  of  thcBe  Whitaker  cattle  Mr.  Botch  said :  "  I 
arrived  at  Otley  just  In  time  to  attend  an  exhibition  of  stock,  which  was 
then  the  great  and  leading  show  of  the  North  for  Short-horns.  My  sudden 
arrival  as  an  American  created  much  Interest  and  kindly  feeling,  which 
showed  Itself  In  the  stronR-  wish  that  I  should  not  go  away  without  obtain- 
ing the  animals  I  selected,  though  they  were  not  intendwl  for  sale."  Mr. 
Rotch  was  a  line  type  of  that  Intelligent  body  of  men  seeking  In  the  early 
days  the  Improvement  of  American  live  stock.  He  lived  to  a  green  old  atro 
at  his  country  home  in  Otsego  Co.,  l^ew  York,  and  retained  a  great  interest 
in  Short  horns  to  the  last. 


FIRST   IMP0UTATI0N8   TO   AMERICA.  183 

mitin  1S28  from  the  herd  of  Mr.  Champion  the 
l»nl  Washin^^to,,  (1506)*  and  the  cows  Conquent 
and  ansy  hy  lilaize  (70).  Conquest  failed  to 
breed,  but  Pan«y  had  several  daughters  by 
Was  ungton  that  gave  rise  to  a  very  noted 
family  of  dairy  Short-horns,  afterward  popular 
throughout  New  England  and  the  West. 

In  1821   Humphrey  lloHis,  an  Englishman 
who  emigrated  to  New  York,  brought  out  two 
cows  called  Hart  and  Nu.ld,  said  to  be  sired  by 
Colhngs  Wellington.    Their  descendants  were 
at  one  time  to  be  fonnd  in  Now  Yoi-k  and  Penn- 
sylvania herds.    In  1S23  (George  M.  Tibbetts  of 
froy  brought  out  a  red  bull  called  Young  Comet 
24H).    In  1828  a  Mr.  Green  of  New  York  im- 
ported the  bull  Banqno  1220  and  sent  him  to 
the  State  of  Maine.    About  the  same  date  Abi- 
jah  Hammond  of  Westchester  County  brought 
out  the  cow  Old  Willey,  unpedigreed,  several  of 
whose  descendants  are  recorded  in  the  first  vol- 
ume of  the  American  Herd  Book. 

In  1822  and  succeeding  years  Mr.  Charles 
Henry  Hall,  a  New  York  merchant  who  had 
previously  lived  and  done  business  in  various 
li^uropean  countries,  imported  a  number  of 
^hort-horns  selected  from  good  English  herds 
among  them  the  cows  Princess,  by  Lancastei^ 
M)0),  that  was  bred  in  1816  by  Kobert  Colling; 


rL^Uii 


184        A    HISTORY    OF   SIIORT-HOKN    CATTLE. 


\. 


iii* 


Canada,  by  Sir  Peter  (GOO);  Primrose,  by  George; 
and  bulls  Regent  899,  Young  Hector  and  Comet. 
A  few  of  Mr.  Hall's  cattle  bred  from  these  im- 
portations were  kept  on  a  small  farm  near  Har- 
lem, Init  the  major  portion  were  taken  to  Green- 
bush,  near  Albany,  where  they  were  kept  and 
bred  for  some  years.  It  seems  that  Mr.  Hall 
was  not  careful  to  preserve  accurately  the 
breeding  records  of  his  stock,  and  through  this 
inattention  the  cori'ect  lineage  of  many  of  his 
cattle  was  lost.  Largely  through  the  influence 
of  these  purchases  several  other  New  York 
business  men  imported  Short-horns  and  bred 
them  on  Long  Island  and  in  Westchester 
County,  but  the  pedigrees  of  these  were  neg- 
lected also. 

Col.  Powel's  purchases. — Between  the  years 
1822  and  IS^I  Col.  John  H.  Powel  of  Powelton, 
near  Philadelphia,  imported  about  twenty-four 
head  of  cows  and  heifers  and  seven  bulls,  a 
majority  of  which  were  of  Mr.  Whitaker's 
breeding.  Included  among  these  were  the 
bulls  Bertram  (17l()),  Bolivar  (804),  Gloucester 
(1074)  and  Memnon  (1228)— all  by  Frederick 
(10()0);  and  the  cows  Belina  by  Barmpton  (54). 
Desdcmona  by  Frederick  (1060),  Cleopatra  (of 
Richard  Booth's  breeding)  by  Pilot  (496),  Ruby 
by  Young  Dimple  (971)  and  Mandane  by  Rich- 
mond (18S0)  —all  01  which  founded  good  fam- 
ilies of  dual-purpose  cattle.    Belina  was  indeed 


FIRST   IMPORTATIONS   TO   AMERICA.  185 

one  of  the  great  dairy  cows  of  her  time  hav- 
ing a  well-aiitheaticated  butter  record  of  20* 
l>s.  ,)er  week.    Cleopatra  wa.s  the  first  Booth- 
.red  cow  imported  to  America  and  was  sold 

lo°'-i  °""'  ^^  ^■■""''^  Sutton  of  Kentucky  in 
msi.    bhe  was  called  "  a  grand  cow  "* 

The  bull  Bertram  not  only  had  tlie  endorse- 
ment of  Thomas  Batesf  bvt  was  recognized  by 
American  breeders  as  one  of  the  best  Short- 
horn bulls  that  had  been  imported  up  to  that 
period.    He  was  a  compactly-fashioned,  short- 
legged  red  of  Collmg's  Old  Daisy  sort,  ^ossess- 
"gaflne  touch  good  hair  and  an  impressive 
individuality.    Allen  says:    "The  cows  struck 
us  as  being  of  excellent  quality,  with  indica- 
tions of  giving  large  quantities  of  milk;  were 
good  in  form,  long  in  body,  straight  on  back, 
broad  ui  the  hips,  with  fine  heads  and  horns 
excellent  coats  of  hair  and  well-shaped  udders  " 
Ancestress  of  the  Louans.-I„  1821  a  Mr 
Law  of  Baltimore,  Md.,  imported  the  roan  cow 
Rosemary  (of  J.  C.  Curwen's  breeding),  by  Flash 
i^  and  her  white  heifer  Virginia,!,;  Genet^l 
U^),  that  afterward  passed  into  the  possession 

•See  Preface  A.  H.  B.,  Vol  XIV 

.ooc,  stock  Of  s>u.-rt-hon.L  1  ,'r;.o .;^r  1°!;".''" "'V"""'^^"''" °^ ■■' 

thoboHt-nillkh.f,'  ami  qulckost-irruz'nrfrf.:  .   d^^Bcended  from  one  of 

Of  th,.  ,u.st  .,„ali..v.  and,  as  I  fom^'Tv  evn'';  "'''  "'"'  ^'''^"^  ^'^'"^^  »'«^t 
food  co„8u,.n.d.  I  us,H  the  Da  sy  bun  1,  nn  '"? • '""  '''''  '"^^^  '«''  »»»« 
IH'r.ram  above  thirty  vears^ai^n^  .  "'  'i™"""''  «'  *"«  ^reat-^randam  of 
rlor  bwll  to  ro.vei,  wi;i,.i,  h,  n  i"  «.„v  .  , ,  V""^^'*'"''  ^^^'•"••■I'n  '^  much  supe- 

-a  afterward  Xl.OOOwBoff^ldfriUm";,'*'''*'  T''^''  "*  ^"^^»°  «''"«' 

^li^ii  101  iiim.  -Thomas  Bates  to  Col.  Powet,  WJi 


g 


Vi 


186 


A   HISTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


1 

r 

i 

11'^ 

i 

ir'''£'J.   ■ 

' '  .  j' 

of  Col.  Powel  and  became  the  ancestress  of  the 
family  so  noted  in  Kentucky  and  other  West- 
ern States  under  the  name  of  Louans.  From 
the  Curwen  herd  Mr.  Law  also  bought  the  bull 
Bishop  (73)  and  the  cow  Assurance. 

During  the  same  year  there  was  imported 
into  Maryland  the  roan  bull  Champion  (864), 
the  white  heifer  White  Rose,  by  Warrior  (673), 
and  the  red-and-white  heifer  Shepherdess,  by 
Magnet  (392)— all  of  Mr.  Champion's  breeding. 
White  Rose  was  in  calf  to  Blaize  (76) — sire  of 
imp.  Pansy  previously  mentioned  —  and  was 
sold  to  Gov.  Lloyd  of  Maryland.  She  produced 
to  this  English  service  the  bull  Wye  Comet 
(1591).  Shepherdess  and  Wye  Comet  were  sold 
to  Col.  Powel.  Mr.  Allen  credits  this  importa- 
tion to  Col.  John  S.  Skinner,  and  Mr.  Warfield 
to  a  Mr.  Oliver. 

Walter  Dun's  importations.— In  1833  Mr. 
Walter  Dun,  a  Scotchman  living  near  Lexing- 
ton, Ky.,  sent  an  order  to  a  friend,  one  William 
Douglas,  residing  in  the  South  of  Scotland,  to 
go  into  Yorkshire  and  buy  several  head  of 
Short-horns  to  be  shipped  out  to  America. 
Ample  funds  were  supplied,  and  the  animals 
were  to  be  chosen  with  reference  to  quality 
rather  than  to  price  or  pedigree.  Six  head 
were  bought  and  shipped  from  Liverpool  Sept. 
5,  1833,  arriving  safely  in  Kentucky  on  Nov.  26 
following.   Tliis  shipment  proved  of  much  value 


WBST   JMPOBTATIONS   TO   AMERICA.  187 

in  capable  hands  on  both  sides  of  the  Ohio  River 
some  of  the  best  cattle  of  succeeding  years  tra- 

cu,g  descent  to  it     The  imported  ^cows  were 
tarolme  (red),  by  Dashwood;  Red  Rose  (red- 

and-white)    by  Ei-nesty;  White  Rose  (white) 

by  Pubhcola;    Multiflora  (roan),  by   Walter 

lt''\  ^I'^l''^-^^'^)'  by  Wild,  and  Premium 
loan),  by  Maximus,  which  were  accompanied 
by  tne  two-year-old  bull  Symmetry  (5382) 
&ome  of  the  bulls  appearing  in  certain  of  these 
pedigrees  were  not  at  that  time  recorded  in 
tiighmd  on  account  of  which  efforts  to  dis- 
credit tlieir  descendants  were  subsequently 
made;  and,  as  m  the  case  of  the  "Seventeens," 
Pat  tons  and  Cox  cattle,  such  efforts  were  al- 
tended  with  more  or  less  success. 

S„!m,' w"'  n  """"''«"""  with  Mr.  Samuel 
hnnth,  Mr  Dun  sent  another  order  to  Mr 
Douglas,  which  was  filled  by  the  shipment  of 
tlie  roan  bull  Comet  (1854),  the  red-and-white 
George  (20oy),  and  the  cows  Mary  Ann  (roan) 

Daiien.  Adelaide  was  m  calf  to  Brutus  (1752) 
am  gave  birth  to  the  heifer  Beauty  of  Wharf-' 
dak    Mary  Ann  had  been  served  in  England 

£rUno{  """i  ^r  •'"•"'  to  «'e  roan  buU  calf 

b  I    ^    fi   ^^  "'"'"  ""^'^  *'^e  American  Ade- 

1    and  Mary  Ann  families  trace.    In  1838 

Ml.  i3un  imported  two  bulls  from  Premium  by 


188 


A    HISTORY    OF    SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


i:>l 


Maximus,  and  Young  Charlotte,  by  Thorp,  re- 
corded as  Otho  794  and  Tarik  1022. 

Meantime  the  Ohio  Co.  iiad  begun  its  memo- 
rable importations,  and  the  desire  for  good 
Short-horns  among  the  better  class  of  farmers 
was  universal.  Messrs.  Dun  and  Smith  both 
died  shortly  after  these  latter  importations,  and 
at  an  auction  sale  held  by  their  executors  Sept. 
11, 1838,  the  prices  made  revealed  the  fact  that 
the  breeders  of  that  period  were  both  prosp<^r- 
ous  and  enterprising.  Imp.  Adelaide  brought 
$1,375  from  Messrs.  Dillard  &  Ferguson,  and 
her  daughter  $755  from  F.  S.  Read.  The  cow 
Adeline  broughi  $1,030,  and  her  daughter  $440. 
Imp.  Mary  Ann  and  her  Norfolk  bull  calf,  then 
but  ten  days  old,  fetched  $2,100  from  Messrs. 
R.  G.  Jackson  and  B.  P.  Gray,  and  Allen  states 
that  Messrs.  Wesson  and  Shropshire  afterward 
gave  that  amount  for  Otley  alone.  At  this 
same  sale  R.  T.  Dillard  and  C.  R.  Ferguson  gave 
$1,235  for  the  cow  Ellen,  C.  C.  Morgan  $1,230 
for  the  cow  Cleopatra  and  W.  S.  Hume  $1,000 
for  the  bull  calf  Oliver  Keen — all  the  property 
of  Mr.  Smith's  estate.  The  bull  Comet  had 
meantime  become  the  individual  property  of 
Mr.  John  G.  Dun,  and  for  him  the  great  price 
of  $3,000  was  offered  by  Mr.  Gray,  one  of  the 
buyers  of  imp.  Mary  Ann.  He  was  bred  by  Mr. 
Crofton  from  a  Mason  foundation.  Otley  was 
supposed  to  have  been  bred  by  Mr.  Fawkes. 


CHAPTER    VIII. 


DEVELOPMENT  OB'  OHIO  VALLEY  HERDS. 
In  a  general  way  it  may  be  said  that  durins 

t.on  of  SI  ort-horn  blood  into  America  the  type 
developed  greatest  favor  among  the  holders  of 
the  rich  lands  of  Central  Kentucky  and  South 
ern  Central  Ohio.  In  New  England  and  New 
York  It  had  been  chiefly  in  the  hands  of  gen- 
tlemen of  wealth  and  leisure,  and  the  farm- 
ersof  that  section,  who  kept  cattle  mainly  for 

regaid  the  bre>     as  a  mere  "fancy"  type  not 

pecially  adapted  to  their  comparatively  th.n 

sods  and  rigorous  climate.    Still  the  merit  of 

1^  ii  K?  T'  ^'  '^''"^  •'^t^e  ^'^  recognized 
and  the  blood  was  freely  used  by  those  who  saw 
pa,t,.ularly  in  the  Wetherell'and  WhS 
stocl.  a  valuable  "general-purpose"  type 

In  Ohio  and  Kentucky  the  Short-horns  found 
a  most  congenial  hon,e,  and  quickly  acquTred 

v«r  among  practical  men  in  close  touch  wth 
te  Baltimore  and  Philadelphia  markets-men 

to  c.^  iM  '"  *■?"  ^""^""^  *  "'"«  and  San" 
del.  cattle  a  class  of  stock  that  made  wonder- 

(189) 


> 


} 


190 


A    HISTORY   OF    SHORT-HORN    CATTLE. 


I 

I 
( 


ful  responses  to  good  keep.  Their's  was  a  veri- 
table land  of  plenty — a  country  teeming  with 
corn  and  blue  grass.  York  and  Durham  were 
fairly  distanced  in  corr  ::)rJTison,  so  far  as  unlim- 
ited feed  supplies  wCx  cerned.  Hundreds 
of  prime  Short-horn  buii^cks  were  matured  and 
driven  across  the  mountains  to  the  seaboard 
markets.  It  was  in  the  course  of  this  trade 
that  the  Ohio  Valley  drovers  and  graziers,  liv- 
ing remote  from  the  great  centers  of  popula- 
tion, learned  of  the  establishment  of  the  Powel 
herd,  and  in  spite  of  the  distance  and  obstacles 
to  be  overcome  they  invested  in  fresh  blood 
from  that  source  and  introduced  it  upon  their 
"Pattons"and  "Seventeens."  When  we  con- 
sider the  length  of  the  journey  from  Cincin- 
nati to  Philadelphia  before  the  days  of  rail- 
roads one  can  but  admire  the  pluck  and  enter- 
prise displayed  by  the  sturdy  pioneers  engaged 
in  this  trans-Allegheny  cattle  traffic.  Those 
who  had  been  fortunate  enough  in  the  first 
rush  of  the  tide  of  emigration  to  secure  large 
holdings  in  Kentucky  and  Ohio  found  that 
Short-horn  blood  enabled  them  to  reap  a  rich 
harvest  from  their  grain  and  pasture  lauds. 
Never  has  there  been  a  more  complete  demon- 
stration of  the  value  of  good  blood  in  fan  'iig 
operations  than  was  afforded  by  the  history  of 
the  introduction  of  the  Short-horn  into  the 
Ohio  Valley  States.    To  them  the  hoof  of  the 


DEVELOPMENT   OP   OHIO   VALLEY    HEEDS.     191 

"red  White  and  roan"  wa.,  indeed  golden,  and 
to  this  day  no  other  type  of  cattle  has  ^und 
equal  favor  among  tliose  enjoying  the  fruits  of 
the  Short-horn's  peaceful  invasion  of  the  an- 
cestral acres. 

Feeding  for  seaboard  markets.-Virsinians 
from  the  valley  of  the  South  Branch  ^of  the 
Potomac  were  the  most  influential  of  the  pio- 
neers who  settled  in  Southern  Central  Ohio  and 

Thefh  J  r^  ^  '"  ^^''  nineteenth  century. 
They  had  been  accustomed  to  breeding  cattle 
for  grazing  and  feeding  purposes  and  orfginated 
he  system  of  fattening  steers  in  larg?  num- 
bars  by  feeding  "shock"  corn  in  the  open  fields 

If!?-  ^"'«''^"*%"«^re  the  brothers  George 
and  Fe  IX  Renick,  from  Hardy  Co.,  Va.,  who 
onnd  their  way  over  the  mountains  on  horse- 
back with  the  aid  of  a  compass,*  and  selected 
lai^  tracts  of  land  in  the  valle^  of  th^  Scioto 
Kivei,  near  the  present  site  of  Chillicothe  0 

thf  bTt  o'r "'  *',%^,""'"^  ^--'^  *"• 

„  ™;h»  '"-'^^  ''"^  ^"^'^  ^y  t>'«ir  enterprise 
n  cattle-growing  gained  the  right  to  recoeni- 
>on  as  the  most  distinguished^f  tho.^Tho 
aid  the  foundation  for  Short-horn  breeding  in 

the  State  of  their  adoption 

_eeorge  Renick  first  conceived  the  idea  of 

*Zt  L°-  •"'"'"'  "">"»■  «»'«  ".0  Iowa  Shorthorn  Br^edera-  A,.o. 


II'-;  ri 


i 

1 
i 

li' 

1 

Ik 

i 

n 

^l 

i 
i 

m 

■ '  m 

' 

.i 

*^^^^^M 

192 


A  HISTORY  OF  SHORT-HORN  CATTLE. 


driving  fat  cattle  from  the  Scioto  to  Baltimore, 
and  although  his  Virginia  friends  scouted  the 
plan  as  impracticable,  he  nevertheless  put  it  to 
the  test,  and  in  1805  successfully  drove  sixty- 
eight  head  through  in  good  condition  and  dis- 
posed of  them  at  a  round  profit.  The  problem 
of  a  market  was  solved,  and  the  industry  de- 
veloped with  amazing  rapidity.  In  1817  Felix 
Renick  drove  100  head  of  prime  fat  Short-horn 
steers  through  to  Philadelphia,  receiving  for 
them  in  that  market  $134  per  head!  In  1818 
George  Renick  sent  a  drove  through  to  New 
York — the  first  Western  cattle  ever  seen  there 
—that  sold  for  $69  per  head.*  These  cattle 
were  descended  from  the  Gough  &  Miller  stock, 
the  roan  bull  Pluto  825  being  one  of  the  sources 
from  whence  that  blood  was  derived.  Felix 
Renick  became  the  leading  feeder  of  "top" 
cattle  in  his  State,  and  aside  from  the  Messrs. 
Goff  of  Kentucky  was  probably  the  most  ex- 
tensive breeder  and  feeder  of  well-bred  bul- 
locks in  the  United  States  in  his  day.  George 
Renick  also  fed  largely  for  nearly  fifty  years. 

Other  successful  Ohio  breeders  and  feeders  of 
the  early  days  were  Gov.  Allen  Trimble,  John 
I.  Van  Meter,  James  Vanse,  John  Grouse,  Wil- 
liam, Jonathan  and  Thomas  Renick,  Messrs. 
Huston,  M.  L.  SuUivant  and  R.  R.  Seymour. 
The  latter  fed  from  100  to  700  head  annually, 

•  Belated  by  the  late  William  Renick  of  CircieviUe,  O. 


D] 

and  in 

delphii 

gave  t 

their  ci 

euteen 

establij 

the  Wa 

the  riv{ 

ers  and 

was  lik 

''twixt 

The  ow 

their  cli 

over  the 

bull  Cor 

nig  quil 

Kentucl 

Men  of 

their  hej 

they  did 

relatives 

Clark  an 

the  whij: 

the  brair 

•  Mr.  SeyriK 
he  loft  Virnrlni 
stock  of  the  E 
the  Long-lioiTii 
as  was  also  th( 
fur  the  fact  thii 
speak  of '^Lonj 
eraliy  unpopul 

t  William  \^ 
13 


DEVELOPMENT   OF    OHIO   VALLEY    HERDS.     193 

Tf  V    l^^L^'T  ^^^  ^'''''^  ^^'^"^Sh  to  Phila- 
delphia/    The  Shakersof  Warren  Countyalso 
gave  their  attention  to  the  improvement  of 
their  cattle  by  the  use  of  the  Patton  and  "Sev- 
enteen   blood.    Cattle-feeding  was  thoroughly 
established  as  a  profitable  industry  by  the  time 
the  Walter  Dun  importations  were  made,  and 
the  rivalry  that  developed  between  the  breed- 
ers and  feeders  on  either  side  of  the  Ohio  River 
was  like  unto  that  which  existed  in  Britain 
-twixt  North  o'  Tweed  and  South  o'  Tweed  " 
The  owners  of  the  Dun  cattle  were  loud  in 
their  claims  as  to  the  superiority  of  their  stock 
over  the  other  Short-horns  of  that  period.    The 
bull  Comet  was  their  trump  card  and  was  hav- 
ing  quite  his  own  way  at  the  cattle  shows  f 
Kentucky  was  for  the  time  being  ''on  top.'' 
Men  of  similar  blood  and  with  equal  pride  in 
their  herds  dwelt  across  the  river,  however,  and 
they  did  not  propose  to  permit  their  friends 
relatives  and  competitors  in  Fayette,  Bourbon,' 
Clark  and  adjacent  (Kentucky)  counties  to  hold 
he  whip  hand.    They  had  the  land,  the  feed 
the^brains  and  the  capital  to  defend  their  own 

stock  of  the  EnS  8^f  bfoore  Ser  o  T'V"  ^°"'''  '"''^''"^  ^^"''^  '»'"' 
.hoLo„..ho™B,2d  lnS;;tstrnceV uL^  T''  Importations  or 

as  was  also  the  case  to  some  eJentTn  ^1  .  ,  ™"'*"'"®  °'  *^°«^  ^"-cedB: 
for  the  fact  that  abot  t  lift^y^^rs ^^o  ,t  w^"?  ""*'  °^*"-  '^'"'^  ^^'^^^'^ 
epeau of  '^ Lon.-horn  DurhaS?-  Thl  Jli  " e  how""""  ''  ''''"'  '"^^^^^ 
eraliy  unpopular.  mixture,  however,  proved  very  gon. 

tWlllian.  Warfleld.  In  Breeders  Gazette,  Aug.  5. 1886 


194 


A    HISTORY    OV   SITOUT-IIORN   CATTLE. 


s 


position  111  the  cattle  trade,  and  they  were  mei. 
of  action.  They  had  indeed  already  taken  steps 
to  protect  and  promote  their  own  interests  by 
the  formation  of  the  memorable 

Ohio  Importing  Company.— Felix  Renick,  u 
man  deserving  hij^h  rank  in  American  Short- 
horn history  as  one  of  the  most  intelligent  of  all 
those  who  helped  to  place  the  "infant  industry  " 
squarely  upon  its  feet,  was  the  prime  mover  in 
a  proposition  looking  to  the  formation  of  a 
joint  stock  company  to  be  made  up  of  the  lead- 
ing contemporary  cattle-growers  of  the  Scioto 
Valley  and  contiguous  Ohio  territory  for  the 
purchase  of  English  cattle.  Nov.  2,  1833,  ex- 
Governors  Allen  Trimble  and  Duncan  McAr- 
thur,  with  the  Messrs.  Renick  and  others, 
formed  a  company  "for  the  purpose  of  promot- 
ing the  interests  of  agriculture  and  of  intro- 
ducing an  improved  breed  of  cattle,"  and  they, 
together  with  the  subscribers  mentioned  below, 
contributed  the  amount  of  money  necessary 
"to  import  from  England  some  of  the  best  ini- 
pro^^ed  cattle  of  that  country." 

There  were  in  all  about  fifty  shareholders, 
but  two  of  whom  resided  out  of  the  State. 
These  were  Isaac  Cunningham  of  Kentucky 
and  W.  H.  Cunningham  of  Virginia.  The  fol- 
lowing is  a  list  of  the  other  suuscribers  from 
the  several  counties  represented  in  this  asso- 
ciation:  Ross — Ex-Gov.  Duncan  McArthur,  Fe- 


DKVKI.(,|.MENT   OF   OHIO    VALLEY    UEKDS.    195 

lix  Uenick  Oeorgr  Renick,  .lames  Vanse,  [{.  R 
^e.vjnonr,  E^J.  Ilar„es.s.  Arthur  Watts,  S.  Mc^ 
NcJoni  McNeil,  Wesley  Claypool,  .J„|,„  'f. 
Wel,b,  Robert  btewart,  Arehil.ald  Stewart„Jas. 
..  Wl„te   John  I-aiicake.  Mm  Foster,  Jolm 
rouse,  Presley  Morris,  Jolm  I,  Taylor  B  J 
I'avis  an.l  Charles  Davis.    The  subscribers' in 
iK'kavvay  County  were:   William  Renick,  S  S 
Dem.ey,  i  homas  Ilnston,  Elias  Florence,  .Josiah 
Reruck,  Harness  Renick,  Thomas  Renick,  Wil- 
liam Itemck  Jr.,  Jonathan  Renick,  Elias  Pratt, 
John  Bogsfs  Sr.,  J  M.  Alkire.  Francis  Campbell 
Lum  Stevenson.  Ashel  Reni<.k  and  George  Rad- 
rfiff.    IromtranklinCoimtywere:  M.  L  Sul- 
hvaat  Lyne  Sterling  and  E.  W.  Gwynne     Fav- 
otte-Uatteal  Harris<,n,  A.  Hagler  and  M.  Pat- 
ta-son     H,ghland^Ex.Gov.  Allen  Trimble  and 
H.  I .  Gallaway     Pike-Jolm  1.  Vanmeter. 
J  he  stockholders  appointed  Felix  Renick  as 

tlie  cattle.     1  hat  his  experience  was  such  as  to 
'inalify  him  admirably  for  the  work  must  an 
l>ear  from  what  has  already  been  stated  cI" 

to  bullock-breeding.  Edwin  J.  Harness  and 
.  osiah  Romck  were  designated  to  act  as  assist- 
.  its  aiiey  were  not  limited  to  the  purchase 
Short-horns,  the  idea  being  to  entrust  the 
ti.o  with  plenary  powers.  Members  of  the 
company  were  willing  to  experiment  with  other 


If 


M' 


i;i        M 


lOG        A    HISTORY   OF   SIlOKT-IIOliN   CATTLP^. 

breeds  if  thought  advisable,  and  in  a  letter  writ- 
ten by  Henry  Chiy  to  Gov.  Trimble,  dated  Wash- 
ington, L).  ('.,  Dec.  13, 1838,  the  great  Kentuckian 
advised  the  pu  rchase  of  typical  specimens  of  the 
"Durham,"  Hf^-eford  and  Devon  breeds.    He 
thought  the  Devons  might  do  well,  as  being 
specially  adapted  for  contending  w^ith  the  hard- 
ships of  the  long  journey  from  the  West  to  the 
Eastern  markets.    That  Mr.  Renick  was  not 
averse  to  studying  this  proposition  is  shown  by 
the  fact  that  while  at  Baltimore  en  route  to  Eng- 
land he  and  his  colleagues  visited  a  herd  of 
Devons  belonging  to  Mr.  Patterson  of  that  city 
and  they  were  well  pleased  with  the  "rubies." 
Proceeding  to  Philadelphia  they  called   upon 
Col.  Powel,  examined  his  Short-hoi'n  herd,  and 
received  many  useful  hints  from  him  in  refer- 
ence to  the  purchasing  and  shipping  of  stock 
across  the  Atlantic.     It  is  of  interest  in  this 
connection  as  showing  the  changes  in  popular 
taste  in  respect  to  color  that  Felix  Renick  spoke 
of  the  Powel  cattle  as  "white,  red-and-whitc 
pied  and  the  fashionable  roan.''    They  had  set 
out  from  Ohio  upon  their  long  journey  on  Jan. 
29,  1S34,  and  it  is  needless  to  say  that  they  ar- 
rived in  England  free  from  prejudice  not  only 
as  between  the  different  breeds  but  also  as  be- 
tween the  rival  breeders  of  Short-horns,  con- 
cerning whom  they  had  doubtless  heard  some- 
thing from  Col.  Powel  before  embarking  for  the 
other  side. 


OEVKLOPMENT   OF   OHIO    VALI.KY    ItKltlW.     I<»7 

Felix  Renick  and  confreres  in  England.- 

.  ,'";  1! '"'  ^"-  ■:* "S«"'«  ''""l«'l  at  Liverpo,.!  March 
24  lH.i4  and  n„n,e,liately  addressed  themselves 
to  the  h„M.ness  in  hand.  As  the  visit  was  ai. 
Instonc  one  by  reason  of  its  far-rea<-hinK  effects 
upon  Amer.can  Short-horn  breeding,  some  de- 
tails  will  be  of  interest. 

After  examining  a  few  herds  about  Liverpool 
hey  ,„u,„eyed  toward  Yorkshire,  .stopping  at 
Leeds  to  see  the  herd   of  Mr.  W    F    I'alev 
Jind.ng  his  stock  of   excellent  bree.ling  and 
quahty  they  sec.red  options  on  a  few  animals 
They  next  attended  the   Ripley  show,  after 
winch  they  proceeded  to  Studley  to  se^  R  ,  b 
ard  Booth's  herd.    With  the  Stucfley  cattle  M 
Ren.ck  was  well  pleased,  but  as  they  were  then 
announced  to  be  .sold  at  a  later  date  at  auction 
none  could  be  priced.     Th.  herds  of  J.  WooT 

Stb  r  ;  f.-.^Tr'^'  '■  Cl«-k  and  the  elder 
Uooth  (at  villerby)  were  next  seen.    Arriving 

Bates     Ti"  *''"  ^""'"'-'^"«  fe»  in  with  Thos! 
uates.     Xhey  were  at  once  invited  to  Kirklev 
nw^M.  Bates  in^is^^^^ 

r'    ^^;^;.*^^i^^q"^^;ters  while  in  that  vicin- 
ity^    Mr.  Kenick  writing  of  this  said:     "Mr. 

i".  at  tho  King's  Head  came  up  t"  S^tru,?;'.  '."'f  f  "f  ^^  «'^^- 
thoconversatlon  BateB  BOOH  found  thVtfh  In  the  course  of 

upon  the  Bubject  of  Short^horns     •    ^  •    hJ  '"''''««««'"  ^  ^"-^^t  knowledge 
experience,  telling  them,  among  other  things  That  «  T'"/""  '"'*''"«  °^  ^^^ 


Ill 


IP  I 


198 


A  HISTORY  OF  SHORT-HORN  CATTLE. 


Bates  is  a  wealthy  bachelor,  owns  a  fine  farm 
of  1,000  acres,  all  under  best  cultivation.  He 
keeps  a  dairy  of  forty  or  fifty  cows,  generally 
of  the  best  Short-horn  blood,  from  which  he 
raises  some  very  fine  stock,  and  had  then  on 
hand  some  young  bulls  and  heifers  better  than 
any  we  have  seen  elsewhere."  Bates  was  evi- 
dently flattered  by  the  compliments  bestowed 
by  these  intelligent  foreign  visitors — the  more 
so,  doubtless,  as  they  had  already  been  at  Stud- 
ley  and  Killerby — and  to  the  surprise  of  his 
friends  he  offered  to  sell  them  six  of  his  best 
females.  The  Americans  were  not  yet  ready 
to  buy,  however,  and  continued  their  investi- 
gations. Bates  furnished  them  with  horses 
and  rode  with  his  guests  for  several  days  among 
the  herds  of  the  Valley  of  the  Tees;  "but," 
says  Felix  Renick,  "  from  our  own  observa- 
tions, as  well  as  the  judgment  of  Mr.  Bates, 
their  stock  [that  of  the  neighboring  breeders] 
is  generally  '  going  back.' "  He  expressed  dis- 
appointment at  the  character  of  many  of  the 
herds  visited.  They  then  turned  Southward, 
"Mr.  Bates  going  with  us."  Evidently  the 
sage  of  Kirklevington  was  determined  that  his 
guests  should  not  "go  wrong"  in  their  buying 
— from  his  standpoint — if  he  could  prevent  it. 
In  company  with  Bates  they  called  on  Jonas 
Whi taker,  who  had  dispersed  his  herd  the  pre- 
vious autumn. 


DEVELOPMENT   OF   OHIO   VALLEY   HERDS.    199 

At  this  point  in  their  inquiries  it  was  ar- 
ranged for  Messrs.  Harness  and  Josiah  Renick 
to  go  to  London  and  thence  into  Hereford  and 
Devonshire  as  per  Henry  Clay's  suggestion.    If 
pleased  with  those  breeds  Felix  Renick  was  to 
join  them  and  decide  as  to  what  should  be  done. 
The  impression  made  upon  these  gentlemen  was 
evidently  not  favorable  as  against  the  Short- 
horns as  no  purchases  were  made.    Meantime 
Felix  Renick  went  with  Mr.  Whitaker  and  Mr. 
Paley  to  Lord  Althorpe's,  and  with  Bates  to 
Lord  Feversham's.    Mr.  Fawkes,  Col.  Cradock 
and  Mr.  Raine  were  also  visited.    It  thus  ap- 
pears that  a  very  thorough  examination  of  the 
English  herds  of  that  date  was  made,  and  in  a 
letter  to  his  friend,  S.  S.  Denney  of  Ohio,  Felix 
Renick  gave  his  impressions  of  the  cattle  as 
follows: 

"From  the  appearance  of  many  of  the  old  bulls  and  cows  we 
have  seen,  which  are  now  from  twelve  to  twenty  years  of  age  it  is 
very  evident  to  me  that  their  stocks  here  have  been  rather  oli  the 
dechne  for  some  years  back  owing  to  several  causes,  the  principal 
of  which  I  believe  to  be  the  unboundeu  prejudices  generally  pre- 
vailmg  among  the  breeders,  each  one  thinking  his  own  the  best 
and  consequently  breeding  in-and-in  too  muoh,  to  the  great  injury 
of  their  stock,  although  some  of  them  are  now  partially  convinced 
ot  their  error  and  in  some  measure  changing  their  practice 

"We  have  done  the  best  we  could  and  procured  some  that  are 
at  least  as  good  as  the  country  affords,  for  which  we  have  paid  all 
sorts  of  prices,  from  30  guineas  up  to  175  guineas,  such  is  the 
disparity  of  prices.  The  value  depends  almost  entirely  upon  the 
purity  of  blood  and  high  pedigree.  If  a  breeder  here  goes  to  our- 
chase  an  animal  for  his  own  use  to  breed  from  he  will  not  have  it 
at  all  If  he  cannot  trace  it  back  some  50  or  100  years  and  have  it 
descended  from  the  famous  bull  Comet,  that  sold  for  1,000  guineas 


;  V 


1  III 

\     ''     "TtHi 

PP 

l  ;■    ; 

1   ■,! 
l!  Ij;  ^ 

i      j 

1 1'  i 

;  i  i 


m 


if^i1 


200 


A    HISTORY   OP   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


or  some  other  equally  as  good ;  and  on  the  side  of  the  dam  it  must 
also  have  descended  from  Old  Daisy,  for  whom  some  hundred 
guineas  were  refused,  or  some  other  equal  in  their  estimation. 
Thus  you  see  the  situation  we  are  placed  in.  We  must  either  take 
cattle  without  pedigree  or  much  of  anything  else  to  recommend 
them  or  take  those  that  have  at  least  pedigrees,  with  more  excel- 
lence of  form  and  size,  at  a  high  price.  The  latter  was  in  our 
judgment  the  better  of  the  two  alternatives  and  the  one  we  have 
so  far  pursued,  and  shall  continue  to  pursue,  and  take  fewer  in 
number." 

Having  looked  che  ground  over  to  his  satis- 
faction Mr.  Renick  selected  and  bought  nine- 
teen head  of  cattle — seven  bulls  and  twelve 
females.  Norfolk  he  had  been  unable  to  secure 
from  Mr.  Fawkes  at  an  alleged  offer  of  400  guin- 
eas. Mr.  Bates  had  priced  his  "pet  beauty," 
Duchess  33d,  at  150  guineas,  Duchess  34th  at  100 
guineas,  and  the  Matchem  Cow  at  15  guineas, 
but  neither  of  those  noted  animals  was  bought. 
It  is  alleged  that  the  influence  of  Mr.  Whitaker 
was  strenuously  exerted  against  the  purchase 
of  these  two  Duchesses,  but  as  the  former  (bred 
to  Norfolk)  became  the  ancestress  of  the  costly 
New  York  Mills  cattle  and  the  other  produced 
the  Duke  of  Northumberland  it  was  probably 
well  for  Bates  interests  that  the  Americans  did 
not  take  them.  Mr.  Renick  was  particularly 
pleased  with  the  young  stock  by  Belvedere  and 
took  four  of  his  get — two  bulls  and  two  heifers. 
The  cattle  were  shipped  during  the  summer  of 
1834  to  Philadelphia,  wiience  they  were  driven 
over  the  mountains  through  to  Chillicothe  and 
placed  upon  Mr.  Renick's  farm.    The  judgment 


DEVELOPMENT   OF   OHIO    VALLEY    HERDS.    201 

of  the  stockholders  and  contemporary  breeders 
was  that  Mr.  Renick  had  discharged  his  difficult 
task  in  an  eminently  satisfactory  manner.  The 
bulls  were  put  out  in  service  among  the  share- 
holders and  the  company  instructed  Mr.  Renick 
to  arrange  for  further  shipments. 

Two  of  the  heifers  included  in  this  importa- 
tion of  1834  gave  rise  to  families  of  Short-horns 
which  are  at  the  present  day  among  the  most 
numerous  to  be  found  in  the  leading  Short-horn 
breeding  States.     These  were  the  roan  heifers 
Rose  of  Sharon,  bred  by  Mr.  Bates  and  sired  by 
Belvedere,  and  Young  Mary,  bred  by  J.  Clark 
and  sired  by  Jupiter.    Young  Mary  was  taken  to 
Kentucky  and  is  said  to  have  produced  no  less 
than  fourteen  heifer  calves,  besides  one  or  two 
))ulls-possibly  the  most  extraordinary  case  on 
i-ecord     She  lived  to  be  twenty-one  years  old. 
rhe  red  covv  Blossom,  by  Fitz  Favorite,  and  the 
heifer  Matilda,  by  Imperial,  also  left  numerous 
descendants.    Among  the  bulls  of  this  first  im- 
portation  were   the  three-year-old   roan   Re- 
ormor  (2505)  of  Raine  breeding;  the  yearling 
Duke  of  fork  (1941),  of  Whitaker's  breeding 
and  Rantipole  (2478),  bred  by  Mr.  Paley,  main- 
ly of  Booth  descent. 
Whitaker's  selections  of  1835  and  1836  — 

f  \?' iJn'f  ?''''*^  '^  '''^^  *^  ''''^'  ^^^  judgment 
of  Mr.  Whitaker  for  such  additional  stock  as 
might  be  wanted,  and  wrote  him  as  follows; 


iiiiM 


202 


A    HISTORY    OP    SHORT-HORN    CATTLE. 


"I  am  authorized  by  the  company  to  make  another  small  impor 
tation  in  the  spring,  which  I  beg  the  favor  of  doing  through  you. 
The  calf  of  your  old  cow  Minna  by  Norfolk  I  shall  expect,  pro- 
vided he  still  continues  to  do  well  and  proves,  when  the  time 
arrives  for  starting  him,  to  be  first  rate  in  form,  size,  handling, 
etc.  This  will  be  left  entirely  to  your  own  judgment  and  deci- 
sion. But  we  wish,  if  possible,  to  havr  something  a  little  supe- 
rior to  anything  that  has  yet  been  imported.  If  you  do  not  con- 
sider him  so  at  that  time  we  do  not  wish  him  sent.  We  also  wish 
you  to  procure  us  two  young  cows  with  calves  by  Norfolk  or  other 
good  bull.  *  *  *  The  prices  we  were  asked  for  year-old  bull 
calves  by  Lord  Althorpe  and  Mr.  Bates  were  fifty  guineas.  From 
others  we  could  have  purchased  them,  perhaps  equally  good,  from 
that  price  down  to  thirty  guineas.  We  want  none  without  fair 
pedigrees,  but  form  and  size  they  must  have  or  they  will  not  be 
well  received  here.  You  will,  of  course,  not  forget  the  handling 
and  quality." 

The  importation  of  1835  was  a  small  one  and 
included  several  animals  sent  out  on  individ- 
ual account.  It  was  upon  this  occasion  that 
Mr.  Bates  shipped  to  America  the  Skipton 
Bridge  Bull  (5208)  and  the  heifer  Hon.  Miss 
Barrington  as  a  i)resent  to  the  Bishop  of  Ohio 
at  Kenyon  College.  In  1836  a  large  shipment 
was  forwarded,  including  many  splendid  spec- 
imens of  the  breed.  These  lots  came  via  New 
York,  being  shipped  from  Albany  to  Buffalo  by 
the  Erie  Canal,  by  lake  from  Buffalo  to  Cleve- 
land, and  thence  driven  "overland"  to  Chilli- 
cothe.  Great  care  and  j udgment  were  evidently 
used  in  making  these  selections.  Whitaker 
had  the  assistance  of  Mr.  Paley  and  Mr.  Fawkes 
and  wrote  to  Mr.  Renick  shortly  before  the  cat- 
tle were  forwarded  as  follows: 

"Mr.  Fawkes  and  I  returned  I  s.  night  from  our  tour  of  inspec- 
tion among  all  the  principal  breeders  from  Ripon  to  the  Bishop  of 


DEVELOPMENT    OF   OHIO    VAI.I.EY    HERDS.     203 

...0  Eurl  Of  Spencer  atwS?rwfw™r;t""^elT°°'r,'°,°' 
for  seven  days.    Booth  had  nothineto  .en    V„^  ""■''y''"'!  l»te 

^el°Gata':^^r  ^"-^  '"  "■-"".-  -^  in    ndrwrtMn^l! 

[;;"corr.eftLn:srairf''«^"j»~'-"-^^^^^^ 
r%n"rf~{f-rh=^rrarr:ft^ 

.™.^  3e  h,.H  iVornT^^^p^feXhtr  °kTa  ^nt^'P/^ 
muiiths  old,  by  Belvedere  dim  w  B.i, T'  '  °' "  """  »"!' Ave 
.■Hlh.hehadtLmodestvtoaA  4^  Belvedere,  mandam  Dnehess 
I VTO  T0im»  bims  h,,t  ,h  """"""■    ^  "™'''  'X'™  ''""Kilt 

pajhrho'St'S  eXiirhrArvVT"'  '^  ^™^-  ^'• 

I.i,t  Sherwood's.    I  have  flSed  ^l         ,  "^''  ""^  °'  ""=°' 

;.n..have  not  t^.e  .o'°  ^e" y^prrSriS  laof  ^0^  11 
havioB  received  autlientieated  pediRrecs  of  ,eve!^i'      •      , ' 

sl,allhaveexoeededy,urUn,ts,'b„too„,dlavoM5t"'°'''''-     ' 

The  Shipments  of  1835  and  1836  en,braced 
forty-two  animals,  bringing  the  total  number 
«t  cattle  imported  by  the  Ohio  Co.  up  to  sixty- 
one  head,  a  complete  record  of  which  may  bo 
found  in  the  valuable  list  of  imported  cows 
oinpiled  by  Mr.  William  Warfield  and  pub! 
1  .hed  by  the  American  Short-horn  Breeders' 
A.s.sociatiou.    Space  will  not  permit  us  to  enu- 
mem  e     ,i  ,„  ty.,  connection.     It  should  be 
^tated,  however,   that  among    the    selections 
ma  e  by  Mi.  Whitaker  wer:  the  a^t™" 
celebrated  cows  Josephine,  by  Norfolk  (2377)- 
ionng  Phylhs,  by  Fairfax  (1023);  lllustrio,;' 
by  Emperor  (1974),  and  Harriet    by  Young 

at  Ml.  Whitaker's  ,n  1834  he  fell  quite  in  love 


'<     M 


204        A    HISTORY    OF    SIIORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


with  the  cow  Minna,  by  Frederick,  mentioned 
in  his  letter  already  quoted.  It  seems  that  this 
cow  was  also  a  special  favorite  with  Mrs.  Whit- 
aker,  and  she  promised  Mr.  Renick  that  the 
next  heifer  calf  produced  by  Minna  should  be 
reserved  for  him.  The  cow  was  bred  to  Nor- 
folk, and  the  progeny — the  red-and-white  Jo- 
sephine, dropped  in  November,  1835 — was  sent 
out  as  a  calf  to  Mr.  Renick  according  to  prom- 
ise. She  developed  into  a  cow  of  outstanding 
excellence,  and  her  descendants  for  many  years 
constituted  one  of  the  best  families  of  Sliort- 
horns  known  in  the  Western  States.  Young 
Phyllis  was  a  roan,  dropped  Sept.  11, 1831,  bred 
by  the  Earl  of  Carlisle  and  imported  for  Mr. 
E.  J.  Harness.  This  cow  had  a  very  distin- 
guished career  as  a  breeder  in  Kentucky,  and 
her  descendants  are  now  to  be  found  in  many 
first-class  herds.  One  of  her  daughters,  Cath- 
erine Turley,  by  Goldfinder  (2066),  lived  to  be 
eighteen  years  old.  Illustrious  was  also  a  roan, 
dropped  March,  1835,  and  bred  by  Mr.  Crofton. 
A  high  price  was  paid  for  her.  Mr.  Whitakcr 
wrote :  "I  consider  her  dear,  but  being  a  beau- 
tiful calf  and  from  one  of  the  best  herds  in  the 
country  I  was  obliged  to  give  more  than  1 
thought  she  was  worth.  As  you  wished  some- 
thing superlative  I  could  not  leave  her."  De- 
scendants of  Illustrious  attained  high  rank  as 
show  and  jjreeding  stock  in  various  Western 


DEVELOPMENT   OF   OHIO  VALLEY    HERDS.     205 

herds.    Harriet  was  a  red-roan  oi  March,  1835 
M.e  was  i,„ported  for  Mr.  James  Ken kk  of 
Kejitueky   a  son-in-law  of  Mr.  Felix  Eenick 
and  her  blood,  as  well  as  that  of  Josephhfe 
ami  lUustnons,  was  afterward  used  by  the  late 

str  fa^iit  ^"  "'"-^"^ "''- "''«- :? 

Among  the  sixteen  bulls  imported  in  1835 
If.il  ey  {1855),  a  light  roan  bred  by  John  May- 

p  n.  After  Reformer  became  inefficient 
tins  bull  seems  to  have  been  more  generally 
used  upon  the  best  cows  of  the  compfny  ban 
any  other  except  the  Duke  of  York  He  harf 
no  difficulty  in  defeating  in  the  show-yard  the 
u  I  Comet  o    the  Dun  importation  which  we 

■oaf  JisTrV'.'"'"'"''-    ^''''^''"'J'^''  (2066), 
a  oan  of  1835,  had  a  very  successful  career  as 

a  breeder,  fully  confirming  the  hopes  Mr  Whit 

aker  expressed  regarding  him  at  the  tinTe  he 

was  selected  as  a  calf.    Prince  Charies  (24GlT 

anotlier  roan,  calved  in  1834,  bred  byMr  Wl,  t- 

aker  and  sired  by  Norfolk,  was  imported  sne 

cmlly  for  M.  Geo.  Renick  and  ranked  among 

e  very  best  of  all  the  bulls  bronght  out   ,! 

the  course  of  the  operations  of  the  Oh^  Co 

An„io,l  (2371),   by  Norfolk,   matured  into  a 


I'  I 

'  i      m 


fl  ' 


i ' 

1 

t 

! 

206 


A    HISTORY   OF    RHORT-ITORN    CATTLE. 


grand  animal,  bnt  ho  developed  what  appeared 
to  be  a  tumor  before  the  company's  sale,  and 
but  for  that  would  have  doubtless  brought  a 
very  long  price,  as  Abram  Renick  favored  pur- 
chasing him  instead  of  Matchem  (2283),  but 
his  associates  did  not  agree  v^ith  him  in  this. 
Nimrod  was  bought  by  Col.  Florence  and  used 
on  grades.  A  few  pure-bred  cows  were  sent  to 
him,  however,  by  Harness  Renick  and  others, 
the  produce  being  cattle  of  extraordinary  merit. 
Sale  of  Oct.  29,  1836.— The  object  of  the 
company — the  transfer  from  England  of  a  val- 
uable stock  of  breeding  cattle  to  Ohio  soil- 
having  now  been  accomplished,  it  was  decided 
to  close  up  the  financial  affairs  of  the  "syn- 
dicate" by  means  of  auction  sales,  at  which 
stockholders  and  outsiders  alike  would  have 
the  privilege  of  bidding.  The  first  of  these— 
which  was  the  earliest  important  event  of  the 
kind  in  America — was  held  upon  Felix  Renick's 
Indian  Creek  Farm,  in  Rosi  County,  in  the  au- 
tumn of  1836.  The  cattle  were  in  fine  condi- 
tion, the  attendance  was  large  and  high  prices 
were  realized,  as  will  appeal-  from  the  subjoined 
report: 

cows   AND   HEIFERS. 

Teeswater,  roan,  calved  Oct.  22,  1832;  bred  by  Bates,  of 
Princess  blood,  and  heifer  calf  Cometess,  by  Comet  Hal- 
ley— John  I.  Vanmeter,  Pike  Co. ,  O |2,225 

Young  Mary,  roan  four-year-old,  by  Jupiter,  and  roan  heifer 
calf  Pocahontas,  by  Comet  Halley— Edwin  J.  Harness, 
Ross  County 1,500 


DEV;:'9PMENT   OF   OHIO   VALLEY   HERDS.     207 

Flora,  roan  four-year^ld,  by  son  of  Young  Albion  (7^n^       a 

Mahna.  red-and-white  two-year-old,  bred  "by  Whitayer' ' 
Isaac  Cunniuffhum,  Kentucky..  wnitaifer- 

Blossom,  rod  six-vear-old    hv  ttu ,  rn -^ ■^'^'^^ 

'  °'-^  J'^'ir  oia,  Dy  t  itz  Favorite  (1043)— R    r 

Seymour,  Ross  County  ^        "^  •^*- 

Gaudj-  red-and-white,  five  years  oli'Vbrcd^by  X.L.Maynard  ''"^"^ 
-James  M  Trimble,  Highland  County .....  ^  "'''^     .^ 

Lily  of  the  Valley  of  the  Tees,  roan,  five  years  old  'hr.A  k  ' 

Raine-Thomas  Huston,  PiclauvayCouu".^''''"'  '^     ,5, 

Celestma,  roan  two  years  old.  bred  by  Whitaker-Thomas 
Huston,  Pickaway  County  -^ nomas 

Beauty  of  the  West,  red  two^year-old"  heifer  "from"  imp  *      ''" 
Blossom,  by  Fit.  Favorite-Asahel  Renick.  PiLwry 

Lady  AberneVhy; '  roan "  yearling '  ■(imp;;;;d);'  bred "  by  Mr  ^""^ 

Wyhe-Thomas  Huston,  Pickaway  Count;.  ""        '  «,, 

'StuckT.'.^'"""^'  '^''"''^"'  («1'-1)-Abram Renick, 

'Imer  ^4S'i!^;f "'°  ^ito;  yearflng  heifc:;,-by  He.  ''' 

LiTrI;:  County!'  "'■  " ''  ^'^"'^-^-  ^-  «^^- 

Poppy,  red-and-white  heifer  calf,  by  Raniip;ie'(24V8)  out  'of     ^^'' 
Blos^m  by  Fit.  Favorite-Haraoss  R^ci,  plZ:y 

Pink    red-and-white  hdr^;  calf,'  by'lmp."  Duke  of'  York     "'" 

Sanrcruil^r'^^^^'"^^^^^"^^-^"""^-^ 

°"1v  n-  °^  ^i^"'^'^^^'  i^^Ported  in  1834,"  but'  unpedii^reed ' '      ^'^ 

WUliuraM.  Anderson,  Ross  County  '  ""P'^'^^o^eed- 

Lady  Paiey,  red-and-white  heifer  calf,'  by  "Ra^ntipole  r^^ 

«;  Cot^'I;"'*^"'"°  "'  "'"""-George  Radelitt,  Picf- 

405 


(j.f  •■  ii 


m 


l_ 

H^E 

T 

:   '. 
ii 

i   ! 

1  t 

HS  !! 


208        A   HISTORY    OF    SHOUT- IIOIIN    TATTLE. 

Calypso,  rod-and-whito,  five  years  oM,  imported  in  18:{4,  sired 

by  Bertram  (171«)--S.  McNeil,  Koss  County 325 

Lady   Blanehe,  sold   as  d()iil)tlul    l)reedor  -Charles  Davis, 

Ross  County 350 

Lady  Colling,  doubtful  breeder— J.  T.  Webb,  Ross  County. . .      205 

BUM.8. 

Duko  of  Norfolk  (H)HO),  red-and-white  yoarlinp,  imported, 

sired  by  Norfolk  (2877) —Robert  Stewart,  Ross  County. ,   1,265 

Younp  Waterloo  (2817),  roan,  throo  years  old,  bred  by  Bates, 
of  Princess  blood— R.  D.  Lilley,  Hiphlaud  County,  for 
Gov.  Trimble  and  others 1,350 

Matchem  (228;?),  roan,  five  years  old,  bred  by  J.  Woodhouse, 
sired  by  Imperial  (3151)— Renick,  Cunningham  and  War- 
fleld  of  Kentucky ,   1,300 

Greonholme  Experiment  (2075),  roan,  tvi^o  year?  old,  bred  by 

Whitaker— James  M.  Trimble,  Highland  County 1,150 

Duke  of  York  (10^1),  red-and-white  three-year-old,  bred  by 
Whitaker,  got  by  Frederick  (lOflO)— R.  R.  Seymour,  Ross 
Countv 1^120 

Goldflnder  (2000),  roan  yearling,  bred  by  J.  Lawson,  sired  by 
Charles  (1815)— Renick,  Cunningham  and  Wartield  of 
Kentucky i,o«5 

Nimrod  (3371),  roan  yearling,  bred  by  Mr.  Tempest,  sired  by 

Norfolk  -Elias  Florence,  Pickaveay  County IJ\0 

Whitakci-  (2880),  roan  two-year-old,  bred  by  Whitaker,  sired 
by  Norfolk,  dam  Minna,  hence  own  brother  to  imp.  J j- 
sophine— William  M.  Anderson,  Ross  County 855 

Rantipolo  (3478) ,  red-and-white  four-year-old,  bred  by  W.  F. 

Paley— Arthur  Watts,  Ross  County 810 

Logan  (2218),  roan  yearling,  by  Duke  of  York  (l'.»41),  dam 

imp.  Young  Mary— J.  Renick 750 

Earl  of  Darlington  (1944), roan  three-year-old,  bred  by  Bates 

and  sired  by  Belvedere- B.  Harrison,  Fayette  County. .      71'J 

John  Bull  (3101),  red,  little  white,  bull  calf,  by  Earl  of  Dar- 
lington, dam  Gaudy— William  Renick  Jr.,  Ohio 015 

Duke  of  Leeds   (19;i8),   roan  yearling,   by  Norfolk  — John 

Crouse,  Ross  County 575 

Windham  (2845),  red-and-w)iite  yearling,  bred  by  Earl  Spen- 
cer—Charles Davis,  Ro;     County 500 

Davy  Crockett  (3571),  roan  yearling,  recorded  as  from  imp. 

Young  Mary— Peter  Ayres,  Ohio 490 

Snow  Drop  (3654),  white  yearling,  by  Reformer  (2.505),  dam 
Lily  of  the  Valley  of  the  Tees— Stewart  &  McNeil,  Ohio.     480 


DEVELOPMENT   OF   OHIO  VALLEY   HERDS.     200 

r,ulopcndonco  (2152),  roan  yoarlinK,  by  Earl  of  DarlinRton 

(lam  imp  Matilda- Hap:lor&  Peterson,  Itoss  County  4(K, 

Lommodoro  Perry  (lHr,l)),  red  yearling,  by  Ueformer,  dani 

r  ,' 7;o^r''''?''~^-  ^^-  CreiRhton,  Madison  Connt;  .  400 

Golmh  (20«H)    rod  yearling  by  Earl  of  Darlington,  dam  imp 

Calypao-Isauo  V.  Cunuingliam,  Scioto  County  "      800 

24  fcmaloB  Hold  for $19,545;  an  average  of.  «814  -a 

'"  ""'"^  «"1'^  f"'* 14,!K.5;  an  average  of w'"f 

4«  animals  sold  for 84,540;  an  average  of .:;  :■..;.:: .'  m^ 

The  })rilLs  Reformer  and  Columbus  were  sold 
at  this  sale  as  "unsound,"  and  as  th(>y  there- 
fore commanded  a  low  priee  they  ai-e  not  in- 
cluded above.   The  company  made  a  present  to 
Fehx  Renick  upon  this  occasion  of  the  roan 
six-months-old  bull  calf  Paragon  of  the  West 
(464<)),  sired  by  imp.  Duke  of  York  (1041)  out 
of  imp.  Rose  of  Sharon.     This  was  a  graceful 
act  upon  tiie  part  of  the  stockholders,  as  the 
calf  was  i-egarded  as  perhaps  the  most  valu- 
iblo  young  bull  in  the  possession  of  the  com- 
pany at  this  date.    Like  his  sire,  the  Duke  of 
York,  he  proved  a  very  superior  stock-getter 
and  in  the  fall  of  1837  won  first  prize  as  a  year- 
ling at  the  Ohio  State  Fair  at  Columbus.    Rose 
of  Shamn's  daughter,  Lady  of  the  Lake,  pur- 
chased by  Mr.  Seymour,  proved  a  great  breeder 
blio  never  grew  into  a  large  cow,  but  was  ex- 
ceedingly neat,  with  a  very   handsome  head 
and  prominent  eyes.    She  was  of  a  deep-red 
color,  with  a  little  white  on  each  flank  and  star 
m  forehead.    She  was  sold  to  George  Renick 
tor  whom  she  bred  five  heifers,  to- wit. :    1838— 

14 


Ill 


a 


210        A    HISTORY    OF   HIIORT-HOHN    CATTLE. 

Rose  of  Sharon  2(1,  l)y  Comot  Ilalley  (1855); 
1839 — Virginia,  red-aiicl- white,  by  Powhatan 
828A;  1840  —  Thames,  red,  by  Shakespeare 
(12062);  1842  — FhH-a,  roan,  by  Shakespeare, 
and  in  1844  Lady  of  the  Lake  2d,  red-roan,  by 
Young  Shakespeare  1311.  All  of  these  heifers 
left  a  valuable  progeny,  some  of  which,  in  the 
hands  of  Abram  Renick  of  Kentucky,  gained 
international  fame.  After  the  conclusion  of 
this  sale  the  imported  bull  Duke  of  Norfolk 
was  resold  to  Gov.  Vance  and  J.  H.  James  of 
Champaign  (^ounty  for  $1,400. 

Final  sale  in  1837.— On  Oct.  24,  1837,  the 
company's  affairs  were  finally  closed  up  by  a 
sale  of  such  stock  as  still  remained  in  its  hands, 
which  consisted  at  that  date  of  the  animals 
sold  as  per  following  list: 

BULLS. 

Comet  Halley  (1855),  light  roan,  bred  by  John  Maynard; 
calvod  December,  1883;  sired  by  Matchem  (2281),  dam  by 
Frederick  (10()0)— George  Renick  and  others $2,500 

Acmon  (1606)  ,*  roan,  calved  1833 ;  bred  by  W.  Raine ;  by  Anti- 
Radical  (10-12),  dam  Sally  by  Young  Rockingham  (2547) 
— M.  L.  Sullivant  &  Co.,  Columbus,  O 3,500 

Hazlewood  (2098),  red-roan,  calved  April  9,  1836;  bred  by  W. 
F.  Paley;  got  by  Norfolk  (2377)— Gov.  Trimble  and  R.  R. 
Seymour 700 

Powhatan  828}^,  red-and-white,  calved  Oct.  6, 1836:  got  by 

imp,  Comot  Halley  out  of  imf).  Flora— Harness  Renick. .      500 

Bouncer  (3196),  roan,  calved  March  18,1836;  bred  by  Col. 
Cradock;  got  by  Magnum  Bonum  (2243)— John  Walk, 
Pickaway  County 450 

•Acmon  was  a  great  show  bull  and  also  proved  a  superior  stock-getter. 


DEVELOPMENT   OP    oHIO    VALLEY    HEHD8. 
Siintu  Anna,  roun,  calved  .Iiiiw  a   tuu-r        *  i.     . 


211 


42& 


cows  AND  HEIPEKS. 

Elizabeth  (imported,,  roan,  calved  in  1882;  bred  bvT  H„. 

Amhpnn#  nri^    !  ^^^*^\^^^'^o\o,  Highland  County.  i  oon 

ArabellaMlmported),  red-and-white,  calved  March    ifi-U!     ' 

bredbyRPiikingtou;  got  by  Vic  cry  r>5C5 ,    InH     ^' 

Dr.  Arthur  Watts,  Chllllcothe  "    ^^^  '  ''"'^  *'^^'- 

Blush  (imported),  White,  calved  Jan.  lO,' 1835 -bred  bv  Mr' 

iX^^C^outty'^.^""^.''^^  ^^'^^^^-^-^  H.ircC: 
Emily  (imported),  "flecked,"  calved  Feb"2'5 'is-r/.'^;';;""' 

mus  (2384) ;  Asahel  Renlck,  Pickaway  Sunty'  '"^  ""'"■ 


1,200 


1,015 


875 


700 


630 


610 
$1,179.15 


van\^ctlu^;l".;"^^-  ''^^^^^^  ^^  '^«  West-M.i.^Sulli- 

Charlotto  (imported;,  roan,  calved  "l^i'rch;  1833;"  bred  bv  r" 

P^Ilangtou;  got  by  Alderman  (1622)-J.  G.  WhUe,  Ro^s 

Fidelle  (imported')'; roan,'  cai;ed  "iSSo'; '  'by'  Adrian  ' nT^h]  '■ 
bought  of  Vi^hitaker,  and  the  dam  of  bull  PrL!  "I^  ' 
Experiment  in  the  sale  of  ISaB-^len  Tr^^e  ^     ^''^'"^ 

CbuUssoldfor 15  7,075;  an  average  of     .V 

'.'  females  sold  for . . .  9  oon    nn  a^„  ^ *^' 

15  animals  sold  for      le  n^S  •'  T        ^'"^^  ''^' ' ^^^'"^ 

10,075;  an  average  of 107165 

This  was  a  period  of  great  expansion.    Values 
of  all  sorts  were  inflated  by  paper-currencyTs- 

Kenc:?hr'''r'''^'  in  the  general  '^boom  ' 
Hence  the  great  prices  made  at  this  sale.  Allen 
sTe_aks  m  his  "  History  of  the  Short-horns "  (page 

Bene  ana  Mary  Grey.    nTZn7ZlZTnZZ"  ^^'"/'^^^  «°^v«  Bessie 
red  many  fine  cattlo  ^•^''"l^a]  (41990)  was  used  by  George 


iind  Blred  many  fine  cattle. 


?e  Renlck 


212 


A    HISTORY   OF    SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


I 


Hi 


1 


183)  of  the  stockholders  reaping  "a  large  profit 
on  their  investment,"  but  this  was  not  true  save 
in  the  case  of  a  few  of  the  minor  members  of 
the  association,  who  were  not  buyers  of  cattle.* 

Nearly  all  the  capital  stock  subscribed  was 
repaid  in  cattle  at  high  prices.  Had  the  ani- 
mals been  resold  soon  the  shareholders  would 
have  made  a  good  profit,  but  most  of  them  were 
in  the  business  as  a  steady  pursuit  and  kept  the 
cattle  until  overtaken  by  the  great  depression 
that  soon  afterward  set  in.  George  Renick  in- 
vested more  liberally  than  any  other  one  stock- 
holder and  had  the  largest  herd,  but  his  sales  of 
surplus  stock  were  made  at  moderate  prices, 
and  in  1846  he  was  obliged  on  account  of  ad- 
vancing age  to  give  up  the  management  of  his 
landed  estates  and  his  entire  herd  was  offered 
at  auction.  "Hard  times"  i)revailed,  however, 
at  that  period  and  but  one-half  the  cattle  were 
sold,  and  those  at  ruinous  figures.  The  other 
Renicks,  Gov.  Trimble,  Messrs.  Seymour,  Sulli- 
vant,  Vanmeter,  Watts,  et  al.,  had  also  to  be  con- 
tent with  moderate  returns  until  the  revival 
which  set  in  about  1850. 

The  prime  object,  however— the  providing  of 
material  for  the  improvement  of  the  Ohio  and 

*  Among  theso  was  a  woU-known  capitalist.  Lyiii'  Starllnpr  of  (Columbus, 
who,  whon  tho  ajfoiit  of  ilie  company  oallt'd  afii'r  tlu'  lust  sale  and  paid  him 
more  than  doiiblo  tho  amount  of  IAb  Invostmout.  was  amazed,  and  told  Mr. 
Ronick  that  lie  iiad  Intended  the  amonnt  as  ;i  eontrlbntlon  for  tlie Improve- 
ment of  the  cattle  of  (he  country  and  had  never  expected  a  doll.'ir  in  re- 
turn.—Hon.  T.  C.  Jones,  in  Brceder^s  Oazette,  Sept.  7,  lil82. 


DEVELOPMENT  OF   OHIO   VALLEY   HERDS.    213 

Kentucky  herds-had  been  attained,  and  in 
that  fact  the  enterprising  men  who  made  these 
memorable  importations  found  ample  compen- 
ation.  Speaking  of  the  first  importation,  in  a 
le  ter  written  July  26,  1834,  Felix  Renick  said• 
less  than  &,e  months  old  C^»  "■"  yon-S^'-  a  coif 
views  than  that  of  ZZi.S^^ ZiL^ .Zr''  «™  '""'"^' 
It  could  e  done.  The  obwt  wL  «  .  "^  "  "'■'""•  Pro'Wed 
been  cabled  out  fo^the^o^d  rhflrcj^r  t^  It' hlrh  '"' 
well  or  illy  e^tecuted  Is  not  for  us  to  say."  ^''° 

It  is  indeed  difficult  to  overestimate  the  value 
of  the  Ohm  Co.'s  work.    It  gave  to  the  West 
not  only  the  Rose  of  Sharons,  Young  Marys 
Young  Phylhscs  and  Josephines,  but  supplied 
crosses  of  fre.sh  blood  that  proved  powerful  in- 
fluences  for  good  upon  the  herds  derived  from 
^irher  importations.    The  entire  industry  in 
Ohio  and  Kentucky  felt  the  quickening  touch 
and  in  later  years  the  full  fruition  of  the  fond- 
est hopes  of  the  company  were  more  than  real- 
ized. 

Thomas  Bates  to  Felix  Benick.-The  Ohio 
to  had  meditated  a  continuation  of  its  impor- 
tations, but  the  financial  drift  of  the  times  was 
not  favoi-able.  In  December,  1837,  Felix  Ren- 
ick  had  written  to  Mr.  Bates  in  reference  to 

the  Uuke  of  Northumberland  (1940)  While 
"otlnng  came  of  these  negotiations,'  the  ap- 
pended reply  of  Mr.  Bates  is  given  ik  full  as 


!    1 


214 


A   HISTORY    OF   SHORT-HORN    CATTLE. 


possessing  some  historic  interest.  The  itali- 
cized sentence  is  especially  characteristic  and 
shows  that  in  spite  of  all  his  claims  for  the 
Duchess  blood  Bates  was  fully  aware  of  the 
fact  that  it  was  the  Princess  bull  Belvedere 
that  really  made  his  herd.    We  quote: 

"KiRKLEviNQTON,  April,  1838.— 1  think  it  on  the  whole  better 
not  to  send  you  any  of  my  own  cattle  this  season,  the  exchange 
being  so  much  against  you.  Next  year,  as  you  say  you  intend  to 
continue  importing,  I  might  furnish  you  with  ten  young  heifers  or 
young  cows  having  had  a  calf  or  two,  and  live  or  six  young  bulls, 
either  of  the  age  you  got  the  two  last  from  me  or  a  year  older. 

"The  Duke  of  Northumberland  (1940)  and  Short-tail  (2621)  are 
the  only  bulls  I  am  now  using,  and  their  stock  is  even  more  prom- 
ising than  that  of  their  sire  Belvedere  (1706).  The  four  you  got 
of  me  were  all  by  Belvedere,  and  all  my  stock  are  by  him  and  his 
sons.  After  the  trials  I  have  now  had  and  seen  of  Short-horns  for 
nearly  sixty  years  nothing  could  induce  me  to  use  any  bull  that 
had  not  Belvedere's  blood.  You  will  find  it  all  moncu  thrown  away  to 
buy  any  bull  that  has  not  sprung  from  him. 

" Twenty-ei*ht  days  pfter  the  birth  of  the  Duke  of  Northum- 
berland (1940),  Brokenleg  (Duchess  34th),  whom  you  will  remem- 
ber, was  again  put  to  her  sire  Belvedere  and  brought  2d  Duke  of 
Northumberland.  She  has  since  brought  me  a  heifer  to  her  sire, 
and  is  now  I  expect  in  calf  to  Short-tail. 

"By  putting  Duke  of  York  (1041)  to  the  heifer?,  you  got  of  me 
you  will  bring  their  produce  into  disrepute.  I  will  on  no  consid- 
eration whatever  (if  you  would  give  me  ten  times  the  price  I 
would  otherwise  have  charged  you  for  a  heffer)  sell  you  any  heif- 
ers to  put  to  any  bulls  but  what  I  have  bred,  or  are  of  my  blood. 
Nor  will  I  sell  you  at  any  price  till  you  and  the  company  you  act 
with,  under  your  joint  hands,  have  solemnly  promised  not  to  do 
80.  My  object  has  never  been  to  make  money  by  breeding,  but  to 
improve  the  breed  cf  Short-horns ;  and  if  I  know  it  I  will  not  sell 
any  to  anyone  Avlio  has  not  the  same  object  in  view.  On  this  prin- 
ciple I  began  breeding,  and  I  am  convinced  I  have  a  better  breed 
of  Short-horns  in  my  iiossession  at  present  than  there  has  been 
for  the  last  fifty  years,  even  in  the  best  days  of  the  Messrs.  Col 
ling. 

"The  bull  you  ask  me  about  sending  you,  Duke  of  Northum- 
berland, is  everthing  I  can  wish  in  a  bull,  and  Short-tail  has  tukeu 


DEVELOPMENT   OP   OHIO    VALLEY    HERDS.    215 

after  2d  Hubback,  of  whom  his  dam  (Duchess  32d)  had  two  crosses. 
bhort-tail's  sister  (Duchess  41st),  the  best  animal  in  my  posses^ 
.ion,  I  expect  is  in  calf  to  the  Duke  of  Northumberland.    The  six 
from  ^vlnch  your  two  were  taken  were  good,  but  the  breed  of  the 
years  183a-b  were  far  superior  to  those  six,  though  very  good 
Brokenieg  (Duchess  34th)  I  offered  you  at  100  guineas     If  you 
were  to  send  twenty  times  that  sum  for  her  and  her  produce  I 
won  d  not  take  It  now.    You  will  remember  I  told  you  after  buy- 
.ng  the  two  heifers  that  if  either  of  them  died  on  the  passage  or 
did  no    breed  when  you  got  them  home  I  would  give  you  the  two 
nearest  in  blood  to  them.    Now  (Red  Rose  13th)  a  sisier  in  blood 
to  your  Rose  of  Sharon  (calved  since  you  were  here)  has  produced 
a  heifer  (2d  Cambridge  Rose)  to  her  sire  Belvedere ;  anS  for  the 
tu-o  I  would  not  take  1,000  guineas.    These  would  ha^e  been  yours 
now  had  yours  not  bred.    I  will  not  sell  either  cow  or  calf,  but  I 
have  no  objection  to  sell  the  bulls  I  breed  from  them,  or  fr;m  my 
Duchess  tribe,  which  are  far  better  animals  than  the  Red  Rose 
tribe.    I  will  not  part  with  the  females  of  these  tribes  at  present." 

Mr.  Clay's  importations  to  Kentucky.— In 

1S8G  and  1887  Mr.  H.  Ckiy  Jr.,  Fayette  Co.,  Ky  , 
imported  eleven  head  of  Short-horns,  including 
the  hulls  Lord  Althorpe  658  and  Neptune  743 
and  cows  Britannia  (roan),  Victoria  (white)  by 
Osgodley,  and  Crocus  (red-and-white),  by  Impe- 
rial (21^1).    The  pedin;reos  of  some  of  these 
cattle  were  imperfect  or  missing  entirely.    In 
1838,  in  connection  with  Gen.  James  Shelby 
Mr.  Clay  made  a  further  importation,  consisting 
ot  twelve  head,  including  the  bulls  Cossack,  alias 
Juhus  Caesar  (3508),  Don  John  426,  and  cows 
Jane,  Dorcas,  Charity,  Nerissa,  Moss  Rose  by 
KchpsG,  Columbine,  Pet,  Vixen,  Princess  and 
Protectress.     The  l)ull  Cossack,  or  Juli us  Caesar 
ai30ve  mentioned,  was  a  roan,  In-ed  by  Mr  Top- 
liam,  sired  by  Cossack  (1880),  bred  by  Pjchard 


\ 


n  u 


%h 


216 


A    HISTORY    OF    SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


Booth  of  Studley,  dam  imp.  Moss  Rose  by 
Eclipse.  He  was  imported  as  a  calf,  was  after- 
ward sold  to  Benjamin  Warfield,  and  left  much 
good  stock.  At  a  sale  held  by  Mr.  Clay  at  Lex- 
ington in  the  fall  of  1839  eight  cows  and  heifers 
averaged  $420  each,  the  liighest  price  paid  be- 
ing $835  for  a  two-year-old. 

Dr.  Martin's  importation  of  1839, — Dr.  Sam- 
uel D.  Martin  of  Clark  Co.,  Ky.,  who  had  been 
breeding  Short-horns  for  some  years,  in  1839 
sent  an  order  to  Mr.  Paley  for  a  shipment  of 
cattle.  Mr.  Paley  had  assisted  in  the  selections 
made  for  the  Ohio  Co.  and  filled  this  order  by 
sending  out  nine  head,  including  the  cows 
Jessy  (roan  of  A.  L.  Maynard's  breeding),  by 
Plenipo  (4724);  Beauty  (red-roan),  by  Laurel 
(2188);  Leonida  (red),  by  Red  Simon  (2499); 
Rosalie  (red-and-white),  by  Cadet  (1770),  dam 
Leonida,  just  mentioned;  Sprightly  (red-and- 
white),  by  Fitz  Roslyn  (2026),  and  Jessamine 
(roan),  by  Leonidas  (4211)  out  of  imp.  Jessy, 
mentioned  above.  The  cow  Sprightly  gave 
birth  in  December,  1839,  to  a  pair  of  twin  bulls, 
afterward  recorded  as  Specie  (5289)  and  Specu- 
lation (5293),  both  bred  l)y  Mr.  Paley,  and  sired 
by  Mendoza  (4456).  Imp.  Beauty  produced  to 
an  English  service  the  red  bull  calf  Bullion 


R.   Hutchcraft's    importation. —  Reuben  H. 
Hutclb'Taftof  Bourbon  Co.,  Ivy.,  imported  seven 


DEVELOPMENT   OF   OHIO    VALLEY   HERDS.    217 

head  from  England  in  1839,  including  the  bulls 
Van  Buren  1062,  bred  by  Col.  Cradock  and 
sired  by  Magnum  Bonum  (2243)  and  the  year- 
ling Don  John  (3603).  The  females  included 
the  roan  yearling  heifer  Wild  Rose,  by  Chorister 
(33^8),  bred  by  Mr.  Watkin;  the  red  cow  Har- 
riet, by  Gainford  (2044),  and  the  Magnum  Bonum 
heifers  Fatima,  Beda  and  Blossom— all  of  Col 
Cradock's  breeding. 

Fayette   County  Importing   Co.— The   first 
"syndicate"  formed  in  Kentucky  for  the  pur- 
chase of  English  Short-horns  was  that  repre- 
sented by  the  Fayette  County  Importing  Co 
which  in  the  spring  of  1839,  sent  the  Rev.  U. 
1.  Dillai-d  and  Mr.  Nelson  Dudley  abroad  as 
agents.    They  bought  twenty-one  head  of  cows 
and  heifers  and  seven  bulls.     After  arrival  in 
Kentucky  the  cattle  were  placed  upon  the  farm 
ot  David  Sutton,  near  Lexington,  and  in  July, 
1S40,  were  sold  at  auction.     This  was  consid- 
ered a  very  superior  lot  and  included  such  fine 
l.u  Is  as  Eclipse  (9069)  and  Carcase  (3285),  of 
^  Wiley's  breeding.    Among  the  females  that 
jitterward  gave  rise  to  good  families  of  Short- 
horns were  Victoria,  by  Plenipo;  Fashion  (dam 
of  heifer  calf  Zelia,  by  Norfolk);  Lady  Eliza- 
iJeth,  by  Emperor;  Rosal)ella  2d,  by  Velocipede 
etc.    Indeed,  some  of  the  best  cattle  bred  in 
subsequent  years  in  Kentucky  and  the  West 
claimed  descent  from  this  selection,  and   on 


r ' 


'1 

pi^ 

Hi  i^ 

Ml'  ■ 

|ll 

11' 

218 


A    HISTORY    OF    SHORT-HORN    CATTLE. 


I 


this  account  we  append  herewith  report  of  the 
sale: 

cows  AND  HEIFEnS. 

■  Victoria,  roan,  calved  Augusf.,  1835;  bred  by  J.  E.  Maynard, 

sired  by  Plenipo  (4724)— K.  Fisher $1,750 

Miss  Maynard,  roan,  calved  1837,  bought  of  A.  L.  Maynard, 

sired  by  Chorister  (3378)— A.  McCluie 1,()05 

Avarilda,  white,  calved  April,  184G;  bred  by  W.  F.  Paley, 

sired  by  Norfolk  (2377)— John  Allen ". 920 

Fashion,  roan,  calved  April,  1832;  bred  by  W.  Cooper,  sired 
by  Young  Don  Juan  (3610),  and  red-and-white  heifer  calf 
Znlia,  by  Norfolk  (2377)— F.  W.  Williams 885 

Miss  Luck,  roan,  calved  May  25,  1834;  bought  of  Mr.  Whit- 

aker,  oired  by  Allison's  Roan  Bull  (2999)— H.  Clay  Jr . . . .      800 

Nancy,  wbitQ,  calved  Jan.  1,  1837;  sired  by  Reformer  (2510) 

— C.  J.  Rogers 730 

Tulip,  roan,  calved  1830,  bred  by  Mr.  Crofton,  sired  by  Bach- 
elor (ICGO)— A.  McClure 700 

Beauty,  roan,  calved  March,  1834;  bought  of  A.  L.  Maynard, 

sired  by  Belvedere  (1700)— H.  Clay  Jr 700 

Lady  Elizabeth,*  roan,  calved  Feb.  4. 1838 ;  bred  by  Mr.  Crof- 
ton, sired  by  Emperor  (1974)— H.  Clay  Jr 660 

Splendor,  roan,  calved  March,  1834;  bred  by  Mr.  Cattley, 

sired  bj  Bedford  Jr.  (1701 )  — B.  Gratz 650 

Elizabeth,  roan,  calved  October,  1832;  bred  by  J.  E.  May- 
nard, sired  by  Plenipo  (4724)  —A.  McClure 505 

Rosabella  2d,  roan,  calved  January,  1839;  bought  of  Mr. 
Whitaker;  sired  by  Velocipede  (5552),  running  to  Col- 
ling's  Golden  Pippin— W.  A.  V/arner 465 

Flora,  calf  of  imp.  Beauty— H.  Clay 410 

Lily,  white,  calved  1834 ;  bred  by  L.  Severs,  sired  by  Count 

(3506)— T.  Calmes ,      390 

Britannia,  roan,  calved  February,  1838;  bred  by  Mr.  Crof- 
ton ,  sired  by  Emperor  (1974) ,  and  heifer  calf  Dido— II.  T. 
Duncan 375 

Isabella,  white,  c;ilved  Oct.  14,  1839 ;  bred  by  T.  Crofton, 

sired  by  Melmoth  (2291)— R.  Fisher,  Boyle  County im 

*  Lady  EUzabeih  was  an  exceedingly  well-bred  cow  and  proved  the 
anceatrcus  oi:  0110  of  tlie  beat  faniillos  of  Short-liorim  ever  bred  In  the  West- 
ern States.  The  br  inch  known  us  the  Nelly  lilys,  In  th.'  Ivinds  of  Mr.  J.  H. 
Spoars  of  Illinois  aiid  others,  acquired  national  reputation  for  their  uniform 
high  excolliu'  >■. 


DEVELOPMENT   OF   OHIO   VALLEY   HERDS. 


'J19 


726 


610 
610 


350 
315 


Jessica  roan,  calved  Feb.  22,  ^S39;  bought  of  Mr  M-ivnarH 

-H:;s^r,^;:e^-~"-^      - 

Duke  (1985)-W.  T.  Calmes  °""  ^'''''*^  ^^ 

270 

BULLS. 

Eclipse  (9069),  calved  April  26,  1837;   bred  by  Mr   Arrow 

smith;  s-red  by  Velocipede  (5552  -R.  FisLr  \,  nm 

Carcase  (3285).  red-and-  vhite,  calved  July,  iss/  hred  bvS      ' 
^itr'  ''  ^''''--'   n704,-^Benja.irGrLt 

""^Z'tZTsZX  ^-;^;i«39:bred  by  Mr!  Whita: 
litr,  sirea  by  bir  Thomas  Fairfax  r5l<)fii     p  t^^^i 

^olus  200,  roan,  calved  April,  1S36;  bred  t^Mr^^j^t/ 
son,  sired  by  Harlsey  (2001)-R.  Fisher  ""^^'-^"d- 

Princc  Albert  2065,  roan,  calved  May  25,  1840;  bred"by  j'  a' 
Maynurd;  sired  by  Carcase  (3285)  out  of  imp  vfcJorTa 
by  Plenipo-J.  Flournoy  ^    victoria 

Bruce  289,  bull  calf  from  imp.'  A varllda~M  "  Williams .1 . 

M.  ton  713,  naif  o.  nap.  Miss  Maynard-JameY Gatnes S5 

lit  females  sold  for  «iooin.  .,  „  

7  bulls  sold  for      sil,:  '^'  °* ^^''-^ 

20 animals  sold  for ifi'?'-'  '"°  ^^«^^^«  «f SG3.5i5 

auiu  lor i6,i5o ;  an  average  of C:IU^ 

From  the  above  It  appears   that    Fayette 

uTm     ^^V  ^""^  "'*-'''*  ''^="^'  '^^'"■''O".  Scott 
an    Mercer  Counties  five  each  and  Jessamine 

w!    ,  ^  r'l-    ?"  ''""  °^  ^^^  ^"'^  tl«^t  this  sale 

Ip  „  during  a  period  of  declining;  values 

te  prices  obtained  were  excellent  and  den- 

oTttlaf  '""•='  '''  *"^  ^^^"^-'^^  ^--^- 
Importations  into  Tennessee.- The  -reat 
interest  manifested  in  8hort-horn  breedingh 
Iven  ucky  extended  at  an  early  date  into  the 
neighbodng  State  of  Tennessee^  and  a  f ew  clt- 
tle  were  imported  into  that  State  prior  to  1840. 


,1       '  X 


Im, 


i'  i 


ill     •, 


220        A   HISTORY    OF    SHORT-HORN    CATTLE. 

Unfortunately  no  exact  data  exist  in  reference 
^o  these  selections.     It  is  known  that  in  1837 
Messrs.  Gordon  &  Bradford  of  Nashville  im- 
ported the  cow   Hibernia,    recorded    m   Vol. 
XXIV  of  the  American  Herd  Book.    She  was 
white  with  red  markings,  said  to  have  been 
bred  in  Ireland,  and  was  sold  soon  after  im- 
portation to  the  Shakers  of  Sonth  Union,  Ivy. 
About  the  same  date  Mr.  Harvey  Hill  c.  New 
Orleans  imported  and  sent  to  his  farm  m  Ten- 
nessee the  roan  heifers  Gentle,  by  Cupid  (7941), 
Lady  Littleton  (white),  by  llannnculus  (2479), 
and  Mild  Spring,  that  were  sold  to  Mark  11. 
Cockrill  of  Nashville.    Messrs.  Shelby  &  Wil- 
liams of  Nashville  imported  the  heifers  Agnes 
and  Buttercup  (the  former  calved  in  1835  and 
the  latter  in  1836)  and  the  bulls  Champion  and 
Cassius.    These  latter  were  without  pedigrees 
so  far  as  the  records  show. 

Mr.  B.  Letton  imported  in  1840  'uto  Ten- 
nessee the  young  cows  Beauty,  Spot  and  Cow- 
slip. Beauty  calved  the  white  Aqua,  and  Spot 
thered-and-white  Neptune  at  sea.  An  un- 
named roan  and  a  rod-and-white  heifer  were 
included  in  this  same  shipment.  All  were 
without  herd-book  record.  Some  five  years 
previous  a.  Mr.  Murdock  had  imported  the  red- 
and-white  Bella,  by  Silkworm  (5129),  and  cow 
Rebecca-bred  by  Sir  John  Kennedy-together 
with  the  bulls  Murdock  and  Silkworm-both 


DEVELOPMENT   OP   Omo  VALLEY   HERDS.    221 

roiins.    Bella  was  pedigreed  and  passed  into 
the  jiossession  of  M.  I{.  C'ockrill 

William  Neff's  importation.-In  June,  1838, 
U.lluun  Neff,  a  public-spirited  and  wealthy 
,','lo"ohfo7h"  "■'''""'*''  '"  Cincinnati,  imported 

^.1  (1704),  Catherine,  by  Easttliorpe  (1047) • 
.Strawl,erry  of  Bootli  blood),  by  Ambo    1636  •' 

I'i'ff  ;;;  ^:T  ^""'''"  ^''^'''  ancinnatus  and 
To  r  7^^     '■'""'  "'^''  """^  ^^^  '''tter  white. 

0  this  list  as  given  by  Mr.  Warfield,  Judge 
Jones  adds  the  roan  heifer  Lady  Anne  by  Mas-! 
nmii  Bonum  (2243),  and  states'ihat  iie  was! 
gieat  dairy  cow,  giving  thirty-two  quarts  of 
■m  k  per  day  for  two  months'^  in  suTces   on 

the  loan  bull  Berryman  (3143),  but  Mr.  War- 
he  is  authority  for  the  statement  that  Lady 
An  le  and  Berryman  were  imported  by  Mr  Jo- 

Utes  that  Lawrence  also  imported  in  1838  the 
SL    "•  ''°''*""^'  '""''■■'''''  EmP'-e-  and 

uel  Wa  t  imported,  via  New  Orleans,  Duchess 
^'Sudley  Royal  (5342);  Rosebud,  bred  by  John 
Boo  li  of  Killerby,  sired  by  Harls;y  (2091^  LOy 

;«'n/^,''^  ^""^   Feversham;  Velocipede 
1I"-A  Cleveland  (3405)  and   Liverpool.     Mr 


> 


■(     I 


"111 


m 


1 

•» 

m 


1 

1 

''J 

^\ 

aL 

222        A   HISTORY   OF   SHORT- HORN   CATTLE. 

Warfif '  ;  l,  !i-s  that  these  cattle  were  sold  t) 
Messrs.  Shirley  &  Birdi  of  Louisville,  Ky.  In 
1840  Mr.  Wait  made  another  importation,  con- 
sisting of  the  two  bulls.  Macadam  1814  and 
Anty  (3021),  and  ev.rht  rows,  Ellen  Leiig,  l.y 
Beaumont  (3115);  Hebe,  by  a  son  of  Higli- 
flyer  (2122);  Victoria  (or  White  Rose),  by 
Matchem  4th;  Pink,  by  Belvedere  2d  (3127); 
Flora,  by  Imperial  (2151);  Splendour,  bred  by 
Mr.  Cattley  and  sired  by  Symmetry  (272o), 
and  Daisy,  by  Barnaby  (1078).  It  is  said  that 
most  of  these  cows  were  imported  for  Mr.  S. 
Bradford  of  Tennessee.  Splendour  is  said  to 
have  been  sold  to  Mr.  E.  P.  Prentice  of  New 
York  in  1839.  Daisy  passed  into  the  possession 
of  the  Shakers  of  Kentucky.  Messrs.  Wait  & 
Bagg  also  imported  about  this  same  time  tlie 
roan  bull  Albion  (2971),  bred  by  R.  Lawson  and 
sired  by  Charles  (3343).  The  pe<ligrees  of  some 
of  these  cattle  seem  to  have  been  perfect  and 
others  were  not.  Mr.  Warfield  says:  "  So  many 
errors  and  blunders  have  been  found  in  the  ped- 
igrees of  the  cattle  imported  by  S.  Wait  that  it 
is  deemed  necessary  to  state  that  they  should 
be  examined  with  gieat  care." 

In  1837  the  bull  Grosvenor  (3946),  tracing  to 
a  Booth  foundation,  was  imported  for  Mr.  Mi- 
chael Boyne,  and  the  1  uU  Sovereign  995,  v  ith 
heifer  Strawberry,  by  Magnum  Bonum,  for 
Messrs.  R.  Jackson  and  John  Hodgson;  presum- 


DKVELOPMENT   OF   OHIO   VAU.EV    HEKDs.    223 

Mym  connection  with  the  Ohio  Co.'s  opera- 

ALout  1840  Me.s™.  Joel  Higgins  and  Calvin 
t.  Morgan  imported  i„to  Fayette  Co.,  Ky   five 

m  ■>!,?/  "';'^'  ''""'  ''y  P""''e  Eugene 
(2fi4„)  IJennetta,  by  Red  Pnnoe  (24Sm.  Ele- 
anor  by  Broi^hnm  (1746),  and   Princess  (or 

inirtl'iKe':,  ''''''■• ''' '-'  ^-  -- 

lie  jears  l&jy  and  184]  James  Lett<,n  of  Bour- 
bon Co.,  Ky   imported  .several  females  and  two 

l^k  oneof  t he  latter  being  Locomotive"  24! 
I)iel  by  Ml.  Bates  and  sired  by  Duke  of  North 
u,nh,.rla„d  (1940,  out  of  the  Lford  PrfZl 
wTliin,  t^r^ri^"""'  "  '•^"-'"■"ther  to  Duke  of 

a^  ian^ll" *"'  "'''  "'^  f***""  importaiion 
as  ftaviiig  been  made  in   830     The  AI'  ^tnv  -.,/ 

-.to  be  corre<.t.^>    For  Locomof  ive  fhe  «um  of 

•»•)  li.'  .iMom,,,.,,,  ,„  „    .  I,,,,,      °,;'   J^  E  'h™<.f  Liverpool  for  lOOBiUn. 


I 


224      A  uiaTouY  of  .short- horn  cattle. 

$1,225  was  paid  in  England.  He  became  the 
property  of  W.  T.  Calmes  of  Fayette  Co.,  Ky., 
upon  whose  farm  he  died.  Among  the  cows 
imported  by  Mr.  Letton  was  the  red-roan 
lanthe,  by  Barforth  (3085),  that  gave  rise  to  a 
numerous  family.  Another  that  had  many  de- 
scendants was  Miss  ISevers,  by  iieformer  (2510). 


&  :',-  :     1.;  ,".■.     J 


CHAPTER    IX. 


EASTERN  IMPORTATIONS- 1830  TO  1850. 

While  the  farmers  and  stock -^n-owers  of  the 
Ohio  Valley  States  were  making  substantial 
progress  in  the  improvement  of  their  herds,  as 
noted  in  the  preceding  chapter,  large  infusions 
of  fresh  blood  from  England  were  introduced 
mto  New  York  and  Pennsylvania.  The  more 
nnportant  importations  made  into  these  and 
adjacent  States,  contemporaneous  with  and 
following  the  important  operations  of  Colonel 
Powel  already  mentioned,  will  now  be  noted 

New  York  importations.  Mr.  Wm.  Jackson 
nnported  into  New  York  between  the  years 
1833  and  1840  the  roan  cows  Duchess,  by  Ebor 
(^1)6);  Rose,  by  Skipton,  and  Miss  Scotson  The 
former  was  sold  to  Messrs.  Wasson  &  Shropshire 
and  Rose  to  N.  L.  Lindseyof  Kentucky.  The 
latter  had  numerous  descendants,  among  which 
were  many  excellent  cattle,  but,  as  her  sire 
was  not  pedigreed,  these  shared  more  or  less  in 
the  discredit  that  was  cast  in  later  years  upon 
cattle  tracing  to  animals  having  such  defects 
in  their  lineage.  Jackson  also  imported  the 
bulls  Magnet  and  Dimples  421,  the  latter  being 

^^  (285) 


.•-iUGV'5"'\ 


'    fin 

li!) 

'1 

If     ;         ' 

■'   ! 


22()        A    HISTORY   OF   SlIORT-HOUN   CATTLE. 

taken    by  Mr.  Brent  to  Bourbon  Co.,  Ky.,  in 
1835. 

Around  1S84  to  1S36  Thomas  Weddle  im- 
ported about  fifteen  head  of  Short-horns,  most 
of  which  were  females.  Some  of  these  were 
pedigreed  and  some  were  not.  Among  the  ped- 
igreed cows  were  Daisy  and  Crocus,  both  by 
P  omul  us  (2563);  Primrose,  by  Pioneer  (1321), 
and  Buttercup,  by  Sir  Walter  (1459).  Primrose 
was  bought  at  Mr.  Weddle's  sale  of  1838  by 
Clen.  James  Dudley  of  Fayette  Co.,  Ky.  The 
roan  bull  Charles  (iSK)),  bred  by  the  P]arl  of 
Carlisle  and  sired  })y  Kockingham  (2550)  of  the 
Weddle  importation,  was  taken  to  Kentucky 
the  same  year  by  Gen.  Dudley.  Allen  states 
that  Mr.  Weddle  was  an  Englishman,  who  had 
emigrated  from  Yorkshire  into  Western  New 
York  and  brought  these  cattle  with  him.  He 
states  that  they  were  all  well-bred  Short-horns, 
chiefly  from  the  well-known  herd  of  Major 
Bower. 

In  1835  Samuel  Allen  is  said  to  have  imported 
into  New  York  the  roan  cow  Rachel  of  lAlr. 
Whitaker's  breeding  on  the  same  ship  that 
brought  out  one  of  the  Ohio  Co.'s  importations. 
Although  her  pedigree  was  mislaid  she  was 
guai-anteed  a  purely-bred  Short-horn  and  gave 
(when  in  full  flow  of  milk  on  pasture)  tw^enty- 
eight  quarts  per  day.  Mr.  Allen  also  l)roupfht  out 
at  same  time  the  roan  cow  Miss  Lawrence,  said 


to  ha 

ley, 

to  hai 

iMigla: 

iii'riva' 

I'ieh  m 

ill  183 

third  c 

Miss  M 

F.  Alle 

She  Mi 

Mr.  All 

pounds 

In  18 

H.  New 

ported 

The  iiei 

Dione,  I 

sire.    A 

County 

Mr.  May 

heifers, 

vinia  an 

for  sevei 

"f  them 

niaindei- 

tlispersed 

^iihlished 

country  i 

Hudson  '. 


EASTERN   IMPORTATIONS.  227 

to  have  been  bred  by  Richard  Booth  at  St nrl 
ey.    Her  pedigree  was  also  lost,  but  she  is   aid 
to  have  been  a  iirize-winnpr  p«  .  i 

l^^^ngland  before 'being  Zned  JTV'V'' 
•MTivnl  1-,^    A        .  "^'"to  snipped,  and  after  her 

^'V  n  ^'^,^''''"^  gave  thirty-four  quarts  nf 
rich  milk  perday  on  m-assalnno  ou  ^"^^^^  of 
in  1S89  to  TSr   P    i^  1 1  ?  ^-     *^^®  ^^^^  sold 

She  was  also  an  exrpllpnf  .^-n  ^^'^''^*  ^ooiv. 
)[>■.  Allen  «tates/for  we"k  „  s  n'''  ?'''^"  """«• 
r"".Kl,s  of  butter  per  week  '''°"*^''^'^ 

HNeSfi'^f '?■•''•""■?'  V«™y-'d  Thomas 

sie     About  itjqft  o  i      .    "'^'"}'''>ythesame 
1I-.    jiDout  i«d()  Peter  A.  }  eiusen  nt  o^ 

County  imported  the  red  bnl    a?"  ^  ^fenesee 

Mr.Maynard's  breecUnln         ^'"'^ander  4,  of 

vniia  and  White  Rn«»  u  V  V  **^'''  ^='- 
f'"'  several  ye  ,  andifte  .  '■"^.^™™  "'<^«« 
"f  them  in  New  Yo  I-  '  T""^  "^  ^^"'"« 
'>""">'<'.-toMarWan     ;.      "7,"^  '''*  "'«  '•<=- 

'"'>li«l.ecl  a  Slnn-t-horn  1  er  t    Ll""  '" 
foinitry  residenee  i,.   n     ,         „     '^  ^'''''™  "nd 

^""61.      He  started  with  cattle  de- 


li. 


"If 

pr 

i 

1  i 

i 

I 

228   A  HISTORY  OF  SHORT-HORN  CATTLE. 

scended  from  the  early  New  England  importa- 
tions. To  these  he  added,  soon  after  1840,  the 
cows  Phoebe  1st,  Dahlia  1st  and  Beauty  1st,  but 
the  pedigrees  of  these  are  imperfectly  stated. 
He  subsequently  imported  the  roan  cow  Ser- 
aphina,  by  Wharfdale  (1578),  and  the  red-and- 
white  bull  Duke  of  Exeter  449— the  latter  bred 
by  J.  Stephenson  of  Wolviston.  This  bull  is 
said  to  have  proved  a  capital  sire.  He  is  de- 
scribed as  an  animal  possessing  remarkal)ie 
quality  and  subsequently  passed  into  the  pos- 
session of  Lewis  F.  Allen.  Mr.  Sheaffe  bred 
cattle  until  Aug.  29,  1850,  when  his  herd  was 
dispersed  at  public  sale.  Between  the  years 
1840  and  1843  James  Lenox  of  New  York,  wiio 
owned  a  line  country  seat  adjoining  that  of 
Mr.  Sheaffe,  imported  three  cows  and  two  bulls, 
including  Daffodil,  Red  Lady  and  Gayly,  and 
the  bulls  Prince  Albert  133  and  King  Charles 
2d  84  —  bred  by  Jonas  Whitaker.  The  two 
bulls  and  one  of  the  females  were  sired  by  the 
noted  Sir  Thomas  Fairfax  (5196).  Between 
the  years  1835  and  1841  Mr.  E.  P.  Prentice  of 
Albany  imported  eight  or  ten  head  of  Short- 
horns, which  were  placed  upon  his  villa  farm 
near  that  city.  He  had  founded  his  herd  with 
stock  bought  from  the  early  importations  of 
General  Van  Rensselaer  already  mentioned. 
Among  the  females  imi>orted  were  several  from 
the  herd  of  Mr.  WhitaKer,  including  Esterville, 


by 
He 


EASTERN   IMPORTATIONS. 


229 


by  Alfred  (2987),  and  Moss  Rose,  by  Barden 
He  maintained  tlie  herd  until  1850,  when  it 
was  dispersed  at  public  sale. 

In  1836  Erastus  Corning  of  Albany,  in  connec- 
tion with  Mr.  W.  H.  Sothani,  who  later  be- 
came an  active  advocate  of  Herefords,  made 
an  importation   consisting  of    seven   females 
and  three  bulls.     One  of  the  cows,  the  roan 
A^ilddame   by  Anthony  (1640),  proved  a  very 
successful  breeder,  and  left  many  descendant, 
whose  pedigrees  may  be  found  in  tlie  American 
Herd  Book.     She  was  from  the  stock  oi  ¥    W 
Lovell,  from  whose  herd  Mr.  Corning  -us.   ob- 
tained the  heifers  Mary,  M^.Lel,  Ch-- v    Pet 
Cleopatra   and   Venus.     The    bulls   Columbus 
oS69  ,  also  from  Mr.  Lovell's  herd,  and  Ashley 
AK    iTc!"^  "inserted  along  with  the.e  heifers. 
About  1846  a  Mr.  Oliver  of  Westchester  County 
imported  the  bull  Marius  684,  a  roan,  bred  by 

fnr  f^^T'J''"''^  ^^^^'^*^  '*^^*»^-  He  was  sold 
to  CokL.G.  Morris,  who  exhibited  him  at  the 

New  York  State  Fair  at  Buffalo  in  1848,  at 
which  show  he  was  sold  to  David  Harrold  of 
.^outh  Charleston,  0.,  in  which  State  he  did  ex- 
cellent service  for  some  years. 

Vail's  purchases  of  Bates  cattle.- Some- 
where about  the  year  1885  Mr.  George  Vail  of 
iroy,  JN^ew  lork,  became  enamored  of  Short- 
horn In-eoding  and  established  a  herd  at  his 
country  .seat  near  that  city.    Between  the  years 


mmmr 


2^0   A  HISTORY  OF  SHORT-HORN  CATTLE. 

1839  and  1844  be  imported,  in  connection  with 
Mr.  S.  P.  Chcipinan,  about  fifteen  head  of  cat- 
tle. In  1840  he  bought  from  Thomas  Bates, 
through  Mr.  Etches  of  Liverpool,  the  roan  bull 
calf  Duke  of  Wellington  (3654),  that  was  sired 
by  the  Duchess  bull  Short  Tail  (2621)  and  had 
for  dam  the  noted  Oxford  Premium  Cow,  win- 
ner at  the  first  show  ever  held  by  the  Royal 
Agricultural  Society  of  Engh:.id.  This  purchase 
constituted  the  earliest  importation  of  the 
Duchess  and  Oxford  blood  into  this  country.='= 
Mr.  Vail  also  bought  from  Mr.  Bates  a  cow 
called  Duchess,  although  not  belonging  to  the 
family  of  that  name.  She  was  a  white  daugh- 
ter of  Duke  of  Northumberland  (1940)  out  of 
Nonesuch  2d  by  Belvedere  (1706).  This  cow- 
produced  the  two  bulls  Meteor  104  and  Sym- 
metry 166,  l)oth  by  Dnke  of  Wellingtou,  l)ut 
died  without  leaving  female  progeny.  Mr.  Vail 
showed  a  marked  pjirtiality  for  Bates  b'ood  and 
subsequently  imported  the  red  heifer  Lady  Bar- 
rington  3d,  ])red  by  Mr.  Bates  from  Cleveland 
Lad  (3407)  out  of  Lady  Barrington  2d  by  Bel- 
vedere ( 1 706).  F rom  Messrs.  Tho mas  an d  K ol )- 
ert  Bell,  tenants  of  Mr.  Bjites.  he  obtained  the 

» It  may  be  of  some  interest  to  stato  that  from  an  entry  in  the  Klrklev- 
Ingtoa  accounts,  bcarinf?  dati>  of  .IiincH.  1S40.  It  ai)pci'rH  that  Mr  Vail  paid 
for  Dnke  of  WelliuKton  and  Dnchess  tli(^  snin  of  £.'110.  It  appear.s  from  a 
letter  wriltDi  by  Mr.  liatefi  to  Mr.  Vail  in  1S4;;  Hiat  1(10  jrulneas  each  v.-as  be- 
Inar  asked  for  such  cattle  as  Bates  was  willing  to  spare.  In  this  same  l(>tter 
l!;itesadds.  '•  Tlie  tribes  of  really  pood  Shorl-horns  are  very  few.  I  luive 
tried  myself  above  two  lumdri>d  varieties.  Out  of  these  I  have  but  six 
tribes  wlilch  I  ilo  not  mean  lo  part  with." 


EASTERN    IMPORTATIONS. 


231 


roan  Hilpa,  by  Cleveland  Lad  (3407);  the  roan 
Yarm  Lass,  by  4tli  Duke  of  York  (10167);  the 
red-and-white  Cecilia,  by  3d  Duke  of  Northum- 
berland; the  roan  Agate,  by  3d  Duke  of  York 
(101()6),  running  on  the  dam's  side  to  Acomb 
l)y  Belvedere;  the  red-and-white  Arabella,  also 
an  Acomb,  sired  by  4th  Duke  of  Northumber- 
land (3649);  the  roan  Frantic,  by  4th  Duke  of 
York  (10167);  Boukie  (red -roan),  by  4th  D-ke 
of  York,  tracing  on  dam's  side  to  Craggs,  a  cow 
obtained  by  Messrs.  Bell  from  Mr.  Bates;  and 
tne  roan  bull  Earl  Derby  456,  by  5th  Duke  of 
York  (10168)  out  of  Lady  Barrington  4+h. 

^  Prior  to  Mr.  Vail's  purchases  of  Bates-bred 
Short-horns  about  the  only  specimens  of  Kirk- 
levington  breeding  seen  in  the  United  States, 
had  been  the  few  brought  out  during  the  course 
of  the  Ohio  Co.'s  importations.  Mr.  Vail  was 
an  enthusiast  in  Short-horn  })reeding  and  ex- 
hibited with  success  at  the  York  State  shows  of 
that  period. -^^    He  made  an  effort  to  be  present 

'Writinff  to  Mr,  Bates  in  1847  Mr.  Vail  said;    -  I  sent  my  bull  Meteor  to 
he  Hhow  , or  exMWtion  only  at  the  rec;uest  of  son.e  Mends,  as  he  had  taker" 
ho  hrst  premi.nn  for  tlie  hesl  Durham  bull  In  ISU,  as  well  as  the  first  miz 
or  hull  of  any  breed.    Th.  bull  Marius,  bred  by  Earl  Spencer  justly   ook 

nvst  prenuum  t„  Durluun  bulls.    The  judges  In  their  rovonouTs'^Z 
The  ju.tly  celebrated  bull  Meteor,  belonging  to  Mr.  George  Val  was  on 
he  ground  fo.  ..xhibitlon  only,  beln^  exeluded  fro.n  eon.peUn^    tp^iem 

Z^^^^T      ^'^'^T''- I-m.OBetherewero30.rK»'"rro,^ 

X  Pre' de  ts  nf'  he  n  'T:!'''""  ^'  ""^  ^'^'  ""'"  '  *'"  ^•'"'"t^'-V  ''"^1  two 
.xFrtsldcntsof  ,  he  Tt:.. ted  Slates.  •  .  .  Mr.  A.  B.  All,. n  of  New  York 
yho„,  you  know,  i.     „„tlnually  „r.,r;njr  me  to  pet  a  young  Duchess  buU 

;:;e""-  .    TTI  """".  "'""""  ""''^^  •"•---tdarenotlenturrtLei 
Mist.  Meteor  mm  some  respects  a  finer  animal  than  W.mni-tfm 

".■  >s  uetter  in  the  hind  quarters  and  a.ross  th.  hlns.    Weiliitou  hae  n^t 


9  w^B  fii'^  ^'^> 

wr 

''i'AI 


232    A  HISTORY  OF  SHORT-HORN  CATTLE. 

at  the  closing-out  sale  of  the  Bates  herd  in  Eng- 
land, but  the  event  occurred  at  an  earlier  date 
than  he  had  anticipated,  so  that  he  did  not  ar- 
rive until  the  sale  was  o\'er.  He  had  mean- 
time bought  the  herd  of  Mr.  Prentice,  but  soon 
afteiward  gave  up  breeding;  his  herd  being  sold 
in  October,  1852. 

Whitaker's  shipments  to  America.— Un- 
doubtedly the  most  active  man  in  England  in 
connection  with  shipments  to  America  during 
the  period  from  1820  to  1840  was  Jonas  Whit- 
aker.  He  bad  not  only  sold  quite  a  number  of 
cattle  to  the  early  New  York  and  Massachusetts 
importers  as  already  detailed,  but  had  supplied 
Col.  Powel  of  Philadelphia  -/ith  many  first-class 
cattle.  He  had  also  been  largely  instrumental 
in  the  selection  of  the  importations  made  by 
the  Ohio  Co.  and  its  individual  members.  Im- 
pelled by  the  high  prices  made  at  the  Ohio  Co.'s 
sales  Mr.  Whitaker  determined  to  try  the  ex- 
periment of  exporting  Short-horns  to  America 
to  be  offered  for  sale  on  his  own  account.  The 
first  shipment  was  made  in  August,  1837,  the 
cattle  being  placed  upon  the  farm  of  Col.  Powel. 
This  lot  consisted  of  fifteen  bulls  and  nineteen 
cows  and  heifers.    Whitaker  was  always  a  good 

a  broad  hip  and  Is  rather  thin  across  the  twist.  His  fore  end  cannot  ho, 
beat.  He  is  a  superior  handler,  as  is  also  Meteor.  The  latter  weighs  2.21K) 
lbs.  and  WelUnfrton  will  weig-h  nearly  1.9U0  lbs.  Meteor  would  take  high 
rank  even  in. vonr  country.  ♦  »  *  Our  county  show  took  place  last  week 
and  was  the  best  well!)  ve  had.  I  was  eniially  successful  In  winning  pre- 
mluuis  liero  as  at  the  Stale  show.    Ililpa  look  the  first  prize." 


EASTERN    IMPORTATIONS. 


233 


'keeper,"  and  these  aninmls  were  forwarded  in 
good  condition;  and  as  they  were  well  bred  and 
their  coming  had  been  widely  advertised  they 
attracted  much  attention,  and  when  offered  at 
auction  drew  the  presence  of  a  great  attend- 
ance not  only  from  the  States  of  New  York  and 
Pennsylvania  but  from  the  then  distant  cattle- 
breeding  districts  of  Ohio  and  Kentucky.  The 
sale  occurred  at  Powelton  in  September,  1837, 
the  bulls  averaging  $353,  the  cows  1480,  and 
the  total  sales  aggregating  $14,215.  Among 
those  sold  upon  this  occasion  were  the  follow- 
ing: 

ClarksviUe,  by  Lottery   (2237),  a  roan   two-year-old   heifer 
bought  by  Mr.  Neff  for  #630  and  subsequently  sold  to  John  Hadlev 
of  Chnton  Co.,  O.,  in  which  State  she  gave  rise  to  a  considerable 
family. 

Young  Isabella,  a  red-and-white  cow,  bred  by  Richard  Booth 
sired  by  Memnon  (2295)  out  of  the  celebrated  Isabella  by  Pilot' 
She  was  bought  by  C.  J.  Wolbert  of  Philadelphia  for  )f!405. 

Profitable,  roan,  two-year-old  heifer,  sired  by  Youncr  Ebor 
(3682),  sold  to  Mr.  Neff  of  Cincinnati  for  $550. 

Ruth,  red-and-white  six-year-old,  bred  by  Richard  Booth  and 
belonging  to  the  old  KiUerby  Moss  Rose  family,  also  sold  to  Mr 
Neft  at  ^00. 

Beauty,*  red-and-white  four-year-old,  bred  by  Mr.  Tempest 
sired  by  De  Veaux  (191(i),  running  through  Bertram  (171(3)  and 
Frederick  (10(U))  to  Colling's  old  Bright  Eyes  sort.  This  cow  was 
hkewise  purchased  by  Mr.  Neff  at  1540. 

in/.^.Tl"""*  ^'''''"'^'  ^'''"^  •^*^'^'-'^"^'*^^  ^'le  ^roat  family  of  show  and  breed- 
he  ,1  n .'!  n'"."r  ■'  ^7«*'^^1'^«'"  ''fterwira  famous  In  Ohio  In  the  hands  of 
lie  late  Davl.l  Selsor.  from  whose  herd  many  splendkl  Individual  Sliort- 

hornsof  tl,at  tribe  were  sold  throughout  variouH  Western  States  There 
van  a  or,o  time  an  effort  nuide  to  dlsered  it  this  family  on  account  of  alleged 
nab.lity  to  trace  the  lineat-o  direct  to  imp.  T'eauty.    The  breeding  w^e 

r„"Mr''"S"f  *"  ^'  Mr.  J.  J.  Jones.  Who  hou.ht  the  cow  ProfiUWe  2a 
riom  Mr.  Neff.    See  reference  to  this  in  Brnder,  Gazette,  Sept.  14, 1882. 


nil 


i      i 


234 


A    IIISTOUY    OF    SHORT-HORN    CATTl.p:. 


Lucilla,  roan  four-year-old,  by  Edmund  (1954),  also  bought  by 
Mr.  Neff  and  resold  to  Benjamin  Scott  of  Kentucky. 

Brutus  31,  roan  yearling  bull,  bred  by  Whitaker,  bought  by 
Mr.  Neff  for  $n;JO. 

Bruce  (3233) ,  red  yearling  bull,  bred  by  Whitaker,  bought  by 
Mr.  Rotch  of  New  York  for  *.S«50. 

Miser  (2323),  white  yearling  bull,  bred  by  Whitaker,  bought  by 
Mr.  Cunningham  for  U70. 

While  tlieso  prices  were  not  altogether  sat- 
isfactory to  Mr.  Whitaker  he  sent  out  another 
considerable  shi[)inent  in  188S  or  1839  that  were 
also  sold  near  Philadelphia.  In  this  lot  wei'e 
twenty-two  cows  and  heifers  and  six  bulls. 
They  were  sold  at  sales  held  in  the  years  1838 
and  1839,  but  accurate  records  as  to  what  be- 
came of  many  of  the  cattle  have  not  been  pre- 
served. There  are  in  fact  few  descendants  of 
the  females  included  in  these  last  shipments  on 
record  in  this  country.  One  exception  to  this 
may  be  noted,  however,  in  the  case  of  the  roan 
Victoria,  by  Luck's  All  (2230),  r:  Mr.  Cattley's 
breeding,  that  was  bought  at  the  sale  by  Mr. 
George  Brinton  for  $520.  This  was  about  the 
highest  price  made  at  the  last  sales,  values  rang- 
ing sharply  downward  from  about  that  figure. 
The  depression  which  Avas  at  this  date  begin- 
ning to  settle  down  upon  American  industries 
militated  against  success  in  these  operations  of 
Mr.  Whitaker  and  he  made  no  further  ship- 
ments. 

Introduction  of  Princess  blood. — Mr.  Vail's 
importations  had  the  elt'ect  of  drawing  public 


EASTERN   IMPORTATIONS. 


285 


attention  to  the  herd  of  Mr.  Bates,  and  in  the 
year  1849  Mr.  Ambrose  Stevens  of  Batavia, 
.N.  Y.,  went  to  England  with  a  letter  of  intro- 
duction to  Bates  from  Vail  and  purchased  for 
importation  the  roan  bull  3d  Duke  of  Cam- 
Mge  (5941),  then  eight  years  old,  sired  by  the 
niike  ot  Northumberland  (1940)  out  of  Water- 
loo 2d  by  Belvedere.     This  bull  represented  a 
niiion  of  the  Duchess,  Princess  and  Waterloo 
tribes,  and  after  his  arrival  in  America  an  in- 
terest in  him  was  sold  to  Col.  J.  M.  Sherwood 
of  Auburn,  N.  Y.    Along  with  the  Duke  Mr 
Stevens  brought  out  from  the  herd  of  Mr  Ste- 
l-lienson  of  Wolviston  the  roan  yearling  heifers 
Princess  2d,  by  General  Sale  (8099),  and  Prin- 
cess 3d,  by  Napier  (G238),  together  with  Red 
Hose  2d,  a  red  four-year-old  cow  by  Napier 
Tlies^  were  the  first  representatives  of  the  tribe 
of  Belvedere  to  be  transferred  to  American 
soil.    Red  Rose  2d  was  sold  to  Col.  Sherwood 
Mie  was  a  capital  dairy  cow,  and  it  is  recorded 
that  ''she  made  forty-nine  pounds  of  butter  in 
twenty-five  consecutive  days  in  May  and  June 
ISol,  when  four  years  old  with  her  second  calf  " 
Mr.  Stevens  brought  out  in  1849,  as  a  calf,  the 
1  nncess  bull  Lord  Vane  Tempest  (10469)  and 
>ol'l  him  to  Col.  Sherwood. 

Ill  1850  Messrs.  Stevens  and  Sherwood  im- 
ported the  two-year-old  Princess  bull  Earl  of 
SealKun  (10181),  of  Stephenson\s  breeding,  that 


Ill; 


\r 


lilll 


11 


236   A  HISTORY  OF  SHORT-HORN  CATTLE. 

was  afterward  sold  to  Rev.  John  A.  Ciano,  Ken- 
tucky. Th(i  Earl  also  proved  a  successful  stock- 
getter.  Along  with  him  were  imported  the  cows 
Princess  4th,  by  Napier;  Waterloo  r)th  and  Wild 
Eyes  5th,  both  of  Bates  l)lood,  but  thoy  died 
without  issue.  The  red  Princess  bull  Wolvis- 
ton  1109  was  also  included  in  this  shipment, 
and  was  sold  after  importation  to  William  Ash- 
ton  of  Gait,  Can.  In  1851  Messrs.  Ste\  ens  and 
Sherwood  imi)orted  the  Princess  bull  calf  Earl 
Vane  (14488)  and  the  five-year-old  cow  Princess 
1st,  by  Napier.  The  following  year  the  I'oan 
Princess  heifer  Lady  Sale  2d,  by  P]arl  of  Chat- 
ham (10176),  and  the  roan  four-year-old  Prin- 
cess cow  Tuberose  2d,  by  Earl  of  Antriin 
(10174),  were  brought  out.  Red  Rose  2d,  Tnl)e- 
rose  2d  and  Lady  Sale  2d  became  the  matrons 
of  the  Princess  tribe  in  America,  and  in  later 
years  their  descendants  commanded  enormous 
prices  as  a  result  of  the  great  appreciation  in 
values  of  Bates-bred  Short-horns.  This  was  of 
course  due  to  the  fact  of  the  great  success  met 
with  by  Mr.  Bates  in  the  use  of  Belvedere. 

Miscellaneous  importations. — In  1835  Mr. 
Harmer  Denny  of  Pittsburg  imported  tlie  red 
and-wdiite  yearling  bull  Young  Buckingham 
(1758),  a  roan  two-year-old  heifer  and  her  sire, 
a  bull  called  A '-chitect;  the  two  laUer  not  being 
fully  pedigreed.  These  were  selected  in  Eng- 
land by  Rev.  John  A.  Robertson.     During  the 


EASTERN   IMPORTATrONS. 


287 


siune  year  R.  D.  8liepherd  of  Baltimore,  Md., 
imported  nine  r      h'       aid  six  bulls,  some  of 
which  were  witnuut  pedigrees.     Several  of  the 
fows,  including   l.ucrece,   Haidie  and  Diana, 
were  soh'    o  Hon.  Henry  Clay  and  taken  to  Ken- 
tucky,    in  1837  or  1838  William  Gibbons  of 
Madison,  N.  J.,  impoi-ted  the  roan  bnll  Majestic 
(2249),  bred  by  Mr.  Crofton,  the  roan  Arthur 
(3040)  and  the  whi^o  cow  Volaj.'re;  both  of  the 
latter  bred  by  Whu.  .;er.     in  Ls3S  Dr.  John  A. 
I'oole  of  Brunswick,  N.  J.,  impoi  h  d  the  white 
yearling  bull  Bernard  10,  descended  from  Mivr. 
(liilena,  by  Comet,  and  the  cows  Maria,  Fann"y 
and  Barmpton  Cow.    In  ].S3y  Joseph  Cope  of 
PfMinsylvania  bought  at  Kirklevington  the  roan 
bull  Yorkshireman  (5700),  bred  by  Bates  and  be- 
lo)  .-ing  to  his  Blanche  tribe:  paying  for  him 
soiij,ething  over  £100.     In  1839  Daniel  Holman 
imported  the  red-and-white  three-year-old  cow 
Jane,  bred  by  G.  L.  J:idley  and  sired  by  Young 
Ma-og  (2247).    We  should  also  note  the  ship- 
ment of  the  roan  cow  Violet,  by  Regent  (2517), 
along  with  the  bulls  Young  Rocket  (4979)  and 
Hiibens  (2573)  to  H.  Whitney  of  Connecticut 
about  1840.    Also  the  importation  by  William 
Whitney  of  Morristown,  N.  J.,  about  the  same 
date  of  the  +win  heifers  Cornelia  and  Harriet, 
by  Birmingham    (3152),  and   their  dam,  the' 
roan  Ringlet,  by  Belshazzar  (1704),  of  the  Earl 
of  Carlisle's  breeding. 


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CHAPTER    X. 


.  .1  ■ 

1 

;         ] 

'         [          I 

! 

1 

SECOND  PERIOD  OF  ACTIVITY  IN 
AMERICA. 

During  the  decade  from  1840  to  1850  a  pro- 
found depression  overtook  American  agricultu- 
ral industries.    The  outburst  of  activity  in  live- 
stock improvement  that  had  found  manifesta- 
tion in  the  new  West  during  the  "thirties"  in 
the  operations  of  the  first  Ohio  and  Kentucky 
importing  companies,  was  followed  by  ten  or 
twelve  years  of  declining  values  and  waning 
interest  in  all  things  agricultural.    Importa- 
tions ceased.     Discouraged  by  the  absence  of 
demand  for  good  cattle,  leading  breeders  reluc- 
tantly castrated  many  well-bred  young  bulls 
that  should  have  been  doing  service  in  the 
herds  of  the  farming  community.    Large  num- 
bers of  good  cows  and  heifers  were  fed  off  for 
the  shambles.    Pedigree  records  were  in  many 
cases  neglected.    In  this  way  many  descend- 
ants of  the  importations  already  noted  disap- 
peared from  view.    As  has  been  true,  however 
during  all  such  trying  times,  certain  men  who 
knew  that  history  never  fails  to  repeat  itself 
stood  steadfastly  by  the  "red,  white  and  roans," 

(238) 


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SECOND   PERIOD   OP  ACTIVITY.  239 

Soon  after  1850  the  clouds  that  had  settled 
over  the  industry  during  the  twelve  years  pre- 

dvZed'^'l  *°  '"''''■  '''^«  I"-«  «f  "^at^ 
^  ains  «n?  ^"?  -"P  °^  *°^«'S»  ^'^rkets  for 
cwusly  held  tiieir ground  in  cattle  breeding  dis- 
began  taking  steps  to  recruit  their  herds  un  to 

ist  in7"  r'"''^^''-    ^«  »«-  ente    „Z  a 
most  interesting  periou  -.f  Short-horn  history 

a  penod  characterized  by  remarkable  a  t  v^ 

w  tntKe  r'^'"'  '"'/"'^'^^  =^  P«™d  that 
witnessed  the  lounding  of  the  great  herds  at 

^Joodburn  and  Thorndale;    the  organization 
01,""""'.'^  '«P°'-t«g<=ompanies  in  KeZckv 

extisTon  ofTh'^r,''  '"t  '''''''  ^'^  »-S 
extension  of  Short-horn  breeding  into  Indiana 

Illinois  and  other  Western  States.  ' 

The  first  "Duke"  for  America-Mr  Loril- 

X  /To^f  ^'^  ^™*  ""P«ted  in  the  year 

o  Atr.nm  of ''^•^  ^""^^  Duchess  bull  Duke 
of  Athol  (10150),  that  had  been  sold  at  the  Kirk 

w£H  ~  ^^^^^^^^^^^^ 

-nsieltXSTci:---^^^^^^^ 


240 


A    HISTORY   OP   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


■fillli 


t 


lit  ■ 


.1.:.  .1:;       t 


3d  Duke  of  Oxford,  and  Jean,  by  Chevalier. 
He  bred  from  these  for  a  few  years  and  pos- 
sessed a  few  other  Short-horns  bought  from 
New  York  State  breeders.  He  maintained  the 
herd,  however,  but  a  short  time. 

Morris  and  Becar. — Col.  L.  G.  Morris  and 
Noel  J.  Becar  of  New  York  attended  the  dis- 
persion sale  of  the  herd  of  Thomas  Bates  in  May, 
1850,  as  reported  on  page  111,  and  after  looking 
over  the  cattle  determined  to  invest  in  the  Ox- 
ford blood.  Three  cows  and  heifers  of  the  fam- 
ily that  gave  Mr.  Bates  his  Liverpool  Royal 
Champion  Cleveland  Lad  fell  to  their  bidding, 
viz. :  The  roan  five-year-old  Oxford  5th,  by  Duke 
of  Northumberland;  the  red-and-white  year- 
ling Oxford  10th,  by  3d  Duke  of  York  (10166), 
and  her  full  sister,  the  roan  heifer  calf  Oxford 
13th.  Col.  Morris  took  the  cow  and  the  year- 
ling, and  Mr.  Becar  the  calf.  Subsequently  Col. 
Morris  bought  the  roan  cow  Beauty  of  Brawith 
(of  B.  Wilson's  breeding);  the  r  1-roan  Bloom, 
by  the  Booth-bred  Sir  Leonard  (10827),  and 
Romelia,  a  roan,  by  Flageolet  (8130).  He  also 
purchased  the  red-and-white  Bates-bred  Balco 
(9918),*  by  4th  Duke  of  York  (10167)  out  of 
Wild  Eyes  15th  by  4th  Duke  of  Northumber- 
land (3649),  the  first  of  that  tribe  to  come  to 
America;  Lord  of  Eryholme  (12205),  a  roan  of 


•  At  a  later  period  Balco  passed  Into  the  possession  of  Gen.  Sol  Meredith 
of  Cambridge  City,  InU. 


SECOND   PERIOD   OF   ACTIVITY. 


241 


nilon^''^''^'''^  '  breeding;  Marquis  of  Carrabas 
1^89),  a  roan,  bred  by  Fawkes  of  Farnley 
Hall,  and  the  l3ell-Bates  bull  Billy  Pitt  (<)967) 
'Hie  roan  Romeo  (13619),  bred  by  the  Marquis 
of  Exeter,  was  bought  on  joint  account,  and 
aftemard  proved  a  valuable  "outcross"  upon 
the  Oxfords. 

Mr.  Becar  was  a  Frenchman  who  had  emi- 
grated when  a  young  man  to  the  city  of  New 
York,  where  he  established  himself  as  a  mer- 
chant, which  occupation  he  for  many  years  suc- 
cessfully pursued.    He  married  an  American 
wife,  whose  family  held  large  possessions  of 
land  on  Long  Island.    He  imported  on  his  indi- 
vidual account  some  sixteen  head  of  cows  and 
heiters  between  the  years  1850  and  1854     la- 
c  iKled  among  these  were  the  Bates-bred  Oxford 
bth,  Lady  Barrington  12th  and  Apricot     The 
shipment  also  included  the  Secret  heifer  Sur- 
prise and  the  white  cow  Songstress,  the  first  of 
tlie  Gwynne  family  (closely  allied  to  the  Prin- 
cesses imported  to  America.     This  lot  also  in- 

romf  fi    !  '''''''  f^"^  ^'^'^'''  ^y  Harkaway 
0US4)  that  was  subsequently  sold  to  the  Hon 

John  Wentworth  of  Chicago,  111.     This  import 

tation  IS  notable  also  as  having  contai.ied  the 

firs  specimen  of  the  Mason  Victorias  brought 

0  tins  country-namely,  Victoria  26th,  bred  by 

uinf  "'''w  \'t"^^  ^^^^  ''''^  ^'y  *he  Booth 
I^ull  Baron  Warlaby  (7813).     Two  roan  heifers 


:.     ,. 


4 

ill  i' 


i     I 


242        A    HISTORY   OF    8H0RT-II0KN   CATTLE. 

from  noted  English  herds  were  Zoe,  bred  ])y 
Mr.  Tanqueray,  and  Miss  Belleville,  bred  by 
Mason  Hopper  and  sired  by  the  "never-beaten" 
Belleville  (6778).  The  former  was  the  earliest 
representative  of  the  "J"  branch  of  the  Prin- 
cess sort  imported. 

The  Earl  Ducie  sale  in  England. — While 
Messrs.  Morris  and  Becar  were  making  these 
purchases  an  event  that  was  destined  to  exer- 
cise an  extraordinary  influence  upon  Short-horn 
breeding  on  both  sides  of  the  water  occurred 
in  England.  This  was  the  closing-out  sale  of 
the  herd  of  Earl  Ducie,  at  Tortworth,  which 
took  place  Aug.  24,  1853,  as  a  consequence  of 
the  Earl's  decease.  It  will  be  remem.bered  that 
at  the  Bates  dispersion  sale  Ducie  had  bought 
the  4th  Duke  of  York,  Duchess  55th,  Oxford 
6th,  Duchess  59th,  Duchess  64th  and  Oxford 
nth.  He  bred  Duchess  59th  to  Usurer  (9768) 
— the  Mason-bred  bull  for  which  he  paid  400 
guineas  at  the  sale  of  the  Earl  Spencer  cattle 
in  1848.  The  white  Duchess  67th  resulted,  but 
she  seemed  so  unpromising  that  Lord  Ducie  is 
said  to  have  considered  that  the  cross  was  a 
failure  and  stated  that  he  would  never  again 
"outcross"  the  Duchesses  and  Oxfords.  At  the 
Tortworth  sale  Messrs.  Becar  and  Morris  were 
represented  and  secured  Duchess  66th  and  the 
red  three-year-old  bull  Duke  of  Gloster  (11382), 
by  Grand  Duke  (10284).     For  Duchess  66tli 


SECOND   PERIOD   OF    ACTIVITY.  243 

they  were  forced  to  pay  700  Lruinpus    +u«  , 
-  ess  tdbe;  the  sale  of  whio'aS:  yJ.^^ 

father,  Jonathan  n  t  of'^Sth  "'^r^'""  '"^ 
ami  purchased  Dnohess  59H  i!  t  ^^^^ounty, 
Dnchess  68th.    Fo   the,e  he  f "    .'r^  "**  ^"^ 

«-0.„in,asand30;SrreTprct      ,f"S 

It  not  been  for  the  bidding  of  M,   T  S^  T» 

ray  and  Gunter  of  Gloucestersh  .U  «  f^"'" 

of  cattle  for  which  V^rlT     \    }'^  '''''  ^^^^ 

Duche..s  5,4  at  50  ^'n*  ^'^^^^  "'"'-'»•" 

guineas  Oxford  ,1^/^^'^'  °-'^°"'  *'*  '^t  205 
s  uxtoul  lUh  at  250 guineas.  Oxford  16th 


ww^ 


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P! 


■i  ,1 


illilii 


244        A    lllSTOUY    OF    SHOUT-nOHN    ("ATTLE. 

at  180  ^niineas  and  Duchess  69th  at  400  jrnineas 
were  bought  by  Mr.  'rauqueray;  Mr.  Guuter  pur- 
chasing Duchess  GTtli,  l)y  Usurer,  at  850  guineas, 
and  Duchess  70th  at  310  guineas.  The  Earl  of 
Burlington  bought  Oxford  15th  at  200  guineas, 
and  the  Earl  of  Feversham  took  5th  Duke  of 
Oxford  (127()2)  at  300  guineas.  The  4th  Duke 
of  York  (101()7)  was  bought  by  Gen.  Cadwalla- 
der  and  Mr.  Vail  of  New  York  at  500  guineas, 
but  did  not  live  to  reach  America,  his  neck  hav- 
ing been  broken  during  a  storm  at  sea. 

Thorndale  and  the  Duchesses.— Mr.  Becar 
having  died  in  1854  Col.  Morris  purchased  his 
interest  in  the  partnership  herd,  and  after  sell- 
ing quite  a  number  of  young  bulls  to  various 
breeders  in  different  States  disposed  of  the  en- 
tire holding  to  Mr.  Samuel  Thorne  of  Thorn- 
dale  Farm,  Duchess  Co.,  N.  Y.  Mr.  Thome's 
father,  Jonathan  Thorne  of  New  York  City, 
owned  an  extensive  farm  at  Millbrook,  which 
is  still  in  the  possession  of  the  family.  This 
was  in  1857.  In  the  year  1850  Mr.  Thorne  Sr. 
had  sent  an  order  to  his  son  Edwin,  who  was 
then  in  England,  for  a  Short-horn  bull.  A  pair 
of  cows  had  previously  been  purchased  from 
Mr.  Vail  of  Troy.  The  order  was  filled  by  the 
purchase  and  forwarding  of  the  bull  St.  Law- 
rence (12037),  bred  by  Capt.  Pelham.  This  bull 
was  afterward  sold  to  Dr.  E.  Warfield  and  taken 
to  Kentucky  in  the  autumn  of  1858.     In  1852 


SECOND   PERIOD   OF   ACTIVITY.  246 

Mr  Thorne  received  on  an  onlor  he  had  .riven 
♦"  '';!'•"•*  ^f"  t'-f  two  Uoll-Jlate.s  heifers  Count" 
s  (Cragg,s)  and  Forget-me-not  2d  of  Be  's 
letcher  family.     T|o  also  hought  from   Mr 

S:: 'rit  jr'"^  "^^  ^"-  «-^"-.  "-^^ 

In  the  spring  of  1853  Mr.  Samuel  Thorne  in 
co„>pany  with  Mr.  F.  M.  Kotoh,  sailed  for  Knl" 
bnd  to  purchase  Short-horns,  their  intention 
b  mg  to  buy  the  best  that  could  be  found  w  th" 
out  reference  to  cost.  Theyattended  the  Ducie 
sale,  at  which  Duchesses  59th,  64th  and  6Sth 
were  S3  ected.  From  Mr.  S.  E.  Bolden  they  se 
cured  the  Duchess  bull  Cxrand  Duke  (10284) 

Se  of  anr    "-''''''"S*""  <^'''P«'-«i°°  ^t  the  top 
pute  of  205  guineas,*  and  the  roan  heifer  Per 

by  Grand    Duke.     From   Tortworth  the  red 

S  TownT  ^f  y;."^^  Usurer,  was  obtained 
tol.  Towneley  s  breeding  was  drawn  upon  for 
Frederica  and  Lalla  Rookh.  The  red  cow  Au- 
rora and  Darling  (the  latter  an  Acomb  b^  Grand 
Duke),  mainly  of  Bates  blood,  completed  the 
purchases  of  cattle  brought  out  in  1853     Duch! 

™u).b,u,„e»„|,„,„,„a»"a  TJ.'r'  VV^""""  "«»>"»  lco..M^.» 
BoM.,„  ,„e  celobralcl  Gr.™o  D„o"  .1°  ,"  "  ^'■'«- """"o™  5l»t  save  Mr. 
'»"">■  ot  thai  „Me.  I„  ,hl,  °cm^Z  ,  ,  ?'■  ""-'  '"<'"''•>"'»  ot  ll,e 
B»k-  had  „„i  bem  re„*,,  „.."««. ,1!,'',       '»""<'■"<"'»»  that  Grand 

W»  •.■•■■  at  Mr.  noldens  a»  il,rrr,„.T!I  °'"""«"'"  excellence  ot  such  ot 
■>"».•  ot  Can.brUsc  ■'"''  ""«'»»«»■  Coerry  Dnches.  1„  aM  2a 


mrw^ 


246 


A    IIIHTOIIY    OF    HIIOIIT-HOHN    (BATTLE. 


ess  ()4th  was  loft  in  Englaiul  until  the  following 
year,  and  in  the  meantime  dropped  to  a  service 
by  4th  Dnke  of  York  the  hull  calf  2d  Gruiid 
Duke  (12U(>1 ),  whicdi  under  an  arrangement  pre- 
viously entered  into  l)ecame  the  property  of  Mr. 
Bolden.  This  shipment  of  1853  had  cost  Mr. 
Thorne  the  snug  sum  of  $18,000,  thus  making 
it  the  highest-priced  lot  of  Short-horns  im- 
ported to  America  up  to  that  date.  The  vessel 
upon  which  they  were  shipped  in  October  of 
that  year  had  a  tempestuous  passjige.  Duchess 
68th  was  killed  outright  by  the  falling  of  a  mast 
and  Peri  had  a  hip  knocked  down,  two  rihs 
broken  and  lost  one  horn.  She  nevertheless 
bred  successfully  and  gave  rise  to  a  family  bear- 
ing her  namo  that  afterward  commanded  long 
prices. 

In  1854  Mr.  Thorne  imported  nine  females, 
including  Agnes,  Cypress,  Cherry  and  Constan- 
tia— all  by  B.  Wilson's  Lord  of  Brawith  (104()r)) 
— Lady  Millicent  (from  Fawkes),  by  Laudal)le; 
Diana  Gwynne,  Dinah  Gwynne  and  (from  Tan- 
queray's)  the  Bates  Barrington  heifer  Lady  of 
A.thol.  In  the  fall  of  1855  the  bull  2d  Grand 
Duke  (12961),  above  mentioned,  was  bought 
from  Bolden  for  $5,000  to  succeed  Grand  Duke 
(10284).  An  accident  had  rendered  the  latter 
practically  useless,  but  he  was  not  slaughtered 
until  1857.  With  2d  Grand  Duke  was  shipped 
in  1855  the  Killerby-bred  Booth  bull  Nei)tune 


SECOND    PERIOD   OP   ACTIVITY.  247 

I.IW  I  „„o  HI„s,som.    At  the  salo  of  Sir  Olias 

Km«h  ley  ...  IS5B  Mr.  Tl,or.,e  bought  tl  L  oows 

l.|M>=el„„l  am    M,x  Klathe.-,s,  both  by  IrH 

";  l"V  a..cl  Elgitha.  by  Ualco.    Thi.  gave  him 

H  lb)  into  the  mcst  noted  dairy  strain  of  t! 

ay .,,  England.    Fro.n  Col.  Tow,,o%Cbo„.    t 

l.«  two  heifers  Mi.s.s  Butte.r„i,,  by  the  cele 

.ntod  Master  Bntte.-fly  (,3.,,  D.'and  Butteroun 

.  ittmGth  m"  .'•*''^«''»■^«««  he  obtained 

11  lho7  the  entire  Mo.ri.s  &  Becar  he.-d,  con- 
s  stingat  that  date  of  fifty-three  head,  was  Mr 
chafed  for  $3.5,<...).  Thi«  gave  ThorndataWr 
tua  monopoly  of  the  Duche.ss  and  Oxford  blood 
".  A.,.onca  and  an  invest,nent  in  Short-horns 
'■"••"tmg  well  up  toward  $100,000.  Opera 
t.n.,.sof  such  .nagnitude  did  not  ail  to  create 
mo,^e  or  !e.ss  of  a  sensation  in  cattle-breeS 

It  tl  „»  appears  that  Thorndale  drew  upon  thp 
mcst  noted  struins  of  the  breed,  besides  m part 
»'S  an  nnpetns  to  the  trade  in  England'^ 


248        A   HISTOllY   OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


America  that  permeated  the  entire  industry 
and  influenced  in  marked  degree  the  work  of 
leading  breeders  at  home  and  abroad  for  manj' 
succeeding  years, 

Revival  of  interest  in  the  West. — It  was  a 
trying  ordeal  the  business  passed  through  in 
Ohio  and  Kentucky  during  the  "forties."  Lit- 
tle more  than  butchers'  prices  could  be  real- 
ized. At  the  time  the  George  and  Jonathan 
Renick  her'xs  were  offered  (1844-1846)  not  more 
than  $130  could  be  obtain-^d  for  the  best.  Tlie 
value  of  the  blood  had  been  fully  demonstrated, 
but  farmers  generally  were  financially  unable 
to  avail  themselves  of  it  save  at  extremely  low 
prices.  The  large  landed  proprietors,  however, 
maintained  their  herds  and  manifested  their 
interest  by  exhibiting  stock  at  the  various  lo^al 
fairs,"  By  1850  times  had  brightened,  and  the 
Ohio  State  Agricultural  Society  held  its  initial 
show  near  Cincinnati,  Harness  Renick  winning 


*  In  a  report  of  the  Ross  County  Fair  for  1849,  in  the  Ohio  CulUvatm.  it  is 
said  tliat  "  the  Durham  Short-horns  were  exliibited  in  all  their  sleelciit'ss 
and  beauty.  These  are,  very  justly,  tlie  pride  of  the  principal  farmers  and 
herdsmen  of  the  Scioto  Valley.  We  liave  never  seen  better  anini.,ia  of  this 
class  than  wore  exhibited  on  this  occasion  from  the  herds  of  Geo.  Reuiok. 
Dr.  A.  Watts,  J  R.  Anderson,  Alexander  Renick,  etc.  As  a  whole  it  ex- 
celled in  quality  the  show  of  this  breed  at  either  of  the  New  York  fairs," 

The  report  gives  the  weiglits  of  several  Short-horn  bullocks  on  exliibi 
tion;  among  them  a  steer  of  Dr.  Watts,  three  years  old  in  April.  '.velM-lied. 
Oct.  5,  2.200  lbs. ;  one,  two  years  in  February,  weighed,  Oct.  5, 1,7:W  Iba.  From 
the  herd  of  George  Renick  a  bullock  of  "great  perfection  of  form.'flvr 
years,  weighed  2,800  Its.  Six  others,  only  three  years,  weighed  l.S.Vl.  l.TiJO 
1,720, 1,080,  l.GTO  and  l.OOl  lbs.  These  cattle  had  not  been  forced  iis  is  the 
modern  practice,  having  only  good  grass  in  summer.— Hon.  T  (\JoMi,in 
Breeder's  Gazette,  Oct.  r,,  18S2. 


n    I 


SECOND   PERIOD   OF   ACTIVITY.  249 

tot  prize  on  Sterling  1004-t,-acing  to  imp 
B  ossom  by  Fitz-Favorite-i„  aged-bull  clai' 

n  1"'"^'^^:'^  «»  Lilac-a  descendant  of 
mip.  Duchess  of  Liverpool-in  aged  cows  The 
modern  system  of  t.-aining  for  show  had  not 
at  that  date  come  into  vogue.  It  should  be 
.nentioned  before  proceeding  further  th.t 
shortly  after  the  settlement  of  Walter  Dun's 

Walter  A.  and  Robert  G.  located  upon  their 
athers  extensive  estates  in  Madison  Co  0 
taking  with  them  a  lot  of  good  Short-hUs 
.lescended  from  their  father's  importation  aN 
ready  mentioned.  The  bull  Comet  (1854)  was 
used  by  the  Messrs.  Dun  in  Ohio  as  late  as  1845 
and  was  an  excellent  getter. 
With  the  return  of  better  times  the  Ohio 

herd? "ln"l8"5?f '',  Tr**  ■"*^''''«*  '"  «-- 

extent  that  it  was  determined  to  make  a  fresh 

mportation  from   England.    Eighteen    yeal 

h  d  elapsed  since  the  first  purchase  by  the  oM 

U.n  as  to  what  progress  had  been  made  in  the 
mprovement  of  the  bre»d  in  England  dm-W 
that  perioa.    The  project  took  definite  formZ 
tlie  organization  of  the  ^ 

Scioto  Valley  Importing  Co.-The  vetPr^n 
Dv.  Arthur  Watts  and  Mr.  George  W  Sk 
-"  "t  I'  ehx  Renick,  were  appointed  agents!  2 


i.Ii  Urn  mU 


.ii,   ,      i 


1       1   I 


250        A   HISTORY   OP   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 

the  result  of  their  journey  was  the  purchase 
and  importation  of  ten  bulls  and  seven  females 
that  were  sold  at  auction  at  the  farm  of  Dr. 
Watts,  near  Chillicothe.  Stockholders  had  the 
privilege  of  bidding  and  took  most  of  the  cat- 
tle at  high  prices.  The  sale  list,  with  some 
particulars,  follows: 

BULLS. 

Nobleman  (13392),  roan  two-year-old,  bred  by  J.  Wood;  a 
bull  of  marked  excellence— Hon.  John  I.  Vanmeter,  Pike 
County S2,510 

Count  Fathom  (11316) ,  roan  yearling,  bred  by  F.  H.  Fawkes ; 
got  by  Lord  Marquis  (10459) ;  proved  a  very  successful 
sire— N.  Perrili,  Clinton  County 2,075 

Master  Belleville  (11795),  roan  two-year-old,  bred  by  J.  M. 
Hopper;  sired  by  the  show  bull  Belleville  (0778)  and  de- 
scribed as  "a  grand,  rangy  bull  and  the  sire  of  a  large 
number  of  fine  Short-horns,  including  Billy  Harrison 
263,  the  prize  bull  Master  Miller,  etc."— Messrs.  Renick 
and  Maypool 2,005 

Lord  Nelson  664,  red-roan  two-year-old,  bred  by  R.  Thorn- 
ton—John L.  Meyers,  Fayette  County  1,825 

Gamboy  (11503),  red-and-white,  bred  byF.  H.  Fawkes;  trac- 
ing to  the  Booth  cow  Isabella  by  Pilot— M.  L.  SuUivant, 
Columbus 1,400 

Rising  Sun  5130,  roan  bull  calf,  bred  by  Mr.  Wetherell— 

Isaac  Cunningham,  Scioto  County 1,300 

Alderman  (9882),  roan  three-year-old,  bred  by  R.  C.  Lown- 
des; afterward  became  the  property  of  Jacob  Pierce 
and  used  for  some  years  in  his  fine  herd— Hon.  Alex. 
Waddle,  Clark  County 1,150 

Isaac  589,  roan  two-year-old,  bred  by  R.  Thornton ;  a  lo  »v, 
compi'ct  bull  of  fine  quality,  a  good  feeder  and  capital 
sire;  second-prize  bull  at  the  Ohio  State  Fair,  1854— 
Messrs.  Gregg  and  J.  O'B.  Renick,  Pickaway  County. . .      600 

Young  Whittington  1165,  roan  yeurling;  afterward  owned 
by  Messrs.  BroM^n  of  Sangamon  Co.,  111.— Arthur  Watts, 
Chillicothe 450 


SECOND   PERIOD   OF   ACTIVITY.  251 

cows  AXl)  HEIFEHS. 

Mary,  roan  two-year-old,  bred  by  J    Emer^nn  •  t,^  t      ^     . 

the  Manor  (10466)-Hon.  A.  Wuddfe             '    ^  ^"""^  °^- 
Sunrise,  red,  by  Twilicht  m7nfi\     u        t",' ^1,650 

PikeCounty      .       ^^      (9.58)-Hon.  John  I.  Vanmeter, 

Blue  Bonnet,  roan  two-year-oVdVby  Earl  of  Antrim' aoi74'"-  ^'^^ 
a  large,  stylish  cow  of  superior  oualitv  nnT  ' ' 

milker;  dam  of  prize  bulls  'S  terXmer  693  WinT^H 
1 107  and  a  valuable  progeny  of  temZVw  Renick 
Pickaway  County  ^  •  vv .  jxenick, 

Raspberry,  roan  two-year-old,  sired"by'  Banker  ni'i^n""'   ^'^^ 

drieSd  11267,  used  in  the  prize  hereof  J  r  If  ""'"" 
Ross  County-Georee  W  Pvll  S  V        ^-  ^"^^rson. 
Strawberry,  roan  cow,  M  bfR"l'horn^r''^.''T"*^ '^''' 

r  females  sold  for «  ?  t'  ^  """^""^^^  ""^ *1'479.45 

16  anbnals  sold  for 31' goo  ■  T  ''^^'"''^^  ^^ 1'187.85 

-^I'^^O ;  an  average  of . . .  j  351  gr,      ■ 

Tlie  prices  which  the  stockholders  were  wil- 
."g  to  pay  for  these  cattle  inspired  frel  cm 

once  on  both  sides  of  the  river  and  ttle 
t'.'llownig  year  several  other  importing  comp! 
mes  were  organized.  ^  comp... 

*  The  red-roan  bull  Adnm  noiaax  u     ^  , 
^v.'.«  out  Of  eonm.lon  a  utfrHo'f  L  h      '^  ■"■  ''''''•'^'  °^  ^'^^^  Importation 

-'-  .-^er  A..tUa,  of  t.e  Bloe^^ tl^l^L  o!"  of^^^" "  ^^"^^"'« 


252   A  HISTORY  OF  SHORT-HORN  CATTLE. 

Madison  Co.  (0.)  Co.— In  1853  the  Madison 
Co.  (0.)  Importing  Co.  was  formed.  Messrs. 
Charles  Phellis,  B.  B.  Browning  and  Mr.  Fariar 
were  appointed  agents  and  selected  from  the 
English  herds  fifteen  bulls  and  nine  cows, 
which,  after  the  usual  plan  of  these  companies, 
were  sold  at  auction.  The  event  occurred  Sept. 
27  at  London,  Madison  County,  the  result,  to- 
gether with  a  few  notes  upon  the  more  noted 
animals,  being  as  indicated  below.  From  this 
it  will  appear  that  prices  now  mounted  to  a 
still  higher  range  than  had  yet  been  attained: 

BULLS. 

Starlight  (12146^,  roan  two-year-old,  bred  by  R.  Lawson; 
sired  by  Lansdowne  (9277) ,  dam  Beauty  by  Mussulman 
(4524) .  This  bull  was  kept  upon  the  farm  of  James  Ful- 
lington,  in  Union  County,  for  many  years  and  was  one 
of  the  best  sires  ever  used  in  the  State.  Though  a  first- 
prize  ball  at  the  State  Fair  of  1854,  Starlight  was  not  a 
first-class  show  bull.  His  strong,  masculine  front,  with 
broad  and  massive  brisket,  were  quite  imposing,  and  the 
length  of  his  fore  ribs  gave  a  chest  of  unusual  capacity. 
He  had  a  good  back  and  loin,  but  his  quarters  were  a 
little  short.  He  was  a  bull  of  unusual  vigor  of  constitu- 
tion and  required  to  be  carefully  handled.  Among  his 
get  that  acquired  distinction  in  show-yards  were  the 
champion  bulls  Starlight  2d  2559,  Buckeye  Starlight 
3718  and  General  Grant  4825— Charles  Phellis,  Madi- 
son County 13,00(1 

Marquis  (11787),  roan  two-year-old,  bred  by  R.Thornton; 
sired  by  Whittington  (12;^99) ;  a  fine,  compactly-fash- 
ioned bull  of  extra  quality,  extensively  used  on  t,he  fine 
herds  then  owned  in  the  region  known  locally  as  the 
"Darby  Plains"— James  FuUington  (Union  County)  and 
others ^^^ 

Shefiflelder  (13693),  roan  two-year-old,  bred  by  Mr.  Hall; 
sired  by  His  Grace  (10323)— J.  W.  Robinson,  Madison 
County l'^** 


SECOxND   PERIOD   OF   ACTIVITY.  253 

Mario  ai779),  roan  two-year-old    bred  hv  t   «  rr 

sired  by  Horatio  (lo4)  out  of  thf  r  '  ^^"^"eray ; 

by  Sir  Thomas  FairSx  •  a  flnl  ,        Z^''''^  ^^^  ^^^^^^ 
full  depth  of  chest  and  -f  ""^^  ^""'  ^"*^  ^O'^dPr- 

of  David  Watson-Robert  R^ed  Mn'n       T  "^  Property 

Colonel  (12614),  red-anXhi?r„;n?^^  1-550 

Lawson;  proved  a  l^d  h  J?     '^^^^l'"^'  bred  by  R. 

bullwithLeof  h^s^^et  at  Oh^^^^^^  ^"^'  P"^«  ^« 

-yfre,nentIy1ho:n';Vh^?cc:^^^^^^^^  P^^" 

Farmer  Boy  (11464),  roan  two-yearSd  ^7.    ^""^ ^'^ 

ton-Joseph  Reyburn,  Madifon  Count/        '        ^'"" 

Thornberry  (12222) ,  white  two-year-old    hrpii"  i"  '  o"- ^5 

Booth,  Warlaby ;  sired  by  Hopewell  '(ms2^  ^J  "^^S^"^ 
thome  Blossom   bv  T  «n"r,a  7      ,\^  (10332),  dam  Haw- 

"o«"cn  bisTet  aL'^tSiih^^;^^^^^^^ 
wonderful  spring  of  rib  snlendM        ^°7  ^'^'^  ^^^el,  with 
laby  chest  and  s^ouIdL'oneof  th^r??^ '^^'^^^ 
known  in  the  Scioto  vJiil,r^        ^  ^^^*  *^^**«^s  ever 

qualities  wit^  f.":r„iSt;Tor  2    ^^t^°^ 

ness  and  Felix  W  Rpni^i,  p,-  f      *^^^^«t-Messrs.  Har- 
BeauCIerc  (meO)  ,7oaf tr;e^artrb^^^^^^^^^^^  «^5 

-D  M.  Creighton,  Madison  Junty         "^    "  ^^  ^^^^^^ 
Symmetry  (12167),  roan  two-year-old  bred' hv'/'tr"  ••  V  '      ^^ 

sired  byPhosphorus0477-Messrs  n„n  A?^^-    ^^^^^^^s. 
Sportsman,  roan  buU  calf-JamerFo.;?.  m^^'^''^'^  ^""^^'^  1'150 
Duke  of  Liverpool,  roan  b^l  SuTeoV       r^'".^  ^""'^'^- "      ''^ 
Madison  County calf-George  G.  McDonald, 

Splendor  997>^,  roan  vearlinff— ^'  a  "  v ,': 555 

Prince  Edward  864,'^^oan  yelrTint    mT  w''r "  ^^""*y-      500 
County yeariing-M.  B.  Wnght,  Fayette 

Rocket  921X,  white  yearling-David  w.V ;; " : "^^^ 

Prince  Albert  3284,  roan  yearling-i  ^0^^"'  ^'^  rf  °""*^-      '^ 
County ^    ''•^^•Chenoweth,  Madison 

3()Q 

cows  AND  HEIFERS. 

«on  s  Fancy,  that  prT/  l^' t,     """'  ^""^  °*  ^^^^^  Wat- 
•^essie,  by  S  ariieht  o     '   h        ^""^^^  champion  show  cow 

oull   Buc^ke^e  ?ta  laghV  "nr;  ''^^f^°^  «^  ^^«  P"ze 
County ...._  ^718-Jesse  Watson,  Madison 

«1,350 


i 

r 

1 

w^ 

I   i 


254    A  HISTORY  OF  SHORT-HORN  CATTLE. 

Picotee,  roan  six-year-old ;  sired  by  Robin  Hood  (8492)— Jesse 

Watson,  Madison  County l>27f; 

Miss  Hilton,  roan  two-year-old,  bred  by  T.  Raine— David 

Watson 875 

Princess,  roan  three-year-old,  bred  by  W.  Raine—William 

Watson,  Clark  County 690 

Blossom,  roan  yearling,  bred  by  R.  Thornton— David  Wat- 
son       650 

Victoria,  roan  three-year-old,  bred  by  W.  Raine;  afterward 
property  of  James  FuUington— J.  Q.  Winchell,  Madison 
County 600 

Alexandrina,  white  yearling,  bred  by  T.  Raine— David  Wat- 
son        500 

Yorkshire  Dairy  Cow  (not  pedigreed)— Joseph  Negley,  Clark 

County 42o 

Monsoon  (not  pedigreed) ,  dam  Yorkshire  Dairy  Cow— Jos. 

Reyburn,  Madison  County ^^95 

15  bulls  sold  for $17,355 ;  im  average  of $1,157 

9  females  sold  for 6,720;     .i  average  of 747 

24  animals  sold  for 24,075 ;  an  average  of 1,003 

Northern  Kentucky  Association.— In  1853 
an  association  of  Kentucky  breeders  under  this 
title  commissioned  Messrs.  Solomon  Vanmeter, 
Nelson  Dudley  and  Charles  T.  Garrard  to  pro- 
ceed to  England  for  the  purchase  of  cattle. 
Fifteen  cows  and  ten  bulls  were  selected  and 
imported  in  July  of  that  year,  which  were  sold 
at  auction  soon  after  their  arrival  at  the  farm 
of  B.  J.  Clay,  in  Bourbon  County,  at  the  extra- 
ordinary prices  noted  below: 

BULLS. 

Diamond  (11357),  roan  three-year-old,  bred  by  Earl  Fever- 
sham— B.  J.  Clay,  H.  Clay  Jr.,  George  M.  Bedford  and 
J.  Duncan,  Bourbon  Countv $6,000 

Challenger  (14252) ,  roan  yearling,  bred  by  Earl  Ducie ;  sired 
by  4th  Duke  of  York  (10167) ;  dam  Chaplet  by  Usurer 
(9763) ,  running  to  Magdalena  by  Comet— Isaac  and  Solo- 
mon Vanmeter  and  T.  L.  Cunningham,  Clark  County  . .  4,850 


SECOND  PERIOD   OF   ACTIVITY.  255 

Orontes  2d  (11877),  red  two-year-old,  bred  by  Earl  of  Bur- 
imgton ;  out  of  imp.  Goodness,  of  Masoa  blood-R    A 
Alexander,  Woodford  County  .  .-„ 

YoungChilton  (11278),  white  threeiyear-old,  bredbyj' Eml 
erson;  sired  by  Chilton  (10054)-Dr.  R.  J.  Breckenridge 
andMessrs^B.&W.Warfleld,  Fayette  County...       ^8  005 

Fortunatus  1564,  roan  bull  calf,  bred  by  F.  H.  Fa  >vkes   sired 
by  Lord  Marquis  (10459) ;  dam  Fairy  Tale  bySir  Thos 
Fairfax-Messrs.  Vanmeter,  Fayette  County  . . .  3  500 

The  Count  (12191),  roan  two-year-old,  bred  by  H  Xm^^er" 

SanX  2f  (?368T:?J°^'  l'""'^-^-  «*>«'  ^'"^  ^onZ'.  2,500 
Senator  2d  (13687)  white  yearling,  bred  by  H.  Ambler ;  sired 

by  Senator  (8548);  dam  Fair  Frances  by  Sir  Thomas 

Fairfax  (5196)-AUen  &  Curd,  Fayette  Count^^.^      '  2  000 

Belleville  8d  (14  50),  roan  yearling,  bred  by  Mas^n  Hopper":     ' 

«;red  by  Belleville  (6778)-G.  W.Sutton,  Fayette  Count  V  1500 
Fusileer  (11499),  roan  two-year-old,  bred  by  T   Bell    sired 

V    l\''"''t """''  ''^'^-^-  W-  S-".  Franklif  C  ;nty      1  400 
Yorkshire  Maynard  (14043),  roan  yearling,  bred  by  A   L 

Maynard ;  sired  by  Lord  George  (10443) -Robert  S.  Tay- 
lor, Clark  County "'^ 

• 1,(X)0 

cows  AND  HEIFERS. 

Mazurka  red-roan  yearling,  bred  by  W.  Smith,  sired  by  the 
Booth  bull  Harbinger  (10297,,  in  calf  to  Orontes  2d-R 
A.  Alexander,  Woodford  County. .. .  »  „  ana 

Maid  of  Melrose,  roan  yearling,  bred  by  RnVFawkes,' sired 

V  Lord  Marquis  (10459)-R.  A.  Alexander  a  200 

Goodness  red,  calved  in  1847;  bred  by  Mr.  HaU, "legatee" of 

T  «H?n  ^r''^"'  "''■^^  ^^  ^""^^'^^  (4623)-G.  W.  Sutton  . .  2  025 

LoaT'l"'  T"".  ^^°-^'^'^r-°ld,  bred  by  Mr.  Spearman,     ' 
LadvS   I  ^"^*«°'^°  (14991,-B.  J.  Clay,  Bourbon  Count^  1,825 
Lady  Stanhope,  roan,  calved  in  1847,  bred  by  A.  L.  Maynard 

County ";.  .^''"'"P"   ^''''^-^-  '-  ^^^y-  ««^rb- 

Lady  Fairy,  red,  cal'ved"in  1848, 'bred  by  F.  R.  Fawkes"  "siVed  ^'^ 

by  Laudable  (9282)  out  of  Fairy  Tale,  the  dam  oUmp 

FlyZc:^;-  ^-«^^-^^^--^  B.  &  W.  Warfield"; 
Orphan  Nell  roan  yearling,  bred  byJ-'^VTanquerayVsired  ^'^^ 

KS  Sy  ''-  "  *^^  ^---  ^^-^-  A  «r 
Equity,  red  yearling,  bred  by  John  Booth,'sir;d  by  "w  ^'^ 

George  (10439)-R.  A.  Alexander,  Woodford  County^     1,000 


wmi 


i 


4: 

I. 


256 


A  HISTORY  OF  SHORT-HORN  CATTLE. 


Roan  Duchess,  roaa  throe-yoar-old,  bred  by  Mr.  Wetherell, 
sired  by  Whittington  (1!3399)— W.  H.  Brand,  Fayette 
County 900 

Duchess  of  Sutherland,  red  two-year-old,  bred  by  H.  Ambler, 

sired  by  Captain  Edwards  (8929)— W.  H.  Brand 9()0 

Gem,  roan  two-year-old,  bred  by  H.  Ambler,  sired  by  Broker 
(9993) ;  dam  the  Booth  cow  Gulnare  (bred  by  Mr. 
Fawkes)  by  Norfolk  (2377)— S.  Vanmeter  and  T.  L.  Cun- 
ningham        '^'^5 

Flattery,  white  yearling,  bred  by  Earl  Ducie,  sired  by  4th 

Duke  of  York  (10167)— W.  R.  Duncan.  Clark  County. . . .      815 

Necklace,  roan  yearling,  bred  by  Col.  Tovvneley,  sired  by 

Duke  of  Athol  (10150)  —Henry  Clay  Jr.,  Bourbon  County      805 

Bracelet,  roan  twin-sister  to  Necklace  above— M.  M.  Clay, 

Bourbon  County ~'^0 

Muffin,  roan  yearling,  bred  by  Earl  Ducie,  sired  by  Usurer 

(9763)— W.  A.  Smith,  Scott  County 535 

10  bulls  sold  for 129,305 ;  an  average  of «2,930.50 

15  females  sold  for 19,2:?();  an  average  of 1,28'i.OO 

25  animals  sold  for 48,535 ;  an  average  of 1,941.40 

The  ten  bulls  cost  in  England  about  $5,570 
and  fetched  nearly  $30,000.  The  females  cost 
about  $5,920  on  the  other  side  and  brought 
nearly  S20,000.  The  cattle  were  well  chosen, 
fell  for  the  most  part  into  good  hands  and 
were  important  factors  in  subsequent  Ken- 
tucky Short-horn  history.  The  high-priced 
bull  Diamond  proved  impotent.  Young  Chil- 
ton, Challenger  and  Orontes  2d  were,  in  the 
order  named,  remarkable  stock-getters.  It  is 
worthy  of  note  in  this  connection  that  Young 
Chilton's  sire,  Chilton  (10054),  was  a  white  bull 
got  by  the  "  never-beaten  "  show  bull  Belleville 
(6778)  out  of  one  of  that  bull's  own  daughters. 
Belleville  (see  foot-note  page  107)  was  the  bull 


SECOND   PERIOD  OF  ACTIVITY.  257 

that  Mr.  Bates  so  persistently  decried.    As  one 
of  the  best  sires  ever  used  in  Kentucky  carried 
a  double  cross  of  the  Belleville  blood,  the  infal- 
hbihty  of  Mr.  Bates'  judgment  is  not  in  this 
case  apparent.     I„  point  of  individual  merit 
Young  Chilton  also  headed  this  remarkable  lis 
of  bulls  Orontes  2d  standing  second  and  Chal- 
lenger third.    As  a  sire,  however,  the  latter 
111  the  hands  of  Messrs.  Vanmeter,  surpassed 
t  e  work  of  Orontes  2d  at  Woodbun/  Se'i- 
ator  2d,  Fortunatus  and  Yorkshire  Maynard 
produced  no  extraordinary  stock.    Of  the  cows 
of  this  memorable  importation  it  is  only  neces- 
sary to  say  that  the  descendants  of  Goodness 

•"  i"  'T'^'.  °*  *^'^°'-S«  M.  Bedford,  of  Mazu"  ka 
m  the  hands  of  Mr.  Alexander,  of  Gem  in 
he  herd  of  William  Warfield,  of  Roan  DucL" 
7o"f  L?'/"p"  V  '"  -"-y^Jiflerent  herds, 
stiated  the  fact  that  the  original  selections 
were  made  with  rare  judgment  and  thatX  r 

Scott  Co.  (Ky.)  Importing  Co.- Near  the 
C0.se  of  the  vpar  iKr^o  „        *  '^'^^'^   '"6 

ized  i„\.nH  r*V         ^,  company  was  organ- 

K  Jainef  R      '     ^^  ''"''  ^''''''-  ^-  Crockett 
a.    James  Bagg,  as  agents,  proceeded  to  Eng- 

a      aiid  purchased  seven  females  and   five 

W   ,  which  were  sold  at  auction  Jan.  10,  1854 

the  farm  of  Mr.  M.  B.  Webb.    Incluied  in 

tlu^  lot   were   the    bulls   Baron    Feversham 


^i 


258 


A    II [STORY   OP   8H0RT-II0UN   CATTLE. 


13414,  a  roan  two-year-old  hou^dit  at  the  sale 
by  C.  Estill  of  Madison  County  at  the  top  price 
of  $1,525;  the  hull  Pathhnder  805,  a  roan  year- 
ling, taken  by  JVlessrs.  Webb  &  Ford  of  8cott 
County  at  $S()0,  and  the  cows  Venus  by  Fair 
Eclipse  (11456),  sold  to  J.  Hill  of  Bourbon 
County  at  $710,  and  Carnation  hy  Budget 
222()5,  bought  by  C.  W.  Innes,  Fayette  County, 
at  $610.  The  entire  lot  brought  $7,535,  an  av- 
erage of  $685. 

In  1854  the  same  parties  who  had  been  inter- 
ested in  the  Scott  County  Co.  organized  again 
under  the  name  of  the  Kentucky  Importing  Co. 
and  sent  Messrs.  Wesley  Warnock  and  James 
Bagg  to  England  for  a  second  lot  of  cattle. 
They  purchased  six  bulls  and  fifteen  cows  and 
heifers  that  were  placed  upon  the  farm  of  C. 
W.  Innes,  near  Lexington,  and  in  October,  1854, 
five  of  the  bulls  and  fourteen  of  the  females 
were  sold  at  auction,  the  former  averaging 
$994  and  the  latter  $390.    This  sale  was  mem- 
orable from  the  fact  that  Mr.  R.  A.  Alexander, 
whose  extensive  operations  are  shortly  to  be 
noticed,  paid  $3,500  for  the  roan  two-year-old 
bull  Sirius  (13737),  bred  by  E.  Ackroyd;  sired 
by  Concord  (11302)  out  of  a  daughter  of  Mr. 
Fawkes'  Fairy  Tale,  that  was  also  the  dam  of 
Fortunatus  1564.    The  next  highest-priced  bull 
was  the  roan  yenrli?ig  MacClregor  675— also  of 
Fawkes'  breeding  — that  was  taken   by  Jolm 


SECOND   PEKIOI)   OF    ACTIVITY.  259 

Frill  at  $(;00     The  top  „,ice  f.,,-  c.ws  wh«  $m, 

':"  Vu'-  ''•  A/'-^-^'^'Jer  for  the  roan  two- 
.veai-old  Bossie  HowanI,  an.l  $«0()  paid  by  the 
same  buyer  for  Liz/iV  li.-  Mu,.,..,;     t  r,       . 
/ll7S(n  Liu        ^;^f^\"i  JMarqiiisof  Carrabas 
mm,  both  bred  by  Mr.  Fawkes     From  the 

irJ  R*"''?'  ^^J"""'-^  (13y0»)-«c;id  to  S.  Co  ! 
olf  ,°TT  ^?""^y  '■•"■  «!205-descended  the 
celebrated  show  heifer  Fannie  Forrester. 
Clinton  Co  (0.)  Association.-An  organiza- 
on  formed  m  Clinton  Co.,  0.,  in  1854  sent  as 
.agents  Me..srs.  H.  H.  Hankins,  J.  G.  Coulter 
and  A.  R.  Seymour,  who  h-ught  and  imported 
Mventeeii  cows  and  heifers  and  ten  bulls  that 
were  so  d  Aug.  9  of  that  year  at  Wilmington 

hulls  an,  $049  tor  tlie  females.  The  ton  price 
for  fwimles  was  $1,675,  paid  by  M.  B.  Wright 
and  Wilham  Palmer,  Fayette  C ,.,  0  for  the 
roan  cow  Duchess,  by  Norfolk  (9442).   The  roan 

Si   TT'.V  ^"^  ^«"'*""'  ^•'^^  taken  by 
Hddley  &  Hankins  of  Clinton  County  at  $1,060- 
I  e  white  cow  Hope,  by  Duke  of  York  (6947) 
fell  to  the  bidding  of  William  Palmer  at  $1  000 
and  the  roan  Victoria,  sold  without  pedigree 

.mpoitatiou  also  was  the  cow  Lady  Jane,  by 
:       uff'^J^'  ^  '""^  "f   Wethereirs  breed  ng 

l->00    She  eft  numerous  descendants.  Another 
c»w  to  which  some  of  our  American  pedigrees 


■V 

■i  i  ,11 


III!! 


i»-^' 


2()0 


A    HISTORY   OF    SHOHT-IIOKN   CATTLE. 


trace  was  also  in  this  sliipment— Miss  Shaftoc 
a  red  by  Captain  Siiaftoe  (()SIJ:J),  bred  by  W. 
Smith,  purchased  at  this  sale  })y  Jesse  Star})uci< 
at  $650.  We  should  also  mention  Louisa,  a 
roan  by  Crusader,  taken  by  J.  II.  Mills,  Clinton 
County,  at  $:J00.  The  l)ull  Wellington  (139St)), 
a  roan  two-year-old,  ])red  by  R.  Lawson,  com- 
manded the  great  price  of  $8,700  from  Messrs. 
Coulter,  Hankins  and  others.  The  white  two- 
year-old  bull  Billy  Harrison  2()8,  out  of  the 
$1,075  Duchess  by  Norfolk,  was  taken  by  Jesse 
Starbuck  of,  Clinton  Couiity  at  $1,500.  The 
four-year-old  roan  Warrior  (12287),  bred  by 
Richard  Booth,  sired  by  Water  King  (11084) 
out  of  Bagatelle  by  Buckingham,  went  to  B. 
Hiukson  and  H.  H.  Hankins  at  $1,200. 

Clark  Co.  (0.)  Co.— The  last  of  the  importing 
companies  organized  in  the  State  of  Ohio  was 
formed  in  Clark  County  in  1854.  Dr.  Arthur 
Watts  of  Chillicothe  and  Alexander  Waddle  of 
South  Charleston  were  sent  abroad  to  make  the 
selection  and  purchased  twenty  cows  and  heif- 
ers and  nine  bulls  that  were  divided  by  auction 
sale  Sept.  6,  1854.  This  impoi-iation  inclnde'l 
some  very  valuable  cattle,  .some  o.  the  most 
noted  of  which  are  listed  herewith,  together 
with  a  few  facts  of  interest : 

New  Year's  Day  (13383) ,  sold  at  this  sale  as  a  roan  yearling, 
was  bred  by  Lee  Norman  and  sired  by  Magnet  (11705)  out  of  Moss 
RoE.'»  by  Killerby  (7123).  He  was  bought  by  C.  M.  Clark  of  Clark 
.  vinty  for  ?3.5(X).  Before  importation  he  won  a  first  prize  at  the 
Koyal  Dublin  Show  of  1853.  He  was  extensively  exhibited  through- 


SKCOM)    I'KKiuD   UF   ACTIVITY. 


261 


at  SprinKfleld,  O  .  In  the  f "  1  ,^  iK^f  tm  '"'"'  ^^'"'-"  ^^ow  held 
the  scene  of  a  niemomblo    .onfl!;  »   .     '"  ^"^^  «v  ^reat  event  and 
bred  Short-horns    The  bi^  iTr     T"'"  ^^«"t"«ky  und  Ohio 
tlon  H.O.  be.on^nK  t^t.^Sr^l^-^^X^r 
Uuraund  AbrttmRenlok'sI^n^«,>f  wT  Bedford's  fimous 

Vista,  wore  amon^  the  ^cmcks'  t^     T^ 

but  imp.  Duehess^by  Nor^lk  ir  'T^f"**^  ^'  '^«  ^^«r. 
among  the  cows  showru  The^Kontn  J  *"'"  '^''""•"'"  '^°"''" 
tivuted  by  the  young  imp  New  Yea^°«  n^'''"'  7T  ""'"'^  ^^P* 
tion  in  which  Abram  RM  JT,  ?'^'  '"''*  "^'^^ » consulta- 
effort  to  buy  him  at  a  co^s  derS  ^'"^  "'"^  '""'^^  ^^^  ^'^'•"e^t 
New  Year's  Day  won  at  "11?^^,^'''^^'"'  ^"*  ^*^»^«"'  «»'^-'«««- 
vanced  in  yearl  was  1^^^!'  "T  w '"'"  f"'  "^«"  ^"*^«  '^d' 
heldatSt.IxjuisandChSLo  Whif ,,  i^/"^'"'  '^^  exhibitions 
opportunities  as  a  sire  he  w^T^-  -  ""^ '''^' ''"^ '''''•''' 

famous  Lady  of  Clark  out  of  th^MlsrWHo"""'  'I"*^^  ''''''>  *he 
Mr.  Clark  had  bought  in  Kentuckf  tI^.  V^7  "^""^  ^"'^''  "'«' 
-sold  to  go  to  Illinois.  Flora  Belle  bro^h''  ?/  ?  "'^  ^^^  afterward 
Scottish  Bluebell,  was  anoth-  H '    ^^  ^''''''''*''  ^'''''"  ''"P- 

acquired  eelebrity  i?the  s^ow  Hn"  ""'"  "^'"'^  ""'"  '' ^^ 

HewassiredbyMr™othJcT..L  r.^^^       *"'""""*^*^  '«  ^'"^rica. 
was  u  bull  of  fine  substance  and  e«^^^^^^^^^  ^^'°««  (^«««^>.  -d 

covered  with  flesh.    He  rarpurehasedat"'^' «''''-''  ""'  "''''"^ 
for  J2,100  and  afterward  sold  to  Rn^     at  the  sale  by  Dr.  Watts 

noted  show  animals  exhibUed  bv  Sr  7',  ^""''''-    ^"™«  «^  '^e 
Matilda  and  Rose  of  Sharon  famn,-^     Anderson  belonging  to  his 
Czar  3U5,  a  roan  vearHnVtnt  k    T"'^^  **  ^^^'^"«<^  ^^oss. 

ta^en  by  A.  J.  PaVe^ cTarfco'jnt^/r/^^^^S  ^^^^^^^'  ^^^ 
larjre  bull,  but  showed  the  flo^h^  .^  .  *  ''^-  ^«  ^as  not  a 
and  loft  mueh  good  s'tlk  incUuL^t^^T  "'  '"'  ^^^^^  ^"^««t"rs 
out  Of  imp.  Dahlia,  and  dX^  Jiffrn  '        ""/"'  ^^''^^^  ^^'^"°^. 

Buckingham  2d  ^97-al  o^f  ^he  rr.r^v;,^'?"*'^  ^"^^'■ 
He  was  bought  by  Willim  D   ptrce  of  ctrk  0'"^'  *^'^- 
though  highly  esteemed  for  his  indTvidnnr    \^''"°*^'  "'''^  ^^- 
much  chanee  as  a  stock  bull  in   he  hands  0    m7V''''  "°*  ^^'^ 
a  very  poor  keeper.  ^^-  Pierce,  who  was 

J^bX^t::rrf  BtthT^r  *'"  ^"^«^*^*^-  --*m25.  ' 

'Hby  (7818).    She  was  bot^^^^^^^^^  t'^^^f  ^  ""'^'^  '^  ^^-'^  ^^- 
oou^nt  by  A.  J.  Paige  and  was  easily  one  of 


lii^  I-; 


262 


A   HISTORY   OF   SHCiiT-HORN   CATTLE. 


i 

the  best  cows  of  her  time  in  this  country.  She  was  exceptionally 
broad,  deep  and  compact,  carried  a  great  wealth  of  fesh,  was  neat 
in  Lci-  bone  and  a  capital  milker.  She  was  shown  with  success  at 
the  Ohio  fairs  and  produced  several  good  calves,  including  De- 
lightful already  mentioned. 

Roman  IBth,  a  roan  cow  bred  by  Mr.  Wilkinson  and  sired  by 
Will  Honeycomb  (56G0) ,  possessed  great  scale  and  commanded  the 
next  highest  price— ?1, 300— from  Jacob  Pierce.  She  produced  the 
bull  Champion,  by  New  Year's  Day,  that  won  sweepstakes  at  the 
Ohio  State  Fair  of  1858  as  best  bull  of  any  age  or  breed,  being  at 
that  time  only  eighteen  months  old. 

Easter  Day,  a  roan  yearling  heifer  bred  by  Mr.  Fawkes  and 
sired  by  Lord  Marquis  (10459),  was  a  low,  thick-set,  squarely- 
built  cow  that  was  also  very  successful  at  the  shows,  but  not  a 
good  milker.    She  was  bought  at  the  sale  by  C.  M.  Clark  at  $1,125. 

Dahlia,  a  red  cow  by  Upstart  (9780) ,  was  taken  by  A.  J.  Paige  of 
Clark  County  at  f  1,100. 

Zealous,  a  rohu  cow  bred  by  Mr.  Wilkinson  belonging  to  a 
Mason  family,  went  to  Alexander  Waddle  at  $1,000.  In  symmetry 
of  form,  quality  of  hide,  hair  and  flesh  this  cow  was  extraordi- 
nary. She  had  an  abundance  of  long,  soft  hair,  possessed  great 
refinement  of  character  and  was  an  excellent  dairy  cow.  She  was 
one  of  several  head  bought  by  the  agents  of  the  company  at  a  pub- 
tic  sale  made  by  Mr.  Wilkinson,  tLis  being  the  first  selection  made 
from  that  fine  old  herd  for  America. 

Lavender  8d  and  Lancaster  17th— heifers  from  Mr.  Wilkinson's 
— are  of  special  interest  in  this  connection  on  account  of  the  fact 
that  they  were  the  earliest  representatives  in  America  of  a  family 
which  afterward  acquired  celebrity  in  the  hand.s  of  Amos  Cruick- 
shank,  and  through  the  exhibition  in  the  West  of  imp.  Baron 
Booth  of  Lancaster.  Lavender  3d  was  considered  a  very  valu- 
able heifer  and  was  bought  at  this  sale  by  Dr.  Watts,  for  1600,  and 
was  afterward  sold  to  Walter  A.  Dun  of  Madison  County.  Lan- 
caster 17th  was  sold  to  W.  D.  Pierce  at  $900. 

The  nine  bulls  sold  for  $10,700,  an  average  of 
$1,188.88,  aiA  the  twenty  females  for  $13,215, 
an  average  of  $G60.75. 

From  a  consideration  of  the  results  obtained 
in  Ohio,  Kentucky  and  other  Western  States 
by  the  use  of  the  blood  introduced  by  the  vari- 


SECOND   PERIOD   OF   ACTIVITY. 


263 


i-i^i 


oiis  Ohio  companies,  it  must  be  conceded  that 
America  owes  a  lasting  debt  of  gratitude  to  the 
enterprising  men  who  in  these  early  days,  actu- 
ated largely  by  a  pure  desire  to  benefit  the  ag- 
ricultural community,  transferred  at  great  cost 
to  themselves  so  many  valuable  Short-horns 
from  Great  Britain  to  the  West. 

R.  A.  Alexander  ofWoodburn.— No  name  in 
American  Short-horn  history  is  more  revered 
than   that   of    Robert    Aitcheson   Alexander. 
Manifesting  a  deep  interest  in  cattle-breeding, 
contemporaneous  with    Mr.   Thorne  of    New 
York,  Mr.  Alexander's  operations  were  on  a 
still  more  extensive  scale  than  those  at  Thorn- 
dale,  already  noted.    Moreover  they  had  the 
additional  advantage  of  being  carried  on  in  a 
community  that  appreciated  to  the  utmost  the 
extraordinary  opportunities  ofPered  by  the  es- 
tablishment of  such  a  herd.    As  the  proprietor 
of  the  princoly  estate  of  Woodburn,  Woodford 
Co.,  Ky.— a  short  distance  west  of  Lexington, 
the  "blue-grass"  capital— Mr.  Alexander,  with 
characteristic  Scottish  thrift,  had  brought  his 
magnificent  farm  into  a  high  state  of  fertility. 
Stone  walls  and  stone  stabling  gave  an  air  of 
solidity  to  the  surroundings.     The  far-famed 
Lothians  of  his  native  land  afforded  no  rural 
scenes  so  fair  as  those  presented  by  the  wood- 
land pastures  of  this  ''old   Kentucky  home." 
Naught  was  wanting  to  add  grace  and  value  to 


264 


A    HISTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


the  great  estate  but  worthy  tenants  for  its  lux- 
urious fields. 

During  the  winter  of  1852-53  Mr.  Alexander 
and  his  brother,  A.  J.,  visited  Great  Britain. 
The  now  rapidly  reviving  interest  in  cattle- 
breeding  in  America  had  not  escaped  his  no- 
tice, and  it  was  determined  upon  the  occasion 
of  this  visit  to  the  motherland  to  lay  the  foun- 
dation for  a  great  herd  of  Short-horns  at  Wood- 
burn.*  In  the  selection  of  the  stock,  aggregat- 
ing about  sixty-eight  head  of  cows  and  heifers 
and  some  fifteen  head  of  bulls,  Mr.  Alexander 
early  gave  evidence  of  his  intention  to  give 
American  cattle-breeders  the  benefit  of  a  wide 
range  of  choice  as  between  the  different  noted 
strains  of  blood  then  prominent  in  Great  Britain. 
This  phase  of  Mr.  Alexander's  character  has  been 
well  commented  upon  by  Mr.  Warfield  in  the 
following  language: 

"  No  importations  ever  made  to  America  have  been  of  more 
value  to  this  county  than  those  of  Mr.  Alexander,  and  perhaps  no 
man  in  America  has  done  more  for  the  cultivation  of  pure-bred 
stock  than  did  the  late  Robert  Aitcheson  Alexander,  whether  we 
speak  of  the  Thoroughbred  racer  or  the  more  sturdy  trotter,  or  of 
Short-horn,  Ayrshire  or  Alderney  cattle,  or  of  Cotswold  or  South- 
down sheep.  He  had  an  eye  for  the  beauties  in  each  and  all.  Pos- 
sessed of  a  large  estate  he  used  it  unsparingly  in  the  cultivation 
of  the  best  quality  of  stock.    Possessed  of  the  power  that  comes 

*  Woodburn  Tann  afterward  became  quite  as  noted  for  Its  rare  collec- 
tion of  Thoroughbred  and  trotting  horses  as  for  Its  Short-horns.  It  was 
tho  homo  of  the  great  four-mile  racer  Lexington,  and  in  later  years,  atier 
the  property  had  passed  into  the  hands  of  A.  J.  Alexander,  the  farm,  under 
the  management  of  Mr.  Lucas  Brodlioad,  achieved  world-wide  fame  a8  a 
nursery  of  great  performers  on  the  trotting  turf.  Jersey  cattle  and  Cots- 
wold and  Southdown  sheep  were  also  bred. 


SECOND   PERIOD   OF   ACTIVITY.  265 

from  great  wealth  he  wiAir?o/i  ,-f  on  •    ^■l. 

terest  of  the  communiry     Able  to    '°        T'^'''  "'  *^«  ^««*  i'^' 

horns  he  insisted  on  havint  he  betrP  'r'''''''^  '"^  ^^''^*- 
and  knowing  what  was  I^od  ^^/'^'J^'    familiar  with  pedigrees 

Plied  right  PHnciplLTo  thTend    'c  ;^^^^^^  ^«  ^^-^^^  -P- 

into  no  crochets  and  cave  no  r,..f  •  ,  ^  !  ^  ^^"^""^  «^^"«d  off 
his  great  mfluenceXwing  it  urt^thirhr"^  *^'  '''''  ^^'^^^^  '' 
only  pure  blood.    On  the  conf  *  -   f  ^     1'"' ^^'^  ^"  ^'^^  *^"«  ^'^^ 

founded  on  a  more  variefbasi  and  Jrh''/'  ^"^°  ^^^^  ^««° 
so  catholic  in  their  tastes  PurrR^l^'"'''^"^"  have  ever  been 
Mason,  Wiley,  Whiter  <  Seventeen  'e'vSr  f^^^' ^'^^^^^ey, 
has  ever  been  known  .n  tbp  nZfr  .  u  J^  ^*'"^'''  ^^^^'^  that 
aifections.  The  co^seou^nL T.  .r  '  ""^u  ^  ^^^^^  ^^  ^'«  ^^^^  and 
that  in  its  prime  harcertan^r;;^  ^f  TJ^-^  together  of  a  herd 

and  perhaps  as  certf i^  y  ^1  o"^^^^^^^^  ""'  T  "^'^^' 

worth  and  fancy,  so  long  as  faniv  ^fl      .       .^  °^  ^°°'^  "*«^"°g 
money  would  gather  togethe;^Snh'   ''''^'"'  '^''*^  ^^^*^'  *^^t 

wouM  ao  „s  Of  .Ms  day  ZZflT^^,  2::;.^"-  "W""  " 

First  Of  the  Airdrie  Duchesses.-Visiting 
the  leading  herds  of  Britain  he  bought,  amonf 
other  TOluable  animals,  the  two-year-old  roaf 
.eifer  Duchess  of  Athol  and  her'half-brotZ 

nyThl  "fZT  *•""  2cl  Duke  of  Athol 
(11376),  both  bred  by  Col.  Towneley,  at  500 
Ra.ueas  for  the  pair.  It  may  be  re„[;rked  in 
ius,.-ing  that  on  this  same  trip  the  heifer  Ma- 
z..ka,  offered  at  100  guineas,  vL  decli  ed  S 
be  und,  on  y  to  be  bought  at  the  Kentucky 

W)M.    The  2d  Duke  and  the  Athol  Duchess 

^4th,  that  was  taken  at  the  Kirklevington  dis- 


i  i 


wn 


266 


A    HISTORY   OF   SIIORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


persion  by  Mr.  Eastwood  at  £94  10s.  Colonel 
Towneley  had  bred  Duchess  54th  to  the  Booth 
bull  Lord  George  (10439),  a  white  bred  by  John 
Booth  at  Killerby  from  Fitz-Leoiiard  (7010) 
and  the  famous  Toy  cow  Birthday,  daughter 
of  the  celebrated  Bracelet.  Mr.  Alexander 
was  not  one  of  those  who  insisted  upon  strict 
breeding  "in  line."  He  liked  the  yearling 
that  resulted  from  this  "outcross" — 2d  Duke 
of  Athol — and  bought  him,  but  the  young  Duch- 
ess and  2d  Duke  were  left  for  a  time  in  Eng- 
land. To  a  service  by  the  2d  Duke  of  Athol 
or  Valiant  (10989)  Duchess  of  Athol  produced 
Duchess  of  Airdrie— so  called  from  the  Alex- 
ander family  estate  at  Airdrie  House,  Scotland 
— the  first  of  the  line  of  that  name  destined  to 
play  a  remarkable  role  in  American  Short-horn 
history.  Duchess  of  Athol  was  then  bred  to 
the  Duke  of  Gloster  (11382),  that  had  been 
bought  at  Lord  Ducie's  sale  in  1853  by  Morris 
&  Becar  for  $3,350,  with  the  understanding 
that  he  was  to  be  left  in  England  one  year 
before  being  shipped  to  America;  the  progeny 
this  time  being  the  red  -  and  -  white  bull  calf 
registered  and  afterward  famous  throughout 
the  Western  States  as  imp.  Duke  of  Airdrie 
(12730). 

The  Alexander  importation  of  July,  1853. 

— The   first  lot  consigned   for  Woodburn  in- 
cluded thirty-six  females  and  five  bulls,  which 


SECOND   PERIOD   OF   ACTIVITY. 


267 


were  forwarded  by  the  same  vessel  that  carried 
the  valuable  purchases  of  the  Northern  Ken- 
t    ky  to  m  18o3.    Few  cargoes  of  greater  ul- 
timate value  have  ever  been  discharged  upon 
American  shores  than  that  landed  after  this 
voyage  by  the  good  ship  Washington,  under 
he  command  of  Capt.  Duncan.    Hundreds  of 
herds  of  pedigreed  Short-horns  and  thousands 
ot  the  best  bullocks  ever  bred  in  the  Ohio  and 
Mississippi  Valleys  in  after  years  owed  their 
c.xcellence  in  a  large  measure  to  the  valuable 
blood  introduced  into  the  West  as  a  result  of 
the  two  consignments  brought  by  this  vessel. 
Among  the  animals  in  this  initial  shipment 
for  Woodburn  was  the  red-and-wliite  cow  Miss 
Hudson-bred  by  Wiley  of  Brandsby-belong- 
lug  to  a  tribe  originated  by  Mason  of  Chilton 
Several  of  her  daughters  wore  also  bought  by 
Mr.  Alexander,  and  from  this  foundation  sprang 
the  Miss  Wiley  and  Loudon  Duchess  families 
afterward  so  famous  in  Kentucky,  Ohio  and  the 
>Vest.    Other  cows  included  in  this  consign- 
ment were  the  Bell-Bates  Filbert,  a  roan  by  2d 
Cleveland  Lad,  Jubilee,  Jubilee  2d,  Joyful  and 
Juniata  of  the  "J"  Princess  family,  all  bred 
by  Mr.  Tanqueray;  Mi.ss  Towneley,  mainly  of 
Jm^es  b  ood;  Maid  Marion,  Beatrice.  Sweet 
Jl.uy,  Buttercup,  Niglitingale  and  Grisi,   by 
.rand  Duke  of  Bokleu's  breeding.    Among  the 
bulls  were  Lord  .John  (11278),  a  roan  by  Nor- 


268 


A  HISTORY  OF  SHORT-HORN  CATTLE. 


I    ^    I 

I'' 
f  1 


IS 

li' 


V  i 


folk  (9442),*  and  Fantichini  (12862),  bred  by 
Fawkes  and  tracing  to  Fair  Sovereign,  by  Sir 
Thomas  Fairfax. 

Subsequent  shipments  to  Woodburn  Farm. 

— During  the  years  immediately  following  Mr. 
Alexander  purchased  and  imported  thirty-two 
head  of  cows,  heifers  and  bulls  from  first-class 
English  herds,  bringing  out  along  with  them 
Duchess  of  Athol  and  her  daughter,  Duchess  of 
Airdrie,  and  son,  Duke  of  Airdrie  already  men- 
tioned. Also  such  cows  as  Pearlette,  red-and- 
white,  bred  ,by  S.  E.  Bolden,  sired  by  the  famous 
Booth  bull  Benedict  (7828);  Victoria  20th,  a  roan 
belonging  to  the  Mason  blood;  Filigree,  a  white 
heifer,  bred  by  Mr.  Saunders  and  sired  by  Abram 
Parker  (9856),  of  Booth  descent;  Lady  Gulnare, 
bred  by  Ambler  from  Mr.  Fawkes'  Booth  cow 
Gulnare  by  Norfolk  (2377);  Minna,  Constance 
and  Rosabella,  all  bred  by  Mr.  Fawkes  and  all 
sired  by  Bridegroom  (11203);  Lady  Derby  and 
her  dam,  the  Bell-Bates  cow  Forget-me-not; 
Lydia  Languish,  by  Duke  of  Gloster  (11382); 
Vellum,  bred  by  Sir  C.  Tempest,  sired  by  Abram 
Parker  (9856);  Lady  Barrington  13th,  bred  by 
R.  Bell  from  4th  Duke  of  York  (10167);  Abigail, 
sired  by  Loyalist  (10479),  and  Minerva  3d,  a  red 


*  This  Norfolk  should  not  be  confused  with  Norfolk  (2377),  that  has  been 
so  frequently  mentioned.  He  was  not  only  the  sire  of  Mr.  Alexunder's 
Lord  John  but  of  the  great  roan  cow  Duchess,  imported  by  the  Clinton  Co. 
(O.)  Co.  Ill  1854.  that  was  flrst-prlze  female  at  the  United  States  Cattle  Show 
at  Springfleld,  O.,  that  year. 


SECOND   PERIOD   OF    ACTIVITY.  269 

Owynne  cow,  and  lier  roan  heifer  Lady  Sher- 
wood,  by  5th  Duke  of  York 

In  additirm  to  the  Bates 'bulk  2d  Duke  of 

Athol  and  Duke  of  Airdrie  Mr.  Alexander  im- 

irl  r  n""'''''''?  ^^-  Buckingham  (144oT), 

ak  „  (15«J84),  a  red-roan  bred  by  Bolden    -om 

loth"      ''''^^""  «:-»d  »"ke  (10284)  and  th" 
00  h  cow  Fame    by  Ra.spberry;  The  Priest 

h    M  ""  ''"I,"  '"■''''  ^^  '''''«  ^"or  (13870)  out  of 
i-uwn  (10178);   Baron  Martin  (12444)   roan 

bull  Baron  Warlaby  (7813)  out  of  a  Mason  Vic- 
toiia  dam;  and  several  others 

mat'lw  t^T  'lu™  *''"  ^"P""^^  °f  the  sales 
made  by  the  Northern  Kentucky  and   Scott 

County  companies,  Mr.  Alexander  added  to  hs 

own  extensive  importations,  by  purchase   the 

grand  cows  Mazurka,   Maid  of  MeCe  and 

tqu,ty  and  such  bulls  as  Orontes  2d  and  Siri^s 

of  cati^To  °^  'T  ^"^'^  extraordinary  a  ay 
ot  cattle  for  several  years  the  Woodburu  herd 
lumbered  something  like  200  head  mcI  wis 

'       i  Nerth  America.  Indeed  it  is  doubt- 

weie  not  slow  to  take  advantage  of  this  valu- 


M 

1 

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i 
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:) 

.     i    1 

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i  ... 

SI    ( 

^  .^ 

!  1  : 

i 

i     ■: 

270 


A   HISTORY   OP   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


lliiij- 


able  materia],  and  in  a  subsequent  chapter  we 
shall  have  occasion  to  point  out  the  far-reacli- 
ing  effects  of  Mr.  Alexander's  importations" 
upon  Short-horn  breeding  in  the  Western 
States  for  a  long  series  of  years. 

Importations  by  the  Shakers. — In  1854  and 
1856  the  society  of  Shakers  at  Union  Village, 
Warren  Co.,  0.,  imported  about  eighteen  cows 
and  heifers  and  eight  young  bulls,  most  of  which 
were  from  the  fine  old  herd  of  James  Douglas 
of  Athelstaneford,  Scotland.  Among  the  cows 
were  April  ;^orn,  Violante  (with  white  heifer  Ata- 
lanta),  Marchioness,  Margaret,  Duchess,  Blanche 
(with  white  heifer  Lady  Blanche),  Farewell, 
Bellevue  and  Heroine,  all  from  the  Douglas 
herd.  Of  Mark  Stewart's  (of  Southwick)  breed- 
ing was  Hawthorne  Blossom,  and  from.  Mr. 
Hutchinson's  stock  they  obtained  the  roan 
Prize  Flower,  by  Prince  Charlie  (13503).  From 
Mr.  Douglas  they  also  bought  the  bulls  Captain 
Balco  (12546),  Morning  Star  (14962),  King  of 
Trumps  (14767),  Chancellor  (12579),  Hearts  of 
Oak  (14684),  Duke  of  Southwick  (14455),  and 
Hawthorne  Hero  (14682). 

In  1854  the  Shakers  of  Pleasant  Hill,  Ky., 

♦  Mr.  Ben  F.  Vanmeter,  who  afterward  became  a  prominent  breeder  in 
Ken'ueky.in  the  courae  of  a  recent  letter  to  theautl  Dr  says;  "  I  came  home 
across  the  Atlantic  with  Mr.  R.  A.  Alexander  In  1853  just  before  he  luade 
his  flr.st  importation  of  blooded  stock.  Ho  and  I  were  the  only  two  South- 
ern men  on  board,  and  although  I  was  then  only  nineteen  years  old  a  friend- 
ship sprang  up  between  us  which  continued  to  the  end  of  his  life.  I  con- 
sider that  he  was  the  greatest  benefactor  the  blooded-stock  Interest  has 
ever  had  In  America." 


SECOND   PERIOD   01'   ACTIVITY. 


271 


imported  the  bull  Duke  of  Cambridge  447 
lliey  had  many  years  previously  bought,  in 
counection  with  Hon.  Henry  Clav  for  «l  Wift 

the iniported  bi^l  Orozimbo 7^6,  and'^S bS 
oows  .raported  by  Mr.  Gambel,  via  NewOrleans 

James  S  Matson  (Kentucky)._l„  1852  J  S 

Matsou  of  Pans  Ky.,  imported  the  roan  two 

year-old  bull  John  o'  Gaunt  (11C21),  bred  by  J 

(11010)  of  Lord  Hill's  breeding.  The  former 
was  used  on  some  of  the  best  cows  in  the  StX 
including  a  number  of  Abram  Eenick's. 

wZr*  ^  ^*''f5^*  (OMo).-I„  1854  Messrs. 
WiLon  &  Seawright  of  Cincinnati,  0.,  imported 
«ie  bulls  Fair  Trader  1545,  Lord  Eglinton  1795 

lae  1  IJol,  and  heifers  Gaudy,  White  Stockings 
ferret  and    sidora.    This  same  firm  subfe-' 
qiu^ntly  imported   four  other  heifers,  two  of 
which  were  named  White  Rose  (both  white) 
one  Fanny  with  heifer  calf,  and  a  fourth  the 

Mason  and  Bracken   (Kentucky)  Associa- 

b  eedeis  organized  a  company  under  the  nam's 
the  Mason  and  Bracken  Counties  Import;:^g 

exanci,..   K.  Marshall  and   Heiirv  Smnot    ti,. 
■mrortation   being  landed  at  PhiladeSk  in 


I 


iW: 


272   A  HISTORY  OF  SHORT-HORN  CATTLE. 

June  of  that  year.  It  included  sixteen  cows 
and  heifers  and  five  bulls.  No  sale  was  made 
by  this  company  until  Oct.  1,  1859,  after  the 
financial  crisis  of  L>J7  had  swept  values  away, 
and  we  are  without  details  as  to  prices  ob- 
tained. They  were  doubtless  low.  Among  the 
females  were  tlie  foH owing:  Duenna,  roan  two- 
year-old,  bred  by  Mr.  Bolden  and  belonging  to 
a  Bell-Bates  family;  Diana,  roan  two-year-old, 
sold  to  J.  E.  French,  Mason  Co.,  Ky. ;  Alice,  red- 
and-white  two-year-old,  sired  by  Harbinger 
(10297),  sold  to  J.  C.  Humphrey;  Light  of  the 
Harem,  roan  two-year-old,  bred  by  Mr.  Fawkes, 
sold  to  B.  Jameson;  Lady  Macbeth,  two-year- 
old,  bred  by  Mr.  Fawkes,  sold  to  H.  Smoot; 
Jennie  Deans,  roan  two-year-old,  bred  in  Ire- 
land, sold  to  Messrs.  Durrett.  Among  the  bulls 
were:  Macbeth  (13266),  a  roan,  bred  by  Mr. 
Fawkes,  sired  by  Bridegroom  (11203);  Vatican 
12260,  a  roan,  bred  by  Earl  Ducie  and  sired  by 
Usurer  (9763);  Blandimar  19044,  a  roan,  bred 
by  Sir  Charles  Knightley,  sired  by  Earl  of  Dub- 
lin (10178)  and  belonging  to  the  Fawsley  Wal- 
nut tribe.  The  importation  did  not  leave  any 
special  impress  upon  Kentucky  Short-horn 
breeding. 

Livingston  Co.  (N.  Y.)  Association.—  A  num- 
ber of  well-to-do  farmers  and  cattle-breeders 
in  the  Genesee  Valley  of  New  York  formed  a 
company  in  1854  known  as  the  "Livingston 


SECOND   I'JSKIOU  OK   ACTIVITY. 


273 


County  Stock  Association,"  and  through  their 
agents,  Messrs.  David  Brooks  and  S.  L  Fuller 
imrcha.sed  in  Englan,!  tvventy-fonr  Shoii-horns' 
I  ..fortunately  ono-half  of  these  were  lost  dur- 
...ff  a  storm  at  sea.    Among  the  surviving  ani- 
mals were  the  bulls  Govo.-nor  2!)'22,  Usurper 
3..22  and  Bletsoe  2548,  and  the  cows  Music,  a 
loan  ot  the  Gwynne  family  bred  by  Mr  Tan- 
queray,  sired  by  Balco  (!)i)18);  Ho,,eless;  red- 
aud-white,  sii-ed  by  Horatio  (10335);  Lady  El- 
l..igton,  red,  sired  by  Broughton  Hero  (6811)- 
Medoi-a,  also  a  Gwynne,  by  Horatio  (1033.5V 
l.a.nix  2d,  red-roan,  by  Horatio  (10335);  Aus- 

nnl'^T/     in"'"-':;'"*'''  ^^   ^°'-'l    FoPPington 
(104o7)  and  Camilla,  red-roan  Gwynne  of  Tan- 

queray  s  breeding,  sired  by  Fusileer  (114i)9) 
Several  of  these  cows  passed  into  the  posses- 
sion of  Gen.  James  S.  Wadsworth  of  Geneseo 
ana  left  a  valuable  progeny.  Soon  after  this 
importation  was  made  the  bull  Governor  2922 
was  se.it  out  to  the  same  parties. 

Thomas  Richardson  (New  York)  — About 
the  year  1854  Thomas  Richardson  of  New  York 
tity  imported  some  Short-horns  along  with 
other  live  stock,  among  them  the  Duke  of 
Umbndge  (12746)  and  the  Booth-bred  cows 
Bijou,  by  Crown  Prince  (10087) ;  Fanella,  by 
Ba.-on  Waraby  (7813);  Fanny  Warlaby,  by 
^a..,es.re;  Harmony,  by  Crown  Prince;  Rachel, 
by  Hopewell  (10332),  together  with  Laura,  by 


% 

^m 

i 

i      ! 

Iltft 

274         A    HISTORY    OF    HJIOKT-JIOKN   CATTLR. 

Hector  (18002),  and  Liuly  Constance,  by  Lord 
Derby  (13179).  Tbroo  of  tho  Booth  cows  wore 
bred  by  Mv.  K.  (Hialoner,  Kings  Fort,  Ireland, 
and  one  by  Mr.  'Porr.  These  were  kept  on  Mr. 
Richardson's  farm  at  Westchester,  the  herd 
being  sold  soon  after  his  death,  which  occurred 
a  few  years  after  the  arrival  of  the  importa- 
tion. 

Dr.  H.  Wendell  (New  York).— In  1856  Dr.  H. 
Wendell  of  Albany  brought  out  an  importation 
of  four  cows  and  heifers  and  the  bull  Lord 
Ducie  6G2  -all  bred  by  U.  Dell  and  crossed  by 
Bates  bulls.'  The  red  Craggs  cow  Alice  Maud, 
by  Grand  Duke  (10284);  the  roan  Lady  Liver- 
pool, by  3d  Duke  of  York  (10166);  the  red-and- 
white  Aconib  heifer  Agnes,  by  Eaii  of  Derby 
(10177),  and  the  roan  two-year-old  Famous  (of 
the  Bell-Bates  Fletcher  tribe),  by  Earl  of  Derljy 
(10177),  were  in  this  shipment.  Agnes  was  in 
calf  to  Gen.  Caniobert  (12926)  and  dropped  the 
red-and- white  Duchess  of  Cleveland  after  im- 
portation to  that  service.* 

J.  0.  Sheldon  (New  York).  -Sheldon  of  Ge- 
neva, N.  Y.,  who  afterward  acquired  the  Tliorne 
Duchesses,  imported  in  1857  the  roan  yearling- 
Bates  Oxford  bull  Grand  Duke  of  Oxford  ( 161S4). 
bred  by  Capt.  Gunter  from  Oxford  11th;  the  red 

•Wo  have  nepU'ctcrt  to  list  in  its  proper  order  the  importation  of  tlie 
reil-and-wliltc>  cow  Lucy,  by  Young'  North  Star  (TA8i),  brought  Into  New 
Yorli  in  mni  Ijy  a  Capl.  S|)ronl.  Tills  cow  waa  bought  by  J.  S.  Berryman  of 
Fayette  Co.,  Ky.,  in  1338. 


SECOND    PEHIOI)   OF   ACTIVITY.  275 

I  f'^2,  l.re,l    ,y  .To,u,«  Wel.l.  a,„l  afterwanl 

r  ■'       M^-  ';•  ^'"*'^'"  "f  "I"'-:  "'"1  tlio  roan 
..■.  or  M,«s    !uU„rHy,  l,y  Master  Butto.Hy  2d 

"i.""*  ","^*'«a  I.y  Kins  ArtlMu- (l:,HO). 
K.  F.  Nichols  (Louisiana).  -In  mt,  Mr.  U  F 
N.clu,  ,s  of  New  Orleans  i„,porto,l  tl.e  tw„  roau 
cnw.s  Lady  Stanhope  2d  and  NightinKale  both 
sued  by  Whitakor  Con.et  (8771 X  A.sVo  where 
hoy  were  taken  and  as  to  what  progeny  they 
li'ft  we  are  not  advised.  '     s     j      dj- 

First  importations  into  Indiana.-We  have 
now  to  rocm-d  the  fir.st  direct  importation  from 

OIno.    In  1S38  Mr.  Chri.s.  Whitehead  of  Frank- 

v'v  "n,;l'7"";'f  *1^  ''™"  two.yea.-ol,l  bull 
f  ■  f  *  n?.'o^  '"''  ''^  *''••  ''''■'"l'"«t  and  got  by 
r.,tus  (1752)  out  of  Venns  by  Sir  Walter  (2038)- 
heoow  Yonng  Venus,  by  Hevellev  (2.-i29).  in  calf 
0  \ onng Grazier  (8»2!»)-the  progeny  being  the 
b^Eiyx  "  ''"^^-*'"1  heifer  Strawberry, 

In  the  year  1853  Dr.  A.  C.  Stevenson  of  Green- 
ca  tie,  Ind  imported  tour  heifers  and  two  young 
^"i«,  as  follows:  Bloom,  red-and-white  a  d 
V,oet  roan  both  bred  by  John  Emerso^  and 

Ms  Welbourn  a  roan  bred  by  Messrs.  Weth- 

11  sired  by  St.  .John  (27755),  and  Strawben-y 

5th,  red-roan,  bred  by  Mr.  Thornton  of  Staple- 


dliit. 


1 

pF 

^'1 

t  : 

ifi 

ill 

1                             '            r 

:    1 

276 


A    HISTORY   OF    SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


1 


ton,  sired  by  Deliverance  (11847).  The  bulls 
were  Prince  of  Wales  876,  a  roan  of  Mr.  Weth- 
erell's  breeding,  sired  by  Whittington  (12291)), 
and  the  roan  Fancy  Boy  492,  bred  by  Mr.  Thorn- 
ton, sired  by  Major  (11771). 

An  early  importation  to  Wisconsin.  — In 
1854  Mr.  John  P.  Roe  of  Waukesha  County 
brought  the  first  imported  Short-horns  into 
Wisconsin.  The  lot  consisted  of  three  or  four 
females  and  a  bull,  all  bred  by  George  Faulkner 
of  Rothersthorpe.  The  shipment  included  the 
red  cow  Sally,  by  Pilot  (24748);  the  two-year- 
old  red  heifer  Raspberry,  by  Protection  (1195G); 
red  yearling  heifer  Diana,  by  Dictator  (11356),' 
and  red  yearling  bull  Rothersthorpe  928,  by 
Dictator  (11356).  Rnspberry  was  in  calf  to 
Rothersthorpe,  and  dropped  the  red  heifer  Re- 
gina.    (See  Vol.  IT,  A.  H.  B.) 

Illinois  Importing  Co.— Prominent  among 
those  who  settled  at  an  early  date  upon  the 
fertile  prairies  of  the  State  of  Illinois  were  a 
class  of  men,  principally  from  the  State  of  Ken- 
tucky, who  not  only  brought  good  cattle  with 
them  but  advanced  ideas  as  to  the  value  of  good 
blood  in  the  maintenance  of  their  herds.  They 
found  the  grasses  and  grains  of  Illinois  quite  as 
well  adapted  to  beef-cattle  breeding  as  those  of 
their  native  State,  and  it  was  not  long  ])efore 
several  good  herds  of  Short-horns  were  estab- 
lished.    Chief  among  those  who  were  foremost 


?„'.aWB>taiHM^^^l^^^^i^^—BMI 


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SECOND   PERIOD   OF   ACTIVITY.  277 

ill  this  pioneer  work  with  Short-horiis  in  the 
newer  West  must  be  mentioned  the  late  Cant 
James  N.  Brown,  whose  magnificent  estate  of 
Grove  Park  m  Sangamon  County  still  remains 
HI  the  family  and  is  still  devoted  largely  to 
(^ttle-growing  and  feeding  operations.     Capt 
Brown  removed  from  Kentucky  in  the  yeai* 
1833  and  brought  with  him  some  good  Short- 
li(>rns  which  constituted,  we  believe,  the  earliest 
introduction  of  the  breed  into  the  Upper  Missis- 
sippi Vaey.     Soon  after  these  early  settlers 
founded  their  herds,  however,  the  great  depres- 
sion from  1840  to  1S50  settled  down  upon  the 
country  and  slow  progress  was  made  in  the  im- 
provement of  the  Illinois  cattle,  but  with  the 
revival  ot  interest  that  occurred  in  other  States 
in   he  fifties  the  enterprising  breeders  of  Cen- 
tral Illinois  resolved  to  undertake  in  earnest 
the  work  of  bringing  their  herds  up  to  the 
standard  of  those  that  had  existed  for  so  many 
years  in  Kentucky  and  Ohio.    Accordingly  in 
the  year  1857  a  syndicate  was  formed  for  the 
purpose  of  making  a  direct  importation  from 
England. 

Capt.  James  N.  Brown  was  the  master-spirit 
ot  this  organization,  and  the  whole  project 
would  have  failed  had  he  not  consented  to  act 
ns  one  of  the  agents  for  the  purchase  of  the 
''Httle  on  the  other  side.  Messrs.  H.  C.  Johns 
and  il.  Jacoby  were  selected  to  act  as  his  assist- 


^  ,,  '2*1* 


m 

ilifi  III  : 

f|" 

m  ' 

■  'i 

■I 

e 


278 


A  HISTORY  OF  SHORT-HORN  CATTLE. 


ants.     They  proceeded  to  Great  Britain,  and 
after  careful  examination  of  many  of  the  lead- 
ing herds  in  England,  Scotland  and  Ireland  they 
purchased  ten  bulls  and  twenty-one  cows  and 
heifers.    These  were  shipped  on  the  sailing  ves- 
sel Georgia,  which  had  a  stormy  passage  of  some 
sixty  days'  duration.    Three  bulls  and  one  heifei 
died  at  sea,  but  the  rest  were  duly  landed  at 
Philadelphia  in  July,  1857.    Following  the  prac- 
tice of  their  predecessors  in  the  older  F  ates  the 
stockholders  decided  to  divide  up  the  cattle 
through  the  medium  of  an  auction  sale.     It  was 
first  agree<' ,  in  order  that  the  full  benefit  of  this 
importation  might  accrue  to. the  State  of  Illi- 
nois, to  bar  all  bidders  from  other  States.    The 
sale  w^as  held  on  the  local  fair-grounds  at  Spring- 
field Aug.  27, 1857,  and  attrac  ed  widespread  in- 
terest.    There  was  not  only  a  great  attendance 
from  Illinois  but  numerous  breeders  were  pres- 
ent as  spectators  from  adjacent  States.     It  was  a 
great  event  in  the  early  agricultural  history  of 
the  West.*    It  was  an  exciting  day  at  Spring- 

♦To  IJr.  Wnilam  Brown,  son  of  the  late  Capt.  James  N.  Brown,  tho 
author  is  Indebted  for  a  copy  of  tho  orife-inul  catalogue  of  this  memorable 
sale,  tho  title-page  of  which  roads,  "Catalogue  of  Pure-Blooded  Short- 
Horned  Cattle,  also  Horoes,  Sheep  and  Hogs,  owned  by  the  Illinois  Import- 
ing Association."  The  horses  scorn  to  have  conslslod  of  a  throo-yc.ir-oW 
Cleveland  Bay  stallion,  a  two-year-old  Thoroughbred  stallion  ;'nd  ;i  bhick 
rrhoroughbred  mare  that  unfortunately  died  before  the  sale.  Th.>  .ili.K-p 
consisted  of  Cotswold.i  and  Soulhdowns.  the  latter  mainly  from  tlie  flock 
of  Jonas  Webb,  th.-  breeder  of  the  bull  King  Alfred,  to  be  mentioned.  The 
swine  consisted  of  TUTk.shircs  frori  the  herds  of  E.  liowly  of  Siddiiigton, 
Hewer  of  Hlghworth  ,ind  others,  and  of  Irish,  Cumberland  and  Yorkshire 
pigs,  all  purchased  in  the  Emerald  Isle. 


SECOND    PERIOD    OF   ACTIVITY.  279 

field,  and  fortunately  for  the  company  (hut  per- 
haps unfortunately  for  the  individual  buyers  at 
the  sale)  the  event  occurred  a  few  weeks  before 
the  alarming  financial  panic  of  1857  overtook 
the  business  interests  of  the  Nation. 

In  view  of  the  fact  that  this  was  the  primal 
auction  sale  of  Short-horns  in  the  Western 
country  it  will  be  of  interest  to  produce  here- 
with a  full  report: 

BULLS. 

Defender  (12687),  roan  three-year-old;  bred  by  A  Cruick- 
shauk,  Sittyton,  and  the  first  bull  from  that  afterward 
celebrated  herd  brought  to  America ;  sired  by  Matadors 
(11800) -A.  G.  Carle,  Champaign  County  m  500 

Admiral  2473,  red  two-year-old,  bred  by  Lord  Talbot  of  Ire-     ' 
laud,  sired  by  Chrisp's  Phoenix  (10608;  out  of  the  Booth- 
crossed  cow  Maid  of  Moynalty  by  Beau  of  Killerbv  (78»1 ) 
-S.Dunlap&Co ^^    '''>  2 

Argus  (14103),  roan  yearling,  bred  by  H.  Combe ;"  sired  by     ' 
Beau  (13182)  out  of  Annie  by  Broughton  Hero  (6811)   a 
roan  i    "  illustrated  on  page  25,  Vol   VI,  Coates'  Herd 

wT;,     '"'•^  ^y  ^"'^^^'^  H«ro  (3338)-George  Barnett, 
Will  County 

King  Alfred  (14760),  red  two-year-old,  bred  by  Jonas' Webb      ' 
sired  by  Cheltenham  (12588) ;  dam  Heart's  Ease  by  Lord 
of  the  North  (11743) -Brown,  Jacoby  &  Co.,  Sangamon 
couiity 

Dubloon  3833K,  red  yearling;  bred  by  J.  Topham,' Ireland- 

r    ,T.L^^^'''"^°^^^^*^^^-W.  lies,  Sangamon  County  1075 
Goidftnder20303<;,  roan  buU  calf,  bred  by  H.  Imbler;  sired 
by  Grand  Turk  (12969) ,  that  was  imported  by  Mr,  Thome 
-J.  C.  Bone,  Sangamon  County.  ^^n 

Master  Lowndes  SUO^,  roan  two-year-old,' sired  by 'Be'llel 

rophon  (11165)-J.  H.  Spears,  Menard  County. 725 

cows  AND  HEIFERS. 

Rachel  3d,  roan  two-year-old,  bred  by  S.  E.  Bolden  •  sired  bv 
Duke  of  Bolton  (13738,,  a  Bates-topped  Bootli  buU;  dam 
he  Booth-bred  Rachel  by  Leonard  (4210),  tracing  to  the 
Halnaby  foundation- Jas.  N.  Brown,  Sangamon  County  $3,025 


280   A  HISTORY  OP  SnORT-HORN  CATTLE. 

Emerald,  roan  yearling;  br.d  by  T.  Barnes,  Wcstland,  Ire- 
laud  ;  sired  by  the  Booth  bull  Hopewell  (10332)  ;  dam  Ruby 
by  Royal  Buck  (10750),  running  to  Mason's  Lady  Sarah 
—J.  C.  Bone 3^35 

Empress,  roan  two-year-old,  bred  by  Edward  Bowly  of  Sid- 
dington,  sired  by  To  •  -  ,  h  Duke  (13892) ;  dam  Flippant, 
by  Bourton  Hero  {'.:>  mry  Jacoby 1  joj 

Western  Lady,  roan  two-^  .  old,  bred  by  H.  Ambler,  sired 
by  Grand  Turk  (12969)*;  dam  Wiseton  Lady  by  Humber 
(7102),  running  through  Earl  Spencer's  herd  to  a  Mason 
foundation— Capt.  James  N.  Brown  1,325 

Lady  Harriet,  roan  three-year-old,  bred  by  A.  Cruickshank 
and  the  tirst  Sittyton-bred  cow  brought  to  America ;  sired 
by  Procurator  (10657),  dam  Countess  of  Lincoln  by  Dia- 
mond (5918) ;  bulled  by  Lord  Sackville  (13349)— J.  H. 
Jacoby,  Sangamon  County j  300 

Fama,  red-and-white  yearling,  bred  by  S.  E.  Bolden,  sired 
by  imp.  2d  Grand  Duke  (10284)  and  tracing  to  Booth's 
Faroe— J.  H.  Si)ears  &  Co.,  Menard  County i,o.')0 

Pomegranate,  roan  yearling,  bred  by  Rev.  T.  Cator,  sired  by 
Master  Charley  (18312) ;  dam  Cassandra  by  Norfolk 
(9442) ,  a  granddaughter  of  Fawkes'  Fair  Maid  of  Athens 
by  Sir  Thomas  Fairfax,  running  to  Booth's  Isabella  by 
Pilot— T.  Simpkins,  Piko  County ".      975 

Stella,  roan  four-year-old,  bred  by  E.  Bowly,  sired  by  Snow- 
storm (12119)— Mr.  Bonnman,  St.  Clair  County 935 

Perfection,  red  yearling,  bred  by  A.  Cruickshank,  sired  by 
The  Baron  (13833),  dam  Model  by  Matadore  (11800)— E. 
B.  Hill,  Scott  County ggy 

Adelaide,  roan  yearling,  bred  by  A.  Cruickshank,  sired  by 
Matadore  (11800),  duui  Edith  Fairfax  by  Sir  Thomas 
Fairfax  (4196) -R.  Morrison,  Morgan  County 825 

Minx,  red  yearling,  bred  by  J.  Christy  of  Ireland,  sired  by 

Lord  Spencer  (13251)-J.  G.  Loose,  Sangamon  County  . .      800 

Bella,  roan  five-year-old,  bred  by  E.  Bowly,  sired  by  Cali- 
fornia (10017)— J.  Ogle,  St.  Clair  County 750 

Violet,  roan  yearling,  bred  by  Jonas  Webb,  sired  by  Young 

Scotland  (13681 )  -Col.  J.  W.  Judy,  Menard  County 700 

Constance,  roan  two-year-old,  bred  by  E.  Bowly,  sii.d  by 

Snowstorm  (12119)— George  Barnett,  Will  County 700 

♦Grand  Turk  waa  a  bull  of  Immenbe  size,  and  for  a  blp  one  (pntoas 
sniooihly  put  together  as  could  bu  expected.  He  was  imported  to  New 
York  by  the  Thorues.    See  page  24T. 


SECOND    PERIOD   OP   ACTIVITY. 


281 


675 


675 


Cassandra  2d,  roan  two-vear-old    h^.^  u     t, 

sired  by  Master  Charley  ,^0^'^'^^  ^^"'  '^-  ^ator; 
cowMedorabyAmbrHr^     ,'*"""  ^°  ^^^  ^ooth 

Empress  Eugenie    rod  nn^^     v,  7'^^^'  ^^^^^'"ou  County. . 
Ambler,  ^sir":^'  ^^^^Z^^rSZT  ''''  ^^  «• 
Cberry   by  Waterloo    .LdaTion^^-^^^^^^^ 

Coquette,  roan  yearling,  bred  bv  p"  r^^,' \""-"': 

mist  ai425)--GeorSBa™e'tl  wm^ot            '^  ^^^^°- 
Lily,  white  two-year-old,  bred  bv  F   RnV,  1       •  "\ ^^O 

storm  n2119)-George  Barnett  ''  "'"^^  ''^  ^^"^^'- 

r  bulls  sold  for.  %,r8r    ^^'"'"'"'""'^ 500 

20  females  sold  for . ! ! ! ' ' ' '  2o1r5 !  ^°  ^'''''^"  °' ^^'554 

^r  animals  sold  for ' ' '  31  455 .'  1 '  r'"'"'^''  ''^ ^-O^S 

<>i,4oo ,  an  average  of  1  ,«► 

-^^,.  i.lo5 

Witli  the  single  exception  of  the  imnortp^ 
c<>\v  Mazurka,  for  which  Mr  R  '"^,  "^P^^f  ^ 
had  ivnVI  «'^nr^A    4.  .,     XT  •  ^*  Alexander 

naa  p<ucU.J,OoO  at  the  Northern  Kentucky  Im 
porting  Co.'s  sale,  the  purchase  of  RacM  2d  by" 
Ca,.    Brown  at  $8,025  represented  h^-wlter 
mark  up  to  that  date  for  a  Short-horn  female 

t  ''T".  f'  '^  ^^^'^h  ^^^erica.  Th L  cow  s 
I  e..nbed  to  us  by  Col.  James  W.  Judy  as  '4 
nch  roan,  rather  leo-o-y  m/ifp  lo..  +i  i 

what  lUrhi-  ,•     ,1    *F',^  ,      ^^'^^^^^^^"^some- 

Fo^luee  that  p.-oved  fruitful'  SlSr 


282 


A    HISTORY   OB^   SHOUT-HORN   CATTi.E. 


■Ill, 


of  any  consequeiico.  While  Emerald  was  per- 
hajjs  the  best  iiulividiial  cow  sold,  Western 
Lady  was  easily  the  most  valuable,  as  subse- 
quently demonstrated  by  the  large  and  excel- 
lent tribe  she  gave  to  the  Western  States.  Car- 
oline was  out  of  condition  on  day  of  sale,  but 
proved  to  be  a  good  purchase.  Among  the  bulls 
King  Alfred  of  Jonas  Webb's  breeding  was  un- 
doubtedly the  most  valuable  although  not  the 
highest-priced.  While  he  was  preferred  by 
some  as  an  individual  to  any  other  bull  in  the 
lot,  yet  a  majority  of  those  in  attendance  re- 
garded Admiral  and  Defender  as  the  two  show 
bulls  of  the  importation. 

Founding  of  the  American  Herd  Book.— 
America  was  practically  without  a  public  ped- 
igree registry  for  Short-horn  cattle  until  1855. 
The  late  Lewis  F.  Allen  of  Black  Rock,  N.  Y., 
had,  it  is  true,  issued  the  small  initial  volume 
of  the  American  Herd  Book  in  1846,  but  at  that 
early  date  few  breeders  could  be  found  to  take 
an  interest  in  the  project,  and  the  entries  w^ere 
limited  largely  to  the  pedigrees  of  such  stock 
as  Mr.  Allen  was  personally  familiar  with— no- 
tably animals  owned  in  New  York,  Pennsylva- 
nia and  New  England.  It  w^as  not  untii  the 
second  volume  was  issued  in  the  autumn  of 
1855  that  the  breeders  of  this  West  came  to  the 
support  of  the  register.  Prior  to  that  time 
some  of  the  leading  breeders  and  importers 


SECOND    PERIOD   OF    ACTIVITY.  2H'S 

mcy,  then-  own  private  records,  sho'wnK  he 
l-neage  of  their  stock.  Another  htrl'e  class 
preserved  no  detailed  account  of  the  hreedC 
f  their  cattle,  or  handled  their  recoX  o  lot? 
ly  as  to  render  them  of  Httle  value 

It^^indeodanappallingtnskthatconfronted 
Mr.  Allen  at  the  outset  of  h.s  undertaking     It 

"  umJbTrT  "■'1'="'^-^  than  had%ee 
issumed  by  Cxeoi-ge  Coates  in  Yorkshire  .some 
Inr^  years  previous.  Coates  could  throw  tl 
addlebags  uix,n  his  old  white  "  nag "  and  og 
about  among  the  breeders,  within  a  day's  jou,^ 
ney,  at  his  con venience.    Moreover  he  h- d  the 

ack.    Ml    Allen  had  to  collect  the  data  of 
If  a  century  of  breeding  i„  the  new  world 
the  stock  being  mainly  i„  the  possession  of  peo-' 
pie  unaccustomed  to  the  preservation  of  pedi- 

a  g  eat  number  of  people  in  widely-separated 
•States;  scattered  in  fact  throughout  an  emoire 
extending  from  New  Eng,a„d%o  the  SS 

WfS'  TA  ^,f  'T"  V'alifications  for  the 

^e    i-n  .,  ,     f ."'"  '''■'"^""^'  Short-horns  him- 

lua  nl         'f  '"^'''  ""^'  -^"J^y^^  tl"'  personal 
acquaintance  of  a  number  of  Eastern  impoit- 


i;'! 


I 

is 


HI 


I 


'•11 


284 


A    TIISTOUY    OK    SITORT-TIOUX   CATTF-K. 


I':. 


i 

trial 

rral 

j^^^K^i . 

1  i:   '  ■ 

^-'  if  it ). 

er..,  incliidiug  such  men  as  Col.  I'owel,  F,  M. 
Rotcli  and  others.  The  first  volume  was  issiie.i 
during  the  dei)ression  of  the  "forties."  In  the 
meantime,  a  committee  of  breeders  had  been 
appointed  in  Kentucky  to  investigate  and  col- 
lect the  pedigrees  of  Short-horns  bred  in  that 
State.  The  results  of  this  committee's  investi- 
gations were  not  published,  but  supplied  a  basis 
for  further  research. 

When  Mr.  Allen  undertook  the  second  volume 
of  the  book,  after  the  revival  of  the  "fifties," 
he  met  with  good  encouragement,  the  book 
ultimately  appearing  in  the  autumn  of  lSr)5 
with  something  like  8,000  pedigrees.*  The  lead- 
ing breeders  of  the  West  had  joined  with  those 
of  the  East  in  placing  the  work  squarely  upon 
its  feet.  Pedigrees  were  forwarded  from  Ken- 
tucky by  such  men  as  Edwin  U.,  Benjamin  C. 
and  George  M.  Bedford;  Dr.  II.  J.  Breckenridge, 
0.  H.  Burbidge;  Brutus  J.,  Cassius  M.,  M.  M. 
and  H.  Clay  Jr.;  Silas  Corbin,  the  Messrs.  Cun- 
ningham, R.  T.  Dillard,  Messrs.  Dudley,  Jore 
and  William  II.  Duncan,  J.  P.  Fisher,  John 
Allen  (Jano,  the  Garrards,  James  and  Reuben 
Hutchcraft,  C.  W.  Innes,  George  W.  Johnson, 
J.  G.  Kinnaird,  Samuel  D.  Martin,  James  S. 
Matson,  Abram  and  James  Renick,  the  Shakers, 
the  Shropshives,  the  Vanr^eters,  Warfields  and 
others.     From  Ohio  came  the  pedigrees  of  the 

•This  total  includes  utock  recorded  as  pro:Uior>  under  dams. 


SECOND   PEUIOD   OK   ACTIVITY. 


285 


.atth.  of  snHi  l„-ee.l,.i-s  ,«  J.unes  R.  Anderson, 
bzra  ^'"'J  Walter  T.  Carpenter,  1{.  (i.  Crwin 
MuK..,  Walter  A  an.l  Robert  0.  I)„„;  Jame 

Uivm  ami  WiUuim  Harrokl;  R.  Jackson,  Wil- 
luin.  i\eff  Jacob  Pierce;  Felix  W.,  George  and 
Harness  Remck;  M.  L.  Sullivant,  the  Shakers 
ot  Imion  Village,  Allen  Trimble  and  Alexander 
V,  addle    Prom  the  farther  West  pedigrees  were 
received -uidicating   that   the    Short -horns 
were  gradually  working  their  way  toward  the 
)l.ss,ss.pp,  Ei ver-frora  such  men  as  Hon.  John 
VVeutworth  of  Chicago;  Capt.  James  N.  Brown 
and  James  D.  Smith  of  Sangamon  Co.,  Ill  • 
.eorKe  Barnett  of  Will  Co.,  111.,  and  Gen.  Sol 
-MenHhth  ,,f  Cambridge  City,  Ind.    The  East 
n.ntrdmted  largely  from  such  herds  a.s  those  of 
jUHuel  Thorne,  S.  T.  Taber,  S.  P.  Chapman, 
M..ss,^.Cowles  and  Haines  of  Connecticnt,  Wil- 
liam Kelly  of  New  York,  Paoli  Lathrop  of  Mas- 
jachu.sette,  John  R.  Page  of  New  York,  J.  A 
I  oole  of  New  Jersey,  T.  P.  Remington  of  Penn- 
.^ylvania,  and  J.  T.  Sheafe,  J.  M.  Sherwood,  Lor- 

Xew  Y^lrk'"^''  '^'"'"'°"'  ^^""""'^  a"''  "thers  of 
The  records  .set  forth  in  these  initial  volumes 
e  e  not  m  all  cases  complete.     Errors  and 

i  r'?r  "''P*  '"•  ''"*  "'«  foundation  was 
■  I.  Quickly  recognizing  the  necessity  of  such 
public  registration,  breeders  generally  co-oper- 


J  , 


if  1 1 


1 


Mi 


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If 

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f'  ;; 
i  ■ 

i 
i 

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i 

2S()        A    IIISTOKY    OF    SHOUT-IKMIN    (ATTLK. 

ated  in  the  work  and  tho  herd  book  soon  at- 
tained National  support.  Tt  was  ('ontiniifd  as 
a  private  enterprise  by  Mr.  Allen  until  ISSI], 
when  it  was  purchased  hy  the  American  Short- 
horn Breeders'  Association. 


i 

1 

'11 

.     ..-.'rrnsji  J:    . 

':['-':; 
Ma^ 

It 

( 

■  ! 

CHAPTER    XI. 


SOME  HISTORIC  KENTUCKY  STOCK. 

Thus  far  our  story  has  of  necessity  dealt 
mainly  w,th  foundation  facts.  We  have 
sketched  briefly  the  upbuilding  of  the  breed 
m  Its  native  land  and  have  now  outlined  the 
importations  that  formed  the  basis  of  breedins 
operations-  m  the  United  States.  We  na.s.s 
therefore,  at  this  point  to  a  con.siderationf 
the  more  important  results  flowing  from  the 
e.xtensive  introduction  of  English  blood  already 

We  have  shown  that  the  Gough  &  Miller 
Sanders,  Powel,  Dun  and  other  early  importa- 
tions were  utilized  to  the  fullest  possible  extent 
m  deve  oping  cattle-feeding  as  a  leading  indu  - 
ry  m  the  Ohio  Valley.    The  descendlits  of 
those  importations  were  bred  before  the  days 
of  h  Id  books  and  "fashions"  purely  for  the 
,.™  ,cal  business  i.,rpo.ses  of  the  farm  and 
teeil-lot.    As  illustrating  the  absence  of  preiu- 
d!ce  against  the  blood  of  the  older  imnorta- 
;:7 '"  «- early  dr,ys.  it  may  be  m^^oned 
li.  t  at  a  sale  held  by  Samuel  Smith  in  Ken- 
tiH'ky  Sept.  11,  1838,  (l,e  Mrs.  Motte  ("Seven- 

(887) 


1 

1 

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! 

1 

-    ',t 
i    ■  i 

i  ' 

1 

1 

i 

1 

LL, 

..^ 

L 

Ik^^^ 

288 


A   HISTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


teen")  cow  Cleopatra,  by  Accommodation 
(2907),  brought  $1,230,  and  her  daughter  Ellen, 
by  the  great  Powel  bull  Oliver  (2387),  |1,285~ 
the  latter  bought  by  Dillard  &  Ferguson.  The 
bull  Oliver  Keene,  only  five  months  old,  fetched 
$1,000  from  William  P.  Hume.  At  same  Scde 
Dillard  &■■  Ferguson  got  imp.  Adelaide  at  $1,;]75, 
and  imp.  Beauty  of  Wharfdale  went  for  $755. 
For  imp.  Mary  Ann  and  calf  Richard  Jackson 
and  B.  P.  Grey  paid  $2,100.  Evidently  th- 
home-bred  stock  was  as  good  as  the  imported. 
This  fact  i^  also  proved  by  the  show-yard  rec- 
ords of  that  period.*  It  is  apparent  from  the 
ratings  in  these  competitions  that  the  "Seven- 
teens"  were  of  good  form  and  character,  and 
that  the  Kentucky  breeders  had  kept  pace  up 
to  the  time  of  the  Ohio  Co.'s  operations  with 
the  work  of  their  brother-breeders  in  Britain. 

*  At  the  fair  at  Lexlng-ton,  September,  1834,  the  judges— H.  Clay,  James 
Renlck,  Jacob  Hughes,  Isaac  Vanmeter  and  W.  P.  Hume— certainly  very 
competent  men— assigned  t  he  prizes  as  follows :  Aged  bulls— "Seventeena" 
both  first  and  second;  two-year-olds— "Seventeena"  both  first  and  second; 
yearlings— "Seventeens"  both  first  and  second;  bull  calves-first  to  a  "Sev- 
enteen," second  to  a  Patton.  Aged  cows— first  to  Imp.  Caroline  (by  Liiish- 
wood),  second  to  a  Powel  cow;  two-year-olds— "Seventeens"  both  first  and 
second;  yearlings— "Seventeens"  both  first  and  second;  calves— "Seven- 
teena" first.  Dun  Importation  second.  In  1835  about  the  same  result  was 
recorded.  The  old  stock  won  seven  first  prizes  and  six  second  prizes,  the 
newly-imported  stock  one  first  prize  and  two  seconds.  Coming  down  to 
1839,  at  the  Lexington  Fair  that  year  the  first-prize  aged  bull  came  from  the 
Smith  and  Dun  Importation;  two-year-old,  from  the  Ohio  Cv/.'s;  yearling, 
from  Dun's;  calf,  Ohio  Co.'s;  two-year-old  heifer,  Ohio  Co.'s;  yearling, 
"Seventeen";  cow  calf,  "Seventeen."  In  1840:  Aged  bull,  Powel;  two- 
year-old,  Ohio  Co.;  yearling,  Ohio  Co.;  calf,  "Seventeen";  aged  cow,  "Sev- 
enteen"; two-year-old,  "Seventeen";  yearling,  "Seventeen";  calf,  "Sev- 
enteen." In  1841:  Aged  bull  (late  importation),  Letton's;  two-yeaMld, 
Letton's;  yearlings,  H.  Clay';  aged  cows,  "Seventeen";  two-year-old,  Ohio 
Co.;  yearlinsr,  Letton's;  calf,  Ohio  Co. 


SOME    HISTORIC    KENTUCKY    STOCK. 


2S9 


Such  bulls  as  Mr.  Sutton's  Frederick  575,  Capfc 
VVarfielcl's  Pioneer   819,   Mr.   Wasson's  Otley 
(4682),  Mr.  Vanmeter's  Charles  Colling  333,  Dr 
Kinnaird's  Patrick  Henry,  Capt.  Warfield's  Oli- 
ver (2387)  and  Cossack  (3503),  Cunningham  & 
Co.'s  Goldfinder  (2066)  and  Mr.  Renick's  Para- 
gon of  the  West  (4649)  were  prominent  among 
the  early  prze-winners.     Such   cows  as   Dr 
Kinnaird's  Olivia,  Mr.  Dun's  Caroline,  Mr.  Let- 
ton's  lanthe,   Mr.  Vanmeter's  Hannah  More, 
Capt.  Cunningham's  Catherine  Turley  and  Capt! 
Warfield's  Helen  Eyre,  Ellen  Ware  and   the 
never-beaten  Caroline  would  be  a  credit  to 
any  modern  show-ring.    Large  numbers  of  the 
prize  animals  were  sired  by  Oliver,  Goldfinder 
and  Cossack. 

With  the  various  shipments  of  the  Ohio  Co., 
Vail,   Stevens,   Morris   &   Becar,  Thorne,   the 
Northern  Kentucky  Co.  and  R.  A.  Alexander, 
and  the  establishment  of  the  herd  book,  the 
question  of  "caste"  was  projected    into   the 
trade.     Time-honored  strains  were  presently 
sneered  at  by  some  who  had  invested  in  the 
blood  of  the  later  importations.     Bates  and  his 
followers  had  inoculated  some  of  the  American 
buyers  with  the  idea  of  a  select  Short-horn  ar- 
istocracy based  upon  the  "only  bloods  at  all 
likely  to  doanybody  any  good";  and  the  Amer- 
ican competition  at  the  Diicie  sale,  together 
with  the  prices  paid   by  Mr.  Thorne  for  the 


19 


Mflif 


290 


A.    HISTORY   OF    SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


iiittilfii 


Grand  Dukes  and  the  Morris  &  Becar  cattle, 
had  attracted  very  general  attention  to  the 
Bates- bred  sorts. 

A  new  era  dawns.— By  the  time  Mr.  Alex- 
ander brought  the  first  Duchess  blood  to  Wood- 
burn  the  herds  of  Kentucky  had  attained  a  higb 
degree  of  excellence.     Untrammeled  by  fash- 
ion, prejudice,  line  breeding  and  other  latter- 
day  problems  the  brothers  James  and  Abram 
Renick,  the  Vanmeters,   Warfields,   Bedfords, 
Clays,  Jere   Duncan,    Dr.    Breckenridge,  and 
their    contemporaries   on   both  sides   of   the 
Ohio  River,'  had  developed  their  cattle  along 
practical  lines  until  they  would  bear  favorable 
comparison  with  the  parent  herds  of  York  and 
Durham.     They  had  been  free  to  follow  the 
dictates  of  their  own  individual  judgment,  re- 
gardless of  color,  blood  lines  or  aught  else- 
save  the  one  paramount  consideration  of  the 
practical  utility  of  their  stock.    They  were  sell- 
ing breeding  animals  to  go  into  Ohio,  Virginia, 
Indiana  and  Illinois,  and  with  the  creation  of 
the  great  herd  at  Woodburn  the  position  of 
Kentucky  as  the  center  of  Short-horn  breeding 
activity  in  America  was,  for  the  time  being, 
well  assured. 

With  the  advent  of  Mr.  Alexander's  Bates 
Duchess  bull  imp.  Duke  of  Airdrie  (12730)  a 
new  era  may  be  '^-id  to  have  dawned  in  West- 
ern Short-horn  breeding.    Notwithstanding  the 


SOME   HiSTOKIC   KENTUCKY   STOCK.  291 

I^tionln*^'  *^°  •''^he.st-priced  cows  sold  at 
auction  in  America  prior  to  the  Civil  War- 
.mp  Mazurka  and  imp.  Rachel  2d-were  repre- 
tentative  of  Booth  blood  the  cross  of  tlfe  D„ke 
of  Airdne  upon  the  Kentucky-bred  cows  proved 
so  satLsfactory  that  the  Bates  cattle  stSt 
way  attained  a  widespread  popularity     ZtZ 
herds  of  the  Central  Westithe  present  seat  of 
Short-horn  power  in  America-were  primariW 
founded  by  purchase,  mainly  i„  KentuX  af    r 
he  Duke  of  Airdrie's  use,  it  will  be  of  interest 
to  note  briefly  the  main  facts  concerning  Us 

tosrv^'thft^v""'  <'2^30).-It  isnottoomuch 
to  say  that  this  impressive  Bates  Duchess  sire 
.<!  more  to  shape  the  course  of  Short-hZ 
n-eeding  in  the  West  during  the  twenty  year 

lul  ot  that  period.  It  w  11  be  rememberpH 
fee.  pages  266-268)  that  Mr.  AlexandeTbrougM 
h  m  to  Kentucky  in  September,  1855.  He  was 
a  hat  time  two  years  old.  He  was  imm^d^ 
ately  put  in  service  in  Mr.  Alexander'  mas 
".  ;-ent  herd  of  cows  and  there  had  an  e"trf 

vdmary  opportunity.    In  March.  1857  he  was 
e    or  a  year  to  George  M.  Bedfo.;i  of  8,^^01 
County,  under  a  contract  permitting  the  bu^ 

.■TxaS.  TTh'  i"'  '^  ■"'  --  of  »1.S 
'11.  A  exander,  with  his  usna   genero-^itv  ner 

.n.tted  substitutions  in  cases  whl-e  cowl  faM 


.).  : 


292 


A    HISTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN    CATTLE. 


to  stand,  so  that  nearly  fifty  calves  were  se- 
cured during  the  year  he  was  on  hire  from 
Woodburn.  His  get  from  the  earlier  service  at 
Woodburn  proved  of  extraordinary  merit,  but 
his  work  while  at  Mr.  Bedford's  was  even  more 
remarkable.  While  in  Bourbon  County  he  was 
permitted  to  serve  some  cows  for  Abram  Ren- 
ick  and  Maj.  Jere  Duncan,  and  it  was  for  years 
asserted  that  these  services  from  the  Duke  of 
Airdrie  fairly  made  the  reputation  of  the  three 
breeders  named. 

Individually  Duke  of  Airdrie  was  perhaps  not 
the  equal  of  his  sire,  Duke  of  Gloster  (11382), 
that  was  imported  liy  Morris  &  Becar  into  New 
York.  He  inherited  from  the  Duke  a  lot  of 
quality  in  addition  to  long,  level  hind  quarters 
and  the  fault  of  prominent  hips;  but,  like  old 
Gloster,  he  proved  a  wonderfully  successful  sire 
of  good  bulls.  He  was  probably  not  above  the 
average  in  size,  with  a  short,  well-carried  head, 
rather  strong  horns  and  smoother  shoulders 
than  his  sire,  with  an  exceptionally  straight  and 
level  top.  He  would  probably  be  considered  at 
the  present  time  as  rather  too  high  from  the 
ground,  a  characteristic,  by  the  way,  that  has 
not  been  held  to  be  so  objectionable  by  many 
of  the  Kentucky  breeders  as  by  their  brethren 
of  the  North  and  West.*    He  was  never  kept  in 

*The  late  Goii.  Sol.  Meredith  of  Iiulianii  ouee  visited  Kentucky  to  see 
among-  other  noted  animals  the  .•f4,8')0  bull  imp.  Challcnfrcr  (14252),  of  Uucic's 
breeding,  a  Bon  of  the  4th  Duke  of  York  (10167),  owned  by  the  Vanmetera 


SOME    HISTORIC    KENTUCKY    STOCK.  293 

high  condition.  No  portrait  was  ever  made 
of  him  in  hLs  prime,  l,„t  about  six  months  be- 
fore hi,s  death,  when  lie  was  very  low  in  flesh, 
Mr.  John  E.  Page  of  New  York  executed  an  oi 
mmting  of  him.  from  a  copy  of  which  the  pic- 
ture m  this  volume  has  been  prepared. 

George  M.Bedford's  lease  of  "The  Duke" 
-As  one  of  the  original  demonstrators  of  the 
Uuke  of  Airdrie'.s  outstanding  value  as  a  sire 
some  account  of  George  M.  Bedford's  career 
as  a  breeder  will   be  of  interest.    He  be<ran 
aliout    1828  with  the  Long-horns  and  oX 
ciosscs,  together  with  some  Patton  stock.    In 
838  he  purchased  at  Gen.  Garrard's  sale  the 
Seventeen"  bnll  Eclipse,  for  which  he  paid 
.he  sum  of   $688.*    I„  1842  Mr.  Bedford  ac- 
quired an  interest  in  the  cow  Rosabella,  out  of 
.mp.  Rose  by  Skipton,  which,  bred  to  Sir  Al 
frejl  969  (he  by  Rose  of  Sharon's  only  son  Par- 

er.s  wore  not  preH,..it    but  tlU  hlnH  ,     "  '■"'^""^'  "'*^  ^''^^'^  t''^'  owu- 

himself  w,.s  porO  ovT  sTx  n^    ,"  n'"""^*^'  ""^'  "^  '''''  Vanmeters,  wh^ 
t>-"  Gonoral  was  t  Iroul^  .a.  a  Md  S"' "'"? ''^ '''"^  "■•^"^"'1^  ^vaitin^  till 

wh.U  Co  you  think  of  him-     Tl  L  ^  l,',?'.  'TV''"''  '"•"  "  ^'^°««  '<^°^- 
>"B  points,  and  after  m emlonini  Hw^i  '":,'  "'"""'"'  *''«  ^""  *"  ™a»y  of 

the  bull  was  '.  raiherToo  lil   L     f,    ^""^'^"J*^''  ^i'  ^'-'-^In?  that  ho  thought 

-  the  toweri.i.i'ri:.:r  '£  c  °"veriTr"r.i;;„f:  ^""'"^*^'-'  ^-^'"--^ 

'ho  .ronnd  that  shonld  And  that  objlcUon  ;o  tht  bull  ■  *  '""'  ""  '"'*  """^  «° 

•"■<-- S.W.    Indeed  ti^b^J^'^i'jfi^^^ff        ""  "^^^  "Seventeen" 
«oulU  eonipar.  wi,,,  t  u-  bos    IhorM  J       ^    ■^'■«'- -V-ars  how  Exception 

-on,  siM  Should  ^^^.:::^str::z:is^j:^z^  ™^-^^ 


"1 

i 

1 

1 

Ii 

■'■! 

'"  '  ~  ■ 

294 


A  HISTORY  OF  SHORT-HORN  CATTLE. 


Mlh 


■  ■  i 

1 

1 

J 

: 

agon  of  the  West  out  of  a  daughter  of  Mr 
Dun's  imp.  Red  Rose  by  Ernesty),  produced 
the  prolific  white  heifer  California,  from  which, 
by  the  use  of  such  bulls  as  D'Otley  4JJ2,  King 
Cyrus  609,  etc.,  Mr.  Bedfoixl  bred  his  afterward 
celebrated  family  of  Brides.  About  1853  he 
bought  three  females  descended  from  Abrani 
Renick's  imp.  Harriet;  and  about  the  same 
time,  in  connection  with  Messrs.  Clay  and  Dun- 
can, purchased  the  imported  bull  Diamond  at 
the  Northern  Kentucky  Co.'s  sale  at  $6,000. 
This  proved  ^n  unfortunate  investment,  as  Dia- 
mond failed  to  breed.  The  red  bull  King 
Cyrus,  bought  of  Mr.  Renick,  was  sired  by  Ren- 
ick  903  out  of  a  granddaughter  of  imp.  Har- 
riet, and  pro\'ed  a  remarkable  stock-getter.* 
Tn  1S54  Mr.  Bedford  and  Abram  Renick  had 
bargained,  at  the  United  States  Cattle  Show  in 

•  In  connection  with  tlie  Illustration  of  King:  Cyrus,  which  appears  at 
page  lOfi,  Vol.  II,  of  the  American  Herd  Book,  a  pood  story  Is  told.  If  the 
reader  win  look  at  this  picture,  It  will  be  seen  that  just  behind  the  bull's 
fore  legs  and  above  his  back  are  th(?  faint  outlines  of  another  picture  wliich 
has  been  practically  obliterated  by  the  engraver.  The  other  picture  was 
that  of  a  negro  herdsman  who  had  been  In  Mr.  Bedford's  employ  for  many 
years.  King  Cyrus,  wlien  being  shown,  had  a  habit  of  "  humping "'  his  back, 
and  the  colored  herdsman  upon  such  occasions  would  Invariably  be  found 
busy  with  his  cloth  rulibing  him  down,  as  strangn-s  would  suppose.  In 
reality  he  was  pinching  the  bull's  back  to  keep  It  straight.  Mr.  Page  went 
to  Mr.  Bedford's  to  sketch  the  bull.  In  allowing  the  drawing  to  cerlain 
other  breeders  oneof  tlie  party,  with  a  view  toward  a  little  fun,  said:  "The 
picture  is  all  right,  but  it  would  be  nmch  improved  if  you  would  sketch  tlie 
'  darky,'  who  always  .shows  him,  with  his  hand  on  the  bull's  back."  Pafro 
thought  this  would  make  a  good  background  and  sketched  In  the  picture  of 
the  herdsman  After  the  picture  was  engraved  and  sent  to  Mr.  Bedford  lie 
of  covtrse  took  great  offense  at  what  had  been  done,  and  when  Page  fouml 
there  was  something  wrong  he  "squared"  himself  as  best  he  could  by 
having  the  herdsman's  figure  obliterated.  He  drew  no  more  pictures,  how- 
ever, for  George  M.  Bedford. 


SOME    HISTORIC   KENTUCKY   STOCK. 


295 


u  ?l  T  n  3'''''-  ^''''^^^'  ^«r  *he  imported 
Booth  bull  Warrior  (12287),  but  for  some  rea- 
.^on  the  sale  failed  to  go  through.  The  incident 
IS  of  interest  as  illustrating  the  fact  that  at 
that  date  the  great  Kentucky  breeders  had  not 
acquired  that  fondness  for  Bates  blood  that 
afterward  characterized  their  breeding  opera- 
tions. 

At  the  time  the  Duke  of  Airdrie  was  hired 
by  Mr.  Bedford  he  owned  a  small  herd  of  Har- 
riets, Brides,  Britannias  and  the  cow  Goodness 
3d,  by  Senator  2d.   The  cow  last  named  dropped 
to  the  Duke  of  Airdrie  the  1st  and  2d  Duch- 
esses of   Goodness,  from   which  Mr.  Bedford 
bred  his  remarkable  family  of  that  name.    Mr 
Bedford  was  considered  one  of  the  best  judges 
not  only  of  breeding  cattle  but  of  steers  (of 
which  he  fed  a  large  number  in  his  time),  and 
it  may  be  remarked  in  passing  that  he  consid- 
ered imp.  Goodness  (of  Mason  blood)  of  the 
Northern  Kentucky  Co.'s  importation  of  1853 
as  the  best  cow  of  that  famous  importation 
although  Mazurka  outsold  her  by  |1,000.    He 
was  so  delighted  with  the  Dui'3  of  Airdrie'sget 
that  he  afterward  purchased  from  Mr.  Alexan- 
der the  first  bull  calf  sired  by  the   Duke  at 
Woodburn-Bell  Duke  of  Airdrie  2552,  out  of 
Lady  Bell  by  2d  Duke  of  Athol.     Bell  Duke  of 
Airdrie  had  a  remarkable  career  in  the  show- 
nng,  winning,  among  other  notable  prizes,  the 


9«^ 


L'^M) 


A   HISTORY    OF    SHORT-JlOKN    CATTLE. 


i 


$1,000  sweepstake  at  St.  Louis  in  1858  and  the 
championship  at  same  show  in  I8G0.  The  Har- 
riet cow  Atossa,  by  King  Cyrus,  to  a  service  by 
the  imported  Duke  dropped  flrand  Didve  29-33, 
that  was  also  a  St.  Louis  winner  as  a  two-year- 
old. 

Mr.  Bedford  was  a  man  of  very  decided  con- 
victions and  prejudices  aud  was  not  always 
consistent,  lie  became  a  great  opponent  of 
the  "Seventeens"  and  found  fault  with  the 
breeding  of  some  of  the  Louans.  At  the  same 
time  his  own  cattle  of  that  family  had  the 
cross  of  Dun's  imp.  Red  Rose  by  Ernesty;  while 
his  beautiful  Brides  and  his  Zoi'as  went  direct 
to  Rose  by  Skipton.  It  was -largely  on  account 
of  Mr.  Bedford's  caustic  criticism  of  these  other 
strains  that  the  late  Mr.  Parks  of  Glen  Flora 
(Illinois)  raised  the  question  of  the  purity  of 
the  breeding  of  the  Dun  importation — a  strik- 
ing exemplification  of  the  fact  that  people  who 
occupy  glass  houses  should  not  throw  stones  at 
their  neighbors'  roofs.  George  M.  Bedford  was 
an  eminently  successful  producer  of  good  cat- 
tle, but  the  love  of  Bates  blood  engendered  by 
his  successful  use  of  the  Duke  of  Airdrie  and 
his  sons  finally  drew  him  into  unfortunate 
pedigree  specu  itions  in  that  line  of  breeding. 

Jere  Duncan  and  Duke  of  Airdrie  2748.  - 
Prominent  among  the  great  bulls  sired  by  imp. 
Duke  of  Airdrie  while  at  Mr.  Bedford's  was  Maj. 


80MB   HISTOKIO   KENTUCKY  STOCK.  297 

Joie  Duncan's  Duke  of  Ainliie  2743.    Duncan 
was  the  originator  of  a  fiin.ily  of  cattle  kn,.wn 
|is  ti.e  Louans.  that  playe.l  a  prominent  part  in 
<»lMo  Kentucky  and  Western  breeding  herds 
aud  show-rings  for  many  years,  gaining  many 
<'lianipionsh,p   prizes  and  commanding  great 
pnc^s     The  original  cow  of  that  name  was 
lued  by  George  H.  Williams  and  was  sired  by 
.mp.  Otley  (4fi32).    She  produced  eight  calve^ 
n.c  uding  the  famous  .show  bull  Perfection  810 
»old  to  E  G.  Bedford.     I„  Duncan's  hands  was 
u'ul'vr'  '^■"■'y  °7°^«1  o'-igin  known  as  the 

.    o7«       J   """^  ^^^"'^  2d  857  and  Sir  Al- 
d  969,  and  one  of  the  Ruby  cows,  bred  to  the 

Wi     '  "^'"'^V^  *''"  ^''""■"'  P"^«  «ovv  Nannie 
noted  bulls  of  his  time,  and  was  bred  by  Dr 

U  e.st  4(.4  ))  and  the  handsome  and  prolific  Red 
Ose  (by  Ernesty)  cow  Mira.  He  was  sold  when 
abou  two  years  old  to  Messrs.  Bedford  of  Bou  " 
l>on  County,  and  was  described  as  a  light  roan 
«ith  straight  top  and  bottom  lines,  good  head' 
smooth  shoulders,  fine  heart-girth  broad  ribs' 

vaTiaWe"'  nf  '«-',  1"-*«-     He' sired  ma^ 
aluable  cattle  while  in  Bourbon  County  in- 

eln,ling  Mr.  Bedford's  cow  California,  alTe'aX 

i-.entioned,  but  owes  his  fame  largely  to  W 

«.e  WUhams.    Sir  Alfred  was  ownfd  for  a  time 


Ml. 

I*  1  Ij  r. 


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HiiWWN 


298        A    HI8T0KY    OP^    SIIOKT-HORN   CATTLE. 

by  James  S.  Duncan,  son  of  Maj.  Duncan,  but 
becoming  "breecby"  wjis  givon  to  a  relative  in 
Tennessee  and  died  wliile  en  route  to  tbat  State. 

Duke  of  Airdrie  274:],  dropped  by  Nannie  Wil- 
liams in  February,  1858,  to  a  service  by  imp. 
Duke  of  Airdrie,  proved  a  first-class  sbow  bull, 
winning  a  championsbip  as  a  two-year-old  at 
the  Bourbon  County  Fair  in  ISOO.  He  was  sec- 
ond at  the  Ohio  State  Fair  the  same  year  and 
second  at  the  United  States  Fair  as  well.  As  a 
three-year-old  ho  swept  the  decks  at  the  Fay- 
ette, Bourbon  and  Harrison  Co.  (Ky.)  Fairs,  and 
in  1863  was  first-prize  and  champion  bull  iit  the 
Kentucky  State  Show.  In  1866,  at  eight  years 
of  age,  he  won  first  prize  as  the  best  aged  l)ull 
at  the  Bourbon  County  Fair.  One  of  his  sons, 
Duncan's  Airdrie  5615,  a  Louan,  was  a  first-prize 
and  champion  bull  at  the  leading  Kentucky  and 
Ohio  shows  from  1865  to  1873;  but  as  a  sire  Dun- 
can's Duke  was  specially  distinguished  as  a 
heifer-getter,  fairly  making  the  reputation  of 
the  Louans;  specimens  of  which  for  many  years 
were  great  prize-winners  at  leading  shows. 
He  was  the  bull  to  which  Mr.  Warfield  bred 
Miss  Wiley  4th,  securing  from  that  service  the 
great  show  cow  Loudon  Duchess  2d. 

Abram  Renick  and  Airdrie  2478.— None 
profited  more  largely  by  the  services  of  imp. 
Duke  of  Airdrie  than  Mr.  Abram  Renick,  who 
sent  his  Kose  of  Sharon  show  cow  Duchess,  by 


SOME    HISTORIC    KENTUCKY   STOCK. 


21)1) 


Buoiui  Vi«ta  299,  to  be  bred  to  th(^  Woodburn 
\)uh\  The  issue  was  t)ie  celebrated  Airdrie 
2478— tlie  bull  that  made  the  reputation  of  Mr. 
Keiiick  and  his  Rose  of  Sharon  tribe. 

Ahiam  Rouick,  who  was  of  the  same  family 
as  the  Oliio  Renicks,  had  been  a  member  of  the 
ori^niial  Ohio  Importing  Co.,  and  bred  Short- 
lioins  for  a  numljer  of  years  in  connection  with 
his  bi'other  James.     They  owned  imp.  Harriet, 
imp.  Illustrious  and  imp.  Josephine,  and  had 
boii^dit  in  Ohio  the  heifer  Thames,  by  Shake- 
speare 901  out  of  Lady  of  the  Lake,  daughter 
of  imp.  Rose  of  Sharon  by  Belvedere— for  whicli 
row  .Ml-.  Renick  piiid  Mr.  Bates  in  p]ngland  $700. 
K loni  Thames  descended  the  entire  Renick  Rose 
<»f  Sharon  family.    The  l)lood  of  these  Ohio  cows 
was  moi-e  or  less  intermingled  during  the  ear- 
liei-  years  of  Mr.  Renick's  breeding.     That  of 
imp.  Illustrious  was  utilized  through  the  me- 
aiiini  of  such  bulls  as  Young  Comet  Halley 
ll'}4    and    Ashhmd    220;   the    Harriet    blood 
th rough  Pilot  817,  and  that  of  imp.  Josephine 
through  Buena  Vista  299,  the  inbred  Josephine 
Renick  903  and   General  Winfield  Scott  530. 
Rose  of   Sharon's    blood    came    in   not  only 
through  her  granddaughter  Thames  but  in  the 
hull  hue  through  the  imported  cow's  only  son 
Piiragon  of  the  West  (4(549).    Thames  had  been 
bred  m  1845  and  1S4()  to  Prince  Charles  2d  801, 
tracHig  to  imp.  Blossom  by  Fitz  Favorite  (1042).' 


Il  f 


III 


300 


A   HISTORY    OF   SHORT-HORN    CATTLE. 


The  progeny  in  the  one  case  was  the  heifer  Red 
Rose  and  in  the  other  the  heifer  Dorothy.  Ked 
Rose,  bred  to  Ashland,  produced  the  roan  Poppy 
in  1849,  and  she  in  turn,  bred  to  Renick  903, 
gave  birth  in  1853  to  the  light  roan  heifer 
Norah.  Red  Rose  bred  to  Buena  Vista,"  pro- 
duced in  1850  the  red-and- white  heifer  Duch- 
ess, that  afterward  became  the  dam  of  Airdrie 
2478.  A  few  cows  were  also  bred  to  the  Tan- 
queray  bull  John  o'  Gaunt  (11621),  imported 
into  Bourbon  County  by  Mr.  Matson  in  1S52. 
To  a  service  by  this  bull  Duchess  produced  in 
1853  the  heifer  Ophelia.  These  cows  were 
among  the  noted  matrons  of  the  Rose  of  Sha- 
ron family  in  the  Renick  herd. 

Airdrie  2478  was  a  red,  with  little  white,  of 
only  medium  size.  In  good  thrifty  breeding 
condition  he  weighed  about  1,900  lbs.  at  full 
maturity.  He  was  repeatedly  shown  by  Mr. 
Renick,  but  was  never  made  fat  enough  to 
weigh  more  than  2.100  lbs.,  although  he  could 
have  been  made  to  carry  2,200  lbs.  in  excess- 
ively high  flesh.  He  was  very  symmetrical  in 
conformation;  smooth,  neat  and  stylish,  with 
no  serious  faults.  Airdrie  may  safely  be  listed 
as  one  of  America's  greatest  progenitors  of 
valuable    Short-horns;    imparting    finish   and 

•Buena  VlstH's  air?  was  the  grand  bull  Cossack,  alias  Julius  r,T>sar 
(3503),  bri'il  by  Mr.  Clay  anfl  sold  to  B.  Warficld.  Cossack  (;i5(i;i)  w,is  by  Coa. 
sack  (1880),  bred  by  Richard  Booth  at  Studley  from  the  old  Killerby  Mobs 
Bose  tribe. 


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SOME    HISTORIC   KENTUCKY   STOCK.  301 

quality  with  a  rare  degree  of  uniformity  to  his 
jHogeny.    Like  his  sire,  the  imported  Duke 
he   was    more   impressive   as   a    stock-getter 
than  as  an  individual  animal.    Duncan's  Duke 
of  Airdrie,   as  already  noted,  proved  a  won- 
derful  heifer-getter,  but  Airdrie  2478  gained 
Listing  fame  as  a  sire  of  bulls.     He  was  used 
by  Mr.  Renick  for  a  period  of  about  twelve 
years  to  tiie  fullest  possible  extent,  the  only 
himt  to  his  service  in  the  herd  being  placed 
upon  his  own  daughters,  some  of  which  were 
atterward  bred  with  success  to  the  13th  Duke 
of  Airdrie  5535;  the  splendid  cow  Poppy  5th 
..eing  thus  produced.     For  several  generations 
none  but  sons  and  grandsons  of  Airdrie  or  imp 
Duke  of  Airdrie  were  kept  in  service 

Airdrie  a  bull- breeder. -Among  Airdrie's 
greatest  sons  may  be  mentioned  Sweepstakes 
b--^0,  afterward  famous  in  the  show  herd  of  Mr 
Pickrell  of  Illinois;  Joe  Johnson  10294;  the  in- 
hred  Airdrie  3d  13320  out  of  Duchess  2d  by  Pi~ 
U)t--all  Rose  of  Sharons;  and  Vanmeter's  Dick 
Taylor  5508  and  Airdrie  Duke  5306;  both  great 
hoifer-gottcrs,  out  of  the  Young  Phyllis  cows 
luith  and  Ruth  2d.     Sweepstakes'  remarkable 
career  in  the  West  will  be  noticed  further  on 
Joe  Johnson  was  almost  a >c  simile  of  Sw^eep- 
siakes,  the  only  difference  being  tliat  the  for- 
mer was  rather  a  finer  bull.     They  were  both 
exceedingly  successful  in  the  show-yard     Joe 


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302   A  HISTORY  OF  SHORT-HORN  OATTLE. 

Johnson  once  g  lined  a  champion  prize  at  the 
Bourbon  County  Fair,  with  something  over 
twenty  bulls  in  the  ring,  probably  as  good  a  lot 
as  were  ever  shown  at  one  time  in  the  State.* 
About  the  only  objection  that  was  urged 
against  either  of  these  bulls  was  their  color. 
The  "craze"  for  red  cattle  was  already  setting]; 
in,  and  both  Sweepstakes  and  Joe  Johnson  had 
too  much  white  to  suit  the  public  taste.  They 
had  white  spots  to  the  extent  of  perhaps  one- 
fourth  of  their  entire  color.  Airdrie  3d  was 
quite  a  successful  show  bull  also.  Had  he  been 
as  perfect  behind  as  he  was  in  front  he  would 
have  been  fairly  invincible.  At  one  time  bulls 
sired  by  Airdrie  were  gaining  prizes  at  all  of 
the  best  fairs  of  Kentucky,  Tennessee,  Missouri 
and  Illinois  almost  without  defeat. 

Inbreeding  of  the  Rose  of  Sharons.— Mr. 
Renick  was  so  pleased  with  the  results  of  Air- 
drie's  use  that  he  adopted  a  comprehensive 
course  of  in-and-in  breeding,  using  his  sons  and 
grandsons  upon  the  herd  for  many  years  with 
great  success,  attracting  the  attention  of  the 
entire  cattle-breeding  world.  John  Thornton, 
the  veteran  Short-horn  salesman  of  England, 

*  Joe  Johnson  was  a  successful  prize-taker  in  Kentucky,  and  also  stood 
at  the  head  of  the  $300  prize  herd,  composed  wholly  of  Rose  of  Sharons,  at 
the  Ohio  State  Fair  of  1870.  He  was  the  sire— among  other  high-priced  cat- 
tle—of the  heifer  Duchess  10th,  sold  In  1872  to  Earl  Dunmore  at  $5,000.  He 
represented  a  double  cross  of  imp.  Duke  of  Airdrie,  having  been  sired  by 
Airdrie  2478  out  of  Cordelia  by  Dandy  Duke  2691.  The  latter  was  a  red-roan 
bull  Mr.  Benick  had  secured  by  breeding  Eaaterday  (daughter  of  Poppy) 
bv  Pilot  817,  to  Imp.  Duke  ol  Airdrie  (12730) 


SOME    HISTORIC   KENTUCKY   STOCK. 


303 


who  visited  America  after  the  Airdrie  blood  had 
been  thoroughly  concentrated  in  the  Renick 
herd,  said: 

;•  I  saw  the  bull  Airdrie,  rising  thirteen  years  old,  a  magnificent 
animal,  not  too  large  but  exceedingly  symmetrical,  TySh  and 
handsome,  with  a  splendid  head  and  fine  masculine  Ih^vJ^^ 
The  cows  and  heifers  were  called  from  the  fierdrby  a  lot  o^ne^oTs 
-men,  women  and  children-and  it  was  wonderful  to  obseryrthe 
smgular  uniformity  and  great  excellence  of  the  cattle  as  they 

Th   htf'r        ^  .TT ""'  *^"  ^^^'^  ^^^^^  '^^y  «tood  to  be  milked 
The  heifers  mostly  by  Airdrie,  were  splendid  animals,  combinW 
great  length,  elegance  and  sweetness  of  character  wihrTchfui! 
colors  roan  or  red  hair,  good  form  and  great  substance.    Some  of 
the  Oder  cows  were  thinner  and  slightly  lame,  owing  asTlll 
sa.d,  to  the  thick  cornstalks  fastening  in  their  hoofT    The  calves 
were  also  good,  and  two  or  three  young  bulls  were  of  great  prom 
ise.    Seeing  how  very  superior  this  herd  was  and  howdose'v^t 
was  in-and-in  bred  I  was  induced  to  ask  Mr.  Renick  hlteclme 
to  take  such  a  course.    He  told  me  he  took  up  the  herd l)oks  and 
saw  what  Colling,  Mason  and  other  earlv  breeders  bad  Tt     ^ 
he  thought  he  would  do  the  same  thing;  hisrefghlL  thorhth 

::z  of^t .  >;^^^'  "^  ^^ — --  -  ^:!^^:^j^ 

At  the  time  of  Mr.  Thornton's  visit  (1869) 
every  animal  in  the  herd  was  of  Mr  Renick's 
own  breeding.  Not  only  that,  but  their  dams 
grandams,  great-grandams  and  even  great- 
grtat-grandams  had  been  bred  on  the  farm- 
certainly  a  fact  unique  in  the  history  of  Short- 
horn breeding  in  the  United  States.  For  years 
he  declined  to  part  with  any  Rose  of  Sharon 
teraales  at  any  valuation,  but  latterly  high 
prices  tempted  him  to  do  so.  He  has  generally 
been  regarded  as  one  of  the  greatest  construe- 
ive  breeders  ever  identified  with  Short-horn 
breeding  m  America.     A  disciple  of  Thomas 


304 


A    HISTORY   OF    SHORT-HOKN    CATTLE. 


jiW 


Bates,  and  like  that  famous  breeder  without 
immediate  family,  Mr.  Renick  was  thoroughly 
devoted  to  his  cattle  and  made  them  the  sub- 
ject of  his  most  untiring  personal  attention.* 
He  was  always  partial  to  the  golden -skinned 
yellow-reds,  and  insisted  that  Short-horns  of 
that  color  were  invariably  better  feeders  and 
possessed  more  quality  than  the  dark  reds,  in 
which  contention  he  had  the  unanimous  acqui- 
escence of  the  most  experienced  breeders.  Of 
hJs  subsequent  purchase  and  use  of  the  4th 
Duke  of  Geneva  we  shall  have  occasion  to  speak 
elsewhere.  The  mingling  of  the  Duchess  blood 
with  that  of  the  Rose  of  Sharons,  thus  reunit- 
ing the  Bates  lines,  proved  in  this  case  a  suc- 

•  visitors  at  shows  where  Mr.  Renick  was  exhibiting  his  cattle  were 
very  apt  to  find  him  feedlner  or  currying  his  stock  with  his  own  liiuuls.  He 
was  particularly  wrapped  up  in  old  Airdrie,  and  upon  such  occafllons  would 
usually  be  found  near  him.  Perhaps  the  best  show  Mr.  Renick  ever  made 
was  the  year  that  the  Kentucky  State  Fair  was  held  in  Bourbon  County.  He 
had  an  exhibit  in  nearly  every  ring  and  never  came  out  without  a  ribbon, 
usually  a  blue  one.  In  some  classes  he  gained  both  first  and  second.  One 
of  the  best  exliibits  he  made  at  this  show  was  for  a  prize  for  bull  with  live 
or  six  of  his  get.  He  had  taken  Airdrie  up  out  of  the  pasture  without  prep- 
aration, and  with  him  and  his  progeny  won  the  group  prize  over  a  number 
of  competitors.    Airdrie  was  then  eight  or  nine  years  old. 

Speaking  of  this  event  Mr.  Ben  F.  Vanmeter  siiys:  "I  do  not  think  I 
ever  saw  Mr.  Renick  enjoy  a  day  more  than  he  did  this  one.  As  he  came 
out  of  the  ring  leading  old  Airdrie  a  gentleman  from  Ohio  sent  an  intimate 
friend  of  Uncle  Abe's  to  me  with  a  request  that  I  go  with  him  to  boo  if  we 
could  not  get  a  price  on  the  old  bull.  I  told  him  it  was  a  waste  of  time,  but 
lie  insisted  and  we  went.  We  readily  found  Mr.  Renick,  and  my  friend 
Taylor  lost  no  time  in  broaching  the  subject.  The  old  man  was  at  first  al- 
most ready  to  take  it  as  an  insult.  Then  he  suspected  us  of  playing  a  joke 
on  htm.  Taylor  finally  told  him  that  he  conBldered  the  bull  nearly  worn 
out,  but  was  satisfied  that  his  Ohio  friend  would  give  $1,000  for  him.  The 
old  man  then  straightened  himself  up  two  cr  three  inches  above  Ills  nor- 
mal height  and  with  his  fist  tightly  closed  and  eyes  fiashlng  exelalmod: 
"  A  national  ba„k  can't  buy  him!    If  I  outlivr-  him  he  will  die  mine." 


SOME    HISTORIC   KENTUCKY   STOCK.  305 

ce^ful  operation;  a  fine  illustration  being  seen 
m  the  case  of  the  celebrated  pair  of  "Genfvas  " 
Mninies  Duchess  of  Geneva  and  Poppy's  Duch- 

Geneva       Th        f""^^'"  '''"^  ^^  ^d  Duke  of 

show  vavd  '  ^"tr"'^''  ^^'^  ^  remarkable 

show-yaid    career,    "Little    Geneva"  usually 

w.nning  the  blue  ribbon  and  her  larger  sis  er 
e  red  whenever  exhibited.    They  i4ly  ow- 

616(1  their  coloi-s  in  any  company.  ^ 

The  Vanmeters.-The  State  of  Kentucky 

Z  of  Z?;r  '"'T'"''  distinguished  fern' 

Messrs  Booth  r  .''T''''™  ''^'>'  ^^^^  t^e 
ta.y  love  for  the  cattle  and  for  several  succeed 
2  generations  bred  Short-horns  w'th  a  ]Xh 
degree  of  skill  and  intelligence.  We  have 
a  ready  noted  the  prominent  part  pVayed  by 
Messrs.  George,  Felix  and  Abram  Eenick  and 
may  now  mention  the  Vanmeters  as  wo    hy  o 

rixni  shTtT'^  T'"'"*«'^  --"She 

To  tCM  W    ;  •"■"  ^f'^""S  •»  *'>«  West. 
10  tliem  the  West  is  indebted  for  the  Yonno. 

Marys  and  Young  Ph^  llises  to  be  found  l^af 
mast  every  good  herd.  ^' 

About  the  year  1817  Mr.  Isaac  Vanmeter  who 
wa.  a  native  of  Hardy  Co.,  Va.-in"he  vaHe; 

U»iial]»8ooil.  "'  ""  'a've«.  bin  they  were  .iB.iriiloexoeD- 


IH'i 


306        A    HISTORY   OP   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 

of  the  South   Branch  of   the  Potomac — emi- 
grated to  Kentucky  and  soon  afterward  mar- 
ried a  daughter  of  Capt.  Isaac  Cunningham, 
another  Virginian  who  had  purchased,  early  in 
the  present  century,  the  farm  and  some  of  the 
stock  of  Mr.  Matthew  Patton,  who  had  intro- 
duced the  Gough  &  Miller  blood  into  Kentucky. 
The  elder  Vanmeter  and  Capt    Cunningham 
formed  a  partnership  for  the  purpose  of  carry- 
ing on  farming  aud  cattle-breeding  operations 
in  Clark  Co.,  Ky.,  and  in  1834  they  took  stock 
in  the  newly-organized  Ohio  Importing  Co.,  ac- 
quiring from  that  company's  selections  imp. 
Young  Mary,  with  heifer  calf  Pocahontas;  imp. 
Young  Phyllis,  with  heifer  calf  Catherine  Tur- 
ley,  and  imp.  Lavinia,  together  with  the  bull 
Goldfinder  (2066).    Capt.  Cunningham  also  pur- 
chased an  interest  in   imp.  Matchem  (2283). 
Prior  to  this  time   Messrs.  Vnnmeter  &  Cun- 
ningham had  bred  for  some   twenty  years  a 
large  herd  principally  descended  from  the  orig- 
inal Patton  siock,  upon  which  had  been  used, 
among  others,  the  noted  bull  Rising  Sun.*    La- 

»  Capt.  Cunningham  died  In  IS42.  making  tho  eons  of  his  daughter,  Mrs, 
Solomon  Vanmeter,  executors  of  a  good  estate,  Solomon  Vanmeter  died  in 
1854,  leaving  his  son,  Ben  F.  Vanmeter,  then  but  twenty-ono  years  of  age, 
sole  executor  of  an  estate  quite  as  large  as  that  left  by  Capt.  Cuniiiiiffham. 
Mr.  Ben  F.  Vanmeters  elder  brother.  Solomon,  who  died  at  forty  ywirs  of 
age,  proved  himself  also  a  most  cap;ible  breeder  and  when  the  Northern 
Kentucky  Importing  Co,  was  organized  In  18,")a  ho  was  selected  as  Clark 
County's  representative  upon  the  conimittee  sent  to  Enghmd  to  buy  the 
cattle  constituting  that  momorablo  purchase.  Ben  F,  Vanmelor  was  a 
mere  lad  at  this  date  attending  college  at  Danville,  Ky,  Learning  of  the 
proposed  expedition  to  England  after  cattle,  he  pleaded  earnestly  to  be 


SOME   HISTORIC   KENTUCKY   STOCK.  307 

vinia,  after  producing  a  bull  calf,  died,  but 
Young  Phyllis  and  Young  Mary  proved  among 
the  most  useful  cows  of  the  breed  ever  brought 
to  America.  As  in  the  case  of  the  Renick  herd 
the  blending  of  the  blood  of  these  Ohio  Co 
cows  with  that  of  imp.  Duke  of  Airdrie  re- 
sulted in  the  production  of  an  excellent  class 
01  cattle. 

.1  ^°"^^,^^y"is.-This  cow  ranked  as  one  of 
the  best  of  her  day  in  America.     In  fact  she  has 
repeatedly  been  called  the  best  of  all  Short- 
horn cows  of  her  time  owned  in  the  State  of 
Kentucky.    Unfortunately  she  died  young,  leav- 
ing but  three  or  four  calves.    She  produced,  be- 
sides Catherine  Turley,  a  heifer  named  Eliza 
Woods  by  Matchem,  and  the  prize  bull  John 
Randolph  603,  by  Goldfinder.    Eliza  Woods  was 
rather  disappointing  as  an  individual,  although 
some  excellent  cattle  descended  from  her    Her 
sire,  Matchem,  was  a  large,  stylish  bull;  rather 
coarse  in  his  conformation  and  of  a  vicious  dis- 
position.   Quite  a  number  of  his  get  were  un- 
popular on  account  of  their  dark-colored  noses 
Catherine  Turley  is  said  to  have  been  a  cow  of 
hiie^character.     She  was  much  inclined  to  make 

lu>8l,,mon  e  4  ied  ^s  it?: .h"'  ^7*"''*'"^  "-^*  '^-^-^-  Without 
.•.ccomr,n„ic.a  his  brXl  tirfr^  '?  reference  to  a  diploma  and 
Brit.Un.  InlaervSirshe  r  i""'/'  '''*'  S"ort-horn  herds  of  Great 
br,.ederonSrcHsscn Ulcof    r  V     "":^^  reputation  not  only  as  a 

wuhthe.ot^i;^-;---;^Ss^^;^:yri^s=r'^ 


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308 


A   HISTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


flesh  ufKl  niifortuiiately  was  allowed  to  become 
so  fat  that  she  stopped  breeding.  From  lior  de- 
scended such  famous  bulls  as  Dick  Taylor  5508, 
Airdrie  Duke  5306,  Clarendon  2()34,  Mr.  Pick- 
rell's  $3,000  BaroD  Lewis  and  mauj  other  old- 
time  celebriues. 

Dick  Taylor  5508  was  one  of  the  best  stock- 
getters  produced  by  the  Phyllis  family.    He 
was  a  red,  bred  by  Dr.  J.  J.  Taylor  and  Xbram 
Vanmeter,  and  represented  a  peculiarly  rich 
combination  of  the  best  blood  introduced  into 
the  Ohio  Valley  up  to  the  time  of  his  produc- 
tion in  1861     Sired  by  the  Duke  of  Airdrie- 
crossed  Rose  of  Sharon  bull  Airdrio  2478,  he 
had  for  dam  Ruth  by  the  $4,850  bull  imp.  Chal- 
lenger (14252);  second  dam  Maria  Edgeworth 
by  Arthur  Watts'  Prince  Albert  2d  857,  carry- 
ing much  of  the  best  of  the  Ohio  Importing 
Co.'s  blood;  and  his  third  dam,  Susan  Turley, 
was  l)y  Cossack  (35o3),  son  of  the  richly-bred 
Booth  bull  Cossack  (1880),  that  will  be  remem- 
bered as  the  sire  of  Abram  Renick's  Buena 
Vista  299.    Dick  Taylor  proved  particularly  suc- 
cessful when  mated  with  the  descendants  of 
imp.  Young  Mary.    Indeed  one  branch  of  that 
tribe  became  so  celebrate<l  throughout  the  West 
that  it  was  given  (and  still  bears)  his  name.   He 
was  repeatedly  shovn  with  success,  and  upon 
one  occasion  gained  a  $100  sweepstake  against 
several  of  the  most  noted  sires  of  the  da\  for 


SOME    UISTOltlO   KENTUCKY   STOCK. 


309 


bost  five  calves  the  g,)t  of  one  bull.  We  can- 
imt  in  the  space  at  our  conimund  make  detailed 
reterenco  to  the  n.any  distinguished  animals 
..ed  by  Dick  Taylor.  We  .shoul.l,  however  per- 
haps mention  his  two  sons,  W,.shinKton  9284 

Snlbl  t['"';^''  16C37,bred  by  the  Messrs. 
hudduthl  he  former  belonged  to  the  Leslie 

bin  nch  of  the  Mary.«,  tracing  from  tho  show  cow 
Hannah  More,  and  won  a  gnat  many  first  and 

rXr^T?  P';^'"'  '"^  "'"  K^^-'^cky  sh„ws  from 
m>  to  1871  Dick  Taylor  2d,  a  few  years  later, 
was  one  of  the  ruling  show-yard  champions  of 
Kentucky  and  was  sold  for  $1  100 

Airdrie  Duke  5306,  like  Dick  Taylor  was  a 
red  son  of  Mr.  Eenick's  Airdrie  2478  hIs  dam! 
he  Phyllis  cow  Ruth  2d,  was  by  Mr.  Alexander's 
famous  pnze  hull  exp.  2d  Duke  of  Airdrie  2744 
so  that  he  represented  a  double  cross  of  the  Air- 
dne-Duchess  blood.  Airdrie  Duke  was  bred  by 
Abi-am  Vanmeter,  and  was  one  of  the  great 

L  ke  Dick  Taylor,  he  made  a  pronounced  "hit" 
when  mated  with  the  Marys.  His  greatest 
feufTliter  was  probably  Ben  P.  Va.imeter's  re- 

Z  hi  s  ""!  ^"'^  '^°^  «"^  K^'"  Kose  8th, 
id  A  '^:','"'*-''"'^"  cow  Mr.  Vanmeter  eve; 
>i  ed.  Another  celebrated  show  cow  got  by  Air- 
mie  Duke  was  the  roan  Phoebe  Taylor  of  the 
PcHHona  fn,mily.  Uiat  gained  prizes  all  over  the 
Western  country  from  1871  to  1874  in  the  herd 


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310 


A    FIISTOHY    OF   HIIOIIT-UORN   CATTLE. 


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\        : 

of  J.  H.  KiHsiiiger.  He  was  also  sire  of  the 
Mary  cow  Miss  Washington  2d,  that  sold  for 
$1,000,  whose  daughter  l)y  4th  Duke  of  Geneva 
brought  a  like  price,  and  of  the  $3,200  Poppy's 
Julia  and  the  $2,000  Princess  cow  Princessa  2d. 

Another  branch  of  the  IMiyllis  tribe  that  ac- 
quired high  repute  in  Kentucky  was  bred  by 
John  W.  Prewittof  Clark  County  from  the  roan 
cow  Gentle  Annie,  by  imp.  Challenger  (142."32), 
that  was  bought  by  Mr.  Prewitt  at  the  admin- 
istrator's sale  of  the  Solomon  Vanmeter  cattle 
in  1859.  She  was  a  granddaughter  of  Susan 
Turley. 

Young  Phyllis  was  of  a  rich  roan  color,  with 
neat  head,  small,  crumpled  horns,  short,  neat 
neck,  fine  shape  and  style  and  a  first-class  show 
cow  in  her  day.  She  was  frequently  exhibited 
at  the  fairs  in  Kentucky  when  in  her  prime 
and  never  failed  to  receive  the  first  prize  when 
in  the  ring  except  once,  and  then  she  received 
the  second  Although  imported  for  Mr.  Har- 
ness in  1834  at  a  cost  of  $1,500,  she  passed  to 
the  possession  of  Capt.  Isaac  Cunningham  and 
Mr.  Isaac  Vanmeter  in  1836  and  remained  the 
property  of  the  latter  until  she  became  barren 
and  was  slaughtered.  Catherine  Turley  was 
begotten  in  England  and  calved  at  Sycamore, 
in  Kentucky,  soon  after  her  arrival. 

Young  Mary.— This  celebrated  cow  and  her 
daughter  Pocahontas,  sold  at  the  Ohio  Co.'s 


SOME    HISTORIC    KENTUOKY   RTOOK.  311 

«tlG  of  1836  to  Mr.  Harness  for  $1,500,  were 
■"Ught  and  taken  to  Kentucky  that  same  year 
l.y  Messrs.  Vanmoter*  Cunningham.  Although 
"ot  a  show  cow  like  Voung  Phyllis,  Young 
h,ry  was  one  of  the  practical,  profitable  sort 
luit  often  do  more  for  their  owners  than  ani- 
ninls  of  show-yard  character.    She  is  described 
"«  having  been  a  large  cow  of  striking  appear- 
>mee,  a  hght  roan  in  color  with  son^  whit^, 
especa  ly  on  her  legs.    Her  horns,  which  wer^ 
."■  ...eel  to  be  'crumpled,"  were  rather  strong 
a.nl  well  earned  out  from  her  head,  which  was 
bmad  and  well  shaped,  with  a  good  full  eye 
Her  neck  was  lather  thin,  shoulders  smooth," 
back  broad,  nb  deep,  udder  large  and  good.   In 
fact  she  was  an  extraordinary  milker-one  of 
the  best  dairy  cows  ever  owned  in  the  Van- 
meter  herds.    She  was  a  remarkably  prolific 
breeder,  and  during  the  first  month  or  Tx 
weeks  alter  calving  (if  on  grass)  could  be  de- 
pe..ded  upon  to  yield  a  large  pailful  of  milk 
momng  and  evening  after  the  calf  had  drawn 
\   i    ^'^"fortunately  Isaac  Vanmeter's  pri- 
vate herd  records  were  lost  or  destroyed  during 

mH  r  "•  '"^  •*  i^  -^  -mmonly-accept^f 
Uct  that  Young  Mary  lived  to  be  about  twenty 

She  produced  but  four  bulls;  two  of  them- 
U'^yy  Crockett  and  Logan-were  dropped  while 


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312        A    HISTORY    OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 

she  WHS  in  the  possession  of  the  Ohio  Co.  The 
former  was  purchased  by  Mr.  P.  L.  Ay  res  of 
Ohio  for  $400  for  use  upon  unrecorded  stock. 
Logan  was  bought  by  Ellas  Florence  of  Ohio 
for  $750.  In  Kentucky  Young  Mary  produced 
a  red-and-white  bull  calf  named  llomulus,  by 
Matchem  (2283),  that  was  sold  while  young  to 
Mr.  James  Stonestreet  of  Clark  County,  in 
whose  hands  he  was  bred  to  but  few  pure-bred 
cows.  The  last  calf  she  ever  produced  that 
lived  to  be  useful  was  the  roan  bull  Tom  Big- 
bee,  by  Prince  Albert  2d,  calved  in  1848  and 
sold  while  young  to  Mr.  Rice  Campbell  of  Bour- 
bon County.  He  proved  quite  a  good  show 
bull. 

Young  Mary's  female  produce  after  Poca- 
hontas cannot  now  be  named  in  the  order  of 
their  respective  ages.  Her  next  calf  was  the 
bull  Romulus  above  mentioned,  and  then  fol- 
lowed five  heifer  calves  by  Goldfinder  (2()()()).* 
to-wit.:  Hannah  More,  Judith  Clark,  Sarah 
Hopkins,  Lilac  and  Florida,  all  of  which  were 
very  superior  and  lived  to  be  useful  cows.  All 
of  these  except  Sarali  Hopkins  were  owned  by 
Lsaac  Vanmeter  as  long  as  he  or  they  lived. 
Sarah  Hopkins  was  given  to  Mr.  Vanmeter's 


*Inip  Goldfinder  (2060)  was  taken  to  Kentucky  In  1836  and  was  auccesa- 
fully  used  for  many  years,  larf^ely  in  Clark  and  Fayette  Counties,  although 
he  died  the  property  of  Joel  Scott  In  Franklin  County.  Few  better  Hires 
were  known  at  that  time.  He  was  a  liirpe,  rich  roan,  Utrht-bodied  and  som©' 
What  legpy,  high-styled  and  Impressive. 


SOME    HISTORIC    KENTUCKY   STOCK.  313 

son,  I  C  Vanmeter,  who  sold  her  after  a  few 
years  to  George  W.  Sutton  of  Fayette  Count^ 
1  he  records  do  not  reveal  further  facts  of 
nterest  concern.ng  Young  Mary's  progeny.  AH 
t  at  IS  known  is  that  she  was  a  regular  breete 
of  good  stock  and  lived  to  an  extreme  age.  The 
great  fam.  y  of  Young  Marys,  still  so  popular 

f  om  the  Goldhnder  heifers  and  Pocahontas 
a„,ve  mentioned    Probably  the  best  individua 
«t  all  of  Young  Mary's  daughters  was  Hannah 
More.    She  was  exhibited  at  all  of  the  lead  ng 

u     \  IT,       "*""  "^^^  "^'most  as  good  but 

E Sir  Pr  ,r'  '''"^-'^--^'  »  particular 
Ike  their  Pliylhs  companion  Catherine  Tur- 

cy,  proved  mmes  of  wealth  to  Kentucky  and 
;  West.  Poc^ahontas  gave  rise  to  the  famous 
luMl  Rose  and  Hannah  More  to  the  Beck  Tav 

or  Leslie  and  Flat  Creek  branches  of  the  Marv 
tnl,.e.  Judith  Clark  also  left  a  valuable  ^ 
eiiy,  among  her  descendants  being  the  Grace 

the  Wes  ,  and  the  Leopardess  family,  whi,h 
gave  to  the  show-yard  Lucy  Napier.    Th^  sue 
;;;-  of  the  blending  of  the  M^ry  and  Phy,,  « 
•loods  .n  the  hands  of  Messrs.  Vanmeter  was 
njs  antaneo,^.     Bred  to  John   Randolph  6T)3 

adaughtei-Queeu  Aune-that  produced  to 


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iiiii 

314 


A    HISTORY    OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


the  cover  of  Prince  Albert  2d  857  the  hull  Al- 
bert Gallatin  202.  Randolph  and  Gallatin  did 
some  of  the  local  shows  in  company  and  car- 
ried many  ribbons;  the  older  (Phyllis)  usually 
securing  first  honors  and  the  Mary  second. 

Ben  F.  Van  meter  gave  the  Marys  interna- 
tional fame.  From  his  father's  red-roan  Red 
Rose,  by  Pearl  2012*,  he  bred  the  celebrated 
family  of  Red  Roses;  and  by  mating  the  Han- 
nah More  cow  Beck  with  the  Phyllis  show  bull 
Dick  Taylor  he  bred  the  red  Beck  Taylor,  the 
matron  of  a  family  of  that  name  still  popular 
in  the  West.  Probably  the  best  two  cows  ever 
produced  in  his  herd  were  Red  Roses  8th  and 
11th,  own  sisters  by  the  Phyllis  bull  Airdrie 
Duke  580G.  The  Airdrie  Duchess  blood  was  by 
this  time  producing  remarkable  results  in  all 
the  leading  Kentucky  herds,  and  when  the 
Renick,  Vanmeter,  Warfield  and  Bedford  cows 
carrying  the  Bates  cross  met  at  the  local  shows 
there  was  "  war  to  the  knife."  Upon  one  mem- 
orable occasion  Mr,  Ben.  Vanmeter  with  Red 
Roses  8th  and  11th  encountered  one  of  the 
greatest  cow  combinations  Kentucky  had  ever 
seen,  meeting  Mr.  Renick's  pets,  "Little"  and 
"Big"  Genevas,  two  of  Edwin  G.  Bedford's  Lou- 

*  Pearl  was  a  red  bull  bred  by  Solomon  Vanmeter  that  became  tlie  prop- 
erty of  Robert  S.  Taylor  of  Clark  County,  He  was  {rot  by  Vanmeter,  Dun- 
can &  Ciinnliiprhani's  imported  $4.S50  bull  Challenger  (14252)  from  tlio  Im- 
Dorted  oowGeni  by  Earl  DuvMe's  Broker  (iJlHCi),  pot  by  Usurer  ('.17(13).  Pearl's 
grandam  was  Guhiare.  by  Whltaker  m  Norfolk  (2377).  and  lus  great-grauuam 
was  the  Booth-bred  Medora  by  Ambo  (1036). 


I 


SOME    HISTORK!   KENTUCKY   STOCK.  315 

don  Duchesses,  besides  one  of  the  best  of  that 
family  ever  produced   by  Mr.  Warfield,  and 

ti  I?       i        ''''°'  ''"*  '"  "^«  sweepstakes 
Red  Kose  8th  gamed  the  prize.*    She  was  af- 
terward champion  Short-horn  cow  at  the  Phila- 
delphia Centennial  and  subsequently  sold  to  the 
Grooms  for  $1,750  and  exported  to  England 
Her  companion  at  this  show,  Bed  Rose  11th' 
so  d  to  Mr.  Pox  of  England  at  $2,325  was  the 
only  cow  that  ever  defeated  Red  Rose  8th     Mr 
Vauineter,  however,  never  considered  her  so 
good.    This  cow  was  the  dam  of  th     'amous 
roan  Young  Mary  steer  that  was  th..  ,•'  amnion 
h.ur  year-old  bullock  at  the  first  A.,  p  ican  Pat 
Stock  Show  at  Chicago;  a  beast  that  weighed 

le  Giand  Pacific  Hotel  for  $150  for  Christmas 

nth,  the  bull  Ro.y  Man  277G4,  was  also  a  prize- 
winner at  Kentucky  shows. 

wiHi\rf  •  p^™'r''''  f  .^t'^i'ied  close  relations 
with  Mr.  Ronick  and  in  later  years  became 
;ent.  ed  with  the  Ro.se  of  Shi^rinSt 
eference  to  which  will  presently  be 
.ute.  It  may  be  remarked  in  pa.ssiug  that 
tto  two  prize-winning  Y„u„g  Mary  bulls  Wash- 


316        A    HISTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


liir 


iiigton  9284  and  Dick  Taylor  2d  16637— both  f.y 
Dick  Taylor  5508  and  both  bred  by  Messrs.  8 ud- 
dutli  of  Clark  County—  were  of  Vanmeter  stock, 
the  former  being  of  the  Leslie  breach  and  the 
latter  coming  through  Judith  Clark,  own  sister 
to  Hannah  More.  Dick  Taylor  2d  won  a  cham- 
pionship at  a  Bourbon  County  fair  in  a  ring  of 
thirty  entries.  We  may  also  add  here  that  the 
bull  Seaton  4356,  bred  by  Solomon  Vanmeter, 
appearing  in  certain  pedigrees  of  cattle  of  Ken- 
tucky origin,  represented  a  cross  ol  Mr.  Alex- 
ander's imp.  Orontes  2d  upon  a  daughter  of  the 
imported  Wilkinson-bred  cow  Lavender  3(1, 
that  was  of  the  same  foundation  as  the  Cruick- 
shank  Lavenders. 

The  Warfields.  The  city  of  Lexington,  the 
blue-grass  capital,  is  situated  in  the  fertile 
county  of  Fayette,  which,  in  connection  with 
the  adjacent  counties  of  Clark  and  Bourbon, 
had  from  the  earliest  periods  constituted  the 
hen(l(|uarters  of  the  breed  south  of  the  Ohio 
River.  The  name  of  Warfield  is  so  intimately 
and  honorably  identified  with  the  cattle-breed- 
ing interest,  not  only  of  Fayette  and  contiguous 
counties  but  of  the  entir'^  West,  that  no  his- 
tory of  Short-horns  in  America  w'ould  be  com- 
plete without  some  reference  to  the  services 
rendered  by  those  of  this  name. 

The  Warfields  are  descended  from  Richard 
Warfield,  who  in  1663  settled  in  the  Puritan 


SOME    HISTORIO    KExNTUCKY    STOCK.  31? 

colony  of  Anne  Arund.l  Co.,  near  Annapolis, 
M  In  October,  17t)0,  Elislia  Warfield  and  his 
witp.  Ituth  Burgess  (descended  from  Gen  Wil- 
luim  Burgess,  who  commanded  the  troops  of  the 
colony  of  Maryland  in  the  latter  part  of  the 
seventeenth  century),  removed  to  Fayette  Co 
Ky.,  from  Anne  Arundel  Co.,  Md.,  bringing  with 
them  their  sons,  Eli.ha,  born  in  1781,  and  Ben- 
jamui,  born  Feb.  8,  17110.  They  settled  about 
seven  miles  east  of  Lexington,  near  Bryan's 

In"'-'  .uolV'''  ^^^'^"^^   ^^g^^^  to  breed 
catt  e  in  1824  but  had  no  pure-bred  Short-horns 
until  Ihdl.     He  practiced  law  until  the  outbreak 
ot  tiie  war  of  1812,  and  again  until  1831;  mean- 
uiie  purchasing  the  farm  of  Grasmere,  near 
Lexmgton.     His  brother,  Dr.  Elisha  Warfield 
also  engaged  in  stock-breeding,  but  gave  more 
at  ention  to  the  Thoroughbred  horse  than  to 
cattle;  biaeding  old  Lexington  and  other  celeb- 
rities of  the  turf.     The  former  became  the 
owner  of  Mrs.  Motte's  bull  Partnership  (6277) 
l^iKl  of    the    Durham    Cow's    daughter    Lady 
Duiham,  by  San   Martin   (2599).     The  latter 
owned  the  Teeswater  (^ow's  bull  Mirandi  (4428) 

Z    i'f  a^'n!'"'  '"'^  ^^^''''''  *^""t^^  &  Warfield 

ouy  .t  the  Teeswater  Cow's  daughter  Pink  bv 

^luuday's   Bull   7^7  =i--     Ai  «   i.f       ^i  xhik  oy 

-       ^  '        ^   '-'•      ^t  a  "ater  date,  when 

^"m.'ay  an.l  HaM-.'ln    rean  ■,  f  ivoi?    tI   ^      '"'''"'  ^^"^  f>'-«Pe'-ty  of  Messrs. 


iiiaiiiiiiiitM: 


::i?-!ii.wl':' 


'  mm  < 


w  ■] 


liraifac 


318   A  HISTORY  OF  SHORT-HORN  CATTLE. 

the  Kentuckians  were  availing  themselves  of 
the  stock  imported  by  Col.  John  H.  Powel  of 
Pennsylvania,  Messrs.  Warfield  were  fortunate 
enough  to  secure  the  bull  Oliver  (2387)*,  that 
proved  a  remarkably  successful  stock-getter— 
undoubtedly  the  best  of  all  the  Powel  bulls 
brought  West.  Capt.  Ben  Warfield  became 
part  owner  of  the  Ohio  Co.  bulls  Matchem 
(2283)  and  Goldfinder  (2066),  and  also  had  some 
service  from  imp.  Prince  Chai'les  (2461).'  Prob- 
ably none  of  the  earlier  Warfield  bulls,  however, 
proved  more  successful  than  the  famous  roan 
Cossack,  alias  Julius  Cyesar  (3503),  dropped  the 
property  of  Mr.  Clay  by  the  imported  cow  Moss 
Rose,  by  Eclipse  (1949),  brought  out  from  Eng- 
land by  H.  Clay  Jr.  and  Gen.  James  Shelby  of 
Fayette  County  in  1839.  This  bull  had  for  sire 
the  Booth-bred  Cossack  (1880),  and  his  blood 
was  for  many  years  to  be  found  in  some  of  the 
best  Short-horns  in  leading  Kentucky  herds. 

Renick  903. — This  great  Kentucky  sire,  bred 
by  James  Renick  and  sired  by  Tippecanoe  1036 

*  No  less  than  twenty-two  b\ill9  and  thirty-two  cows  of  Col.  John  Hare 
Powers  breedtug-  or  importation  wero  taken  to  Kentucky— largely  between 
1831  and  1830.  While  Oliver  (288T)  was  >indoubtedly  the  best  of  theae  Powel 
bulla,  the  outstandlnt?  cow  aeciuired  by  Kentucky  from  the  Poweltou  Herd 
was  the  Booth-bred  Isabella,  by  Pilot  (see  pa},'i'  1S5).  Slie  was  probiibly  the 
most  celebriited  cow  of  htT  d:iy  in  the  Ohio  Valley  States,  and  at  the  siile 
of  her  produce  by  her  owner.  Mr  Sutton  of  Fayette  County,  Sept.  ~'(!.  1837, 
her  son  Frederick  olS  sold  to  Buford  &  Scott  of  Franklin  County  for*1.310; 
her  heifer  Western  Daisy  went  to  Joel.  Scott  at  $74.5;  heifer  White  Rose  to 
James  Shelby  of  Fayette  County  at  $73,'j,  and  liuU  Cyrus  to  E.  S.  Washington 
of  Fayette  County  tit  $810.  Auothei'  diiushter  of  Cleopatra,  Salb  Jackson, 
was  sold  privately  to  J  8.  Berrynuui  &  Co.  for  $2,UtX)! 


SOME   HISTORIC   KENTUCKY   STOCK. 


819 


out  of  a  daughter  of  imp.  Josephine,  was  bought 
by  Capt.  Warfield  as  a  six-months  calf.    He  was 
begotten  in  Ohio,  and  although  his  sire  and  dam 
were  both  descended  from  imp.  Josephine*  by 
Xorfolk  he  was  not  specially  promising  as  a 
calf  and  was  by  no  means  satisfying  as  a  year- 
ling.   For  this  reason  he  was  sent  to  Dr.  Breck- 
enridge  for  a  year  of  trial.    As  soon  as  his  calves 
began  to  come,  however,  all  doubt  as  to  Ren- 
ick's  value  disappeared  and  he  was  freely  used 
with  extraordinary  success.     He  was  a  red  with 
a  long  and  level  carcass,  well-sprung  ribs  and 
superior  handling  qualities.    He  stood  some- 
what high  on  the  leg,  and  was  not  in  fact  what 
would  be  considered  a  real  show^  bull.     He  was 
often  exhibited,  but  his  success  lay  in  his  prog- 
eny rather  than  in  his  own  individuality.     He 
therefore  furnishes  an  instance— along '  with 
(ioldfinder  (2066)  and  imp.  Duke  of  Airdrie— 
where  a  plain  bull  proved  to  be  a  stock-getter 
of   unquestioned    capacity.    Henick  soon  ac- 
quu-ed  reputation  as  the  best  sire  of  his  time 
mj[entucky.     Of  the  show  cows  among  his 

th.  o.?fo"f  .^"^  ""«? ""  ^°^  ^^""^  ''°'^''  ''""^'"^  '-^  successful  prize-winner  at 
the  Ohio  f;.lrs.    She  produced  In  1888  a  roan  cow  calf  named  Nonpareilbv 

breechn.-was  fatted  and  slaughtered.    Nonpareil  and  Lt.dy  nirlson  S 
wdy,  out  the  utter  trnally  became  the  owner  of  the  btocli. 


320 


A   HISTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


pi'ogeiiy  perhaps  the  most  distinguished  were 
the  light  roaii  Tulip  and  the  roan  Fleda,  l)oth 
of  these  being  descended  from  Capt.  Wartield's 
never-beaten  show  cow  Caroline.     The  former 
was  sold  to  Capt.  James  N.  Brown  and  the  lat- 
ter to  J.  D,  Smith,  both  of  Sangamon  Co.,  111. 
and  for  many  years  they  divided  the  verdicts 
of  Western  show-yard  juries.     Indeed  the  late 
Capt.  Brown  considered  that  Tulip  was  a  vastly 
better  cow  than   Capt.  Wartield's  celebrated 
Mary  Magdalene,  that  had  been  bred  by  A])rain 
Renick  from  a  Harriet  dam  from  a  service  by 
Renick  903.     Mary  Magdalene  combined  aston- 
ishing substance  with  rare  finish.     Althoiio-h 
she  wiis  of  enormous  size,  weighing  in  show- 
condition  2,250  lbs.,  still  an  ordinary  hand  could 
span  her  ankle  with  thumb  and  fore  fingei-. 
Lizzie  Higgins,  the  dam  of  Fleda,  invarial)Iy 
produced  a  show  animal  vO  a  service  by  Ilenick, 
her  heifers  Sally  Campbell  and  Pearl  and  tlm 
bull  Magyar  677  illustrating  this  fact.    Still 
another  cow  that  "nicked"  well  with  Renick 
was  Lucy,  a  descendant  of  imp.  White  Rose, 
by  Publicola,  that  gave  to  Renick  the  two  great 
heifers  Lucy  2d  and  Lucy  3d  and  bulls  Francisco 
2266  and  Duke  of  Stockdale  1483.  That  excellent 
old  cow  Cherry  2d,  by  Don  John  426,  also  pro- 
duced to  Renick  a  pair  of  extraordinary  calves 
known  as  Amy  and  Sally  Smith.    Another  great 
Renick  heifer  was  Adah,  and  we  should  also 


SOME    HI8T0IIIC    KENTUCKY   STOCK. 

i.ipntion  Mr.  William  Warfield's  Princess  and 
y\v.  Kinnaird's  Pearl. 

Muscatoon  7057. -This  celebmted  sire  of 
prize  cattle  in  the  herd  of  Mr.  William  Warfield 
of  Grasmere  was  one  of  the  fruits  of  the  ^n-eat 
lierd  assembled  by  Mr.  Alexander  at  Woodburn 
lie  was  a  red  bull,  sired  by  the  Bates-bred  Royal* 
Oxford  (18774)  out  of  Mazurka  2d  by  Orontes  2d 
(1I.S77);  second  dam  that  famous  Lincolnshire 
roan   imp.  Mazurka  by  Harliinger.     There  is 
no  question  as  to  this  cow  having  been  one  of 
the  best  ever  imported.     Rich  in  color,  her 
capital  carcass,  with  its  far-famed   back'  and 
Hank,  was  set  off  by  a  head  of  surpassing  sweet- 
ness.   Muscatoon  was  a  red  with  a  perfect  head 
and  the  full  eye  of  the  kindly  feeder.     He  was 
strongly  filled  behind  the  shoulder  and  had  the 
nb  and  full  lower  line  of  Mazurka  joined  to 
the  great  loin  and  thighs  of  Orontes  2d     He 
was  bought  by  Mr.  Warfield  as  a  yearling,  and 
has  career  at  Grasmere  both  as  a  show  bull  and 
a  stock-getter  did  much  to  strengthen  the  rep- 
utation  of    the  Woodburn    stock.     Although 
shown  by  Mr.  Warfield  with  exceptional  sue- 
cess  from  1807  to  1871  his  most  lasting  fame 
was  gained  as  a  getter  of  extraordinary  show 
•diui  breeding  animals.    In  fact  in  the  rings  for 
I'ost  lot  of  calves  the  get  of  one  bull  he  was  al- 
most invincible  in  the  State  of  Kentucky  in  the 
later  sixties.    The  most  remarkable  feature  of 


IB^IP 


I'll 


ill 


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i 

imp 

i'       '.    ' 

322 


A    HI8T0UY    OF    SHORT-HORN    CATTLE. 


his  servi('o  at  Grasmere  was  the  uniform  excel- 
lence of  his  get.  T'hey  wore  all  good,  and  some 
of  tluMu  attained  such  outstanding  excellence 
that  thoy  were  for  many  years  reigning  show- 
yard  champions.  Among  these  were  the  heif- 
ers Duchess  of  Sutherland  4f  h,  Maggie  Musca- 
toon,  1st  and  2d  Ladies  of  Grasmere  and  Loudon 
Duchess  4th.  He  als(  sired  the  Rose  of  Sharon 
cow  Grace  and  Louan  of  Waveland,  for  which 
Walter  Handy  paid  respectively  $1,000  and 
$1,150  at  a  sale  of  E.  L.  Davison's.  Among  the 
noted  stock  and  show  hulls  of  his  get  were  Lou- 
don Duke  C)th  10899 ;  Tycoon  7339,  Lord  of  the 
Manor  12332  and  2d  Duke  of  Grasmere  LV.HU. 
He  died  as  the  result  of  an  accident  in  1873, 
and  it  may  be  said  that  he  shares  with  the 
Duke  of  Airdrie  bulls  the  reputation  of  having 
materially  advanced  the  name  and  fame  of  the 
Short-horn  breed  throughout  the  entire  West- 
ern country.  Indeed  rank  as  a  sire  of  show 
cattle  has  been  claimed  for  this  Mazurka  hull 
along  with  such  English  celebrities  as  Booth's 
Crown  Prince  and  Towneley's  Frederick, 

The  Loudon  Buehesses.— Mr.  William  War- 
field  has  the  honor  of  having  originated  one  of 
the  best  tribes  of  Short-horns  yet  evolved  by 
the  breeders  of  the  United  States.  We  allude 
to  the  Loudon  Duchesses  produced  by  his  skill 
and  intelligence  by  a  judicious  utilization  of 
Woodburn  blood.    The  Hon.  Frank  Key  Hunt, 


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Sdences 
Corporation 


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23  WEST  MAIN  STREET 

WESSTER.N.Y.  14580 

(716)  872-4503 


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SOME    HISTORIC   KENTUCKY   STOCK.  323 

an  able  lawyer  and  a  neighbor  and  kinsman  of 
Mr.  Warfield,  having  expressed  a  desire  for  a 
good  ^hort-horn  heifer  to  grace  his  spacious 
lawn,  Mr.  Warfield  purchased  for  him  at  a  sale 
held  by  Mr.  R.  A.  Alexander  in  1856  Aliss  Wiley 
4th,  sired  by  2d  Duke  of  Athol  (11376)  out  of 
imp.  Miss  Hudson,  at  $470,  which,  we  believe 
was  the  highest  price  of  the  day.     Mr  Warfield 
was  to  direct  her  breeding  and  was  to  take  each 
calf  at  six  months  of  age  at  $300.    He  believed 
that  as  she  promised  to  make  a  big,  large-framed 
cow  good  results  would  follow  her  mating  with 
the  finely-finished  imp.  Duke  of  Airdrie  (12730) 
The  first  calf  proved  to  be  the  red  bull  regis- 
tered as  Loudon  Duke  3097,  whose  name  was 
derived  from  tiie  title  of  Mr.  Hunt's  farm     In 
the  meantime  Mr.  Hunt  suggested  that  Miss 
AV  iley  4th  be  bred  to  imp.  St.  Lawrence  (12037) 
tliat  had  been  imported  by  Mr.  Thorne  of  New 
1  ork  and  purcKased  by  Elisha  Warfield     Mr 
Wilham  Warfield  objected  to  this  cross  oii 
he  ground  of  incompatibiPty  of  type,  but  Mr 
Hunt  insisted   upon  trying  it,  releasing  Mr. 
\V  arheld  from  any  obligation  to  take  the  calf 
it  not  satisfactory.    The  experiment  was  a  fail- 
ure and  the  bull  calf  that  resulted  was  steered 
1  he  cow  was  then  bred  back  to  imp.  Duke  of 
Airdrie   and  in   1860  dropped  the  red  heifer 
Anna  Hunt,  subsequently  sold  by  Mr.  Warfield 
to  Charles  M.  Clark  of  Springfield,  0.,  fi-om 


324 


A   HISTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


i' 


whose  hands  she  passed  into  the  possession  of 
Daniel  McMillan  of  Xenia,  becoming  the  an- 
cestress of  a  great  family  of  cows  known  as  the 
Ladys  of  Clark.     Miss  Wiley  4th  had  by  this 
time  grown  into  a  cow  of  immense  scale,  weigh- 
ing 1,700  lbs.  off  grass.     The  development  of 
Loudon  Duke  and  of  Anna  Hunt  demonstrated 
that  the  cross  with  the  fine  but  mther  "rangy" 
Imp.  Duke  of  Airdrie  was  a  s'lccess,  and  she  was 
again  sent  to  be  served  at  Woodburn.    This 
time  she  dropped  the  red  bull  calf  Duke  of  Ed- 
inburgh 4724  (also  known  as  Loudon  Duke  2d), 
that  was  sold  to  a  Mr.  Woodruff  of  Indiana! 
The  result  of  the  next  service  to  the  imported 
Duke  was  the  roan  bull  calf  Loudon  Duke  U 
10398,  sold  to  Mr.  Wilson  of  Cincinnati  and  used 
with  success  in  Ohio  herds.     In  1863,  to  imp. 
Duke  of  Airdrie,  she  dropped  the  red  bull  Lou- 
don Duke  4th  5906,  sold  to  Mr.  Edwin  G.  Bed- 
ford and  afterward  the  property  of  Mr.  D.  S. 
King  of  Ohio.    During  this  period  Mr.  Warfield 
had  used  the  first  Loudon  Duke  with  success, 
finally  selling  him  to  Mr.  Isaac  Vanmeter  of 
Clark  Co.,  Ky. 

In  1864  Miss  Wiley  4th  dropped  to  imp.  Duke 
of  Airdrie  the  red  heifer  calf  destined  to  fame 
under  the  name  of  Loudon  Duchess.  The  im- 
ported Duke  having  meanwhile  died,  it  was 
decided  to  breed  Mr.  Hunt's  cow  to  Duncan's 
Duke  of  Airdrie  2743,  which  Mr.  Warfield  con- 


SOME    HISTORIC    KENTUCKY    STOCK.  325 

sidered  the  imported  Duke's  best  son;  and  from 
a  service  by  that  bull  the  red  heifer  Loudon 
Duchess  2d  was  dropped  in  1SC5.    In  the  fall 
of  that  year  Mr.  Warfield  had  sent  a  small 
bunch  of   cattle  for  exhibition  to  the  local 
fairs,  included  among  the  number  being  the 
yearling  Loudon  Duchess.    The  stock  was  taken 
to  the  Bourbon  show  in  Mr.  William  Warfield's 
absence  in  attendance  at  the    Illinois  State 
Fair,  which  was  held  the  same  week,  and  dur- 
ing the  continuance  oi  these  shows  the  follow- 
ing telegram  was  received  from  Adntucky   *'I 
a.n  offered  $500  for  your  yearling  heifer  and 
|2oO  for  your  steer;  shall  I  take  it?"    This  re- 
ferred to  Loudon  Dudiess  and  a  great  steer  of 
the  Rosabella  2d  by  Velocipede  tribe.    In  those 
dull  days  the  prices  seemed  large,  and  as  Mr 
Warfield  believed  that   Loudon    Duchess  2d 
would  make  a  better  heifer  than  her  sister  by 
the  imported  Duke  he  replied  in  the  affirma- 
tive, and  thus  Mr.  E.  ii  Bedford  of  Bourbon 
County  became  the  owner  of  Loudon  Duchess 
the  prize  yearling  of  that  season  and  subse- 
quently a  great  prize-taker  and  dam  of  win- 

w'f  !l?f  ^?''  ^"^^'^"^  ^^  P^'«^^^^  ''^  be  Miss 
Wiley  4th's  last  calf  and  Mr.  Warfield  decided 
not  to  part  with  her.  These  two  heifers  then 
embarked  upon  a  show-yard  and  breeding  ca- 
reer that  has  probably  not  been  surpassed  in 
this  country. 


32P 


A   HISTORY  OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


ttiiil 

.-A. 


Th--^  Bedford  heifer  produced  one  bull  and 
one  heifer  (Loudon  Duchess  3d)  to  services  by 
The  Priest  6246,  and  one  bull  (Loudon  Duke 
7th  10400)  and  three  heifers  (Loudon  Duchesses 
5th,  7th  and  11th)  to  services  by  that  capital 
Bates  Duchess  sire  2d  Duke  of  Geneva  5562.   It 
had  previously  been  agreed  between  Mr.  War- 
field  and  Mr.  Bedford  that  the  Loudon  Duchess 
name  should  be  given  to  the  progeny  of  these 
cows.     To  avoid  confusion  Mr.  Bedford  was  to 
use  the  odd  numbers  and  Mr.  Warfield  the  even 
numbers.    Mr.  Warfield's  Loudon  Duchess  2d 
produced  ten  calves— six  bulls  and  four  heifers 
—three  of  which  w^ere  by  Muscatoon  7057,  two 
by  Kobert  Napier  8975,  one  by  5th  Duke  of 
Geneva  7932,  one  by  11th  Duke  of  Geneva,  one 
by  4th  Duke  of  Airdrie,  one  by  14th  Duke  of 
Thorndale  and  one  by  2d  Duke  of  Grasmere 
13961.    Loudon  Duchess  4th,  one  of  the  Mus- 
catoon heifers,  was  considered  by  Mr.  Warfield 
to  be  the  best  female  produced  by  either      the 
celebrated  sisters,  and  Loudon  Duke  6th  10399, 
afterward  so  famous  in  Missouri  and  the  West, 
was  counted  the  best  bull.     He  was  sold  to  Mr. 
J.  G.  Cowan  of  Missouri  for  $3,000  in  1872,  a  great 
price  for  that  time. 

We  have  already  alluded  to  the  fact  that  dur- 
ing the  great  expansion  of  the  Short-horn  trade 
following  the  Civil  War  a  prejudice  was  unfor- 
tunately created  by  interested  parties  against 


SOME    HISTORIC    KENTUCKY   STOCK. 


327 


cattle  carrying  crosses  of  stock  descended  from 
the  Walter   Dun  importation.    Inasmuch  as 
Duncan's  Duke  of  Airdrie  had  such  a  cross, 
those  who  in  the  later  years  sought  to  discredit 
the  Dun  importation  insisted  that  the  descend- 
ants of  Mr.  Bedford's  Loudon  Duchesses  by  imp. 
Duke  of  Airdrie  were  more  valuable  than  the 
descendants  of  Mr.  Warfield's  Loudon  Duchess 
2d.    The  absurdity  of  this  contention  is  clearly 
shown  by  the  fact  that,  judged  by  the  stringent 
requirements  of  the  show-yard,  Mr.  Warfield's 
Loudon  Duchesses  were  even  better  individuals 
than  those  bred  by  Mr.  Bedford.    While  Lou- 
don Duchess  gained  twelve  first  prizes,  Mr. 
Warfield's  Loudon  Duchess  2d  won  fifty-sixj 
some  of  them  gained  at  the  State  fairs  of  Ohio 
and  Indiana.    The  female  calves  of  Loudon 
Duchess  won  while  in  the  hands  of  Mr.  Bedford 
five  prizes,  but  Mr.  Warfield's  Loudon  Duchess 
4th  alone  won  fourteen  and  his  Loudon  Duchess 
6th  alone  won  over  forty.    There  was  always  a 
friendly  rivalry  as  to  the  merits  of  the  original 
cows  between  Mr.  Bedford  and  Mr.  Warfield, 
but:  it  is  self-evident  that  there  was  no  founda- 
tion whatever  for  any  assumption  of  superior 
value  in  behalf  of  the  Bedford  line  of  breeding. 
Mr.  Warfield  was  the  first  to  secure  extraordi- 
nary prices,  selling  Loudon  Duchess  8th  to  Mr. 
J.  F.  Cowan  of  Virginia  for  $2,500  and  Loudon 
Duchess  6th  to  W.  H.  Richardson  of  Kentucky 


^M  i 


328 


A    HISTORY    OF   SHORT-HORN    CATTLE. 


'!     I 


iilfi'll  I  ■ 


P 


for  $2,005,  the  highest-priced  female  at  the  auc- 
tion sales  of  that  year.  Mr.  Bedford,  however, 
surpassed  even  these  exceptional  values  at  his 
closing  sale  of  1874,  where  seven  Loudon  Duch- 
esses averaged  $3,521  and  two  bulls  $2,033;  one 
cow  (Loudon  Duchess  9th)  going  to  Mr.  B.  F. 
Bedford  at  $6,000  and  one  bull  (Loudon  Duke 
19th)  to  W.  R.  Duncan  of  Illinois  for  $3,500. 
A  very  superior  bull  produced  by  Loudon  Duch- 
ess 2d  was  Mr.  E.  L.  Davison's  red  Loudon  Duke 
3d  8542,  sired  by  Muscatoon.  This  bull  should 
not  be  confused  with  Loudon  Duke  3d  10398 
from  Miss  Wiley  4th.  The  latter  had  been  sold 
into  Ohio  by  Mr.  Warfield  and  passed  from  no- 
tice before  the  Muscatoon  bull  was  assigned  a 
name.  There  were  thus  two  Loudon  Duke  3ds, 
uncle  and  nephew.  Loudon  Duke  3d  8542  was 
shown  extensively  from  1868  to  1870  at  all  of 
the  leading  Kentucky  fairs,  and  won  many  first 
and  championship  prizes. 

Mr.  William  Warfield  steadfastly  resisted  the 
dictates  of  fashion  and  clung  tenaciously  to 
the  right  of  selecting  sires  of  approved  form 
and  quality  belonging  to  established  tribes  with- 
out reference  to  the  whims  and  fancies  of  the 
speculative  element.  While  on  this  account  he 
did  not  profit  largely  by  the  great  speculative 
advance  that  resulted  in  such  enormous  prices 
being  paid  in  subsequent  years  for  certain  "  line- 
bred''  families,  he  stood  manfully  by  the  best 


SOME    IILSTOIIIC    KExNTUCKY   STOCK. 


329 


traditions  of  the  breed,  and  has  up  to  the  end  of 
the  present  century  consistently  advocated  the 
breeding  of  Short-horns  for  individual  excel- 
lence from  the  best  sources  regardless  of  par- 
ticular blood-lines.* 

Adoption  of  Bates  type  and  methods.— Imp. 
Duke  of  Airdrie  was  extensively  used  by  Mr. 
Alexander  at  Woodburn  and  sired  a  large  num- 
ber of  good  cattle  of  both  sexes  in  that  superb 
herd.    We  have  already  mentioned  the  prize 
bull  Bell  Duke  of   Airdrie  2522  used  by  Mr. 
Bedford.    Another  noted  son  was  Clifton  Duke 
(235S0),  that  was  used  by  Mr.  Alexander  upon 
the  Airdrie  Duchesses  and  was  also  hired  by 
George  M.  Bedford.     He  was  out  of  the  im- 
ported Filbert  Bell-Bates    cow    Lady    Derby. 
Another  good  bull  by  the  old  Duke,  bred  at 
Woodburn,  was  Princeton  4285  (from  imp.  Prin- 
cess 4th  by  Revolution),  that  was  sold  to  Dr. 
Breckenridge  and  left  much  valuable  stock. 
The  Duke  of  Airdrie  heifers  at  Woodburn,  as 
elsewhere,  proved  very  valuable  as  breeders. 
From  one  of  these,  Minna  2d— a  daughter  of 
imp.  Minna    by  Bridegroom— Mr.    Alexander 
bred  the  celebrated  show  bull  Minister  6363, 

»  William  Warfleld  was  a  son  of  Capt.  Ben  Warfield  and  became  one  of 
ho  acknowledged  authorities  on  all  subjects  pertaining  to  American  Shor'- 
Horn  history.  A  frequent  contributor  to  the  Breeder's  Gazette  and  other  agri- 
oultural  journals  and  the  author  of  "A  History  of  Imported  Short-horns  ' 
and  of  Cattle-Breeding '-published  by  the  Sanders  Pub.  Co.,  Chicago-he 
lias  perluips  done  more  than  any  other  one  man  in  America  to  preserve  the 
U  TtTs     '"'''^^  ^^Portatlons  and  build  up  a  Short-horn  literature  m  the 


i||i|H    p"       ffm 


I    i 


Tim 


1]30        A    HI8T0UY    OF   SIlOJiT-IIOKf     CATTLE. 

whose  career  in  the  hands  of  William  R.  Dun- 
can in  Illinois  will  presently  he  mentioned. 

Another  not(Hl  show  hull  that  served  to  prove 
to  the  minds  of  Kentucky  hreeders  the  efhcacy 
of  Duchess  hlood  for  crossing  purposes  at  this 
period  was  Burnside  4018,  a  red  hred  hy  II. 
Clay  Jr.  of  Bourhon  County,  dropped  in  18()1 
hy  the  Duke  of  Athol  (10150)  cow  imp.  Brace- 
let to  a  service  by  Duke  John  2741,  he  a  roan 
hull  by  imp.  Duke  of  Airdrie  (12730)  out  of  the 
(} Wynne  cow  Lady  Sherwood  by  5th  Duke  of 
York.  Burnside  was  shown  with  much  success 
and  died  in  November,  1S73. 

While  Woodburn  made  no  apparent  effort  to 
concentrate  the  Duke  of  Airdrie's  blood,  Abram 
Renick  and  George  M.  Bedford  did  not  hesitate 
to  double  it  up  at  every  opportunity.  Messrs. 
Vanmeter  were  also  inclined  to  the  belief  that 
the  "more  of  the  old  Duke's  blood  the  better." 
The  pronounced  success  of  such  bulls  as  Dun- 
can's Duke  2743,  Airdrie  2478,  Sweepstakes 
6230,  Joe  Johnson  10294,  Airdrie  Duke  5306, 
Dick  Taylor  5508  and  of  the  Loudon  Duchesses, 
etc.,  established  thoroughly  the  popularity  of 
Bates  sires  in  Kentucky;  and  Mr.  Renick's 
skillful  concentration  of  Airdrie  and  Rose  of 
Sharon  blood  rooted  the  idea  firmly  in  the 
minds  of  most  of  the  Kentucky  breeders  that 
by  a  system  of  in-and-in  or  line  breeding  based 
on  the  use  of  Bates  bulls  the  best  Short-horns 


SOMK    HLSTOUK;    KKNTIU'KY    STOCK. 


3;]  I 


were  likoly  to  be  produced.     Pronounced  style 
f^ood  s(.ale,  level  liui^s  and  great  finish  were 
nirdinal  points  with  those  who  were  most  ac- 
tive in  shai»ing  the  course  of  Short-horn  breed- 
ing in  the  W(.st  at  this  time.    These  character- 
istics were  secured  and  thoroughly  established 
largely  through  the  use  of  the  sons,  grandsons 
(laugliters  and  granddaughters  of  imp.  Duke  of 
Airdne.    Such  was  the  general  situation,  there- 
tore,  at  the  time  when  Illinois  and  other  West- 
ern States  began  stocking  up  largely  with  Short- 
liorns;  the  foundation  animals  for  nearly  all  of 
the  leading  Western  herds  l)eing  secured  from 
Kentucky  sources. 

An  unbiased  and  thoroughly  capable  judge 
who  visited  the  herds  of  Kentucky  at  intervds 
(luring  this  period-the  late  Simon  Beattie  of 
Uinada  and  Annan,  Scotland-called  the  atten- 
lon  of  the  breeders  of  that  State  to  the  fact 
luit  while  they  were  securing  a  marked  uni- 
tormity,  fine  heads,  a  beautiful  finish  and  gav 
carriage  by  this  system  of  close  breeding  they 
were  at  the  same  time  sacrificing  heavy  flesh 
substance  and  hair,  and  'Svorking  their  cattle 
toward  a  leggy  type,  thin  about  their  rumps 
thighs  and  hind  quarters."    In  rebuttal  of  this 
criticism  Mr.  Alexander's  Mazurkas  were  cited 
as  a  tamily  that  had  escaped  those  defects,  but 
the  act  was  promptly  pointed  out  by  Mr.  Beat- 
tie  that  imp.  Mazurka  was  by  Mr.  Booth's  Har- 


llllu 


332 


A    lIISTUItY    OF   SHORT-HORN   OATTLK. 


binger  and  her  dam  by  Mr.  Lax's  Baron  of  Ilav- 
ensworth—both  bulls  that  imparted  short  le^s 
and  thick  flesh  to  nearly  all  their  ofPspring. 
Mr.  John  Tliornton,  the  able  English  live-stock 
auctioneer,  who  visited  the  States  in  1869,  ap- 
parently approved  of  this  observation  of  Mr. 
Beattie's  in  a  measure,  for  he  was  quoted  as  say- 
ing that  he  regarded  the  Mazurkas  as  the  most 
promising  foundation  for  a  Hue  family  of  cattle 
of  any  one  sort  he  had  seen  in  America. 


iii 


V    -.4 


Uav- 

ring. 

itock 

,  ap- 

Mr. 

s-iy- 

nost 
ittle 


\^il 


CHAPTER    XII. 


PROGRESS  IN  THE  CENTRAL  WEST. 

J'"'-''  }!oI  .'^''''^^  ^"^  *^^  ^^^««  «f  the  Civil 
War  m  1865  importations  of  Short-horns  had 
practically  ceased;  and  during  a  great  portion 
Ox  uuit  time  values  ruled  so  low  that  there  was 
itt le  encouragement  for  those  engaged  in  the 
racle     The  financial  crash  of  1857,  with  the 
War  of  tne  Rebellion  in  its  train,  put  a  damper 
upon  enterprise  in  this  direction.    Kentucky 
the  active  center  of   Short-horn  breeding  in 
America  at  this  time,  was  a  border  State  be- 
tween the  North  and  Sou^h  and  was  a  theater 
of  military  operations.    A  few  of  the  leading 
breeders,  Mr.  R.  A.  Alexander  among  the  num 
ber,  sent  their  Short-horns  north  of  the  Ohio 
River  for  safety,  the  Woodburn  cattle  being 
placed  temporarily  in  the  charge  of  Mr  J  M 
Woodruff  of  Nineveh,  Ind.    Otlfers  drove  their 
pets  mto  their  most  secluded  pastures,  hiding 
them  as  best  they  might  when  the  exigencies 
of  the  occasion  called  for  special  care,  and 
-led  their  time.    With  the  advent  of  peace 
the  business  entered  upon  an  extraordinary  pe- 
nod  of  expansion  toward  the  West,  to  which 
section  we  must  now  direct  our  attention 

(338) 


(llrff.li* 


i-k  ■■ 


Hi 


h'l 


884   A  HISTORY  OF  SHORT-HORN  CATTLE. 

First  Illinois  herds.— Virginia  carried  the 
Short-honi  colors  into  Ohio  and  Kentucky,  hiv] 
emigrants  from  those  States  in  turn  bore  the 
banner  of  the  "  red,  white  and  roans''  into  Indi- 
ana, Illinois  and  Missouri,  from  which  vantage 
grounds  the  breed  ultimately  spread  through- 
out the  entire  West. 

The  earliest  introduction  of  Short- horn  bk)od 
into  Illinois  was  made  by  Capt.  James  N.  Brown 
of   Grove  Park,  Sangamon  County^  who  had 
previously  bred  and  shown  cattle  successfully 
in  Kentucky.    The  herd  at  Grove  Park  was 
founded  in  1834.    The  stock  was  brought  from 
Kentucky,  probably  the  most  noted  of  the  ear- 
lier members  of  the  herd  being  the  cow  Lady 
McAllister,  for  which  $900  was  paid  in  1837.    In 
1852  he  bought  in  Kentucky  the  cows  Beauty 
and  Miss  Warfield  and  the  bull  Vandal  1065. 
These  were  followed  two  years  later  by  such 
animals  as  Margaretta,  Bentona,  Stella,  Sally 
Campbell,  Lulu  and  Tuscaloosa.    In  1856  Capt. 
Brown   bought  in   Kentucky  Queen  Victoria, 
Maude  and  Orphan  2d.    These  cattle  and  others 
purchased  subsequently  by  Capt.   Brown,   in 
common  with  most  of  the  other  stock  of  that 
period,  carried  more  or  less  of  the  blood  of  the 
importation  of    1817.     In  the   meantime  (in 
1854)  he  had  purchased  in  Ohio  the  imported 
bull  Young  Whittington  and  the  imported  cow 
Picotee  and  bull  calf  Buckeye.    In  1857  Capt. 


PROGRESS  IN  THE  CENTRAL  WEST, 


335 


Brown  organized  and  directed  the  notable  im- 
portation from  England  listed  on  page  276,  se- 
curing for  his  own  herd  the  $3,025  cow  Rachel 
3(1,  the  $1,325  roan  heifer  Western  Lady  and  an 
interest  in  the  bull  King  Alfred  (14760).  The 
drove  Park  Herd  was  shown  with  more  or  less 
regularity  at  the  Morgan  and  Sangamon  County 
Fairs  until  the  establishment  of  the  Illinois 
State  Fair  in  1853  and  the  St.  Louis  Fair  in 
18o6. 

Capt.  Brown's  brother.  Judge  William  Brown 
of  Jacksonville,  was  a  partner  in  some  of  these 
earlier  operations,  and  Col.  G.  M.  Chambers  of 
Jacksonville  was  also  associated  with  him  in 
the  purchase  of  stock  brought  from  Ohio     His 
neighbor  and  kinsman,  Hon.  J.  D.  Smith,  also 
l)egan  breeding  Short-horns  during  this  period, 
and  at  a  somewhat  later  date  Judge  Stephen 
Dunlap  of    Morgan  County  founded  a  herd 
Prior  to  1840  Messrs.  E.  B.  Hitt  &  Bro.  introduced 
Miort-horns  into  Scott  County,  and  in  that  same 
year  Messrs.  Samuels  and  Forsythe  brought 
lu  w^:at  was  afterward  the  foundation  herd  of 
the  Messrs.  Dunlap.    In  1853  Messrs.  Calef  and 
Jacoby  shipped  some  good  Short-horns  into  D- 
hnois  from  Kentucky,  tlie  latter  making  a  fine 
exhibit  at  the  first  Illinois  State  Fair.    In  this 
connection  it  may  be  stated  that  prior  to  1856 
Messrs.  Calef  and  Jacoby  had  acquired  and  fed 
100  head  of  high-grade  Short-horn  steers  that 


i 

1 
! 

i 

^v^-  '^  .1 

,  a 

i 

■ '  4 

336 


A   HISTORY   OP   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


were  marketed  at  an  average  weight  of  1,965 
lbs.— a  fact  which  did  much  to  attract  the  at- 
tention of  Illinois  farmers  to  the  value  of  the 
blood.    About  this  same  time  Mr.  B.  F.  Harris 
of   Champaign  County  collected  a  lot  of  100 
grade  steers  that  were  fed  to  the  enormous  av- 
erage weight  of  2,377  lbs.    While  such  weights 
are  not  wanted  at  the  present  time,  this  feed- 
ing experiment  served  as  a  great  advertisement 
for  Short-horn   blood.    About   1851  Mr.  John 
Huston,  father  of  the  late  Rigdon  Huston,  in- 
troduced Short-horns  into  McDonough  County, 
and  the  Hon.  John  Wentworth  of    Chicago 
also  entered  the  list  of  breeders.    The  Went- 
worth   Herd   was  one  of   the   oldest  in  the 
Northwest.    Its  owner  was  a  man  of  gigantic 
stature— familiarly  known  as  "  Long  John  "— 
who  was  prominent  in  the  politics  of  the  State 
of  Illinois  and  amassed  a  large  fortune  in  Chi- 
cago.   He  drew  most  of  his  foundation  stock 
from  the  East,  but  bought  also  from  his  early 
Illinois  contemporaries.    His  farm  was  located 
at    Summit,    Cook    County.    Mr.   Wentworth 
maintained  the  herd  continuously  until   his 
death,  which  occurred  some  fifteen  years  since, 
and  a  peculiar  feature  of  his  management  was 
the  fact  that  he  was  in  the  habit  of  putting  a 
uniform  price  of  $100  per  head  upon  his  crop  of 
bulls  irrespective  of  breeding  or  quality.   With 
his  customers  it  was  "first  come  first  served." 


PROGRESS  IN   THE   CENTRAL    WEST.  337 

While  we  cannot  undertake  in  the  space  at 
our  command  to  particularize  concerning  all 
of  the  many  herds  established  in  Illinois  in 
Mte-bellmn  da,ys,  we  may  mention  the  followintr 
owners  of  registered  stock,  some  of  whom  con- 
mued  m  the  business  for  many  years  and 
achieved  great  reputation:    Stephen  Durlap 
J.  a.  Strawn,  Elliot  Stevenson,  John  P   Hen 
H  m-r''    P  ^"""'^'^  °*  ^"'S^  County;  R. 
and  Godfrey  &  Sumner  of  Knox  County  Tru- 
man Humphreys,  Peoria  County;  J.  C   Bone 
W.lham  B  Smith  &  Bros,  and  H.  H.  JaX 
Sangamon  County;  J.  M.  Hill,  Cass  County;  J 
H.  hpears,  J.  W.  Judy  and  James  Purkapil^  of 
Menard  County;  E.  L.  Gilham  of  Scott  County- 

Aill  of  Will  County;  Davis  Lowman  of  Stark 
County;  AG  Carle  of  Champaign  CountyTs 
S  Brown  of  Jo  Daviess  County;  William  Bfeck 
of  Greene  County;  A.  Kershaw  of  Duna^e 
County;  The  Bishop  Hill  Colony  of  Henfv 
County;  J.  P.  Reynolds  and  Ed  Bebb  of  Wil 
"f'^f  0  Co"°ty;  Thomas  Wray  and  D  B  Tears 
0  McHenry  County;  Ralph  Anderson,  Jan" 
Makepeace  and  S.  Simpkins  of  Pike  County 

E.  C.  Marks  of  La  Salle  County;  George  M 
Bedjnger  of  McLean  Count,:  A.  W.  BoX!f 
W,n  County;  D.  J.  Townsend,  Kendall  County; 

F.  Hu^dson,  Edwards  County;  Green  &  Davis 


1  d 


338 


A    HISTORY   OF    SHORT-HORN    CATTLE. 


(i'  I 


IV. 


'■'  i  I 


I 

■i 

1 

4 

.  ^^^H 

91 

MJiL 

.4 
r 

If 

^ 

BH 

and  W.  Marks,  La  Salle  County;  Charles  Mer- 
riam  and  S.  W.  Ball  of  Madison  County;  A. 
Pyle,  St.  Clair  County;  George  Severs  and  W. 
W.  Parrish,  Kankakee  County;  Caleff  &  Jacoby, 
Piatt  County;  H.  C.  Johns,  Macon  County; 
Parks  &  Trundell,  Mercer  County;  H.  N.  Crossj 
Jersey  County;  M.  W.  Riggs,  Scott  County- 
David  Graft,  Woodford  County;  and  Messrs. 
Green,  Paul  &  Wurts  of  McLean  County. 

Early  Indiana  breeders.— Short-horns  were 
introduced  into  Indiana  soon  after  the  importa- 
tions of  the  Ohio  Co.  in  1836,  at  several  differ- 
ent points.    The  late  Dr.  A.  C.  Stevenson  of 
Greencastle  was  the  "Nestor"  of  Short-horn 
breeding  in  the  "  Hoosier"  State.    We  have  al- 
ready referred  (on  page  275)  to  his  importation 
from  England,  consisting  of  four  heifers  and 
two  bulls,  made  in  1853.    He  had  been  inter- 
ested in  Short-horn  cattle  for  some  years  prior 
to  that  date,  having  used  the  Ruby  bull  Mon- 
arch 717,  that  was  bred  in  Kentucky  in  1845. 
By  both  example  and  precept  Dr.  Stevenson 
never  lost  an  opportunity  to  impress  upon  the 
farmers  of  his  State  the  advantages  of  good 
blood,  and  he  maintained  his  interest  in  tlie 
trade  until  his  death,  at  a  very  advanced  age, 
a  few  years  since. 

The  late  Gen.  Meredith,  who  bought  his  Oak- 
land farm  adjoining  Cambridge  City,  in  Wayne 
County,  in  1851,  was  one  of  the  most  prominent 


PROGRESS   IN   THE   CENTRAL  WEST.  339 

of  the  early  Indiana  breeders,  and  afterward 
acquired  international  reputation  for  his  herd 
He  was  a  native  of  North  Carolina,  but  removed 
to  Indiana  about  1830.    He  was  a  man  of  no- 
table physique,  standing  six  feet  seven  inches 
ni  height,  and  for  a  number  of  years  was  one 
of  the  most  conspicuous  figures  in  the  frater- 
nity of  American  Short-horn  cattle-breeders 
His  entire  life  was  marked  by  that  same  deter- 
mination and  perseverance  that  impelled  him 
when  little  more  than  a  lad  to  make  the  toil- 
some journey  from  North  Carolina  over  the 
mountains  into  the  West  on  foot  and  after  ar- 
ming to  work  for  |6  per  month  cutting  wood 
He  bought  his  first  Short-horn  buH  in  1836  and 

nTof  fon^T  "''*^^  ^'^  ^^^*^^'  which  occu'rred 
uct.  Jl,  1875,  he  never  lost  his  interest  in  the 
breed.    He  was   closely  associated   with  the 
eadiiig  breeders  of  his  time,  included  among 
his  earlier  Short-horn-loving  friends  being  such 
men  as  Samuel  Thorne,  Lewis  G.  Morris,  Lewis 
K  Allen  and  Robert  A.  Alexander.    The  foun- 
dation cows  for  the  Meredith  herd  were  bought 
mainly  in  Kentucky.    The  first  notable  pur- 
chase of  a  bull  was  the  Bates  Wild  Eyes  imp 
Balco  (9918),  the  highest-priced  bull  of  his  fam- 
ily at  the  Kirklevington  dispersion  sale,  men- 
tioned on  page  240.     It  was  something  of  an 
uiK  ertaking  to  transport  him  from  New  York 
to  Indiana  in  those  days.    A  letter  written  by 


(it!!'        /    ^  ' 


m 


340        A   HISTORY   OP   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 

his  former  owner,  Col.  Morris,  accompanied 
Balco  on  the  trip  addressed  to  "Railroad  and 
steamboat  agents  en  route  to  Cambridge  City." 
bespeaking  special  attention  to  the  wants  of 
"this  very  valuable  bull." 

Gen.  Meredith  was  an  exhibitor  at  the  first 
United  States  Cattle  Show,  held  at  Springfield, 
0.,  in  1857,  where  a  prize  of  $500  was  offered 
for  the  best  Short-horn  herd.    There  were  five 
herds  in  competition— two  from  Ohio,  two  from 
Kentucky  and  Gen,  Meredith's  from  Indiana. 
There  were  five  judges,  tw^o  of  which  voted 
for  the  Indiana  herd,  two  for  the  Ohio  herd  and 
one  for  the  Kentucky  herd.    After  two  days' 
fruitless  balloting  the  committee  unanimously 
made  the  rather  remarkable  recommendation 
that  no  premium  be  bestowed,  but  that,  instead, 
the  money  remain  in  the  society's  treasury! 
And  it  was  so  (ordered.     Gen.  Meredith  was 
considered  a  fine  judge  not  only  of  cattle  but 
of  Southdown  sheep,  improved  swine  and  high- 
class  horses,  and  unquestionably  rendered  the 
farmers  of  the  State  of  his  adoption  signal  ser- 
vice along  the  line  of  live-stock  breeding.    He 
was  a  gallant  soldier  during  the  War  of  the 
Rebellion,  commanding  the  famous  "  Iron  Bri- 
gade" at  the  battle  of  Gettysburg.    We  shall 
have  occasion  a  little  further  on  to  make  refer- 
ences to  some  of  the  more  valuable  animals 
included  in  the  Oakland  Herd  in  its  prime. 


PROGRESS    IN   THE    CENTRAL   WEST.  341 

Thos  Wilhoit  Of  Henry  County  was  another 
ot  the  Indiana  pioneers  whose  herd  achieved 
celebrity.     He  began  with  Short-horns  in  1851 
when  he  bought  of  Milton  Thornburgof  Wayne 
County  two   heifers  and  a  bull.     They  were 
good  cattle  for  that  day,  although  unrecorded 
It  IS  related  that  Mr.  Wilhoit  paid  $35  per  head 
for  these  unregistered  animals,  and  his  neigh- 
bors and  friends  considered  this  pure  extrava- 
gance and  laughed  at  what  they  termed  his 
tolly.    His  experience  with  them  was  never- 
theless so  satisfactory  that  in  later  years  he 
made  several  journeys  to  Kentucky,  selecting 
animals  approaching  as  nearly  as  possible  his 
ideal  as  represented  in   the  beef  type      He 
bought  four  heifers  from  H.  H.  Hankins  of 
Ohio  and  also  purchased  females  from  W  H 
Richardson  and  the  administrator  of  T.  G  Sud- 
duth  of  Kentucky,  paying  as  high  as  $500  for 
snigle  animals.   Subsequently  the  Wilhoit  herd 
developed  into  one  of  the  best  in  the  Western 
States,  largely  through  the  use  of  the  Booth- 
bred  Forest  Richard  and  Scotch  bulls,  reference 
to  which  will  be  made  further  on. 

Other  enterprising  men  who  helped  to  intro- 
duce the  breed  into  Indiana  were  J.  M.  Wood- 
ruff of  Johnson  County,  in  whose  hands  Mr 
K.  A.  Alexander  placed  the  Woodburn  Herd  for 
safe-keeping  during  the  Civil  War;  A.  Root 
Lake  County;  Chas.  Lowder,  Hendricks  County- 


linii 


m 


li.;; 


342 


A    IIISTOUY    OF    SIlOliT-IIOIlN    CATTLE. 


W.  W.  Thnishei-,  Fayette  County;  J.  1).  Wilson, 
Greensburg;  Alfred  and  Washington  Hadley, 
Parke  County;  Smith  Wooters,  Union  County- 
Jacob  Taylor,  Henry  County;  Joseph  Allen,  1(. 
N.  Allen  and  Messrs.  Farrow  of  Putnam  County- 
James  Wright,  Franklin  County;  Messrs.  Lott 
and  T.  S.  Mitchell,  Jefferson  County;  Thos.  E. 
Talbot,  Madison  County;  John  Owen,  Monroe 
County;  Levi  Druley,  George  Davidson  and  L. 
F.  Van  Schoick  of  Wayne  County;  Eli  Harvey, 
Addison  Hadley  and  Sidney  Hadley  of  Morgan 
County;  W.  I.  Walker  of  La  Porte  County;  J. 
W.  L.  Matlock,  Abram  Hoadley,  V.  Lingenfel- 
ter  and   Alfred  Coffin  of   Hendricks  County; 
Messrs.  Scholfield,  Johnson  County;  Joseph  H.' 
Hendricks    and    John    R.   Cravens,    Jefferson 
County;  Rockhill  &  Nelson  and  L.  S.  Bayless, 
Allen  County;  Nicholas  Druley,  Union  County, 
and  E.  Pierce,  Whitley  County. 

Pioneer  breeders  of  Michigan.— In  1843  Mr. 
A.  S.  Brooks  of  Oakland  County,  who  had  re- 
moved to  Michigan  from  New  York  several 
years  previous,  ordered  sent  from  York  State 
three  heifer  calves  and  a  bull  calf,  all  to  be  pure- 
bred Short-horns.  With  the  cows  came  a  lot  of 
Merino  lambs.  After  a  perilous  journey  on  the 
lake  from  Buffalo  they  were,  through  the  care- 
lessness of  an  attendant,  turned  loose  in  the 
streets  of  Detroit  and  were  not  located  until 
three  days  afterward.    They  were  then  driven 


PROGRESS   IN   THE    CENTRAL    WEST. 


343 


frf)m  Detroit  to  Mr.  Brook's  farm.    Some  idea 
of  the  discouragement  wliich  attended  early 
vpiitures  of   this  sort  in  the   West   may  be 
j^lejined  from  the  fact  that  one  of  his  neigh- 
l)()rs  remarked  after  the  arrival  of  this  stock: 
"The  calves  are  a  very  good  lot,  hut  the  bull 
has  evidently  been  fed  on  shortcake  and  honey. 
Hut  I  do  not  see  what  you  wanted  to  bring 
those  little  lambs  so  far  for.     It  would  take  a 
dozen  of  them  to  make  a  pot-pie."    The  critic 
was  a  man  by  the  name  of  Chapman,  and  his 
was  not  the  first  instance  on  record  where  one 
who  "came  to  scoff  remained  to  pray."    Mr. 
Chapman  was  the  first  to  buy  a  Short-horn 
heifer  calf  from  Mr.  Brooks,  for  which  he  paid 
the  munificent  sum  of  $10!    It  must  be  remem- 
bered that  this  was  an  era  of  very  low  prices 
and  scarce  money  in  the  West,  and  the  fact 
tliat  Mr.  Brooks  sold  a  calf  for  such  a  price 
fairly  established  his  reputation  as  a  cattle- 
breeder,  for  the  simple  reason  that  one  could 
buy  a  cow  at  that  period  for  the  price  named.* 
The  first  Michigan  State  Fair  was  held  at  De- 
troit in  1849,  and  Short-horns  were  exhibited 
by  Messrs.  Brooks  and  Ira  Phillips.     The  fol- 
lowing year  the  show  was  held  at  Ann  Arbor, 
and  it  is  recorded  that  there  were  thirty-four 
head  of  Short-horns  on  exhibition  distributed 


: 


,!  i 


♦Paper  by  N.  A.  Clapp  before  the  Michigan  State  Short-horn  Breeders' 
Association,  1881. 


844 


A    msTOUY    OF   HTIOUT-FTOUN    TATTLE. 


411^    il 


Ni 


lunoii^'  iiiiicltMMi  I)I'(mmUm*s.     Soiih^  of  Mnvso  wore, 
liowovor,  imahlo   to   prrsciit,   Hjitist'aictory  ovi- 
(l(MicOM  of  inuv  limrdiii^r  aiid   wcm-o  classfMl  as 
^nudos.     In   1851   tlu^   Shori-honi  (v\hil)it   liiid 
iiicrojisod    to  thirty-spvon   lH>a,(l.     in    185:$  Mr. 
Hroolvs  sold  at   auction   liis  herd  of  jioii-pedi- 
^'hhmI  stock,  and  tlion  hrouj^dit  from  Now  York 
tho  l)ull  Yonondco  11  Hi,  siivd  hy  Old  Sjdcndor 
7(»7  of  tlio  \V(mI(IIc  stock.     Ho  also  bou^dit  tlio 
yoarli!)<r  IkmIVi-  Katinni,  forwiiiidi  ho  paid  $2')i\ 
and  in  IS5Stlu^  iniporiod  Hwynntic(»w  Cain  ilia, 
'riioso  pnrchas(\s  woro  followed  by  tlio  hull  dolni 
oMiannt  1707,1,  a.  wliito,  sinMl  by  imp.  John  o' 
Hannt  (IHi'JDontof  imp.  Ilomolia,,  brouj.(lit  out 
from  Kn}j:liind  by  Morris  A:  Hocarin  1S54.     Soon 
aftor  Hiis  it  is  statin!   that  Mr.  Hrooks  sold  a 
pair  of  two-yoar-old  Short-horn  stoors  for  the 
vory  ^n-atifyin^r  ^^'Wo  of  |*J'2S.5().     ThiH  was  in 
ISOO.     Soon  afterward  ho  brod  a  vory  famous 
whito  hoiftn-  that  att  ractod  tho  attontion  of  en- 
torprising  farmers  Hironghont  tlio  ontiro  State. 
Sho  was  fatttMied  and  bought  l)y  Mr.  Wm.  Smith 
of  Deti-oit,  with  tho  expectation  of  e\poitin<,' 
her  to  England  for  exhibiti(m  at  tho  Smithlioi'l 
Show.    This  })roject  was  not  carrieci  out,  how- 
ever, and  she  was  slaughtered  in  J)etroit.     I mp. 
Camilla  gave  Mr.  Brooks  the  bidl  Sunrise  4411. 
Ho  was  white  in  color,  symmetrical  in  form, 
and   <;!   extraordinary  handling  quality.     He 
reijuaiiod  at  tho  head  of  the  herd  until  tive 


PKOORKSS   IN   THK  CKNTUAL    VVKST.  345 

VTiu-H  oM,  jirid  his  (loHcendjints  worn  for  many 
vrars  much  sought  jil'tor  hy  Michigan  hvvM- 


rvs. 


iM  1847  Ucorgo  W.Phillips  of  I?omno  hogan 
lMce.h.ig  from  cows  doscondod  from  th(3  imnor- 
tiii'onsof  Messrs.  Wochncsuid  Ncwholdof  N(3w 
Vo.kh.s  first,  bull  hoing  Young  Splendor  3GI1. 
Ill   IMS   hdward   liclknap  of  .Jackson  County 
I'MiiMlcd  a  herd  with  the  hull  American  (^omot 
a  so.,  of  the  Hell-Bates  cow  imp.  ililpa,  at  thj 
iK'ad.    Mr.    lUdknap's    foundation    ('ow    was 
Msiello   2d,  dasceiidod   from   Whitaker  stock. 
Messrs.    Mooro   of  Kahimazoo   County   owned 
ii    lew  Short-horns    in    the   early   fifties     fn 

IS57Mr.J).M.lIhlofYpsiUtntiappearHasaa 
ox  Mh^..r  and  breeder.     About  the  same  time 
Silas  Sly  of  Wayne  County  engaged  in  the  trade 
and  was  a  successful  showman  at  the  Michigan 
State  lairs.     In  18.55  Mr.  .T.  U.  Crippen  of  Cold- 
water  entered  the  lists  and  pushed  the  breed 
with  vigor,    lie  was  quite  an  extensive  breeder 
and  did  much  to  encourage  the  use  of  Short- 
liorii    hulls   throughout   the    State.     In    the 
•spring  of  18.57  William  Curtis  &  Sons  of  Hills- 
•lule  County  laid  the   foundation   of  a  herd 
wluch  afterward  became  very  prominent  in 
the  State       n   18G1   they  bought  the  entire 
Cnppen  herd,  and  in    1804  secured  the   bull 
Llewellyn   (io9(i   from   J.  0.  Sheldon  of  New 
iuik.    They  afterward  visited  Kentuckv  and 


M-Sl 


34G 


A    HISTORY   OP   SHORT-HORN   C.TTLE. 


l\ 


purchased  females  of  the  Illustrious,  Hui-riot, 
Young  Mary,  Young  Phyllis  and  White  Kosg 
tribes,  as  wAl  as  the  bull  J.  E.  B.  Stuart,  tluit 
was  shown  w^tli  great  success.  Other  Michigan 
breeders  recording  in  Vol.  V  of  the  Herd  Book, 
issued  in  LSCl,  were  13.  J.  Bidwell  of  Tecumseh— 
who  seems  to  have  started  his  herd  with  cattle 
purchased  mainly  in  Ohio  and  Kentucky;  his 
foundation  stock  consisting  largely  of  "Seven- 
teens,"  Daisys  {hy  Wild),  Amelias,  tic. — and  M. 
Shoemaker  of  Jackson,  whose  Belleflowers  (of 
the  Pansy  tribe)  obtainecl  a  good  local  reputa- 
tion. The  latter  also  had  the  Estervilles  of  the 
E.  r.  Prentice  (N.  Y.)  stock. 

Amos  F.  Wood  of  Mason  became  interested 
in  Short-horn  breeding  as  early  as  1852  in  the 
State  of  New  York  before  his  removal  to  Mich- 
igan. In  1S67  he  brought  to  the  latter'  State 
representatives  of  several  well-known  Eastern 
families,  such  as  Pansy,  by  Blaize,  and  Bright 
Eyes,  by  Favorite.  lie  bred  these  two  families 
until  1872,  when  he  added  another  Pansy  and 
a  Bloom  heifer.  He  continued  breeding  from 
this  stock  until  June,  1874,  when  they  were 
sold  at  auction  at  an  average  of  $271.50.  Mr. 
Wood  was  a  Short-horn  enthusiast  and  after- 
ward esta,])lished  another  herd. 

First  Short-horns  west  of  the  Mississippi.— 
The  first  pedigreed  Short-horn  cattle  taken  west 
of  the  Mississippi  River  of  which  we  have  any 


m 


PKOORESS   IN   THE   CENTRAL   WEST.  347 

record   were   those  with  wliich   the  late  N 
J^onard  founc^d  his  Raven.wood  Herd  in  Coo-' 

^o^n  .  '■^''r'  "'  '«*»'  "-^  ^'""h  date 
Ml.  Leonard  bought  from  George  Kenick  of 
0  .0  the  bull  Comet  Star  967fi.    It  i,  "'  nter- 

'1 ,"  r  .  "'"*  ^'■"'  '^'■"''^•^'y  ^'he  first  pedl 
!^^eed  Short-liorn  bull  ever  seen  in  the  trans- 
Misassippi  region,  was  a  white.  He  was  a 
yearling  sired  by  imp.  Comet  Halley  (1855)  out 
of  ,n,p  Evening  Star.  Along  with  1  im  came 
H.e  he.fer  Queen,  i,y  imp.  Acmon  (1606)  out 
of  MyPaley  by  Rantipole  8S5;  second  dam 
.mp.  Flora  by  son  of  Young  Albion  (15)     F^- 

m"  nSd'Th  "'  *""'  ^'I'^  ^"^  respective!; 

0 ,  tl,i^n?-     m'^-  ''^"'  ''"PP"''  ^''^  steamer 
on  the  Ohio   Mississippi  and  Missouri  Rivers 

«ing  landed  at  Boonevilleat  large  expen  Ifor 
transportation.  From  these  Mr  Leonard  bild 
a  number  of  fine  cattle,  and  thei  with  thTir 
pmduce,  were  exhibited  at  the  e^ifet  Mi  ! 

o„n  fairs.     Thus  was  the  breed  inttduml 
nto  the  farther  West;  the  Ravenswood  Short 

orns  commanding  the  admiration  of  the  1- 
"«;';  f'"-'f'-^  «f  that  period.    I„  1853  Mr  Leon 
f  bought  the  bull  Malcolm  104;W.  a  red  i^n 

W.1   rAt       ^"^'^  "™-     ^''^  «'■«'  "«tate  fair" 

•I.Leonard  being  an  exhibitor  and  receiving 
"-ny  prizes.    He  contii,  ,cd  to  exhilit  stock 


''¥, 

i 


nil 


■flijai 


348 


A    HISTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


at  various  fairs,  alwa.ys  with  success  until  the 
breaking  out  of  the  Civil  War. 

The  early  volumes  of  the  herd  book  indicate 
that  i)ure-bred  Sliort-horus  were  owned  in  Mis- 
souri prior  to  and  during  the  early  days  of  the 
war  by  the  following:     Thomas  S.  ITutchinson. 
who  w^as  associated  with  Mr.  Leonard;  Elisha 
N.  Warfield,  Horace  II.  Brand  and  David  Cas- 
tleman  of  Cooper  County;  II.  Larimoi-e,  Calla- 
w^ay  County;  James  E.  Hughes,  Pettis  County; 
Alessrs.  BrowU;  Saline  County;  James  Doneghy, 
Jackson  County;  Messrs.  Hubbell,  Ray  County- 
Lewis  Bryan,  Elmira;  J.  A.  Talley,  St.  Charles 
County;  B,  S.  Wilson,  Booneville;  W.  D.  Mc- 
Donald, Gallatin;   D.  K.  Pitman,   St.  Charles 
County,  and  Messrs.  ]\IcHatton  and  Phillips  of 
St.   Louis  County.    At  a  little    later    period 
Messrs.  II.  V.  P.  Block  of  Pike  County,  Richard 
and  William  Gentry  of  Sedalia;  C.  E.  Leonard, 
Jeff  Bridgford,  John  G.  Cowan,  the  Duncans,  J. 
H.  Kissinger  and  many  others  became  promi- 
nent in  the  trade. 

Foundation  Stock  in  Iowa.— In  the  report 
of  the  ninth  Iowa  State  Fair,  which  was  held 
in  1862,  it  is  stated  that  Judge  T.  S.  Wilson  of 
Dubuque  was  a  breeder  of  Short-horns  twenty 
years  prior  to  that  date,  which  w^oukl  indicate 
that  specimens  of  the  breed  were  taken  to  Iowa 
as  early  as  1842.  He  exhibited  at  the  fair  inen- 
tioned  a  wdiite  bull  called  Rocket.    At  the  first 


I 


PROGRESS  IN  THE  CENTRAL  WEST.    349 

I(.\\a  State  Fair,  which  was  held  at  Fairfield  in 
1854,  Mr.  IT.  (I.  Stuart  of  Lee  County  and  Tim- 
othy Day  of  Van  IJuren  County  exhibited  Short- 
horns, or  "Durhams,"  as  they  were  then  com- 
monly called  in  the  West.     In  1858  J.  H.  Wal- 
hice,  at  that  time  Secretary  of  the  Iowa  State 
Agricultural  Society,  published  what  he  termed 
the  Iowa  Herd  Book  and  continued  it  for  a  few 
years.    An  examination  of  these  volumes  shows 
no  record  of  cattle  calved  prior  to  1849,  and 
most  of  them  wei-e  bred  in  the  early  fifties. 
Col.  E.  W.  Lucas  of  Iowa  City  bought  a  Short- 
horn bull  as  early  as  1845,  and  there  is  a  record 
of  a  pure-bred  bull  having  been  taken  into  Mus- 
catuie  County  by  Charles  A.  Warfield  in  1841. 
These  are  the  first  references  we  have  to  the 
introduction  of  the  breed  into  the  '"Hawkeve" 
State.-'i^  ^ 

So  far  as  herd-book  records  reveal  the  facts 
the  first  pure-bred  Short-horn  produced  in  the 
State  of  Iowa  was  the  bull  Marion  1833,  regis- 
tered as  bred  by  and  the  property  of  Samuel 
Holhngsworth,  Pilot  Grove,  Lee  County,  calved 
April  4, 18ol,  sired  by  Fremont  516  and  tracing 
on  dam's  side  to  Lady  Washington  by  Diomed 
md  to  have  been  imr)orted  in  1837,  but  as  to 
the  facts  connected  with  her  importation  all 
^hort-horn  records  are  silent.  Mr.  Hollings- 
worth  seems  to  have  owned  several  females  be- 

•we  are  Indebted  for  these  facts  to  Mr.  H.  W.  Lathrop  of  Ijwa  City. 


i-i 


<\ 


m 


iU 


ill! 


i  ■ 

}  ^   ; 

I 

I       1 

IMI:^: 

i 

.J 

lawPSiHI 

m 

J 

111 

I 

_•;.; 

r 

1' 

350   A  HISTORY  OP  SHORT-HORN  CATTLE. 

longing  to  this  same  Lady  Washington  family, 
which  will  be  found  recorded  in  the  early  vol- 
umes of  the  herd  book.  We  should  place  the 
beginning  of  his  work  a  few  years  prior  to 
1850. 

Mr.  Timothy  Day  of  Van  Buren  County  was 
one  of  the  first  to  begin  in  a  systematic  way 
the  breeding  of  registered  Short-horn  cattle  in 
Iowa.     He  commenced  about  1854,  his  founda- 
tion stock  being  obtained  mainly  from  Ken- 
tucky, and  consisted   of   animals  descending 
from  the  importation  of  1817.     The  earliest 
sires  used  in  his  herd  seem  to  have  been  Fill 
more  2855,  a  light  roan,  bred  by  E.  CI.  Bedford 
and  sired  by  the  Louan  show  bull  Perfection 
810,  and  Star  of  the  West  3469,  a  Mrs.  Motte 
bull  of  Brutus  J.  Clay's   breeding.    He  also 
seems  to  have  used  the  bull  Nicholas  Jr.  752.  a 
white,  bred  by  Jere  Duncan  and  sired  by  D"Ot- 
hy  432,  tracing  to  imp.  Fashion.     At  least  he 
recorded  females  in  Vol.  IV  of  the  American 
Herd  Book,  entering  them  as  bred  by  himself 
and  sired  by  that  bull.    It  is  possible  that  he 
simply  bought  the  dams  in  Kentucky  in  calf 
to  this  bull  and  recorded  the  progeny  as  his 
own  breeding  on  account  of  their  having  been 
dropped  in  his  possession.    During  the  great 
extension  of  Short-horn  breeding  in  the  West, 
following  the  War  of  the  Rebellion,  the  Day 
herd  became  one  of  the   most  prominent  in 


PROGRESS   IN    THE    CENTRAL   WEST.  351 

the  Western  States  through  the  enterprise  of 
Messrs.  A.  H.  &  I.  B.  Day,  who  purchased  and 
bred  some  I  the  best  cattle  ever  owned  in  the 
State  of  Iowa,  and  exhibited  them  with  suc- 
cess m  competition  with  the  leading  herds  of 
the  time. 

Contemporary  with  the  elder  Day,  Mr  H  G 
Stuart  of  Lee  County  founded  a  herd  and  bred 
Short-horns  in  considerable  numbers,  descended 
mainly  from  cows  of  Kentucky  breeding,  a  ma- 
jority of  them  belonging  to  the  ^'Seventeen" 
and  Rose,  by  Skipton,  families.    One  of  his 
earliest  bulls  appears  to  have  been  the  li-ht 
roan  xom  Claggett  2299,  bred  in  Bourbon  Co 
Ivy   by  Peter  Hedges.     About  this  same  date 
-18o4- an  organization  known  as  the  Ohio 
h  ock-Breeding  Co.  operated  quite  largely  in 
Ohio-hred  Short-horns  in  Butler  County,  mak- 
ing their  purchases  mainly  from  the  herds  of 
Messrs.  Dun,  Harrold,  Jacob  Pierce  and  their 
contemporaries.     They  seem  to  have  pushed 
their  business  with  some  vigor;  at  any  rate 
they  were  enterprising  enough  to  have  pre- 
pared  and  inserted  in  V.l.  m  of  the  herd  book 
published  in  1857,  an  illustration  of  their  bi^ 
red-and-white    Caroline,   by  Dashwood,   cow 
Quince,  of   James    Dun's    breeding.     In  this 
same  volume  of  the  herd  book  Peter  Melendy 

Im    'k    ?'v^,^''*  appears  as  the  owner  of 
the  Ohio-bred  light-roan  "Seventeen"  cow  Ar- 


352 


A    TIISTOFJY    OF    SHOHT-TIOHN    CATTLE 


I 


iiliiii 


temesia  3d,  whos*  bull  calf  of  Docoiuber,  1857 
—Champion  2G15— was  sold  to  William  Bnden 
of  Bremer  County.  Mr.  Melendy  seems  to  have 
first  used  the  bull  Youn<r  Colonel  35S4,  bred  by 
John  G.  Dun  of  Ohio.  Jle  sold  an  Artemesia 
heifer,  calved  in  1858,  to  George  Clark  of  Cedar 
Falls.  Among  the  other  owners  of  Short-horns 
in  Iowa  in  the  ''fifties"  were  eJohn  Patterson  of 
Burlington;  K  N.  Moore  of  Van  Buren  County; 
George  Griffen  of  Monroe  County  ;  J.  H.  Majors 
of  Mahaska  County ;  John  E.  Teter  of  Jasper 
County,  who  owned  a  roan  Ohio-bred  Rose  of 
Sharon  cow  that  was  calved  in  1850;  and  W. 
Duane  Wilson  of  Fairfield,  who  appears  in  Vol. 
Ill  as  the  owner  of  an  Ohio-bred  Rosabella. 

About  18f)0  a  religious  order  holding  3,000 
acres  of  good  land  in  Dubuque  County  under 
the  title  of  the  Corporation  of  New  Melleray* 
established  a  herd  of  Short-Lorns.     They  bred 
largely  from  stock  tracing  to    the    importa- 
tion of  1817;  one  of  their  earliest  bulls  having 
been  Emperor  31)10,  bred  by  Capt.  James  N. 
Brown  of  Illinois  and  sired  by  imp.  King  Al- 
fred.   One  of  their  foundation  cows  was  the 
roan  Beauty  Spot—a  daughter  of  Mr.  War- 
field's  Renick  903— bred  in  Kentucky  in  1854. 
They  also  purchased  a  cow  from  Hon.  J.  D. 
Smith  of  Illinois,  and   another  bred  in   1854 

♦The  Brothers  maklnfir  up  Ihis  Catholic  orpanization  came  orlfflnaDy 
fromlrolaml  in  USUI;  cstaliliahiiif,'  uiwu  tlie  fertilo  body  of  laiut  socuiraiii 
Dubuque  County  what  is  known  as  New  Mi'lleray  Abbey. 


PROGRESS   IN   THE   CENTRAL    WEST. 


353 


from  John  P.  Henderson  of  Morgan  Co.,  111.  It 
was  from  this  corporation  that  "  Uncle  John" 
a.  Myers  of  Washington  County  bought  his 
first  Short-horns  in  the  early  "sixties";  haul- 
ing them  across  country  in  wagons. 

Such  were  the  beginnings  of  the  Short-horn 
ti'ade  in  the  great  cattle-growing  State,  which 
perhaps  now  numbers  within  its  borders  more 
herds  than  any  other  State  in  the  Union. 

Early  Wisconsin  herds.— We  have  referred 
on  page  276  to  an  importation  made  into  Wis- 
consin direct  from  England  by  John  P.  Roe  of 
Waukesha  County  in  1854.    Mr.  Roe  bred  from 
imp.  Raspberry  and  other  females  for  some 
years,  his  herd  being  a  source  of  supply  for  the 
farmers  of  that  part  of  the  State.    So  far  as  we 
can  ascertain,  however,  a  start  in  Short-horn 
breeding  had  l)een  made   shortly  before  this 
importation ;  the  earliest  owners  of  registered 
stock  in  the  State  being  Messrs.  C.  H.  Williams 
of  Baraboo  and  Lambert  H.  Kissam  of  Berlin, 
Marquette  County.    Mr.  Kissam 's  operations  do 
not  appear  to  have  been  very  extensive,  but  the 
Williams  herd  was  maintained  for  many  years 
and  ])ecame  prominent    G.  W.  Bicknell  of  Rock 
County  appears  in  the  herd  book  as  an  owner 
of  registered  Short-horns  prior  to  ISfiO,  as  does 
also  the  late  Richard  Richards  of  Racine.    Mr. 
Richards  was  a  devoted  admirer  of  improved 
farm  stock,  and  secured  his  first  Short-horns 


m 


23 


354 


li 


W 


k^  i 


if 


i^.%.a>,.  ^.U^aa  :Ji,AJLi 


A  rnSTORY  OF  SHORT-HORN  CATTLE. 


from  Northern  Illinois  herds  and  by  purchase 
in  Ohio.    One  of  his  first  investments  was  the 
Kose  of  Sharon  cow  Camilla  and  her  heifer  calf 
bought  of  Edward  Bebb  of  Winnebago  Co    ill' 
These  were  of  Harness  Renick's  (Ohio)  sort'  In 
the  fourth  volume  of  the  herd  book  entries  were 
made  by  Messrs.  E.  E.  Elkins  of  Kenosha,  A  G 
Knight  of  Racine  and  C.  F.  Hammond  of  Fond 
du  Lac  County,  all  of  whom  owned  Short-horns 
prior  to  1859.    During  the  war  little  was  don. 
in  the  way  of  extending  the  trade  in  this  State 
but  Wisconsin  took  a  prominent  part  in  the 
great  revival  of  interest  in  the  breed  that  oc- 
curred   immediately  after  the  conclusion  of 
peace. 

Activity  in  the  show-yard.— While  it  thus 
appears  that  the   foundations  of    Short-horn 
breeding  had  been  laid   throughout  the  cen- 
tral corn  belt  of  the  Middle  West  prior  to  the 
Civil  War,  it  was  not  until  about  1865  that 
the  business  received  impetus  sufficient  to  en- 
list general  attention.    Quick  to  realize  the  ad- 
vantage of  public  exhibitions  as  a  means  of 
bringing  the  breed  to  the  notice  of  the  farming 
community,  enterprising  men  began,  about  the 
date  mentioned,  to  seek  for  the  best  obtainable 
specimens  for  show-yard  purposes.     Conspicu- 
ous among  those  who  came  to  the  front  in  this 
line  of  work  were  the  breeders  of  the  State  of 
niinois.    They  had  already  taken  the  lead  so 


PROGRESS   IN   THE   CENTRAL   WEST.  355 

far  as  the  new  West  was  concerned  when  they 

ma,le  the  importation  of  1857,  and  they  now 

-eganacanipaign  in  behalf  of  Short-horns  ai 

tho  airs  that  proved  productive  of  far-reachi„s 

.s<(nes  of  new  recruits  whose  hberal  invest- 
.nents  and  enterprise  spread  the  reputation  of 

IK  II  CO  n  and  blue-grass  land  in  the  world 
Sm„e  ot  the  more  important  of  these  show-yLrd 
...emtions  leading  up  to  the  great  " boom^^of 
tl,e    seventies "  will  now  be  noticed. 

M,  w  M™    n  ?""*'*"  ^»'*  Minister  6363— 
'     ,?  ^  ^'""'"'°'  '^  K'^'tnckian  who  re- 
moved to  McLean  Co.,  111.,  about  1864,  had  bred 
a  tie  for  many  years  in  his  native  State  hlv 
ig  had  in  service  at  one  time  in  his  01«X 

S  Sit  t'?r'^^-^  -P.  OronteS 
niba),  which  he  had  hired  in  the  fall  of  1855 
...■  one  year  at  |655.  He  brought  with  1  im  to 
l""'o>«  a  good  lot  of  .stock,  including  pu"e  a 
mimber  o  Vanmeter  Young  Marys,  IhSes 
d^('  :  %rs  --^-''"urn-ir'ed  bS Z 

STTiV   •'.     i"^'  '"'^"^  ''J'  ""P-  R«yal  Oxford 
(1S'<4)  out  of  a  Miss  Wiley  dam     This  bull 

trnl  ^  became  the  property  of  j'b.  Ry! 
'Mil  ot  Bloomington.    Mr.  Duncan  is  chieflv 

"extern  8hort-horn  history  by  reason  of  hi. 
exlubition  of  the  show  bull  Min'sLTeleS  bied 


m-  kWi  i 


lii 


III- 


if 


356 


A    HISTORY   OF    SHORT-IIORN   CATTLE. 


by  R.  A,  Alexander,  calved  in  18()3  and  brou^dit 
to  Illinois  by  Mr.  Duncan  as  a  two-year-old  in 
1865.  He  was  a  strong-backed  red,  of  great 
scale  and  fine  style;  indeed  quite  a  typical 
specimen  of  the  class  of  bulls  then  so  popular 
in  Ohio  and  Kentucky.  He  was  sired  l)y  the 
Filbert  Bell-Bates  bull  Lord  Derby  4049*  out  of 
Minna  2d  by  imp.  Duke  of  Airdrie  (12730);  sec- 
ond dam  the  red  cow  Minna  by  Bridegroom, 
which  Mr.  Alexander  had  imported  from  the 
herd  of  Mr.  Fawkes  of  Farneley  Plall. 

Minister  was  not  only  one  of  the  star  show 
bulls  of  his  day  in  Illinois  but  sired  show  stock, 
one  of  his  best  sons  l)eing  the  prize  bull  lioviU 
Rose  12852,  that  was  out  of  a  Vanmeter  Red 
Rose- Young  Mary  dam  and  sold  at  auction  in 
1874  for  $1,000.  Minister  was  also  the  sii-e  of 
the  roan  Miss  Leslie,  a  Young  Mary  that  sold 
at  Col.  King's  Dexter  Park  sale  in  1874  along 
with  her  daughter  l)y  Gen.  Napier  for  $4,020  to 
the  late  C.  A.  DeGraff  of  Minnesota.  He  was 
also  the  sire  of  the  Young  Phyllis  show  cows 
Pattie  Moore,  Pattie  Moore  2d  and  Queen  of 
the  Meadows. 

J.  M.  Hill's  sale.— Among  the  earlier  Illinois 
breeders  who  took  an  interest  in  the  show-ring 
was  Mr.  J.  M.  Hill  of  Harristown.     Like  most 

*Lord  Dorby  was  sired  by  Albion  2483,  a  white  bull  by  iini).  Grand  Tiirit 
(12969)— a  BatoB-cro98e(l  Bootli.  All)k)ir8  dam  was  Imp.  Prances  Fairfax, 
bred  by  Mr.  Ambler  and  a  lialf-sistLT  to  Mr.  Crulckahank'8  noted  stock  buU 
Lord  Raglan,  by  Crusade    (7938). 


PROGRESS    IN   THE   CENTRAL    WEST.  357 

of  the  Other  Western  breeders  of  that  dwy  he 
hiid  rehed  hirgely  upon  Kentucky  for  liis  breed- 
nig  stock,  and  he  not  only  bouglit  some  good 
cattle  from  the  blue-grass  countiy  but  had  se- 
cured the  services  as  herdsman  of  David  Grant 
who  had  been  for  a  time  in  the  employ  of  Geo! 
M.  Bedford.    Grant  was  a  Scotchman,  who  had 
gone  from  Canada  to  Kentucky  to  feed  show 
stock,  and  later  on  had  chai-ge  of  some  of  the 
most  celebrated  prize-winners  ever  shown  in 
the  West.    Mr.  Hill  died  suddenly  at  Quincy, 
111.,  while  the  Illinois  State  Fair  of  1867  was  in 
progress,  and  Nov.  20  of  that  year  his  herd  was 
closed  out  at  auction  under  the  management  of 
J.  H.  Pickrell  as  administrator.*    Everything 
(rffered  sold  quickly  at  good  prices.     It  was  here 
that  the  loth  Duke  of  Airdi-ie  was  bought  by 
Hon.  John  Wentworth  of  Chicago  for  $1  2G0 
and  "thereby  hangs  a  tale."    Hon.  M.  H.  Coch- 
rane of  Hillhurst,  Can.,  wanted  this  bull  and 
sent  Simon  Beattie  to  the  sale  to  buy  him 
The  bidding  was  mainly  by  Mr.  Beattie  and  a 
stranger  whose  identity  was  unknown  to  any  of 
thej)reeders  present.     The  "  unknown  "  had  his 


I  tj  I.  •  i«  1 


358 


I  !! 


i  "' 

% 

iii 

w 

i  :■ 

III 

flWH 

I      (1;. 

i 
i 

t 

A    niSTOHY   OF   HnoUT-HOKN   CATTLE. 


way  in  the  matter,  and  jifter  the  Duke  was 
knocKCMl  off  to  him  presoiiled  credentials  from 
Mr.  Wentworth,  who  was  one  of  the  best-known 
men  in  the  Stjite.    After  the  bull  had  been  put 
on  board  the  cars  the  buyer  produced  two  cards, 
upon  which  were  wi-itten  in  Mr.  Wentworth'.s 
own  handwriting  these  words:  **If  this  'green- 
horn' of  an  Irishman  gets  lost  send  this  bull  to 
John  Wentworth,  Chicago."    The  cards  were 
tied  to  the  Duke's  horns,  and  it  is  needless  to 
say  he  arrived  safely  at  Summit  Farm,  where 
he  did  good  service  up  to  his  fifteenth  year.    At 
this  same  sale  Ui\  D.  McMillan  of  Ohio,  whose 
herd  was  one  of  the  foremost  of  that  day,  sent 
an  unlimited  order  to  l)ny  the  cow  White  Ladv, 
a  daughter  of  injp.  Western  Lady,  for  which 
Capt.  James  N.  Brown  had  paid  $1,325  at  the 
Importing  Co.'s  sale  in  1857,  and  secured  her  at 
??800. 

J.  H.  Pickrell.— We  now  reach  the  point 
where  consideration  must  be  given  to  the  work 
of  Hon.  J.  H.  Pickrell— the  present  editor  of 
the  American  Short-horn  Herd  Book— formerly 
of  Harristown,  III,  whose  long  and  active 
identification  with  Short-horn  interests  in  the 
United  States  calls  for  conspicuous  recognition. 

Mr.  Pickrell  descends  from  a  Kentucky  and 
Virginia  ancestry.  His  father  removed  from 
Kentucky  to  Illinois  in  1828,  settling  in  Sanga- 
mon County.    J.  H.  (or  "Henry,"  as  his  friends 


PK00IIES8   IN   THE    CENTRAL   WEST.  359 

.ire  fond  of  calling  him)  was  born  March  20, 
1S:]4,  in  this  Stato.  Tn  regard  to  his  earliest  in- 
•hiction  into  the  Short-horn  trade  we  can  do  no 
hotter  than  quote  the  following  characteristic 
iurount  furnished  hy  Mr.  Pickrell  himself: 

"Tho  month  of  Soptomber,  1859,  found  me  In  Kentucky  for  the 
purpose  of  attending  the  Bourbon  County  Fair  at  Paris  ahat  was 
then  said  to  bo  the  oldest  continuous  fair  iu  the  United  States) 
|uul  the  Kentucky  Stato  Fair,  that  was  held  in  Lexington  tho  fol- 
owu,^  week     Arriving  at  Paris  I  took  a  room  at  the  Bourbon 
louse,  expecting  to  occupy  it  during  tho  week.    Reaching  the 
fan-  ^rround  soon  after  dinner  I  found  a  large  crowd  in  attendance 
An  I  hno.3  gentleman  who  happened  to  bo  visiting  in  an  adjoining 
county  and  had  come  to  tho  fair  recognized  me  and  informed  one 
of  the  directors  that  the  President  of  the  Macon  Co   (111  )  Fair 
was  on  the  grounds.    The  Marshal  was  at  once  started  around  the 
amphitheater  to  call  me.    I  responded,  supposing  that  he  had  a 
tolcfframforme.    He  invited  mo  into  the  ring  and  introduced  me 
to  the  officers,  who  no  doubt  thought  that  Illinois  must  have  been 
hard  up  for  men  when  such  a  young  one  as  I  was  should  be  chosen 
for  such  a  position.    I  was  older,  though,  when  I  resigned  after 
nineteen  years'  continuous  service.    Whether  they  thourht  so  or 
not  I  was  heartily  welcomed  and  royally  entertained  during  mv 
visit.    At  tho  close  of  the  day's  exhibition  I  was  invited  by  two 
or  three  directors  to  go  home  with  them.    I  at  first  declined,  stat- 
mg  that  I  had  my  room  secured  for  the  fair.    After  some  good- 
natured  contention  between  them  one  of  them  remarked  that  he 
had  one  of  the  nicest  nieces  in  the  world  and  that  she  was  going 
to  his  home  for  the  nicrht.    The  hotel  room  was  given  up,  and  you 
can  puess  which  one  of  them  I  went  home  with. 

"The  next  week  the  fair  was  hold  at  Lexington.  As  Hon.  Bru- 
tus J  Clay  was  President  of  both  fairs  and  Mr.  William  Warfield 
one  of  the  chief  managers  of  the  State  Fair ;  and  as  the  gentleman 
«ho  had  charge  of  the  Bourbon  County  Fair,  together  with  the 
young  people  I  had  met  at  Paris,  were  also  in  attendance,  I  began 
0  feel  that  I  was  not  so  much  of  a  stranger  r^I.er  all.  The  young 
ladies  were  nearly  all  daughters  of  prominent  Short-horn  breed 
ers  and  were  of  course  much  interested  in  the  awards,  and  we  all 
indulged  in  guessing  which  would  win  the  prizes.  It  was  the 
largest  and  much  the  best  display  of  Short-horns  I  had  ever  wit- 
nessed  at  a  fair,  and  I  had  been  quite  successful  in  naming  the 


»1 


Illill 

flilMlii 


n 


Ih  • 


360 


A    HISTORY    OF    SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


prize-winners.  When  the  sweepstakes  ring  was  called  from  thirty 
to  forty  cows  and  heifers  put  in  an  appearance.  One  of  the  youag 
ladies  remarked  that  she  would  bet  that  I  could  not  name  the 
winner.  I  asked  her  to  name  the  stake.  She  lau{?hingly  said  that 
she  did  not  know  what  she  had  to  bet  unless  it  would  be  herself, 
so  it  was  soon  arranged  that  I  should  bet  myself  against  her.  She 
granted  me  the  privilege  of  accepting  the  invitation  that  Mr.  War- 
field  had  tendered  me  of  examining  the  animals  before  the  awards 
were  made.  Upon  returning  to  the  amphitheater  I  named  Emma 
Hickman  (Vol.  VUI,  p.  338),  that  had  just  turned  her  two-year 
mark,  and  she  won  the  blue  ribbon  and  I  won  the  girl  and  got  the 
stakes.  Of  course  it  was  a  safe  bet,  for  had  she  won  I  would 
have  paid.  It  was  my  first  and  last  bet,  and,  as  getting  married  is 
a  game  of  chance  anyway,  I  have  never  been  censured  for  making 
it.  And  as  I  had  proved  (to  myself  at  least)  that  I  knew  a  good 
one  (cow,  and  girl,  too)  I  concluded  to  make  Short-horn  breeding 
my  business,  and  under  the  circumstances  I  do  not  think  that 
even  the  Hereford  or  the  'doddie'  men  would  wonder  at  my  be- 
coming a  Short-horn  breeder.'' 

Sweepstakes  6230.— Mr.  Pickrell's  promi- 
nence in  the  Western  Short'ho'n  trade  may  be 
said  to  date  from  the  j^ear  1865,  when  he  pur- 
chased from  (reorge  M.  Bedford  of  Kentucky 
the  red-and-white  Hose  of  Sharon  bull  Sweep- 
stakes 6230  at  $600  as  a  yearling.  Mr.  Bedford 
had  bought  the  bull  as  a  calf  from  his  breeder, 
Abram  Renick,  for  S150.  Mr.  Pickrell  had  pre- 
viously seen  Minister  6363  and  liked  him  so  well 
that  he  would  have  been  willing  to  purchase 
him  at  a  long  price,  but  Mr.  Duncan  would  not 
part  with  him.  Sweepstakes  had  won  a  cham- 
pionship at  the  Bourbon  County  Fair  as  a  year- 
ling, having  been  "made  up"  for  that  show  by 
the  Inte  John  Hope,  afterward  prominent  in 
connection  with  the  Bow  Park  Short-horns  in 


PROGRESS   IN    THE    CENTRAL    WEST.  361 

Ciiniida.    Svveepstikes  was  sired  1  )y  Mr.  Kenick's 
Airdrie  2478  out  of  Cordelia  by  Dandy  Duke 
•2()1)1,  and  therefore  carried  a  double  cross  of 
Mr.  Alexander's  imp.  Duke  of  Airdrie  (12730). 
Mv.  Bedford  afterward  regretted  having  sold 
the  bull,  but  was  induced  to  do  so  on  account 
of  his  color.    He  had  considerable  whxte,  and 
the  Bedford  herd  at  that  time  included  quite  a 
huge  proportion  of  light-colored  cows  and  heif- 
ers.   As  the  red  fancy  was  even  then  asserting 
itself,  and  as  Mr.  Bedford  had  been  offered  by  Mr 
Kenick  an  own  brother  to  Sweepstakes  that  was 
darker  ni  color,  he  parted  with  the  bull  to  come 
to  Illinois.    It  is  related  that  when  "Uncle  Abe" 
Ueuick heard  thatMr.  Bedford  had  received $G00 
for  Sweepstakes  he  decided  that  his  Bourbon 
County  contemporary  should  not  get  the  calf 
that  he  had  already  priced  at  $150.    Mr.  Bed- 
ford went  over  at  once  to  see  about  it  and  found 
Mr.  Renick  ill.   The  housekeeper,  who  was  quite 
tannhar  with  all  of  Mr.  Renick's  eccentricities, 
advised  Mr.  Bedford  not  to  notice  what  the  old 
^'ontleman   had   said,  saying  "old   Abe  never 
would  do  anything  when  he  was  sick  "    This 
did  not  satisfy  Mr.  Bedford,  however,  and  he 
letfc  and  never  secured  the  bull.    Mr.  Pickrell 
states  that  Mr.  Bedford  thereupon  offered  him 
the  choice  of  his  entire  herd  if  he  would  leave 
Sweepstakes,  but  as  he  (Pickrell)  was  desirous 
ot  secunng  a  first-class  show  bull  he  declined 


.T-l 


362 


A  HISTORY  OF  SHORT-HORN  CATTLE. 


to  avail  himself  of  this  privilege  and  shipped 
the  bull  to  Illinois.* 

At  the  time  Sweepstakes  landed  in  Illinois 
Duncan's  Minister  was  having  it  all  his  own 
way  in  the  West,  l)ut  Mr.  Pickrell's  purchase 
soon  acquired  rank  over  him.  The  first  meet- 
ing of  these  two  young  bulls  occurred  at  the 
Illinois  State  Fair  at  Chicago  in  1866.  Minis- 
ter was  a  year  older  than  Sweepstakes,  and  in 
their  respective  classes  each  received  fii-st 
prize,  but  in  competition  for  a  $100  bull  chan 

*The  first  Short-horn  Mr.  Plckrell  purchased  for  breeding  purnosps 

ary,  18(.l  he  brought  from  Kentucky  Duke  of  Rockland  2785  and  three  you  L 
bulls  and  seven  cows  and  heifers.  Thoy  were  good  ones  of  "Seventeen" 
extraction.  The  next  addition  to  the  herd  was  in  June,  1863,  when  pur- 
chases were  made  In  Kentucky  from  William  Warfleld,  the  late  James  Hall 
and  Ma^  Duncan.    In  1864  stock  was  bought  from  the  herd  of  Capt.  James 

L  ^r^  •'T/'  ^-  """^  °'  "'^""*^-  I"  ^««5  came  Sweepstakes  0230  and 
the  Pliyllls  cow  Kate  Lewis,  of  Ben  F.  Vanmeter's  breedlng-a  cow  ttnt 

Intf."  uT"''^  *?  "^'^  ^'''*  -'""^  '''  "^«  """°1«  State  Fair  In  1808,  In  com- 
pe  Itlon  with  one  of  the  v.-st  collections  of  cows  ever  seen  in  the  West  Z- 
^des  many  other  prizes.  Mr.  Plckrell  says:  "Kate  Lewis  was  one  of 'the 
best  specimens  of  a  beef  cow  that  I  ever  saw  and  at  the  same  time  was  ,ho 

JSr*  ^\rV  ""^^-^^y^'  to  «ee  the  amount  and  quality  of  milk  she  would 
!lrt  ;.J^  ^^?°  measured  it  after  a  good  big  calf  had  finished  nursinfr 
and  frequently  we  would  get  a  wooden  pail  full.  She  was  the  dam  of  Baron 
Lewla  0484,  that  I  sold  for  $3,000  (the  first  animal  bred  In  IlllnoirthVt  soM 
for  that  much).  He  was  her  third  calf  and  she  died  of  milk  fev-Jr  anlr  h 
was  produced.-  At  this  same  time  Princess  Ann  was  purchased  from  B 
J.  Clay.    She  produced  Princess  Belle  (Vol.  VIII,  page  510),  a  heifer  that 

7eZ:i7a"XTVV''\'?''°''  '"'''  ^""'^  "^^'^^  ^'^  competitors  at  t."I 
years  old.    She  unfortunately  took  the  lump-jaw,  and  as  medical  aid  failed 

Indrn^^n  ,Y'^^,f '•;^"^htered  and  her  skeleton  was  preserved  and  mounted 
l^LTfl  y^l^f  ^"y  of  Illinois,  at  Champaign.   This  was  at  the  be^in- 

S^m.^nrS'^'U"  prices,  and  these  three  animals  cost,  respectively, 
J  «).  $400  and  $2oO.  The  price  was  thought  by  many  to  be  exorbitant,  but  It 
did  not  tiirn  out  so.  They  proved  to  be  a  splendid  investment.  The  Drhu-i- 
pal  addition  to  the  herd  In  1806  was  made  from  Israel  Pierce,  whose  stock 
came  from  the  Messrs.  Dun  of  Madison  Co.,  O.  This  purchase  was  followed 
the  next  year  by  others  from  Messrs.  John  G.  and  W.  D.  Dun.  seven  from 
B.  C.  Bedford  of  Paris  (Ky.)  and  five  from  the  administrator's  sale  of  the 


PROGRESS   IN   THE   CENTRAL   WEST.  363 

pionship  the  Rose  of  Sharon  was  successful 
The  f(^llowiiig  week  at  St.  Louis  he  again  cap- 
tiu-8d  $300  in  prizes.  These  victories  were  re- 
peated at  the  same  shows  in  1867,  $600  in 
money  being  awarded  the  Pickrell  bull.  Of 
the  four  large  prizes  shown  for  by  these  two 
bulls  during  the  years  of  1866-1867,  aggregat- 

late  J.  M.  Hill,  held  In  November  of  that  year.  In  1868  Hannibal  G838  was 
p„rc.hased.  Imp.  Duko  of  AirUrle  (127^0)  was  his  grandslre,  groat-grand^Je 
and  gr(>at-preat-srandslfe.  aieiauuaire 

In  Deeember,  18«8,  Baron  Booth  of  Lancaster  7535  and  Prairie  Bloseom 
^M  -r^^r  '""""  ^'"  ''''"  °'  '■  «•  S^-l'»°--  CJencva  N  Y)!  we^e 
M.  toi  Co,.  111.  In  me  lot  was  the  mother  of  Lord  Highland  41ln.  Her  first 
calf  after  coming:  1:  U,  the  herd  was  Daisy  Booth,  by  Baron  Booth  ofLan 
caston  that  sold  for  .1310  as  a  yearling.  In  this  purchase  also  was  BHde 
V,  en  ^'r?^^^^'  '^""^  produced  Lady  Bride,  that  sold  at  public  auc  Ion 
for  $  ,8.0,  and  afterward  won  every  prize  she  showed  for.  Lothtr  no  ed 
cow  that  c^une  about  that  time  was  Lady  Fairy  12th,  from  Mr.  Warfleld  s 

v"   id  1  UsT  L?C^'  ''"T  ^.  '  ""'''''  ''''^-    «-  -  twranlll 
It         J,  ^^  ®°"'®  ^"''y  Elizabeths  were  bought  from  T  C 

Sfoner,  Macon  County,  who  had  bouglit  them  from  the  herd  of  the  Messrs 
H.in.ilton  of  Kentucky.  In  this  lot  was  a  calf,  Maggie  EUen  ^Vof  :?i  X« 
.11),  by  Baron  Booth  of  Lancaster,  that  was  sold  to  the  G^Ie  nmem  S 

r:.rttrc;rtrr^^^-'^°^--"^^-----ohav:;^^^^^^^^^ 

-.t  ^f';,,^;'^'^'''^"  displayed  a  fondness  for  the  excitement  of  the  show-yard 
at  an  early  age.    In  the  spring  of  1840  his  grandfather  gave  him  a  siTcS 
.nareeolt,  and  although  the  boy  was  but  six  years  old  at  the  t imt  I        h 
..u.  dam  to  Springfield,  exhibited  the  colt  and  tooL  tlrst  pr  zo,     hfch  ™ 
b,.  Si  ver  spoon,  marked  "Sangamon  County  Agricultural  SocSy,    8  0  " 
Mr,  Plx.kroll  has  that  token  of  his  early  showrlng  prowess  yet     The  first 
yoar  that  he  owned  a  Short-horn  (18«1)  he  n,ade  an  exhibit'Ld  ton  a  pri.e 
Tho  next  year  he  showed  at  Macon,  Logan  and  Sangamon  ^oun  y  (111  )' 
Fams     Hisca-eeratthe  Illinois  State  Fair  con.nenced  InTsGS  an    coUl '. 
>  "d  lor  many  years,  In  the  course  of  which  he  visited  as  an  exhibitor  vl 
muH  ot.>er  State  fairs.  Including  Indiana,  Ohio  and  Iowa.  ananeveZilt 
ing  the  St.  Louis  show  when  they  had  a  fair  at  that  cltv.    Suet  in. 

n ;; :  faf  o7Zt\7TTu'  'r  f  •  ^'"'  '^^  '•^^''^^^•'^''  •^-•^"^  '^^^  -^^ 

ro m  th    fall  of  18Gb  to  the  fall  of  1874  $9,120  In  prizes,  and  it  mav  also  be 
Ud,.a     at  during  the  first  fifteen  years  he  bred  Short-horns  ^  rSe'vS 

1"  i' on:r'"  *'•''" ''"  ^"'^  ^"°  °'  •^""^- ""  '^^^'^^•^  ^'^^'-"-  ^»-"  s 

Mr  Pickrell  says :  "  Just  for  curiosity  at  one  time  I  computed  the  period 
of  ..-Htation  Of  1.10  cows  in  my  herd.  The  shortest  perio.l  vvas  25  i  days  -  nd 
the  longest  2.J«  days  (both  cow  calves),  the  average  being  2^  days  " 


I,!  I  . 


364 


A  HISTORY  OF  SHORT-HORN  CATTLE. 


11  Wl 


fill 


ing  in  value  $1,000,  Swee^jstakes  gained  three 
possessing  a   value  of  |900.    At  the  Illinois 
State  Fair  of  1868  Sweepstakes  won  the  $200 
prize  ofPered  for  bull  with  live  of  his  get     In 
brief  he  was  the  ranking  bull  of  the  breed  in 
the  West  for  the  years  mentioned.     He  was 
closer  to  the  ground  than  Minister,  possessed 
fine  finish,  ample  substance,  and  good  depth 
and  quality  of  flesh.     He  had  been  well  h;.  ,- 
died  from  the  time  Mr.  Hope  had  first  fitted 
him,  and  proved  an  exceedingly  useful  stock- 
getter,  leaving  many  valuable  calves  in  tlie 
Pickrell  herd.*    He  was  finally  sold  to  Mr.  G 
J.  Hagerty  of  Ohio,  in  whose  hands  he  added 
still  further  to  his  laurels,  siring  among  other 
choice  stock  there  the  show  heifer  Blue  Belle 
14th  and  Bonnie  Belles  7th  and  13th 

Gen.  Grant  4825.-~While  Kentucky  was  the 
chief  source  of  supply  for  the  early  Illinois, 
Indiana  and  Missouri  herds,  it  remained  for 
Ohio  to  contribute  to  the  West  one  of  the 
greatest  all-around  show  and  breeding  bulls  of 
American  production  ever  owned  in  the  West- 
take  twU^^f^,!!  ^!^'T^^''  f  1«  Mr.  Pickrell  had  engaged  David  Grant  to 
ied  With  tl^P  1  .  t  TT  '  "u"  *^*  '"^^^'*'  '''''''''  ^"*i  herdsman  wa«  Iden.l- 
unfiU         nd  ,tt      .T""  ""i"^'-  ^^'''^'•'^"•^  «l^ow  herds  most  of  the  time 

tained  was  due  to    Davy's  "  fidelity  and  good  judg-ment. 

George  Story  was  also  at  Mr.  Hills  at  the  time  of  the  proprietor's  de- 
cease.   His  brother  William  Story  came  to  Mr.  PlckreH's  In  Ume  to  fl^ 

andTTbfo^wVur  "'^'r  ^'^'^  '^''^"^  «^  ''''■    ^«  --  afso " ro" cal 
«rvth'^?wnnn  "^"^"^  Bheep  with  William  Miller.    It  is  neecilesB  to 

over  thi  m„  i  ?,7t'  ''  T''""  ''"^  ^'^""  ^*"  P^'«  ^°»  fi'-^t  prize  that  year 
over  the  Hill  cattle  brought  Into  the  ring  by  Grant  and  George  Story. 


PROGRESS    IN    THE    CENTRAL   WEST. 


365 


em  States— the  far-famecl  Gen.  Grant  4825. 
Few  bulls  can  boast  a  longer  list  of  show-yard 
honors,  and  no  other  sire  ever  used  in  the  State 
left  a  legacy  more  valuable  than  the  daughters 
of  Gen.  Grant  proved  to  be  in  leading  Western 
herds.  Calved  in  1862  in  the  herd  of  D.  McMil- 
lan of  Xenia,  this  remarkable  bull  was  shown 
for  five  years  by  his  breeder  at  the  leading 
fairs  of  Ohio,  Indiana  and  Illinois  with  but  one 
defeat.  Passing  into  the  hands  of  Mr.  J.  H. 
Spears  of  Tallula,  111.,  in  1867,  he  not  only  con- 
tinued to  carry  prizes  at  the  Illinois,  Iowa  and 
St.  Louis  shows  but  sired  some  of  the  best  cat- 
tle the  West  has  ever  known. 

Gen.  Grant  came  of  a  noble  ancestry.  His 
sire  was  the  $3,000  bull  imp.  Starlight  (see 
page  252),  one  of  the  best  bulls  ever  owned  in 
the  State  of  «  uo.  His  dam  was  Mr.  McMil- 
lan's great  show  cow  Jessie  (winner  of  more 
first  and  championship  prizes  at  leading  Ohio, 
Indiana,  Illinois  and  Kentucky  fairs  from  1860 
to  1867  than  any  other  cow  of  her  day),  by 
Sti'ilight  2d  2259.  It  thus  appears  that  Gen. 
Grant  was  the  product  of  mating  a  son  and  a 
daughter  of  old  imp.  Starlight.  The  youngster 
grew  to  be  a  remarkably  compact  bull,  with 
tlie  general  appearance  at  first  glance  of  being 
somevdiat  undersized;  but  in  good  flesh  he 
would  tip  the  beam  at  2,400  lbs.  His  head  was 
goo<l— perhaps  a  little  too  masculine  to  fill  the 


%i 


'm\ 


Ji 


■■i.j 


366 


A  HISTORY  OF  SHORT-HORN  CATTLE. 


eye  of  some;  but ''sweet"  heads  are  not  spe- 
cially to  be  desired  in  breeding  bulls.  His  eye 
was  remarkably  mild,  his  neck  short,  his  shoul- 
deis  smooth  and  his  ch--.  -nd  back  good.  He 
was  rather  high  at  ro.  tail  and  wanted 

filling  at  the  flank;  but  iie  was  well  balanced 
in  essential  points,  had  a  mellow^  hide  and 
one  of  the  silkiest  coats  of  hair  ever  seen. 
Hi  disposition  he  was  so  quiet  that  a  child 
could  handle  him,  in  this  respect  resembling 
his  great-grandsire  Mario,  a  bull  that  Judge 
Jones  states  never  required  a  nose-ring. 

Of  the  career  of  Gen.  Grant  in  the  show-ring 
it  is  scarcely  necessary  to  speak  at  length.  In 
the  hands  of  Mr.  McMillan  he  was  exhibited  in 
Ohio  and  Hidiana  up  to  and  including  his  fifth 
year,  and  in  all  that  time  met  with  but  one  de- 
feat.* Passing  into  the  possession  of  Mr.  Spears 
he  was  shown  with  his  get  all  over  the  West, 
capturing  the  highest  honors  in  competition 
that  would  astonish   some  exhibitors  at  the 

Gen '^G°rC?/'i?  incident  occurred  one  year  when  Mr.  Spears  exhibited 
Gen.  Grant  at  the  head  of  his  herd  at  the  Illinois  State  Pair  at  Peoria 
fAherd  A«  .t"'  and  perhaps  the  largest  bull  in  the  ring  at  the  head 
of  a  herd.  As  the  regularly-appointed  committee  failed  to  respond  to  the 
call  the  superintendent  concluded  that  he  would  send  In  a  committee 
composed  of  strangers  to  the  exliibitors.  As  there  was  a  big  show  on  this 
action  rather  startled  the  exhibitors.  When  the  "unknowns  •  start^lia 
Mr.  Byram  of  Abingdon.  111.,  who  was  showing  his  .nother's  herd,  said  i. 
Mr  Spears:  "  Who's  that  committee?  -  Mr,  Speara  looked  a  long  time,  aiu. 
not  kno wmg  any  of  them  said :  "  I  do  not  know,  but  I  think  they  are  a  lot  of 
shoemakers  and  tailors."  When  after  examining  the  herds  ihey  brought  the 
first-prize  ribbon  to  Mr.  Spears  Mr.  Byram  said:  '-What  do  you  think  of 
Uiern  now?  "  "Well.'  said  Spears,  "I  reckon  they  thought  my  bull's  hide 
would  make  more  shoes  than  any  bull  In  the  ring." 


PROGRESS  IN  THE  CENTRAL  WEST.    367 

present  day.    Often  ten  or  twelve  first-class 
herds  and  twenty  to  forty  animals  would  show 
in  single  rings,  and  all  of  them  good  ones.    He 
was  the  first-prize  bull  calf  at  the  Ohio  State 
Fair  of  1862;  sweepstakes  winner  at  same  show, 
1863;  first  in  his  class  same  yetir  at  Wayne  Co. 
(Ind.)  and  Indiana  State  Fairs;  first  and  sweep- 
stakes at  same  fairs,  1864;  first  prize  and  sweep- 
stakes at  the  Ohio  State  Fair,  1865;  first  prize 
and  sweepstakes  and  gold  medal  as  prize  bull 
with  five  of  his  calves  at  Indiana  State  Fair  in 
1866,  and  at  head  of  prize  herd  at  same  fair; 
first,  with  five  of  his  calves,  and  at  head  of 
prize  herd  at  Ohio  State  Fair,  1866.     In  the 
year  1865  he  stood  at  the  head  of  the  herd 
awarded  first  prize  at  the  Iowa  and  Illinois 
State  Fairs.     He  was  repeatedly  awarded  the 
first  prize  at  many  county  fairs  in  Central  Illi- 
nois, won  first  prize  at  St.  Louis  and  first  with 
five  of  his  get  at  the  Illinois  State  Fair  at  Peo- 
ria in  1873. 

In  the  herd  of  Mr.  McMillan  Gen.  Grant 
proved  a  most  valuable  sire,  two  of  his  get, 
Mignonette  and  Wenona,  bringing  respectively 
$3,800  and  $3,000  at  his  great  sale  soon  to  be 
mentioned.  As  to  what  he  did  in  Illinois  we 
can  do  no  better  than  to  quote  the  language  of 
Mr.  Spears:  "He  was  a  sure  and  good  server, 
and,  allow  me  to  say,  the  best  and  most  uni- 
form breeder  I  ever  saw  or  ever  expect  to  see. 


^^^^^Hl 

'^« 

^^^^^^^H 

^m 

II 

IHI 

i 

1                           -   jIMRfBS 

i 

1 
1 

1 

hi 

; !     ' ;'  i' 

368 


A  HISTORY  OF  SHORT-HORN  CATTLE. 


He  never  got  a  calf  in  all  his  long  career  but 
what  would  readily  sell  at  a  first-class  price; 
while  as  a  show  bull  and  getter  of  show  ani- 
mals he  stands   unrivaled."    At   Mr.  Spears' 
great  sale  of  1875  the  Nelly  Bly  family,  largely 
the  get  of  Gen.  Grant  (tracing  to  imp.  Lady 
Elizabeth  by  Emperor),  were  pronounced  by 
many  of  the  most  prominent  breeders  of  Ken- 
tucky and  other  States  the  best  family  of  cows 
they  had  ever  seen  together,  and  the  fine  aver- 
age of  over  $1,500  was  attained  in  the  sale-ring 
that  day.*    Prominent  among  the  Nelly  Blys 
may  be  mentioned  the  5th  and  7th  of  the  fam- 
ily, the  latter  a  grand  breeder  and  show  cow 
and  sold  for  $2,000.    Of  his  bull  calves  the  most 
noted  that  we  now  recall  were  Mr,  Kissinger's 
famous  Starlight  11018,  Duke  of  Forest  Hill 
(never  beaten  in  the  show-ring  except  by  bulls 
got  by  Gen.  Grant)  and  Major  Story.     The  two 
latter  were  shown  at  all  the  leading  fairs  of 
the  West,  usually  winning  first  and  second.    A 
wonderful  show  calf  also  was   Major  Jones, 

•Col.  James  W.  Judy  of  Tallula,  111.,  the  veteran  auctioneer  who  made 
this  sale,  in  roaponae  to  a  query  aa  to  the  character  of  these  cattle,  undur 
date  of  Feb.  4, 1898,  said:  "  The  Nelly  I31y8  bred  by  Mr.  Spears  were  a  prand 
family  of  cattle— g-ood  feeders,  g-ood  milkers  and  very  prolific  and  almost 
Invariably  good  colors  and  very  uniform  In  their  peneral  make-up,  which 
was  very  neat,  and  I  think  many  of  their  sterling  qualities  were  largely  due 
to  the  blood  df  Gen.  Grant.  He  waa  a  low-down,  well-proportlom  d,  blocky 
bull;  a  yellow  or  pale  red,  with  no  white;  solid  red,  with  a  remarkably 
mellow  hide  and  as  flue  a  coat  of  silky  hair  aa  I  ever  saw  on  a  bull,  and 
waa  a  very  uniform  and  regular  breeder,  and  was  a  great  factor  in  spread- 
ing the  fame  of  the  Spears  Nolly  Blys— in  fact  did  more  for  the  reputation 
of  Mr.  Speara'  herd  of  Short-horns  than  any  bull  he  ever  owned,  the  21st 
Duke  of  Airdrie  not  excepted." 


/■  .• 


3r  but 
price; 

V  ani- 
pears' 
irgely 

Lady 
ed  by 

Ken- 
■  cows 

aver- 
3-ring 
^  Blys 
I  fam- 

V  cow 
most 

iger's 
:  Hill 
bulls 

B  two 

irs  of 
I  A 
ones, 

10  made 
e,  under 
a  KTand 
almost 
),  which 
rely  due 
,  blocky 
arkably 
mil,  and 
spread- 
)iit:itlon 
the  21st 


?  i 


.  1 

! 

i'    ^' 

PROGKESS   IN   THE   CENTKAL    WEST.  309 

that  during  a  whole  fall  (•ami)aign  of  State  and 
comity  fairs  (including  St.  Louis)  was  never 
beaten,  taking  sixteen  first  prizes— and  we  be- 
lieve every  time  by  a  unanimous  vote  of  the 
jiwarding  conunittee  — in   rings  where  there 
were  often  twenty  or  more  competitors.     It  is 
idle  to  attenii)t  to  say  Avhich  were  most  uni- 
fonnly  good  of  the  get  of  Gen.  Grant— his  bulls 
or  his  heifers.    Mr.  Spears  was  never  able  to 
decide,  and  Mr.  JVIcMillan  often  said,  after  the 
bull  came  West,  that  for  uniformity  of  breed- 
ing he  had  never  known  the  General's  equal 
He  died  at  Mr.  Spears'  Forest  Hill  Farm  at  the 
rii)e  age  of  fourteen  years. 

Baron  Booth  of  Lancaster.  -We  now  have 
to  note  an  epoch-marking  event.    Mr.  Pickrell 
had  parted  with  Sweepstakes  and  Spears  was 
triumphant  with  Gen.  Grant.     The  desire  to 
gam  honors  in  the  show- ring  now  asserted  itself 
actively  throughout  the  West.    Leaders  in  the 
trade  sought  in  ever  direction  for  heavy  show- 
yard  timber.    While  the  Kentucky  and  Ohio- 
bred  cattle  and  their  descendants  were  con- 
tending among  themselves  for  the  mastery  in 
the  Ohio  and  Mississippi  Valleys  Hon  M  H 
Cochrane  of  Hillhurst,   Can.,  began  a  series 
ot  importations  destined   to  produce  marked 
changes  in  the  prevailing  channels  of  trade 
111  1S67  his  agent,  that  fine  judge  of  a  good 
feliort-horn,  the  late  Simon   Beattie,  selected 


iilliiU  li 


370 


A   HISTORY  OP   SnORT-UORN   CATTLE. 


tikii 


and   brought  out  by  tlio  steamship  Austrian 
troni  Glasgow  to  Montreal  a  cow  and  a  bull 
calf  that  proved  to  be  makers  of  history.    One 
was  Kosedale;  the  other,  Baron  Booth  of  Lan- 
caster 7535.     Of  the  former  we  shall  have  more 
to  say  later  on.    Of  the  latter  we  must  now 
speak  as  a  new  force  in  the  progress  of  the 
breed  in  the  Western  States.    Greater  cows 
than  Kosedale  may  have  trod  American  show- 
yards.    Greater  Short-horn  bulls  than  Baron 
Booth  of  Lancaster  may  have  "starred"  the 
great  show  circuits  of  the  Nation.     History  has 
failed,  however,  to  record  the  names  of  any 
such.    The  Baron  came  from  Scotland     He 
was  bred  by  G.  R.  Barclay  of  Fifeshire  and  was 
got  by  Baron  Booth  (21212)*  out  of  Mary  of 
Lancaster-one  of  a  set  of  triplets  bred  from 
the  herd  of  Amos  Cruickshank  of  Sittyton- 
by  Lord  Raglan  (13244).    His  second  dam  was 
Lancaster  25th  (of    same  derivation   as   Mr 
Cruickshank's  Lavenders— from  Wilkinson  of 
Lenton)  by  Matadore  (11800),  a  bull  that  was 
a  bi-other  to  Mr.  Alexander's  imp.  Mazurka,  by 
Harbmger.    Mr.  Cochrane  exhibited  the  youn-- 
stoas  a  yearling  at  Montreal,  Hamilton  and  at 

8hlr?"Ho  was  tTbv  pT  \''''  ^^  '^  ""'''''''  ""  Bralthwalte  Hall,  Yor.- 
7i  ,i,ns  ,^'^'^  ^'^'-  ^y  P>  Inco  George  ami))  out  of  Vesper  by  Kin?  Arthur 
a  110)  and  was  bou^-ht  by  Mr.  Barclay  when  a  two-year-old  for  $fo^H 

?lr'.nM  ^'■''"'\^"'t«'  "^«  ^'•^'it  Bhow  heifer  Booth's  Lancaster  B  o,h  s 
Ser.^hlna,  and  the  bull  Knl.ht  of  Wurlaby,  used  by  Messrs   HuuSu 


PROGRESS   IN   TUB    CENTRAL   WEST.  371 

the  New  York  State  Fair  in  ]8C8.  At  each  show 
1.0  wo,,  hrst  m  his  class  and  heade.l  the  win 
nniy  l,er,l  A  seule  of  points  was  used  in  tl^ 
]".l«.ni,'  at  the  York  St^Ue  Fair,  and  Baron 
Do,,  h  was  credited  with  9.^0  out  of  a  po  «" 
Wo  «<0  points:  1,000  heiuK  counted  as  perfec- 
tion n,  a  female,  30  points  being  allowed  for 

Through  Wm.  Miller  of  Canada,  afterward  of 
Sto,m  Lake,  la.,  Mr.  Pickrell  learned  of  the 

upon  the  pu  .he  in  Canada  and  the  East,  and  in 
company  with  W.  R.  Duncan  visited  Hi  Uuirst 
They  found  the  bull  even  better  than  they  lad 
anticipated  and  for  a  consideration  of  |1  550 

i  ud.  He  was  br.ught  to  Hlinois  by  Mr 
Jiierrf  Th*''  «'>:-'=terisic  thrift  ran  the 
t'inn  i    t    \   T^""^  ^'*  '^  valuation  of 

Sid  "In  r  ^""-  '^^■''  "^^  ^""*'  ^^  in- 
stalled in  his  new  position  in  .Tanuary  1869 

where  he  remained  in  service  until  his  death 

winch  occurred  while  e.  route  to  the  Hlinois 

hacked  bull  has  ever  been  produced  by  the 
Short-horn  breed.    His  top  from  crest  to  tafl 
-otwasthewonderofhist'ime.X,fb;eaS 

Justus  wen,  for  she  was  a  bud  oae/  "^^^''  ^'■«*''  ^^'«b  was 


i 


372 


A  HISTORY  OF  SHORT-HOUN  CATTLE. 


and  depth  and  evenness  of  flesh  had  not  before 
been  seen  in  the  West,  and  his  smoothly-cov- 
ered hips  were  something  of  a  revelation  to 
those  who  had  been  accustomed  to  the  rough- 
ness often  ol)servable  at  the  "hooks"  in  the 
leading  herds  of  that  date.    He  was  a  bull  of 
magnificent  substance,  possessing  great  depth 
of  chest  and  was  heavily  filled  behind  the  shoul- 
ders.   That  he  was  a  kindly  feeder  is  well  shown 
by  the  following  figures:    When  he  went  into 
herdsman  David  Grant's  hands  in  January,  1869, 
he  weighed  1,580  lbs.;  April  28, 1,730  lbs.;  June 
16, 1,810  lbs.;  Aug.  31,  1,965  lbs.;  Feb.  22,  1870 
2,170  lbs.;  July  1, 1870,  2,290  lbs.;  Sept.  2,  2,400 
lbs.,  and  at  full  maturity  2,600  lbs.     He  at  once 
took  and  held  a  commanding  position  in  the 
show-ring,  and  was  never  beaten,  as  a  sire 
shown  with  his  progeny.    It  must  be  remem- 
bered that  we  are  now  dealing  with  the  days 
of  the  battles  of  the  giants  of  the  Western 
arena;  that  the  "all-star"  combination  of  Col. 
William  S.  King,  the  like  of  which  has  possi- 
bly not  since  been  seen  in  America,  was  on 
the  road;  that  Gen.  Grant  and  Tycoon  were  in 
the  field;  that  ten  to  twelve  herds  often  en- 
tered the  competition;  that  sometimes  thirty 
to  forty  animals  ^vere  engaged  in  a  single  ring. 
To  have  been  the  most  successful  bull  of  this 
golden  age  of  the  Western  shows  is  sufficient 
to  stamp   Baron   Booth  of  Lancaster  as  the 


PROGRESS   IN    THE    CENTRAL   WEST.  373 

greatest  Short-horn  of  his  day  and  generation 
oil  this  continent. 
The  Bai-on  began  his  career  as  a  show  bnll 

liri^'f  t\   1  ^*f''^*  ^^""^^''^  State  Fair  of 
869  at  Toledo  Mr.  Pickrell  having  shipped  his 
Ilhnois  cattle  to  that  point,  where  he  met  great 
competition,  eleven  herds  competing  in  the 
Short-horn  class.     Daniel  McMillan  of   Ohio 
had  been  winning  the  herd  prize  at  the  Buck- 
eye show  for  so  many  years  that  it  was  consid- 
ered rather  presumptuous  on  the  part  of  an 
Ilhiiois  breeder  to  beard  the  lion  in  his  den  in 
this  manner     On  the  morning  of  the  show  Mr. 
Pickre  1  would  have  been  very  willing  to  have 
divided  the  money  with  McMillan,  but  before 
night  he  had  been  awarded  the  $200  prize  for 
best  herd,  the  Baron  also  receiving  first  prize 

ThP  M  tn  ""f  f^  ^^^^  ^""  championship. 
Ihe  McMillan  herd  wa.^  very  celebrated  at  this 
(late,  being  headed  by  the  Canada-bred  Pkn- 
tagenet  6031,  and  included  some  of  the  best 
0   the  Jere  Duncan  (Kentucky)  Louans  and 
other  good  sorts.    Mr.  Pickrell  had  visited  it  be- 
fore the  Toledo  show,  and  then  went  to  Ken- 
tucky to  attend  the  Bourbon  County  Fair    Mr 
McMillan  asked  him  to  examine  the  Kentuckv 
herds  carefully  to  see  if  he  thought  it  would 
pay  to  send  the  Ohio  show  herd  to  that  State, 
Mr   Pickrell  reported  favorably  and  the  Mc- 
Millan herd  was  so  exhibited,  and  with  success 


I 


fill 


»»! 


74        A   HISTORY   OF   8H0RT-H0RN   CATTLE. 


tilWi'ii 


The  Ohio  cattle  were  then  shipped  to  the  To- 
ledo and  afterward  to  the  Peoria  (111.)  Fair 
being  defeated  at  both  points  by  the  Pickrell 
herd.     Soon    after  these  shows  the  Pickrell 
and  Spears  herds  came  together  at  the  Illinois 
State  Fair  at  Decatur.    Messrs.  McMillan  and 
Charles  Fullington,  who  were  both  noted  Ohio 
breeders  of  that  aate,  were  present  as  visitors, 
and,  desiring  to  honor  them,  the  superintend- 
ent placed  them  upon  the  committee^  to  which, 
of  course,  nobody  could  object,  although  under 
the  circumstances  it  was  scarcely  fair,  as  Mr. 
Spears  had  purchased   Gen.  Grant  from  Mr" 
McMillan  and  the  bull's  dam,  Jessie,  had  been 
bred  and  owned  by  Mr.  Fullington.    They  gave 
the  Spears  herd  the  prize.    After  the  awards 
had  been  made  the  gentlemen  passed  up  to  the 
amphitheater,  where  Mrs.  Pickrell  and  her  sis- 
ter, Miss  Bedford,  who  lived  in  Kentucky,  were 
stationed,  and  of  course  the  award  was  dis- 
cussed in  the  presence  of  the  ladies;  where- 
upon Miss  Bedford    remarked  that   she  was 
"getting  scared."    She  "didn't  know  Kentucky 
was  getting  so  far  behind.    An  Ohio  herd  went 
South  and  beat  everything  there  was  in  Ken- 
tucky.    This  same  herd  then  goes  to  the  Ohio 
State  Fair  and  an  Illinois  herd  comes  along  and 
defeats  it.    Then  the  following  week  the  very 
herd  that  beat  the  Ohio  herd  is  beaten  by  an- 
other Illinois  herd."     So  she  thought  Illinois 


PE0GEE8S   IN  THE  CENTRAL   WEST.  375 

was  getting  clear  ahead  of  Kentucky  and  was 
getting  a  little  ahead  of  Ohio.    All  of  which 
rat  ler  annoyed  tho  Ohio  breeder  and  inciden- 
tally foreshadowed  the  future.    At  this  same 
sliow  Baron  Booth  of  Lancaster  was  so  unfor- 
tunate as  to  be  turned  down  to  third  place  in 
tlie  class  for  two-year-old    bulls,   first   prize 
gmng  to  2oth  Great  Republic,  owned  by  the 
Miakers  and  shown  by  John  Martin,  and  sec- 
(Jiid  prize  to  a  bull  called  Sucker  Boy  shown  by 
Harvey  Sodowsky  of  Vermilion  Co    111     Nei- 
ther of  these  bulls  cut  any  figure'in 'subse- 
quent showings,  and  the  committee  that  did 
the  woi'k  was  severely  criticised. 

■ '"  1*^^?  ^f !?"  "°''*''  "^^^  first-prize  and  cham- 
pion bull  at  Quincy,  111.,  at  the  Iowa  State  Fair 
and  at  the  Illinois  State  Fair,  champion  at  St 
Loms,  first  and  champion  at  Canton,  and  stood 
at  the  head  of  the  gi-oups  that  won  the  $100 

iril '""«  nF> *"'■.''"'* "^'^P'-^y '^t "•« I«»'^ Show 
I'ld  the  1100  prize  for  the  bull  showing  five 

best  calves  at  the  Illinois  State  Fair  In  1871 
le  was  first  and  champion  at  the  Illinois  State 

Kill,  first  at  St.  Louis,  and  at  the  head  of  the 

h  t-prize  herd  at  same  show,  besides  winning 
umerous  firsts  and  championships  at  local  faira 

or  himself  and  get.    In  1872  he  was  again  firS 

the  $200  bull  sweepstakes  at  St.  Louis  an.l  was 
everywhere  fii.t  with  his  get.    In  tact  he  was 


376 


A  HISTORY  OF  SHORT-HORN  CATTLE. 


never  defeated  in  showing  with  his  progeny, 
and  during  these  four  years  gained  for  the  Pick- 
rell  herd  prizes  aggregating  in  value  over  $4,000 
cash.* 

As  a  stock-getter  he  "  nicked  "  especially  with 
cows  and  heifers  by  Mr.  Renick's  old  Airdrie 
2478  and  those  by  the  11th  Duke  of  Airdrie 
5583.  It  was  a  cross  upon  an  Airdrie  cow  that 
gave  Mr.  Pickrell  Baron  Lewis,  a  bull  that  de- 
feated his  sire  for  the  bull  championship  at  an 
Indiana  State  Fair  and  was  the  first  bull  ever 
bred  in  Illinois  that  commanded  a  price  of 
$3,000.  Another  Airdrie  "nick"  was  the  phe- 
nomenal Lady  Bride,  that  sold  for  $2,850  and 
walked  through  the  Illinois,  Iowa  and  Missouri 
shows  an  undefeated  heifer.  Among  the  great 
Baron  Booths  out  of  11th  Duke  of  Airdrie  dams 
may  be  mentioned  Louan  Hill's  4th  and  5th  and 
Caroline  15th,  all  noted  show  animals. 

•Mr.  Pickrell  entered  a  competition  at  Canton,  111.,  in  1870,  where  $500 
was  offered  for  the  best  display  of  not  less  than  ten  nor  more  than  twenty 
head.  He  had  Baron  Booth  of  Lancaster  at  one  end  of  a  string  of  eighteen 
head  of  nice  cows  and  heifers  and  at  the  other  end  of  the  line  had  the 
Baron's  best  son,  Baron  Lewis.  Mr.  Dunlap  of  Jacksonville  showed  ten 
head  and  was  awarded  flrat  prize.  The  relative  values  of  the  competing 
lots  may  be  judu'ed  from  the  fact  that  Mr.  Dunlap  made  a  sale  the  following 
year  at  which  his  ten  prlze-wlimers  brought  a  total  of  $2,700  and  were  con- 
sidered well  sold  at  that.  Mr.  Pickrell  sold  Baron  Lewis  alone  tor  $3,000 
and  bad  his  sire  and  eighteen  cows  and  heifers  left. 


/-P^ 


CHAPTER    XIII. 


THE  BIRTH  OF  A  ''BOOM." 

While  the  breeders  of  the  Central  West  were 
successfully  extending  the  Short-horn  power 
in  the  Upper  Mississippi  Valley  States,  largely 
through  the  medium  of  impressive  show-yard 
displays,  operations  were  under  way  in  Eng- 
land and  the  East  that  were  soon  to  stir  the 
trade  to  its  very  depths.     Prior  to  the  appear- 
ance m  the  West  of  imp.  Baron  Booth  of  Lan- 
caster the  Duke  of  Airdrie- crossed  cattle— 
mamly  of  Alexander,  Bedford,  Renick,  War- 
field,  Vanmeter  and  Duncan   origin  — practi- 
cally held  undisputed  possession  of  the  field 
Aside  from  Gen.  Grant  there  were   but  few 
great  show  cattle  that  did  not  carry  some  per- 
centage of  the  blood  and  show  more  or  less  of 
the  character  of  the  Woodburn  Duke.    Daniel 
McMillan  of  Ohio  had,  it  is  true,  headed  his 
show  herd  with  the  Canada-bred  Plantagenet 

o.-,\'o?"!'  *^'^*  ^"^^  ^^'  g^t   '^y  Oxford  Lad 
(^4713),  bred  by  J.  0.  Sheldon  of  New  York 

from  imp.  Duke  of  Airdrie's  sire  imp.  Duke  of 

Gloster  (11882)  out  of  a  Bates  Oxford  cow,  so 

that  he  also  fell  within  the  rule  that  the  Bates- 

(377) 


s. 


J 


li'ljl 


iilil^ 


i 

:<   ■ 

# 

378 


A    HISTORY    OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


crossed  Short-lionis  vvero  tlio  ruling  riug-side 
power.  The  Ainericiiii-bred  cows,  with  which 
the  Bates  blood  had  '* nicked"  so  kindly,  were 
possessed,  as  a  rule,  of  sound  constitution  and 
ample  scale,  and  among  them  were  many  ex- 
traordinary milkers.  ^!ome  of  them  were  more 
or  less  lacking  in  refinement  of  character.  Un- 
der these  circumstances  it  is  easy  to  under- 
stand how  the  Bates  cross  acquired  public  fa- 
vor; the  prepotent,  line-styled,  level-lined  bulls 
of  that  strongly-bred  type  stamping  neatness 
and  finish  wherever  their  impressive  seal  was 
set.  \ 

"Royal"  honors  for  Bates  cattle.— On  the 

other  side  of  the  Atlantic,  while  Booth  and 
Towneley  had  been  doing  most  of  the  winning 
at  the  shows,  certain  wealthy  and  enthusiastic 
followers  of  the  fortunes  of  the  Bates-bred 
tribes  had  occasionally  tried  conclusions  with 
their  rivals  at  the  National  shows  with  good 
success.  The  Earl  of  Feversham  was  first  at 
the  Chester  Iloyal  of  1858  with  5th  Duke  of 
Oxford  (12762).*  At  the  Leeds  Royal  of  1861 
Col.  Gunter  won  high  honors,  gaining  first  in 
the  cow  class  with  Duchess  77th  over  animals 
shown  by  Richard  Booth  and  Lady  Pigot.  He 
was^also  first  in  three-year-old   heifers  with 

•Speaklngr  of  this  evont  Richard  Gibson  says:  "This  was  my  first 
Royal,  and  the  impression  left  upon  my  mind  by  5th  Duke  of  Oxford  has 
never  been  obliterated.  He  was  large  and  carried  lots  of  flesh.  Tlioway 
he  moved  and  the  air  of  conscious  superiority  he  assumed  I  have  never 
forgotten." 


THB    BIRTH   OF   A    "UOOH." 


379 

Dnohess  78th -twinned  with  Duchess  79th, 
hnc  was  paced  fourth  in  same  class;  Kicharc' 

li.K,lh  s  Soldier's  Bride  being  second.  1„  yea,^' 
i"K  l.e>fers  (iunter  was  first  with  Duchess  S3d 

I  »oon  becanie  evident,  however,  that  the 
to,  j  would  not  successfully  withstand  fore  ^ 

lb. .,  vvitl.  Duchesses  «7th  and  6!)th.  both  white 
!'"'  y'''^:  7<'«'.  '■ed-aud-white,  and  soon    e-' 
«.   e  tJ,e  only  possessor  of  the  tribe  in  England 
Duchesses  exported  to  England -fntbe 
.^l>.;ug  of  1801  Samuel  Thorne  Wsited  E  gla'd 
I  .was  besought  on  all  sides  for  Dnke  a 
ftl       b«  Is.     Accordingly,  he  sent  over  soon 
ttervviur'  the  roan  3.1  Duke  of  Thorndale  27S'^ 
tne  roan  4th  Duke  of  Thorndale  2790    he  w,Ue 
Ovlo  ;'  y'  TI-'™lalo,H488,  the  red  In^perll 

T        hi!;  •  •■'"•'  ,*•'"  ''f  *<"■  ''*''  ^'•'^'y  °f  Oxford, 
il  e  .jth  Duke  sickened  on  the  voyage  and  died 

tal     I       1  of  Thorndale  and  Imperial  Ox- 

4  otninp         T  "^^^  ''°"S'''  ''y  «'■•  Hales  at 
««»  guineas  and  earned  that  amount  in  fees 
^«|.e  durmg  the  first  two  seasons.     1     Mr 
Hales  sale  m  1862  he  vvas  taken  for  the  Ma, 
'l'>'«  of  Exeter  at  410  guineas  after  a  sharp  con 


880 


A   HISTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


h,  r 


test  with  Col.  Gunter,  who  subsequently  ac- 
quired the  bull  (in  18G7)  at  440  guineas.  He 
was  maintained  in  service  at  Wetherby  until 
his  death  at  ten  years  of  age  in  1869.  The  4th 
Duke  was  sired  by  Duke  of  Gloster  (11382)  out 
of  Duchess  66th,  and  enjoyed  with  the  7th 
Duke  of  York  (17754)  the  distinction  that  at 
tached  at  that  time  to  the  fact  that  the  pair 
were  the  only  "pure"  Duchess  bulls  in  Eng- 
land. Of  his  career  abroad  Mr.  Thornton 
writes: 

"The  stock  left  by  this  bull  is  not  only  numerous  but  valuable, 
showing  the  style  and  character  for  which  the  blood  is  remark- 
able. Probably  no  bull  earned  more  money  in  single  fees.  In  ap- 
pearance he  was  a  fine-looking  animal ;  his  head  and  crest  were 
magnificent,  his  hind  quarters  long  and  good,  but  the  tail-head 
was  rather  too  high.  His  shoulders,  which  were  perhaps  a  little 
upright,  made  him  appear  somewhat  deficient  behind  them,  and 
the  great  length  of  his  quarters  detracted  from  his  middle.  In 
hair,  quality  of  flesh,  and  in  grandeur  of  style  and  carriage  he 
was  wonderfully  good." 

One  of  the  4th  Duke  of  Thorndale's  Engh'sh- 
bred  heifers  from  a  Cambridge  Rose  dam  gave 
rise  to  wdiat  is  known  as  the  Thorndale  Eoses, 
the  original  heifer  of  that  name  being  sold  pri- 
vately in  1864  for  200  guineas  to  Mr.  Betts. 
Her  half-sister,  The  Beauty,  by  Puritan  (9523), 
for  which  Mr.  Jonas  Webb  gave  160  guineas  at 
the  Cobham  Park  sale,  was  bought  by  Lord 
Braybrooke  at  Webb's  sale  of  1863  in  calf  with 
Heydon  Rose,  which  in  the  hands  of  his  lord- 
ship founded  a  costly  family  bearing  her  name. 
Nine  descendants  of  The  Beauty  at  the  Webb 


THE    BIRTH    OF    A    "BOOM."  3HI 

sale  made  1,253  guineas;  one  bull,  Lord  Ch«n 
cellor  (20160),  afterward  a  Royal  ^inn  J  bdnl: 
ing  400  guineas.  '"^^ufe 

the  brand  Duchesses,  being  the  sire  of  the  fa- 
n.o,,s  Grand  Duchess  17th.   4th  Lady  of  Oxfo,^ 
also  acquired  renown,  not  only  as  a  breeding 
ammal,  but  in  the  show-yard  as  well.    \nml 
*.  Thorne  sent  to  England  Lord  Oxford  309J 
2d  Lord  Oxford,  Bishop  of  Oxford  and  nJTh 
beuevd  sm  of  J.  0.  Sheldon's  breeding    These 
also  brought  high  price.s,  600  guineas  being  X 
tan,ed  for  the  latter.    The  Duke  entere/the 
EnfTlish  show-yard  with  success  and   became 
very  famous  in  the  Bates  Short-horn  breed' ng 
■anks,  dynig  the  property  of  Lord  PenrC  if 
18(.7,    These  shipments  were  followed  by  the 
exportation  by  Ezm  Cornell*  of  Ithaca  N  Y 
ot  t  e  young  bull  3d  Lord  of  Oxfo.^  4958  brid 

lor!J;oSr'.*''*^'^"^°'^°"*^-*''-'^^' 

evSd"\*''V'*f"?"  ^'•-  ^-  A-  Alexander 

SJ)  5th  n  l."^'?V^^'    ^""^^   °f   Airdrie 
(iJb'W),  oth  Duke  of  Airdrie  (I960])  and  the 

»li>l..me.l  »  herd  „t  Shor  iorna  te  fm.Shf   „°,       ™  "''  "^^  """<»'■    H" 
"'«  ct  Which  ,„.,  te  ,„„„a  ,„  Vol,  VI uTivilrTh "J  '5°  '^'^'"  "' 
Amone  other  Eastern  breeder,  who  „,..,  k  """■  '"'»''■ 

^eoa-e  Butt,  .„a  Me8.r..  Wad.wonh  orsew  Y„rt  m""'"'  '''  ''■  ""'""• 
A.W,B,i,wola  of  VermoM;  Au(ru"l»,WhllT/,i^''"™- *'"»'»«' "a 
•ilBiaer  ol  Conuajtloul.  *"«»"'»»  Whltmun  or  MassachUBetM  and  B. 


A   HISTORY   OF   SnORT-IIORN   CATTLE. 

6th  Duko  of  Airdrie  (19602).  Those  all  repre- 
sented outcrosses  upon  the  Duchess  tril)e.  The 
2d  Duke  was  a  roan  sired  by  the  Duchess- 
crossed  Booth  bull  imp.  El  llakini  (15984).  He 
Wi's  calved  in  the  fall  of  1S")6  and  in  1859  was 
awarded  a  $1,000  championship  at  the  St.  Louis 
Fair.  He  was  a  bull  of  marked  excellence,  and 
became  the  property  in  England  of  Messrs.  C. 
Howard  of  Bidden  ham  and  J.  Robinson  of  Clif- 
ton Pastures.  The  5th  Duke  was  also  a  roan, 
calved  in  the  spring  of  1859.  He  was  sired  by 
a  bull  called  Lord  Languish  (20188),  that  had 
been  bred  at  Woodburn  from  imp.  2d  Duke  of 
Athol  and  imp.  Lydia  Languish,  by  Duke  of 
Gloster  (11882);  a  cow  that  traced  in  the  ma- 
ternal line  to  the  herd  of  Mr.  Robertson  of 
Ladykii'k.  The  5th  Duke  was  used  by  Mr.  T. 
Barber  of  Sproatley  Rise.  The  6th  Duke  of 
Airdrie  was  a  red,  dropped  in  the  spring  of 
1860  by  2d  Duchess  of  Airdrie  to  a  service  by 
the  white  bull  imp.  Albion,  son  of  imp.  Grand 
Turk  (12969)  and  Fawkes'  Frances  Fairfax.  The 
breeding  of  these  bulls  and  the  fact  of  their  ex- 
portation shows  that  the  fashion  for  cattle  bred 
strictly  in  the  Bates  line  did  not  receive  the 
countenance  of  th^i  broad-minded  proprietor 
of  Woodburn,  and  ti.at  fresh  blood  in  Mr.  Bates' 
favorite  family  was  not  deemed  an  objection  in 
the  minds  of  at  le^st  a  portion  of  the  English 
Short-horn  breeding  public  at  that  date.    imp. 


THE   BIRTH   OP   A    "BOOM." 


883 


Albion  was  also  exported    back   to  England 
along  with  these  Dukes  of  Airdrie 

The    Grand    Duchesses. -A    very   famous 
branch  o    the  Duchess  tribe,  descended  from 
Mr  Bates  Duchess  51st,  had  been  founded  in 
England  under  the  name  of  Grand  Duchesses 
Ihey  originated    with    Mr.   S.   E.   liolden    of 
Springfield   Hall,   Lancashire,  who  sought  to 
.wrect  what  he  regarded  as  the  faults  of  the 
Bates  type  by  means  of  fresh  crosses.    Accord- 
ingly he  introduced  extraneous  blood  through 
he  medium  of  the  bulls  Cherry  Duke  (12589) 

no-om  ^Tu''^^  ^^^^'^^^  ^^^^  2^  ^"^^'^  of  Bolton 
i]^(S^.  The  two  latter  carried  Booth  blood- 
be  1  rince  having  for  dam  Bridec^ake  of  the 
lliss  tribe,  and  the  latter  running  to  Richard 
Booths  Fame.  While  the  family  attained 
great  reputation,  and  produced  some  extraor- 

Q i' nTi uo'!''^''^?'^  ^''''^^^''  ''"^h  ^«  errand  Diike 
h  fl?"!^   *^^*   i-emarkable   cow  Grand 

1  udiess  17th,  by  Mr.  Thome's  Imperial  Oxford 
<lS0h4),some  of  the  partisans  of  Bates  breed- 
ing have  strenuously  denied  that  the  outcrosses 
really  did  anything  for  the  vitality  of  the  stock 
Ibe  tact  nevertheless  remains  that  in   later 
yeui-s  the  so-called  "pure"  Duchesses  became 
totally  extinct,  and  had  it  not  been  for  the 
Airdrie  and  Grand  Duchesses,  both  of  which 
earned  Booth  outcrosses,  Mr.  Bates'  favorite 
family  would  have  disappeared 


r 


B 


384 


A    lUSTOUY   OF  aUUUT-iiOKN   CATTLE. 


Mr.  Bolflou  had  sold  in  1860  twenty  head  of 
Bates  Waterloos  at  an  average  of  £92;  Sir  Cur- 
tis Latnpson  j,'iving  IfJG  guineaH  for  Waterloo 
20th.  In  1S()2  he  disj)osed  of  his  entire  herd, 
including  the  Grand  Duchesses,  to  Mr.  Atlun-- 
ton,  who  soon  afterward  pjirted  with  the  Graiid 
Duchess  family,  consisting  of  nine  cows  and 
four  bulls,  to  Ml'.  Hegan  of  Dawpool  at  privatt^ 
sale  for  the  lump  sum  of  £0,000.  Three  of 
these  cows  proved  barren,  and  after  Mr.  He- 
gan's  death  in  ISOS  the  ti'ibe— by  that  time 
numbering  seventeen  head,  of  which  twelve 
were  females  and  five  bulls— sold  at  a  memor- 
able auction  held  at  Willis'  rooms  in  London. 
The  Thorndale  bull  Imperial  Oxford  had  been 
used  in  the  herd  and  was  also  included  in  this 
sale.  Tt  had  been  Mr.  Hegan's  desire  to  close 
the  lot  out  as  a  whole,  and  it  was  understood 
that  the  Hon.  Col.  Pennant  had  offered  £(),()00 
for  the  twelve  females.  This  was  perhaps  the 
first  case  on  record  where  cattle  were  sold  at 
auction  without  the  animals  being  in  the  pres- 
ence of  the  bidders.  The  stock  had  been  pre- 
viously examined  at  Dawpool. 

The  sale  proved  thoroughly  sensational  in 
many  respects,  as  is  shown  by  the  comments 
of  the  London  press  at  that  time.  From  the 
Illustrated  Ncirs  we  quote: 

"  A  perfect  bridal  lunch  greeted  the  congress  of  about  120  lead- 
ing Short-horn  men— peers,  M.  P.s,  clergymen  and  laymen— who 
attended  to  see  the  great  battle  at  Willis'  rooms  over  the  eighteeu 


THE   BliriH  OF   A   "boOM."  886 

Grand  Dukes  and  Duchesses.    Lord  Fovorsham  was  in  the  chair 

:  circU  d're;;"fr""t '"*"  ^''"'''  "•^^  «"--^  other  me^^beS 
or  counc  1  direct  from  Hanover  Sc,uure) ,  uud  the  Bates  men  made 

Z^JT^'^^r^  "'^i^^  .^^-  '^'«-  "-^  Mr.  Thomas  Booth 
Hue  at  the  head  of  the  preat  rival  house  of  '  the  rod.  w  hite  and 
roan.'    The  noble  chairman  declared  his  KlrklevinS^n  fa  th  In 
such  unwavering  fashion  that  the  Booth  men  conu  fained  he  ra 
ther  ignored  Bridecake's  share  in  the  Grand  Duchess  pedigree  ' 

Mr  EL  Bofts  of  Preston  Hall,  Kent,  bought 
the  Nvho  0  herd  of  (J.uihI  Duchesses,  which  were 
sold  ni ^blocks  of  three."    For  the  first  trio  he 
paid  1,900  guineas;  for  the  second,  1,300  guin- 
eas; for  the  third,  1,800  guineas,  and  for  the 
mirth    ]  200  guineas;   also  securing  Imperial 
Oxtord  to  accompany  them  at  450  guineas. 
llioUrand  Dukes  were  scattered;  the  Duke  of 
Devonshire  buying  Grand   Duke  10th  at  600 
ginnoas.    The  London  Times  said  on  the  fol- 
lowing day: 

blaz7I'hlt'^^'''''r  ''^  '"'^  ''^  ^^""^  ^''"^^t  Pal^«  the  strongest 
sthtl  f  °,^'  ^"'  "'^  by  agricultural  societies.  There  is  no 
uch  test  of  value,  no  such  triumph  of  enterprise  as  that  which  is 
obtamed  without  shows  and  jud^^es  and  prizes  in  the  aucticm^oom 
we  h  V?  ''i  ^7"»«rcial  proof  of  what  can  be  done  and  how  f^r 
we  have  advanced  upon  our  forefathers  in  the  matter  of  kine^ 

Mr    Betts,  the  new  owner  of  the  family 

c  (.sed  out  his  herd  at  auction  in  May,  186?' 

He    had    not    been    particularly    successful. 

;mnd  Duchesses  iOth,  12th  and  14th  ail  died 

[om  indigestion  and  impaction  resulting  from 

he  teedingof  undecorticated  cotton-seed  cake. 

i  lie  7th  and   13th  were  slaughtered  and  his 

)est  bull  (;alt  of  the  tribe  died  just  before  the 

«^tie.     Nevertheless  some    astonishing  prices 


Hi'!' 


llii 


■:   :«i 


h  ' 


386 


A  HISTORY  OF  SHORT-HORN  CATTLE. 


were  made;  the  thirteen  head  bringing-  ^oir, 
guineas,  an  average  of  432  guineas.  Grraiid 
Duchess  17th,  described  as  "a  beautiful  cow 
with  good  ribs,  mossy  coat  and  splendid  touch." 
was  carried  to  850  guineas,  at  which  figure  she 
was  taken  by  Capt.  R.  E.  Oliver  of  Shoiebroke 
Lodge,  who  also  secured  the  18th  at  710  guineas. 
C.  H.  Dawson  gave  700  guineas  for  Grand  Duch- 
ess 19th;  Lord  Penrhyn  550  guineas  for  Grand 
Duchess  8th,  and  Earl  Spencer  430  guineas  for 
Grand  Duchess  20th.  The  highest  price  for  a 
bull  was  510  guineas,  paid  by  Mr.  Roberts  for 
Grand  Duke  16th  (24063);  Mr.  A.  Brogden  giv- 
ing 305  guineas  for  Grand  Duke  17th, 

Havering  Park  sale.— In  May,  1867,  Mr.  D. 
Mcintosh  of  Havering  Park,  Essex,  Eng..  who 
had  devoted  himself  successfully  to  the  breed- 
ing of  Bates  cattle,  held  a  sale  that  attracted 
widespread  attention.    3d  Duke  of  Thorndale 
and  Grand  Duke  4th  had  been  largely  used, 
and  the  sale  included  four  descendants  of  Mr! 
Thome's  Lady  of  Oxford  4th.    Her  daughter 
Lady  of  Oxford  5th,  "a  splendid  roan,  with  much 
substance  and  quality,"  had  been  a  winner  as  a 
calf  at  the  Worcester  Royal  in  1863  and  at  this 
sale  brought  the  top  price  of  600  guineas  from 
the  Duke  of  Devonshire.    Baron  Oxford,  a  two- 
year-old  by  the  American-bred  Duke  of  Geneva 
(19614),  was  eagei-ly  competed  for,  falling  to  Cul. 
Townelev  at  500  guineas,  while  his  half-brother 


THE    BIRTH   OF   A    '*BOOM."  §87 

Baron  Oxford  2rl  went  to  Mr.  Holland  at  the 
same  price. 

Sheldon  of  Geneva.- Mr.  J.  0.  Sheldon  of 
White  Spring  Farm,  Geneva,  N.  Y  (not  Illi- 
nois, as  certain  English  writers  persist  in  put- 
ting It),  upon  whose  shoulders  fell  the  mantle 
ot  bamuel  Thorne,  began  breeding  Short-horns 
by  making  the  importation  mentioned  on  page 
hi.  A  few  yearn  later  he  boug't  from  Mr. 
Ihorne  the  bull  imp.  Duko  of  Gloster  (11382). 
Duchess  64th  and  her  daughter  1st  Duchess  of 
Ihorudale  together  with  Duchess  C6th  and  her 

tt'f  ff  ^^"I'f.  H'^-    ^"  ^^^  1^«  bred  from 

tlUT^'  ^"^  °"'^'''  °*  ^'•'"''^^•'^  (19614),  sold 
to  Ml  1  home  and  exported  to  England.  Shel- 
don also  secured  some  of  the  Oxford  blood  from 
Thonidale  and  in  1  SCO  bred  from  that  family 
the  bull  (^x ford  Lad  (24713),  which  acquired 
l^ieat  reputation  in  the  herd  of  the  Hon.  David 
Christie  of  Caiiada.  Sheldon  also  bought  lar-^e- 
.vf.'«ni  Mr.  R.  A.  Alexander,  securing  a  num- 
ber of  the  daughters  of  imp.  Duke  of  Airdrie 
^vmoug  others  the  Victoria  covy  Vara  (that  be-' 

kerS'  Om  '"^"i"'^""*^^  ''"'^'  bull  Weehaw- 
;         «r'   »/,  *"'"'''''"  «f  ">e  Mazurka,  Con- 

ance  Miss  Wiley,  Vellum,  Jubilee,  Lady  Bate" 
Koau  Duchess,  Pearlette  and  other  noted  Wood: 
l'"ra  families.    He  also  bought  from  Mr  Alex- 
amler  the  7th  Duko  of  Airdrie  55.S2 

1"  18(.6  Samuel  Tliorne  decided  td  close  out 


I  ' 


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lllj 

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Wmti 

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388 


A   HISTORY   OP  SHORT-HORN  CATTLE. 


his  hord  and  devote  his  entire  time  to  the 
leather  trade  in  New  York  city,  the  business 
that  had  been  his  father's  chief  source  of  rev- 
enue, and  Sheldon  with  characteristic  shrewd- 
ness bought  the  entire  Thorndale  Herd  of 
Duchesses,  Oxfords,  etc.,  at  a  reported  price  of 
about  $40,000.  This  gave  him  a  monopoly  of 
the  so-called  "pure"  Duchess  blood  in  Amer- 
ica; and  as  the  English  landed  proprietors,  as 
well  as  prominent  Kentucky  breeders,  were  de- 
veloping a  marked  preference  for  Duke  and  Ox- 
ford bulls  he  now  occupied  a  strong  speculative 
position.   ' 

Geneva  cattle  abroad.— In  the  fall  of  1867 
Mr.  Sheldon  exported  to  England  two  bulls 
and  a  heifer  of  the  Duchess  tribe,  and  six  Ox- 
ford heifers.     They  were  taken  to  the  Queens 
farm,  Windsor  Park,  and  sold  at  auction  Oct. 
15  of  that  year.    After  inspecting  the  Ameri- 
can cattle  the  company  adjourned  l^r  business 
to  the  cafe  of  the  Castle  Hotel,  where  cham- 
pagne flowed  freely,  and  for  the  first  time  in  a 
long  professional  career  Mr.  Strafford,  as  auc- 
tioneer, sold  cattle  by  candlelight.     The  white 
7th  Duchess  of  Geneva  was  knocked  off  to  Mr. 
Leney  of  Kent  at  700  guineas.    In  fact  Leney 
was  the  chief  bidder,  and  his  persistency  and 
activity  added  gi-eat  zest  to  the  proceedings. 
8th  Lady  of  Oxford  and  6th  Maid  of  Oxford 
were  taken  respectively  l)y  Col.  Towneley  at 


M 


THE   BIBTH   OF   A    "BOOM." 


389 


4.-.0  and  400  guineas.  Leney  paid  400  euineiw 
.or  4th  Maid  of  0.xford,  Col  Kingscfte  250 
KUineas  for  Countess  of  0.xford  and  Mr.  Down- 
■  ng  200  guineas  for  5th  Maid  of  Oxford.  Leney 
a  so  paid  260  guineas  for  7th  Maid  of  Oxford 
Ihe  young  bull  12th  Duke  of  Thorndale  was 
very  much  out  of  condition  and  was  bought  in 

d  nlZnf  r'  '*  '''  ^"'"^''^•*  l^"*  tl^^  roan 
31  Duke  of  Geneva  went  to  Mr.  Mcintosh  at 

aoO  guineas.    For  the  entire  lot  «17,325  was 
obtained,  an  average  of  12,615.50.    The  six  Ox 
fords  averaged  ^2,293.    When  to  the  total  the 
then   existing  premium  on  gold  was   added 
Sheldon  had  nearly  |20,000  in  American  cur- 
rency, less  the  expenses  of  transportation     In 
commenting  upon  this  result  the  London  'lllus- 
i         ^^'"s  said:    "People  differ  in  opinion  as 
to  whether  the  American  lots  would  have  made 
most  under  the  greenwood  or  around  the  ma- 
hogany tree;  but  the  sale  was  unique  i„  char- 
acter and  served  to  stamp  1867  as  an  annus 
mimlnhs  in  Short-horn  history."    hi  fact  this 
invasion  of  England  by  Sheldon  created  some- 

r^fco  f  "^a^*'«"  o»  both  sides  the  water.f 
In  1&69  Mr.  E.  H.  Cheney  of  Uaddesby  Hall 
bought   troni   Mr.  Sheldon  the    two-year-old 
he^er  lltli  Duchess  of  Geneva,  the  yearling 


SffKH 


ill 


^^t::)! 


'■       ihh 


Ill 


p 


390 


A  HISTORY  OF  SHORT-HORN  CATTLE. 


14th  Duchess  of  Geneva  and  the  bull  calf  9tli 
Duke  of  Geneva  for  the  lump  sum  of  $12,500; 
and  at  the  same  time  the  roan  bull  calf  8th 
Duke  of  Geneva  was  exported  to  Messrs.  Har- 
ward  &  Downinj^  at  $4,000. 

Walcott  &  Campbell.— While  Mr.  Sheldon 
was  thus  acquiring  international   position  in 
the  Short-horn  trade  Messrs.  Walcott  &  Camp- 
bell,  proprietors  of  the  extensive  New  York 
Mills  Sheeting  Factories,  on  the  Mohawk  River, 
some  two  miles  north  of  Utica,  had  laid  the 
foundation  of  the  herd  that  was  destined  to 
confound  the  agricultural  world.    The  Hon.  S 
Campbell  of  this  firm  was  a  native  of  Ayrshire, 
Scotland,  who,  from  w^orking  at  the  loom,  be- 
came superintendent  and  eventually  partner 
in  the  great  cotton  mills  mentioned.    In  ac- 
quiring water  privileges  for  the  mills  it  had 
been  necessary  to  purchase  some  1,400  acres  of 
rich  bottom  land,  which  the  firm  desired  to 
put  to  some  profitable  use.    The  idea  of  cattle- 
breeding  suggested  itself,  and  Mr.  Campbell's 
early  instincts  inclined  him  naturally  to  the 
dairy  breed  of   his  native  county.    Re  first 
turned  his  attention,  therefore,  to  Ayrshires,  in 
partnership  with  Mr.  James  Brodie,  a  Scotch- 
man who  had  also  imported,  in  connection 
with  a  Mr.   Hungerford,   a  few   Short-horns, 
among  which  were  two  cow^s  and  a  bull  ti'om 
the  herd  of  J.  Mason  Hopper.    These  cattle 


THE   BIRTH   OF   A 


"boom." 


891 


had  a  double  cross  of  Belleville  (6778)  and  were 
superior  specimens.  Mr.  Campbell  bought 
llimgerford's  interest  and  eventually  acquired 
Brodie's. 

Richard  Gibson  v^^as  employed  as  manager  of 
the  farm  and  cattle,  and  speaking  of  the  trans- 
action just  mentioned  says: 

"By  this  deal  Mr.  Campbell  became  possessed  of  Short-horns, 
for  which  he  had  no  love  at  the  time,  and  I  doubt  if  he  ever  had. 
It  was  only  the  calves  that  he  cared  for  Of  an  Ayrshire  he  was 
a  fair  judge,  and  as  they  were  a  paying  investment  in  supplying 
milk  to  the  operatives  they  were  looked  upon  with  a  great  deal 
more  favor  by  the  proprietor  than  were  their  swell  relatives  the 
Short-horns.  '  Gibson,  what  good  are  they?  They  give  no  milk ; 
just  one  mass  of  blubber;  you  can't  eat  them.'  This  idea  of  a  cow 
simply  raising  a  calf  was  preposterous,  just  as  among  the  opera- 
tives every  child  must  work,  and  usually  the  mother  as  well.  So 
it  is  easy  to  understand  that  in  this  community  of  busy  workers 
no  drones  were  allowed,  and  the  Short-horn  cow  at  rest  in  the 
rich  pastures  of  the  Mohawk  Valley,  negligently  chewing  her  cud, 
was  entirely  out  of  keeping  with  the  surroundings.  Why  should 
the  patrician  English  cattle  live  in  purple  and  fine  linen?  They 
weaved  not,  neither  did  they  spin ! 

"The  remark  quoted  c;  ne  in  response  to  my  question  as  to 
what  bull  to  breed  the  Short-horn  cows  to.  I  was  led  to  make 
this  inquiry  on  seeing  the  men  take  out  the  Ayrshire  bull  to  the 
Short-horn  cow  imp,  Rosamond.  My  ire  arose.  No  more  such 
sacrilege  was  permitted,  but  it  was  some  months  before  T  could 
persuade  Mr.  Campbell  to  allow  me  to  buy  a  bull.  I  eventually 
secured  Weehawken,  bred  by  J.  O.  Sheldon.  Upon  this  bull 
hinged  the  destiny  of  the  breed  so  far  as  the  Mills  was  concerned. 
He  proved  a  most  impressive  sire,  and  as  his  progeny  developed 
his  value  became  more  established,  and  yearly  the  treasury  of  the 
New  York  State  Agricultural  Association  was  laid  under  contri- 
bution. After  returning  from  one  of  our  successful  trips  Mr. 
Campbell  put  the  situation  in  this  way :  '  Now  I  find  your  things ' 
(he  always  called  them  'Gibson's  things'  up  to  a  certain  time) 
'  are  giving  us  notoriety.  We  must  either  get  rid  of  them  or  go  in 
deeper.  I  don't  ask  your  c  pinion ;  I  know  what  that  will  be ;  but 
this  1  ask,  can  we  take  as  high  a  position  with  Short-horns  as  we 


392 


A    UISTOKY    OF   SHOET-llOKxN    CATTLE. 


tfi 


have  done  with  Ayrshires?  Remember,  T  will  play  second  to 
none.'  My  reply  was:  '  You  can't  unless  you  can  persuade  Mr 
Sheldon  to  sell  his  herd,  which  I  feel  sure  he  will  not  do.  But 
you  can  do  this:  go  on  the  opposition  tack  and  buy  Booths  and 
beat  him  in  the  ring  wherever  he  shows.'  " 

Gibson*  was  quite  familiar  with  the  extraordi- 
nary show-yard  career  of  Booth  Short-horns  in 
England  and  had  not  failed  to  notice  tlie  sensa- 
tion created  on  this  side  the  water  by  Mr.  Cocli- 
rane's  importation  of  Baron  Booth  of  Lancas- 
ter and  Rosedale.    He  accordingly  had  a  long 
conversation  with   Mr.  Campbell,  explaining 
that    there  were  then  practically  no   Booth 
Short-horns  in  America,  and  it  was  decided 
that  Gibson  should  go  to  England  at  once  and 
make  purchases  of  cattle  of  that  })lood.    This 
w^as  in  1860 ;  and  the  events  that  followed  may 
best  be  understood  by  a  brief  digression  at  this 
point. 

First  Hillhurst  importations.— Hon.  M.  H. 

Cochrane  of  Hillhurst  Farm,  Quebec,  C^an.,  was 
prominent  among  those  enterprising  men  who 

♦Mr.  Gibson  was  born  in  England  in  1840,  almost  beneath  the  shadow 
of  Belvoir  Caatle,  the  seat  of  the  Duke  of  Rutland.  Educated  at  the  Kram- 
mar  schools  of  Derby  and  Lincoln  he  entered  a  grain  merchant's  office  for 
a  period  of  two  years,  after  which  he  studied  closely  for  four  years  the 
farming  methods  of  his  father,  who  bad  gained  various  prizes  for  the  best 
cultivated  farm  in  Derbyshire.  Speaklug  of  his  early  life  Mr.  Gibson  says: 
"My  father  always  kept  a  pure-br('d  bull.  The  first  I  remember  was  a  son 
of  Earl  of  Dublin,  the  white  Princess  bull  used  by  Sir  C.  Knightley ;  and  the 
first  noted  bull  I  recollect  was  tlie  same  Earl  of  Dublin.  The  farm  reeked 
of  Short-horns,  as  it  was  occupied  by  Mr.  Smith,  a  piu-chaser  at  Collings' 
sale,  and  a  member  of  the  Dishley  Club.  The  old  men  talkt'd  of  Lancaster 
and  Comet,  and  the  yarns  when  shearing  sheep,  etc.,  fell  on  ears  whose 
sensitive  organism  was  receptive  to  tlio  quaint  langnag.' and  enthusiasm 
of  the  illiterate  bii  t  observant  herdsman."  One  of  a  family  of  fourteen  clill- 
Urtiu  and  the  eldett  of  eight  sons  he  determined  upovi  univiiig  at  the  age  of 


TUE   BIRTII    OF   A    '"BOOM. 


393 


contributed  largely  to  the  great  expansion  in 
Sliort-horn  trade  and  values  that  set  in  just 
l)nor  to  1870.  It  was  in  1SG7  that  he  began 
his  memorable  series  of  importations.  The  in- 
itial shipment,  selected  by  the  late  Simon  Beat- 
tie,  consisted  of  two  of  the  greatest  show-yard 
celebrities  known  to  American  Short-horn  his- 
tory, to-wit.:  Baron  Booth  of  Lancaster,  al- 
midy  referred  to,  and  the  wonderful   Booth 

Uvvmy-one  to  seek  his  fortune  In  America.  He  landed  at  Quebec  In  1861  and 
for  two  years  followintr  worked  at  farming  in  Ontario,  after  which  he  ri- 
cyived  an  appointment  as  manager  for  Mr.  Delamatcr,  a  shipbuilder  of  New 
\  ork.  wlio  owned  a  1,600-acre  farm  on  Lonjr  Islan.l.  After  two  years'  serv- 
ice In  this  capacity  he  was  employed  by  Mr.  Campbell  to  manafje  the  farms 
at  New  York  Mills.  He  retaine.i  this  responsible  position  until  aboxU  one 
year  prior  to  the  great  closine-out  sah,  <,f  the  herd,  subsequently  engaffing 
in  Canada  in  the  Importing  and  exporting  trade  on  his  own  account,  and 
a  ervvanl  purchasing  his  present  farm  of  Belvolr,  where,  after  a  remark- 
al,l,.  experience  in  connection  with  the  international  trade  in  pedigreed 
live  stock,  ho  still  resides.  you  eiteu 

In  the  course  of  his  eventful  career  Mr.  Gibson  has  crossed  the  Atlan 
tic  more  than  thirty  times,  usually  on  business  relating  to  the  live-stock 
tr.ule  and  has  enjoyed  the  acquaintance  of  a  majority  of  the  most  promi- 
nent Short-horn  breeders  of  his  time.    He  has  boen  a  frequent  contrCtor 

0  the  afrncultural  press  and  has  served  as  an  expert  Judge  of  many  ailZ 
e„  varieties  of  hve  stock  at  the  leading  shows  of  North  America,  besfdes 
bd,u^- President  of  the^Dominion  Short-horn  Breeders' Association  and  of 

h..  Donmiion  Kennel  Club.  Like  Jorrocks  of  old  he  Is  a  thorough  believer 
h  he  efficacy  Of  'a  bit  C  blo.d,  whether  it  be  in  a  'orse,  a  'ound'  or  any 
0  he  of  the  many  four-fooled  or  feathered  pets  by  which  Anglo-Saxons  of 
rural  tastes  love  to  surround  themselves.  One  of  the  most  companion^ 
0  men.  fond  of  a  good  dinner  and  a  good  story,  an  admirable  racLteur  llm^ 
«olf,  he  IS  never  so  happy  as  when  living  .-..ain  In  retrospect  the  stirring 

.ues  of  Which  he  has  been  a  witness,  ans  ,.ls  wealth  of  cattle  lore  is  over 

at  b..  service  of  those  who  share  his  lute,  est  In  the  great  achievements  of 

the  rare  old  worthies  of  the  past.  "^cuis  oi 

Mr.  Gibson  belongs  to  a  remarkable  family.    His  brother  John  T.  was 

manager  for  Col.  William  S.  King  when  Lyndale  was  in  its  prime,  and  w  s 

ub..,,„enf ly  manager  for  .T.  J.  Hill  of  North  Oaks.    Anothc^  bro  1  er  Wil 

;    T^    ;  ,T"   f  °*^''''  ^""Othev,  Arthur,  is  manager  for  Mr.  Philo  L.  Miim 

of  Ruddington  Hall.  Nottingham,  Eng.,  and  a  fifth  brother.  Charles  17]^ 

"hSL  ^  ''"'"^  "'"'^'^ ""'  *^^  '-'"''''''  ^•^"*«-  '^  '-  Australia  fuidpied 


394   A  HISTORY  OP  SHORT-HORN  CATTLE. 

COW  Roseclcile,  bred  by  Liidy  Pigot.  Along 
with  Rosedale  came  her  bull  calf  Capt.  Aitou 
0512.  Baron  Booth  went  into  the  West  to  win 
imperishable  renown  in  the  herd  of  M\\  Pick- 
rell,  and  Rosedale  soon  afterward  followed; 
being  purchased  by  Col.  William  S.  King  of 
Minneapolis,  in  whose  hands  she  proved  the 
sensation  of  her  time. 

In  1808  Mr.  Cochrane  imported  elevei.  head, 
four  of  wdiich  were  of  Bates  breeding  and  the 
remainder  of  Booth  blood  from  the  herds  of 
William  Torr  and  R.  S.  Bruere.  Fie  resolved 
to  be  "in','  on  the  Duchess  proposition  as  well 
as  the  trade  in  show  stock  of  Booth  deriva- 
tion, and  bouglit  from  Col.  (lunter  of  Wetherhy 
Grange,  Yorkshire,  the  yearling  heifer  Duchess 
97th  for  $5,000*— the  highest  price  up  to  that 
date  ever  paid  for  a  cow  or  heifer  of  any  breed; 
and  from  C.  W.  Harvey  of  Walton-on-the-Ilill' 
Liverpool,  the  young  Bates  cow  Wild  Ev.os  26th 
and  her  bull  calf.  Meantime  he  had  secured 
from  Sheldon  the  1 1th  Duke  of  Thorndale.  This 
shipment  is  notable  not  only  for  the  purchase 
of  the  Duchess  heifer  a!"  .i  startling  price  l)ut  as 
having  included  the  roan  bulls  Robert  Napier 
8975  and  Star  of  the  Realm  11021;  the  former 
bred  by  Mr.  Torr,  descending  from  Booth's 
Anna,  and  the  latter  bred  by  Mr.  Bruere  from  his 

*  This  was  the  first  Duchess  femalo  Guntor  had  parted  with  up  to  1,S«8. 
He  had  refused  In  1805  an  offer  from  Mr.  Belts  of  1,()00  guineas  for  Duchess 
84th  and  her  heifer  calf  Duchess  y2d. 


'-i  ^iifi: 


THE    BIRTH   OF  A    "boOM." 


395 


Vesper  tribe.  We  have  already  alluded  to  the 
gmit  impression  made  by  Baron  Booth  of  Lan- 
caster  upon  the  breeders  of  the  Central  West 
and  quick  appreciation  of  the  value  of  these 
ooth  bu  s  was  shown  in  another  quarter. 
\ViIham  Warfield  became  the  owner  of  Robert 
^aJ.leI-  and  A.  J.  Alexander,  who  had  succeeded 
to  the  ownership  of  Woodburn  upon  the  death 

0  his  brother  R.  A.  Alexander-which  occurred 
Dec.  1,  18G7-took  Star  of  the  Realm 

Fn  1869  Mr.  Cochrane  made  two  importa- 
tioiis,  one  m  June  and  one  in  August.  These 
were  practically  all  Booth-crossed  stock,  from 
he  herds  of  such  successful  adherents  of  the 
house  of  Booth  in  Great  Britain  as  Messrs  R 
Chaloner  of  King's  Fort,  Ireland;  T.  E.  Pawiett 
of  Beeston  T  Barnes  of  Westland,  Ireland; 
lorr  of  Aylesby  and  Hugh  Aylmer  of  West 
Dereham  Abbey, Norfolk.    One  of  the  bulls,  the 

n  y  w-n'"'^  ^'"-  ^''^''^'  ^19^'  was  bought 
by  Col  Wilham  S.  King,  the  owner  of  Rose- 
flale,  who  was  easily  the  most  daring  operator 
ot  the  day  in  the  Western  States. 
_The  time  seemed  ripe,  therefore,  for  New 

an/w^iX^r lr;^;,;'f  :!:-/j;f  [  --  i'  '--  ^""  Of  ^eat  scale 
uniform  breeder.  HircalvL  Brti?:.  Iv  /v^r^^'^  '"^"'  ""^''''^^  ^^«  ^e  a 
8th  (Vol.  XI,  page  838)  M  Z'^^Tr     ^       '  ^^'  '"'^''  *''^'  ^°"''°"  ^^^^^^ess 

malH  as  I  fvor  brori     w„  -o     <      .       ,  ^^    l<07o)-wore  as  fine  anl- 

">..  ran,.oa;,  wb[:u  I  b"^^  ^ir  ;e™:r.r  r"^  t^""'  '^^  *^^  ^^'^«  - 

I  think  i,e  finally  fell  Into  the  hanri«^^^  ^""''^  ^^'"  '°  ''  neighbor  and 
fine  .la,,.„ter  oMhis  Cl  Sed  S  Mr  w'arS'  """';"''•  ''°"'  ^"°*^- 
and  shown  by  J.  IT.  PIcbrell  Warfield,  was  Lucy  Napier,  bought 


ItW^^I 


1l  I    •li' 


1 

1 

ifF 

T 

396 


A    HISTORY    OF   8IT0UT-II0RN   CATTLE. 


K'> 


York  Min^  ir.  follow  (Jibsoii's  advice  uik 
gnnuiiig  i'or  Slioldon  with  Jiootii  weapons. 

Gibson  buys  Booths  for  New  York  Mills.— 
T.  C,  Booth  of  Wailaby  was  now  at  tin;  cli- 
max of  his  show-yavfl   -eimwn.     Cominiui(l(3r- 
iii-Chief  (21415)  and  the  marvelous  Lady  Fni- 
gi-ant  had  been  chjimpions  of  the  breed  at  the 
Leicester  Royal  of  ISfiS.*   While  the  Bates  men 
had  forced  pi-ices  for  their  favorites  to  a  liigli 
point  Warlaby  also  had  a  powerful  following 
throughout  the  United  Kingdom,  and  nothing 
l)ut   very   tempting   offers   would   induce   Mr. 
Booth  to  part  with  any  of  his  best  cattle  to 
come  to  America.    Mr.  Gibson  had  not  gone  so 
far,  however,  for  the  purpose  of  purchasing  in- 
ferior specimens,  and  at  the  handsome  fignre 
of  $5,000  secured  the  great  roan  heifer  Bride  of 
the  Vale,  sii-ed  by  Lord  of  the  Valley  (148;]7) 
out  of  the  famous   Soldier's  Bride.    He  also 
bought  the  roan  bull  calf  Royal  Briton  (27351), 
bred  at  Warlaby  from  Lord  Blithe  (22120),  tra- 
cing through  Crown    Prince  to   Bride   Elect. 
From  the   same  noted  nursery  of  show-yard 
champions  came  the  roj?,n  heifer  Merry  Peal, 
by  Commander-in-l1iief,  and  the  white  heifer 
White  Rose,   by  Mountain   Chief.      P'roni   R. 
Chaloner,  King's  Fort,  Ireland,  he  bought  the 

*The  last  appearance  of  the  Booths  at  the  English  Koyalwas  at  Man- 
chester in  1809,  upon  which  occasion  Lridy  Fragrant  was  champion  female 
and  Karl  of  Derijy  i  '1638),  bred  and  shown  by  Wiley  of  Brandsby,  wati  eham- 
pi'^n  bull. 


THE    BIRTH   OP   A    '' BOOM." 


:397 

vvhito  heifof  Faiv  Maid  of  Hope  ainl  her  },ull 
call   Iving  of  the  Ocean.     Four  other  heifers 
vy.ro  also  selected,  included  a.noug  them  beii,« 
the  white  Knightley  l-ifer  Lady  Oxford     IliH- 
hurst  had  aln^ady  set  the  pace.     The  price  paid 
Or  Ih'Hh^  of  the  Vale  ($5,000)  was  fixed  by  the 
hu'i  that  (liinter  had  just  obtained  that  unpre- 
ccloiited  fi-nre  f.om  Mr.  Cochrane  for  a  Duch- 
ess heifer.     The  Booths  were  cpiite  as  proud  of 
their  reputation  and  prestige  as  were  the  fol- 
Imvers  of  the  fortunes  of  Thomas  Bates,  and 
U arhiby  teniales  were  quite  as  difficult  to  ob- 
tain as  were  specimens  of  the  Duchess  tribe, 
ft  had  been  Mr.  Booth's  settled  policy  not  to 
sell  females  to  contemporary  British  breeders 
ohore  ained  in  Enirland.    He  had  permitted 
Mr.  Hoden  to  send  out  a  shipment  to  Austra- 
ia,an.l  wo  be.Jeve  that  a  Christen  heifer  had 
l)Pe.i  sold  to  Mr.  B.  St.  John  Ackers  of  Prink- 
nasl,  1  ark.  who  was  a  distant  relative     At  that 

ed  into  full  fellowship  with  the  time-honored 
Booth  Short-horn  strains.  Aside  from  these 
tiaiisaction^  Bride  of  the  Vale  and  Merry  Peal 
weio.  we  believe  the  only  heifers  Mr.  Booth 
md  parted  with  for  breeding  purposes,   and 

ley  were  only  sold  with  the  understanding 
that  they  were  to  ])e  taken  to  America. 

fhoni ''^•^?  ^^']  ^'^^'^  "^^'^  imported,  including 
theChnston  heifers  Patricia  and  Minaret.    In 


lU 

!f  ■.fl 

'fi 

398 


A    mSTOHY    OF    SHOUT-MOKN    CATTLK. 


tl 

matmm^"'.  ■ 

j       ; 

1 

> 

■wi  ■    ...  . 

this  lot  were  two  IkmIVi-s  tVom  Torr's  Wiiterl(„> 
tribe  and  the  i-otm  IJaion  Oxford's  Beauty  Iron, 
Col.  Towneley's.  This  shii)ment  experioiiciHl 
cold  weather  at  sea,  hut  the  day  the  cattle 
landed  in  New  Yoi-k  harbor  the  thernionicfer 
registered  105  deg.  in  tiie  shade.  Poor  I'atij. 
cia,  for  which  lo.OOO  had  been  paid,  succumbed 
to  tlie  heat  on  shipboard  before  the  cattle 
could  be  hinded.  Had  the  rest  not  been 
carefully  handled  after  unloading  other  losses 
would  doubtless  have  occurred.  CUbson  hud 
them  hauled  from  the  dock  to  the  i-ailway 
fi-eight-yard  in  canopy-covered  "lorries,"  with 
a  big  sponge  tied  on  top  of  the  head  of  each 
animal  and  a  boy  alongside  of  each  cow  to 
apply  cold  water.  In  this  way  they  were  safe- 
ly started  for  the  farm. 

The  Mills  now  had  indeed  the  nucleus  of  a 
herd  which  might  well  set  Iktes  men  thinking. 
Cochrane  and  Simon  Beattie  in  Canada  were  at 
this  time  attracting  the  attention  of  the  trade 
on  both  sides  of  the  water  by  their  extensive 
importations  of  Booth -crossed  stock,  and  it 
really  began  to  look  as  if  that  type  might  at 
last  become  a  formidable  rival  of  the  Bates 
tribes  in  the  New  World. 

Sensational  transfer  of  the  Sheldon  herd.— 
Sheldon  was  nothing  if  not  shrewd,  and  soon 
scented  danger  in  the  Booth  propaganda  with 
such  backers  in  the  East  as  Walcott  &  Camp- 


THB  BfRTn  OF  A   "BOOM."  ;)99 

bell   Simon  neattie  and  M.  II.  (:,„.|„ano,  and 

.ud,  .synipatlnzers  in  the  West  as  the  inf  uen- 

.all.reecle,-sal,ea.lyn,ontione,l.     He  resolve 

erefore,  to  „,ake  tonns  witl.  the  New  Vork 

Jhlls  management.  a,„l  offered    to  sell    Mr 

(.uMpbell  one-balf  of  the  (ieneva  herd.    This 

was.nl.SCfl.    Mr,  Oil,,son  advised  (hat  the  pn! 

IN.SO  be  nrnde     Mr.  Camphell  replied:    "(nt 

ou  don  t  know  the  price."    The  imperturbable 

;  I'son  rejo.ned:    "Never  min,l  that.     /In,," 

bo.li  ided  by  a  process  of  alternate  .selection 
Sheldon  secured  first  choice  in  the  "toss  up  " 
and  picked  12th  Duchess  of  Geneva.  The  s;. 
e.tion  proceeded  until  Mr.  Sheldon  had  in  ad- 

,       w  ,'""'  "'"'    '3"'   r)uchesses  „f 

Id  tt  n  ^^"'■''^^-''e-^  "f  Geneva  and  the  3d 
i.d  9t  Duchesses  of  Tborndale.  Of  the  Ox- 
«■■<!»  Sheldon  secured  Cth  Lady.  3d  M  id    2d 

Hitr;;;,' f  r ' ''f  "'■  ^''--'ooktS 

I    ' '""'  '"th  Ladys  and  2d  Maid.     The  entire 

le  4th  Duke  of  Geneva,  then  at  the  head  of 
herd,  was  retained  in  common.    Further 

■de  wi:  t^f  "'"u'f "°  "^•'-■"  - 1^-'«" 

had  the  first  option.    The  Duchesses  had 


.r«?sfe 


IfiiWi 


400 


A  HISTORY  OF  SHORT-HORN  CATTLE. 


cost  Walcott  &  Campbell  an  average  of  $5  500 
each  and  the  Oxfords  $2,800  each. 

Immediately  after  this  division  of  the  herd 
Sheldon  he^an  stocking  up  again  and  within  a 
year  his  stables  were  found  full  to  overflowing 
He,  of  course,  looked  to  Vv  alcott  &  Campbell 
to  buy  the  entire  outfit.  He  was  playing  the 
Duchess  game  for  all  there  was  in  it.  The 
New  York  Mills  people  declined  to  be  baited, 
however,  in  any  such  wholesale  manner.  They 
were  perfectly  willing  to  take  the  Duchesses 
and  Oxfords,  but  this  did  not  suit  Sheldon. 
The  facts  as  to  the  deal  which  finally  resulted 
in  their  transfer  to  Walcott  &  Campbell  in 
1870  are  set  forth  by  Mr.  Gibson  in  the  follow- 
ing language. 

-Sheldon  had  not  filled  his  barn  fornaught.  A  deadlock  en- 
sued. James  Wadsworth  was  nibbling,  Col.  King  of  Minnesota 
was  after  them  and  so  was  Cochrane  of  Canada.  A  sale  cata 
logue  was  then  circulated  and  date  arranged.  Walcott  &  Camp- 
bell s  hands  were  forced  and  they  were  obliged  to  buy  in  self-de- 
fense The  lot  was  taken,  fifty  females  and  fourteen  bulls  at  a 
round  $100,000,  with  interest  at  6  per  cent  until  paid.  Now  Mr 
Campbell,  though  born  an  alien,  had  confidence  in  the  Govern- 
ment's pledges  to  pay.  Mr.  Sheldon  was  a  Democrat  and  gues.sed 
otherwise.  Gold  was  about  160  and  the  agreement  was  that  when 
the  settlement  was  made  it  was  to  be  on  the  basis  of  gold  as 

nf"*,?^  Z^^l^^^f  '""i'-     ^''"" '■    ^^"'^  P^^^  ^^^  «ri^i°al  debt 
of  $100,000.    Mr.  Campbell  could  have  paid  at  time  of  purchase 

just  as  well  as  not,  but  preferred  waiting  under  the  circum- 
stances and  therein  got  a  chance  to  'even  up'  with  Mr.  Sheldon." 

"Duke"  bulls  in  demand.— Thorne  and  Shel- 
don's European  trade  had  served  as  a  great 
advertisement  for  the  Thorndale  and  Geneva 


j,,,;.   i      14 . 


THE  BIRTH   OF   A    "bOOM." 


401 


stock.    The  Keiituckians,  naturally  predisposed 
to  lavor  the  Duchess  proposition  by  reason  of 
their  satisfactory  experience  with  the  kindred 
Woodburn  blood,  contributed  to  the  upbuild- 
ing of  the  "  boom."    Edwin  Bedford  had  bought 
2d  Duke  of  Geneva  5562,  and  during  his  brief 
career  that  bull  made  a  distinct  ''hit,"  as  stated 
on  page  305.    Mr.  Bedford  then  got  the  5th 
Duke  at:  $3,000.    Col.  King  of  Minnesota  se- 
cured the  6th  at  the  same  price.    In  1869  Mr 
Alexander  took  the  10th  Duke  of  Thorndale 
(2S458)  from  Sheldon  at  $5,500.    A.  W  Gris- 
wold  of  Vermont  had  given  $3,000  for  the  14th 
Duke  of  Thorndale  (28459)  as  a  calf,  and  in  1869 
George  M.  Bedford  purchased  him  at  $6  000 
The  8th  and  9th  Dukes  of  Geneva  had  gone  at 
mm  each,  and  Cochrane  had  the  11th. 

The  Bates  tribes  were  now  (1870)  firmly  held 
by  powerful  interests  on  both  sides  the  Atlan- 
tic.   Walcott  &  Campbell,  after  their  prelimi- 
iiary  flirtation  with  the  Booths,  had  gone  into 
he  Duchess  speculation,*  and  this  gave  the 
luiklevington  sorts    a    prestige  that  needed 
only  the  great  sale  at  New  York  Mills  to  fairlv 
stampede  America  to  the  Bates  colors     Mean 
tune  the  West  was  aroused  to  action  by  the  an- 
nouncement of  a  dispersion  sale  of  the  entire 
h_enl  ot  Mr.  McMillan  of  Ohio,  and  as  this  was 


402 


HISTORY  OF  SHORT-HORN  CATTLE. 


ii 


the  opening  gun  in  a  most  extraordinary  era 
of  auction  sales  in  America  the  event  will  be 
noticed  in  detail. 

The  McMillan  sale.— Mr.  Daniel  McMillan 
of  Oakland  Farm,   Xenia,   0.,  had  for  many 
years   been    breeding    8hort-horns    descended 
from  the  Ohio   and    Kentucky  importations 
He  had  been  a  frequent  exhibitor  at  the  lead- 
ing fairs  of  the  West,  and  the  herd  was  one  of 
the  best  known  in  the  United  States.    Indeed 
Mr.  McMillan  was  the  first  breeder  north  of 
the  Ohio  River  to  cross  swords  with  the  Ken- 
tuckians  in  their  own  show-yards.     This  event 
occurred  in  18()9.    The  herd  was  at  that  time 
headed   by  Plantagenet   6031,  but  Mr.   War- 
field's  Muscatocn  defeated  this  bull  in  the  class 
showing.    In  the  herd  competition,  however 
the  McMillan   cattle    prevailed.  ='=    The   great 

'The   best  of  the  McMillan  show  herds   had  been   fitted  bv  T.n,.- 
Lyall,  a  Scotchman,  Who  had  come  to  America  m  1^6  as  anlssistanUn 
connection  with  the  ill-fated  shipment  of  Short-horns  made  th^t^ 
New  Orleans  by  Alex.  Barrett  of  Henderson.  Ky     Se  shCexp^  ienL":': 
tempestuous  passage,  bein^  nearly  six  weeks  at  sea,  and  alfof  the  s,  ort 
horns  but  two  were  lost,  included  among  those  tha    perished  beint  Jh 
famous  Douglas  show  cow  Queen  of  Trumps,  by  Belleville  (6778),  for  wlucb 
600  guineas  had  been  paid.  '■"•'oj,  jui  wmcD 

Lyairs  father  was  at  this  time  herdsman  in  the  old  country  for  Douglas 
of  Athelstaneford.  so  that  the  young  man  had  been  reared  tftheattle 

Se  Zw  bun  GeTXT"'  ""T"''  '"'''  '''''''  '^'^^  *°  McMill^^Un  i  a 
int  Show  bull  Gen.  Grant  was  then  a  yearling.  Mr.  Lyall  fitted  the  show 
herds  for  their  most  successful  campaigns,  as  well  as  for  thi«  clol^It 
sale  after  which  he  was  identified  with  the  noted  herds  of  George  Murray 
Of  Racine.  Col.  William  S.  King  and  others.  ^^  ^  ige  wurray 

Unfortunately  the  show  bull  Plantagenet  and  the  great  cow  Louan  13th 
had  been  lost  shortly  before  the  sale.    Plantagenet  Vas.rve™  1 
bull  Of  imposing  presence,  a  bull  of  more  substance  than  Gen.  Grant  al 
though  a  bit  rough  at  the  taii-head.  and  not  so  good  in  his  ouarters 


THE   BIRTH   OF   A    "boOM."  403 

prices   that  were    now  current    in    England 
and  the  East  stimulated  the  rapidly-rising  in- 
terest m  Short-horns  throughout  the  entire 
Union,  and  it  was  indeed  an  historic  gathering 
that  assembled  at  Oakland  on  the  morning  of 
the  8th  of  June,  1870.    Practically  all  of  the 
leading  breeders  and  exhibitors,  not  only  of 
the  East  but  of  the  West,  were  present     The 
cattle  were  tied  in  line  along  a  fence  for  exam- 
ination, and  here  for  the  first  time  the  Short- 
lioni  breeding  fraternity  of  America  may  be 
said  to  have  actually  assembled,  all   former 
auctions  having  been  more  or  less  local  in  ^'-^ir 
character.     The  sale  was  held  in  a  grove    .nd 
no  seats  were  provided  for  the  compar         Phis 
did  not  detract,  however,  from  the  complete 
success  of  the  occasion,  as  the   bidding  was 
active  and  spirited  from  start  to  finish 

Following  is  the  list  of  females  sold  fJr  $500 
or  over: 

Mignonette,*  red  show  cow ;  sired  by  Gen.  Grant  out  of  his 

own  dam,  Jessie-C.  C.  &  R.  H.  Parks,  Waukegan  lU    «3  soft 

4th  Louan  of   Oakland,  yearling   heifer    by  2d  Sake  of     ' 
Geneva  5562~J.  C.  Jenkins,  Petersburg,  Ky  3  r^, 

Louan  21st,  +  eight-year-old  show  cow,  bred  by  Je;e  Duncan  '• 

__^red  by  Duke  of  Airdrie  2r43-Geo.  Murra^y ,  RacSe^Wis:  3,600 

vo.^;nrsr;teil>^ll^.t^"^^^^   '^^'^^^^--^^^  ^-^-  «^-  was  a 


m 


404   A  HISTORY  OF  SHORT-HORN  CATTLK. 

Wenona,  red  show  cow,  tracing  to  imp.  Louisa;  sired  by 

Gen.  Grant-W.  J.  Neely,  Ottawa,  111 ^(^ 

Forest  Queen,  red  two-year-old;   by  Plantagenet-George 

Murray ^^^ 

Louan  35th,  red  sbov7  cow;  by  Duke  of  Airdrie  3743— E,  G.     ' 

Bedford,  Kentucky '     '  ^  625 

Highland  Lady,  roan  cow,  bred  by  J.  M.  Hill,  Illinois ;  sired     ' 

by  imp.  King  Alfred  (3053).  dam  White  Lady,  bought  by 

Mr.  McMillan  at  the  Hill  sale  already  mentioned— J.  H 

Spears,  Tallula,  111 '     "  3  ^^g 

6th  Lonan  of  Oakland,*  red  show  heifer;  by  Plantagenet-    ' 

George  Murray ^  ^ 

Louan  23d,  roan  show  cow;  by  Lord  Derby—A.  J  Dunlap     ' 

Galesburg,  111 ^'  ^^^ 

Louan  39th,  red  cow :  by  Duke  of  Airdrie  2r43-^T.  J.  Megib^    '' 

ben,  Cynthiana,  Ky j  gg„ 

Linda  Belle  3d,  red  show  heifer;   by  Plantagenet^    H      ' 

Spears ;  ^  ^^^ 

6th  Duchess  of  Oakland,  red-and-white  three-year-old;  by    ' 

Plantagenet-George  Gregg,  Beech viue.  Can '.  /    1  500 

7th  Duchess  of  Oakland,  red  two-year-old ;  by  Plantagenet    ' 

-James  Fullington,  Union  Co.,  O j  4qq 

Flora  Belle  3d,  roan  yearling- J.  H.  Spears ....     I'ggK 

Magenta,  red  heifer  calf ;  by  Plantagenet,  dam  Clinton  Lady    ' 

—J.  H.  Spears ^  ^^^ 

Oxford  Duchess,  red  cow-W.  M.  Baines,  Jvietamora,' Ind  " '  i'o75 
Fannie  Hunt,  red  three-year-old ;  dam  Anna  Hunt  of  Mr     ' 

Warfleld's  breeding— A.  J.  Dunlap im 

Myrtle,  roan  twelve-year-old  cow ;  by  imp.  Starlight  a2l46)     '  " 

—James  Fullhigton '  1  no- 

Anna  Clark,  red-and-white  cow,  bred  by  C.  M.Clarli-^Ma^    ' 

ton  Briggs,  Newton.  lii g^„ 

Eudora  2d,  red  heifer;   by  Pldntagen'et-B."H.' Campbell' 
Batavia,  111 ' 

Clinton  Lady,  red  nine-year-old  cow-Jesse  Hag'ler,  Fayette 
Co.,  O 

Louan  of  Oakland,  red  cow— Milton  Briggs. ....  ..*.*.*..'.. .'','"     glJo 

«,hn  ^r"'  "^^^  ^"'^  *'*'^''  consulted  by  Mr.  Murray  as  to  what  to  buy,  and 

take  the  4th  Louan  matead  of  the  Gth,  as  the  former  was  a  good  on,.  ;uid 
Louan  (ith  was  slack  in  hor  loin  and  never  could  make  a  cow.  Tbis  vke 
rZr'T:  Z""^  T  'T'^-''"'-    "  1>^«  I'^sn  generally  believed  that  Mr.  my> 

i?n..r  H^'.^"^  .  T"'''  ''°*'^  ^"^  '^^"^^'^  privately,  before  the  sale,  and  had 
it  passfd  through  the  ring. 


I 


THE    BIRTH    OF    A    ''BOOM."  405 

Loiian  13th,  red  eleven-year-old  cow-R.  G.  Dun,  London,  O.  $800 

Rosa  Bonheur,  red-roan  three-year-old-James  Fullington  75^ 

Emma  2d,  red  cow-B.  H.  Campbell ...  Sn 

Anna  Eg^leston,  red  cow-Thomas  Kirk,  Fayette  Co " '  O  "  "  7?n 

10th  Belle  Republic,  red  cow-Milton  Briggs          ^°-'  ^ " " "  •  J^ 

141st  Belle  Republic,  red  cow-Milton  Briggs ion 

3d  Louan  of  Oakland,  roan  two-year-old-J.  W.'  ■Arin^t;,;;^, 
Deer  Park,  111 ^' 

Honey  Bud,  roan  two-year^*ld-B.  H.* Campbeli finn 

Oxford  Queen,  heifer  calf;   by  Plantagenet-J. '  w"  Arm- 
strong   

Vain  Lady,  red  two-year^ld ;"  by  Gfen!  Grant-BVii.'  Camp*-     ^^ 

Minna  Watson,  roan  heifer  calf-H.'  B.'  Sherman;  Toledo;  O.'  525 

May  Day,  red-and-white  cow-B.  H.  Campbell . .  525 
Bride  of  Greenwood,  red-and-white,  bred  by  David  Selsor- 

George  Gregg,  Canada g2h 

Emma  Palmer,  red-and-white   cow,  twelve  "years  old-"  "bv 

imp.  Warrior  (13287) -Thomas  Kirk,  Fayette  Co    O  500 

Eudora,  roan  cow-Charies  Hook,  Xenia,  O  " "  500 

Oneota,  cow ;  by  Duke  of  Airdrie  3743-Jesse  Hagler 500 

4th  Belle  Republic,  roan  cow— Milton  Briggs ',',[][[  qqq 

Of  the  bulls  Royal  Oakland,  a  red  two-year- 
old  by  Plantageriet  out  of  Mi-nonette,  brought 
the  highest  price,  $1,300.  from  James  Fulling- 
ton.    This  bull  had  been  winner  of  first  prize 
at  the  Ohio  State  Fair  of  1868,  and  stood  at  the 
head  of  the  breeders'  herd  at  the  same  show  in 
1869.    He  was  resold  the  next  day  for  |2,000. 
The  rest  of  the  bulls  ranged  in  price  from'  $75 
for  old  Oxford  Lad  up  to  $825  for  Royal  Lad— 
a  yearling  by  Plantagenet.    The  entire  herd 
brought  $68,980.  an  average  of  $864.60.    Twen- 
ty-four heal  weiit  to  Illinois  at  ,:23,625,  twen- 
ty-five head  h-  Ohio  at  $18,265,  six  head  to  Iowa 
at  14,350,  six  head  to  Kentuclcy  at  $11,090  and 
three  to  Wisconsin  at  $8,400, 


m 


M 


406 


A    HISTORY    OP    SHORT-HORN    CATTLE. 


Col.  William  S.  King.— One  of  the  most  in- 
terested spectators  at  the  McMillan  sale  was 
Col.  William  S.  King  of  Minneapolis,  Minn 
who  was  ono  of  the  first  to  introduce  Short- 
horns into  thp  Northwest  and  whose  lavish  in- 
vestments in  show  and  breeding  stock  contrih- 
uted  so  largely  to  the  development  of  a  taste 
for  Short-horn  breeding  in  the  Western  States. 
The  controlling  motive  in  the  establishment  of 
his  Lyndale  Herd  was  the  improvement  of  the 
cattle  stocks  of  the  Northwest.    Short-horns 
were  but  little  known  in  Minnesota  even  while 
Brown,  Pickrell,  Duncan,  McMillan,  Spears  and 
their  contemporaries  were  fighting  their  earlier 
show-yard  battles  in  Illinois.     Col.  King  was 
himself  without  special  knowledge  of  them  at 
that  time,  and  indeed  began  his  work  by  an 
unavailing  effort  to  introduce  Ayrshires  among 
the  farmers  of  the  Northwest.    Reared  in  the 
stock-growing  and  dairy  region   of  Northern 
Central  New  York  his  thoughts  naturally  re- 
verted first  to  the  herds  of  the  Empi:;e  State 
and  he  has  given  us  an  amusing  account  of 
how  his  attention  became  first  diverted  from 
the  Ayrshires  to  the  Short-horns  and  as  to  how 
his  first  purchase  was  received  upon  arrival  at 
St.  Paul  in  1867.     Tn  the  autumn  of  that  year 
he  visited  the  J.  0.  Sheldon  herd  at  Geneva, 
N.  Y.,  and  was  captivated  by  it.    One  of  the 
Duchesses  had  just  dropped  a  bull  calf    tlie 


THE    BIRTH   OF   A 


"boom." 


407 


5tli  Duke  of  Geneva— which  he  contracted  for 
at  $8,000;  but  before  the  youngster  was 
shipped  Sheldon  arranged  for  an  exchange  of 
the  5th  Duke  to  Edwin  G.  Bedford  of  Ken- 
tucky for  the  Oth  Duke  of  Geneva.*  In  1869 
(Jol.  King  added  by  purchase  from  the  Sheldon 
herd  a  Bloom,  two  Gwynnes,  a  Mazurka,  and 
several  other  females,  including  Constance  6th, 

'••I  took  occasion  on  one  of  my  freqnent  trips  east  to  visit  thp  w„«, 
YorU  Mills  Herd  Of  Ayrshlres,  which  was  then  re'put  fto  bo   lelett  o^ 
h.  und  in  the  Unitea  States.    It  was  on  that  occasion  that  I  first  met  both 
Mr.  Campbell  and  Richard  Gibson  and  formed  an  acquaintance  wlti?the  la 
VT  wh  0  bled  to  many  later  business  transactions  between  us  an"  a  f  Hem, 
Hhip  Which  Still  exists  an.l  has  been  to  me  a  source  of  much  plealre    T »' 
to  a,v  story.    Tellln.  Mr.  Campbell  the  purpose  of  my  v"si    th"o  d  Jentle 
man  left  his  business  oflBce  and  walked  witl>  me  to  the  barn,  where  ca     1 
or  Gibson,  he  order<.d  out  for  review  his  Scottish  pets,  Zch'GSson 
"T  to  assemble  from  the  various  small  lots  adjoining  tie  barns  anS 
.varas.    While  standing  on  the  platform  of  the  barn  lookinV  at  the  Ayr 
lures  there  was  a  great  crash  near  by,  and  looking,  in  that  dfrectlon  i  taw 
.voun.  Short-horn  bull  about  eighteen  months  old  which  had  dashed 
tl.rou.^h  a  partly  opened  ^ate  to  an  adjoining  yard  and  with  head  anJ  S 

i  to  MI .  Cin.pbell.    'Oil,  that's  one  of  Gibson's  things  p  Shm-t  h^^r,  i>  .  t 
don;t  think  much  of  them,' was  the  reply.    But  1  fH;;d  who  t ""ic^^^^^^^^ 
pau.od  me  to  Inspect  the  herd  turned  to  me  and  said-     'Colone    «J  .  ? 
UiMU  of  stock  you  want  for  the  West.    Your  W.ateru  peop°l  wS  T,Jt 
«attstied  With  these  Ayrshire  cattle.'    Mr.  Can.r.bell.'^s  eHde     ,    „euie1 

i;  b 'i;'!""/;  '"'  T''""'-  ''^''^"  *"  •^^'°'^^"  '■'  ''fewest  do  "tkiowwS 
s  bes    for  them.'    Truth  compels  me  to  say  that  I  was  a  little  netuld  mt 

sf'lf.  It  was  Ayrshires  that  I  'went  out  to  see  ';  Ayrshires  th  it  T  v.r,  f,  ,f 
e.UJed  were  to  be  my  instruments  in  the  work  ol'sto'^nd  d  Jr^  refS 

^^=^:^:^^^^-^-^^^ 

PMC,,  me  that  young  bull  for?  •    ' Oh.  if  you  want  him  yo..  may  ha  eTln.  for 

SiZV  '^r'^^-    ''^"^'  ^"  ^"'"^*''^"''  ^l-^'^  "P  Gibson  . Sicily    Mr 
Sheldon  would  never  sell  such  a  bull  as  that  for  a  cent  l.'ss  tlrin  S4m      .T 

::im"'Shim  "^'7'^^":  '"  ^^-^^"---^^^  ..rJor  ni;  h"  1  have 
im.      Take  him,  said  my  iTicEd  decidedly;  •  he  will  be  wortn  mom  tn  ,7 

;"  ""  *'"'  ^':^''''  «»  "'*«  '-•-•     I  'ool^  'he  bult,  and  w   'h  Mm  two'o 
tUiee  youn,^  heiiers  of  the  same  strai.i  of  blood,  all,  I  think,  by  Wee^^wkei; 


^1l| 


ci'^ifi 


408 


A    HISTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


Which  hitter  proved  to  be  the  most  profitable 
cow  ever  owned  at   Lyndale.     Such  was  the 
foundation.     Tbeso  Shohlon  cattle  were  shown 
at  the  Minnesota  State  Fair  of  18G9  and  at- 
tracted  much  favoiuble  notice  although  not  in 
high  condition.    Meantime  the  proprietor  had 
been  a  visitor  at  some  of  the  important  shows 
elsewhere,  and  realizing  that  his  stock  could 
not  hope  to  cope  successfully  with  the  m-e'ii 
show  herds  of  Illinois,  Ohio  and  Kentucky  he 
determined  to  bring  all  the  resources  of  large 

from  dams  of  the  Rosamond,  or  Mason  blood     And  th„«  u 
horn  purchaser.    Whether  Gibson  put  „p  a  job'to  hate       u  S  T  ^"""'^ 
appear  on  the  stage  at  that  u-ivt\n,un.  ^  l.^        th.it  Short-horn  bull 

but  that  his  appean^n^:  Tl^ZX^Z^  "doTn  Jhr"  '°  T'^''' 
course  as  a  breeder  la  a  solid  f-ict  shaping:  my  future 

levee  lounge;s;',orrewatchinJ^o;-trs'^''  ^"""'^  '*^^  ''°^^'  «' 
tail,  lank,  uneouth-lookln^'C  who  eyed  Z  TulZ'''  ?,'"^  °"  "''«  °- 
app.arent  curiosity,  and  finally  addressi;  ™  L  k  ?  ^^''^^^''^^  ^"^  ^reat 
What  do  you  call  them  rreLmers  thereof  "^  vn'  r"\  '''''''  ""''''''' 
Short  reply.  '  Youu.  wharf  rats  he  Sfned  Id  adde^,"'^ ^  '  ""f  ''" 
.vou'll  have  to  look  out  or  them  little  critters  till  crawU  Irou^h  Ih;  'l"" 
of  your  barn  floor  and  you'll  lose  -em.'   Too  indlJant  to  r  ,  i  "^ 

insult  put  upon  my  beautiful  youns-  XvrlhVTi^  l  '^^  '°  ^'"^  ^''''^^ 
low  just  as  the  yo^mg  ShL  t  n  bLtwl  S  '  .Toff  '77  '^'"^  ""  '''■ 
tormentor,  espying  him,  broke  ox'ragan:  's-^Mfster' t>°''' ""'''"  "^ 
critter  something  like  wh.-it  a  critter  should  hi  t  ^  !k  ^'^  ''"""'^  "" 
'  Wh;it  kind  of  a  critter  do  you  eSl  th-u     «n  '^''''  ^^'"^  '"^■«''"-' 

'Why,'  said  this  expert'- ,Se'  ^f  1  ^  tocl""l,"^sl"S.v^^*"'^"'"''• 
htuulreds  of  them  cattle  down  In  Maine  fore  I  ever  came  West"     an   "T^l 

being  a  Devon  a.  you  do  t^  bS::;" ^^^^^l.^^  ^JS^ 'X^^.;;:^ 

Whether  It  was  his  ^n.:^:;^!^:':^^^^: :;:^^^^^  ->•  or 
thus  characterizing  his  pedigree   hnt  fl^mi       I     „  J.        '^       manners  ni 


I 


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1   1 

THE  BIR'-H  OP  A    "bOOM." 


409 

imms  to  bear  npon  fh  acquisition  of  animals 
of  such  chara.  a  vv(»uld  enable  him  to 
break  a  lance  witli  tlie  leading  showmen  of 
the  day.  He  had  heard  of  Baron  Booth  of 
Lanraste.  and  of  Rosedalo,  and  following  Mr 
Pickrell's  example  visited  Mr.  Cochrane's. 

The  Lyndale  show  herd.— At  Hillhurst  he 
saw  and  bought  the  great  Rosodale,  imp.  Queen 
of  Diamonds  and        id  of  Atim,  of  William 
Miller's  breeding.     This  was  a  grnnd  founda- 
tion for  a  show  herd,  but  no  bull  or  the  requi- 
site character  could  f)e  found,  and  a  twoyear- 
old  heifer  and  yearling  wei-  also  needed.    The 
Colonel's  ambition  was  now  thoroughly  aroused, 
and  with  characteristic  enterprise  and  liberal- 
ity lie  gave  Mr.  Cochrane  and  Simon  Beattie 
carfe  blanche  to  select  and  bring  out  from  Great 
Britain  the  best  animals  money  could  buy  in 
the  United  Kingdom  to  fill  out  the  herd.   About 
this  same  time  Mr.  John  Gibson  (brother  to 
Richard,  then  at  New  York  Mills)  was  engaged 
to  take  general  charge  of  the  Lyndale  Herd. 
Thp  McMillan  dispersion  occurred  while  Col* 
King's  agents  were  looking  for  show  cattle 
abroad.    This  was  the  first  auction  sale  of  cat- 
tle he  had  ever  attended,  and  like  all  others 
who  were  present  upon  that  occasion  he  was 
fairly  carried  away  by  the  excitement  and  en- 
thusiasm of  the  day.    It  was  here  that  he  met 
Lyail,  McMillan's  herdsman,  and  engaged  him 


■  ■  '  ■ 


IMAGE  EVALUATION 
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23  WEST  MAtN  STREET 

WEBSTER,  N.Y.  14580 

(716)  872-4303 


A*^* 


410        A  miTOBY  OF  SHOBT-HOBN  CATTLE. 

to  undeitake  the  detailed  training  of  the  show 
herd  then  in  progress  of  formation 

Beattie  arrived  Aug.  2,  1870,  with  the  im- 
ported cattle.    He  had  brought  out  forty  heaci 
altogether,  including  the  bulls  Scotsman  109M 
and  0  d  Sam  10551,  both  two  years  old,  and  a 
pair  ot  roan  two-year-old  show  heifers-Booth's 
Lancaster  and  Countess  of  Yarborough-for 
Col.  Kings  examination.    The  bulls  were  both 
good ;  in  tact  so  evenly  balanced  that  it  seemed 
impossible  to  make  choice  between  them     At 
ter  extended  deliberation,  however,  in  which 
Messrs.  Beattie,  Cochrane,  King  and  Gibson  all 
participated,  tliey  decided  to  make  their  stand 
with  Scoteman.    He  was  a  roan,  bred  by  the 

^27Sol«  f!^''?'^'™''  •'yBoyal  Errant 

22.80  (the  sire  ot  the  dam  of  the  afterward  cele- 
brated imp.  Duke  of  Richmond)  out  ot  Comet 
by  Lord  Stanley  (18275).     Even  more  difficuitv 
was  experienced  in  trying  to  choose  between 
the  tvvo  heifers.    They  were  both  grand  thick- 
fleshed    specimens   and   in    beautiful    bloom 
uooths  Lancaster  was  a  great  "chunk"— full 
sister  in  blood  to  Baron  Booth  of  Lancastei- 
beuig  by  same  sire  out  of  one  of  the  celebrated 
triplet  daughters  of  Lord  Kaglan  from  the  cow 
Lancaster  25th,  bred  by  Mr.  Cruickshank.   The 
Countess  was  bred   by  Dudding  from  Baron 
Rosedale  (21239),  a  bull  out  of  thedam  of  Ros™ 
uale.     i  he  Lyndale  people  were  afraid  that  if 


THE    BIRTH    OF    A    "bOOM." 


411 

they  left  either  of  these  at  Hillhurst  there 
would  be  grave  danger  of  meeting  the  other 
later  on  in  hostile  hands  at  the  Western  shows. 
There  was  but  one  safe  thing  to  do ;  buy  them 
I)otl].    No  yearling  had  been  bought,  but  hear- 
ing of  Rosedale's  last  calf,  Rosedale  Duchess, 
her  purchase  was  decided  upon  without  the 
formality  of  an  examination ;  the  price  being 
15.500.    She  proved  a  disappointment.    In  Col. 
King's    expressive    language,   "  richly    worth 
about  5  per  cent  of  the  price  paid." 

En  route  to  Minnesota  Scotsman  developed  a 
case  of  foot-and-mouth  disease,  which  necessi- 
tated his  being  quarantined  at  Lyndale,  and  in 
spite  of  the  most  careful  treatment  he  was  in 
no  condition  to  head  the  herd  as  the  fall  shows 
drew  near.    The  Illinois  State  Fair  was  being 
held  the  week  before  "the  Great  St.  Louis' 
Sliow,  which  was  in  those  days  the  "Royal"  of 
America,   and  after  loading    the  cattle  (and 
some  imported   Ootswold  sheep)  on  board   a 
river  steamer  at  St.  Paul  for  St.  Louis  Gibson 
was  started  post  haste  for  Decatur,  with  in- 
structions to  buy  a  show  bull,  if  there  was  one 
on  tiie  Illinois  State  Fair  Grounds,  at  any  cost 
On  Saturday  before  the  opening  the  Lyndale 
ca  tie  were  in  their  stalls  at  St.  Louis,  minus  a 
')u]l,  but  that  same  day  Gibson  wired  that  he 
was  starting  with  Scotsman's  ocean  companion 
Uicl  bam.    Mr.  Cochrane  had  not  sold  the  bull 


Sf 

11:..; 

1  ^^H^^He'' 

'  i  ■ 

i^ 

j 

m 

412 


A    JIISTORY   OK   8II0RT-n0RN   CATTLE. 


1  k 


during'  tfie  summer,  and  liad  shipped  him  out 
to  the  Illinois  States  Fjiir  in  tlie  expectation  of 
Hndin^-  a  i)mrhiis(»r.    Jjimes  N.  lirown's  Sons 
had   Tycoon  7:\l]\)  at  Decatur  tiiat  ycnir  as  a 
three-year-old,  and  Mr.  (Jihson  oflVred  |2,50() 
for   him   without  elTecting   his   purchase.    As 
this  was  one  of  the  most  noted  of  the  home- 
bred s]u)vv  hulls  of  that  time  a  brief  statement 
concerning:  him  will  be  of  interest  at  this  point. 
Tycoon  7339.— This  noted  roan  m  ust  be  cred- 
ited ])rimarily  to  ICcMitucky,  as  he  was  sired  by 
Mr.  Warfield's  famous  Muscatocm  7057  out  of 
Nannie  by  I)(M-by  A(\HS\  he  ji  son  of  Renick  J)0:]; 
second  dam  Maria,  Hunt  by  imp.  Young  Chilton,' 
tracing  in  the  nuiternal  line  to  imp.  Illustrious 
by  Kmperor  (1974).     Tie  was  drop])ed  on  Capt. 
James  N.  Brown's  farm  in  Sangamon  County 
March  27,  1807.     While  his  sire  and  dain  were 
both  bred  at  (^rasmero  the  credit  for  his  devel- 
opment into  one  of  the  uu)st  noted  show  bulls 
of  his  day  rests  with  t^apt.  13rown  and  his  sons. 
wlio  had  by  this  time  become  associated  with 
their  father  in  the  nninagement  of  the  herd  at 
G  rove  Park.*    A t  tliree  yeai-s  of  age  ht^  attained 
a  weight  of  2.3()0  lbs.     His  head  was  neat,  horns 
slightly  drooping,  and  of  nmsculine  character. 
He  was  well  filled  behind  the  shoulders,  good 
at  the  chine;  level  in  his  top  and  bottom  lines: 

•Capt.  Jamea  N.  Brown  Mod  Nov.  iti,  ISCS.    His  sons  still  carr/on  the 
farm,  aUliough  UoIhk  Uttlo  now  in  pedUrroeii  cattlo. 


v-f 


THE  BIRTH  OP  A   "boOM." 


413 

sciuiire  a„.l  woll  li„isl,e,l  about  the  rumps,  with 
hiKhs  ,.i.r,o,  well  down  to  straight  and  well- 
hllod  legs.  Mo  was  rated  by  good  jiuL^es  as 
«-;  of  the  best  bulls  of  his  tiufe  in  t'he  wU 
-;l  1-  vctones  in  the  show-yard  at  the  111 ! 
"'""  ^^  '^  «  .J--^"-.  "^t  St.  Louis  an,l  other  lead- 
ing  exhibitions  gained  for  him  much  reputa- 

many  of  his  heifers  were  fitted  for  show  with 
Kivat  success     rroniiiient  among  his  get  may 
be  moHtioned  the  $1,000  „v.ow  heifer  Maud 
uller.  Illustrious  5th  and  the  famous  Young 
Marys    Grace  Voungs  4th,  5th  and  6th     He 
was  sold  at  auction  in  1S71  to  Mr.  S.  C.  Duncan 
ot  Missouri  and  died  in  1873.    His  sister,  Illus- 
ions 3d,  was  ahso  a  great  winner  in  th;  he"^ 
ot  Messrs.  Urowii. 

King's    victory  at  St.  Louis.-When    the 

groat  St.  Louis  show  of  1870  opened  its  gates 

1.  San,  was  found  at  the  head  of  the  Lyfdale 

I         /  .  T  ""  ''^'^'  '^•■«''  ^y  K-  H.  Crabb  of 
,'''■''•'''"■''•  Essex,  Eng.,  and  was  got  by  the 

to  ;  i™,  ""'■'"",  ^""'^  *"'"  I^"'-  ot  Gmf! 
1  iU  i  -'"'i  <'*.''^P"'-t«'I  n»ke  of  Geneva 
IJf  U).  and  similar  m  his  breeding  to  the  cele 

K  u'-Tr'  ^"';f "'  ^-^f"'-"  (^sWir'o" 

„  A  ^^t"'"''''^^  Sreat  English-bred  prize 
cow  Queen  Mary.  Old  Sam '.s  dam  vvas  tl^e 
mixed-bred    cow    Roma,    by    Baron   Zwell 


itn 


414 


A    HISTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


(21240).  He  gained  first  prize  in  th:j  aged  bull 
class  over  Baron  Booth  of  Lancaster,  but  the 
latter  was  awarded  by  another  committee  the 
male  championship  of  the  class.  Rosedale*  was 
an  easy  winner  among  the  aged  cows;  Queen 
of  Diamonds  carried  the  three-year-old  ribbon, 
Booth's  Lancaster  the  first  for  two-year-old 
heifer  and  Countess  of  Yarborough  second.  In 
yearlings  the  $5,500  Rosedale's  Duchess  was  not 
noticed,  but  in  heifer  calves  the  sweet-faced, 
heavy-coated  Constance  of  Lyndale,  by  5th  Duke 
of  Geneva,  headed  the  list.f  The  herd  prize  fell 
to  Lyndale  after  one  of  the  most  exciting  con- 
tests ever  known  in  American  show-yards 
Illinois,  Missouri  and  Kentucky  were  defeated, 
but  Great  Britain  and  Canada  had  been  ran- 

♦Jolm  Gibson  describes  Bosedale  as  follows:  "Bosedale  was  one  of 
the  best  cows  I  ever  saw.  She  was  laid  out  on  a  much  larger  scale  than 
the  cows  now  shown.  She  had  an  extraordinary  front  that  was  well  car- 
ried back  to  her  hips,  she  was  long,  wide  and  deep,  with  great  thickness 
of  flesh,  evenly  laid.  She  was  just  a  little  plain  from  her  hips  back  which 
was  about  her  only  fault.  With  all  her  size  and  wealth  o  ^  flesh  she  liad  no 
coarseness  or  roughness,  showing  a  fine  feminine  '  d.  well  carrioU 
Queen  of  Diamonds  tied  her  for  sweepstakes  at  St.  Lou.s,  but  the  old  cow 
rightly  got  It.  One  of  the  best  things  we  showed  at  St.  Louis  in  18T0  was  the 
Constance  heifer.  One  gentleman  who  saw  her  before  the  show  remarked 
what  a  good  one  she  was  and  said:  'You  have  trained  wrong;  kept  too 
much  hair  on.  That  is  all  right  for  the  Royal,  but  will  not  do  for  the 
States.  I  replied  that  I  never  saw  a  Short-horu  with  too  much  hair  of  the 
rlgh  quality,  and  the  St.  Louis  judges  seemed  to  think  the  same  " 

+  Constance  was  shown  here  in  the  wrong  class,  as  was  afterward 
acknowledged.  There  was  always  considerable  contention  between 
Edwin  Bedford  and  George  Bedford.  Mr.  Edwin  Bedford  had  bought  the 
6th  Duke  of  Geneva,  and  when  this  heifer  made  the  rounds,  really  u  year- 
ling and  shown  as  a  calf,  she  was  awarded  great  honors  and,  of  courHc. 
Edwin  was  very  proud  of  her.  Mr.  George  Bedford  said  he  need  not  be, 
because  she  could  not  be  a  daughter  of  5th  Duke  of  Geneva,  as  she  was  too 
young.  Then,  of  course.  Col.  King  either  had  to  deny  her  sire  or  ackuowl- 
edge-as,  upon  investigation,  he  subsequently  dld-that  she  was  shown  in 
the  wrong  ring, 


THE    BIRTH   OF    A    ''boOM." 


415 


to   do   the 


sacked  with  a  blank  check-book 
trick. 

History  tells  of  the  "Field  of  the  Cloth  of 
(Told,    where  the  kings  of  France  and  England 
met  in  the  midst  of  such  luxurious  surround- 
nigs  as  to  make  the  conference  memorable 
manily  for  its  extravagant  splendor.     The  tent 
which    flew  the    flag  of    Lyndale  and    from 
whence  Col.  King  dispensed  hospitality  to  the 
fraternity  of  Short-horn  breeders  at  this  show 
was  not  carpeted   with  gold  exactly,  but  it 
lacked   httle  that  money  could  supply  that 
would  minister  to  the  tastes  or  appetites  of  the 
most  fastidious  among  the  congenial  spirits 
congregated  to  do  honor  to  that  princely  enter- 
tamer  upon  this  gala  occasion.     It  was  a  fa- 
mous victory ;  a  magnificent  herd  and  a  royal 
celebration ;   an  event  which  will  be  recalled 
as  long  as  show-yard  battles  retain  their  inter- 
est as  probably  the  most  remarkable  event  in 
some  of  Its  features  at  least,  in  the  annals'  of 
cattle  competitions  in  America. 

W.  R  Duncan's  sale.-The*  McMillan  sale 
It  is  needless  to  say,  gave  a  great  impetus  to 
^hort-horn  breeding  in  the  West,  and  trade  at 
once  grew  active,  both  at  public  sale  and  pri- 
vate ti'^aty,   at  high  prices.    At   an  auction 

2^  ^70  Yu   ^\  ^""'^"  ^*  ^^«^^^^^^^'  I""  Aug 
^4,  1870,  the  show  bull  Minister  6363  was  sold 

to  Andrew  Wilson  of  Topeka,  Kan.,  at  $1,760 


il 


ip 


416 


A    HISTORY   OF   SHORT-lfORN    CATTLE. 


Oxford  Wiley  8753  fetched  $705  and  several 
other  bulls  brought  from  $400  to  $500  each 
The  seven-year-old  Young  Mary  cow  Red  Hose 
Sd,  a  red-roan  of  Ben  F.  Van  Meter's  breeding 
went  to  George  Otley  of  Neponset,  111,  at 
$1,500.  The  red  cow  Gem  3d,  also  of  Van 
Meter's  breeding,  fetched  $1,150,  going  to  FA 
lies,  Springfield,  111.  The  cow  Oxford  Belle 
bred  at  Woodburn,   made    $1,000   to  Robert 

m  Aa"'  "'  °""" ''''' ""''  ^'  '■-"■ 

The  beginning    of   live-stock  journalism 

-It  may  be  of  interest  at  this  point  to  note 
that  from  the  month  of  May,   1S69.  may  bo 
dated  the  beginning  of  live-stock  jouinalisni 
as  a  special  feature  of  agricultural  newspai.er 
work.     Upon    that    date    Mr.   J.   IT.   Sanders 
founder  of  the   Breeder's   Gazette,   began   the 
publication   of  a  sixteen-page  monthlv  called 
the  Western ^  Stock  Journal,  issued  at  Sigonrney, 
la.,  the  initial  number  presenting  a  portrait  of 
Mr.  McMillan's    celebrated    Louan   21st.    Mj- 
Sanders  was  at  that  time  interested  in  stock- 
breeding  himself,  and  feeling  the  need  person- 
ally of  information  bearing  upon  the  business 
took  advantage  of  bis  ownership  of  a  small 
country  printing-office  to   undertake    on    his 
own  account  the  first  venture  of  this  kind  of 
which  wo  have  record.     The  publication  ac- 
quired immediate  popularity  and  its  success 


TTTK    Hlirril    OF    A 


BOOM 


J' 


417 


Httracted  the  attention  of  Mr.  George  W.  Rust, 
iit  that  date  engaged  in  newspaper  work  upon 
the  Chicago  Times,  who  in  connection  with  tlie 
Hon.  John  P.  Reynolds  established  at  Chicago 
111  Sbpteraber,  1871,  a  more  pretentious  maga- 
zmo,  which  was  christened  the  Natiomt  Lice- 
Htork  Journal.     The  immediate  object  of  Mr. 
Sanders  having    thus    been   accomplished   he 
accepted  a  proposition   for  the  consolidation 
of  his  own   paper  with  that  of  Mr.  Rust,  as- 
suinuig  at  the  same  time  a  position  as  associ- 
ate editor  of  the  Chicago  periodical. 

Mr.  Rust  was  a  ready  and  forcible  writer 
and  at  once  made  a  special  study  of  the  Short- 
horn trade.     His  paper  soon  attained  National 
circulation  and  influence  and  afforded  stock- 
l)ree(lers  in  general  and  the  Short-horn  frater- 
nity m  particular  a  needed  medium  of  commu- 
nication     The    National    Live- Stock   Journal, 
with  which   Messrs.   Charles  P.  Willard   and 
Wilham  Hallowell  also  became  identified  was 
soon  recognized  as  a  powerful  influence  in  the 
development  of  the  American  interest  in  pedi- 
greed-stock breeding. ^^    In  the  course  of  time 
the  Journal  gave  way  to  the  weekly  Breeder's 
inizetfe,  which  was  established  in  1881. 

•The  author  may  perhaps  be  pardoned  for  statlno-  t^nt  <* 

tance  with  t^e  liacl^of  tho  Shi'  f '^'^  V''  "^°'  '''^  ^'^'  '^^^"^In- 
and  America.     '"'"'^''''^"^^  «'  '^^  Short-horn  Herd  Books  of  Great  Britain 

27 


CHAPTER    XIV, 


'  t 


■.fi 


AN   ERA  OF   EXPANSION. 

Important  events  now  followed  thick  and 
fast.     Hundreds  of  herds  were  in  process  of 
formation  all  the  way  from  New  England  to 
the  Pacific  Coast.     The  fame  of  the  Short-horn 
had  become  co-extensive  with  North  American 
agriculture  and  the  demand  greater  than  at 
any  previous  period.     To  mention,   therefoie 
in  detail  all  those  who  took  a  prominent  part 
in  this  broad  expansion  of  Short-horn  interests 
would  be  to  transcribe  to  these  pages  volumes 
of  facts  and  pedigrees  that  may  best  be  gath- 
ered from  the  herd-book  records  of  the  peiiocl 
We   can  therefore  touch   only  upon   matters 
that  fairly  possessed  National  or  international 
interest. 

Hillhurst  and  Lyndale  operations.    Three 

importations  were  made  to  Hillhurst  in  1870, 
aggregating  some  sixty-five  head  of  cattle 
representing  the  leading  Bates  and  Booth 
strains.  In  the  first  lot  were  the  show  cattle 
sold  to  Col.  King,  as  already  mentioned. 
Along  with  these  Mr.  Cochrane  brought  out 
from  Col.  Gunter's  Duchesses  101st  and  103d— 

(418) 


AN    EUA    OF    KXPAXSKPN. 


4ia 


at  tlie  extniordinury  price  of  $5,000  and  $7,500 
lespectively-both  sired  hy  exp.  4tl,  Duke  of 
l.oru,lale,  and  in  the  fall  of  that  year  the.se 
I  Md.e.sses  dropped  heifer  ealve.s  by  8tli  Dnke 
;>    Vork  (28480,.    I„  this  same  shipment  was 
tii(>  roan  show  cow  Jessie  Hopewell,  of  Avl- 
mcM-  s  breeding,  that  was  sold  to  Ed   lies  "of 
Spnngfield  111.    I„  the  second  shipment  were 
severa^^ heifers  from  Warlaby  and  Killerby  and 
ree  Booth  bn  Is,  one  of  which.  Royal  Richard 
MU,  was  sold  to  A.  Van  Meter  of  Kentucky 
Mr.  Cochrane  continued  his  operations  in  1871 
I'nngms  over  a  large  nnmber  of  well-bred  and 
individually  e.xcellent  animals,  including  the 
man  heifer  Royal  Dnclie.ss  2d,  .sold  to  Mr  lies- 
he  red  Portnlacca.  that  liocame  the  pvofevU  of 
0.  fc.  t-ofhn  of  Muirkirk.  Md.:  the  red  luill  The 
Dcctor  l:i021  and  Cherub  .1505.  both  'subse! 
qnently  famous  in  the  West;  the  roan  Bread- 
a  i-aiie  1142!)  of  Toir's  breeding,  sold  to  S.  R. 
!5treiitor  of  Cleveland,  0.,  etc. 

Kichard  Gibson  selected  for  importation  by 
to .  h  ,ng  m  1871  a  lot  that  included  such 
noted  animals  as  Baron  llubback  2d  1319!)  of 
tol.  lovyneley-s  breeding;  Countess  of  O.xford 
from  Mes.srs.  Hosken  of  Cornwall;  Lad; 
Broug  1    largely  of  Booth   blood,  etc.    Mean- 

tnCn,  l^-     ""^T"    ■'"'^    ^"'"^    Duchess   <)7th 
10  i-ol  lUng  at  the  enormous  price  of  112  000 

liul    shrewdly   foreseeing    the    result   of '  the 


Mi 


iil 


BMl 


f\i 

1^ 


m  t 


,1 


420        A    HISTORY  OF   snOflT-irOflN   OATTr.R. 

inunipnljitioiis  ^rnimr  oii  at  New  York  \rill,s 
the  proprietor  of  Ifillliurst  repurdiased  ihis 
lioifci',  and  along  with  her  the  Gth  Duko  of 
Genova. 

Exportations  to  England.— In  April  1871 
Mr.  Cochrane  sold  thiou^rh  Mr.  Thornton  to 
Col.  Kingscoto  for  |4,0(K)  the  red  yearli„r. 
bull  Duke  of  Hillhurst  JKS6l>,  hy  14th  I)uk(>  o^f" 
Ihorndale  out  of  Duchess  l)7th,  that  afterward 
sired  the  highest-priced  hull  of  any  hreed  eve 

'?ii\"  *^  ''''''}'^'  ^''-'''^•'  ^"^^«  «f  Connanu-ht 
0i^()04),  for  which  Lord  Fitzhardiiige  gavo 
$22,500.  Along  with  Duke  of  Plillhurst  Mr 
Cochrane  shipped  the  roan  heifer  llth  Lady  of 
Oxford  to  the  Eai-1  of  Dunniore,  Stirling,  Scot- 
land, at  |;],750. 

In  October,  1871,  Walcott  &  Campbell  shipped 
three  Oxford  heifers,  the  9th  Maid  and  10th  and 
Dith  Ladys  of  Oxford,  together  with  the  year- 
ling Oxford  hull  5th  Lord  Oxford  103S2  and  the 
1st  Duke  of  Oneida  1)925,  all  sold   to  E    H 
Cheney.    For  the  1st  Duke  |4,250  was  received' 
^u  "^n^f  'ti^^'^''''''''^  i-esold  to  Lord  Skelmersdale." 
Ihe  9th  Maid  of  Oxford  was  a  particularly  val- 
uable heifer,  having  been  successfully  exhibited 
before  exportation  at  the  New  York  State  Fair 
Lnfortunately  she    died    soon    after   landin.^ 
abroad.  '^ 

In  November,  1871,  Mr.  Cochrane  made  an- 
other sale  to  Dunmore,  consisting  of  the  white 


AN    ERA    OF    EXF'ANHION. 


421 


DikIk^ss  107Hi  an.l  the  man  Diidioss  losth,  tlie 
Sth  .Maid  of  Oxford,  Mjircliioiiess  of  ()xford,'aiid 
foiii-  luMitucky-bred  Rose  of  SlmroiiH.  For  the 
Duchess  heifers  the  enornious  price  of  $12  500 
uas  paid.  The  two  Rose  of  Sharon  cows  Red 
l{(»sc,  of  Mr.  Renick's  breeding,  by  Airdrie 
L'478.  and  Red  Rose  2(1,  of  William  Warfield \s 
l»i<'<Mling,  by  Duke  Frederick,  were  taken  to- 
gether with  their  heifer  calves,  ft  $2  500 

Clark  Co.  (Ky.)  Importing  Co.--The  import- 
lu^  trade  into  Kentucky,  which  had  lan^niished 
for  many  years,  was  now  revived.     An  organi- 
zatiwu  made  up  mainly  of  Clark  County  breed- 
ers sent  Lewis  Hampton  and  W.  C.  Vanmeter 
to  England  early  in  1871  to  make  a  selection  of 
raitle  for  immediate  impoitation.    The  stock 
luiuled  in  New  York  April  11  and  was  disposed 
of  on  the  fair  grounds  near  Winchester  on  An- 
2().    Twenty-three  head  brought  $19,685,  an  av- 
erairo  of  .$855.87,  the  highest  price  realized  beiixr 
81.;]00  foi-  the  red  heifer  Cowslip  2d.  bought  by 
Lewis  Hampton.     The  red  cow  Pride  of  the 
West,  bred  by  Mr.  0.  Crarne  and  sired  by  exp 
<>:li  Oiike  of  Airdrie  (19602),  went  to  W.  H.  Nel- 
son of  Montgomery   County  at  $1,250     The 
si.me  buyer  took  the  red  yearling  heifer  Lady 
Spencer  2d.  by  Baron  Oxfc  -1  (23875),  at  $1,220 

■  JY!!J'  ^^  ^^'^  Charmer  tribe.  Asa  Bean 
ffivvp  $1,080.  Tlie  roan  bull  P<nibodv  (29585) 
went  to  W,  C.  Vanmeter  at  $900,  Duke  of  Ba^ 


I'm 


422 


A    HISTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN    CATTLE. 


i!  I 


braham  (25934)  to  W.  L.  Sudduth  at  $790  and 
the  Pawlett-Booth  bull  calf  Pioneer  12598  to 
same  buyer  at  $400.  At  this  same  sale  a  (inft 
of  home-bred  cattle  was  offered,  the  hiirjiest 
pnced  animal  contributed  by  local  breeders 
being  the  Young  Mary  cow  Beck  Taylor   by 

$600.  The  Young  Phyllis  yearling  heifer  Queen 
ot  Hearts,  sired  by  the  show  bull  Burnside  4(;is 
brought  $550.  ' 

High  prices  m  Illinois. -Ed ward  lies  sold 
twenty-nine  head  at  Springfieid,  111.,  Nov.  15 
1«71,  tor  $14,940.  an  average  of  $5i517     The 
show  cow  Jessie  Hopewell,  by  a  Booth  bull  on 
a  mixed  English  foundation,  was  included  in 
this  sale  and  was  taken  by  J.  H.  Kissinger  of 
Clarksville,  Mo.,  at  $2,500.     J.  G.  Tayh^i  of  De- 
catur, ni.,  bought  Oxford  Duchess,  a  two-year- 
old  Bates-topped  heifer  (imported  by  Hon  M 
K.  Cochrane),  for  $2,100.     The  yearling  shoAv 
heifer  Nelly  Bly  of  Forest  Hill,  by  Gen!  ptnl 
482o,  commanded  $1,800  from  Mr.  8pears     Mr 
bodowsky  of  Tndianola,  111,  gave  $1,800  for  the 
red  cow  Potmitilla  of  mixed  English  breeding, 
axso  imported  by  Mr.  Cochrane.     J.  H  Pi.kreli 

f     oi^'!  'I^r'^^^''  ''^^"  ^^'^  Statesman's  Daugh- 
ter 2d  at  $700.  and  other  parties,  afterward  ^^ll 
iniown  and  active  in  the  trade,  such  as  C  E 
Lippincott.  Messrs.  Parks.  A.  R,  Babbage  Wil-' 
ham   Stewart.  Samuel  Dysart,  William  Smith 


LE. 

1790,  and 
12598  to 
te  a  flrait 
highest- 
breeders 
kylor,  by 
Wutli  at 
er  Queen 
ide  4G18, 

ties  sold 
Nov.  15, 
i7.  The 
bull  on 
uded  in 
inger  of 
1  of  De- 
v^o-year- 
Hon.  M. 


AN    ERA    OF    EXPANSION. 


423 


i? 


shoAv 
I.  Grant 
rs.    Mr. 
for  the 
'eeding, 
i'ickrell 
Dau^h- 
Yc]  well 
.s  n.  E. 
e.  Wil- 
Smith, 


JefP  Bridgford  (Missouri),  et  al,  were  buyers  of 
cows  and  heifers.    The  ten-year-old  7th  Duke 
of  Airdrie  was  bought  by  W.  B.  Dodge,  Wauke- 
fraii,  111.,  at  1500,  and  the  roan  bull  calf  Chief 
Napier— a  "J"  Princess  by  imp.  Gen.  Napier- 
was  taken  by  E.  W.  Mills,  Sullivan,  111.,  at  $800 
The  great  trade  of  1872.— During  the  year 
1872  exportations    at    high    prices    to    Great 
Britain  were  renewed  on  a  still  more  extensive 
scale,  and  the  domestic  trade  was  vastly  in  ex- 
cess of  anything  previously  recorded,  no  less 
thiiu  1,014  head  of  Short-horns  being  sold  at 
auction  in  the  United  States  during  the  year 
for  §:il7.25(),  an  average  of  |313  each.     this. 
of  course,  does  not  include  the  great  list  of 
transfers  at  private  sale. 

Richard  Gibson.  Avho  was  now  located  at 
London,  Ont.,  went  to  Woodburn  in  April  and 
bought  the  8th,  13th  and  14th  Duchesses  of 
Airdrie  for  export  to  Cheney  of  Gaddesby  Hall. 
Along  with  the  Duchesses  he  sent  the  Princess 
cows  Primula  (bred  by  A.  B.  Conger),  Lady 
Wellington  and  Lady  Sale  of  Putney  (both 
bred  by  jAIessrs.  Winslow  of  Vermont),  the 
Gwynne  cow  Lady  Susan  3J  and  heifer  calf 
(l)red  by  Mr.  White  of  Framingham,  Mass.), 
and  the  Constance  heifer  Rosina,  bred  by 
Cowan  of  Canada. 

Lord   Dunmore  again  drew  upon  America, 
oi  lering  from  Hillhurst  the  Booth-bred  bulls 


424        A   HISTORY   OF    SHORT  HORN   CATTLE. 

Royal  Blithe  and  Breakspear  and  the  red  year- 
ling 3d  Duke  of  Hillhurst.    Mr.  Cochrane  had 
now  acquired  possession  of  the  Booth  stock 
imported  for  New  York  Mills.    Royal  Blithe 
was  a  son  of  the  Warlaby-bred  Merry  Peal,  but 
died  on  shipboard.    A  stormy  passage  was  en- 
countered and  the  other  two  bulls  arrived  at 
Liverpool  in  December  much  reduced  in  flesh 
This  year  is  memorable  in  the  annals  of 
Kentucky  Short-horn  breeding  especially  for 
the  sale  to  Earl  Dunmore  by  Abram  Renick  of 
the  Rose  of  Sharon  heifers  Red  Rose  of  the 
Isles,  Red  Rose  of  Thorndale  and  Red  Rose  of 
Rannoch,  the  first  a  daughter  of  old  Airdrie 
the  second  by  8th  Duke  of  Thorndale  and  the 
third  by  Joe  Johnson.    All  were  in  calf  to  the 
4th  Duke  of  Geneva.    Dunmore  had  been  at- 
tached to  the  staffs  of  various  Confederate 
commanders  during  the  American  Civil  War 
in  quest  of  military  experience.    He  was  with 
Lee,  Wade  Hampton  and  Kirby  Smith,  and 
when  the  latter  made  his  dash  into  Kentucky 
the  Scottish  Earl  improved  the  opportunity  to 
have  a  look  incognito  at  some  of  the  Short-horn 
herds  of  the  blue-grass  country.    Out  of  thi,s 
visit  grew  his  subsequent  orders  for  cattle  of 
the  Rose  of  Sharon  tribe. 

Col.  L.  G.  Morris  of  New  York  brought  ml 
m  August,  1872,  five  heifers  and  two  bulls  of 
Bates  blood,  including  the  bull  Oxford  Beau 


AN   ERA  OP   EXPANSION. 


425 


2d,  of  Kingscote  breeding.  Australia  was  also 
buying  freely  in  the  mother  country  about  this 
period,  paying  the  Duke  of  Devonshire  $5,000 
for  24th  Duke  of  Oxford  (31002). 

The  first  public  sale  of  cattle  ever  held  at 
Dexter  Park,  Chicago,  occurred  this  year,  the 
herd  of  Mr.  E.  P.  Brockway  of  Wisconsin,  that 
acquired  considerable  reputation  in  the  show- 
ring,  going  under  the  hammer  at  an  average 
price  of  $693  per  head.     Col.  William  S.  King 
sold  twenty-eight  females  at  auction  at  an  av- 
erage of  $452,  the  show  heifer  Booth's  Lancas- 
ter bringing  $1,700  from  Messrs.  Parks  of  Glen 
Flora  Farm,  Waukegan,  111.,  and  the  imported 
cows  Henrietta  and  Countess  Oxford  going  to 
the  same  noted  herd  at  $1,500  and  $1,000  re- 
spectively.    Booth's  Lancaster  was  resold  later 
to  S.  R.  Streator  of  Cleveland,  0.,  for  $2,000. 

It  was  during  this  year  also  that  J.  H.  Pick- 
rell  sold  imp.  British  Flag  1321 1,*  bred  by  Messrs 
Budding,  for  $1,800,  and  Baron  Lewis,  a  Phyllis 

*  British  Flag  was  one  of  an  Importation  made  In  1871  bv  a  Cant  Pmff 
^on  r'  i"'°.  the  possession  of  Mr.  Pickrell.  Baron  Lwfs  was  the  Ssi 
Sho,t-horn  bred  and  reared  in  Illinois  to  bring  so  great  a  price     At  this 

a  u  hTnT?;Snirr "'^ '^' ''' ^^^^"^ ^^-^« ^-'^^-' ^-ioatiz, 

w  til,  '      ^^^  ^''^  reached  the  excitement  was  intense     Turn 

Lonev  .    ThTT'  M,'--^--'^^    "Well,  stranger,  you  must  have  lo^s  of 
mo nej.      The  only  reply  was  an  advance  of  the  bid.    The  belligerent  Wr 
m.  ion  county  breeder,  however,  had  some  "  sand,"  as  well  as  means  Wm 
ou:;  or  uS^sJUl^'^  °"*  V''"^-    '^'^-tranger  did  have  money  st: 

C'worth  Of  Chlr''''fr"'''l"'  '°'  '^'^  ^^"  '""^  '^^«"*  «^  ^^^«  Hon.  John 
fnnrtTf        5  ^^*<'^^^-       I-on^  John,"  as  he  was  familiarly  called   was 

au  ■u.A'nlTrT'^""'^"'''  ""*  •'^"- --^-l-^ble  cattle  offered  at  pu^ic 
Tu  cha  1  Of  to^-^h Tu  ""^/'^P^'^^'^d  his  tactics  as  already  notlced^n  his 
yurcuast,  of  the  luth  Duke  of  Airdrie  some  years  previous. 


426 


A  HISTORY  OF  SHORT-HORN  CATTLE. 


bull  by  Baron  Booth  of  Lancaster,  to  "Uncle 
Harvey"  Sodowsky  of  Indianola,  111.,  for  $3,000 
at  a  public  sale  that  averaged  $603. 

Many  important  transactions  v^^ere  consum- 
mated this  season  at  private  treaty.  George 
MuiTay,  a  Scotchman  in  the  lumber  trade  at 
Racine,  Wis.,  v^ho  had  been  a  heavy  buyer  at 
the  McMillan  sale,  now  acquired  from  Mr.  Al- 
exander the  afterward  celebrated  10th  Duchess 
of  Airdrie.  He  was  usin^  at  this  time  at  the 
head  of  his  Slausondale  Herd  the  17th  Duke  of 
Airdrie,  and  had  paid  $1,210  for  Mazurka  26th. 
J.  H.  Kissinger  of  Missouri  received  during  this 
season's  t^ade  $1,800  for  his  Caroline  Airdrie 
heifer  by  Mr.  Pickrell's  Sweepstakes  6230  to  go 
to  California. 

While  all   this  was  going  on  in  America 
prices  were  "booming"  abroad.    At  Earl  Dun- 
more's  sale  Sept.  5,  1872,  the  English  sale  rec- 
ord was  broken  when  Mr.  Thornton  disposed 
of  forty-eight  cows  and  heifers  for  over  $60,- 
000,  an  average  of  some  $1,250.     At  this  sale 
Baron  Oxford  5th  brought  $2,000.    The  highest 
price  for  a  female  was  $6,000  for  a  yearling  Ox- 
ford heifer,  another  of  the  same  family  bring- 
ing $5,050.     The  part  of  the  Earl's  herd  not 
offered  upon  this  occasion  comprised  his  Amer- 
ican importations,  one  or  two  favorite  old  cows, 
and  a  tribe  known  as  the  Revelrys— twenty- 
two  head  in  all— for  which  $75,000  in  a  lump 


AN  ERA   OF   EXPANSION. 


427 


sum  was  said  to  have  been  refused.     After  this 
sale  two  of  the  Red  Roses  (Renick  Rose  of 
Sharon)  were  parted  with  privately  at  $10  000 
On  Nov.  30  following  Mr.  Simon  Beattie  shipped 
for  Lord  Dunmore  from  America  five  heifers 
all  descended  from  imp.  Rose  of  Sharon,  by 
Belvedere  (1706).    Three  of  these  were  bred  by 
Abram    Renick— Minnie  4th,   by  old  Airdrie 
(30365);  Duchess  10th,  by  Joe  Johnson,  and 
Rose  of  Thorndale,  by  8th  Duke  of  Thorndale 
riie  other  two  were  of  the  Ohio  branch  of  the 
tribe,  tracing  through  Lady  of  the  Lake,  and 
were  bred  by  Mr.  Chauncey  Hills  of  Delaw«>-e- 
one  of  them  got  by  Mr.  Hills'  Imperial  Star- 
light 8270  and  the  other  by  Judge  Jones'  Ma- 
zurka Duke  of  Airdrie  10478.    Remarkable  as 
was  the  Dunmore  sale  of  Sept.  5  a  still  more 
sensational  one  was  soon  to  follow     Messrs 
Ham^ird  &  Downing  sold  on  Sept.  18  sixty-one 
liead  for  £15,458,  an  average  of  £253,  the  three- 
year-old  bull  8th  Duke  of  Geneva  going  to  Mr 
Leney  at  £1,650,  or  fully  $8,250  in  gold,  the 
highest  price  paid  at  auction  for  any  animal  of 
the  breed  up  to  that  date.    Mr.  Downing  had 
paid  Mr.  Sheldon  of  New  York  $4,000  for  the 
bull  in  1869.     Col.  L.  G.  Morris  of  Fordham  N 
J.>  was  a  buyer  at  this  sale.    The  highest-priced 
teniale  was  5th  Maid  cf  Oxford  at  $4  500 

fi.f'.^nonn  ^^^°^it®  -^^46  and  Loudon  Duke 
6th  10399. -In  1870  Mr.  Charles  E.  Leonard  of 


i  ii 

i 


428 


A    HISTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN    CATTLE. 


Mil 


Ravenswood  Farm,  Mo.,  had  purchased  from  D 
McMilJan  of  Ohio  the  eight-months  bull  calf 
Oakland  Favorite  10546,  sired  by  Loyal  Duke  of 
Oakland  6977  out  of  Mignonette  by  Gen.  Grant 
4825;  second  dam  Jessie—the  dam  of  Gen 
Grant-by  Starlight  2d  2259.  He  sustained  the 
good  reputation  of  the  McMillan  stock,  prov- 
ing an  extra  show  bull  and  vi^inning  for  Mr. 
Leonard  many  first  and  championship  prizes 
west  of  the  Mississippi  River. 

In  1872  Mr.  John  G.   Cowan  of  Holt  Co., 
Mo.,  purchased  the   celebrated   Loudon  Duke 
6th  103^)9,  bred  by  Mr.  Warfield  and  sired  by 
Muscatoon   7057  out  of  the  great  show  cow 
Loudon  Duchess  2d  by  Duncan's  Duke  of  Air- 
drie  2743.     We  believe  this  bull  was  once  de- 
feated lit  Kansas  City  by  Mr.  Leonard's  Oak- 
land Favorite,  but  his  career  in  the  Missouri, 
Kansas  and  Nebraska  show-yards  represented 
an  almost  unbroken  line  of  victories.    He  was 
a  red  with  straight  top  and  bottom  lines;  a 
broad,  deep  chest;  good  on  the  fore  ribs  and 
through  the  heart;  possessing  smooth,  well-laid 
shoulders,  deep  ribs,  low  flanks,  faultless  hind 
quarters  and  the  traditional  Duke  of  Airdiie 
neatness.    He  had  been  shown  by  Mr.  Warliekl 
with  great  success  in  Kentucky,  Ohio  and  In- 
diana, where  he  had  only  been  beaten  once  as 
as  a  yearling.    Mr.  Cowan  paid  $3,000  for  him 
as  a  two-year-old,  and  his  exhibition  at  the 


AN    ERA    OF    EXPANSION. 


429 


Western  fairs  served  to  spread  the  reputation 
ot  the  Short-horns  well  beyond  the  Missouri 
luver.    Shown  with  his  get  he  never  met  de- 
teat     In  fact  as  a  breeding  bull  he  had  no 
<'qual  in  the  Western  country  in  his  day     His 
<lescendants  in  the  Cowan  herd  were  distin- 
guished show  and  breeding  animals  for  many 
years,  and  one  of  bis  sons  contributed  much  to 
the  success  of  the  late  Hon.  D.  M.  Moninger  in 
Hs  great  steer-breeding   operations  in  Iowa 
In  the  hands  of  Mr.  Richard  Daniels,  one  of 
Nebraska  s  pioneer  breeders,*  bulls  by  Loudon 
)uke  6th  rendered  capital  service,  and  one  of 
liis  daughters  Loudon's  Minnie,  was  a  feature 
ot  the  Short-horn  exhibit  at  the  Philadelphia 
Centennial. 

First  National  convention.— On  Nov    27 

1872  the  first  National  convention  of  breeders 
ot  Short-horns  ever  held  in  America  met  at  In- 
(lianapolis,  Ind.,  the  chairman  of  the  commit- 

mens  of  the  breed  ever  taken  to  the  State  by  .2  mSnf  $2.^  L         T""'' 

rse^-Sif;=-rsr^~^ 

brought  With  this  lot  a  two-year^old  s^^er  fo'^whirh  L'Zd 'i' ,  "m." I? 
pran,  kcepini?  him  until  he  was  six  years  nUi^ZV  *^""  *"  ^'''^*- 

Bros.orOnu.ha  for  Christmas  beef  ^fn/f'^r  ^^"^''^  ^"'"^  to  Shirley 

fro.  Mr,  Cowan  the  bree\r;LrKniirtrs'.Sie1;;3^^^^^^^^ 

bred  by  W.  R.  Duncan  of  Illinnia     tt„  „  ^eorge  miS,  that  had  been 

6368,  and  cost  Mr/DanLsyio     Thef  foT'  *''  ^''''''''  '''^'^  ^^  ^*"l«t«r 


430   A  HISTORY  OF  SHORT-HORN  CATTLE. 

tee  that  issued    the  call   for  this  important 
meeting  having   been  the  late  Hon.  Claude 
Matthews  of  Indiana.     This  great  mass  meet- 
ing grew  out  of  a  desire  on  the  part  of  those 
who  were  the  recognized  leaders  in  the  trade 
at  this  date  to  have  a  higher  standard  of  regis- 
try established  for  the  herd  book,  which  was  at 
that  time  the  private  property  of  Mr.  Lewis  F. 
Allen.    Those  who  had  been  paying  long  prices 
for  stock  of  comparatively  recent  importation, 
or  immediate  descendants  thereof,  sought  to 
cast  discredit  upon  cattle  bred  from  many  of 
the   earlier  importations,  and  it  was  argued 
that  inasmuch  as  some  of  the  foundation  stock 
in  the  herd  book  had  no  pedigree,  and  as  others 
registered  in  the  early  days  boasted  pedigrees 
known  to  be  of  questionable  character,  it  was 
necessary  to  practically  treat  the  descendants 
of  such  cittle  as  "grades."    Indeed  the  ques- 
tion of  demanding  a  more  rigid  standard  of  ad- 
mission to  the  herd  book  was  the  prime  factor 
in  the  calling  of  this  convention.    George  W. 
Rust,  through  the  Live-Stock  Journal,  had  pub- 
lished scathing  denunciations  of  what  he  char- 
acterized as  the  inexcusable  laxity  of  the  Allen 
rules,  and  the  fact  that  the  "purists"  had  al- 
ready gone  so  far  as  to  establish  in  Kentucky 
(under  the  powerful  patronage  of  Mr.  A.  J.  Al- 
exander and  under  the  immediate  direction  of 
Maj.  Humphrey  Evans)  a  rival  pedigree  regis- 


AN   ERA   OF   EXPANSION.  431 

ter  known  as  the  "American  Short-horn  Rec- 
ord  indicated  the  extent  and  depth  of  the  feel- 
ing existing  in  respect  to  this  matter 

After  extended  debate  the  following  resolu- 
tions boaring  upon  this  and  anothei  mooted 
(|uestion  were  adopted: 

the  American  S  Bookw    i,  Lh°  *""'  ''"='°"'--''  '"^'^''■'  '- 
before  ,bey  can  be  enuSTo'^^'S^"''  """  """  "'  """"""• 

Mr.  Allen  accepted  these  and  the  other  rec- 
ommendations of  the  convention  and  agreed 

herd'boor"      ^^  *''""' '"  *'"'  '°°''"'=*  °f  ^l'" 

nn^P""^*!""  *°  prevailing  "fashions"  devel- 
oped. _i  he  era  of  speculation  was  now  in 
full  swing     Bell's  history  of  Bates  cattle  and 
Carrs  history  of  the   Booth   herds   had  ap- 
peared m  England,  and  were  widely  read  L 
America     Controversies  were  waged  through 
he  public  press  and  at  every  gathering  of 
Headers  over  the  pedigrees  a/d  '  haracte^r  o 
the  gieat  rival  types.    Prominent  among  those 
who  took  part  in  this  i„  the  States  wei^  Hon 
nf  wiT'-n  ^J^^^'*'-"'  0-.  and  A.  S.  Matthews 
maiw'of  f^  '',  ^'■'  """'^  "^  ^•'°'"    "<'i«"led 
the  Lt      «i,  ''.":!'  '"^'^^  ^y  t*""  P-^rtisans  of 

man  of  strong  intellect,  deeply  versed  in  Short- 


432        A    lUSTORY    OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 

horn  lore,  and  as  fond  of  a  controversy  as  any 
native  of  Erin.  He  was  an  experienced  breeder, 
and  for  a  period  of  nearly  twenty  years  was  one 
of  the  leading  American  writers  on  Short-horn 
cattle.  His  ability,  honesty  of  purpose,  and 
virile  character  commanded  the  respect  even 
of  those  who  differed  with  him  in  relation  to 
the  various  controverted  tenets  of  the  Short- 
horn faith.  There  was  a  sharp  tilt  in  England 
between  Lord  Dunmore  and  Mr.  J.  B.  Booth,  in 
the  course  of  which  the  latter  challenged  the 
Earl  to  show  twenty  head  of  the  Killerby  Hec- 
ubas  against  a  like  number  of  any  one  trib^  at 
Dunmore  for  $5,000  a  side,  to  which  His  Lord- 
ship responded  that  he  did  not  have  that  num- 
ber of  any  one  tribe  in  his  pastures.  It  is  of 
interest  at  this  juncture,  as  reflecting  a  feeling 
that  was  becoming  very  prevalent  at  this  stage 
of  the  proceedings,  to  note  that  the  National 
Live-Stock  Journal  in  commenting  upon  the 
Booth-Dunmore  controversy  in  its  issue  of  Jan- 
uary, 1873,  used  the  following  significant  lan- 
guage: 

"  The  Booth  and  Bates  men  usually  profit  by  these  discussions; 
they  no  doubt  intended  that  this  controversy  should  tend,  as  pre- 
vious ones  have,  to  attract  public  attention  to  those  rival  strains, 
until  purchasers  should  be  persuaded  that  the  only  question  for 
them  to  decide  was  which  of  the  'breeds,'  to  use  the  lancruage  of 
Mr.  Bates,  should  be  selected.  Hearing  this  perpetual  contro- 
versy it  is  not  strange  that  amateurs  should  be  willing  to  pay  long 
prices  for  a  Booth  or  Bates  pedigree,  without  regard  to  the  excel- 
lence of  the  animal.  But  that  practical  men,  who  have  had  ex- 
perience in  breeding,  and  especially  that  managers  of  pul  lications 


AN   ERA   OP   EXPANSION.  433 

supporti'd  by  the  owners  of  <?hn..f  »,« 

our  o>v„  part  „o  n.can  lVtl?a  f?,t  ,1  ?".?'  '»'"P"-<">e"<l.  For 
»f  tlii»  ma..ia.  While  „L,u,,f'  "'  "  '"  ">«  P''»'.  '<>  keep  clear 
ccUcnce  of  these  r.talaS  "Slews'  ^t?  I^""'  '"^ '''«''  - 
>i.p.Tior  In  blood  or  in  vai  ,?bl!!.,f  .  t'"  """'  ""'3'  ■"•»  »«' 
other  good  brooders,  Ld  I  af  thl^^M  "'I'"'  '"  '"^  <«'"=  <" 
th,,„  thi,  pre-emlneit  "up'r'orl.v  °;  "'TT'  """>  '""I"'  '<" 
"..J-«.  depreciating  the  v'l^r/oror^s'hSltl^.t  """"^  -" 

This  is  the  fi,-st  time  we  find  any  p„|,lic  edi 
«.ml  condcmnaticn  of  the  tendenoy  of  the 
ti  nes  m  Short-liorn  breeding  ciicle;   »   f    ! 
winch  indicates  clearly  that  the   ^k'and  file 
of  Amencan  Shoit-horn  breeders  w™ 
-n.  to  grow  restive  under    hnrsLtSld 
usually  arrogant  assumptions  of  superiorilT 
'lulKcd  in  by  the  dealers  in  the  ''fasMonahle" 
strains  of  that  day.  lasmonable 

2e 


• 

i 


CHAPTER    XV. 


TTIK    SENSATION   OF   SEVKNTY-TIIUKR 

The  year  1878  dawned  with  the  breed  bask 
ing  in  the  sunsbine  of  a  popuharity  such  as  no 
other  vfiriety  of  improved  live  stock  has  ever 
enjoyed.    The  wealth  of  the  cattle-breed in.r 
world  was  now  ready  to  be  poured  at  the  feet 
of  the  Short-horn.    Notwithstanding  tbe  inter- 
nal dissensions  noted  in  the  preceding  chanter 
agricultural  history  has  no  parallel  to  the  pu- 
thusiasm  and  boundless  devotion  displayed  bv 
the  followers  of  the  "red,  white  and  roan" 
during  this  and  the  years  immediately  succeed- 
ing.    The  beauty  and  practical  utility  of  the 
breed  had  captivated  the  great  landed  proprie- 
tors of  both  hemispheres,  as  well  as  the  fai-in- 
ers  and  feeders  of  both  continents;  and  und(T 
the  stimulus  of  a  demand  almost  i^oild-wide 
in  Its  character  those  who  had  tho  M,e-ns  to 
gratify  their  taste  for  rare  speciiiiens  of  the 
breed  were  forced  to  measure  values  not  so 
much  by  the  mere  intrinsic  worth  of  individ- 
ual animals  for  the  feed-lot  or  the  dairy  as  by 
te  degree  of    personal    satisfaction    flowing 

(434) 


i 

HI 

Jl 

4i 


11 


Pfcll 
II 


It  . 


If 


f-  i '  111 

m 


:sWiM)Blf|HtmH»||IHpil»S 


'Wm-^ 


THE   SENSATION   OF   SEVENTY-THREE.        435 

from  the  ownership  of  Short-horns  of  illustri- 
ous lineage  or  bearing  the  badge  of  show-yard 

superiority. 

It  is  true  there  were  certain  parties  identi- 
tied  with  the  trade  who  were  engaged  in  pro- 
moting public  Interest  from  purely  mercenary 
motr/es.   Such  individuals  did  what  they  could 
of  coulee,  to  add  fuel  to  the  fire,  but  it  goes 
without  saying  that  their  utmost  efforts  would 
have  been  wholly  unavailing  but  for  the  exist- 
ence of  an  abiding  appreciation  of  the  breed 
upon  both  sides  the  Atlantic,  which  was  as  pro- 
toiind  as  It  was  widespread  and  persistent     It 
therefore  came  to  pass  at  this  period  that  those 
who  sought  what  they  regarded  as  the  most 
desirable  cattle  of  the  breed  were  compelled  to 
pay  exorbitant  and  finally  fabulou.  prices;  but 
the  mere  fact  that  breeders  nnd  fanciers  were 
willing  to  fol  ow  their  favorites  to  the  amazing 
figures  quoted  in  the  following  pages  is  in  it 
self  a  tribute  to  the  fascinating  character  of 
the  Shori-horn  such  as  no  other  race  of  domes- 
tic animals  has  ever  yet  received. 

"Coming  events  cast  their  shadows  before" 
While  It  was  not  until  the  autumn  of  1873  that 
the  pent-up  enthusiasm  for  the  Duchess  blood 
was  at  length  unchained,  transactions  both  at 
auction  and  at  private  treaty  forecasted  por- 
ten  ous  events  early  in  the  year.  Trade  opened 
up  briskly  in  the  West.  ^ 


!*■! 


436 


A    HISTOliY    OF   SnOHT-HOKN   CATTLE. 


Spring  sales  1873.-At  the  Parks*  and  Mur- 
ray sales,  in  April,  Col.  James  W.  Judy  as  auc- 
tioneer disposed  of  twenty-four  females  for 
the  former  at  an  average  of  |783,  and  thirty- 
two  for  Mr  Murray  at  an  average  of  $848  Of 
the  Glen  Flora  (Parks)  lot  Messrs.  Sodowsky 
took  the  two  imported  cows  Countess  of  Oxford 
and  Henrietta  at  $2,000  each.  D.  M.  Flynu  of 
Des  Moines,  la.,  bought  Moss  Rose  at  $1  GIG 
and  A^H.  &  I.  B.  Day  of  Utica,  la.,  took  inn)' 
Lady  Brough  at  $1,680.    Elliott  &  Kent  of  Des 

mTw  b'^D^^^  -"-"«™  ^rawn  to  Shon-horn^SrouS   Lb  r/u" 
JHr.  W.  B.  Dodg-e  had  established  at  Waukt'san    Their  finafi 
in  m9.  When  they  ho..ht  tlve  hoKe.^  ^yM^suSt^^^l^^^^:::;;^ 
urn     They  bought  Lady  of  Racine,  a  dauf^hter  of  Lady  of  Clark  f,      , 

or  i  0,^  Tm"™  "^*''^^''  ^'■°'"  ""•■  ^°'^*'-  -'^"^  sold  hfr'^^oaSri  Mum: 
for  $4,000.    This  transaction,  we  believe,  occurred  whilp     "^"""^7.  ^"'^'^'ly 

horn  trade       '"'''^  ^'^''^  ^"°°^  ^he  .nost  active  in  the  AmeHcansS 

Smp  onrwi^r-J'T.?"^''^^'^  '"'-''''^  ^—  ^'^^  femalerwore'  he 
cnompion  cow  imp.  Henrietta,  imp.  Ruberta,  imp.  Lady  Brough  shown  -m 

^  SeToTErvhor:  't^  I''  ''^"^^  ""'''''  ^^««  ^-^'eia^i^and '^.1 
oa  (,em  of  Eryholme.    This  was  a  strong  lot,  admirably  fitted. 


Ir::i 


THE   SENSATION   OF   SEVENTY-THREE.        437 

Moines  secured  imp.  Frill  at  $1,050.    Sodowsky 
r^fnnr^a  Scotsman  10951,  of  Lyndale  fame, 
at  u,{JW.    Scotsman  was  a  roan  of  the  Duke  of 
Biiccleuch's  breeding,  and  it  is  of  interest  to 
note  m  passing  that  he  was  a  half-brother  to 
tlie  dam  of  the  afterward  famous  Duke  of  Rich- 
mond, so  celebrated  in  the  herd  of  J  H  Potts 
&  Son      At  the  Murray  sale  A.  B.  Conger  of 
hew  York  bought  the  i7th  Duke  of  Airdrie  for 
$2,300,  and  S.  W.  Jacobs  of  West  Liberty   la 
the  cow  Forest  Queen   at  $1,280.    Gen'  Sol 
Meredith  of  Indiana  gave  $1,325  for  Valeria; 
SW.  Jacobs  $1,350  for  3d  Louan  of  Slauson^ 
dale;  William  Stewart  of  Taylor,  Ill.,$l  700' for 
2d  Lady  of  Racine  and  $1,400  for  Mazurka  20th 
and  G.  W.  Gaines  of  Ridge  Farm  $1  775  for 
Mazurka  23d.    W.  B.  Dodge  of  Waukegan  sold 
a  lot  at  the  same  time  at  high  prices   G   J 
Hagerty  of  Ohio  paying  $1,010  for  Elsie,  and 
Elliott  &  Kent  $1,000  for  Mazurka  of  Wood- 
lawn. 

In  May  of  this  year  Col.  King  sold  ten  head 
to  William  S.  Chapman  and  J.  D.  Carr  of  Cali- 
toriiia  for  $10,000,  including  the  prize  bull  Old 
Sam  10551. 

Dunmore's  big  deal.-Meantime  Lord  Dun- 
more  closed  a  trade  with  the  Hon.  M  H  Coch 
mne  for  ten  head  of  Bates-bred  cattle  for  $50,- 

>0.    This  lot  included  6th  Duke  of  Geneva 
Duchesses  97th,  101st  and  103d,  one  Waterloo' 


ri 


'•II 


I 


fi». 


I 


N; 


438 


A    HISTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


and  five  Wild  Eyes.  Duchess  97th  at  the  time 
of  this  sale  to  Dunmore  was  at  Walcott  & 
Campbell's,  being  bred  to  the  2d  Duke  of  Onei- 
da. Duchess  103d  died  at  Hillhurst  before  the 
order  was  filled. 

Summer  sales.— In  July  Edward  lies  sold 
imp.  Cherub  11505  at  auction  at  Springfield  for 
16,000  to  J.  H.  Spears  of  Tallula,  111.,*  and  at 
the  same  sale  Gen.  Meredith  paid  $2,000  for 
Joan  of  Arc,  $1,650  for  Royal  Duchess  2d,  $1,200 
for  Royal  Duchess  3d  and  $2,200  for  two  Louans; 
Henry  Clark  of  Missouri  $1,000  for  Anna  Bo- 
leyn;  S.  C.  Duncan  of  same  State  $1,100  for 
Florence;  J.  H.  Kissinger  $1,000  for  Prairie 
Blossom,  and  W.  R.  Duncan  $1,000  for  Baron- 
ess Bates  3d.    About  the  same  time  William 
Stewart  of  Franklin  Grove,  111.,  sold  a  lot  at  an 
average  of  $540,  chiefly  notable  now  from  the 
fact  that  it  contained  the  first  specimen  of  the 
breeding  of  Mr.  Amos  Cruickshank  of  Sittyton, 
Aberdeenshire,  Scotland,  to  pass  through  the 
sale-ring  in  the  West  since  the  Illinois  Import- 
ing Co.'s  sale  of  1857,  viz.:  the  show  cow  Vio- 
let's Forth,  bought  by  J.  H.  Spears  for  $1,525. 
Ueorge  Otley  gave  $1,000  at  this  sale  for  Dove 
6th..    On  June  25  J.  H.  Kissinger  held  a  sale 
that  averaged  $540  on  the  females,  the  "top"  of 

♦Cherub  was  bred  by  Lord  Sudeley  of  Gloucestershire.  Eng.,  and  was 
got  by  Baron  Booth  (21212),  sire  of  imp.  Baron  Booth  of  Laneaator.  out  of 
Seraphlna  13th  by  Jolm  o'  Gaunt  (1B322).  He  was  import- id  by  Cochrane, 
who  sold  him  to  lies. 


THE  SENSATION  OF   SEVENTY-THEEE.        439 

which  was  Illustrious  Sd  at  $2,OoO  to  T  W 
Ga,rard  of  Missouri.  This  was  one  of  the'best 
co«    of  her  time-a  red-roan,  bred  by  James 

kT^  '.^"'  ^"'^  '^^'^  ^y  tl>e  Roan  Duch- 
ess bull  Gallant  Duke  6749  from  a  cow  descend- 
ing from  imp  Illustrious  by  Emperor.  She  was 
hve  years  old  at  the  time  of  this  sale.  J  H. 
fepeai-s  bought  the  Pomona  show  cow  Phcebe 
aylor  for  11,500  and  Mr.  Pickrell  the  td 
Beauty  by  De  Vaux  cow  Farina  2d,  also  a 
noted  pnze-taker,  at  the  same  figure  The 
m,sy  (by  Wild)  show  bull  Duke  'of  AirdS 
9800  went  to  H.  Clark  of  Missouri  at  $1,000. 
f  I  A  Vi  S*f  Benson's  sale  at  Greencastle, 
I.Kl.,  Aug.  13  11,000  was  paid  by  J.  Bridges 
Bambnclge,  Ind.,   for    Stevenson's    28th    and 

ll'To^'c''''"''  P'"'*y  *°''  Stevenson's    37tl, 
At  K  K.  Seymour's  sale  at  ChiUicothe,  0.,  a 

«^  m  f ''t  u"  !^  ^"'^'^  °*  Oneida  sold  for 
W,.TO  to  John  Montgomery,  Licking,  0.  At 
B.  H.  Prewitt's  sale  at  Pine  Grove,  Ky.,  July 
31,  Gen.  Meredith  gave  $2,800  for  the  Booth 
bull  imp.  Forest  Napier  11973.  At  Winches- 
p'p^^'-  ^,"f'  ^'  f*  *  ^"'^  conducted  by  Capt. 
Lm  J-^!"  ^'''**«  "^  ^'"""'^  Hampton, 

R  1,  T.f,''"  ''^  ^-  ^-  *^™o«  for  Mazurka 
Belle  and  $3,150  by  same  party  for  Lady  Pavv- 

lett     At  the  same  sale  Geneva  Lad  10129  went 

rIii  ■  'J-,^'^"'P*''"  ^^  ^^•^■'^'  "'"^  «"^^  Mazurka 
Bello  2cl   to  Hon.  T.  J.  Megibbeu  at  $2,050, 


T1 

in^nA-' 

;  1 

■H^Hi 

fffflffl^B  !  ■■'' 

vJ^POnBi  1 

!'i" 

1    ■''       ■• 

tj. 


440 


A    HISTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


Annie  Laura  to  S.  F.  Lockridge,  GreencastJe 
Ind.,  for  11,000,  the  bull  Mazurka  Lad  15928  tci 
J.  V.  Grigsby  at  $1,400,  and  the  bull  Mazurka 
Duke  2d  15927  to  Mr.  W.  Voorhies  of  Illinois  at 
$1,225.    Abram  Van  Meter  sold  at  Winchester 
Ky.,  Aug.  2  and  received  $2,000  from  R    h' 
Prewitt  for  Forest  Queen,  $1,010  from  John 
Grigsby  for  Forest  Beauty  and  $1,000  from  the 
same    buyer   for  May  Cadenza.    On.  Aug.  5 
George  M.  Bedford  made  an  average  of  $849  on 
twenty-seven  females,  receiving  for  5th  Duch- 
ess Louan  $3,575,  for  23d  Duchess  of  Goodness 
$2,950,  for  22d  of  same  name  $1,000,  for  the 
21st  $1,025— all  to  local  buyers— and  for  9th 
Duke  of  Goodness  11736  $4,500  from  Strawn  & 
Lewis  of  Ottawa,  III.    At  James  Hall's  sale  at 
Pans,  Ky.,  Aug.  6,  S.  F.  Lockridge  gave  $1,060 
for  Sarah  Rice  5th.    At  Silver  Lake,  Kan.,  on 
Aug.  20  the  State  Agricultural  College  paid 
Andrew  Wilson  $1,050  and  $900  respectively 
for  a  pair  of  Young  Marys— Grace  Youngs  4th 
and  5th. 

While  these  sales  serve  to  indicate  the  pre- 
vailing furor  as  evidenced  around  the  auction 
block,  leading  breeders  were  making  important 
private  transfers.  Leney  took  to  England  from 
New  York  Mills  10th  Maid  of  Oxford  and  6th 
Duke  of  Oneida.  A.  J.  Alexander  sold  15th 
Duchess  of  Airdrie  for  export  to  Cheney  at 
$10,000!    J.  H.  Pickrell  while  attending  the 


I.--K 


THE    SENSATION   OF   SEVENTY-THKEE.        441 

Kentucky  sales  bought  the  famous  Booth  hull 
Breastplate  11195  from  Prewitt  for  $6  250 
George  Murray  bought  11th  Duke  of  Geneva 

TSJa^^'^l  ^-  ^"^^^^^  ^^  ^  reported 
price  of  $10  000.    The  bull  had  been  bought  by 

Mr.  Bedford  at  Hughes  &  Richardson's  sa^e  of 
1872  for  16  000.  Richard  Gibson  exported  a 
ha  f-dozen  females  of  the  Frantic  or  Fletchei- 
Bell-Bates  sort,  a  Kirklevington  cow  and  two 
Princesses,  and  sent  word  back  from  England 
that  at  Cheney's  sale  the  9th  Duke  of  Geneva's 
heifers  averaged  over  $2,000  each!  The  pot 
was  boilmg  furiously  on  both  sides  the  Atlantic 
and— then  came  the  deluge 

New  York  Mills  dispersion.-Hon.  Samuel 
Campbell,  after  acquiring  the  interest  of  his 
parinm-  (Mr.  Walcott)  in  the  Duchesses  and 
other  Short-horns  at  New  York  Mills,  was  now 
ready  for  the  coup  toward  which   the  events 
detailed  in  the  foregoing  pages  had  all  been 
ending,  to-wit.:  the  closing-out  of  the  entire 
herd  at  auction.    The  10th  of  September  1873 
was  the  day  set  for  the  event.    John  R.'Pao-e' 
hennett,  N.  Y.,  was  engaged  as  auctioneer  and 
Mr.  Carr  of  England  was  asked  to  write  up  the 
herd  on  the  other  side  the  water  for  a  consid- 

T^rfHj^^  ^'^'^  ^^  ^^^  g^-««s  receipts. 
H.  btrafford,  the  celebrated  English  auctioneer 
and  editor  of  the  English  Herd  Book,  was  cor- 
responded with.    He  was  to  sell  the  Duchesses 


'  u^ 

1 

fff 

1 

j    1 

;f 

.1   r  1' 

III 

1 

r    1 

.Mli. 

f 

Fr 

ii 

1  ' 

1. 


+ 


442 


A    HISTORY    OK    SIIORT-IIOUN    CATTI,E. 


for  a  fee  of  1,000  giiiiiecis!  lie  published  a  sale 
catalogue  of  tlie  Duchesses  and  Oxfords.  Paye 
aiiiioniiced:  '•  I  have  the  sale  and  shall  he 
pleased  to  see  Mr.  Sti-afford  and  have  his  as- 
sistance, but  he  will  sell  what  I  choose  to  as- 
sign him.  I  am  the  auctioneer."  The  Can 
episode  led  to  a  long  and  heated  newspaper 
controversy,  in  the  course  of  which  Be/Ts  M<'s- 
senger  of  London  said:  "The  words  quoted  l)y 
Mr.  Carr  mean  that  when  lie  offered  to  Mr. 
Campbell  as  a  salable  commodity  his  influence 
with  British  Short-horn  buyers  and  Mr.  Camp- 
bell agreed  to  accept  it  at  a  price  both  Mr. 
Campbell  and  Mr.  Carr  (on  thei}-  own  showing) 
w^ere  guilty  of  disgraceful  tralRc  in  public  con- 
fidence." All  of  which  served  as  capital  adver- 
tising. 

There  were  now  no  Duchesses  living  on 
either  side  the  Atlantic  descended  direct  from 
Mr.  Bates'  herd,  without  admixture  of  blood 
from  other  sources,  save  those  at  New  York 
Mills,  and  they  were  all  derived  from  Duchess 
66th.*  Just  why  this  should  have  made  the 
Mills  cattle  so  much  more  precious  than  their 

♦The  leading'  outcrosses  on  the  Duchesses  came  tlirou^h  2cl  Duke  of 
Athol  (11370)  into  the  Duchesses  of  Airdrie,  through  Usurer  (!)T03)  Into  tlw 
English  Duchesses,  throu{?h  Imperial  Oxford  41)05,  Prince  Imperial  (l.m')) 
and  2a  Duke  ot  Bolton  (Wrua)  into  the  Grand  Duchesses,  ai  :I  through  Grand 
Turk  (123G'.i)  Into  some  oi  ihe  Duken  of  Thorudalo.  Outcrosses  put  upon  tlio 
Oxfords  included  Rom<;o  (1361!t)  and  his  sons  Oxford  Lad  lli'iO  and  Imperial 
Oxford  4'.K)o:  Maixiuis  of  Carrahas  (llTSii),  bred  by  Fawkes,  and  Laiiiartine 
(llWji),  bri-a  i)y  J.  \\.  Sherwood.  Imperial  Duke  USUSS),  that  was  lialfDiicli- 
ess  and  half-Knlirhtley,  had  also  been  introduced  Into  some  of  the  Duelicaa 
and  Oizford  pedigrees. 


THE   SENSATION   OF   SEVENTY-THREE.        443 

which   Ml-   1!  *  '"/■f"'  of  tlie  treedom  with 
t  his  my"  out«-os.sed  the  fa.nily 

'liinng  lu,  lifetime,  except  upon  the  hvnotli- 
sis  that  ai  sidll  and  judgment  in  mat  fg  ea  . 
tie  t^enshod  with  the  founder  of  tlie   li  e     A, 
a  .nutter  of  fact  evidence  was  not  wL     „g  tha 

2hi.conneX-wft*ht*;::^rtr:^ 

f     ''vei^ge  merit,  hnt  it  had  been  c'dled 
Wly  and  handled  with  consummate  Judg 

SoiM..  wo,.o  santniino  enough  to  nHo.  ^h  .  '*  "^""'^  ''  ^.K-hess  brings 

the  tension  was  Bomo.hin/tor rifle  "m,^  tf '?!["  "*  *'"''^-    ^'^  ^'^^  "^^^^-^ 

oth..r«  were  promiscuously  He.-.teU  i„  ttl^ZT  *^^r"*'^^'^«*'  ^^ile  the 
«bk.  w,.8  alone  away  from  all  ther^>8t  fe^rf?^',  ^'f «' "'^^  Incomprehon- 
Yankoes  lest  they  should  steal      H  ^s  nurl  I  /^\''' '"'''^  *^^^''«  ^'"e"^^ 
"ouH.    During:  the  forenoon  W.  5^^041^/      ^''  *"""^'>*«  '^"^^  l"ten- 

-.?^^  sr  iiT ^^s ;:;  -nr  ^?^^  - '-« -  wm  not  a. 

SI.;,    shall  consider  that  you  are  s  crlfloin.  "'  '"''^"^'^  P«^«-    'Then, 

-:'::ssScr?;:^^;t;Lr;r"^^^-^^--- his  stand. 

'"omon,  was  Intense;  not  uols    or  h^w  °^-    ^^®  excitement  at  this 

"-^tension,. ad  .radu^nyVefn^cLaS/rT^^  '""  ^"'^  "'•  "^^  ^  "' 

's  to  What  .he  EEgllshnaen  were  afIS  S  -,  h  ^''^  '^'''^  ''^^  '^'^'^°««t  anxiety 
from  taking  all  the  best.  Mr.  p1"e  •;^,"t:^,f:'^™l'^='"°'i  to  prevent  them 
T  .oy  had  not  come,  some  of  themTver  S  t^  """^'^  °'  ^^^  ^'''"^■•'"y- 
(^  Che,„,  John  spread-eagleism  but  fLr>  1  ">°"«'i«'l  miles,  to  hear  a  lot 
t^ease,ivemeyour  attentto^  nd  i\S:,''""'rf '  ^^'^''l^^  'Gentlemen 
The  2d  Duke  of  Oneida  wiVofght  Into  1  '^  «^«-»tion«  of  this  sale  : 
"•™.    'Win  anyone  make  me  ^n  off  ""  ^ng  while  1,..  was  re.adlng 

-"■■ds.   .Ten  thousand  dok^e-'lLf?:;  *^"  *'^«  ^"»''  were  the  „p  „  ng 
""cl  .0  the  «ale  began."   ^''''  *''^*'  ''^^  '^'^«^«'-  ^•'om  the  KentuekianT 


I 


444 


A   HISTORY   OB^   SIIOKT-nOUN   CATTLE. 


I! 


ment.  The  desire  to  possess  the  "pure"  blood, 
regardless  of  all  other  considerations,  had  taken 
firm  hold  upon  those  who  considered  that  the 
Duchesses  as  Bates  had  left  them  constituted 
the  crcnic  dc  la  creme  of  the  Short-horn  breed. 
The  National  pride  of  the  English  breeders  was 
appealed  to  with  success.  America  had  takon 
from  the  mother-land  what  many  of  the  Britons 
esteemed  as  the  highest  single  source  of  Short- 
horn excellence.  Hence  they  came  to  New 
York  Mills  prepared  to  heap  their  golden  guin- 
eas high  against  American  dollars.  History 
has  long  since  characterized  this  as  a  day  of 
monumental  folly,  but  as  the  event  stands  out 
in  bold  relief  as  the  crowning  sensation  of  the 
century  in  the  realm  of  stock-breeding  it  there- 
fore demands  adequate  record  in  these  pages. 
Some  idea  of  the  nature  of  the  scene  may  be 
gleaned  from  the  following  notes  made  by  an 
eye  witness— the  late  George  W.  Rust,  whose 
library  and  manuscripts  were  acquired  by  pur- 
chase by  the  author  many  years  ago: 

The  Duchesses  of  course  formed  the  attractive  feature  of  this 
sale :  and  in  the  lobbies  at  the  hotels,  which  were  thronged  with 
breeders  from  all  parts  of  this  country,  and  a  liberal  representa- 
tion of  English  breeders,  speculation  was  rife  as  to  the  prices 
which  would  be  realized.  It  was  rumored  that  the  Englishmsn 
(with  the  exception  of  Mr.  Kello,  who  represented  Mr.  K.  Pavin 
Davies,  with  whom  the  other  English  gentlemen  refused  to  encer 
into  any  arrangement)  had  a  private  understanding  as  to  which 
animal  each  person  would  bid  upon,  the  others  agreeing  not  to 
compete  with  their  countrymen  in  these  cases,  and  that  Earl  Bec- 
tive's  representative  had  brought  £13,00t)  (about  I70,000j  with 


THE   SENSATION   OF   SEVENTY-THREE.        445 

him,  and  it  hepan  to  be  whispered  that  some  of  the  females  wo.,M 
bnu-  as  high  us  «15,000  each.     This  sPnm..,1  i iL      /  u   .  "^*^ 

However;  and  as  every  one  took^r^,  ^    ,  ""  fabulous  price, 

tentions  ihero  wereranrpersL's  I^t^t^h  M  ""'T'  '"  ^""  ^'^• 
was  to  be  paid,  and  theV  oS  ity  of  ^I'lT  ''!f  ""^' 

siuKlo  animal  on  tlie  morrovv  wfw    hn    f  ^^''-O**"  beinpr  paid  for  a 

as  lonfT  as  the  lobbrereontZod  ^f  ''^'^  ?^^""' "' ^'^^"^^^'''^ 
tl-innod  out.  and  soon  Stor  n  Sht  iL^'''"''  '"""'"'^"^  '^^^ 
and  Short-horns  and  Duehres"'  a^^!  Tunrrrsa'^^^^^^^^^^^^ 

probable  events  of  theTay  etS  /h«  n  '?^'"  ^'^  ^"'  "'^^  '^« 
the  breakfast  hour  had  paLed?tl„M?''^''  °'  ^"-  ^^^^^^ 
startling  had  been  discovered  and  soon 'ftT  ''"!• '^"^  '^'^^  '^'^'^ 
delegation  from  Clark  Co    K^    wh!        '*  ^^^s  whispered  that  a 

had  been  raised  for  the  pur£;  ^f    jirorr   T''^  ^^"•"^''  "*^^«^ 

-.-.emindsofallwr'i.^rm\-^^^^^^^^^ 

Js^rd^reVsel^e^^^^^^^^^^  -^  *^^  -wds  had 

stables  orgathered  in  excited  il'  \ ''^  '^'^  "'"""^^'i  ^^e 
At  1  oN3lockMr  Paieanruneed^^^^^^^  ''^"'-"''  ^"^^'^  ^^'^"'^^«- 
had  gathered  upon  the  sS  with  tZ  I  """""  '"  attendance 
other,  and  the  reporters  and  cl^rk,  !.  '"^*'  '^°^"^  °°«  ^^«^«  an- 
tables^  The  iirst^animTl^d  tlXfZlZt  Jhf  '''''''  ''  ''' 

Bufe  ^f  Grev?S3r'out'o7l3Th'Drh^'  ^T.^'  ^^^«'  ^^  ^^^*^ 
Duke  Of  Thorndale  (2845  )'  M^A^exan'er'of  k"7'?  '^  ''''' 
him,  as  did  Mr.  T.  J  Me^ibben  of  thl  o       ^'^'1^"^'^^  wanted 

had  been  pending  between  them  «n^^^^^ 
transfer  to  Mr.  Megibben  of  Tr  ^"/'^^  ^^^'^^"^  booking  to  the 

These  negotiations,  however  were  n  -  ^„nn^\      ^  ^^^  '''■ 

of  the  price  demanded  by  Mr  ISandor  ^n  i  '/"  ^^"^'^q^ence 
successful  effort  to  reeo'^acile  tS liffer"^^^^^  "°- 

tioneer  was   making   his   nreliminnr,.  f'  ®  **^®  ^"''■ 

started  the  bull  at  liom  THp  ^  r  T""^'^''  ^-  ^egibben 
ered  in  a  little  knot  aiThe  fefc  oftf  'T''^'''  "^^^  ^^*^- 
the  bull  also,  and  the  opening  bd  fell  ^'"'^'T^"-  ^"'l  wanted 
-  and  gave  them  ^Z^^^IZ^:^ :^r^^^^ 


446 


mmi 


m 


IIIHTOHV   OF  8H0RT-H0KN   CATTLE. 


nervo  of  tho  j^otitlemon  who  wore  to  contest  with  them  thfl 
honors  of  tho  day.  "Eleven  thousand  dollars"  was  said  by  one 
of  thorn  in  an  apitatod  voice,  so  uncertain  and  tremulous  that 
mr.  fage  for  tho  moment  was  uncertain  whether  the  bidder 
meant  It  or  not,  and  then  thmr  heads  woro  laid  topother  ii.  aux- 
^ins  consultation.  A  number  of  Kentuckians  also  jfathored  around 
Mr  Megibbcn,  and  on  both  sides  of  tho  ring  there  was  a  L^rou,,  «f 
anxious  facos.  With  those  around  him  Mr.  Meglbben  made  a 
private  arrangement  for  tho  service  of  tho  bull  in  case  he  foil  to 
him,  and  to  carry  him  (as  we  afterward  learned)  past  »17  (MM)  be. 

M^M  "kJ^"'^"^  ^^"-  ^'  *'^^  ^''"""  »f  Kentuckians  separated 
Mr.  Megibben  raised  tho  bid  to  «12,000,  and  still  the  Englishmen 
consulted,  ft  was  evident  they  wanted  tho  bull ;  but  the  fornal  3 
were  naore  valuable,  and  they  were  of  tho  opinion  that  If  they  ad- 
vanced  the  price  of  him  to  tho  point  to  which  the  Kentuckians 
were  prepared  to  go  tho  price  of  the  females  might  be  correspo  d- 
iagly  advanced,  and  perhaps  put  altogether  beyond  their  reach 
Their  mmds  were  quickly  made  up  on  this  point,  and  the  3d  Duke 
of  Oneida  was  knocked  off  to  Mr.  Megibben  at  |12,0(K),  tho  highest 
price  ever  paid  to  that  moment  fc- a  Short-horn.  Then  the  cheer 
rose,  peal  on  peal,  and  the  more  distant  seats  of  the  stand  were 
deserted  and  their  occupants  gathered  closer  to  t^^e  scene  and 
clustered  like  bees  around  the  auctioneer 

1st  Duchess  of  Oneida  was  then  led  in.    She  was  a  red-and- 

Tut  f'su  n  f  "•  'tv'''"'  '"'  '^  '«*"  °"^«  ''  Thorndale  S) 
out  of  8th  Duchess  of  Geneva  by  8d  Lord  of  Oxford  (;]220O)  and  in 
calf  since  Dec.  10  to  2d  Duke  of  Oneida.  The  Clark  Co.  (I^  com- 
b  nation  started  iier  at  once  at  $15,000,  which  Lord  Skelmersdale 

nrnS"? H°K  T^'J.''^  '"'''^  *°  ^^*^'"""'  '^""^^^  ""*  «  ^id  of  ^2nm 

proffered  by  Mr.  George  Murray  of  Racine,  Wis.    His  Lordship 

brought  $00,000  for  the  purpose  of  buying  three,  and  his  bid  called 
upon  them  to  place  tho  half  of  it  on  the  head  of  a  single  animal. 
This  took  them  by  surprise,  and  to  gain  a  moment's  time  for  re- 
flection they  interposed  an  additional  bid  of  aioo,  upon  which  his 
Lordship  promptly  placed  another  $100.  The  Kentuckians  con- 
cluded to  follow  her  no  further,  and  then  Mr.  Kello,  the  represen- 
tative  of  Mr^  Davies  of  England,  advanced  the  $200  bid  to  W, 
which  Lord  S.  promptly  made  $400.  Mr.  Kello  and  Mr.  Brodheud 
(the  representative  of  Mr.  Alexander),  who  was  quietly  smoking 
n  the  rear  of  the  English  party,  which  by  this  time  had  gathered 
inside  the  fence,  bid  8500  simultaneously,  and  ¥30.0fM)was  his  Lord- 
ship s  response.    All  were  now  done  and  she  was  quickly  knocked 


THE   SENSATION   OF    8EVENTV-TIf KKE.        44? 

off  to  him  on  this  bid        rnnaHnnl.,™  1 

at  the  calviHK  sl.e  was  ou  "o      ha  hr7  T  "'."  '"*'  "^^  '"  '^'™°»^ 
esses     Thirtv  thmir.  ,    ,  M  ^^"^  bargains  of  all  tl.o  Duel,- 

"mom'     "none  :;?dt^^^^  >"":""'  '"^'"^^'^^'«'  ^^  ^-  '^ 

to  breulc  upon  the  mi^ronui  and  L  f  '"  "  '""'"'  ""^'^  ^'  ^««"«d 
never  witnessed  before  Men  shotj  V''  ""T  "'  °'^'^'^««'-'t  was 
were  waved  and  flung  wUd^virf  '•?"''^'''^"''  ^"^^''^  ''"^  hats 
nmnites  elapsed  be  or^  or  fni  n  m  k'  ''"  ""  '^'^''''  ^"'^  ^^^^'''^l 
Cleared  for  tLLt^e^rhr^crr'Jho'''  "^'^"'^  '^'^'^  *^°  '*°^ 

Of  Thorndale  (28458       Co  a.  Mk"'  °^  '^""''^'^  ^^  ^^'^^  Duke 
Which  follows  eve  yuuSralexc^^^^  ''  ''''  *'«  ^"^«''- 

treme  ligures.  She  was  led  around  t.  ''"'^  *"  '"P'^"'  '^^  ^"^^^  «^- 
•  contestants  eyeing  el'h  ofh^rT  m  .^^  s^^ "'  "l^t  T.'  ''' 
master  each  other's  intentions.  pZuyCoTmnLf  Tl'^H'^  *° 
«o,0(H)  and  the  ball  opened -«7  ooo^/www.'^/^''*'''^  ^"^^  "^ 
mm  by  two,  *12.0oS  by  two  fZ^wlTin  ^  *?'  *'?""  '^  *^°' 
tbat  it  was  impossible  to  see  flm  vvhot  h  k'i  "'"^'^  «"ccession 
thousand  five  hundred  makesTJvhTH'"  ^'^' '^^^  "'''^^^^« 
head,  which  thoEnghshmenfn    .i?^  bid,"  came  from  Mr.  Brod- 

m.  From  the  f„rthtsrof^'nin:"t'T(?"L^df"d  'T^' 
tucky  interposed  another  *500  whi/h  th  ^^  ,  ,  ^"''■'^  °^^^^"- 
000,  only  to  elicit  an  additirSwhLT  ''™"''  '""'^^  *^^'- 
head's  turn.    Mr.  Bedford   whlh^  vvhenlt  came  to  Mr.  Brod- 

saw  between  whom  the  competUion  laT'f  t '', ''"  '''''''  "«" 
token  that  he  would  nor^SerT  anltr^ttr'u  ''^^''  "^  " 
the  calf  was  declared  the  propert;  o?  M.^^ ,  .  """"^'^  ""*" 
The  audience,  who  becaa  to  JLTf       ^"  ^^^'^'^'^'^er  at  «1<»,000. 

the  English  gentlemen'::r!de^^^^^^^^^^^  '""'^'^  ^'"''^ 

Mr.  Brodhead's  victorv  w,th  th!         !  ''''''  '^^"^  '^"'  ^^^eted 

next  animal  to  come  undrr  ^  p^"^'*  1'''""^    'P'^^^"^^"    ^^'^ 
iiif  h  n„„i.„       i,  ^  ""'^^  ^^^'^-  image's  hammer  was  the 

Duke  ot  Oxford  (16184,  .!  ,.  ■  ''"«''«'""  Os"eva  by  Grand 
Oneida.    S  Morris  of  N™v    771  "i"""  ""  "^  ^'^  D""'  <>' 

'ire  to  m,{m  for  Mr  n..,r,-^     ^4,  "°  advanced  the  lig- 

made  it«Co  wreni^wT;"  .^  ^^^^"^^  ^^^  Earl  Bective 

trial  of  nerr";  had  notlpY'^'  there  was  to  be  such  a 
tuckians  bid  |>5.o2o  and  crKW  ",'?'"'"•  ^"^  «^  "^  ^- 
Mr.  Berwick  los  T^  time^nL^    "^         '^  ''''°"''^'  ^^'"*^'^'  ^^ich 

Brodhoad  advancers:  w.rr^B:rr^^^^^^^ 


^|i 


m 


44S 


A    HISTORY   OF   6U0RT-H0KN   CATTLE. 


done,"  and  started  to  leave  the  ring.  His  English  friends,  hovr- 
ever,  rallied  him,  and  he  exclaimed  in  an  excited  manner,  "Thirty 
thousand  dollars!  how  much  is  that  in  sterling?"  One  of  them 
pushed  him  again  to  the  front,  exclaiming,  ''Buy  her,  and  count  it 
afterward!"  but  not  until  Mr.  Kello  had  taken  advantage  of  his 
excitement  to  raise  the  price  to  130,500.  Mr.  Berwick  returned 
with  $31,000,  Mr  Kello  with  $100,  which  Mr.  Berwick  raised  to 
$500.  with  no  other  effect  than  to  bring  from  his  opponent  a  bid  of 
$32,000.  Mr.  Berwick  seemed  to  be  nettled  by  Mr.  Kello's  undis- 
turbed manner  and  added  another  $1,000,  making  $33,000;  and  Mr. 
KeUo,  not  at  all  dashed,  added  $500  more  without  delay,  and  then 
Mr.  Berwick  advanced  it  to  $34,000;  "and  $500,"  was  Mi-.  Kello's 
response.  Mr.  Berwick  put  on  enough  to  make  $35,000,  and  JMr. 
Kello's  flag  and  the  auctioneer's  hammer  came  down.  The  Amer- 
icans, who  had  not  made  a  bid  after  the  $26,000  and  were  aware  ' 
that  Mr.  Kello  had  not  been  permitted  to  become  a  member  of  tlie 
English  party,  watched  this  contest  between  the  two  Enplish  in- 
terests with  no  little  concern ;  and  his  opponents,  although  evi- 
dently feeling  they  had  paid  dear  for  the  victory,  were  in  high 
glee  that  they  had  won  it.  Of  course  the  price,  $35,000,  would 
never  be  equaled  again,  and  the  audience  gave  itself  up  once  more 
to  various  expressions  of  astonishment.  The  entrance  to  the  vins 
of  the 

8th  Duchess  of  Oneida  served  to  restore  order.  Another  roan 
she  proved  to  be,  calved  Nov.  18,  1872,  got  by  the  4th  Duke  of 
Geneva  7931  out  of  10th  Duchess  of  Geneva  by  2d  Duke  of  Geneva 
(23752).  She  was  started  at  $5,000  and  advanced  rapidly  to  *14,. 
000.  Between  this  and  $15,000  the  bids  were  quick  but  small,  bat 
she  finally  passed  this  point,  and  was  sold  to  Mr.  Berwick  for 
Earl  Bective  at  $15,.300.    Then  came  the 

13th  Duchess  of  Thoi-ndale,  red,  calved  Feb.  25,  1867,  got  by 
10th  Duke  of  Thorndale  (38458)  out  of  10th  Duchess  of  Thorndale 
by  2d  Grand  Duke  (12061),  served  July  8  by  4th  Duke  of  Oneida. 
She,  too,  was  started  at  $5,000  by  Col.  Morris,  which  was  douljled 
by  Col.  King.  Mr  A.  B.  Conger  of  New  York  added  another 
$1,000,  and  $1,000  bids  followed  quickly  until  she  was  declared  to 
be  the  property  of  Mr.  Conger  at  $15,000.    Then  came  the 

4th  Duchess  of  Oneida,  red,  calved  Jan.  17,  1872,  got  by  4tli 
Duke  of  Geneva  7931  out  of  13th  Duchess  of  Thorndale  by  10th 
Duke  of  Thorndale  (28458) .  She  was  started  by  the  English  party 
and  ran  up  in  two  or  three  bids  to  $10,000,  and  a  few  $500  bids  sent 
her  up  to  $13,000.  which  several  gentlemen  raised  to  $1.^.500.  and 
Mr.  George  Murray  made  it  $14,000  to  prevent  dispute,   Mr.  Brod- 


pi=*'h* 


I! 


THE   SENSATION    OF   SEVENTY-THREE.        449 

w  Lr  Snf  "'^'''  ""i'  Willingness  to  contend  for  her  by  advanc- 

mm-T,T"'  "°^  ^'-  ^-  ^-  Bedford  advanced  the  fig^Ieto 
H.),000,  and  here  it  seemed  as  if  the  battle  was  over  for  Mr 
Brodhead  came  back  with  only  $100.    Mr.  BedforlrespLS 

Holford  of  England,  considering  the  Americans  had  about  sot 

mrtT::^  't  ""''^v^  ^^^^^  ^^^'-^  she^tood  atVv 

Uoll^OOhff  .  .•^r'*''^  ^''  °^^  competitor  with  an  add  - 
n  aSnf  ^  ^U  1      "^^  'I'  Englishman  responded  with  a  11,000, 

Too  and  tht  Pr  f '  ^'"^''''^  ^'^"^^''^  interposed  ano  he; 
^m,  and  the  Englishman,  adopting  the  same  tactics    bid  $100 

r'.''v,^°A'^'/"°^''"^  "P  «^°^^-^'  ^100  ^t  a  time,  untU  Mr  Br^ 

^e  Kttucki'aJ'bid'  T'^''i  ^^^^^^''  ^^  ''  ^-^to^^akeT^ 
?  K    ^,  1.    '  ^'*^  «l'arply  $18,000.    And  to  show  that  he  could 

oTher$l  1  V^  '^.?o"^"^  ^"  ^^°'^^-<i  -^^-^  promptly  ^n. 
other  $1,000.  From  $19,000  to  $21,000  the  bids  were  $100  each  in 
most  cases,  and  when  that  point  was  reached  Mr.  Holford  selg 

tS   a'dMrT  r  "S  T^"^^  "^^*"^^^'^'  ^-PP^^  -t  :?  the 
contest   and  Mr.  E.  G.  Bedford  came  forward,  just  as  she  was 

about  to  be  knocked  off,  with  a  $500  bid,  Mr.  Brodhead  respoTid 

mg  with  a  similar  amount,  and  $500  mor^  was  bid  by  Mr  Meg?^ 

mV^ml  l?f'T'  1°^'  ""'^^  ^^°0  ^"™P«'  «he  advanced  to  $25,- 
000,  as  Mr.  Bedford's  bid.  Mr.  Brodhead  then  discovering  that 
It  was  one  of  his  Kentucky  neighbors  who  was  bidding  agains 

mTss':  E  G  Be'dV'^;'".'  ^  ^'^  "^^  ^^^'^^^^  ««  X'mto 
Messrs.  E.  G.  Bedford  and  T.  J.  Megibben  of  Kentucky  The  an- 
nouncement that  she  was  to  remain  in  this  country  again  made 
the  audience  extremely  demonstrative,  but  when  the 

8th  Duchess  of  Geneva  was  led  into  the  ring  a  tolerable  degree 
of  silence  and  order  was  restored.  She  proved  to  be  a  redTd! 
White  calved  July  28,  1866;  got  by  the  3d  Lord  of  Oxford  (22200) 
out  of  the  1st  Duchess  of  Geneva  by  2d  Grand  Duke  (  2961)  • 
served  June  1  by  2d  Duke  of  Oneida.  Being  seven  y.ars  old  and 
over,  and  having  produced  nearly  the  fuircomplem'^.nt  of  Slves 
which  this  family  of  cows  produce  in  this  country  it  was  not  ex 
pc.ted  that  She  would  sell  so  well  as  some  of  the'otheTsand  Mr." 
Kello  doubtless  expected  to  get  her  on  the  first  bid  when  he 
Placed  $10,000  on  her  head.  But  the  other  English  gentlemen  had 
agreed  among  themselves  that  Mr.  Kello  should  not  have  a  Duch 

wl  n  t  ^^'  """''"^  ^""^  ^^  ""'^  ^"""P  *"  *^^'<^  ^°d  the  audience 
were  at  once  overcome  by  the  excitement.  $16,000  and  $17  OW 
were  b>d  from  the  stand,  and  then  $20,000  by  two,  one  of  thZ 


ill 


ill 


I;' 


i! 


450 


i:i' 


A    1II8T0UY   OF    SHORT-HORN    CATTLE. 


ii:kr 


0^'°^^?'' \?  n^'''  '"""^  ^"""^^  ''"^  °*  "^«  E'^S"^^  party  made  it  $25 
r,",       S.^'i'  °'"'^"  ^*  ^''''^'  ^°^  ""^^  opponents  $30,000     S" 

WO  Then  $33,000  came  from  the  stand  (from  either  Col  RinJ 
Col.  Morris  Mr.  Murray,  or  G.  M.  Bedford),  and  wa^the  hiS  s^ 
American  bid,  and  Mr.  Kello  raised  that  to  $34,000,  whl  '1 
other  Enghshmeu  made  it  $36,000.  Mr.  Kello  he  ita  ed  but  re 
membenng  his  unsuccessful  contest  for  the  10th  Duchess  ofVT 
neva,  and  that  his  countrymen  had  combined  to  ru  e  him  out 
altogether  from  this  much-coveted  family,  he  determined  ^tak 
Lord  Skelmersdale's  advice  to  Mr.  Berwick  and  "bay  /ter  -'  and 
added  $500,  Which  brought  $;3r,000  from  his  opponent       '  r;.l' 

hot       T'''"  rf""  ^'-  ^^"°-    ^^^^^'^"y  t^i^king  that  one  m?re" 
bold  push  would  crowd  Kello  from  the  course  one  of  them  bd 

added  $100.    Here  she  seemed  likely  to  go,  but  Mr.  Berwick  added 

Mr.  Kello.  The  excitement  was  now  so  intense  that  everv  ind, 
vidual  m  that  vast  throng  seemed  to  hold.his  breath  the^Iience 
was  absolutely  oppressive,  and  broken  only  by  the  v^ords  o Mhe 

ZTrT Z^""'  ''T'  ''''''''■     ''^-ty-thousanTtl    ef- 
iZnln  ~..        It  "^""^  -  you  -  all  -  done  -gentlemen  ?  ■ '    Softlu 

rane  at  his  back,  ventured  another  $100.     ^^Fo,iu  mnu.n'.^f,. 
nunare,;  are  you  all  done  gentlemen.  "  were  th^  me     irXo'l 
Which  alone  broke  the  deathly  silence.    Reluctant  to  go  farTher 
still  more  reluctant  to  yield,  Mr.  Kello  stood  like  a  statue  vlht; 
every  eye  was  resting  upon  him,  and  finally  added  $^0  mo 

InxlsT        '^  '"'  ^"■""^'  ^"  '  ^'^^^P'  ^-P^*-'^'  tone,  a     f 
anxious  to  end  in  some  way  the  terrible  suspense.    "For^^.i 

sand  f,ve  Jnmared  dollars;  ^re  yon  all  done^    Once!    Twice 'SI 

imndrecl  and  in  time,"  and  she  was  knocked  off  to  Mr.  Kello  ^or  R 

Pavin  Davies  of  England.    One  long  breath,  and  then  the  diee^ 

went  up,  and  the  thousands  there  seemed  fairly  beside  them 

would' flir  ''r  ^^*^^r''^-*  *^-^-  Which  were  said  and  d  ne 
.vould  fill  a  volume.  A  few  minutes  were  given  to  allow  people 
to  recover  their  senses,  and  then  the 

in  Zrif?"'^'?'  1  ^ u'''^*  '^^'  ^"'^  ^"-^  ^^'^  «P"°^'«  «alf  (dropped 

Duchess  of  Geneva  by  ;M  Lord  Oxford  (22200).  Before  order  was 
restored  Col.  Morris  of  New  York  started  her  at  15,000.  Col.  Kin, 
ofMmncsota,  who  sat  beside  him,  mado  it  $10,000;  $11,000  acd^ia.- 
000  were  bid,  when  George  M.  Bedford  of  Kentucky  from  the  seat 


THE    SENSATION    OP    SEVENTY-THREE.        451 
behind  put  her  at  $15,000.    Mr  Richqr^  rih^^,,      u    i.   ^ 

a,.,!  Mr.  G.bson  went  «3,0OO  bettor  .till.    Twe„ty-ave    Lt^^' 

r.\rsr^?^j-';:a;:rroteri^^^^ 

Ti,„^«  *     ..  '"P^"t-u  CO  pay  it.i<,000  before  ho  secured  hor 

The  contest  was  a  short  nil p  ir.,i  fi,^  ^  ot^uuieu  ner. 

-•  I  u   J        .  ^' ^°" '"6  announcement  that  the  Fno. 

and  because  of  the  natural    "4tfoni^rltt'  "^"^^^^^''"  P^^^^l-. 
did  not  attract  so  much  attcntVon      Z  "'T'"''^  excitement, 

penal  Duko  (180S3),  m  calf  since  April  17  bv  '>d  n„ir«  r.f  r.      . 
She  had  the  Romeo  and  In-perial  nnki.,-  ?         ^''''''^''• 

and  besides  was  ei-^ht  years  old  n!dh  '  ''^  ^''  P"^^^^«^^ 

passed,  and  for  t^^rlZ^ ::^Zt^::]Zi^'^^ '''''' 
too  cheap,  however  and  fbn,.«  „•        "'".7^'^  but*oOO.    This  was 

by  Mr  Duncan  of  Tm?.       ^^^^f  ^^a.    She  was  .tarted  at  ^m 

Morris  ofTewYoVkX'Z^^^''^"''"^'  ^'^"^^^^  ^^  Col. 
G.  M  Bedford  4wr;  /a."     ,1""  ''''^'^^'^  ••^'^"'^'  ^oL  King  $1,000, 

«100.    Mr  Ho^  Wtl  of  'i        ,  < ;      '      '^^^'^  ^^"-  Brodhead  added 
finally  secul'd  7:1  at  So      '"'  ''^'"^"'  '^^  ''  «''-''^*^*-'  -^ 


ill  iiij 

I 

1  m 

'<  : 

m 

;      l:i/ 

452 


A   HISTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN    CATTLE. 


SUMMARY  OF  HIGHEST   PRICES   AND  AVERAGES. 

8th  Duchess  of  Geneva-R.  Pavin  Davi  -s,  England  M)  fim 

10th  Duchess  of  Geneva-fiarl  Bective,  England       "^'Z 

1st  Duchess  of  Oneida-Lord  Skelmersdale,  England  aoZ 

10th  Duchess  of  Oneida-A.  J.  Alexander.  Kentucky 07"Z 

4th  Duchess  of  Oneida-E.  G.  Bedford  and  T.  J.  Megibben' 

Kentucky ' 

7th  Duchess  of  Oneida-A!  J.'  Alexander '.'.".'.'. u^Zl 

3d  Duchess  of  Oneida-T.  Holford,  England  ^VZ 

8th  Duchess  of  Oneida-Earl  Bective Jg'T 

13th  Duchess  of  Thorndale-A.  B.  Conger,  New  York i^'im,) 

9th  Duchess  of  Oneida-Earl  Bective ....  m'Z 

12th  Duchess  of  Thorndale-A .  B.  Conger '.'.'.'.'.'.'.''.',    Jtqo 

2d  Duke  of  Oneida-T.  J.  Megibben,  Kentucky "  12  m 

4th  Duke  of  Oneida— Ezra  Cornell,  New  York  •y'a,^ 

7th  Duke  of  Oncida-A.  W.  Griswold,  Vermon  t  . ...  ^,'.',',[[[    4^000 

11  females  *  sold  for 1238,800 ;  an  average  of  |9i  \q,^ 

3  bulls  sold  for 23,600 ;  an  average  of       ^^i^Q 

14  Duchesses  sold  for  ... .  262,400;  an  average  of .'.[[  i8,'742 

Countess  of  Oxford-A.  B.  Conger. ...  3,0  uwi 

12th  Lady  of  Oxford-T.  Holford .;;■.; %'2 

2d  Maid  of  Oxford-A.  W.  Griswold eooo 

12th  Maid  of  Oxford-Col.  L.  G.  Morris,  Nc  w  York c'ooo 

10th  Earl  of  Oxford-A.  B.  Cornell,  New  York ....        o' 

2d  Countess  of  Oxford— A.  W.  Griswold 

6th  Lord  of  Oxford— Simon  Beattie 

3d  Maid  of  Oxford— Warnock  &  Megibben ............... 

6  f emalest  sold  for $31 ,200 ;  an  average  of  ... .  15  200 

3  bulls  sold  for .3,800;  an  average  ot  .........       I'you 

8  Oxfords  sold  for 35,000 ;  an  average  of 4,375 

Lady  Knightley  3d— Col.  L.  G.  Morris $5  qoo 

Lady  Knightley  4th— A.  W.  Griswold "  4000 

Lady  Knightley  2d— E.  K.  Thomas,  Kentucky 3100 

Lady  Bates  4th— E.  G.  Bedford 3 250 

Lady  Bates  6th— George  M.  Bedford ....[...'.['  2  800 

Lady  Bates  7th— A.  E.  Cornell '........'..'. 1  HOO 

Lady  Worcester  5th  ( Wild  Eyes)  — T.  Holford .... . . . . . . . . . .  3,'ioo 

•This  Is  exclusive  of  the  8th  Duchess  of  Thorndale,  that  w;i.s  huM  ,is 
burreu  to  C.  F.  Wadsworth  of  New  York  at  $460. 

+  Exclusive  of  7th  Lady  of  Oxfoj^,  sold  as  doubtful  breed.T  to  Ezra 
ComsiU  at  $4U0. 


2,r)00 
3,100 
1.300 
1,000 


THE    8ENSATI0N   OF    SEVEx\TY-THREE.        453 

Atlantic  Gwyrae-Lord  Skelmersdale .  ^J?? 

Brenda  (Bloom)-Col.  L.  G  Morris  ^'^^ 

Berlinda  (Bloom)-Col.  L.  G  Morris" ^'^^ 

Bloom  4th  (Bloom) -A.  B  Cornell      ^^^^ 

Beauty's  Pride  (Foggathorpe)-A  w"  Griswnirt ^'^^ 

Cherry  Constance  2d-T.  J.  Me'gi'bben !'52? 

Cherry  Constanc&-Col.  Kinsr                 ' 

Peri  4th-Col.  King                  ^^'^^ 

Peri  5th— Col.  King  .....', I'^'^O 

Moselle  (Mazurka)  -A."  W.  Griswold ^''^^ 

Rosamond  lOth-W.  R.  Duncan,  Illinois: i'Sn 

Victoria  7th— A.  W.  Griswold                   '    " 

Water  Lily-Bush  &  Hampton ' ^'^^'^ 

Roan  Duchess  3d-George  M.  Bedford .'.'.' ! '^^^ 


92  females  sold  for  s«V)  77;^ .  „»,  ' 

17  bulls  sold  for       %?';'!'  !?  !^"^^^  ""l «3, 


813 


or 

o 


'"-'»— '^'or ali'iU-r's:?:::  ■■■■•■'  S 

Kello's  mistake-After  the  sale  it  developed 
that  the  a,.ent  of  Mr.  Davies  hod  made  an  error 
m  estim,    a,g  American  currency  while  biddin 
the  atii  Duchess  of  Geneva  up  to  $40,600     Da- 
"m  ,"'1',''%"°*   disavowing   his  agent's  act 
cabled  Mr.  Campbell  to  resell  the  cow  and  he 
would  aojust  the.  difference  between  such  price 
as  iniglit  be  received  and  the  price  bid  by  Kello 
Campbell  wrote  to  Col.  L.  G.  Morris  stating  the 
facts  and  asked  him  to  make  an  offer  on  the 
cow.    MoiTis  replied  that  he  was  willing  to 
ake  her  at  the  price  made  by  her  daughter  at 
the  sale  VIZ.:  $30,000,  and   the  offer  was  ac- 
cepted.   Meantime  Davies  was  forming  a  syn- 
■licate  m  England  to  take  the  cow  at  the 


t  mw 


I 


454 


lllSTORy    OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


600  bid,  and  finally  cabled:  -Don't  sell  the  cow 
Have  arranged  to  take  her."  This  arrived  too 
late,  however,  as  the  trade  with  Col.  Monis  had 


being  forward  in  calf, 


been  closed.    The  c 

was  left  at  Mr.  Can:.;  3  farm  until  parturi- 

tion  should  take  plact;.    A  few  days  before  her 
time  she  dropped  a  fully-developed  dead  heifer 
calf,  and  soon  thereafter  the  cow  herself  died 
all  efforts  to  save  her  proving  fruitless  *     Mi-' 
Davies  then  sent  a  bill  of  exchange  for  $5  000 
to  Mr.  Campbell,  which  was  handed  over  to 
Col.  Morris,  thus  alleviating  to  that  extent  his 
lamentaljle   loss.     Morris   had  no  thought  of 
buying  a  Duchess  before  the  sale,  but  as  the 
bidding  progressed  and  the  "plums"  seemed 
falling  steadily  to  the  English  party,  Samuel 
Ihorne  remarked  to  Col.  Morris:    "It  is  a  pity 
there  is  no  American  Gunter  here."    This  was 
an  allusion  to  the  first  contest  for  the  posses- 
sion of  the  Duchesses  at  the  Tortworth  sale  in 
ii^ngland  m  1853,  as  noted  on  page  242     Upon 
that  occasion  Gunter  had  driven  out  to  Earl 
Ducie  s  without  the  slightest  idea  of  becoming 
a  bidder,  but  m  response  to  an  appeal  to  the 
patriotism  "  of  the  large  crowd  of  Englishmen 
present  to  prevent  the  capture  of  the  tribe 
bodily  by  the  Americans  he  entered  the  lists. 


'Or      1       ■     (i 


14  <J  I 

III  hi 


THE    SENSATION    OF   SEVENTY-THREE.        455 

Sources    of    deterioration.  -  England    was 
more  fortunate  than  America  in  her  Duchess 
investments;   or  it  may  be  nearer  the  truth 
to  say  that  in   the   hands   of  English   herds- 
men the  cattle  were  handled  with  better  judg- 
ment.    The  English   purchases  were  shipped 
late  in  the  autumn  of  1873.    Along  with  the 
Campbell  cattle  went  five  Princesses,  bought 
for  account  of  E.  H.  Cheney.    The  $35,000  10th 
Duchess  of  Geneva  produced  in  the  hands  of 
Earl  Bective  the  bull  Duke  of  Underley  (3374'5), 
that  became  a  sire  of  great  renown.   The  Duch- 
esses that  remained  in  America  failed  to  meet 
the  expectations  of  their  buyers,  and  throuo-h 
deaths  and  failures  to  breed  the  line  became 
extmct  on  this  side  the  Atlantic  within  ten 
years.    That  incestuous  or  long-continued  close 
breeding  tends  to  impairment  of  vigor  and  in- 
fertility does  not  admit  of  doubt.    The  Sheldon 
Duchesses  certainly  had  not  proved,  as  a  rule 
either  fruitful  or  long-lived  in  Mr.  Campbell's 
hands.    That  fact  is  shown  by  the  compara- 
tively small  number  of  females  in  the  herd  at 
the  time  of  the  dispersion.    Six  of  the  twelve 
bought  in  1869  and  1870  had  disappeared  be- 

up  and  down  the  road  during  her  distress  "to  make  her  calve  alsvl"    it  i«' 
also  related  that  one  of  Mr.  Alexander's  purchases  was  drlT^u  to  A  R^n 

M^Z  y^  Mmrfh  Z''T'"''^'  '"^  •'''  ''^''  ^°  "-  ^th'BuL"o?Gen?vr 
Ai  i.\(  w   JforK  Mills  the  Duchess  would  have  rlddon   nnH   h««  ..*.      ^ 

o^u  if  p.s™r"-;^'^r  ^'  ^^-^^^'^  o.:::o:x.^tlt.t:zz 

out  In  pasture,  and  a  thunder-shower  at  night  comnleted  thn  ioh     nT 

hSat  thenar  'r:^Tl'''^  contrasting  U  ISe  JSall^^rglven"^- 
ms  pete  at  their  York  State  home  Gibson  remarks:    "The  nigger  lived.'- 


i        ^h:f 


m 


II 


46G        A    HISTORY   OF    SHORT-HORN    CATTLE. 

fore  the  sale  of  1873,  leaving  no  offspring  in 
the  herd.     It  has  been  commonly  claimed  that 
tuberculosis  was  the  cause  of  this  and  the  sub- 
sequent mortality  and  lack  of  fecundity,  but  it 
has,  perhaps,  not  been  generally  known  that 
every  cow  and  calf  at  New  York  Mills  had 
contracted  from  the   English  importation  of 
1870  one  of  the  most  aggravating  of  all  bovine 
plagues,  foot-and-mouth  disease,  which  scourge 
during  the  years  18()7  and  1868  had  so  sorely 
tried  the  courage  of  Mr.  Booth  and  others  in 
Great  Britain.     The  only  two  beasts  upon  the 
farm  that  escaped  attack  were  the  bulls  4th 
Duke  of  Geneva  and  Royal  Briton.    A  frame 
that  had  been  used  for  shoeing  oxen  was  pro- 
cured from  a  blacksmith  away  in  the  woods  of 
Oneida  County  and  each  animal  had  its  feet 
dressed  daily;  even  the  cows  that  were  heavy 
in   calf    being    subjected    to    this    treatment. 
Aside  from   the   Hill  hurst  people,  who  were 
going  through  the  same  ordeal,  no  one  knew 
at  the  time  of  this  difficulty.    Linseed-meal 
gruel  was  provided,  and  as  a  result  of  care- 
ful nursing  no  deaths  occurred.     Like  la  grippe 
in  the  human  subject,  foot-and-mouth  disease 
in  cattle  is  chiefly  to  be  dreaded  for  its  after 
effects.     It  will  be  recalled  that  during  one 
season  (probably  1870)   after  the  disease  had 
been  prevalent  at  Warlaby  Mi-.  Booth  raised 
but  one  heifer  calf.    To  this  cause,  therefore, 


■    HH-i^n 


/•  ■ 


THE   SENSATION   OF   SEVENTY-THREE.        457 

Mr.  Gibson  attributes  most  of  the  troubles  of 
the  New  York  Mills  Duchesses  after  his  con- 
nection with  the  herd  ceased.* 

4th  Duke  of  Geneva.— As  the  chief  stock 
bull  in  service  at  New  York  Mills  this  bull  oc- 
cupied a  commanding  position  in  the  minds  of 
those  who  were  following  the  Bates  colors. 
Through  the  instrumentality  of  Ben  F.  Van- 
meter  of  Clark  Co.,  Ky.,  he  was  bought  in  the 
spnng  of  1873  for  the  joint  account  of  himself 
and  Abram  Renick  at  $6,000.  He  weighed  at 
that  time  about  2,000  lbs.  Mr.  Wright,  herds- 
man for  Mr.  Alexander,  had  looked  at  him  as  a 
yearlmg  with  a  view  toward  securing  him  for 
Woodburn,  but  left  him  on  account  of  his 
showing  at  that  time  a  defect  behind  the 
shoulder.  He  improved  in  that  respect,  how- 
ever, and  is  generally  credited  with  having 
proved  a  great  success  in  Kentucky,  to  which 

•  The  history  of  this  herd  reads  like  a  romance.  The  fight  against  fate  at 
nm  be  iniportailon  of  the  Booths,  the  first  purchase  of  half  the  Geneva 
^^n^^rV''  ^''«"^'-«'"->»  «^  '^^  B-"ond  and  the  final  Aspersion 
b,  ,t  ■  "''""*'  °'  Pecullarcircumstances.  Theclimax  was  a  success, 
but  that  success  was  not  commanded  by  superior  knowledge  nor  sagachy 

'    H.inug^    Old  Weehawken,  the  success  as  slros  of  American  Duchess 

f  f  *°  ^''^''''  •"""•  England's  competition  lu  the  sale-ring  and  a 

omi  ;;;  r  u  ""  ''^"'"'T'  '°  ^'-'"^  '^''°"'  ^'-^  asto.,.>ding  r..^Tt:  Two 
uomia    aterwewere  in  the  throes  of  financial  trouble.    The  gratuitous 

2  he  u  M  "'''"'  ''''''''^^■-'^y  1"  England,  and  above  all  thf tact  and  ski 
of  the  auctioneer,  wore  also  important  factors. 

.f.n^''''^^.''  satistied,  Mr.  Campbell,  100  head  of  cattle  can  be  sold  in  ar 
afternoon?  asked  the  auctioneer  after  It  was  all  over.  '•  I  am  aware  It  has 
been  done,  sir  -  rejoined  Mr.  Campbell;  and  the  attctioneeJ's  Te  was  two 


iliii '' 

1 

ITj.S 


A    niHTORY   OF   RHOKT-HOHN   OATTJ.K. 


Stat  lie  was  taken  May  1,  1873.  He  was  let 
to  forty  cows  from  other  herds  at  a  service  fee 
of  $150  eacli  witliin  a  year.  CW^s  were  turned 
away  during  the  following  year  after  services 
for  twenty  had  been  arranged  at  $250  oacli 
After  the  New  York  Mills  sale  Lord  Skelniers- 
dale  (afterward  Earl  of  Latham)  visited  Ken- 
tucky and  endeavored  to  buy  the  4th  Duke  of 
Geneva,  but  could  get  no  price  upon  him,  al- 
though intimating  that  lie  was  willint(  to  ive 
$16,000.  ^      ^ 

English  sales  of  1873.-At  Cheney's  sale  in 
July  thirty-five  head  averaged  £294,  14tli  Lady 
of  Oxford  making  905  guineas  fi'om  Earl  Be('- 
tive.  12th  Duchess  of  Geneva  935  guineas  from 
Sir  Wilfred  Lawson,  3d  Duke  of  Gloster  820 
guineas  from  Earl  Bective,  the  Gwynne  heifer 
Geneva's  Minstrel  COO  guineas  from  J.  P.  Fos- 
ter, and  an  American-bred  Pi-incess  cow  (Lady 
Sale  of  Putney)  470  guineas  from  Earl  Bective. 
At  Lord  Penrhyn's  sale  in  May  forty-one  head 
averaged  £210,  the  highest  prices  being  755 
guineas  for  Cherry  Duchess  14th  to  Earl  Bec- 
tive, 550  guineas  for  Waterloo  33g(  to  Lord 
Skelmersdale,  500  guineas  for  Waterloo  30tli 
to  F.  Leney,  and  505  guineas  for  Cherry  Duch- 
ess 20th  to  C.  A.  Barnes.    At  the  dispersion  of 
the  famous  herd  of  Col.  Tov  aeley  forty  head 
averaged  £l2G,  the  top  being  800  guineas  for 
6th  Maid  of  Oxford. 


LE. 


3  was  lot 
3vvice  lee 
re  turned 
:•  services 
J50  each, 
kelniers- 
ted  Ken- 
Duko  of 
Iiim,  al- 
'4  to  give 


m 


m  I  ■' 


i 


liHIl! 


if 


14th  duke  op  THORNDALE  (28459)  at  18  Months. 

So/ii /or  fiy^Qoo, 


H  k»  m  i 


^•tAt%  :i!^.v.,.. 


4th  duke  of  geneva  (30958)  at  Three  Yeaks. 

Used  at  Neiv  I'ork  Mills  a,..1  on  Renick  Hose  of  Sharons. 


CHAPTER    XVI. 


A   OOLDEiV   AGE. 

Tli(|  Ciimi)i)oll  sale  fairly  electrified  the 
iM-eediiig  fra,t(M-nity  on  both  sides  the  Atlan- 
tic, and  althongfi  followed  by  a  period  of 
financial  distnrbance,  yet  during  the  yeai-s 
iiiiinediately  succeeding  an  enormous  business 
was  done  in  Short-horns  at  both  public  sale 
aii.l  pi'ivate  treaty.  The  Central  West  still 
busied  Itself  with  the  fairs,  and  having  the 
requn-ements  of  the  ring  steadily  in  view  af- 
forded a  strong  market  for  show  stock  as  well 
as  tfn-  animals  of  the  prevailing  fashionable 
blood.''' 

Spring  sales  of  1874.-The  great  show  herds 
ot  tho  West  now  depended  very  largely  on  Can- 
adian importations  for  their  heaviest  "timber" 
Htock  of  the  high-styled,  "raiigy"  type  could 

BM.Mr.-Znc.r/iI'i'f '""""^  !"  '^"  '^''  °^  '''■'  -^^hn  Thornton  said:    "A 

rw„,.„.y.  but  If  the  mllkln,-  properties  aro  red-^ed   the  ^^11^  "!'" 
^.  to  a  level  with  other  b-eeds.  and  i:s  valJ^'^oXSlllJ^Sr^ 

(459) 


II! 


iJ 


460 


A   HISTORY   OP   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


:ii 


no  longer  win.     Mr.  Cochrane  had  fitted  out 
Col.  King  with  his  famous  herd,  and  other 
champions    had    found    their   way   into   the 
West  from  the  Dominion.    American  breeders 
were  frequent  visitors  in  Canada  in  these  days 
in  quest  of  show  stock.    It  is  related  that  a 
Western  buyer,  whose  ambition  exceeded  his 
judgment,  after  examining  the  stock  of  Simon 
Beattie  and  James  I.  Davidson  in  quest  of  a 
show  cow,  was  advised  to  look  at  an  animal 
then  in  the  hands  of  a  neighbor,  which  he  was 
assured  could  be  bought  for  $250.    After  start- 
mg  away  the  prospective  buyer  came  back  and 
gravely  asked  Mr.  Davidson  if  he  thought  the 
cow  in  question  was  as  good  as  Rosedale.    "A 
coo  as  gude  as  Rosedale  for  $250!"  exclaimed 
the  old  Scotchman   in   amazement.    "Weel, 
mon,  if  that's  a*  ye  ken  aboot  coos  ye  better 
gang   hame  where   ye    came    from."    Those 
Americans,    however,    who   attended    Simon 
Beattie's  sale  in  the  early  spring  of  1874  were 
of  a  different  class.    They  did  not  expect  to 
get  Rosedales  at  the  price  of  common  cows, 
for  it  was  here  that  George  Murray  of  Racine, 
Wis.,   bought  the  grand  roan  three-year-old 
show  heifer  imp.  Maid  of  Honor,  of  Game's 
breeding,  at  $2,600,  and  the  mixed-bred  imp. 
Lady  Gunter  at  $2,000.    C.  C.  Parks  bought  the 
roan  heifer  Malmsey,  also  of  Game  breedmg, 
at  $3, 100.    Gen.  Sol.  Meredith  took  Rose  of  Ra- 


A   GOLDEN  AGl. 


461 


cme  a  Bates-topped  Rosabella  by  Brideeroom 
and  her  he.fer  calf  at  $3,420,  and  Vhe'S 
imn  Buberta,  another  Garne-hrpd  1!  ^■ 
ported  by  William  Miller  L  18  9    at  ti  97"." 
On  April  8  at  John  Snell's  "ale  at  EdmS' 

S  ;'fr!f--'^^^°^  Iowa  paid  $1,225Z  Z 
Scotch-bred  imp.  Golden  DroD  Ut  tLl  -ut 
years  old,  and  $1  005  tnr7Z'  "  "'S^' 
heifer  Golden  Ci .t I'e  On  the  foC"  ^T""« 
H».h  Thompson's  .,1^"^  'SZ'oflt 

Oo.de„  Dropi:^.  tS-  l-S  ^^^ 
a  falling  to  Richard  Gibson's  biddiZat «.  nJ 
About  this  date  Mr.  Rigdon  Hus  tofof  Rl 
<l.".sville.  III.,  sold  the  lentncky-brPd  r.^  r" 

Herd  o   C  e"  Poffi    '      "    ^''^  ^^  **■«  ^uirkirk 

11  e  Combs  Wl"/'''-  ^'?'*  G-y-e. 
N,vmph  atTl  200  and  T  S  "p  ''  ft  "^^^"^ 
vania  paid  |1,060  fo"  PortulaccT"  "'  '^'"'"^^'■ 

males,  Col.  Judy  wielding  the  hammpr     t 


462 


A   HISTORY    OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


Gwynno  6th    Elliott  &   Kent    of    Iowa   gave 
11,600.     The  same  firm  bought  Mazurka  Duch- 
ess 2d  for  $1,520  and  for  another  Mazurka  B. 
B.  Groom  of  Kentucky  gave  $1,350.    Gen.  C.  E 
Lippincott  purchased  imp.  Malmsley  at  $1  m 
and  Irene  11th  at  $1,000.     Mr.  Megibben  took 
Oxford  Princess  at  $1,500  and  5th  Miss  Wiley 
of  Glen  Flora  at  $1,250,  and  Emory  Cobb  gave 
$1,425   for  4th  Louan  of  Glen  Flora.    J.  H. 
Kissinger  paid  liberally  for  several  cows  of  the 
Louan  family,  $1,825  for  one  and  $1,000  for  an- 
other.    Rigdon  Huston  took  7th  Louan  of  Glen 
Flora  at  $1,500  and  Avery  &  Murphy  of  Detroit 
2d  Louan  at  $1,825.    John  Niccolls  of  Bloom- 
ington,  111.,  was  also  a  free  buyer,  paying  up  to 
$1,825  for  Victoria  of  Glen  Flora.    James  W. 
Wadsworth  of  New  York  secured  Lydia  Lan- 
guish 2d  at  a  bid  of  $1,000.      For  imp.  Lady 
Oxford  H.  Ludington  of  Milwaukee  gave  $2,350. 
A  feature  of  this  big  sale  was  the  high  average 
of  the  Gwynnes,  eight  averaging  $1,100  each. 

Lyndale  sale  at  Dexter  Park.— Col.  William 
S.  King  made  a  memoraljle  sale  at  Dexter  Park, 
Chicago,  on  the  following  day,  May  21.  But  one 
specimen  of  the  popular  Bates  Duchess  family 
was  included,  and  in  view  of  this  fact  the  prices 
paid  were  considered  at  that  time  quite  as  ex- 
traordinary as  those  made  at  the  great  sale  at 
New  York  Mills.  A  summary  of  the  highest 
prices  and  averages  is  appended: 


A   GOLDEN   AGE. 


463 


2d  D,.lce  of  Hillhurst  12893-George  Robbins,  London,  Eng  814  000 
Lady  Mary  7th  (Princess)-Charles  F.  Wadsvvorth    Nevv 


Lady  Mary  8th-Charles  F.  Wads  worth J'Sl! 

Lyndale  Wild  Eyes-T.  J.  Megibben        ' 

Bell  Duchess-James  Wadsworth,  New  York !'??^ 

Peri  nth— James  Wadsworth.  ' 

Bell  Duchess  3d— T.  J.  Megibben *'^°^ 

Peri  4th-T.  J.  Megibben  ^'^'^ 

Lady  Mary  5th-Gen.  N.  M.' Curtis," New  York.' ! .' o'ooo 

8d  Malvern  Gwynne-T.  J.  Megibben  tn 

Miss  Gwynne-A.  W.  Griswold,  Vermont". '. t'T^ 

BaroD  Hubback  2d-C.  A.  DeGraff,  Minnesota ! ! ." ! o'^oo 

Pen  2d  of  Lyndale-Avery  &  Murphy,  Michigan       tt^ 

True  Blue  (buIl)-P.  A.  Coen,  Illinois  ^'L^ 

Peri  3d-A.  W.  Griswold  ^'^*^ 

Hubback's  Garland-William  "sodo^wsky,'  Illinois o'j^ 

Garland— T.  J.  Megibben                                            "'^'^ 

Bell  Duchess  2d-B.  B.  Groom,"  Kentucky I'l^ 

Miss  Leslie  Napier— C.  A.  DeGraff              ' 

Miss  Leslie-C.  A.  DeGraff              ^'^^^ 

5th  Lady  Sale  of  Brattleboro'-C."  F."  "Wadsworth I'Z 

Butterfly's  Gift-Maj.  S.  E.  Ward,  Missouri             ?C 

Gem  of  Lyndale—Maj.  S.  E.  Ward.                  ' 

Star  of  Lyndale— S.  E.  Ward         ^'^^ 

SdTuberoseof  Brattleboro-T."  J.  Megibben J2 

Florence— D.  M.  Flynn,  Iowa                           '^"" 

Constance  of  Lyndale  2d-A.  W.  'G^riswold; J'!2? 

Moselle  6th-A.  W.  Griswold                         '^^^ 

8th  Lady  Sale  of  Brattleboro-C."  F."  Wadsworth; I'Tl 

Roan  Prmcess— D.  M.  Flynn                                    ' 

Constance  of  Lyndale  3d- John  R:"craig;'ca'nada I'tZ 

Mazurka  of  Lyndale-S.  Meredith  &  Son  Indiana.' iS 

M  Lady  Gvvynne-T.  J.  Megibben  ,'^^ 

Oakwood  Gwynne  2d-Gen.  N.  M.  Curtis J'fJ^ 

Mazmka  of  Lyndale  3d-J.  H.  Kissinger,  Missouri '4?? 

Mayflovver-E.  L.  Davison,  Kentucky  J',*!f 

Medora  14th~John  R.  Craig  ^'*^^ 

Scottish  Lady-S.  W.  Jacobs, 'lowa J'^^ 

June  Flower-J.  G.  Coulter,  Ohio. ..." J'f^ 

5S  females  sold  for $101,615;  anayeragcof* jlll 

:  .  "!'^  f^   f •^S.ir.^ ;  an  average  of . .   ^''o'' 

.9  animals  sold  for 126,990;  an  average  of        ' J'J^ 


„f. 


!,lf 


M. 


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464 


A   HISTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


The  sale  of  2d  Duke  of  Hillhurst  to  the  Eng- 
lish bidder  was  not  consummated  on  account 
of  delay  in  making  settlement.    It  is  included 
in  this  report,  however,  for  the  reason  that  the 
sum  of  $13,900  was  bid  in  good  faith  for  the 
bull  by  Hon.  John  Wentworth  of  Chicago.    Mr 
Wentworth  had  started  the  bidding  at  $12,000 
The  contest  from  that  point  up  to  $13,000  was 
between  ''Long  John"  and  the  Englishman 
George  Murray  of  Wisconsin  thmi  entered  the 
competition   and  carried  the  price  to  $13,800 
A  bid  of  $13,900  was  made  by  Mr.  Wentworth 
which  was  raised  by  Robbins  to  $14,000.    It 
was  stated  that  Robbins  was  bidding  for  joint 
account  of  Lord  Dunmore,  Earl  Bective  and 
Col.  Gunter  of  England,  and  as  the  price  was 
the  largest  ever  made  up  to  that  date  for  a  bull 
of  any  breed  in  any  country  the  result  was 
greeted  with  hearty  cheers.    Robbins  left  for 
Buffalo  the  evening  of  the  sale  for  the  alleged 
purpose  of  drawing  the  funds,  but  on  Saturday 
telegraphed  Col.  King  that  he  must  go  to  New 
York  to  complete  his  arrangements.    Feeling 
that  he  had  given  him  reasonable  time  Co], 
King  wired  in  reply  that  he  did  not  consider 
himself  bound  to  delay  any  longer,  and  that 
the  2d  Duke  would  return  to  Lyndale.    Rob- 
bins was  a  fraud  pure  and  simple. 

A  noticeable  feature  of  this  sale  was  the 
great  price  made    jy  the  Princesses  and  the 


A   GOLDEN   AGE. 


466 


comparative  lack  of  appreciation  of  the  Booth- 
bred  ots     Mr.  De  Graff  resold  Baron  Hubback 

otw  w'  f '"  ^^  ^-  S"™""'-  «>f  Connecticut. 
T  ?  .Y®^*^™  events—At  Cambridge  City 
Ind.,  on  the  day  following  this  exciting  event 
Gen.  Meredith  &  Son  sold  fifty-three  head  at 
an  average  of  |454,  the  thirty-nine  feiml« 
bringing  120,985,  an  average  of  1515  fS/ 
Royal  Duchess  2d  Hon.  T.  C.  Jones  and  G.  J 
Hagerty  of  Ohio  gave  |2,000,  and  Avery  & 
Murphy  took  Joan  of  Arc  at  the  same  price 
Til         m'^^T.  *  ^°"'  ^^^^  ^  ^^^'e  ^^  Tallula,' 

K'fimf     If'  ^X":^''^  ^«"-  Lippincott  paid 
|.>,800  for  Cherub  2d  and  $1,600  for  Duchess  of 
Sutherland  4th.    Several  Sauspareils-then  a 
new  sort  m  the  West-sold  at  high  prices 
Messrs.  James  N.  Brown's  Sons  of  Berlin  111 ' 
paying  12,250  for  two  females  of  that  family' 
Gen.  Mei-edith  gave  $1,000  for  Mazurka  20th 
and  J   H   Kissinger  $1,025  for  Rosettie  4th. 
Ihe  thirty-four  females  sold  averaged    $630 
and  eleven  bulls  |950.    About  this  dfte  Mr  S 
F.  Lockridge  of  Indiana  bought  the  Booth- 

tT'Im?"*'''  ''""  ^"^-^  Strathallan  from  Mr 
John  Miller  of  Canada  for  $2,500.  J  H  Eis' 
singer  disposed  of  forty  head  at  auction  at  an 
average  of  $427.50,  Mr.  Pickrell  paying  $1  675 
for  Bride  15th.  Messrs.  J.  H. 'pote%  Son 
made  hberal  purchases  upon  this  occasion, 
w.  K.^Uuncan  s  sale  made  an  average  of  $525 


I 


'       fir 

|M';f 


I   ,  I 


1.1 


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i     M             '      ■ 
1 

1  • 

1 

,  1 

\  - .i      \ 

466 


A   HISTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN    CATTLE. 


on  twenty-Six  head,  George  Otiey  giving  ,^1  500 
for  Rosamond  10th,  P.  A.  Coen  $1  000  for  M. 
zurka  34th,  Gen.   Meredith   $1,025   for  Rosa 
jnond  7th  and  J.  H.  Pickrell  $1,500  for  La Ty 

&  1.  M.  Taylor  disposed  of  thirteen  females  at 
an  average  of  $843,  including  six  Louans  that 
averaged  $1,399  each,  Louan  6th  of  A)p 
E  W'  t?,f  ^■^t^;^\7509,  bringing  $2,110  fL 
E.  W^  Miller,  Lula,  111.;  Louan  4th,  by  Baron 
iiooth  of  Lancaster,  $1,760  from  John  Niccolls 

^   oS^T'^'^n^^'/^.f  ^    5th   (by  Aristocrat) 
$1,.00  from  Claude  Matthews,  and  Louan  3d 

Cobb  ""^  ^"''^'*'^'  '^^'^^^  ^''''"'  ^'^°'y 

Kentucky  summer  sales.-The  Kentucky 
auction  sales  of  1874  were  largely  attended 
and  made  some  big  averages.  At  Hughes  & 
Richardson's  eighty-eight  head  averaged  $581 

^f/.^t"  ^'^  ^^^'^^^  ^^'1'^^'  ^^^^^^^^  ^wynne 
Sl,675,  Minna  of  Elkhill  $1,905  and  Loudon 

Duchess  6th  $l,775-all  to  Kentucky  buyers- 

^fonn    ^'^^"'!?'''    ^^'    ^^'^^^'   ^''^^   Wilda,' 
UJm,  to  Gen.   Meredith;   Louan  of  Elkliill, 

$1,025,  to  Leslie  Combs;  Louan  5th  of  Elkhill,' 
$1,100,  to  J.  H.  Kissinger;  Louan  4th  of  Elk- 
hill, $1,100,  to  W.  N.  Offutt;  Mazurka  Belle  2d, 
$1,000,  and  Lady  Newham  10th,  $1,050,  to 
Theodore  Bates;  Bertha,  $1,640,  to  Bush  & 
Hampton.    At  E.  L.  Davison's  Gen.  Meredith 


for  Ma- 
r  Rosa- 
or  Lady 
rs.  B.  Z. 

nales  at 
^ns  that 

Pop  1  al- 
io from 
'  Bai'on 
STiccolls 
4ocrat) 
-lan  3d. 

Emory 


ntucky 
tended 
t,'hes  & 


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Wynne 

iOudon 

myers; 

Wilda, 

llkl.ill, 

llkhill, 

f  Elk- 

lle  2d, 

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ish  & 

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^;   ■      V  -    ^ 
■■  ■■     ii     ■' 

A    GOLDEN   AGE. 


467 


^idce   4th      Walter  Handy  gave   $1,150   for 
Louan  of  Wavoland  and  J.  R.  Shellev  of  Tlli 
nois  $1,250  for  Mazurka  37th.    At  fcock  & 
)IoK,bben  s  seventy-eight  head  averaged  $457 

nu^l^\^u^'""^  giving  11,700  for  Airdrie 
Hoi  0,  Col  W.lliam  E.  Sim„s  $,,800  for  Eo  e 
ackson  K,rk  &  Cunningham  of  Ohio  $1  550 
or  Cambridge  Rose  3d,  Ed  Thomas  $1,300  or 
Miss  Stonewall  Jackson,  Col.  J.  B  Tavlor  of 
Cana,,a  $1,000  for  Cambridge  Rose  2df  Joh„ 
N.0CO  Is  &  Sons  $1,525  for  3d  Mazu ka  of 
Voodlawn,  Abner  Stmwn  of  Illinois  $1,735  for 

4^"for'f  °^«P™g--<l  »d  Mr.  Lgibben 
$2.47o  for  two  females  of  same  family;  etc.  At 
this  sale  held  July  28,  Mr.  George  W  Rust 
e  ,tor  of  the  NaHonal  Lioe-StockLrnal  It 
the  victim  of  a  murderous  assault,  narroX 
escaping  assassination.  The  affair  grew  out  of 
chaises  made  through  that  paper  in  1878  i„ 
i-elation  to  the  pedigree  of  the  famous  Shron" 
shire  show  heifer  Fanny  Forrester  ^ 

Ben  F.  Van  Meter  sold  thirty-four  head  for 
v!;!^'   *\/!fage   of   $539.    A>am    Van 
Meters  eighty-three  head  averaged  $565     A 
notab  e  private  sale  in  the  fall  of  this  yeat 
was  he  transfer  of  four  head  by  David  Selso 
of  0  .0  to  Mr.  Keyes  of  Wisconsin  for  $4  000 
and  three  head  from  same  herd  to  an  Obi  ,' 
party  at  $3,000.  ^"^ ' 


1  =  : 


468 


A   HISTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


Closing  events  of  1874.— The  great  events 
of  the  autumn  of  1874  were  the  sales  of  E  G 
Bedford  and  B.  B.  Groom  in  Kentucky.    At  the 
former  seven  head  of  Loudon  Duchesses  sold 
for  $24,650,  an  average  of  $3,521,  four  hehm 
bought  by  Kentuckians— C.  M.  Clay,  T.  J.  Me- 
gibben  and  Ben  F.  Bedford— and  three  by  Illi- 
nois   breeders,  J.   H.  Spears   taking   two  at 
$2,250  and  $2,000  respectively  and  Col.  Kobert 
HoUoway  one  at  $2,700.    The  highest-priced 
one  was  the  $6,000  Loudon  Duchess  9th,  that 
was  bid  off  by  B.  F.  Bedford!    At  this  same 
sale  S.  F.  Lockridge  gave  $1,700  for  Cora  3d, 
E.  L.  Davison  paid  $2,075  for  Cannondale  2d' 
E.  K.  Thomas  $2,325  for  Lady  Bates  4th,  two 
Louans  brought  $2,225,  the  21st  Duke  of  Air- 
drie  $7,000  from  J.  H.  Spears,  Loudorx  Duke 
19th  $3,500  from  W.  R.  Duncan  and  Loudon 
Duke   15th   $2,100  from   S.  Meredith  &  Son. 
The  thirty-five  head  averaged  $1,672.    At  the 
Groom  sale  119  head  sold  for  an  average  price 
of  $573,  twenty-two  head  commanding  prices 
ranging  from  $1,000  up  to  $2,550,  the  top  price 
being  paid  by  C.  C.  Childs  of  Independence, 
Mo.,  for  Bell  Duchess  2d. 

JSTo  less  than  2,592  head  of  Short-horns 
passed  through  the  sale-ring  in  America  dur- 
ing 1874,  bringing  $1,004,159,  an  average  of 
$387,  the  great  year's  business  closinj?  with 
the  private  sale  of  the  2d  Duke  of  Hillhuist 


A   GOLDEN    AGE. 


469 


and  of  the  10th  Duchess  of  Airdrie  and  six  of 
her  descendants  to  Hon.  M.  H.  Cochrane  by 
lol.  Wilham  S.  King  and  Mr.  George  Murray 
at  terms  not  made  public  but  known  to  be 
extraordmary.  The  transfer  of  the  7th  Duke 
of  Uueida  from  A.  W.  Griswold  to  Mr  A  J 
Alexander  of  Woodburn  Farm,  Ky.,  for  $10,000 
has  also  to  be  noted  at  this  time. 

The  public  sales  in  England  of*  the  year  1874 
were  sixty-eight,  aggregating  2,165  head,  at  an 
average  of  $323  each,  a  total  sum  of  $702  556 
bemg  236  animals  more  than  in  1873,  and  at  an 
increased  price  of  $45  per  head,  yet  lower  by 
$69  each  than  the  American  public-sale  prices 
1  he  exceptional  sales  in  England  were  those  of 
Messrs.  Leney  &  Sons,  of  forty-one  head,  at  an 
average  of  $1,458;  Duka  of  Devonshire,  forty- 
hree   head,    $1,913;    Earl    Bective,    fifty-live 
head,   $1,816;    E.  H.    Cheney,    twenty  seven 
head,  $2,095-all  of  Bates  blood 

The  sales  of  1875.-There  seemed  no  abate- 
ment  of  public  interest  as  the  trade  of  1875  was 
inaugurated.  As  in  the  previous  year,  the  in- 
itiative  was  taken  by  Canada.  John  R  Craiff 
made  a  sale  of  thirty-three  head  at  an  average 
ot  $5  8,  Col.  Robert  Holloway  of  Illinoriead- 

ad  1625  for  the  Scotch-bred  Miss  Ramsden 
0  \  ^f fl^^  Warnock  of  Kentucky  took  Peri 
Pink  at  $1,350  and  W.  E.  Simms  of  Kentuckj^ 


It 

If 


I. 


h   I 


li 


I 

1 

i          i 

.    r   N     ,  ; 

470        A    HISTORY   OF   SHORT-IIOIIN   CATTLE. 

bought  Mystery  at  $1,175.    Ware  &  Mdiood- 
win  of  Kentucky  secured  Campaspie  ;W  for 
$1,000.    A  still   better  sale  was  that  of  Wil- 
liam Miller's,  where  thirty-five  animals  com- 
manded  an  average  of  $588.    Col.  llollowuy 
was  a  liberal  buyer  upon  this  occasion  also,  se- 
curing Princess  of  Atha  for  $725,  Wave  Duch- 
ess at  lOGO  and  the  Kinellar-bred  Golden  Drop 
2d   at   $775.    Still  Bates   blood  was  on  top, 
Ware  &  McGoodwin  paying  $3,300  for  Fennel 
Duchess  7th  and  $1,200  for  Fennel  Duchess  of 
Lancaster.     B.  B.  Groom  took  the  Craggs  7th 
Duchess  of  Winfield  at  $805  and  Warnock  the 
Bell-Bates  Duchess  of  Springwood  at  $1,225. 
Birrell  &  Johnston  of  Canada  also  sold  some 
good  cattle  in  this  series,  including  two  Scotch 
Golden  Drops  that  fetched  $850  and  $550  re- 
spectively from  local  buyers.    That  a  lively 
trade  at  full  figures  was  to  characterize  the 
year  in  the  Central  West  was  foreshadowed  by 
the  spring  sales  as  well  as  by  the  private  trans- 
fers.   Mr.  Pickrell  received  $1,000  early  in  the 
year  for  the  young  bull  Breastplate  Louanjo, 
by  the  famous  Breastplate  out  of  a  Louan  cow 
by  imp.  Baron  Booth  of  Lancaster,  the  buyer 
being  B.  Vantress  of  Maiden,  111.    In  Virginia 
George  W.  Palmer  sold  a  Craggs  cow  to  A.  M. 
Bowman  at  $1,700.    Vol.  IV  of  the  Kentucky 
Short-horn  Record  was  announced  as  ready  for 
delivery  at  $8,  a  price  quite  on  a  parity  with 


A   GOLDEN   AGE. 


471 


pn'VJiilm^r  values  for  cuttle.  In  March  Wil- 
liam Stewart  of  Illinois  held  a  successful  sale 
at  which  Mr.  R.  H.  Austin  of  Sycamore,  111.' 
gave  $1,900  for  Isfc  Duchess  Louan  and  $1  500 
for  2d  Lady  of  Racine.  N.  P.  Clarke  of'  St 
(Moud,  Minn.,  entered  the  lists  here,  taldu'r 
iiinong  other  lots  Caroline  6th  at  |810.  Dur"- 
in^^  this  same  month  Col.  Holloway  journeyed 
to  Mr.  Cochrane's  and  bought  the  4th  Duke  of 
Hillhurst  for  $7,000,  and  Messrs.  (inmes  and 
Montgomery  of  Ohio  sold  the  3d  Duke  of 
Oneida  to  Ware  &  McGoodwin  of  Kentucky 
for  $12,000.  ^ 

Glen  Flora  dispersion.— The  closing  out  of 
the  Glen  Flora  Herd  of  Mr.  C.  C.  Parks  at  Wau- 
kegan,  111.,  in  April  drew  out  a  great  attend- 
ance from  far  and  near  and  resulted  in  an 
average  of  $G12  on  122  head  of  cattle.    The 
best  prices  of  the  day  were  as  follows:    $2,500 
for   Peri   of   Jiiirview    from    Mr.    Megibben- 
12,000  for  Oxford  Bloom  4th  from  same  buyer' 
$2,000  for  Bright  Eyes  Duchess  2d  from  Georc^e 
Otiey;  $1,800  for  Gth  Duchess  Louan  from  N.  P. 
Clarke  and  $1,600  from  same  buyer  for  Peri's 
Duchess;  $1,500  for  the  bull  Baron  Bates  3d 
11382  from  George  Otley;  $1,325  for  Victoria  of 
Glen  Flora  from  Mr.  Megibben;  $1,200  for  2d 
Rose  of  Racine  from  H.  P.  Brown  of  Minne- 
q)olis;    $1,225  for  Oxford   Gwyiine  5th   from 
A^illiam  Miller,  Atha,  Ont.;  $1,850  for  Princess 


II: 


H   I' 

I!      ! 


1                     ir 

Mr 

: 

ip 

'                   i     ;       ' 

472        A    HISTORY    OF    SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 

of  Oxford  7th  from  N.  P.  Clarke;  $1,550  for 
Atlantic  Gwynne  2d  from  George  Grimes  of 
Ohio;  $1,200  for  Princess  Gwynne  and  a  like 
sum  for  Oxford  Bloom  from  J.  R.  Shelley  of 
Illinois;  $L200  for  Jubilee  Gwynne  2d  from 
Mr.  Grimes,  etc.  Large  purchases  were  made 
by  Hon.  William  M.  Smith,  Lexington  III 
Albert  Crane,  Durham  Park,  Kan.,  and  many 
others  afterward  prominent  in  the  trade 

Kissinger's  sale.— This  important  sale  was 
followed  by  another  from  the  herd  of  J.  H 
Kissinger  of  Missouri,  who  received  an  average 
of  $606  for  forty-one  head.    It  was  here  that 
Ed  lies  gave  $2,200  for  the  bull  Kissingers 
Breastplate  17476,  sired  by  old  Breastplate  out 
of  im.p.  Primula  by  Falstaff  (21720).     The  same 
buyer  also  took  Mazurka  of  Linwood  at  $1,600. 
George  Otley  increased  his  investment  in  high- 
priced  stock  by  paying  $1,180  for  3d  Louan  of 
Linwood  and  $1,650  for  Orphan  Gwynne.    Al- 
bert Crane  bought  Miss  Wiley  of  Linwood  at 
$1,200  and  J.  H.  Spears  &  Son  gave  $1,000  for 
Illustrious  3d. 

Elliott  &  Kent.— This  Iowa  firm  had  been 
liberal  Imyers  of  cattle  for  several  years  and 
this  spring  placed  sixty-one  head  on  the  mar- 
ket that  averaged  $559.  The  sensational  event 
of  this  sale  was  the  purchase  of  the  Princess 
cow  4th  Tuberose  of  Brattleboro  by  Col.  Rob- 
ert Holloway  at  $3,500  and   the  high  price 


A   GOLDEN   AGE. 


473 


brought  by  other  specimens,  of  that  famous 
old    family.     W.    E.    Simms    of    Paris     Kv 
paia  $1  810  for  2d  Red  Rose  of  Brattl'ebom' 
^eorge  Grimes  of  Ohio  gave  $1,550  for  13th 
Lady  bale  of  Brattleboro  and  $1,150  for  39th 
Lady  Sale  of  Putney.    J.  R.  Shelley  took  37th 
Lady  Sale  of  Putney  at  $1,050.    All  these  were 
piiinanly  descended  from  the  Stephenson  Prin- 
ce.-,,, tribe,  from  whence  Mr.  Bates  obtained  Bel- 
mlere     At  this  sale  A.  Ludlo..  of  Monroe, 
Wis.,  bought  Mazurka  Duchess  2d  at  $1700 
and  Albert  Crane  took  Louan  5th  of  Elm  Grove 
at  $1 .400. 

Spears  and  the  Nelly  Blys.-J.  H.  Spears  & 
bon  made  a  memorable  sale  this  spring  which 
had  for  Its  most  interesting  feature  great  prices 
tor  a  family  of  cows  built  up  in  their  herd  from 
a  descendant  of  the  roan  cow  Lady  Elizabeth 
by  Emperor)    brought  out  from  England  in 
lb39  oy  the  Fayette  Co.  (Ky.)  Importing  Co 
and  sold  at  their  sale  for  $G60.     These  Nelly 
Blys   as  they  are  still  called,  were  fine  show 
cattle,  as  well  as  capital  breeders,  and  at  this 
sale  nine  head  of  cows  and  heifers  belonging?  to 
It  sold  for  $11,350,  an  average  of  $1,261     The 
top  price  for  these  was  $1,825,  paid  by  Mrs 
Kiniberly  of  West  Liberty,  la.,  for  Nelly  Bly 
4tli.    Most  of  thom  were  daughters  of  Gen 
-nmt  4S25.    Still   higher  prices  were  made' 
however,  by  a  pair  of  Loudon  Duchesses,  the 


11 


101 


i  p 


474        A    HISTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 

13th  and  17th  of  the  line,  the  former,  Ijy  5th 
Duke  of  Geneva,  going  to  S.  W.  Jacobs  of  West 
Liberty,  la.,  at  $3,200,  and  the  latter,  by  21st 
Duke  of  Airdrie,  to  E.  K.  Thomas  of  North 
Middletown,  Ky.,  at  $2,750.    Mr.  E.  C.  Lewis 
paid  $1,600  for  Magenta  2d,  by  Gen.  Grant,  and 
J.  R.  Conover,  Petersburg,  111.,  took  her  dam. 
the  McMillan-bred  Magenta,  by  Plantageneti 
at  $1,325.    James  N.  Brown's  Sons  of  Grove 
Park,  Sangamon  Co.,  111.,  paid  $1,995  for  High- 
land Lady  2d,  by  Royal  Oakland  9034,  trachig 
to  imp.  Western  Lady,  by  the  celebrated  Grand 
Turk  (12969).    This  cow's  heifer  by  Col.  Towiie- 
ley  13691  went  to  Mr.  Conover  at  $1,750.   C.  W. 
Goff  of  Monmouth,  III,  bought  14th  Louan  of 
Woodlawn,  a  daughter  of  the  Woodluu-n-bred 
Laudable  5890,  at  $1,650.    Duchess  of  York  9th, 
a  Canadian-bred  roan,  fetched  $1,000  from  Al- 
bert Crane.     The  imported  cow  Lady  Higli- 
thorn  was   bought  by  Mr.  Conover  at  UMO. 
The  Cruickshank  cow  Violet's  Forth,  then  in 
her  ninth  year  and  belonging  to  a  family  of 
cattle  practically  unknown  at  that  time  in  the 
West,  went  to  Mrs.  Kimbei-ly  at  $1,000.    The 
21st  Duke  of  Airdrie  was  purchased  by  Gen. 
Lippincott  at  $10,500.     The   forty  head  sold 
brought  an  average  of  $1,163. 

Pickrell's  great  sale.— J.  H.  Pickiell's  sale 
of  twenty-three  head  at  Decatur,  111.,  April  27. 
1875,  at  an  average  of  $1,265  stands  n(^xf  to 


A   GOLDEN  AGE. 


475 


Col  King's  Dexter  Park  average  of  1874  as  the 
h.gl;e.t  ever  made  ia  the  Western  States  Tie 
.eebiuted  show  bull  Breastplate  11431  for 
"iuch  Mr.  Pickrell  had  paid  $6^000,  was  bought 
''y  "^«- K-mberly  for  |6,100.  Thi^  bull  waf  a 
reel,  bred  by  Hon.  M.  H.  Cochrane  fro"  sTar  of 

Bbthe  (221 26)  He  was  largely  of  Booth  blood 
and  at  the  shows  of  1872  and  1873  had  won 
over  $1  000  in  cash  prizes.  Some  fine  splT 
mens  of  the  Bedford  Bride  family  and  chc^ce 
show  things  of  the  Louan  sort  brought  "four 

™l  7nw  rt'i  V  ™''f''^  P'^'''  *2,850  for  the 
ed  cow  Lady  Bride,  by  imp.  Baron  Booth  of 
Lai^aster  out  of  Bride  15th  by  Airdrie  2478 
E.  W.  Miller  Raymond,  HI.,  took  the  splendid 

Hm  Sa'Ien^"''  °'  ^'^"•^^^^^^  heiforVouan 
1  ;  ,„  "  *'^'''"'  y*'^''^  oM,  at  $2,000     Wil- 

ham  and  W  Pickrell  bought  Louan  Hil  4th  a 
toiu-year-o  d  roan,  also  by  Baron  Booth  of  La'n 
caster,  at  11,923,  and  resold  her  to  Col  Robert 
Hollovvay  for  |2,225.  Louan  Hill  8d  a  red- 
man  five-year-old  daughter  of  Sweepstakes 
S^s'^An  1  ^-  «  ^'"^  °^  Bement,  III.,  at 

h  'ilr'  r  y^'l  ^r"  ^"°*'^  "f  Lancaster 
heie.  Caroline  Cochrane  (out  of  an  11th  Dnke 
ot  Airdne  cow  tracing  to  imp.  Caroline  by  Ar- 

^1  sn/'^T,^""^,''*  ^y  ^-  ^-  ^^''«^'°g<'r  &  Co.  for 
*l.h(().  The  red-roan  twn-year-old  heifor  Jubi- 
lee Napier  fell  to  the  bidding  of  A.  E.  Kimberly 


%. 


\' 


Ik  >  lilj 


476 


A    HISTORY   OP   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


at  $1,600.  She  was  by  imp.  Gen.  Napier  (26239), 
the  Booth  bull  that  Messrs.  Parks  sold  to  Col. 
Stephen  Dunlap  in  1873  for  $5,000  and  bought 
back  in  1874  at  same  price.  The  Caroline,  by 
Dashwood,  heifer  Detura,  another  daughter  of 
Baron  Booth  of  Lancaster,  was  secured  by  J. 
R.  Shelley  at  $1,100.  The  imported  Booth  cow 
Amelia,  bred  by  Messrs.  Dudding,  was  pur- 
chased by  Thomas  Windle,  Lincoln,  111.,  at 
$1,025.  Her  yearling  bull  Eoyal  Baron  18238, 
by  Baron  Booth  of  Lancaster,  w^as  taken  by 
William  and  W.  Pickrell  at  $1,000. 

At  a  combination  sale  held  at  Bloomington, 
111.,  in  April  Mr.  C.  M.  Niccolls  sold  Princessa 
2d,  a,  red  of  Abram  Van  Meter's  breeding,  sired 
by  Airdrie  Duke  5306  out  of  a  Princess  dam,  to 
J.  V.  Grigsby  of  Winchester,  Ky.,  for  $2X)00, 
the  same  buyer  taking  Mazurka  of  Lyndale  4th 
at  $1,825.  At  the  same  sale  E.  L.  Davison  of 
Kentucky  paid  $1,450  for  Oxford  Gwynne. 

Jacobs'  sale  at  West  Liberty.— At  West 
Liberty,  la.,  April  14,  1875,  occurred  the  sale 
of  Mr.  S.  W.  Jacobs,  the  first  ever  held  at  that 
point.  Eighty-three  cattle  averaged  $614,  and 
the  attendance  was  estimated  at  1.500.  This 
was  one  of  the  memorable  events  of  the  period. 
The  Lady  Sale  Princess  cow  Maude,  by  Earl  of 
Grass  Hill  8071,  was  bid  off  at  the  extraordi- 
nary price  of  $7,200,  and  her  yearling  heifer  by 
Col.  Wood  13692~Princess  Maude— at  $2,800. 


A  GOLDEN  AGE. 


477 


heitei  dd  Gem  of  Eryholme,  bred  by  Messrs 
Parks  apd  sired  by  imp.  Gen.  Napier     DM 

$  025  ^d'.?'  ''^"^  l^eiferTa'rKin.  S 
12,025  and  the  massive  1  800-]h    C...i7i   i     . 

Secret  cow  i«p.  8^,,;^,  b^Th  ^Toftn"' 
land-the  great  cow  of  the  sa]p    « + Z  nL     %' 

W.  Handley  of  MounrVerLrirL^  'l?V  '^• 
psf  Ouppn  inf  UnM-n  ,  ™"'  ^^M  bought  For- 
es-, i^ueen  (ot  McMillan's  breeding  and  sired  hv 

tiie  tiack   fissmger  show  cow  BettieStewnrf 
(running  to  imp.  Daisy  by  Wild)  at  «1  iPr       ^^ 
Mr.  Klmberly  bong/t  imp^  Rltl^^^^^ 
Garue   breed  ng   and    out   nf    M„i         \    J 

«1.075,  Scottish  Lady  K  Col  K^'f^^-  ^""^ 
Scotsman  at  «r  ^OK T  ^  °'-  King's  imjj. 
wotsman,  at  $1,425,  tne  noted  Kissinser  Cam 

,00  and  Fa„n.e  Pierce  of  same  fami  y'  a 
S    ■BSti?h£S^r'^   ^-''^^^     '''>- 

«trJtterat^:st7airi« 

ustrating  the  character  oTthe  deS  for 

^a.y  1.000  ;:roftye'r^^.s 

weie  bought  by  the  light  of  a  lantern!    The 


m 
III 


Ni^i 


m 


M^ 


1  .' 


Hi 


478 


A    HISTORY   OP   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


fact  is  that  the  only  way  a  man  could  keep  a 
COW  in  those  days  was  to  refuse  to  price  her. 
West  Liberty  became  a  great  Short-horn  breed- 
ing center,  a  distinction  which  it  has  ever  since 
held. 

Milton  Briggs  of  Kellogg,  la.,  sold  on  the  day 
following  the  West  Liberty  sale  122  head  at  an 
average  of  $308.  This  sale  was  remarkable  for 
the  large  number  sold  and  the  uniformity  of 
values  maintained.  But  two  animals  passed 
the  $1,000  mark,  one^  Anna  Clark,  at  $1,075,  to 
S.  Corbin,  Paris,  Ky.,  and  the  other.  Jubilee  of 
Spotwood,  at  $1,025,  to  W.  M.  Blair,  Inland,  la. 

Dexter  Park  auctions. — In  May  a  notable 
series  of  sales  occurred  at  Dexter  Park,  Cld- 
cago.  On  the  19th  some  long  prices  w  ere  again 
made  by  the  Princess  family,  the  occasion  being 
the  sale  of  L.  W.  Towne  of  Clarence,  Mo.  These 
were  descendants  of  the  Lady  Sale  branch  of 
the  tribe,  coming  through  Highland  Maid,  one 
of  whose  daughters  brought  $7,200  at  the  Ja- 
cobs sale  already  mentioned.  Col.  William  E. 
Simms  of  Kentucky  was  the  heaviest  buyer, 
taking  the  three-year-old  Highland  Maid  7th 
at  $3,600,  Highland  Maid  5th  at  $1,900  and 
Highland  Maid  4th  at  $1,125.  For  Highland 
Maid  8th  Robert  Otley  gave  $1,600.  At  this 
same  sale  Col.  Simmes  paid  $1,600  for  Lady 
Hester  3d  and  $1,025  for  Lady  Hester,  both 
Lady  Sale  Princesses.    On  May  20  J.  P.  Sau- 


A    GOLDEN   AGE. 


479 


burn  of  Port  Huron,  Mich.,  received  $2  600  for 
the  Craggs  cow  Duchess  of  Huron,  by  22d  Duke 
of  ^ir^^rie   from  John  R.  Craig  of  Edmonton, 
Can   and  |l,oOO  from  same  buyer  for  her  dam 
2(1  Duchess  of  Springwood,  then  ten  years  old' 
1.  Hickman  of  Ashland,  Mo.,  gave  $1,025  for 
the  Ohio  Rose  of  Sharon  Crystal  Queen  5th    A 
few  Scotch-br-d  cattle  were  included  in  this 
sale  and  met  with  fair  appreciation,  the  im- 
ported  cow  Wastell's  Jenny  Lind  7th,  by  Lord 
ll^nn^"^^"'  ^''"'''^  *""  ^''-  Heckman's  bidding 

The  Avery  &  Murphy  sale.— On  May  21 

Avery  &  Murphy  of  Port  Huron  followed  with 
a  sale  of   seventy-five  head  averaging  $G70 
The  yearling  Bates-topped  Peri  heifer  Peri  2d 
of  Lyndale,  of  Col.  King's  breeding  and  sired 
hy  the  114,000  bull  2d  Duke  of  Hillhurst,  was 
taken  by  S.  W.  Jacobs  of  Iowa  at  $4,000.  '  The 
ISth  Duke  of  Airdrie  cow  Miss  Wiley  4th  was 
I'oiight  by  Col.  Simmes  of  Kentucky  for  $2  675 
and  the  roan  Miss  Wiley  25th,  by  10th  Duke  of 
Uiorndale,  by  same  buyer  at  $1,825     The  2d 
Louan  of  Glen  Flora  at  S2,350;  the  Ohio  Rose 
ot  bharon  cow  Rose  of  Fairholme  4th  (of  Judc^e 
.^nes'  breeding)  at  $1,275,  and  the  imported 
unellar-bred    Scotch    cow  Wastell's    Golden 
dT  ^*h  at  $1,100  all  fell  to  the  persistent 
bidding  of  Col.  Robert  Holloway.    The  Aber- 
deenshire cattle  were  not  well  known  in  the 


! 


ti'sfaii, 


lllifill 


■■'■■■:{i 


480        A   HISTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 

West  at  this  time,  but  their  merit  was  begin 
ning  to  win  them  many  friends,  and  at  this 
sale  Mrs.  E.  Byram  of  Abingdon,  111.,  bought 
the  Cruickshank  cow  Michigan  Casket,  by  Sen- 
ator (27441)  out  of  Cactus  by  Champion  of  Eng- 
land, at  $1,725;  the  mixed-bred  imp.  Michigan 
Daisy  and  Welcome  at  |1,000  and  $1,025  re- 
spectively.   For  the  fine  imported  show  cow 
Joan  of  Arc,  of  mixed  English  breeding,  Albert 
Crane  paid  $1,000.    The  23d  Duke  of  Airdrie 
was  sold  at  this  sale  to  J.  P.  Sanborn  for  $9,600. 
On  the  22d  day  of  May  at  same  place  J.  R. 
Shelly  sold  the  Princess  cow  37th  Lady  Sale 
of  Putney  to  E.  L.  Davison  of  Kentucky  for 
$1,600,  and   Pdncess   3d   to   D.   Eichholtz  of 
Shannon,  111.,  for  $1,150.     Also  Mazurka  Duch- 
ess  3d    to  Campbell  &  Chase  of  West   Lib- 
erty, la.,  for  $1,550,  and  the  roan  Victoria  cow 
Venus  to  J.  P.  Sanborn,  Port  Huron,  Mich.,  for 
$1,000. 

Long  Prices  at  Meredith's.— On  May  28  at 
Cambridge  City,  Ind.,  S.  Meredith  &  Son  made 
a  great  sale  of  fifty-three  head,  averaging  $829. 
It  was  here  that  the  famous  Woodb urn-bred 
cow  Mazurka  36th,  by  Star  of  the  Realm  11021 
out  of  Mazurka  31st  by  12th  Duke  of  Airdrie, 
brought  $4,005,  the  buyer  being  J.  C.  Jenkins 
of  Petersburg,  Ky.  Mazurka  of  Lyndale,  by  . 
17th  Duke  of  Airdrie,  and  her  heifer  calf  Oak- 
land Mazurka,  by  2d  Duke  of  Hillhur,st.  were 


A    GOLDEN   AGE. 


481 


tiiken  for  George  Fox  of  Cheshire    Eni,    „f 
»  .100  and  $2,500  respectively.    The  Rose  o 
Sharon  cow  Grace  4th,  bred  by  Mr  Willim, 
Warfield  and  sired  by  Mascatoon  7057  on    " 
Grace  by  Airdrie  2478,  at  $.S,000,  and  the  roan 
yea^-hng  heifer  Craggs  Dnchess  of  Cambridge 
by  22d  Dnke  of  Airdrie,  at  |2,400,  went  to  John' 
K.  Craig  of  Canada.    The  red  Victoria  cow  Va" 
ena,  bred  by  George  Murray  and  sired  by  17th 
Duke  of  Airdne,  was  taken  by  R.  H.  Prewitt  of 
Kentucky  at  $1,800.    Duchess  Cadenza,  a  Cy 
press  cow  by  10th  Duke  of  Thorndale,  and  her 
yearhng  he,  er  brought  $3,150  from  Benjamin 
Sumner  of  Woodstock,  Conn.   The  Young  Mary 
cow  Miss  Washington  3d,  by  the  great  Ken^ 
ucky  breeding  bull  Airdrie  Duke  6.306    and 
her  heifer  calf  Lady  Geneva,  by  4th  Duke  of 

il  "7«2Tff  ^^^^  -^^  '^"""'^  M«'  Kankakee, 
11.,  at  $2,150.    The  imported  cow  2d  Lady,  of 

l;  4  ^^'^^f,  '"■•f '""^  ^ent  to   Ed  lies  at 
..'";  7    *"■■  ^'•e  show  cow  Maggie  Stone  rbv 
Ainlne  Duke  5306  out  of  a  Margaret,  rSnoS 
all,  tlam)  Hon.  Pliny  Nichols  of  We  t  Liberty 
K  gave  I  ,000     Eigdon  Huston  of  Blandns-' 

Uaron  iao57  of  Col.  Towneley's  breeding,  then 

five  years  old,  for  1975.    The  Messi..  Meredith 

"U  privately,  after  the  conclusion  of  the  sale 

he  lates-bred  5th  Duchess  of  Springwood  to 

Mr.  Craig  for  $2,000.  ^  ° 


fn 


482 


^ 


iiilL.;:: 


A    HISTORY   OF   8H0RT-H0RN    CATTLE. 


Airdrie  Duchesses  at   $18,000  each.-Mr 

Fox,  the  English  buyer  of  the  Mazurkas  at 
this  sale,  bought  i>rivat(^ly  from  Mr.  A.  J 
Alexander  that  excellent  bull  24th  Duke  of 
Airdrie  for  $12,000  nnd  the  20th  Duchess  of 
Airdrie  at  $18,000  for  exi)ortation,  and  from 
Gen.  N.  M.  Curtis  of  Ogdensburg  and  James  W. 
Wadsworth  of  same  place  a  number  of  I'rin- 
cesses.  About  this  same  time  Mv.  Ah'xander 
sold  to  E.  IT.  Cheney  of  England  the  Ifith 
Duchess  of  Airdrie  for  $1 7.000. 

At  a  sale  from  the  herd  of  Mr.  Cochrane  held 
in  June,  1875,  at  Toronto,  Airdrie  Duchess  ."ith 
was  bought  by  Avery  &  Mm-phy  for  $18  000 
and  the  5th   Didve  of  TTillhurst  by  Mark  S 
Cockrill  of  Tennessee  for  $8.:JO0.     4th  Lf,uan  of 
blauson.Uile   was    taken    l,y    B.    B.   (iroom   at 
|»^,8o0.  ^  Messrs.  Beattie  &  Miller  sold  some  cat- 
tle at  high  pi-ices  at  same  time,  i-eceivin"  t^  000 
for  Princess  of  Oxford  Ith,  a  like  sum  for  Prin- 
cess Maud,  $2,200  for  Princess  of  Raliy  $9  7(,o 
for  Surmise  Duchess  5th,  $2,400  for  Surmise 
Duchess    10th,    $3,100    for   Duchess  of    Raby, 
$4,600  for  Kirklevington   Princess  2d,  $4,025 
for  Kirklevington  Duchess  8th,  and  $2  800  for 
Careless  8th -thirty-four    females  averaging 
$1,226  each. 

Another  important  tiansaction  in  the  spiing 
of  1875  was  the  purchase  by  Avery  &  Murphy 
of  the   entire  high-priced   herd  of  Col.  L.  G. 


A   GOLDEN   AGE. 


48a 


Morris,  inelndiuir  Hv«  ^f  u-    ^      , 

York  Miil.s.         ^  "'«  0*  his  purchases  ut  New 

Big  saJes  in  the  Blue  Grass     ti     t-     . 

summer  sales  of  1^7^     ^^^^'-^^el^entucky 

1^'-  of  8harons  br    g,  t  mw"'^'  ^""^^'^ 

t^'ki^;.^uiia'sRos^t"|Jof,^^^^^^^^^^ 
son  ot  Kentuckv  9ri  r^„     1    T'         -"•  r.  I  liom- 
^MLucKV  ^d  Ca?i)bridi?e  LaHv  Qf  «;"  rr/^ 

payiiiLr  f he  ton  «P  ^r^i  i-      t^  V  ^'^^^^'^rs.  Groom 
^    ^     iL  Eo  ),  ,v,,^yo^  for  Red  Rose  11th      Af 

Dudio,s.  of  Sharon  a   ,1  ^,"'°'"\I"*'d  $4,]50  for 

""• ''"'I  Messrs  MpvoiIu-i,  «i /./„, 

tor  Rosf.  of  Wicken      Af   i  *,  7.'-"'*^  *i,600 

Sumner  of  Con„JtV^  ,  ^-  '^'""aird's  IS. 

Ro«e.  Met .'";;,•;  V?;!f,  f  «5j'.  f--  Oneida 

,U  Wi„i„,„  I.ow,'tj.  W  B  S'o   w"''r  '!"'• 
'ly's  Messrs   Merprli/l,  1        ,\  ^*  'Salter  Han- 

I'niiKe  Kose  -M  t'ioKnT  /  ?<'"'"'^'^J'  for  Can,- 
''la  for  l.nc     s*ofiS^^^ 

■^«.w..sonsfSwS,rvSr:^: 


i 

iipp^ 

j 

"  'i\ 

484       A   HISTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN  OATTLR. 

At  J.  C.  Jenkins'  sale  Mis.  Jesse  Long  of  Iowa 
^'ave  $2,125  tor  Mjizuika  3(5th,  George  M.  Bed- 
ford  $2,500  for  4th  Louan  of  Oakland  and  $2,00() 
for  Louan  of  Prospect  Farm,  E.  K.  Thomas 
$2,055  for  Blooming  Heath  2d,  and  J.  H.  Spears 
took  Mazurka  33d  at  $1,050.  Mr.  Jenkins'  fif. 
teen  head  averaged  $1,274. 

Pushing  the  Princesses.— While  the  chi.ii.- 
pions  of  this  fine  old  sort  did  not  score  as 
dazzling  a  success  during  this  speculative  era 
as  might  have  been  anticipated  in  view  of 
Belvedere's  brilliant  career  and  the  conceded 
dual-purpose  capacity  of  the  tribe,  still  they 
enlisted  the  support  of  several  daring  spirits 
prominent  in  the  trade  duj-ing  these  halcyon 
days  of  Short-horn  prosperity. 

The  American-bred  Princesses  were  all  de- 
scended from  the  three  imported  cows.   Red 
Rose  2d,  Lady  Sale  2d  and  Tuberose  2d.   Those 
tracing  to  Red  Rose  2d  were  unquestionably 
the  best.     Wherever  they  were  fairly  treated 
and  intelligently  bred  they  displayed  fine  sul)- 
stance,  thick  flesh  and  scale,  as  well  as  daiiv 
propensity.    The  Princesses  had  been  largely 
in  the  hands  of  dairymen  in  the  New  England 
States,  and  were  treated   as  dairy  stock,  de- 
veloping milking  qualities  of  the  highest  order. 
The  Tuberose  branch  manifested  a  tendency  to 
present  dark  noses;   a  point  which  has  never 
met  with  the  favor  of  the  fraternity  of  Short- 


)- 


■^r 


A   GOLDEN   AGE. 


485 


0 


^Zd  Tn*"''p  P™""''"'"*  '^m-'HK  tho,se  inter- 

mm  Iv  K  P""«r«'^  i"  t'i«  East  about  tl,i« 

tune  may  be  mentioned  Me.ssis.  A.  W   Gi-is- 

v:  moot  r.'^"'"  '"'''''■ "'-  »>"''  -  *-•"•» 

Vumont  that  was  .n  charge  of  J.  0.  ShehlonN 
oM  herdsman,  Mr.  Williams,  one  of  the  Cm 

net.  of  h,s  profession  England  has  ever  give 
th>s  country;   D.  S.  Pratt,  a  clothing  mer 
clutnt  at  Brattleboro.  Vt.,  who  was  in  the  Ts  - 
"ess  purely  as  a  speculation  and  not  because  of 
^y  special   love  for  the  cattle;   the  Messrs 

SersVd  d''"*"^^'  ^k  """  --  P-"" 

<^  Ge  esTo  ^'TTTc  ^«^-,^<^-"rt" 
N  y  •  T  I  H  •'  ,?•  C""»<5r'  Haverstraw, 
"•  1..  1.  U  Hanson,  Morlev  N  Y  •  fr.)   t„i 

a  Taylor,*  Lon,lon,  'ont„  a,!d  Eicl'uS  Gib^ln 
ot  cattle  of  this  tribe  to  England.    Tliese  were 

X   c'ol    w'  S"',^'"--  S-  King  of  mCc 
sota,  Coh  W    E.  Simnis  of  Paris,  Ky.;   B   B 

«^i"lf^-         •  ^•'"^««""-">.  after  conferring 
Mi  leading  owners  of  Princesses  throughout 

cord  "o/'p'"""'  ^ir''  ^°'"»«  -««ed '^ 
KeM.d  of  Pnncess  Short-horns  in  America," 

•Woh  he  K,ld«(.    B«  bo„rtl  a  .rf-,Z,.',  ""  ■""'"»  "' "'»  ""met  l„ 

«. «.,,.  with  ,h,  B,tes  c™,„  1,"^^    h'  a'«  j:""^"''  ">•  <•■■»««  »uo. 


>rlKjBP?n 


f 


'Hi 


486 


0 


I  i  ' 


!  n 


IM^ 


^te^. 


A    HISTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN    CATTLE. 


which,  it  was  expected,  would  assist  in  build- 
ing  up  a  Princess  aristocracy  by  separating  the 
pedigrees  of  cattle  of  that  tribe  from  the  great 
mass  of  records  carried  by  the  Short-horn  Herd 
Book.    As  might  have  been  anticipated,  how- 
ever, and  as  was  predicted  by  some  of  the  level 
heads  in  the  Princess  camp,  this  attempt  at 
"exclusiveness"  was  resented  by  the  breeders 
at  large.    While  long  prices  were  established 
for  a  time   the  manipulations  of  speculators 
failed  to  atlain  for  any  extended  period  their 
cherished  objecb.    In  common  with  other  tribes 
that  were  at  this  time  largely  at  the  mercy  of 
those  who  were  handling  Short-horns  for  spec- 
ulative purposes  only— and  often  with  violent 
disregard  of  correct  principles  and  practice- 
the  Princesses  suffered  more  or  less  deterioin- 
tion;  the  blame  for  which,  as  in  the  case  of  the 
Bates  tribes,  rested  upon  the  folly  of  reckless 
men  rather  than  upon  the  hapless  cattle  that 
were  made  the  subject  of  egregious  blundei-ing. 
In  August,  1875,  Almon  W.  Griswold  sold  in 
the  historic  Duchess  ring  at  New  York  Mills 
five    Princesses    for    $18,100,   an    average   of 
$3,620  each,  the  top   being  $r).6O0  for  Lady 
Mary  2d  to  Eichard  Gibson  for  Col.  King.    The 
laird  of  Lyndale  also  obtained  Lady  Mary  at 
$4,000  and  Avery  &  Murphy  got  Lady  Mary  9tli 
at  $2,200  and  6th  Lady  Sale  of  Brattlehoro  at 
$3,800.    Several  Gwynnes  —  near  kin    to   the 


A   GOLDEN   AGE. 


487 


S^ljl^-als''   sold    well,   Gibson    paying 
feOOO  for  one  and  |1,900  for  another.    Thesf 

T  n  l   I  ,  n-^T'-    ^*  *•>'«  «='«'e  sale  7th  Lord 

0  Oxford  17o8G  fetched  $3,700  and  Aveiy  & 

1  mphy  paid  |3,000  for  Peri  3d.  The  tWrty 
three  animals  disposed  of  brought  $56  000  an 
average  of  $1,697.  ^v,<JW,  an 

As  a  matter  of  fact  the  Gwynnes  of  this  pe- 
<Ki  ranked  with  the  best  Short-horns  of  their 
time.    Indeed  for  many  years,  while  the  old 
1  micess  sort  and  their  cousins  the  Elvi™  and 
Js  were  still  m  comparative  obscurity,  under 
he  skillful  management  of  careful  handlers  h 
Cumberland  and  the  North  the  Gwynnes  were 
making  Short-horn   history.     Their    intrins  o 
m..rit  and  solid  worth,  their  grand  flesh  and 
.ale  their  finish  and  dairy  quality  gained  for 
he  Gwynnesthe  plaudits  of  the  entire  coun- 
try-3ide  even  in  the  very  heart  of  the  old  Short- 
lora  country.    As  one  after  another  of  these 
handsome  specimens  of  the  breed  made  their 
appeaiunce  m  the  English  show-yards  and  sale- 
mgs  their  name  became  a  bye-word,  synouy- 
m.™  with  .symmetry  and  persistent  quality. 
I  he  Gwynnes  can't  be  downed,"  an  exm-es- 
SKui  often  heai^  in  those  days  across  the  At- 
laiitic   meant  that  no  matter  what  cross  or 
alien  blood  was  resorted  to  the  Gwvnne  char- 
acter seemed  to  assert  itself.    Bichard  Gibson. 


■ 


48iS 


A   HISTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


appreciating  fully  tlieir  position  abroad,  be- 
came an  ardent  supporter  of  the  tribe  on  this 
side,  and  many  breeders  subsequently  profited 
largely  by  the  presence  of  Gvvynne  cows  and 
heifers  in  their  pastures.  The  late  Simon  Beat- 
tie  offered  Gibson  |4,000  for  one  specimen  of 
the  family  to  be  exported  to  England. 

At  H.  P.  Thomson's  sale  of  1875  in  Ken- 
tucky  six  Princesses  were  disposed  of  at  a  val- 
uation of  $15,725,  an  average  of  $2,620.  D.  L. 
Hughes  of  Iowa  took  two,  paying  $4,100  for 
Lady  Sale  29th  and  $1,700  for  2d  Tuberose  of 
Grass  Hill  D.  S.  Pratt  of  Vermont  acquired 
Lady  Sale  29th  on  a  bid  of  $4,000.  Avery  & 
Murphy  paid  $2,500  for  Lady  Sale  31st.  S.  W. 
Jacobs  of  Iowa  bought  Lady  Sale  36th  at 
$1,800  and  John  Collard  of  the  same  State  be- 
cjime  the  owner  of  Gth  Tuberose  of  Brattleboro 
at  $1,625.  At  this  sale  Emory  Cobb  of  Illinois 
took  Constance  of  Putney  4th  at  $1,950  and  E. 
Stedn)an  of  Massachusetts  bought  Blush  of 
Glen  Flora  at  $2,750.  The  $1,000  mark  was 
passed  sixteen  times  during  the  sale,  the 
ninety-six  head  sold  fetching  a  total  of 
$53,070,  an  average  of  $553. 

The  Trans-Mississippi  trade.— The  summer 
of  1875  was  a  season  of  sore  trial  and  tril)u 
lation  to  the  farmers    beyond    the    Missour 
River  on  account  of  the  ravages  of  grasshop 
pers.     Feed  was  in  short  supply  in  the  newer 


""IL- 


A   GOLDEN   AGE. 


489 


West,  so  when  Mr.  J.  Q.  Cowau  of  Missouri 
he  owner  of  the  $3,000  show  and  biS 
Iju  Loudon  Duke  6th  10399,  arranged  fof 
puljhc  sale,  to  .nclude  that  distinguished  an> 
mal.  It  was  decided  to  offer  the  s^ck  at  0  - 
tiunwa  la.  The  event  occurred  Aug.  18  and 
>"tl,  the  exception  of  the  Kne  Toung  Cj 

lo«a  and  Missouri  breeders,  the  thirtv-siv  he-id 

.omnianding  119.340.  an  average  of  $^37    W 

"  Duke  6tli  was  bid  off  by  E.  Gilliston  of 

.    ul  City  Mo.,  at  $1,950;  S.  W.  Jacobs  gave 

M. 000  tor  Loudon's  Minna;  D.  A.  Rou-4  of 

oth.  and  J,  G.  fetrawn  of  Illinois  a  lil-^  ..  „,  for 
tlie  Mary  cow  above  mentioned 
In  September,  1875,  D.  M.  Ply„„  of  Des 
tr%n  V","'"'"*^"'  "'  *«99  on  eighteen 
0  1  Koan  Princess  up  to  $3,500  and  S  W- 
.  cohs  had  to  carry  the  Scotch-bred  Minnie's 
AnuuiKlale  2d  to  .«2,000.     For  Lady  Kinglhe 

:  'n!  ''"r  P*'^  «.5«>-     D>'.  George  Spfag  e 
ot  Des  .Moines  .sold  nineteen  head  in  oomfpc 

.o,Mv,fcb  M.  Flynn  that  made  an  Tve^; 
;'•':    Red   Daisy  of  Fairview  4^1    that  the 

>oetor  had  bought  at  the  Cowan  .sale  for  «710 
tell  here  to  D.  L.  Hughes'  bidding  at  $1  I  o' 
For  Oakwood  Miss  Wiley  John  bollard   '3 


490 


A   HISTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


$1,100.    2d  Duke's  Gem  went  to  A.  W.  Thom- 
son of  Kentucky  at  $1,200. 

At  John  CoUcinrs  sale  the  red  six-year-old 
Scotch-bred  imported  cow  liaspl^erry,  |i)y 
Fr-ince  of  Worcester,  was  taken  by  William 
liastie,  Somerset,  la,,  at  $1,200.  P'or  Lady 
Dalilia  tlie  same  price  was  given  by  J.  D 
Brown  of  Omaha. 

$3,500  for  a  Scotch  heifer.  -Shortly  before 
this  Mrs.  A.  K.  Kimbeiley  of  West  Liberty,  la. 
had  broken  the  record  for  Scotch  br^d  cattle 
by  paying  J.  H.  Kissinger  $;i500  for  the  cele 
b  rated  Cruickshank  show  heifer  imp.  Oran^-e 
Blossom  18th. 

Short-horns  were  enjoying  a  great  "boom" 
west  of  the  Mississippi.  Mention  has  been 
made  of  some  of  the  more  notable  purchases 
of  Mr.  Albert  Crane  of  Durham  Park,  Kini.,  at 
auction  sales.  About  this  time  he  bought  some 
Booth-bred  cattle  from  Mr.  Coffin  of  Maryland, 
and  from  F.  W.  Belden,  Kane^ille,  111.,  he  se- 
cured for  stock  purposes  the  Booth-bred  Hec- 
uba bull  Lord  of  the  Lake  at  $1,000.  He  man- 
ifested his  interest  in  Bates  blood,  however,  by 
purcliasing  privately  about  this  same  date  from 
Mr.  Alexander  of  Woodburn  the  white  bull  Lord 
Bates  3d,  by  24tli  Duke  of  Airdi-ie,  at  |1,000. 

Groom  importations  and  sale.— One  of  the 
''plungers"  who  became  active  in  the  trade 
about   this    period   was  Mr.  B.  B.  Groom  of 


A  OOIDEN  AflE.  49] 

Vinewood  Farm,  near  Winchester,  Clark  Co 
hy.  In  April  1875,  the  firm  oJ  B.  B.  Uroom  & 
Smi  nnported  from  England  thirty-one  head  of 
Dates-bred  cattle,  belonging  mainly  to  families 
-ingmated  by  the  Messr«.  Bell ;  included  in  the 
slapment  being  the  roan  8th  Maid  of  Oxford 
«t  Sheldon  s  breeding,  that  had  been  exported 
0  iMigland  some  years  previous.  In  July  of 
he  same  year  Messrs.  Groom  imported  7th 

T,  u?u  ^f  l""*  ^'"^  '"''■ ''""  ^''^f  and  the  roan 
iiil  8th  D.jke  of  Geneva  (28390),  both  of  Shel- 

'"'''^'^f^'S.  Jhene  had  been  bought  at 
honoy  s  s-ale  at  |10,000  for  the  Duke  and  $3,325 
t"i'  the  Oxford  cow  and  calf.     On  Oct   14  -i 
mmjher  of  these  imported  cattle,  together  with 
a  selection  ot  American-bred  stock,  was  offered 
a   public  sale,  and  the  eve.it  drew  out  a  great 
attendance  from  M  parts  of  the  United  States 
Ilie  prices  paid  and  the  wide  distribution  of 
the  animals  indicate  the  remarkable  character 
»t  the  demand  at  this  time  for  Short-horns 
carrying  the  Bates  blood.     We  append  here- 
wi  I  a  summary  as  to  the  leading  lots,  together 
w  itli  the  general  averages : 

ad  Duchess  otAWrio-J,  H.  Spears  4  Sons,  Illinois  .,r™ 

Kirklcvmeton  DncliOM  18th-John  R.  Crate  CanX    I'SJ 

Bnel,t„..,s-Berj„,.,i„  s„n,„er,  ConnecS:  " „^'™ 

H.*la„d  Mai,<  :  *  ^  ,t.  c,  Tyler,  Vermont J'™ 

Ductes  of  cla.6-.co -J.  H.  Spears*  Sons.. I'Z 

K.-klev,ngton  r  ..J,  Sth-Avory  &  MnrphT.  Michigan tZ 

Mr„ch,ss  of  Clarence  -J.  H.  Spears  &  Sons. .  »'m 

n.UyssRose-w.N.Oirutt,  Kentucky  ,'', 

Kirklevinrton  Lady  3d-J.  V.  Grigsby,  kentncky 3'^' 


'nlB 


492 


!^ 

i 

am 

raS 

Si: 

r,:  > 

i 

A   HISTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


Princess  of  Vinewood  Ist— D.  L.  Hughes,  Iowa 8  000 

Georgia  Hillliurst  3d— Avery  &  Murphy 2*800 

Duchess  of  Kingscote— J.  V.  Grigsby 2550 

Kirldevington  Lady  4th— Avery  &  Murphy "' 2550 

Fennel  Duchess  of  Knightley  Hall— T.  J.  Megibben,  Ken-     ' 

tutiOry  2,500 

2d  Lady  Bates  of  Vinewood— E.  S.  Bussing,  New  Yorli 2000 

Kirklevington  Lady  5th— Henry  Corbin,  Kentucky ...,    2,'oOC 

Annette  of  Knightley  Hall— John  Collard,  Iowa ....[    2000 

Wild  Flower  Duchess— N.  G.  Pond,  Connecticut .......... . .    I'goo 

Duchess  of  Knightley  Hall— John  Collard 1850 

Highland  Maid  7th— D.  L.  Hughes '.'.'.'.....    ],700 

Wild  Eyes  of  Horton  Park— W.  N.  Offutt,  Kentucky.!.....^    ijoo 

Lady  Sale  10th— D.  L.  Hughes *    I'gQQ 

Princess  of  Vinewood  2d— J.  V.  Grigsby i'ssq 

3d  Lady  Bates  of  Vinewood— E.  S.  Bussing,  New  York 1 500 

Ros.v  Ronheur  8th— Avery  &  Murphy " ' '    i '400 

Ruby  Duchess— John  R.  Craig ]  ,'J;.'5 

Bright  Eyes  9th— T.  Stedman  &  Son,  Massachusetts '.    1^175 

Duenna  Duchess  7th— J.  H.  Spears  &  Sons i,'i25 

Victoria  11th— J.  G.  Cowan,  Missouri i]o50 

Duenna  Duchess  6th— B.  Sumner  &  Co. ,  Connecticut 1,050 

Jubilee  Oxford  4th— J.  V.  Grigsby " "    i'oqq 

Sauspareil  10th— J.  H.  Spears  &  Sons I'ooo 

Oxford  Geneva— D.  L.  Hughes,  Iowa 5,000 

2d  Compton  Lord  Wild  Eyes— John  Collard,  Iowa 2,500 

3d  Duke  of  Under-Edge- John  Collard 2,100 

2d  Duke  of  Under-Edge— Hon.  William  M.  Smith,  Illinois. .    1^650 

1st  Duke  of  Under-Edge— Mrs.  Jesse  Long,  Iowa 1,050 

64  females  sold  for $109,445 ;  an  average  of |1 ,710 

9  bulls  sold  for 14,015 ;  an  average  oJ , 1.557 

78  animals  sold  for 123,460 ;  at.  average  of 1,691 

Other  important    transactions.— At  II.  D. 

Ayres'  sale  Mr.  Groom  bought  Hilpa  Duchess 
at  $2,500;  at  W.  L.  Sudduth's  a  pair  of  Miss 
Washiugtons  (Young  Marys)  fetched  $2,000;  at 
John  W.  Prewitt's  B.  F.  Vanmeter  gave  $1,000 
for  a  Gentle  Annie  Phyllis,  and  at  B.  P.  Goff's 
Mr.  J.  H.  Pickrell  took   Bright  Lady  of  the 


A   GOLDEN    AGE. 


498 


Kealm  at  14,000     This  Hn,.n,  i,„-t 

.  w    ,  ^'  *''*  '^'*'"  of  Breastplate. 

sold  foTS^.IO  "■"™^'^'^  «eventy.tlu.ee  females 
«)ia  tor  *^J,olO,  an  average  of  |404.  L.  F.  Pierce 

J  I,  John  R.  Craig  „f  Canada  $2,250  for  Duchess 
of  Springwood,  and  J.  H.  Spears  &  Son  « i  mn 
to;-  M^  Wiley  of  Vinewood'*^  M  J.  C.^S 
«ale  fifteen  head  brought  the  great  avera^  of 

n  MazSa  8fith.  ^''"'  "M'T  ^"'"*<  *°  «2,125 
01  Mazuika  3bth:  George  M.  Bedford  bid  $2  500 

or  4th  Louan  of  Oakland  and  $2,000  for  Lomm 

otftuspect  Farm;  E.K.  Thomas  followed  Bloom" 

TA^f^    't*'  •*^'''''^-  '^"'^  J-  H.  Spears  we^t 
to  $l,6oO  on  Mazurka  83d 

Mr.  Warfield  sold  to  John  Comstock  of  In- 
K»a  the  bull  calf  Loudon  Duke  12th,  by  imp 
Ifobert  Napier,  at  $1,500.    (Jen    Me -edit  hi; 

$1.^)0  and  Martha  Mu.,cal,oon  at  $1,000  from 
t.  M.  Niccolls,  Bloomington  111 
All     records    broken    at    i)unmore.-On 

Wednesday,  Aug.  25,  1875,  the  greatest  ave, 
;^Ke  ever  made  at  an  auction  sate  of  cattle  t 
lie  wor  d  was  obtaine<l  by  Lord  Dunmore  at  a 

ng.  SCO  land,   upon   which   occasion   thirty- 

had    brought    the    enormous    total    of 

In      r!     ""average  of  $.3,829  on  the  entire 

lot.    It  was  here  also  thai  the  greatest  pr  ce 


494 


A   HISTORY    OP   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


:.«^fl 


Ivil 


I 


ever  obtained  for  a  l»ull  of  any  breed  was  paid, 
to-wit.:  4,500  gs.,  which  reduced  to  American 
gold  at  that  date  was  the  equivalent  of  |26,904. 
the  bull  being  Duke  of  Connaught  (33604)  of 
the  Bates  Duchess  tribe. 

It  is  of  special  interest  to  American  breeders 
to  note  that  the  best  price  made  at  this  sale  by 
a  female  was  by  a  representative  of  the  Renick 
Rose  of  Sharon  family,  and  that  the  sire  of 
Duke  of  Connaught  was  the  American-bred 
Duke  of  Hillhurst  (28401),  that  was  bred  by 
Hon.  M.  H.  Cochrane  from  the  14th  Duke  of 
Thorndale  (28459).  Furthermore,  the  high- 
priced  Oxford  females  sold  were  the  produce 
of  the  8th  and  lltli  Maids  of  Oxford,  bred  in 
New  York  and  exported  in  1871,  In  addition 
to  this  the  second  highest-priced  bull  of  the 
sale — and  the  sire  of  a  number  of  the  most  val- 
uable heifers  offered — was  ohe  American-bred 
3d  Duke  of  Hillhurst  (30975),  by  6th  Duke  of 
Geneva  (30959). 

The  case  of  Duke  of  Connaught  is  unique  in 
the  annals  of  stock-breeding  for  the  rca, ;  .i  that 
he  proved  to  be  one  of  the  most  successf  ai  sires 
of  high-class  Short-horns  ever  used  in  (Ireat 
Britain,  and  so  great  was  the  demand  for  stock 
of  his  get  on  account  of  their  conceded  excel- 
lence that  the  buyer  of  the  bull,  Lord  Fitzhar- 
dinge  of  Berkeley  Castle,  Gloucestershire,  re- 
ceived in  stud  fees  and  for  Connaught  calves 


A   GOLDEN   AGE. 

an  aggregate  sum  of  money  which  more  tlian 
rennbursed  him  for  his  extraordinaiy  outlay  a 
Dunmore  This  was  indeed  an  ou^staX 
exan:ple  of  the  fact  that  if  one  is  cerUin  ol 
lis  premises  in  seeking  to  estimate  the  oroba 
We  value  of  a  stock  bull  it  is  difficult  to'pCe 
any  li  nit  within  reasonable  bounds  upon  the 
price  to  be  paid.  ^ 

This  sale  was  conducted  by  Mr.  John  Thorn- 
ton whose  maiden  effort  on  the  auctioa  block 
had  been  made  at  Rugby  in  18fiS,  iu  the  em 
ploy  of  the  Rev.  John  Storer  of  Hellidon.*  A 
list  of  the  animals  that  brought  ,«2,000  or  up- 
ward  IS  presented  below,  the  English  values 
eing  reduced  to  their  current  equivalent  in 
American  gold: 

cows   AND   HEIFERS, 

Re<l  Rose  of  the  Isles,  red,  calved  March  9,  1870-  bred  bv 

UtehMness of  Oxford  ad,  white,  calvod  March  8  wn'  " ', 
^      ^"^^  '^^  Geneva-Duke  of  Manchester io,821 

AylMLT,  Booth  and  their  frie„d«  M.  «?  In  common  with  Messrs.  Torr. 

active  In  b,-aalf  of  Ue'ZZsofB^L'IZ  "^^f*"'^"'-"  «ales,  wa.  too 
fords  employ,  and  the  ideaof  enL™         ^^    ^^^'''^ton  was  m  Straf- 

tbrone  Of  hi.  employer  was  an  uXS^^^^  »«  "^"'•P  the 

conservative  men  of  meana  «a !,  ^^  *°  England  amon?  snch 

Booth.    NeverthelelThTB^oiri^h^r;?  V"'  ^-'^-s 'of"S 
Ion  sale,  and,  although  U  wis  -^i^ZTt  Zf     ^,^"™'°'i  ^"^  at  the  Helli- 

Drovedhlsmnessfor^hewIrkbykeenwS^    "^''^  ^'^^  "^""^  ^^■^•^^'  ^^^ 
calculated  to  excite  an  oW  hand  ^^''^  under  circumstances 


■    A 

:  '1    ' 

mm 
liiii 


V 


496        A    HISTORY   OF  SHORT-HORN   CAT'I .  E. 

Red  Rose  of  Balmoral,  red,  calved  Nov.  14,  1873;  got  bv8d 
Duko  of  Hiilhurst  (80976)  out  of  tho  Rose  of  Shar.  cow 
Rod  Rose  or  Uracmar  by  11th  Duke  of  Thorndale-Ujrd 
Bective 

Oxford  Duchess  2.^  roan;  calved*  Juno'ao;  IsW;"  got*  by  2d  ^^'^''^ 
Duke  of  Colliupham  (SHr.lO)  out  of  11th  Lady  of  Oxford 
by  Baron  of  Oxford  (23871  >  -Lord  Fit/1. ardlnge  r  «7« 

Fuchsia  12th,  roan,  calved  Feb.  ir,,  1873 ;  got  by  Duke  ofAl 
bany  (25981)  out  of  Fuchsia  10th  by  Graud  Duke  of  York 

(24071)— T.  Lister 

Water  Flower,  red-and-white,  calved  Dec.  20,'  1871 ;'  got  bv 
6th  Duke  of  Geneva  (30959)  out  of  Waterloo  88th  by  Earl 
of  Eglinton  (23S32)-T.  Halfor.l     .  8  ~0« 

Lady  Worcester  5th,  roan,  calved  March  8o,  1809;  trot  bv'sd      ' 
Duke  of  Claro  (237>J9)  out  of  Lady  Worcester  2d  bv 
Charleston  (31400) -A.  H.  Brassey. . .  s  -nfl 

Blythesome  Eyes,  red,  calved  Dec.  23,  1874 ;  got  by  "sd  Duke     ' 
of  Hiilhurst  (30975)  out  of  Wild  Eyes  Duchess  by  9th 
Grand  Duke  (19879)  -Lord  Bective. ...  o  fii- 

Fuchsia  13th,  roan,  calved  March  4th,  1872;  got  byDukeof 
Albany  (25931)  out  of  Fuchsia  9th  by  Grand  Duke  of 

York  (24071 )  -J.  W.  Larking 3  gg. 

Lady  Worcester  13th,  white,  calved  Nov.  15,"l8r2;'  "got'  bv     ' 
8th  Duke  of  Geneva  (28290)  out  of  Lady  Worcester  5th 
by  3d  Duke  of  Claro  (23739)  -Lord  Bective.  3  318 

Lady  Worcester  11th,  white,  calved  Oct.  2, 1873;  got  by  8d     ' 
Duke  of  Clara  (23729)  out  of  Lady  Worcester  8d  by  3d 
Duke  of  Wharfdale  (31019) -Duke  of  Manchester  8  288 

Lady  Worcester  16th,  roan,  calved  May  23,  1875;  got  by  3d      ' 

Duke  of  Hiilhurst  (30975) -Lord  Bective  3  oss 

Water  Lily,  red,  calved  June  25,  1874;  got  by  8d  Duke  of     '"^ 

Hiilhurst -T.  Halford g  j^g 

Wild  Eyes  Duchess,  red,  calved  Feb.  8,' 1865;"  got  by  9th      ' 

Grand  Duke  (19879)  -T.  Wilson "  g  86'» 

Wild  Eyebright,  roan,  calved  Sept.  10, 1872 ;  got  by '6th  Duke     ' 

of  Geneva  (30959)-T.  Wilson 3-20 

Lady  Worcester  13th,  red-and-white,  calved  Jan.  2*8  1874 "•    "' 

got  by  8d  Duke  of  Hiilhurst  (30975) -George  Fox  '    2  690 

Lady  Worcester  9th,  red-and-white,  calved  Aug.  19,1871-      ' 

got  by  8d  Duke  of  Claro  (33729)  -Mr.  Brogdeu  .  ' '         '    2  630 
Hazel  Eyes,  roan,  calved  Nov.  30,  1874;  got  by  3d  Duke' of 

Hiilhurst  (3097 Vi—H.  J.  Sheldon 2  391 

Lady  Worcester  15th,  r-d,  calved  Feb.  1,  1875;"  "got  by" "sd      ' 
Duke  of  Hiilhurst  (30975)  — R.  Loder 3 150 


>y8d 
cow 
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r"Ai- 

'ork 

;  by 
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ySd 
by 

uke 
9th 


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5,978 


1,380 


8,706 


3,706 


8,617 


B  of 
>  Of 

by 

5th 

8d 
8d 


8,318 


3d 


of 


8,288 


8,288 


8,108 


»th 


ke 


2,869 


1,720 


ri; 


of 


3d 


2,690 


2,630 


2,391 


2,152 


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Sciences 
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A   GOLDEN  AGE. 


49; 


Fuchsia  14th,  roan,  calved  March  IQ  ifir<i.  „«♦  u    t^  , 
Albany  (35931)-lMr.  Lister  '  ^°*  ^^  ^""^^  °' 

Wild  Rose,  red-and-white,  calved  Feb'a'isTO." *■;•:••  ••••  ^^'^^^ 

Duke  of  Geneva  (Sm9)--ColjSn^-^^te''^'  '"'  ""^  '*^ 

Sparkling  Ryes,  red-and- white,  calvefNov  is'  IR-.  ' ' '  •;  •.• '    ^'^ 
0th  Duke  Of  Geneva  m59UoM^::,rl,^^^^^^^^^^  ^^^^ 

BULLS. 

Duke  of  Connaufht  (38604),  roan,  o»i,m  Auk  10  itsf  ^, 

Lord  Fltzhrlr      ^^'"'"'  ■"  *"•■'"  "■"'  ="""  '» 
**  °"'«' ■"  HiUhurst  (30976V,  riarcaived  Doe  ■2' 187iV;A;  ^'°" 

sTdfoJ  w'2;r,';'^.""=»>-S'«^'i  "  ♦5,000  anJ 

30  females  sold  for         *9S4,^73R.  a^.'L 17,986 

9b„lhsoldfor.     mS."  """«"■''«''»'• «3,281.91 

39aa,„i,s„,d,o;::::.u9:m.or;-:;--°^ 5,^^.19 

Torr's  Triumph.-While  the  Bates  flag  flut- 

.Noitl,  the  broad  pennant  of  the  Booths  was 
si-read  upon  the  autumn  breeze  from  a  moated 
manor  house  in  Lincolnshire,  where,  unZ  the 
guidance  of  the  squire  of  Warlaby  irje  so„ 
the  challenge  met  with  a  response  tha    re-' 

demic  foot-and-mouth,  and  now  leaned  for  Z" 
port  upon  the  great  herd  which  the  gen  uTof 

till    '""T  "^  ^"^''^"<^"  ''^d  bullded  by 
S'  ^.  r  °^  Mwavering  devotion  to  Booth 
^lulls.      The  well-knit  frame,  the  cheery  sun 
at-noonday  smile,  the   organizing   S,  the 


h    * 


498 


A  HISTORY  OF  SHORT-HORN  CATTLE. 


dauntless,  warm  heart  whence  welled  unfla^'. 
ging    energy,   determined    perseverance,    elo- 
quent speech  and  endless  hospitality"  was  to 
be  seen  no  more  about  the  picturesque  cot- 
tages or  among  the  fine  old  trees  of  Ayleshy, 
but  the  results  of  a  long  and  useful  life  were  in 
striking  evidence  in  those  rich  East  Anglian 
pastures.    When  it  came  to  be  known,  there- 
fore, that  the  herd  was  to  pass  at  auction  on 
the  2d  day  of  September,  1875,  beneath  the 
shifting  sands  of  Thornton's  fateful  glass,*  the 
very  flower  of  England's  Short-horn  chivahy 
assembled  to  do  honor  to  the  memory  of  one 
of  the  most  striking  personalities  British  agri- 
culture has  developed.    Indeed  the  fame  of 
Aylesby,   its    Short-horns,    its    Leicesters,  its 
ponies  and  its  well-kept   fields  had  extended 
to  the  four  corners  of  the  earth.     The  story  of 
how  the  great  tenant-farmer  had   begun  by 
leasing  Leonard  in  1844;  of  his  persistent  hir- 
ing of  Mr.  Booth's  best  sires;  of  his  recourse  to 
the  Mantalinis  of  Barnes  of  Westland,  Ireland, 
while  Warlaby  was  contending  with  diseiise: 
of  his  creation  of  the  Bright,  Flower,  the  "G." 
the  "M"  and  other  famous  Riby  and  Aylesby 
families,  was  familiar  to  all  the  well-informed 
cattle-breeders  in  Europe,  America  and  Aus- 

•The  English  auctioneer  uses  a  sand-grlass  In  closing  bids.  After  due 
warning-  the  glass  is  held  aloft  and  the  sand  allowed  to  run.  The  last  bid 
in  before  the  npper  chamber  of  the  glass  empties  Itself  Into  the  bottom 
secures  the  animal. 


A   OOLDEN   AGE. 


499 


topersion  of  the  herd  was  announced  visitors 
«iu  far  and  near  gathered  literally  bvthe 
thousaud.     Luncheon  had  been  set  for  ]  500 
gnes  s,  a  great  canvas  accommodating  2000 
peoUe  was  provided,  and  yet  the  crowds  over 
flowed  all  Aylesby  and  vicinity.    Grelt  landed 
propnetors  and  peers  of  the'realm  mingled 
w.th  emment  breeders,  all  intent  upon  show 
ng  their  respect  and  love  for  the  man  wrn 

».  h  the  throng,  eagerly  examining  the  cattle 
and  making  notes  on  the  various  lot«  prepa^a 
tory  to  laying  bids  for  absent  principiL     Tf 
was,  in  brief  a  scene  that  has  i  ad  few  para 

Of  elKT'Sd'S^^  ^"'^  '''  '''^^ 
s  ^y^y  uve  neaa  ot  J  orr's  own  produrfinn 

g.iKed  all  things  considered,  as  the  most  re 
markable  i-esult  ever  yet  w;rked  ourw  Z 

.on  of  perfoction."    Fortunately  for  himself 
rom  the  date  when  he  first  began  his  final 

H  soZtT:"*'r^ ""''  "^^'^  tils  as  sS: 

H'  sought  to  produce  animals  combining  snpe- 


fiftlfejj'f 


ffPwTr 


500        A    HISTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN    OATTLE. 

rior  quality,  with  faultless  pedigree,  uniformity 
of  character  and  "hard,  nay,  iron  constitu- 
tions." He  bred  for  o))lique  shoulders,  great 
fore  ribs,  strong  loins,  and  heavy  flesh  possess- 
ing mellowness  without  softness,  and  covered 
with  abundance  of  furry  hair;  avoiding  at  all 
times  what  is  generally  referred  to  as  "loose 
handling."  To  his  sound  judgment,  his  un- 
equaled  knowledge  and  experience,  his  un- 
changeable determination  to  keep  his  best 
"even  when  tempted  by  the  golden  hand  of 
fashion"  may  be  attributed  the  fact  that  his 
herd  at  the  time  of  his  death  was  called  "the 
best  large  herd  in  Britain." 

Torr's  favorite  family  was  the  Flower  soi-t, 
descended  in  the  maternal  line  from  Robert 
Colling's  Wildair;  whose  own  brother,  Phe- 
nomenon (491) — the  sire  of  Angelina,  the  dam 
of  Belvedere — was  counted  at  Barmpton  a  bet- 
ter bull  than  Comet.  The  Aylesby  Flowers 
traced  to  Wildair  through  the  famous  roan 
Nonpareil,  the  highest-priced  cow  at  Robert 
Colling's  sale  of  1818 — sold  to  Earl  Spencer  at 
370  guineas.  The  tribe  came  into  Mr.  Torr's 
hands  in  1841  through  Flora  of  Farnsfield,  by 
Rinaldo  (4949),  a  bull  of  Booth  blood.  The 
great  cow  Highland  Flower  (see  sale  list  be- 
low) was  of  this  family.  The  five  head  sold 
averaged  $2,880. 

The  Ribys  and  Brights  went  back  to  Booth's 


K:f  ' 


A   GOLDEN   AGE. 


601 


Anna  by  Pilot,  through  Rose,  a  cow  bought  by 
Whitaker  at  the  Studley  sale  of  1834  Rose 
had    two  daughters,  White    Rose,  by  James 

The  Brights  came  from  the  former  and  the 
Ribys  from  the  latter.  Altliough  several  crosses 
0  extraneous  blood  intervened  in  the  breerg 
of  these  Aylesby  Annas  between  the  Wliitake? 
purchase  of  1834  and  the  subsequent  return  to 
Warlaby  lines  m  the  hands  of  Mr.  Torr  in  1851 
he  r.un.tmg  of  the  Booth  currents  proved  a 

TTe  rfi  *";•  ''■  ^-  ^'*°*''  ^ook  -^ 'vantage 
h  rd  at  wf,  I  ^Tf"""  *"  ^^m<^nate  the 
thh  so^  7rX  ^^^  ^^  transferring  the  best  of 
this  sort  to  his  own  pastures.    For  Bright  Em- 

.WJ,900-the  highest  ever  given  for  a  cow  of 

Zair  The'r'";^  ?  *°  ^'^^^  •^■^^^  >" «-"' 

Hritaiu.    The  twenty-two  Annas  made  the  as- 
tounding average  of  |4,180  each 

Mr.  Torr's  "G"  and  "M"  tribes-so  called 
f>om  the  fact  that  those  were  the  initial  let  m-s 
used  respectively  in  the  family  nomencttu^l " 
had  a  common  ongin  in  the  herd  of  Mr.  Rob- 
son.  Ihe  ancestral  dam  of  the  "Gs"  was  Gold 
en  Beam,  and  of  the  "Ms"  Moonbelm  both 
boug  t  about  1840  and  sired  by  ptce  6omet 
Seat  1     «*™»gly-b'-ed  Warlaby  bulls  made 

ion  t  "^"^    '"""  "P°"  *''*^  ^^^d  old  founda- 
tion, producing  many  good  Short-horns     The 


om^ 


S'  I       I 


JPI' 


502 


A   HISTORY   OP  SHORT-HORN  CATTLE. 


'^Beams''  wero  reduced  to  but  seven  head  at 
the  sale,  but  made  an  average  of  $1,530  each 
the  "M"  cow  Mountain  Vale  fetching  $2  5()(j 
from  the  Earl  of  Tankerville. 

Although  a  devout  believer  in  Booth  blood 
Torr  had  an  eye  for  a  good  beast  however  bred 
He  was  impressed  at  the  Bates  dispersion  sale 
by  the  excellence  of  the  Waterloos.    Mr  Bates 
had  bred  and  sold  to  Rev.  T.  Cator  Waterloo  ;]d 
by  Norfolk,  fj'om  which  Mr.  Cator  had  Water 
Witch,  by  4th  Duke  of  Northumberland  {mm. 
The  last-named     )w  w^as  bought  by  Mr.  Torr  in 
1845,  and  from  her  a  large  and  meritorious  fam- 
ily of  Booth-topped  Waterloos  descended     In 
the  herd  catalogue  for  1868  no  less  than  forty 
cows  and  heifers  were  included.    At  the  sale  of 
1875  twenty-one  head  brought  an  averatre  of 
$1,275  each.*  ^ 

Several  other  families,  including  the  Tellu- 
rias— descended  from  a  cow  of  that  name  bred 
byj:arl  Spencer  and  sold  to  Col.  Towneley- 

Bhow^buiT-b?''^'"^^^  ^T^'  ^""^^  °'  Northumberland  (1940)  as  the  "brst 
Bhow  bull  he  ever  saw.  It  la  related  that  he  once  went  to  Kirklevlngton 
tu\l  ^M*''  ^^'^  °'  Northumberland,  believing  him  to  be  even  Ibet ter 
Batea  add.^f^^'n  ""r"-  ^"  ^^^^^-^^-^  -^  to  price  was  macie,  iTu. 
Bates  added  the  stipulation  that  the  bull  must  not  serve  more  than  tvvontv- 

cZrnotJZV'V  *^''  '>'^-'^«^ll»n.  to  pay  .ho  price  u.Ued,  b,u 
^^n   .»H?.^  ^"""^  '"^  '•e^t'-iction  upon  his  use.    At  that  time  1„.  1,,... 

about  thirty  cows  and  heifers.  Bates  repeated :  -I  should  not  like  hl„.  to 
Deputtomore  than  twenty-five  cows,"  whereupon  Mr.  Torr  dropped  the 
matter,  saying:  "Very  well,  Mr.  Bates,  you  have  got  your  bull  and  1  have 
got  my  money."  It  is  recorded  that  Mr.  Torr  had  expressed,  aloup  with 
many  other  of  Mr.  Bates'  visitors  tha«  year,  an  admiration  for  his  three 
cows  by  Whitaker's  Norfolk.  These  estimates  did  not  meet  with  Mr. 
aaiis  ai;proval,  and  he  fiuMlly  sold  two  out  of  tie  three,  to-wit.;  Blanche 
M  and  Waterloo  3d,  as  some  alleged  "to  get  rid  of  the  eulogy." 


PLE. 

1  head  at 
,530  each, 
»g  $2,50U 

oth  blood 
3ver  l)re(|. 
rsion  sale 
Ml-.  Bates 
terloo  8d, 
ad  Water 
lid  (3649). 
r.  Torr  in 
ions  fam- 
ided.     In 
lan  forty 
16  sale  of 
erage  of 


le  Tellu- 
^me  bred 
vneley— 

as  the  "brBt 
Clrklevlngton 
even  a  better 
ladc,  but  Mr. 
than  tweiity- 
:e  asked,  but 
time  he  liad 
t  like  him  (o 
dropped  the 
!l  and  I  have 
i,  along  with 
or  IUh  tliree 
lit  with  Mr. 
'It.;  Blanche 


/I 

'5 


U 
.0 


V  : 

H  i 

^< 

T.     ' 

— <    > 

re  •<. 

h 

at 


M   C 

-      N 

0 
H 


J 
J 


^ 


Sl> 


A   GOLDBN   AGE.  503 

were  included  in  tl,e  herd  at  the  time  of  the 
sale,  hut  wo  have  not  space  to  supply  details 
concerning  them.  '^^  "e'aiis 

The  follomns  is  a  list  of  such  animals  only 
as  hrought  $H.im  or  upward  at  this  extrao.di^ 
nary  sale  As  i„  the  case  of  the  for,.going  re- 
port  of  the  I  un  more  sale,  the  English  prices 
reduced  to  their  equivalent  in  American 
g<  Id,  which  was  at  that  date  at  a  premium 

»5.!ra7  r  *'"    "^"^"^''    «"'"«''  ^«rt" 

COWS  AND   nKIPERS. 

Bripht  Empress,  roan,  calved  July  19   iS7l-  crnt  hv  t«,i 

Highland  Flower,  roan,  calved  Aui?  fi  "iSfis '.  .r^i  k  ';;'  '";■.■■    ^'^^^ 
Phipf  lomoo,  ' ,  «.    i  ^-'iivcu  Aug.  0, 1808 ;  got  by  Mountain 

Riby  Marchioness,  roan,  calved  March " 81 ;' 1875-" "got' bv    ^'^^^ 
Knight  0    the  Shire  ,26553)  out  of  RiLy  Peeress  bv 

Bu,bt  Marchioness,  white,  calved  July  20,  IsVl'-' '.o't"  by      ' 

pidie  (lydd?)— H.  Chandos  f  Jie-Gell  ,  no^ 

"riuht  Spangle,  roan,  calved  March  8  is«« .'  '^^^  'u"t^:"      ' 

BnghtDeslgn,  roan,  calved  Feb  7  is;-,   .Mh,;tr     V.'    ;     '^ 
^niei  (,i()j83)  -Rev.  Mr.  Staniforth 5  9-0 


504 


A    HIHTORY   OP   SHORT-HORN   CATTF-E. 


Bright  Dowamer,  red,  llttlo  white,  calved  Nov.  12,  1873;  got 
by  Diiko  of  York  (123804)  out  of  Briiprht  Queeu  by  Fitz- 
Ciarouce  (14552)— B.  St.  Johu  Ackers |4,812 

Rlby  Pearl,  white,  calved  Jan.  1, 1874;  Rot  by  Knight  of  the 
Shire  (26552)  out  of  Riby  Peeress  by  Breastplate— Hugh 
Aylmer 4^543 

Bright  Jewel,  roan,  calved  Feb.  1, 1874;  got  by  Knight  of 
the  Sliiro  (26552)  out  of  Bright  Spangle  by  Prince  of 
Warlaby  (15107) -T.  C.  Booth 4.63;j 

Flower  of  Germany,  red.  calved  April  18,  1869;   got  by 

Breastplate  (19337)— T.  H.  Miller 4  .543 

Lowland  Flower,  roan,  calved  April  12, 1871 ;  got  by  Manfred 

(26801)— B.  St.  John  Ackers 4,782 

Foreign  Queen,  roan,  calved  March  7,  1873;  got  by  Bllnk- 
hoohe  (28428)  out  of  Foreign  Empress  by  Fitz-Royal 
(26167)-Mr.  Crosby  of  Ireland 4.812 

Bright  Qlueen,  red-and-white,  calved!  July  19,  1864;  got  by 
Fitz-Clarence  (14552)  out  of  Bright  Princess— Lady 
Pigot 4  484 

Riby  Empress,  red,  calved  Nov.  4,  1872 ;   got  by  Duke  of 

York  (28804)  -J.  W.  &  E.  Cruickshank,  Scotland 4,484 

Flower  Alpine,  red-and-white,  calved  Oct.  11,  1870;  got  by 

Lord  Napier  (26688)— Mr.  McCulloch,  Australia 4,244 

Fair  Saxon,  red-and-white,  calved  March  11,  1869;  got  by 

Breastplate  (19387)— B.  St.  John  Ackers 4,185 

Flower  of  Holland,  red,  little  white,  calved  Aug.  8,  1871 ; 

got  by  Breastplate  (19337)— Mr.  Wardle 4,065 

Riby  Lassie,  red,  calved  May  7,  1869;  got  by  Blinkhoollo 

(23428)  out  of  Riby  Countess— T.  C.  Booth 3,796 

Riby  Peere.ss,  roac,  calved  Sept.  18,  1865;  got  by  Breast- 
plate (19387)  out  of  Riby  Queen— T.  C.  Booth 3,587 

Bright  Swede,  roan,  calved  July  23,  1874 ;  got  by  Lord  Cain 

(31630)  out  of  Bright  Sa^on— Mr.  Wilson 3,587 

Flower  of  Belgium,  roan,  calved  June  17, 1872 ;  got  by  Royal 

Prince  (27394)— Mr.  Phillips 3,587 

Foreign  Beauty,  roan,  calved  Feb.  26,  1875;  got  by  Knight 

of  the  Shire  (26552)  -Hugh  Aylmer 3,108 

Warluck,  red,  calved  Feb.  25,  1871;  got  by  Lord  Napier 
(26688)  out  of  a  Waterloo  dam— Mr.  McCulloch,  Aus- 
tralia      3,108 

Flower  of  the  Rhine,  roan,  calved  June  12,  1874;  got  hy 

Knight  of  the  Shire  (26552)— Sir  William  S.  MaxwcU. . .    3,049 


A   GOLDEN    AGE. 

Moantaln  Vale,  red-and-whito,  calved  Feb.  14,  l^flO;  got  by 
Blinkhoollo  (aa4a8)-Mr.  Wilson 

BDLL8. 

Kiby  Knight,  roan,  calved  April  14,  1874;  got  bv  Knl<rht  nf 

Xm'7  n:  r  -'  "'^^  ^--ie  4  Lfn^l^S^i  e' 
(2J428)-J.  Marshall  of  New  Zealand 

^""i'rT:  ™'*";^fl^«d  July  6, 1872;  got  by' Royai" Prince 
^"'shlre  S.?''^!'  T-  ''•  ''''^'  «ot  by  Knight  of  the 


605 


•8,079 


4,185 


4,185 


4,186 


2^^     T  ^^«^^)j)ut  of  Lady  Adah  by  Killerby  Monk 

(20058)-J.  H.  Pickrell,  Harristown,  111.,  u.  S.  A 8,848 

.';3  females  sold  for  liatK  "yje;  qa.  „«  _ 

l.i  bulls  sold  for      'r^lf.    an  average  of $3.99435 

85 animals  sold  for o^Ckt    ^°  *^«'^^«  «^ 2,lt.,87 

lor -43,144.57 ;  an  average  of 2,860.62 

Additional  importations.— Mr  J    H    Pick 

!?"' '''^'?.T'''  V''''''^  ^^'^  Americans  present  at 
he  English  sales  of  1875,  made  two  shipments 
for  account  of  himself  and  Mr.  J.  H.  Kissinger 
of  Missouri     The  first,  which  came  out  from 
London  in  August  along  with  some  Clydesdale 
horses^  long-wooled  and  Southdown  sheep  and 
Herkshire  pigs,  included  some  first-class  heifers 
Irom  the  noted  herd  of  Messrs.  Hosken  of  Corn- 
wall,  a  pair  of  roan  Booth  heifers  from  Hugh 
Aylmer  of  West  Dereham  Abbey,  Norfolk,  and 
two  Bates-bred  yearlings  from  J.  W.  Larking 
one  a  bull  and  the  other  a  heifer,  and  both 
biied  by  Grand  Duke  of  Geneva  (28756)     The 
second  shipment  was  made  from  Glasgow  in 
September  and   included   Mr.   Pickrell's  pur- 


miti 


W?r.  •  -VJSi  J'    ir.' 


506 


A    HISTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN    clATTLE. 


chases  at  the  Terr  sale,  the  $3,350  roan  bull 
Lord  Lamech,  the  red-and-white  bull  calf 
Flower  Lad,  the  red  "G"  cow  Germania,  the 
roan  Watarloo  heifer  Waterloo  Shield,  by 
Knight  of  the  Shire  (26552),  and  the  red  bull 
calf  2d  Marquis  oi  Worcester  of  the  Bates  Wild 
Eyes  tribe  from  Dunmore  at  $900. 

Messrs.  Cochrane,  Beattie  and  Hope  of  Can- 
ada imported  in  October,  1875,  twenty-five 
head,  mainly  of  Bates  breed "ng;  and  on  tho 
same-  steamer  four  females  were  shipped  to  .'^. 
R.  Streator  c "  Cleveland,  0.,  and  six  for  Albert 
Crane,  a  Chicago  capitalist  owning  the  Durham 
Park  Ranch  in  Kansas.  In  November  eleven 
head  were  imported  by  Mr.  Robert  Ashburner 
of  California. 

Coming  events  were  already  beginning  to 
cast  portentous  shadows  before.    Even  while 
speculation  in  stock  of  the  Bates  and  Booth 
tribes  was  at  its  very  heighth  shrewd  and  prac- 
tical men  v/ere  turning  their  attention  to  the 
herdT  of  Sjotland,  hitherto  little  known  in 
America.    In  1874  Mr.  Robert  Milne,  a  former 
neighbor  ^nd  friend  of  Amos  Cruickshank  of 
Aberdeenshire,  had  imported  a  half-dozen  fe- 
males and  the  bull  Viscount  18507  from  the 
Cruickshank  herd.    Favorably  impressed   by 
these  Messrs.  Lowman  &  Smith  of  Toulon.  III., 
imported  during  the  summer  of  1875  seven  fe- 
males   from    North    Britain,    including    two 


A  GOIxDEN   AGE. 


507 


Cruickshank  Butterflys  and  a  Missie  from  the 
herd  of  Mr.  Marr  of  Uppermill;  but  of  these 
more  anon. 

Another  Bsnick  exportation.  -  Prominent 

Lughsh  dealers  in  cattle  of  the  Bates  blood 
continued  to  set  a  high  valuation  upon  Mr 
Renicks  Rose  of  Sharon?,  and  in  August,  1875' 
an  a.l,litional  shipment  selected  by  Simon  Beat- 
t.e,  consisting  of  seven  cows  and  heifers  wos 
mat  e  on  an  order  from  Earls  Dunmore  and 
Bective  M  a  reported  price  of  125,000  The 
Dunmore  purchase  consisted  of  the  roan  cow 

^^Z  n\'  fn  ^""^^  "'  ^"•^"<''  Norah  7th, 
l).v  4tli  Duke  of  Geneva,  and  Duchess  17th  bv 

sa."e  are  which  were  in  England  christened 

^n^S^'l  nT.°*  Lnskentyre,  Bed  Rose 
f  I)..In,ally  and  Red  Rose  of  Killigray.    Lord 
^ective  took  ior  his  herd  at  Underfey  Hall 
fiosebud  10th,  Duchess  16th  and  Lenor,.;2d,  al 

A   lie  3d.    These  were  also  given  titles  on  the 
other  side   in  the  order  mentioned,  to  corre- 

tae  as  follows:    Red  Rose  of  Tvveeddale,  Red 

J    E,  e  "f  Ttt;  ^'"^  ^''  °f  ^"*sdai;  a.  d 
ited  Kose  of  Eskdale. 

North  EJ^horn  (Ky.)  importation.-On  Oct. 
vt  lu  K^  «feo    seventy-nine  head  was  made 

resulted  in  an  average  of  |652  per  head.    This 


I 


1.  I    >i 


508       A   HISTORY  OF   SHORT-HORN  CATTLE. 

company  had  made  an  importation  of  more 
than  forty  head  from  England  in  May,  1875; 
the  cattle  being  selected  by  Messrs.  Richardson 
&  Boswell  acting  as  agents  for  the  company. 
Some  of  the  animals  of  this  importation  after- 
ward acquired  high  rank  as  producers  of  first- 
class  stock.  Bates  blood  predominated  in  the 
shipment,  but  there  was  also  included  the  good 
cows  Lady  Seraphina  6th  and  Seraphina  Caris- 
sima  3d  of  Lord  Sudeley's  breeding.  There 
was  also  a  sprinkling  of  Knightley  and  Booth 
blood.  The  imported  cattle  were  sold  along 
with  a  lot  of  home-bred  stock  on  date  above 
mentioned,  top  prices  ranging  as  follows: 

Seraphina  8d— W.  H.  Richardson,  Kentucky $2,800 

Pretty  Miss  Prim— George  M.  Bedford,  Kentucky  . . . .'.....,  2,400 

Georgia  Hillhurst— C.  M.  Clay,  Kentucky 2^050 

Acacia— E.  G.  Bedford,  Kentucky [..'["  I'goo 

Georgia  Clarence— E.  L.  Davison,  Kentucky 1,900 

Lady  Seraphina  6th— John  R.  Craig,  Canada l,m 

Surmise  Duchess  9th— T.  J.  Megibben,  Kentucky 1,576 

Lady  Seaham  of  Roseneath— W.  &  W.  Pickrell,  Illinois 1,500 

3runette  8d— J.  W.  Burgess,  Kentucky 1,275 

l|[Jna— J.  G.  Kinnaird,  Kentucky 1,225 

Cateress— H.  C.  Hutchcraf  t,  Kentucky ........."...  l|225 

Duke  of  Wotton  3d— E.  L.  Davison,  Kentucky 1,235 

Bohemian  Knightley— E.  G.  Bedford,  Kentucky 1,050 

Alpha— H,  P.  Thomson i,060 

Water  Girl— W.  L-  Grimes,  Kentucky I'ooO 

Azalea  2d— W.  N.  Offutt,  Kentucky '. 1,000 

Closing  events  of  1875.— In  December,  1875, 
the  national  convention  was  held  at  Toronto 
under  the  Presidency  of  Mr.  Pickrell.  Ifter 
adjournment  a  combination  sale  from  the  herds 


A  SOLDEN  AGB. 


509 


Of  J.  R.  Craig,  Col.  J.  B.  Taylor  and  Samner  & 
Hilton  was  held,  at  which  Mr.  Cochrane  paid 
?^'?rJ°''  K'*'eviiigton  Duchess  18th.  Ayres 
f,  f"^'/"*"*?  «f  Kentucky  bought  the  17th 
Ouke  of  Airdrie  at  |4,500,  and  Mr.  Ayres  took 
^lace  Sharon  at  .$2,900.  Simon  Beattie  bid  off 
Duchess  of  Eaby  at  |3,0.50,  and  S.  R.  Streator 
took  Gmce  4th  at  $3,300.  Princesses  again 
(•ominanded  good  prices,  quite  a  number  sell- 

""  1,;r,  *^-^^  '°  *2'2W-    Mr.  Cochrane 
Jf4*!''"^^f<":  Careless  8th,  and  Groom  &  Son 

S;!w  tQ^r*^*  F"'"-  ^  P"*"'  "f  Constances 
etched  13,100.  and  the  bull  imp.  Baron  Hub- 
back  2d  went  to  M.  W.  Terrill  at  |2  500 

Dunng  the  year  1875  115  public  sales  of 
Short-horns  were  held  in  America,  at  which 
iM7  head  were  sold  for  a  total  of  $1,832  383 
Hii  average  of  |422.    During  the  same  time 
tlien.  were  sold  in  Great  Britain  fifty-five  lots 
aggregating  2,355  head,  at  an  average  of  $515' 
One  of  the  cnaracteristic  outgrowths  of  this  re- 
markable period  of  activity  in  the  trade  was 
the  appearance  of  Bailey's  Slwrf-hom  Reporter 
'«ued  from  the  office  of  Mr.  Allen,  proprietor' 
f  the  American  Herd  Book.    It  was  a  qnar- 
teily.  modeled  on  the  general  lines  of  John 
Ihornton  s  invaluable  English  Short-horn  Cir- 


I    l!  i.i-    ! 


CHAPTER    XVII. 


I! 

Ji 


THE  TURN  OF  THE  TIDE. 

On  the  surface  there  was  still  great  appar- 
ent enthusiasm  on  the  basis  of  the  extraordi- 
nary range  of  values  already  established,  l)ut 
the  trade  of  1876  developed  indications  that 
the  market  was  becoming  "top  heavy."  As 
is  usual  in  the  case  of  all  such  extensive 
speculations  there  had  been  a  great  expansion 
of  credits.  Notes  given  for  cattle  bought  at 
high  prices  were  beginning  to  mature.  Such 
paper  now  became  the  subject  of  closer  scru- 
tiny at  the  hands  of  prudent  bankers,  and  this 
fact  marked  the  beginning  of  the  end  of  the 
most  astounding  trade  in  pedigreed  cattle  to 
be  found  in  agricultural  history.  The  decline 
at  first  was  neither  sudden  nor  severe,  and  for 
several  seasons  great  prices  were  occasionally 
obtained.  In  fact  average  values  held  up  well 
under  heavy  offerings,  but  nevertheless  the 
waters  of  speculation  were  now  palpably  re- 
ceding. Space  admonishes  that  we  must  deal ' 
more  briefly  with  the  details  of  the  transac- 
tions attending  the  subsidence  of  the  "boom," 
and  we  shall  therefore  in  this  chapter  only 

(510) 


Tf    I 


TH.  WoooBUKK-BHEr.  lOxH  DUCHESS  OP  AIRDRIE. 


11 


IMP.  MAID  OF  HONOR 

^'■ed  fy  r.  Game,.  i.npo,te^  ,87,  Ky  tke  late  Si.non  Beattie. 


ifl    hI 


„l 


I  lift    +^ 


fill  ' 


1 

'       'ii         ' 

■  i 

■  *    ' 

' 

if|.4li.^. 


THE   TURN  OP   THE  TIDE. 


511 


sketch  the  most  noteworthy  events  during  the 
great  down  turn"  in  values  marked  by  the 
period  extending  from  1876  to  1880. 

Hon.  George  Brown  and  Bow  Park.— In  the 
sprmg  of  1876  the  Hon.  George  Brown  of  Can- 
ada, one  of  the  most  remarkable  characters 
ever  identified  with  the  Short-horn  trade  in 
America,  proceeded  to  Scotland  (the  land  of 
his  birth)  and  through  the  assistance  of  his 
brothers-in-law  Messrs.  William  and  Thomas 
Nelson,  of  the  great  firm  of  Thomas  Nelson  & 
Sons,  organized  a  limited  company  under  the 
name  of  the  Canada  West  Farm  Stock  Associa- 
tion    While  this  enterprise  was  launched  at  a 
most  unfortunate  time  for  the  stockholders 
and  was    therefore    foredoomed    to  ultimate' 
tmancial  failure,  its  operations  were  so  exten- 
sive and  were  carried  forward  with  such  enter- 
prise that  a  deep  impression  was  made  upon 
the  fortunes  of  the  breed  on  this  side  of  the 
Atlantic. 

Mr.  Brown  had  come  to  Toronto  from  Edin- 
burg  as  a  young  man  and  had  worked  himself 
up  through  the  field  of  journalism  and  politics 
into  the  very  highest  circles  of  power  in  the 
Dominion.  He  had  for  many  years  been  pro- 
prietor of  the  Toronto  Globe,  a  paper  known 
all  over  Canada  as  "the  Scotchman's  bible '» 
I'ersonally  he  was  a  man  of  marked  force  of 
character,  and  his  vigorous  intellect,  combined 


.  ,'  1       ;t;r.    rr  ,.* 

«ll^ 


512 


A   HISTORY   OP   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


with  a  commanding  physique,  rendered  him 
one  of  the  most  conspicuous  figures  of  his  day. 
Inflexible,  as  a  rule,  in  his  dealings  with  others, 
and. a  dictator  in  his  editorial  office,  he  failed 
to  control  the  political  elements  with  which 
he  came  in  contact,  but  animated  by  an  ambi- 
tion to  promote  the  material  interests  of  his 
adopted  country,  and  having  a  natural  taste 
for  agricultural  pursuits  he  took  up  first  at 
Bothwell,  a  small  town  west  of  London,  Ont., 
and  latterly  at  Bow  Park,  Brantford,  Ont.,  the 
business  of  farming.    Naturally  a  man  of  broad 
ideas  he  developed  at  Bow  Park  the  breeding 
of  Short-horn  cattle  upon  a  most  extensive 
basis.    In  June,  1874,  an  invoice  showed  that 
he  had  then  upon  the  farm  330  Short-horns,  of 
which  274  were  females  and  fifty-six  bulls.    At 
that  time  his  plan  was  to  rear  the  cattle  on 
what  is  known  as  the  ''soiling"  system.    The 
Short-horns  were  never  turned  out  to  graze, 
but  had  green  food  during  the  summer  months 
and  dry  fodder,  along  with  beets  and  turnips, 
during  the  winter.*    In  addition  to  being  ex- 
ceedingly expensive  this  system  was,  of  course, 

♦While  in  attendance  at  some  of  the  Kentucky  sales  Mr.  Brown  com- 
mented in  the  most  complimentary  terms  upon  the  excellence  of  the  Ren 
Ick  Rose  of  Sharons,  his  expression  ordinarily  being:  "  A  grand  lot  of  cat- 
tle; but  they  ought  to  bel  "  A  Kentucklan  finally  asked  the  Canadian  visi- 
tor what  he  meant  by  the  latter  part  of  his  remark.  He  replied  in 
Yankee  fashion  by  asking  the  question:  "  How  many  acres  In  Mr.  Renlck's 
farm?"  He  was  Informed:  "Mr.  Renlck's  estate  consists,  sir,  of  about 
2.!)00  acres  of  the  beat  blue-^rass  land  in  Central  Kentucky,  sir.'"  To  which 
Mr.  Brown  rejoined :  "  I  believe  that  great  body  of  laud  carries  only  a  herd 
Of  100  cattle.    We  have  had  at  Bow  Park  360  head  upon  POO  acres." 


THE   TURN  OP  THE  TIDE.  OUJ 

nnnatural.    The  herd  at  that  tin.e  consisted 
...am  y  of  cattln  of  mixe.l  l.reeding,  «ood td^ 

li   sim    1 11"'  '"' *"  *''"  ''«He'«."t  «on    - 
.Jimg   still    better   existed    the    enterorisin,, 

Ti:;'xt„tif '  "•'""  '^  «''-^-"e 

0  ilal  he,^)  ?,      "'^  '?''  I"""f'^«ted  and  the 
oiij,inal  held  disposed  of  at  low  prices  hut  f„r 

mflecteTt"^  ""r'"^  '^^  practiL;  vahi'V: 

eflected  throughout  the  whole  of  Canada  in 

the  steers  produced  upon  the  Dominiorfarms 

wilh  :  .^:>  r  '!''^*  *'"™  ^''^-'^  AssociatiX 
with  a  capita  ,.ation  of  $400,(K»0,  made  its  ini- 

t.»l  importation  hythe  Polynesian  from  Live  - 

V  two  r-  '"l"'  "^'"^  ^'^  f°"°^«''  i"  Ju' V 
I>.V  t«o  other  shipments,  aggregating  in  all 

bied  cattle.    It  was  the  plan  of  the  company 
t"  .  'il'ori  only  animals  of  the  finest  indivklual 

r  J/od  tr'""  *?.  •*'"  ■"««*  popular  strains 
id'  ul"  r"''^*'"°g  "k«  «200,0()0  was  rep. 

tlnfcamf  o  f  "^^'^f  ««-In  the  shipment 

liat  came  out  from  Liverpool  i„  July   187G 

V  he  good  ship  Circassian  was  a  long  lank 

S  K  '"■r'7;*''<^'-''y«''a"8eand  sired  hy  18th 

J  '    D„t     f  r^f  ^^*  ''"*  *>*  Duchess  W9th 

0  hm»        °*  ^'f'"  (2^^^*'>-    Mr.  Brown  was 

so  little  enamored  of  this  youngster  upon  his 


514 


A    HISTORY   OP  SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


arrival  that  his  first  idea  was  to  return  liim  to 
Englanti  and  have  him  resold.    Fortunately  for 
himself  and  the  Bow  Park  Short-horns  better 
counsel  prevailed.    It  was  pointed  out  that  tho 
calf  had  been  badly  kept  on  a  farm  on  the 
Yorkshire  ''wolds"  and    had    proved    a  poor 
sailor  on  the  Atlantic.    He  was  accordingly  re- 
tained at  Bow  Park  and  lived  to  develop  into 
the  crowning  glory  of  that  great  Shoit-honi 
breeding  establishment ;  known  to  8hort-horn 
fame  for  all  time  to  come  under  the  title  of  4tli 
Duke  of  ClaTence.   He  developed  all  of  the  best 
points  of  Mr.  Bates'  old  type,  with  few  of  the 
defects  shown  by  many  of  his  carelessly-bred 
relations.    Maturing  into  a  massive,  mellow- 
fleshed  bull  of  beautiful  quality,  grand  breed 
character  and  commanding  presence  the  4th 
Duke  was  the  pride  of  his  day  and  generation 
among  the  adherents  of  Bates  Short-horns  in 
the  new  world.    Mated  with  the  many  good 
cows  and  heifers  imported  and  bought  for  the 
Bow  Park  Herd,  and  under  the  skillful  manage- 
ment of  the  late  John  Hope— who  took  charge 
of  the  herd  in  1878— he  sired  many  valuable 
cattle  that  gained  high  honors  in  the  show- 
yards  of  Canada  and  the  United  States,  con- 
spicuous among  which  may  be  mentioned  the 
celebrated  white  bullock  Clarence  Kirkleving- 
ton,  champion  of  the  American  Fat-Stock  Show 
of  1884.   The  4th  Duke  proved  not  only  a  great 


THE   TURN  0F  THE  TIDE. 


5lr, 


«t"ck-getter  but  was  also  shown  with  success 

l,P  r2  P  I  Vt  "f  ^mained  at  the  head  of 
the  Bow  Park  Herd  until  his  death,  which  oc- 
curred 111  1887.  vmiui  oc- 

Opening  sales  of  1876.-The  sales  this  year 
opened  .n  Iowa,  where  a  laigo  number  of  cat 
tie  were  offered  at  West  Liberty  and  bes  Moiiies" 
No  sensational  prices  were  made  except  a   S." 

li  S$/o  0  r'T^'t^'"'  °f  ^y"'^''« "-« 

UKl  oa  at  17.050  by  D.  S.  Bussing  of  New  York 
D.  M  Flynn  took  Roan  Princess  at  |3,900  Bu  -' 
ang  bought  Lncy  Napier  at  $2,475,  and  Mim"i; 
Aunandale  2d  for  $2,500.    For  Loudon's  M  nn  e 

SelWBTv^t    I'l  ''^r'^  ^^^^  ^'■'''-  "- 

Pmir^j'^  p'n '■''  "^  Springwood  fetched 
il;-T  ,  K  °^^  ^-  ^'^""'^  "*■  ""n«is-  Jacobs' 
14(.  head  brought  $80,895.  an  average  of  $59-5 

C.h.  Barclay  sold  eighty-eight  head  tor  $27  275 
and^Campbell  &  Chase  ninety-seven  head  for 

III  Illinois  Davis  Lowman  of  Toulon  held  a 
r'  which  was  topped  by  the  Crnickshank  cow 
Red  Lady  3d,  bought  by  W,  &  W.  Pickrell  foT 
W,"UU.    A.  J,  Dunlap  paid  $1,010  for  the  Scotch- 

W  lev  of  r      '   7y°'"'"S'   I"-  bought  Miss 
nuey  of  Green   Lawn  for  $1,100,  and  J   H 
i'pears  paid  11,006  for  the  bull  Sam  wiley 


li  ■ 

516 


A   HISTORY   OF   8H0RT-U0KN   CATTLB. 


12880.    At  A.  J.  Dunlap's  sale  Mr.  Speara  paid 
$1,8()0  for  Fanny  Hunt  5tli,  and  Geor»re  Otley 
of  Neponset,  III.,  $1  OOO  for  Sonsie  Lass  2(1. 
Potts  buys  imp.  Duke  of  Richmond.— At 

Springfield,  111.,  on  May  ;{  J.  II.  Ki^ssinger  sold 
twenty-two  cattle  for  $25,335,  an  average  of 
$1,152.  D.  A.  Rouner  of  Newark,  Mo.,  bid  off 
the  bull  2d  Marquis  of  Worcester  at  $3,000  and 
the  cow  Knightley  Belle  at  $2,275.  J.  H.  Potts 
&  Son  bought  the  Scotch-bred  imp.  Duke  of 
Richmond  for  $2,250,  the  cow  Mattie  Richard- 
son at  $1,805,  and  2d  Louan  of  Lin  wood  at 
$1,850.  W.  &  W.  Pickrell  took  Caroline  Coch- 
rane  at  $2,100.  A.  E.  Kimberley  of  West  Lib- 
erty paid  $2,700  for  Loudon  Duchess  of  Bedford. 
Mr.  J.  H.  Pickrell  owned  a  half  interest  in  the 
cow  last  named,  and  at  the  same  time  and 
place  sold  ten  head  of  cuttle  at  an  average  of 
$862,  including  Countess  of  Cornwall  at  $2,050 
to  Col.  Robert  HoUoway  and  Countess  of  Ox- 
ford 4th  at  $1,500  to  James  N.  Brown's  Sous, 
On  the  following  day  Messrs.  Spears,  lies,  et  al., 
sold  at  Springfield ;  Harvey  Sodowsky  paying 
$1,600  for  Airdi'ie  Bloom,  and  Winslow  Bros,  of 
Kankakee  $1,025  for  Prairie  Blossom. 

Col.  Holloway's  big  average.— On  May  25 
Col.  Robert  HoUoway  sold  sixty-tln-ee  cattle 
at  Dexter  Park,  Chicago,  for  an  average  of 
$1,087.  The  to;,  price  was  $4,250,  given  by  A. 
J.  Streeter  ci:  low  Windsor,  III,  for  Rose  of 


M^iii 


THE   TUKN  Of  THK  TIUK. 


617 


Sharon  of  Durham  Liiwp,     Th= 

2.1  tho  We  r  i.  ■  ""  ""!'•  O'^f"'-'!  Ji«au 
II"|.e  1  „^  "■■°"  "^  '""■''»'"  L'™"  John 
R'"Hl,,..„ro   £,^e   on'  '""'  ;'*\'''"''«™«e  of 

William  TiJ„i';t,frorr''/''';'''"'''''' 

e.050.    StreptBvu  »      '^'■<'*<'f'<y  paid 

tl'O  bull  Grt  ,d   A     1^  f-oo.lness  and  $1,426  for 
H""<lnoss.  '        ^°''  *^'^"«^''*  ^"C'ess  of 

ciSago'  S""";"!  "r  ^-  ^-  ^°"^«  -'^j  -^ 

W.800  f;,r     he   pf.  ^"■'"'    "''^'''^^d    '^«i"K 

»f  Brat   eUt\^;";;-^,7-  7th   ^'^"'^  ^'^'^ 

of  Wisconsin     Thf        ^  """'"^  *  ("lodspeed 
«tl>  La<^  Sale  of  R  'h',"^   '^^''^''^-^  mveh>,^d 

iil  VK        ,   •         '''^  *'"^^  ""P-  Maid  of  Honor  ot 
M„)&  and  injp.  Nectar  nt  «l  /uuv  "V"°"0'^at 

from  the  herdof  Woic      t      '^-    ^*  '^  ^a'" 

Nichols  of  West  L^et""  "^""^.V"-^*  ''"^  ^'^^v 

Ro^e  of  Wood  dean  fl'T  r^'''"',!"'  '-^  ««'' 

'"•.paid  11,000  ?o'::£,:Bite;4";;'"'''"™' 


'■V  -li'^l 


ft. 

518 


A    HISTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


At  the  Meredith  sale  at  Cambridge  City,  Ind.. 
in  June  fifty-two  head  brought  $20,555,  the 
most  notable  transact  ion  of  the  day  being  the 
purchase  of  4th  Mazurka  of  Chesterfield  by 
Walter  Handy  of  Kentucky  at  $2,525.  At  Ste- 
phen Dunlap's  sale  in  Illinois  Gen.  C.  E.  Lip- 
pincott  gave  $1,800  for  imp.  Jubilee  Gwyime. 

Albert  Crane  pays  $23,600  for  an  Airdrie 
Duchess.— At  Cochrane,  Beattie  and  Hope's 
sale  in  Canada  Albert  Crane  of  Chicago,  wliose 
purchases  of  cattle  for  his  17,000-acre  ranch  at 
Durham  Park,  Kan.,  have  already  been  men- 
tioned, came  into  the  market  for  Duchesses, 
and  took  Airdrie  Duchesses  2d  and  3d  at  |21,- 
000  and  $23,600  respectively.  J.  P.  Foster  of 
England  bought  Wild  Eyes  Lassie  at  $4,500. 
Col.  Le  G.  B.  Cannon,  a  wealthy  Vermoiitei-. 
took  Kirklevington  Duchess  18th  at  $4,000. 
Messrs.  W.  &  W.  Pickrell  of  Illinois  bought  tl  e 
bull  Baron  Siddington  at  $2,^00.  The  fifty- 
four  head  averaged  $1,709.  About  this  same 
date  Avery  &  Murphy  of  Port  Huron,  Mich.. 
purchased  Airdrie  Duchess  5th  as  a  calf  from 
Mr.  Cochrane  for  $18,000.  At  a  sale  by  Joliii 
Snell's  Sons,  held  in  Canada  at  same  time,  \V. 
Williams  of  Massachusetts  ^-ave  $1,520  f<ir 
Lady  Seraphina  6th,  and  N.  G.  Pond  of  Milford. 
Conn..  $1,800.  Hon.  George  Brown  of  Bow 
Park  sold  at  Toi-onto  in  this  same  series,  re- 
ceiving $1,500  from  John  R.  Craig  for  3d  Duch- 


THE   TURN   OP   THE   TIDE. 


519 


ess  of  Springwood,  and  $1,000  from  S  W 
Jacobs  of  Iowa  for  Mazurka  10th.  Messrs  A 
H  &  I  B.  Day  sold  at  Keokuk,  la.,  on  June*  15,' 
West  Liberty  breeders  proving  the  best  buyers 
Messrs.  Jacobs  &  Wilson  bought  the  three 
Scotch-bred    females  imp.  Golden    Drop  1st 

^,"^(0  and  U,^7b  respectively.    D.  Wilson  & 
Son  also  bought  Louan  of  Van  Buren  at  $1  200 
$17,900  for  14th  Duke  of  Thorndale.lAt 
the  Kentucky  summer  sales  of  1876  the  highest 
price  ever  made  in  America  for  a  bull  of  any 
hreed  was  obtained    for   the  14th    Duke    of 
Thorndale  (28459).    He  was  sold  by  George  M 
l)edford  and  knocked  off  at  $17,900  to  Mr  W  c' 
Vanmeter  of  Winchester.  Ky.,  bidding  for  Levi 
(Tott  of  Pans,  a  son-in-law  of  Mr.  Bedford's 
At  this  same  sale  A.  L.  Niccolls  of  Ottawa' 
Kan    bought  $18,000  worth  of  stock-twelve 
head-incl  iding  Lady  Bates  6th  at  $6,000.  the 
bull  Imperial  Bates  at  $3,300,  and  the  20th 
Duchess  of  Goodness  at  $2,100.    The  security 
endered  on  his  notes,  however,  was  not  satis- 
actory  and  the  cattle  remained  at  Mr   Bed- 
fon I's.    Mr.   Embry  of  Richmond,   Ky.,'  took 

vt'n  r     f^  ^.*.  ^^'^^^^  ^"'^^i^  ^^lle  3d  at 
^4.0o0,  and  Oneida  Belle  at  $2,000.    At  a  sale 
m^^rle  by  B.  J.  Clay,  Hall  &  Taylor  and  B.  F 
TlZi  ^\^^*y-««e  cattle  sold  for  an  average 
rt  mo.    Brown  and  Gregg  of  Canada  paid 


520        A    HISTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 

$1,425  for  Roan  Duchess  12th,  and  II  C.  Smith 
of  Kentucky  $2,750  for  Cambridge  Rose  5th. 
A  pair  of  Valley  Princesses  brought  $2,300  from 
Corbin  &  Patterson.  At  Leslie  Combs'  sale 
Hon.  Geoi-ge  Brown  and  Maj.  Gregg  paid  $1,400 
for  Moss  Rose  2d.  At  Walter  Handy's  Ware 
&  McGoodwin  of  Kentucky  bought  4th  Mazurka 
of  Chesterfield  for  $1,740.  On  Aug.  17  at  Chil- 
licothe,  0.,  George  Grimes  and  others  sold  fifty- 
three  cattle  for  $17,680.  At  this  sale  John 
Montgomery  of  Granville,  0..  paid  $1,000  each 
for  Oxford  Gwynnes  2d  and  fith  and  Rose  of 
Cashmere.  J.  S.  Kirk  of  Washington  C.-H. 
gave  the  same  for  Elsie. 

Closing  events  of  187^.— In  the  autumn  of 
this  year  Ware  &  McGoodw^in  of  Kentucky  sold 
the  3d  Duke  of  Oneida  at  public  sale  for  $6,800 
to  Ayres,  Barton  &  Hutchcraft  of  same  State. 
At  a  sale  by  H.  P.  Thomson  in  Kentucky  forty- 
one  head  averaged  $977.  Quite  a  lot  of  Prin- 
cesses v^rere  included  and  a  determined  effort 
was  made  to  secure  long  prices  for  them. 
Winslow  Bros,  of  Illinois  took  4th  Princess  of 
the  Valley  nt  $2,200;  Col.  J.  B.  Taylor  of  Canada 
Princess  of  the  Valley  at  $2,450;  Hon.  M.  H. 
Cochrane  2d  Princess  of  the  Valley  at  $2,500, 
and  Col  Simms  of  Kentucky  Highland  Maid 
()th  at  $1,C50.  For  the  Bates-bred  2d  Duchess 
of  Kirklevington  F.  J.  Barbee  gave  $2,000  and 
Belle  Duchess  was  bid  off  by  Joseph  Julian  of 


THE   TURN   OP   THE   TIDE. 


521 


Bainbridge  N.  Y.,  at  $4,000.   At  Bush  &  Hamp- 
ton  svsale  Abner  Strawn  of  Illinois  gave  $2,050 

or  Geneva  Kose.    At  J.  V.  Grigsby's  no  less 

ban  thirteen  head  sold  in  the  four  figures;  the 
iamiltons  0   Mount  Sterling,  Ky.,  took  Sharon 

ose  at  $3,400;  Col.  Simms  bought  Geneva 
Kose  at  $2,325.  and  W.  C.  Yanme^er  severat 
Ingh-priced  lots.  The  $1,000  mark  was  also 
passed  several  times  at  the  sales  of  Robinson, 
Bean  and  the  Hamiltons.  In  conneotion  with 
Ayres  &  McClintock's  sale  August  Whitman 
sold  two  Princesses  (Tuberoses)  to  T.  L  Mc- 
Keen  of  Easton,  Pa.,  for  $2,750. 

During  1876  there  were  sold  at  auction  sale 
111  America  4.014  animals  for  $1,366,805,  an  av- 
erage of  $341.28.    Of  these  1,151  head  were  sold 

"il^r^l^  7nTV^''  head  in  Kentucky 
ror  ;|)d/'d,bdU,  751   head   in   Iowa  for  $232,475 

Ihe  general  average  was  $41  below  that  for 
IS^o.  In  Great  Britain  2,802  head  were  sold 
at  auction  for  $728,270,  an  average  of  $260 
Ufii.-'ri, 

B.  B  Groom  &  Son  shipped  six  more  Renick 

if.u  t^^T  ^*'''  -^^^^^  ^^  England,  and  also 
sold  the  6th  Duke  of  Kirklevington  (30182)  to 
J.  li.  Shelley  of  Freeport,  111.,  for  $5,000.  An- 
other event  of  general  interest  this  season  was 
he  removal  of  Messrs.  A.  M.  Winslow's  Sons 
(Henry  and  Peleg),  with  their  herd  of  Prin- 
cesses, from  Putney.  Vt.,  to  Kankakee,  111 


',iiilll 


522 


A    HISTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


Pickrell  &  Kissinger. — lu  the  early  spring 
of  1877  Messrs.  J.  H.  Pickrell  and  J.  H.  Kissin- 
ger pooled  their  valuable  Short-horn  holdings, 
one  half,  headed  by  imp.  Flower  Lad  23170 
(Torr-Booth)  and  Baron  Siddington  (Bates), 
being  maintained  at  Clarksville,  Mo.,  and  the 
other  portion,  with  the  imp.  Lord  Lamech 
(34578),  at  Harristown,  111.  We  have  already 
detailed  at  some  length  Mr.  Pickrell's  promi- 
nent identification  with  Western  Short-horn 
interests,  and  have  made  some  allusion  to  Mr. 
Kissinger's  successful  operations.  Some  fur- 
ther facts  in  reference  to  the  latter's  connec- 
tion with  the  trade  will  be  of  interest. 

Mr.  Kissinger  was  born  in  Pike  Co.,  Mo.,  in 
1840  from  Kentucky  parentage.  Reared  on  a 
farm  and  possessed  of  great  natural  love  for 
agricultural  pursuits,  he  developed  a  deep  in- 
terest in  Short-horns  and  in  1867  made  his  first 
appearance  in  Western  show-yards.  At  the 
Illinois  State  Fair  of  that  year  he  exhibited  a 
grade  Short- horn  steer  four  years  old  weighing 
2,400  lbs.,  to  which  a  first  prize  was  awarded. 
The  bullock  was  afterward  sold  to  J.  H.  Spears 
for  $300.  It  was  here  that  Mr.  Kissinger  made 
}iis  first  purchases,  buying  the  cows  Dove  3d 
(A.  H.  B.,  Vol.  VIII,  p.  816)  and  Beauty  (Vol. 
VIII,  p.  257);  the  latter  proving  a  grand  show 
animal,  beaten  at  St.  Louis  in  1871  only  by  Col. 
King's  renowned   imp.   Rosedale.     Kissingei's 


THE   TUKN   Of   THE   TIDE. 


523 


next  purchase  was  at  J.  H.  Spears'  sale  in  1868 
wljere  he  bought  the  cow  Iva  Jones  (Vol.  XV 
1.  1.08)  and  her  bull  -tlf  Duke  of  Airdrie  9800 
« liich  stood  at  the  head  of  liis  herd  for  four 
years  and  proved  a  successful  show  bull  as  well 
as  a  sire  of  prize-winners.  The  next  addition 
to  his  herd  consisted  of  four  females  trom.Mr. 
K'krell's  bought  in  1869.    Among  these  was 

som  in  1871  to  Thomas  S  Pdup  of  r'..i;f„,.  ■ 
fni.«i«nA    f         ,o„       "^^  J^age  ot  UUitornia 
foi  $1,800.    H-oui  1870  to  1872  he  made  numer- 

ous  purchases  of  females  in  Kentucky,  and  in 
J.nic,    1873,  made  his  first  sale  at  Linwood 
aim  his  residence  in  Pike  Co.,  Mo.,  when  fifty 
Head  l.rought  an  average  of  |400.    In  1874  he 
p.irdiused    largely  from  the    best   Kentucky 
l.erds,  .securing  Kissinger's  Breastplate  17476  at 
^^x  months  old  at  $1,250,    His  next  purchase 
ra>.  the  yearling  Cruickshank  heifer  imp  Or- 
ange Blossom  18th  for  .$2,500.  which  he  kept 
or  one  year  and  sold  to  Mrs.  Kimberly  of  West 
Liberty  tor  .13,500     He  also  bought  the  after- 
jvard  celebrated  Scotch-bred  bull  imp.  Duke  of 
to;  imond.  subsequently  so  famoi  ^  in  the  herd 
0  Messrs.  Potts.    Mr.  Kissinger  was  one  of  tl'e 
ni^t  to  recognize  the  great  merit  of  the  Aber- 
eenshire  Short-horns  on  this  side  of  the  water 
"deed  nnp.  Duke  of  Richmond  laid  the  ionn'. 
Uion  for  their  later  popularity  in  this  coun- 
tiy.    In  1875  he  bought  a  car-load  of  Cruick- 


i 

i 

i 

I 

i 

1 

1    d 

■ifm 

!f!Sf"i 

i 

IN 

V 

524        A   HISTORY  OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 

shank-bred  cattle  from  James  I.  Davidson  of 
Canada.  At  the  great  WesLern  fairs  that  year 
his  herd,  headed  by  imp.  Duke  of  Richmond, 
and  including  the  cows  Mattie  Richardson, 
Caroline  Cochrane,  Caroline  Pickrell,  2d  Louan 
of  Linwood,  and  Pretty  Jemima  2d,  won  first 
pri^e  at  Jacksonville,  III;  Hannibal,  Mo.;  the 
Illinois  and  Iowa  State  Fairs,  at  St.  Louis  and 
Louisiana,  Mo.  The  cattle  were  then  sold  at 
auction,  as  already  detailed.  The  famous  show 
herd  of  J.  H.  Potts  &  Son  was  largely  founded 
from  this  stock. 

Messrs.  Pickrell  &  Kissinger  were  for  years 
ruling  spirits  at  our  Western  shows.  During  a 
period  of  twelve  years,  running  from  1867  to 
1879,  cattle  shown  in  their  names  won,  in  com- 
petition with  the  best  herds  of  the  United 
States  and  Canada,  prizes  aggregating  $40,000. 
Their  aim  was  ever  individual  merit  in  the  an- 
imal and  the  promotion  of  the  best  interests  of 
the  breed.  Lavish  in  their  expenditures  for 
high-class  Short-horns,  enterprising  and  per- 
sistent in  their  efforts  at  demonstrating  the 
excellence  of  the  breed  in  the  great  show- 
yards  of  the  West,  it  is  but  simple  justice  to 
record  that  no  men  ever  connected  with  the 
American  Short-horn  trade  have  done  more  to 
set  up  correct  standards  and  further  the  sub- 
stantial interests  of  Short-horns  on  this  side  of 
the  Atlantic. 


THE  THRN  OF  THE  TIDE. 


525 


Spring  sales  of  1877._The  opening  sales  of 
1S,7  were  disappointing,  but  at  John  Bond'a 
3  tit  o7m""' "',"  *\«.  Scotch-bred  imp.  Ztil 

J  tfiplT^  "'f  ^T^"'^'  ^'""ShttmO  from 
J  Mctlellan  of  Astona,  111.,  and  imp.  Butterfly 
4.  th,  from  S.ttyton,  fetched  $1,000  from  George 

cde  at  West  Liberty  A.  Shropshire  of  Monroe 
a.,  gave  $1,600  for  the  Cruickshank  he^er  VU-' 

Wo?  s'nl     T'"  '°I  ^""y  Napier.    C.  Mc- 
tuiie  of  Solon,  la.,  paid  $1,460  for  the  Bates 

mvnnp.Acomb  Belle,  |1, 200  for  the  Scotch- 
red  imp.  Golden  Drop  2d,  $1,000  for  Golden 
'op  A    and  $1  120  for  imp.  Maid  of  Honor 

L  es  at  $700.  A  cross  of  this  bull  upon  the 
golden  Drops  produced  the  branch  of  this 
h..e  Kinellar  family  that  afterward  became 
so  celebrated  in  the  herd  of  Col.  W  A  Harris 

:  I'S'-P^T  rt'^'"''  "yAbner  s£r 
at  l)e.\ter  Park,  Chicago,  Mav  8  Trimble  & 

Henshaw  of  Plattsburg,  Mo.,  gave  $2,425  fot 

orL'   n    t     ■''*  °f  Minnesota  paid  13,000 
tor  Pen  s  Duchess,  and  William  Slater  of  Mass- 

ZL     IVr-^  V  Ba"«y  &  Ooodspeed  of  Wis- 

a me  n1.       ^^'PP'l^.ot*  *  Spears'  sale  at  the 

same  place  Gen.  Lippincott   bid  off  the  22d 


Ifr 


i: 


Hk 


520 


A    HISTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN    CATTLE. 


Duchess  of  Airdrie  for  $15,000,  and  the  21st 
Duke  of  Airdrie  was  knocked  down  to  William 
Babcock  of  Canton,  III,  at  $8,000.    On  June  6 
the  22d  Duke  of  Airdrie  was  sold  by  Richard 
Gibson  at  London,  Ont.,  to  Col.  Le  G.  B.  Cannon 
of  Vermont  for  $4,900;  Rosy  Princess  2d  to 
Winslow  &  Wadsworth  for  $1,250;  Rosy  Prin- 
cess 5th  to  A.  L.  Stebbins  of  Detroit  for  $1,225; 
Ursuline  3d  at  $1,500  and  Constance  of  Lyndale 
6th  at  $1,000  to  Col.  Cannon;  thirty-nine  head 
averaging  $591.    On  the  same  day  John  Hope 
sold  Kirklevington  Duchess  8th  to  U.  J.  Harris 
of  Webster,  Mass.,  for  $2,300,  and  Duchess  of 
Clarence  12th  at  $1,500  and  Docile  at  $1,225  to 
Hon.  George  Brown  of  Bow  Park.    At  the  same 
sale  T.  L.  Harison  of  New  York  sold  the  Prin- 
cess Lady  Gertrude  to  Winslow  &  Wadsworth 
for  $4,000.    Shortly  after  this  sale  Mr.  Hope 
took  charge  of  the  herd  at  Bow  Park.    During 
the  summer  Messrs.  Winslow  sold  six  young 
Princess  bulls  at  an  average  price  of  $1,000 
each,  the  19th  Duke  of  Airdrie  being  in  service 
in  their  herd  at  the  time. 

At  S.  Meredith  &  Sons'  summer  sale  the 
Messrs.  Hamilton  of  Mount  Sterling,  Ky., 
bought  the  20th  Duke  of  Airdrie  for  $6,975.  In 
their  Flat  Creek  Herd  this  bull  afterward  left 
a  very  valuable  set  of  heifers;  many  of  which 
were  introduced  into  prominent  Western  herds. 
He  seemed  to  "nick"  particularly  well  with  the 


PTLE. 


^1  the  21st 
to  William 
On  June  6 
by  Richard 
B.  Cannon 
cess  2d  to 
Rosy  Prin- 
for  $1,225; 
of  Lyndale 
-nine  head 
John  Hope 
L  J.  Harris 
Duchess  of 
,t  11,225  to 
t  the  same 
the  Prin- 
V"ads  worth 
Mr.  Hope 
:.     During 
six  young 
of  11.000 
in  service 


'i       i 

li 

1 

■  1      1 


THE   TUKN   OP   THE   TIDE.  507 

composed.  ^  '"'  'ai-gely 

l/s  w\^'f 'T '"^'^  ''^'^  ^tWest  Liberty 

can's  sale  in  Missouri  B  F  w"  •.^"^" 

Hope   bought   two  Ki,.klevin«ton3  at  sS" 

Cochrane  at  Windermere.-On  Sect  4  1S77 
•'t  Bovvness,  Cumberland  aniirl  tha?  '.  ' 
«uno„„di„gs  of  the  Lake  "    I  ct  of  M   ^h' 

rru^^r -c"  ^^^ '« X  andX: 

t  non   M.  H.  Cochrane  of  Hillhur^f   Parf 
offeied  at  public  srIp  fhiVf,,  +     "^^^^urst,  tan., 

^or  this    purpose    from    P.  "^^^  ^^''f  "^P"^"*^^^ 
eleven  Iipnri  kT  Canada,  along  with 

*'.e  cleavest-Mghted 'Z^SeSd^rh-^thi 


"1 

HI 

'^ 

Fl'    |: 

"i^ppl 


I,   m    a.  &Mi 


1 

■1 

62S 


A   UI8T0UY   OP   HIIORT-UOKN   CATTLE. 


Short-horn  trade.    He  was  one  of  the  first  to 
profit  by  the  rising  tide  of  Short-horn  values  in 
America  after  the  close  of  the  Civil  War;  en- 
gaged boldly  and  profitably  in  the  early  Durli- 
ess  speculations,  made  numerous  sales  at  higli 
prices  to  leading  buyers  on  both  sides  the  At- 
lantic,  and  when  he  observed  that  America  was 
not  taking  kindly  to  the  high-priced  Booths, 
began   turning  them  back  upon  the  English 
market.    In  the  fall  of  1875  he  sold  to  Mr.  A. 
H.  Browne  of  Northumberland  five  Booth  heif- 
ers at  a  reported  price  of  $17,500.    During  that 
same    year    he    exported    Royal   Commander 
(29857)  and  sold  him  at  the  Aylesby  sale  for 
1,150  guineas  to   Hugh  Aylmer.     In  August, 
1876,  he  shipped  two  heifers  and  three  year- 
ling bulls,  also  of  Booth  blood,  to  Scotland,  and 
in  1877,  as  above  mentioned,  he  appeared  at 
Windermere  with  a  group  of  cattle  deep  in  the 
most  fashionable  Warlaby  blood.*     Believing 
also  that  the  English   market  at    this   time 
afforded  a  better  prospect  for  high  prices  for 
Bates  cattle  than  America  he  included  in  this 
shipment  the  red  Duchess  heifers  3d  and  5th 

■  r 

»  Mr.  Cochrane  attributed  the  failure  of  the  Booths  to  score  a  epecula- 
tlve  success  In  America  during  this  period  largely  to  the  fact  that  Ameri- 
can buyers  at  that  time  insisted,  as  a  rule,  upon  fine  style  and  finish.  The 
Booths,  more  especially  the  bulls,  were  somewhat  Inclined  to  routrhness 
about  their  heads,  having  been  bred  more  for  flesh  and  constitution  tiiin 
for  refinement.  Again  they  ran  strongly  toward  light  colors.  Another 
reason  was  found  In  the  fact  that  quite  a  number  of  the  high-priced  Im- 
ported Booth  cows  and  heifers  had  failed  to  breed. 


Apt 


THE  TUKN   OF   THE   TIDE. 

DiK^hesses  of  Hillhurstand  the  2(J  Duke  of  Hill- 

hiuvst. 

Tlie  event  demonstrated  that  Mr.  Cochrane's 
JiKlgment  was,  an  usual,  not  at  fault*  The 
rl'^'f  ,f 'V^"«hess  of  Hillhurst  was  taken 
l.y  Earl  Bective  at  4,300  guineas,  the  highest 
I>n(.e  ever  paid  for  a  cow  in  Great  Britain;  the 
yearling  3d  Duchess  went  to  R.  Loder  at  4  100 
giiuieas,  and  the  six-year-old  2d  Duke  of  Hill- 
hurst  to  A.  H  Longman  at  800  guineas.  The 
Biites-bred  heifers  Marchioness  of  Barrington 

present  the  occasion  BtlrreU  the  Br  tSh  g™"°  ^"^^''^a"  bidders  wore 
l;«  v,.0.  depths.  Senator  CochrLeS'shrrd'y^SLerht."  'T'""'''  '^ 
the  iMdvy-wel^hte  of  both  the  Bates  and  nnTfwn  *^  ^°°^  '°  *"'"»«* 

«..«  Intense,  as  record  Prices  were  mSJf  of  th!^  n  i""''  '^''^  ««cltement 
.l.e  «ale  a  rather  clever  parody  eaUtS  ••^e%^""'''f'  "*'''*"'"-  ■''"«'  "*"«' 
MlnKton  Mock-alay,"  appeared  ^n  f  J?  t  ^  Farmada,  by  Thomas  Bab- 
^hlch  we  make  the  fonowlnrexcerpt^:  °'°"  '^'"^^*  •^^"*^.  '«•«>« 
"Hli'h  on  hla  break  sits  Bective;  meek  nniir  «v,^  -i 

•  *  * 

Waves  now  the  field  for  Warlaby  as  VesDPr  Qta,. ^   . 


^^ 

f^^ 

IH'ft  ,J 


53n 


w 


A    HISTORY    OF    SHORT-llOKN    OATTLK. 


and  Lady  Surmise,  that  had  also  been  expoitt d, 
fetched  respectively  800  guineas  and  400  guin- 
eas from  Sir  W.  H.  Salt.  The  Booth  cow 
Vesper  Star  went  to  Mr.  VV.  Talbot  Crosbie  of 
Ardfert  Abbey  at  1,000  guineas.  The  eleven- 
year-old  Vernal  Star  made  450  guineas  to  Mr. 
Darby  The  nine  year-old  cow  White  Rose,  by 
Mountain  Chief,  was  taken  by  Rev.  T.  Staui- 
forth  at  300  guineas.  Mr.  John  Torr,  M.  P., 
bought  Bright  Lady,  a  nine-year-old  roan,  at 
330  guineas.  British  Queen,  eight  years  old, 
became  the  property  of  Rev.  T.  Staniforth  at 
230  guineas,  and  Welcome  Lady  and  Queen  of 
Beauty  were  bought  by  Mr.  J.  B.  Booth  at  226 
guineas  and  120  guineas  respectively. 

Mr.  Beattie  did  not  have  as  good  luck  with 
his  lot,  although  the  41st  Duchess  of  Goodness 
(of  Kentucky  breeding)  fetched  205  guineas 
from  Earl  Bective.  His  Princesses  and  other 
American-bred  cattle  sold  at  low  figures. 

Sale  summary  for  1877.— During  this  ye;u- 
3,237  vShort-horns  were  sold  in  America  for 
$742,871,  an  average  of  $230,  a  falling  off  of 
1111  per  head  from  the  average  of  1876.  In 
Great  Bi-itain  2,455  head  were  sold  at  an  aver- 
age of  ahout  $274,  an  increase  over  the  average 
of  1876  of  about  $12.  During  the  year  Col. 
Guntei-  had  received  $10,000  for  the  Duchess 
bull  5th  Dnke  of  Clarence,  a  brother  to  the 
Bow  Park  4th  Duke  of  Clarence.    On  Sept.  18 


li:;  f\ 


«!' 


THE    TURN   0-    THE    TIDE.  531 

i-'ti.  ud.  of  oS  0  H  It;  1/  't  ^ 

.   d  the  7t],  Duke  of  Glosfer  (89735)  to  the 

esses  at  S  .rli     .      r  """■  '"'''  *'''''•'"  »"<-li- 
f ,  m  T<  *  ,^'"''!  "■o'^-e  Lodge,  receiving  813  750 

^;'0  from  the  wealthy  brewer  H.  Allsonp  f^v 
(.rand  D„che«.s  29th;  $9,000  from  Z7ie} 
mersdaJe  tor  Cherry  Gran,!  Dnchess  4«  •  $7 S 

Hssi^P.  ^"'.''./'-  ^'"'"'''^^  fo'-G'-'^'H"  I>"l<e 

Uieiry  Grana  Duchess  8(1,.  On  July  5  Geora-e 
»  made  a  sale  at  Elmhurst  Hall  at  S 
AIlsopp.  gave  15,500  for2cl  Cambridge  Lady  a,  , 
3,500  tor  Geneva's  Kirklevington  Duchess  At 
W.lham  Ashburner's  sale  at  ConisheL  G^nge 
lli;^  Allsopp  gave  $3,900  for  15ri<rht  Ev,^TZf 

head  W,ld  Eyes,  by  24th  Duke  of  Airdrie     Mr 
Albert  Crane  sold  during  this  season  a  paifof 
A.rdne  Duchess  heifers  to  Mr.  Holford  0^^ , 
land  for  $28,000.  noiiord  of  Eng- 

iVotwithstanding  f;he.9e  faucv  figures  abroad 
H'-'  year's  business  closed  in  America  urbad 
-"'l"">».    Two  of  the  leading  spen^Cs "ot 


ill 


I 


III 


'M 


It) 


i 

( 

^Tnff ' 

*        ■ 

'    : 

IM  !  i     ,. 

■  !  ': 

ii 

■ 

^ 

IJM| 

1 
1  ■' 

•    J 

I 

532 


A   HISTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


the  United  States,  Messrs.  B.  B.  Groom  of  Ken- 
tucky and  S.  W.  Jacobs  of  Iowa,  had  been 
forced  into  liquidation,  with  heavy  liabilities, 
and  these  failures  only  proved  the  prelude 
of  many  others  to  follow.*  The  fall  sales  in 
America  were  everywhere  disappointing. 

No  Short-horns  were  imported  during  1877, 
but  some  sales  were  made  for  export  to  the 
Japanese  Government. 

A  falling  market.— There  were  some  private 
sales  during  1878  at  high  prices,  but  the  gen- 
eral result  of  the  year's  business  was  disastrous 
to  the  Speculative  element.  Numerous  failures 
in  the  American  trade  had  precipitated  gen- 
eral liquidation. 

The  assignment  of  the  Grooms  brought  178 
head  of  Bates-bred  Short-horns  upon  the  mar- 
ket at  auction  June  19  and  20,  1878,  but  sup- 
port was  furnished  by  numerous  bidders,  and  a 
general  average  of  $405  was  made  upon  the  en- 
tire lot.  Leading  sales  were  as  follows:  Kirk- 
levington  Duchess  of  Horton,  bought  for  Bow 

*  An  incident  of  the  trade  that  attracted  widespread  attention  abotit  this 
period  was  a  suit  for  damages  brought  by  Hon.  T.  J.  Meglbben  against  B. 
G.  Bedford,  both  of  Kentucky.  The  case  grew  out  of  the  purchase  by  Mr. 
Meglbben  of  Mr.  Bedford's  half  Interest  in  the  Duchess  bull  Duke  of  Wood- 
land that  had  been  dropped  by  the  4th  Duchess  of  Oneida,  purchased  jointly 
by  these  gentlemen  at  the  New  York  Mills  sale  for  $25,000.  Th«3  calf  was 
imperfect— showing  but  one  testicle— and  proved  Impotent;  hence  the  suit. 
The  most  eminent  lawyern  In  Kentucky  were  engaged  as  counsel,  including' 
the  Hon.  John  G.  Carlisle,  W.  C.  P.  Breckenrldgo  and  others.  Nearly  all  the 
leading  Kentucky  breeders  of  Sho^^horns  were  summoned  to  give  expert 
testimony.  The  jury  disagreed,  and  at  a  second  trial  the  result  was  Htlll 
the  same.   On  the  third  hearing  Mr.  Megibben  secured  judgment  for  W.OOO. 


THE   TURN   OF   THE   TIDE. 


533 


M.  H.  Cochrane,  $1,900-  LallvWfi.  J^atT'  ' 
ton  LalW  4  r  17  -V;'  ^'"'y  *'tn  and  Barring- 
ron  iiaiiy,  A.  L.  Hamilton,  $1  550  anrf  «i  kok 

spectively;  May  Rose  4th  Ooir.  pp*.'^^  '^' 
$2,010;  Bell  Duchess  A  P  n  f  "  ^-  ^''""""• 
f  and  4th  D„"ctSsVvf„"erorc'i^'T? 

l>o«ght  for  Bow  S  IfSiS^  ^f  «^f-^' 
Anderson  of  Side  View  W  i "  ^-  ^*"'"''" 
buyer  at  this  sale         '  ""''^'  '^"^  =*  ^"^^^ 

At  H.  N.  Moore's  sale  in  Iowa  T  R  w«  a 

auction  in  America  durin!  I87«?    '' '"i''/^' 
ttM.    The  sitnatiL.l^}        averaged  but 

English  il^^rbnsSsJrh  ''""■  "^  '''' 

During  the  same  per"od  2  877  hr;""'  "^P"^'" 
iiifirpat  Rvifo-      /""""  '=>o''  head  were  sold 

Tn«  1-      ^'"  ^*  ^^  ^^erage  of  $285. 
Top  prices  in  England  for  la^e     n    ,  ^ 
«ve  sold  DrivatPl^  f^  A  n        "'^8.— Earl  Bec- 

'i^  head  for  IS*55^'°PP  °*  ^'"'^"P  Hall 

WngSth  Duchess  of  On    j  *'"°°?  ^^^  """"ber 
York  Miiu  !^  ®'"^*'  purchased  at  New 

fo.k  Mills  and  now  transferred  at  a  reported 


I  I 


534 


A  HISTORY  OF  SHORT-HORN  CATTLE. 


I  I 


valuation  of  about  $22,500;  Duchess  of  Under- 
ley  2d,  a  granddaughter  of  10th  Duchess  of 
Geneva,  at  a  valuation  of  $15,000,  and  a  Red 
Rose  valued  at  $5,000.  Simon  Beattie  ship])ed 
during  this  season  to  England  for  account  of 
Mr.  Albert  Crane  the  27th  Duke  of  Airdrie  and 
some  Bates  and  Booth  females;  for  Avery  & 
Murphy,  Aivdrie  Duchess  3d  and  heifer  calf 
Airdrie  Duchess  9th,  4th  Ford  ham  Duke  of  Ox- 
ford and  Grand  Airdrie;  and  for  Pickrell  & 
Kissinger  the  Booth-bred  Bright  Lady  of  the 
Realm,  an  own  sister  to  the  famous  Breast- 
plate.^ The  27th  Duke  cf  Airdrie  fetched 
$2,225  at  the  sale  of  A.  Brogden,  being  bought 
by  Mr.  A.  H.  Lloyd. 

The  Duke  of  Devonshire  had  meantime  be- 
come one  of  the  great  Short-horn  powers  of 
Great  Britain.  His  herd  was  specially  dis- 
tinguished for  the  excellence  of  its  Oxfords, 
and  under  the  skillful  management  of  Mr. 
Drewry,  one  of  the  most  intelligent  of  all  those 
who  have  contributed  to  Short-horn  prestige 
abroad,  the  Holker  Hall  Short-horns  gained 
international  fame.  Drewry  was  probably  one 
of  the  best  judges  of  his  time,  and,  while  par- 
tial to  Bates  blood,  gave  careful  consideration 
to  the  individual  character  and  quality  of  the 
herd  under  his  charge.  At  the  Holker  sale  of 
1878    Baroness  Oxford  5th,  by  5th  Duke  of 


♦  Mr.  T.  C.  Booth  of  Warlaby  died  in  187a 


THE   TURN   OF   THE   TIDE. 


535 


at  lid  300;  Grand  Duchess  of  Oxford  22d  was 
bought  by  W  McCulIoch  at  110,500;  Grand 
^.chess  of  Oxford  21st,  by  Lord  Pen;yhn,  at 
hLoO,  Grand  Duchess  of  Oxford  40th  went  to 

in  /  ^%Q^.^f '^  ^^*  ^^'^^^'  *he  44th  Duke 

^7  00  "'^r  .^"^^'^  to  Lord  Fitzhardinge 
a  17,500,  and  the  46th  Duke  to  the  Earl  of 
Ellesmere  at  13,330. 

At  a  sale  made  by  Mr.  J.  W.  Larking  Sir 
Cur  IS  Lampson  gave  17,550  for  the  American- 
bied  3d  Duke  of  Hillhurst  (30975).    The  Duke 
ot  Devoiishire  invested  $4,525  in  Cherry  Duch- 
ess of  Hillhurst  and  $4,250  in  Marchioness  of 
l^orcester,  by  8th  Duke  of  Geneva;  and  Mr 
Allsopp  gave  $3,000  for  B.       of  Worcester     At 
a  sale  made  by  T.  Holford   A.  H.  Lloyd*  paid 
mm  f^^^'^^^^^^^lSth;  D.  Mcintosh  gave 
14,000  for  Viscount  of  Oxford  (40876),  and  All- 
.^opp  paid  from  $2,000  to  $3,000  for  several  lots 
Dark  days  of  1879.-The  year  1879  was  a 
repetition  of  tae  previous  season  except  that 
the  depression  in  values  of  such  cattle  as  were 
expected  to  sell  on  the  strength  of  their  breed- 
ing was  still  more  profound  on  this  side  of  the 
A  lantic     Trade  at   both  public  and  private 
i^ne  ill  America  was  flat,  and  hundreds  of  those 
who  had  been  chasing  the  rainbows  of  fashion 


ll 


Ml 


I' 

1, 


Ff"i 


^ 


n  • 


f       s?  • 


536 


A    HISTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


found  themselves  in  the  possession  of  cattle 
tiiat  were  not  good  enough  to  command  high 
prices  on  their  merits  as  individuals  and  for 
which  no  m;irket  existed  among  th"se  v»'ho  h:,(l 
been  engaged  in  the  mad  race  fo>  >''  blood 

regardless  of  all  other  consideratio  ..d.    There 
were  a  few  speculators  who  believed  that  the 
depression  was  only  temporary,  one  of  whom 
was  the  late  T.  Corwin  Anderson  of  Side  View, 
Ky.,  who  insisted  that  purchases  made  at  prices 
then  prevailing  would  ultimately  show  a  hand- 
some profit.     At  a  sale  made  from  Bow  Park 
at  Dexter  Park,  Chicago,  Oct.  17,  Mr.  Anderson 
gave  $1,000  for  Kirklevington  Duchess  23d;  but 
there  were  few  who  had  sufficient  courage  to 
take  hold  at  any  such  price.    The  total  number 
of  cattle  sold  during  the  year  in  America  was 
2,865,  disposed  of  at  the  very  unsatisfactory 
average  of  $115.    Of  these  more  than  2,000 
head  were  sold  under  the  hammer  of  Col.  J.  W. 
Judy.     An  illustration  of  the  general  desire  to 
liquidate  was  afforded  by  the  fact  that  during 
this  season  the  Hamiltons  of  Kentucky  sold  3^6 
liead  at  auction  at  Kansas  City  at  an  average 
of  $109  each. 

Wealthy  English  noblemen  and  land-holders 
still  managed  to  keep  things  moving  on  the 
other  side.  Mr.  Fox  sold  Duke  of  Elmhiust, 
out  of  the  American-bred  20th  Duchess  of  Air- 
drie,  to  go  to  Australia  at  $10,000.    At  Lord 


THE  TCEN  OF  THE  TIDE. 


537 


Dunmore  s  sale  Allsopp  gave  $16,000  for  Duch- 
ess 117th  and  113,500  for  Duchess  n4th,  and 
;.  ^"™'^„^'"npson  paid  $6,250  for  Duke  of 
Cnnwal  2d  (43082).  At  Lord  Skelmersdale'.s 
sale  at  Latham  House  in  September  Mr.  R 
Loder  of  Whittlebury  paid  $10,000  for  Duchess 
of  Ormskirk.  At  Lord  Braybrooke's  sale  at 
Audley  End,  Allsopp  gave  $5,000  for  Thorn- 
;  ale   Rose  7th;  Earl  Bective  paid  14,500  for 

W  (» 00  for  Thorndale  Rose  12th.    At  Col  Kings- 

ol'/n'^u^Zf  Fitzhardinge  gave  $5,500  for 

m  V,     n    "''  ""f^^"'  '•""  O^f"^-!  Beau  7th 
4,i082),  by  Duke  of  Hillhurst,  was  bought  by 

Mr.  Angas  of  Australia  at  $3,375.    Mr.  Angas 

i^lso  bought  a  number  of  the  get  of  Duke  of 

tonnaught  at  Lord    Fitzhardinge's   Berkeley 

«  7^'  f     V    ,",  ''•"""  '"^'^  ^'-  J-  A-  Bolls  gave 
W.750  for  Kirklevington  Empress  2d,  by  Duke 

In  iT"!?  *••    Notwithstanding  these  occa- 
m  b  eat  Britain  was  also  downward,  the  sales 

"e  of'  $2^0  ""^l'^^'"'^  '''^*  h^-d  ^^  an  aver- 
age ot  $240      This  average  would  have  been 

atenally  less  but  for  the  few  sensational 
prices  above  quoted. 

The  rally  of  1880.-The  panic  which  had 
pi-evailed  among  the  holders  of  speculative  lots 
m  America  for  several  years  had  now  spent 


h  ' 


iiiii 


58S 


A   HISTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


its  force  in  large  degree  and  a  somewhat  better 
feeling  prevailed.  On  June  30  Hon.  M.  H. 
Cochrane  ventured  the  sale  of  forty-three  head 
at  Dexter  Park,  Chicago,  which  made  the  hand- 
some average  of  $900.  This  result  was  largely 
due  to  the  liberal  bidding  of  Col.  Le  Grand  13. 
Cannon,  a  wealthy  fancier  of  Burlington,  Vt., 
who  paid  $8,000  each  for  the  7th  and  8th  Duch- 
esses of  Hill  hurst.  Mr.  N.  P.  Clarke  of  St. 
Cloud,  Minn.,  purchased  the  7th  Duke  of  Hill- 
hurst  34321  at  $3,900.  The  Bow  Park  manage- 
ment took  Kirklevington  Duchess  of  Kent  2d 
at  $2,600  and  Mr.  Bronson  C.  Rumsey  of  Niag- 
ara Stock  Farm,  Buffalo,  N.  Y.,  paid  $4,150  for 
Marchioness  of  Barringtons  5th  and  6th. 

In  December,  1879,  two  disastrous  fires  had 
occurred  among  the  buildings  of  Bow  Park,  the 
institution  suffering  great  loss.  The  indirect 
result  of  this  was  to  force  the  company  to  ship 
a  large  number  of  cattle  to  the  States.  The 
old  Glen  Flora  Farm  of  Messrs.  Parks  at  Waii- 
kegan,  HI.,  was  selected  as  a  suitable  distribut- 
ing point,  and  several  sales  were  afterward 
made  there  at  which  prices  ranged  well  above 
the  average  being  obtained  at  Western  sales,* 

The  Hamiltons  of  Kentucky  were  still  free 
sellers,  disposing  of  190  head  at  Kansas  City  in 

*  The  Hon.  George  Brown  died  in  the  spring  of  1880;  hla  death  resulting 
from  a  shot  flred  by  one  of  the  employes  in  the  office  of  the  Toronto  Globe, 
111"  Rhootirg  reaul'ert  in  a  flesh  wound  from  which  blood-po'soiiiiitf  set  Iii. 


,  hi ;. ;; 


HII 


THB   TUKN   OF   THE   TIDE.  539 

May  for  an  average  of  $118.    At  a  sale  in  Chi- 
cago they  sold  sixty-four  head  nt  »„  «Z  \ 
^:'ni  at  which  Msls.  E  Wa nf  t  K^      :i?i;v 
I-:.   11,300  for  the  cow  Rosebud.    AW  500 
.eud  were  sold  at  auction  in  Kentucky  during 
Ins  summer;   Mr.  T.  C.  Anderson's  Ltv-sif 
.  ad  averagmg  $227;  Vanmeter  &  Hami  io  's 
fiy-hve  head  average,!  |304;  W.  T.  Hearne's 
fifty-two  head  averaged  1287;  I.  C.  Vanmeter's 
nineteen  head  averaged  $320;   E.  S  Cunninl 
ham  paying  fl  510  for  Sharonls  Beauty  "^1" 

Lie  Tr  "V^^-^^"^^  W'SW  for  Sharon's 
Belle.  Messrs.  Tracy  sold  forty-nine  head  at 
an  average  of  $272  ** 

The  3^222  head  sold  publicly  in  America  dur- 
mg  880  averaged  $144.  The  British  average 
to  the  same  period  on  1,820  head  was  $175  the 
only  extraordinary  price  made  in  England  dur- 
ing the  year  being  $10,000  paid  by  the  Earl  of 

Mctive  s.    bir  Curtis  Lampson  gave  $4  900  at 
.^uie  ..ae    or  12th  Maid  of  Oxford 

Wtoher  1880,  importations  of  Bates  cattle  were 
-nined^important  purchases  being  madrb" 

h JI^'inlT'!-  ™P°'-*^«on  consisted  of  sixteen 
L  fi  '"•^'"'^'"S  some  capital  Waterloos  from 
'he  fine  herd  of  the  Rev.  J.  I.  D.  Jefferson  o 


II 


i 

1 

1 

HI 

1 

m  ^"  ^^^1 

1 

m  •  ^^1 

■ 

f|MB| 

I 

H 

1       '.'11 

1 

1  . 

1 

I 

m 

K':'     \'' 


PUP 


540   A  HISTORY  OF  SHORT-HORN  CATTLE. 

Thicket  Priory,  Yor...sliire;  Kirk levingtons from 
J.  W.  Larking,  Aslulovvii  House,  Sussex;  the 
roan  Wihl  Eyes  34th,  etc.  From  this  importa- 
tion many  valua])le  Short-horns  were  hred. 
Indeed,  tlio  Vaile  WateHoos  became  famous 
throughout  the  West  for  their  fine  quality  and 
flesh. 

Mr.  Rumsey's  lot  included  the  Duke  of  Con- 
naught  cows  Oxford  Duchess  3d,  Kirklevington 
Empress  4th,  and  Wisdom  2d;  Rovvfant  Kirk- 
levington 4th  and  Rovvfant  Peach  from  Sir 
Curtis  Lampson's;  a  Barrington  heifer  from  H. 
Lovatt's  and  the  roan  bull  Knight  of  Oxford  2d 
(39549),  bred  by  R.  P.  Davies.  During  this  sea- 
son Mr.  Rumsey  bought  Airdrie  Duchess  8tli 
from  Avery  &  Murphy  at  a  reported  price  of 
110,000. 

Sales  of  1881. — Considerable  activity  and 
some  strong  prices  characterized  the  auction 
sales  of  1881.  An  offering  of  fifty-five  head 
from  Bow  Park  made  at  Dexter  Park,  Chicago, 
brought  the  gratifying  average  of  $516.35. 
Messrs.  DeGraf^  &  Brown  of  Minnesota*  paid 
$4,200  for  Duchess  of  Oxford  21st;  H.  L.  Stout, 
Dubuque,  la..  $2,550  for  Kirklevington  Duchess 
26th,  $2,350  for  46th  Duke  of  Oxford  and  $1,810 

*Col.  Charles  A.  DeGraff,  who  bought  this  cow  jointly  with  H.  F.  Brown. 
was  the  owner  of  the  beautiful  estate  known  as  Lake  Elysian  Stock  Farm, 
near  Janeeville,  Minn.  He  was  a  hig,  broail-gauged,  generous-hearted  ...an. 
who  for  some  years  contributed  largely  to  live-stock  improvement  In  the 
Northwest,  and  his  death,  which  occurred  a  few  years  since,  removed  from 
the  fraternity  of  American  stock-breedcra  one  of  it's  most  admirable  charac- 
ters. 


THE  TURN   OF  THE   TIDE. 


541 


for  lOth  Duchess  of  Barriiitjton    mt]  Unr.    t  u 

on  ,it  $1,760  As  indicating  U.e  magnitude  oi 
ho  l,usine.s«  being  transacted  at  West  L  L  'ty 
I.,  .t  may  be  mentioned  tiiat  in  the  sprin-^  of 

■il'imt  2o0  head  at  auction,  the  average  price 
received  on  the  lot  being  112350 
On  May  18  and  19  at  Port  Huron,  Mich 

^l^t^V  ^'•'"'y  ""<*  J^hn  P.  Sanborn 
01,1   122  head  at  an  average  of  $950.    The 

t  Um.    Mitchell  Bros,  of  Detroit  bid  off 
A.nlne  Duchess  11th  at  .$5,055.    T.  C.  Anderson 
"*  ''r'T^':''^'''  *2,900  for  Wild  Eyes  of  Vi  ,e 
wood  and  $2,000  for  Wild  Eyes  of  vfn 'wood  2d 

ot  Uxtoid  39S61,  and  J.  S.  Berrv  of  Kentuck-v 

At  the  Hamilton  sale  in  Kentucky  in  An 
gust,  sixty-one   head   averaeed   f4S(»k.   V 
!-««  being  11.705  paid  17Tl  cti  mt;  T? 

Barnngton  Place,  and  $1,235  by  Tcfll 
*n  for  Peach  Blossom  9th.    Mr  Ben  Fvi 
-ter  was  at  this  time  in  partS'isMp'.Hh  Ik^e" 


iM^ 


If" 


f  r  ■  :t 


542        A    HISTORY   OF  SHORT-HORN  CATTLE. 

Messrs.  Hamilton,*  and  at  a  sale  held  by  tho 
firm  of  Vanmeter  &  Haniiltons  this  sea.soii 
seventy-three  liead  averaged  $519;  ten  head  oi 
Reiiick  Rose  of  Sliarons  ijeing  knocked  off  at 
prices  ranging  up  to  •*B3,000. 

On  Nov.  10  the  How  Park  people  sold  thirty- 
eight  head  at  Glen  Flora  Farm  at  an  avenige 
of  ,|555:  Mr.  A.  J.  Alexander  of  Woodhuni 
Farm,  Kentucky,  buying  imp,  Kirklevington 
Duchess  of  Horton — famous  as  the  dam  of  the 
fat-stock  show  champion  Clarence  Kirkleving- 
ton— at  $2,030.  Messrs.  Henshaw,  Trimble  & 
Pickett  of  Plattsburg,  Mo.,  gave  $4,025  at  this 
sale  for  imp.  Grand  Duchess  of  Oxford  29th,  of 
the  Duke  of  Devonshire's  breeding.  Mr.  S.  F. 
Lockridge  of  Greencastle,  Tnd..  paid  $1,700  for 
Waterloo  38th,  and  the  Hon.  Emory  Cobb  of 
Kankakee.  111.,  purchased  imp.  Kirklevington 
Duchess  1 7th  at  $1,270. 

A  new  era  at  hand. — Another  milestone  in 
Short-horn  history  had  now  been  reached.  The 
great  outburst  of  enthusiasm  for  cattle  of  the 
Bates,  Booth,  and  allied  tribes  which  had  swept 
over  England  and  America  was  now  subsiding. 
In  its  earlier  phases  it  represented  the  tribute 
of  the  cattle-breeding  world  to  the  genius  of 
successful  breeders;  the  verdict  of  two  conti- 
nents upon  the  refinement,  beauty,  and  quahty 

*  Messrs.  Vanmeter  &  Hamiltons  had  a  few  years  prior  to  this  sale  ac- 
quired by  purchase  about  one-half  of  Mr.  Renlck's  herd,  including  quite  8 
nutn  ber  of  4th  Duke  of  Geneva  cowa. 


THE   TURN  OF   TUE   TIDE. 


543 


of  the  Bates-bred  tribes  and  the  sturdy  sub- 
stance and  deep  tiesh  of  the   VVarlaby  stock. 
Imloubted  immi  lay  at  the  foundation  of  the 
fashions  that  ruled  the  sale-rings  of  both  conti- 
nents for  so  many  years,  as  detailed  in  the 
mvgoing    pages.     Unfortunately    not  all    of 
those  who  made  investments  during  this  pe- 
riod were  actuated  by  a  desire  to  promote  the 
.ntorests  of  the  breed.     Indeed,  as  the  great 
I'oorn    progressed  it  d.-evv  to  itself  many  who 
siinply  improved   the  opportunity  to  indulge 
thoir  speculative  instincts  without  any  special 
reterence  to  the  eflPect  of  their  operations  upon 
le  general  welfare.    Many  of  the  Duchesses, 
inncesses,  Rose  of  Sharons  and  other  favorites 
vvere  bought  at  enormous  prices  not  because 
they  were  better  than  the  average  well-bred 
Short-horn  of  their  time,  but  in  the  hop  3  that 
some  other  eager  investor  would  be  willing  to 
pay  a  like  price  for  the  progeny.    It  will  be 
observed  from  a  perusal  of  the  preceding  chap- 
ters that  only  such  tribes  were  systematically 
promoted    as  were  comparatively  scarce  and 
in  few  hands.    It  would  have  been  idle  for  any 
man  or  group  of  men  to  attempt  to  maintain 
Huch  figures  for  any  of  the  more  prolific  or 
widely-distributed  sorts. 

Injudicious    breeding._In  some   instances . 
these  high-priced  cattle  fell  into  the  hands  of 
careful  men  who  handled  them  with  a  decent 


J^^.^M:Lni  'M. 


1' 

i 

^l- 

Jiipi'nn 

1          1      ,            :     i     1 

i    •   *  ■ 

■       ■           ■ 

m 

■  I 

i 

1 

r 

t 


544 


A    HISTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


regard  for  sound  principles  of  breeding.    In 
some  herds  they  were  mated  with  consummate 
skill  and  judgment,  and  the  original  merit  of 
the  stock  was  in  these  exceptional  cases  fairly 
well  maintained.     Too  often,  however,  these 
unfortunate  descendants  of  a  noble  ancestry 
became  the  mere  tools  of  speculators  and  the 
victims  of  a  vicious  system  which  could  have 
but  one  result;  to-wit.:  inevitable  deterioration. 
A  certain  set  even  undertook  the  foolhardy 
task  of  breeding  the  Bates  tribes  "absolutely 
pure."    There  were  still    in  existence   more 
than  thirty-tive  years  after  the  death  of  Thomas 
Bates  cattle  belonging  to  families  originated 
either  by  himself  or  his  tenants,  the  Mes.srs, 
Bell,   which  had   been   kept  squarely  within 
strict  Bates  lines;  that  k  to  say  entirely  free 
from  admixture  of  blood  from  any  other  than 
the  Bates  source.    One  has  but  to  hark  back  to 
the  practice  of  Bates  himself  to  find  ample 
warrant  for  characterizing  this  procedure  on 
the  part  of  certain  of  his  alleged  disciples  as 
utterly  unworthy  not  only  of  the  master  of 
Kirklevington,  but,  as  a  proposition  in  scien- 
tific breeding,  not  to  be  considered  by  intel- 
ligent men.    Fortunately  there  were  but  few 
who  undertook  to  carry  this  reckless  practice 
to  extreme  lengths.    It  was  pointed  out  that 
but  for  the  outcrossed  families,  not  only  of  the 
Bates  but  of  the  Booth  tribes,  the  main  chaii- 


^^ 


rTLE. 


THE   TURN   OF   THE   TIDE. 


ceding 


545 


In 

>nsu  mil  late 
il  merit  of 
ases  fairly 
iver,  these 
e  ancestry 
rs  and  the 
!Oiild  have 
erioration. 

foolhardy 
absolutely 
nee  more 
of  Thomas 
originated 
tie  Messi-s. 
ily  within 
tirely  free 
ther  than 
rk  back  to 
nd  ample 
cedure  on 
isciples  as 
master  of 

ill  scien- 

by  intel- 
3  but  few 
s  practice 

out  that 
oly  of  the 
ain  chan- 


nek  of  those  blooil«  would  have  ceased  to  cut 
.nuch  %ure  upon  the  Short-horn  map     The 

Hn!".rhnfh"     T"'  '*''""*  ^^''  *'"■«  •'"'■''^me  ex- 
1.  tt  both  in  Europe  aud  America,  leaving  the 

oi^er'tcTtf'-  '^f-'f^-ite  famil/::: 
tonterned,  to  the  outcrossed  branches.  The 
effort  to  preserve  the  Kirklevington  tribes  for 
an  mdefin.te  period  free  from  admixture  of 
other  blood  met  with  uo  success  so  far  as  sus- 
cIceiLd'  """^'''"'''  •"'^"t  "f  th"  e^'ttle  was 

Evils  of  speculation-There  is  nothing  so 
dangerous  as  popularity.     Whenever  it  is  dem 
onstrated  that  cattle  of  any  particular  ine"t' 
breedmg  possess  pronounced  merit  and  renre 
sen.  a  blood  concentration  likely  to  insure  pre- 
potency  a  widespread  demand  leads  to  the  re- 

"it     Tl  P       if   ^  "T^'"^  ^^^  ''"^"ted  ped- 
giee.    The  really  good  specimens  are  taken 

y  leadmg  breeders  or  wealthy  specu  ato,Ta 

rm it  of  .  .  >?''  ^^''"'  P'»-^«  ''o««  »ot 

permit  of  the  purchase  of  the  best.    Thus  it 

values  the  tendency  of  Short-horn   breeding 
wa«  away  from  correct  standards,  so  far  ^ 

the  teed-lot  was  coiKierned.    The  entire  breed 
was  •honeycombed"  by  the  speculat"trmaS 


'      I 


ni  ji  < 


046 


m 


A    HISTORY    OF    SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


At  the  same  time  there  were  not  only  in  Gi-eat 
Britain  but  America  certain  sturdy  characters 
who  refused  to  be  stampeded  at  the  crack  of 
fashion's  whip.  There  were  in  nearly  every 
State  in  the  Union,  as  well  as  in  Canada  and 
Great  Britain,  devoted  lovers  of  the  breed  who, 
often  at  great  apparent  cost  to  themselves, 
maintained  the  sacred  fires  of  the  early  Short- 
horn faith.  True  to  the  principles  of  those 
who  gave  the  breed  to  the  world  they  persist- 
ently pursued  individual  excellence  in  the  ani- 
mal as  the  corner  stone  of  all  progress;  and  to 
these  men  the  breed  owes  its  preservation  from 
those  who  were  unintentionally  poisoning  the 
very  fountains  of  its  vitality. 

The  spur  of  opposition.— Several  causes  con- 
spired to  bring  American  breeders  to  their 
senses  about  this  period.  Coincident  with  the 
declining  merit  for  practical  purposes  of  those 
tribes  that  were  most  frequently  in  the  public 
eye  came  the  invasion  of  the  markets  of  the 
West  by  two  of  Britain's  most  distinguislied 
beef  types;  to-wit.:  the  Herefords  and  Idack 
polls.  The  establishment  of  the  American 
Fat-Stock  Show  at  Chicago,  which  occurred  in 
1878,  gave  these  new  candidates  for  pulilie 
favor  an  opportunity  of  which  they  were  not 
slow  to  take  advantage.  "White-faces"  and 
"doddies"  began  to  appear  in  force  for  the  fiist 
time  in  the  history  of  American  cattle-breed- 


THE   TUEN   OF   THE   TJDE, 


547 


iMg  at  the  great  State  fairs  of  the  West     Fn 

great  body  of  Wei te  '  Z7  •'«"^«*»*"'^   the 
iH'vers  oafy  such  Sho,  '         ^^ock-yards 

st-inr-P  foil-  ^no.'-t-horns  as  possessed  sub- 

ZT       ,       *^  '"'P''«*y  '^nd  natural  wealth  of 

^^.■.-  to  the  S^ti    lie  ?.:e£tf 

■••eputatiou,   b"t  „  ol  tT]   ""*   """"   P^* 
Those  who  wete'rr  r,  HutrH'- 

stances  succepdpfl  IV.  ,...^       j.-      ''^•^^^^^irny  m- 

^t-d  for  c'rediTo' '::;  ;;;irT:': '' '° 

'"  ->y  place.  Such  isolated  ile"^"' 
Bver,  on  y  served  all  the  .nore  effectuallv 7" 
prove  that  something  wei-htie,  tf  ^  ' 
pwliiiree  <inmoti,;,  weigntiei    than   mere 

t^ui^iue,  something  more  finn-iKr^  *i 
P^'i'le  of   birth   w^.  Thl     ^"""^^''^^^  than  mere 
hour.  ^^^'^  "^'"^'"^  ^^eed   of  the 


!it||||^y«|i 


I  i 


548 


A    HISTORY    OF    SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


Scotch  cattle  to  the  fore. — Naturally  in  such 
an  emergency  the  character  of  the  Short-horns 
available  at  the  time  for  repelling  the  newly- 
introduced  breeds  became  the  subject  of  close 
scrutiny.     Examination  of  the  breeding  of  the 
cattle  that  had  been  sustaining  and  were  still 
battling  for  the  honor  of  the  breed  at  leading 
shows  in  the  West  revealed  the  fact  that  the 
fighting  line  was  not  held,  as  a  general  propo- 
sition, by  animals  representing  the  prevailing 
fashionable  blood.    It  so  happened  that  at  this 
critical  juncture  in  Short-horn  affairs  on  this 
side  the  Atlantic  some  of  the  stoutest  defend- 
ers of  Short-horn  fame  against  rival  breeds  had 
been  brought  from  the  old-established  herds  of 
Scotland.  Baron  Booth  of  Lancaster  (half-Booth, 
half-Scotch),  Violet's  Forth,  the  Golden  Drops. 
Orange  Blossom  18th,  and  other  North  Country 
cattle  that  had  been  seen  in  the  West  in  former 
years  were  recalled  as  types  of  the  stamp  now 
demanded.    The   Scotch-bred  Duke  of   Rich- 
mond 21525  and  other  cattle  of  his  compact, 
fleshy  conformation  were  even  then  holding 
back  the  Hereford  host.    The  hour  had  struck; 
and  the  early  "eighties"  found  the  Aberdeen- 
shire Short-horn  claiming  the  center  of  the 
American  Short-horn  stage. 


CHAPTER    XVIII. 


SCOTLAND'S  SEAKUHING  TEST. 
On  tlie  rich  fa.-ming  lauds  of  England  and 

l)()tli  pioht  and  pleasure,  had  received  earlv 
and  adequate  recog.utiou.     For  half  a  century 

John  Bull"  and  "13rother  Jonathan"  had  been 
lieup.ng  honors  and  riches  at  the  feet  of  the 

red  vvhite  and  roan"  with  a  recklessness  un- 
Piualleled  in  agricultural  history,  l,ut  in  vvin- 
imig  Its  way  n,to  their  affections  the  breed  had 
■eve  ed  „,  the  bounty  of  the  n>ost  opulent  ag- 
nculture  the  world  has  ever  seen.  Could  it 
;"an>ta,n  Its  superiority  when  the  path  no 
longer  led  through  the  grassy  vales  of  York 

the  States"?     It  was  not  until  long  after  the 

IMr  T'T  ''^'''  «'"■"  ^-''^y  begin  Sn^ 

-et^H  '^:^„S''r-*-l'«™  «teers  to  seaboard 

.1  .ukete  tirat  the  tenant  farmers  of  the  North 

question   in  a  district  where   balmy  breezes 

and  other  bovine  "creature  comforts"  were 
conspicuous  mainly  by  their  absence;  and  the 

(649) 


! 


\¥ 


550         A   HISTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


I! 


I   i 


1  ill 

■Si  <}i 

i 
^1 


triumphant  vindication  of  the  intrinsic  vahie 
of  Short-horn  blood,  under  apparently  adverse 
conditions  of  soil  and  climate,  resulting  from 
that  practical  test  makes  up  one  of  the  bright- 
est chapters  in  the  annals  of  the  breed.  Inci- 
dentally it  also  furnishes  a  lesson  in  good  farm- 
ing that  is  world-wide  in  its  application.  The 
story  of  the  Short-horn  in  the  North  of  Scot- 
land has,  therefore,  a  deep  significance. 

^'Caledonia  stern  and  wild."— Within  the 
memory  of  the  generation  now  passing  Aber- 
deenshire, a  comparatively  bleak  and  unpro- 
ductive country,  was  unknown  as  a  producer 
of  prime  beef.  To-day,  thanks  to  Short-horn 
blood,  turnips,  Capt.  Barclay  of  Ury,  Grant 
Duff  of  Eden,  Hay  of  Shethin,  Watson  of 
Keillor,  McCombie  of  Tillyfour,  the  Cruick- 
shanks  of  Sittyton,  their  contemporaries  and 
successors,  it  is  one  of  the  primary  factors  in  the 
world's  supply.  Reaching  from  the  Northern 
Highlands  of  Perth  and  the  forest  of  Grlen  Ey, 

"Land  of  brown  heath  and  shaggy  wood; 
Land  of  the  mountain  and  the  flood," 

to  where  Kinnaird  Head  finally  plows  its  way 
into  the  surf  of  Northern  seas,  Aberdeenshire 
presents  a  rolling  landscape,  strewn  for  the 
most  part  with  the  stony  debris  deposited  by 
the  ancient  glaciers  of  the  Grampians.  A 
rough,  broken  country,  possessing  but  limited 
areas  of  good  soil,  wanting  in  natural  shelter, 


I 


'Iff'?*! 


Scotland's  searching  test.  551 

'umFV^^  ^  ^^^^  P^^'^io"  »*■  the  year  by  the 
chill  Last  winds  of  the  German  Ocean,  and 
enduring  the  long,  dark  winters  of  a  latitude 
ot  on  deg.  north  it  is  one  of  the  marvels  of  our 
time  that  the  Aberdonian  tenantry  and  their 
neighbors  of  adjacent  districts  in  the  face  of 
such  environment  should  have  won  so  high  a 
place  in  the  farming  world. 

Science,  "roots"  and  Short-horns.— For  gen- 
erations the  Northern  farmers  had  made  but 
httle  progress  in  the  improvement  of  their  cat- 
tle.   A  scanty  herbage  was  grazed  by  the  na- 
tive, unimproved,  black  hornless  breed  of  the 
district,  or  by  the  shaggy  little  steers  from  the 
Western  Highlands,  and  these  supplied  what 
beef  was  required  f.r  local  consumption.    The 
feeding  of  cattle  for  distant  markets,  as  a  reg- 
ular source  of  revenue,  could  receive  but  scant 
attention.    In  the  course  of   time,   however, 
science  came  to  the  rescue.    Experience  proved 
the  beneficent  effects  of  lime  and  bone  dust 
upon  many  hitherto  sterile  stone-fenced  fields, 
thus  paving  the  way  for  the  successful  intro- 
duction of  the  culture  of  turnips  as  a  stock 
food;  since  carried  to  a  degree  of  perfection 
unknown  in  any  other  country.    Marsh  and 
moor-lands  were  transformed  by  drainage  and 
artificial  fertilization.     Some  good  grass  fol- 
lowed; and  this,  along  with  the  "neeps"*  and 

•Colloaulal  Scotch  for  turnips. 


55i 


A    HISTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


oat  fields,  provided  a  firm  foundation  for  a 
more  profitable  agriculture.  Indeed,  ''roots'* 
fairly  revolutionized  North-Country  farming 
and  rendered  it  possible  to  attempt  the  im- 
provement of  the  size  and  weight  of  the  Aber- 
deenshire, Banff  and  Forfar  herds  with  pros- 
pects of  success.*  The  experiment  was  made 
and  carried  to  a  successful  issue  primarily  by 
the  use  of  Short-horn  blood. 

Feed-lot  considerations  paramount.— Those 
who  inaugurated  this  work  of  improvement,  as 
well  as  those  who  followed  in  their  footsteps, 
were,  as  a  rule,  men  who  made  a  living  by 
their  own  unaided  efforts.  Upon  those  North- 
ern hills  life  was  real  and  earnest.  There  was 
no  place  in  the  local  agriculture  for  the  purely 
ornamental.  Cattle  had  first  of  all  to  be  of  a 
rent-paying  sort.  This  called  for  sound  consti- 
tutions to  enable  the  animals  to  withstand  the 
climate  and  for  a  feeding  quality  and  early 
maturity  that  would  give  prompt  and  full  re- 
turns in  the  feed-lot  for  all  forage  consumed. 
Those  to  whom  the  early  breeders  had  to  look 
for  the  sale  of  their  surplus  bulls  were  men 
who  had  roofs  to  keep  over  their  heads.    They 

•  During  a  visit  to  Aberdeenshire  In  1892  the  author  was  shown  a  fine 
turnip  field— on  one  of  the  farms  held  by  Mr.  William  Duthle  from  the  Earl 
of  Aberdeen— which;  originally  a  peat  bog,  had  been  drained  and  reclaimed 
at  a  cost  to  the  tenant  of  about  £30  per  acre.  Inasmuch  as  this  sum  ($150) 
represents  about  double  the  value  in  fee  simple  of  good  American  farms, 
this  fact  affords  a  fitting  illustration  of  the  expense  and  labor  with  which 
many  North  of  Scotland  farms  were  adapted  to  the  reaulrements  of  sue 
cessful  cattle-breedlnr. 


Scotland's  searching  test. 


553 


could  indulge  in  no  ''fads"  or  fancies.  The  get 
ot  any  sire,  no  matter  how  distinguished  his 
lineage,  were  studiously  shunned  unless  show- 
ing plainly  the  qualifications  demanded  in  an 
atmosphere  where  economy  and  practical  util- 
ity were  the  essential  handmaids  of  thrift. 

It  thus  happened  that  Short-horn  breeding 
in  the  North  rested  from  the  beginning  on  the 
bedrock  of  actual  merit  for  feeding  purposes 
Crossing  the  border.-Tweedside  marks  the 
JVorthern  confines  of  England.    At  the  river's 
mouth,  on  the  Scottish  side,  stands  the  historic 
city  of  Berwick,  sternly  typical  of  the  character 
ot  the  people  over  whose  destinies  it  kei)t 
watch  and  ward"  for  centuries.   On  the  grassy 
southern  bank  lies  ancient  Northumbria  and 
Flodden    Field.    The  ruined    battlements   of 
Norham  Castle  remind  the  traveler  in  these 
parts  of  the  Border  Country's  stormy  past;  but 
since  the  days  of  William  Wallace  and  King 
James  this  pastoral  region  has  fallen  under 
gentler  sway.    From  the  Cheviots  to  the  Hills 
ot  Lammermoor  the  herds  and  flocks  of  a 
t  intty  husbandry  have  grazed,  free  from  war's 
alarms,  for  generations. 

Prior  to  the  introduction  of  the  breed  into 
the  Northern  Counties  it  had  already  been 
proved  that  Short-horns  would  thrive  in  the 
^outh  of  Scotland.  Indeed,  they  had  been  suc- 
cesstully  transplanted  early  in    the  century 


^^^^H 

^^^H 

f 

^H 

\ 

^^^H||] 

M 

1 

554 


A    HISTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


from  the  Valley  of  the  Tees  across  the  border 
into  the  district  lyin^'  between  the  River  Tweed 
and  the  Firth  of  Forth.  Robertson  of  Lady- 
kirk  and  Rennie  of  Phantassie  were  the  [do- 
neers  in  this  forward  movement  toward  the 
North;  and  after  the  introduction  of  Short- 
horn bulls  had  aroused  the  spirit  of  improve- 
ment among  the  farmers  of  the  higher  latitude 
the  blood  of  these  earliest  Scottish  lierds  be- 
came an  important  element  in  the  evolution  of 
the  Aberdeenshire  type. 

Robertson    of    Ladykirk.— Residing    near 
Coldstream.  Berwickshire,  close  by  the  placid 
waters  of  the  Tweed,  Robertson  of  Ladykirk, 
Scotland's  first  breeder  of  Short-horn  cattle, 
acquired  an  early  familiarity  with  the  merits 
of  the  original  Short-horn  stock  of  Northum- 
berland and  Durham.    A  contemporary  of  the 
Collings,   Mason,  Grey  of  Dilston,  Bates  and 
Thomas  Booth  he  had  ample  opportunities  for 
making  a  thorough  study  of  the  breed  while 
still  in  its  infancy.    Quick  to  adopt  practical 
ideas  into  his  own  farming  operations  he  re- 
solved to  transfer  to  Scottish  territory  some  of 
the  best  of  the  Ketton  and  Barmpton  blood. 
Cows  and  heifers  of  the  most  approved  Tees- 
water  type  were  selected  main'  r  on  their  mer- 
its as  individuals  and  crossed   by  herd-book 
bulls  of  Colling  and  kindred  breeding.     The 
canny  Scot,  however,  was  oppo^^ed  to  the  whole 


Scotland's  sbabohing  test.  555 

scheme  of  pedigree  legistration.  Geo  Ccates 
an.  '".-aUdlebags  found  no  welcome  at  Lad" 
I  .k.  Robertson  held  tl.at  the  attempt  to  limit 
tlie  choice  of  cattle  reared  for  practical  farm 
lH..-poses  to  such  as  might  chance  to  be  bre" 
'"tlm.  nerd-book  lines  constituted  an  unrea- 
sonable check  upon  freedom  of  individual  judg- 
ment and  would  prove,  a  bar  to  real  pro^res! 
ortunately  or  the  breed  Jonas  Whitakef  and 

on  toi  the  future  by  recording  the  lineage  of 
e  hrst  o    the  "improved"  Short-horns     Al- 
ong!, registration  went  steadily  on  in  England 
lie  Berwickshire  breeder's  patronage  was  stub- 
orn  y  withheld     It  transpires,  the^^e Ce,   hat 
l>.-eedmg  of  the  Ladykirk  cows,  although 
-lell  known  to  their  owner,  was  ne^er  put  on 
recoidand  those  who  started  from  this  esse„ 
ally  sound  and  substantial  stock  of  Short- 
horns  were  nnable  to  trace  their  pedigrees  to 
theiractual  English  origin.    That  the  herd  was 
Sued'  t'*^"7«■•  been  questioned.    Thali 
out  by  all  the  early  chronicles  of  Tweed^idr 
rma'ra  fin''f  V^f''''  *''«  ^-""«' 

^l^ll  hisforr^  '"'"'"""^  "'  ''''"''' 
Kennie  of  Phantassle.-The  colors  of  the 
'ed,   white    and    roan"  were    carried    from 


I 


H 


^(fi 


(fili 


■Wm. 


11 


556 


A    HISTORY   OF   SHOUT-HORN   CATTLE. 


Tweedside  to  the  Forth  by  John  Rennie  of 
the  farm  of  Phantassie,  in  the  County  of  Hiul- 
dington  (East  Lothian).  His  fattier,  George 
Rennie,  had  been  one  of  the  most  active  pro- 
moters of  agricultural  improvement  in  his  day; 
having  been  sent  when  a  mere  hid  into  the 
Tweedside  country  to  study  the  farming  of 
that  district,  where  such  men  as  Lord  Karnes, 
Ronton  of  Lamberton,  Hume  of  Ninewells, 
Fordyce  of  Ayton,  and  others  had  begun  exten- 
sive improvements  upon  their  estates.  The 
knowledge  thus  gained  by  observation  was  af- 
terward turned  to  good  account  at  Phantassie. 
A  man  of  fine  business  ability  and  sound  judg- 
ment, Rennie  rose  to  great  eminence  as  a 
breeder  and  feeder  of  fine  Short-horns  in  a 
region  already  famous  for  the  skill  of  its  farm- 
ers.* He  bought  from  Robertson  of  Ladykirk, 
with  whom  he  was  on  terms  of  intimate  friend- 
ship, and  also  drew  upon  the  herds  of  the  fiist 
English  improvers  of  the  breed. 

Rennie  agreed  with  Robertson  in  reference 
to  the  then  newly-established  Short-horn  Herd 
Book  of  England  and  also  refused  to  record  his 
cattle  in  it,  but  the  perfection  to  which  he 
brought  his  herd  is  attested  by  references  made 
to  his  stock  by  Youatt,  McCombie  and  other  au- 
thorities.   The  Northern  farmers  who  bought 

•  The  farming  of  the  Lothlans  is  to  this  day  a  source  ot  National  pride 
in  Scotland. 


National  pride 


HCOTLANd's   «EAI!CJIINfl    TEST.  557 

r.Mle  f"'m  those  Southern  her.ls  we.-e  in  qnest 
<-  a  profi  able  feeding  type  mtlier  thai,  partic- 
n^.r  l.loo<J.lu,es     Tliey  l<„ew  little  and  proba- 
ily  cared  less  about  tlie  .lisputcs  as  to  the  rela- 
ivo  values  of  different  strains  as  carried   on 
l.ythe,r  E„j,lish  brethren.     Indeed,  those  who 
o«ned  annmtls  tracing  descent  fron,  these  two 
puma    bcothsh  herds  were  qnite  content  to 
>e.st  tile  pedigrees  at  tlie  l,ase  upon  the  sub- 
stantial  names  and  character  of  "Rennie  of 
I  lantassie"  or  "Robertson  of  Ladykirk  "    An 
abrupt  termination  this,  one  might  say,  and 
.vel  to  those  who  drew  material   from    those 
sources  it  meant  a  foundation  in  genuine  Short- 

iLTa^u'd."  '™  "  ""  ^'"-""'^  '""^  °f  *•>-• 

Ki'l'shorM?'  *''?  "T"'  "^  •'''"'"S  supplied  the 
r     XT  l;.^"''"  ''""  "'"'''  t^ken  into  the  terri- 

vlich        ,  ,"'  "■!   ''"'^'-   D««'   reference  to 
which  will  be  made  further  on.* 

i«fy  M  Mr.  Brown-,  aeoo.int  and  whTI  ,   ^    '""owlM  extract,  conOrma- 

pnntlnal  breed  (lie -,e,„..„i°f).fru     ""'^  ""°°  ™°°M-    'Tie 
^u  .!..■  br.,,„to/o,  oS  l,To,?.L'„r^7j5,° ''"'^ 
4.««l  I,,  „„„„,  bavlas  sebiiM  ,h™'  T  '^»''«™'«™-  wblol.  were  Ibtro 
««.  1  have  mo  ho.ltaSon"  .ml TJT  «'' ."""^"""n  »'  Ladyklri, 
tto'  Wnrtom.    I  also  b.M  IwoTr^l''  1',°"'°  °'  "■"  !»»' Short-horn,  to 

•■..Mod  by  .„„e  e  tbe  iSlt  celebraid  b '°T  'V ""  '""*  "'>'"'■ "»'« 
» mile,  south.'  »"  to il20  eaob  to  so  20(1  mile,  nortb  and  above 

wa.er  breed  .,,,'eSrd':;:s:orarrd;sc:tL7„:L;' 


HH 

^^^^^^R'^f^V^ 

rv" 

''™ 

^^P^' 

' 

iHi 

1    ■ 
1      ,<    1 

i 

! 
1 
1 

1     !■ 

i.i  r) 


wn 


558 


A   HISTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


Barclay  of  Ury.— The  father  of  Short-horn 
breeding  in  the  North  was  one  of  the  best- 
known  characters  of  his  day  and  generation— 
Capt.  Barclay  of  Ury.  Descended  from  an  old 
Kincardineshire  family,  distinguished  for  great 
physical  strength,  a  soldier  by  profession  and  a 
sportsman  by  instinct,  he  developed  a  fondness 
for  farming,  which  resulted  in  his  founding 
a  herd  of  Short-horns  about  the  date  of  Ma- 
son's sale,  from  which  those  who  afterwards 
engaged  in  the  trade  drew  many  of  their  most 
valuable  foundation  animals.  Notwithstand- 
ing his  success  and  reputation  as  the  introdu- 
cer of  the  Short-horn  in  North  Scotland  it  is  an 
open  question  as  to  whether  or  not  his  fame  in 
other  directions  was  not  even  greater  than  his 
celebrity  as  a  cattle-breeder.  An  athlete  him- 
self Barclay  was  passionately  fond  of  all  forms 
of  out-of-door  sport.  It  is  said  that  he  once 
walked  1,000  miles  in  1,000  hours  on  a  wager. 
He  was  financially  interested  in  the  operation 

principally  from  the  Btoelt  of  the  late  Mr.  R,obertBon  of  Ladykirk  and 
which  were  descended  in  a  direct  line  from  those  of  Messrs.  Colling  of 
Darlingrton.  Others  were  likewise  brought  from  some  of  the  most  cele- 
brated stocks  m  the  North  of  England.  For  this  he  says  the  county  was 
Indebted  to  Mr.  John  Eennie,  son  of  Mr.  George  Rennle.  The  produce  of 
his  stock  is  now  spread  over  the  county,  and  as  a  proof  of  Its  merits  a  bul- 
lock bred  by  Mr.  Rennle  and  fed  byMr.Boyne  of  Woodhall  received  the 
second  prize  at  the  Smlthfleld  Cattle  Show  in  1831. 

"Mr.  Rennle  obtained  many  prizes  from  the  Highland  and  his  own  dis- 
trict society.  He  has  had  many  beasts  that  weighed  from  eighty  to  one 
hundred  stone  (imperial  weight)  when  at  two  and  a  half  or  three  years  old; 
and  he  once  sold  eighteen  steers  at  two  and  a  half  years  old  which  weighed 
from  elghty-flve  to  one  hundred  stone  and  for  which  he  received  £33  per 
head  "— Fouott  on  CaWe,  page  148. 


Scotland's  searching  test. 


559 


of  the  mail  coaches  of  East  Scotland,  and  one 
of  these,  notably  the  famous  "Defiance,"  was 
one  of  the  noted  outfits  of  its  time.*    He  had  a 
very  celebrated  breed  of  game  fowls,  and  was 
a  devoted  patron  of  the  cock-pit  and  the  prize- 
ring.    Fond  of  arranging  fistic  encounters  be- 
tween the  expert  boxers  of  that  period  he  often 
served  in  the  capacity  of  "trainer"  as  well  as 
backer.    Good  dog.  and  the  "mimic  warfare  of 
the  chase"  also  claimed  his  attention.     Indeed 
for  more  than  a  generation  the  exploits  of  Bar- 
clay of  Ury,  by  flood  and  field,  furnished  the 
theme  for  many  a  "rattling"  story  told   at 
officers'  "mess"  or  wayside  inn. 

Barclay  had  inherited  from  his  father  the 
estate  of  Ury  on  the  banks  of  the  River  Cowie 
hard  by  the  seaport  of  Stonehaven.    At  large' 
expense  of  time  and  labor,  by  the  liberal  use  of 
hme  and  by  the  importation  of  skilled  plow- 
men and  improved  implements  from  Norfolk 
the  elder  Barclay  had  secured  fair  grass  and  had 
successfully  introduced  the  culture  of  turnips 
The  Captain  was  on  terms  of  intimate  friend- 
ship with  Wetherell  and  had  many  interesting 

had  never  been  ^n  harn.«  two  stages  by  Thoroughbreds  as  leaders  that 

^^z^x  rrus?t^ed^.°  SeZ%:xrrh  je'^f^^ 

that  says  I  can  drive  back  to  London  again  etartlnjm  fhe  mori."  '^ 


^ 


'i   h»! 


■       I.. 


560 


A   HISTORY   OP   SHORT-HORN    CATTLE. 


"sessions" 


with  Watson  and  McCombie,  the 
great  improvers  of  the  Aberdeen- Angus  polls. 
His  first  great  success  with  Short-horns  fol- 
lowed  his  purchase  of  the  best  cow  sold  at  the 
dispersion  sale  of  Mason  of  Chilton— the  beau- 
tiful roan  Lady  Sarah  at  150  guineas.    She  was 
a  daughter  of  the  massive  roan  cow  Portia, 
illustrated  in  the  first  volume  of  Coates'  Herd 
Book.    At  Ury  she  proved  prolific,  producing 
the    bulls    Monarch  (4495),  Mahomed  (6170), 
Pedestrian   (7321),  Sovereign   (7539),  and  the 
three  heifers,  Julia,  Cecily,  and  Helen.    Bar- 
clay was  familiar  with  the  Bakewell  scheme  of 
the  Ceilings,  Bates,  and  the  elder  Booth,  and 
produced  the  valuable  roan  bull    Mahomed, 
above  mentioned,  by  breeding  Monarch  back  to 
his  own  dam,  Lady  Sarah.    Mahomed  was  sold 
as  a  calf,  but,  developing  into  a  capital  bull, 
was  bought  back  in  1839.    He  appears  to  have 
been  used  in  the  herd  until  1841,  and  sire^^ 
among   other    valuable    animals    The   Pacha 
(7612),  the  progenitor  of  many  animals  after- 
ward distinguished  in  Scotch  Short-horn  his- 
tory.   Lady  Sarah's  daughters  Cecily  and  Helen 
were  sold  to  Mr.  Pollock  of  County  Meath,  Ire- 
land, along  with  their  produce;  and  their  de- 
scendants were  afterward  to  be  seen  in  the 
)ioted  Booth-bred  herd  of  Barnes  of  Westland. 
Besides  Mahomed  Monarch  sired  the  successful 
stock  bull  Billy  (3151),  that  was  sold  as  a  calf 


Scotland's  searching  test. 


561 


to  Hutcheson  of  Monyruy,  who  afterward 
parted  with  him  at  a  high  price  to  Boswell  of 
Kmgcausie.  He  was  winner  of  the  Highland 
Society's  prize  in  1840  and  his  heifers  gave  rise 
to  many  valuable  Scottish  tribes.  He  was  the 
sue  of  the  cow  Clipper,  the  matron  of  the 
famous  Cruickshank  bull-breeding  tribe  bear- 
ing her  name.  Billy  (3151),  The  Pacha  (7612) 
Conqueror  (6884),  and  Premier  (6308),  all  bred 
by  Barclay,  were  used  in  founding  the  Cruick- 
shank herd.* 

The  Ury  cattle  of  this  date  are  said  to  have 
possessed  great  scale  and  substance.    In  1838 
tlie  original  herd,  which  owed  its  excellence 
very  largely  to  Lady  Sarah,  was  dispersed  in 
order,  it  is  said,  to  replenish  the  Captain's 
purse.    The  bull  Mahomed  seems,  however  to 
have  been  retained  at  Ury.    The  best  lots  in 
this  sale  were  the  get  of  Monarch  (4495),  three 
of  whose  daughters    made  over    £100 '  each 
About  eighty  head  were  sold  for  a  total  of 
£3  000.    Lady  Sarah  at  thirteen  years  old  was 
sold  to  Mr.  Wetherell  at  40  guineas.    It  has 
been  asserted  that  she  afterward  became  the 

llveSntwae  2^  ,h«   '^  T^,^"1  'J'sposltlon.    At  eight  years  old  hi" 
InehPB    rI  •  ^•'  ''"'^  ^*^  ^^""'^  ^'■0"°'l  'be  heart  eight  feet  four 

Atwrtohirl  <^T  f   .   ^^^  ^*^^°  ^^  ^''-  'T-  F-  Jamleson  of  Ellon 
aoeraeenshire.  In  the  London  (Eng.)  Uve-Stock  Jawmai  for  May  38, 1898. 

00 


'  i 


562 


A    HISTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


property  of  Hugh  Watson,  in  which  case  she 
would  be  entitled  to  credit  in  connection  with 
the  birth  of  the  Aberdeen- Angus  breed  as  well 
as  furnishing  the  foundation  of  the  Aberdeen- 
shire Short-horns.  Speaking  of  this  remark 
able  cow  the  late  Amos  Cruickshank  once 
said:  "I  question  if  ever  there  was  a  better 
breed  of  Short-horns  either  in  England,  Scot- 
land or  anywhere  else  than  the  Lady  Sarah 
tribe." 

About  1840  Barclay  began  another  herd  with 
Mahomed  at  the  head.    He  bought  ten  females 
at  d  sale  m-^.de  by  Hon.  J.  B.  Simpson  of  Bab- 
worth,  in  Nottinghamshire,  and  Wetherell  pur- 
chased some  heifers  and  calves  for  him  from 
Burrows  of  Carleton  Hall,  near  Carlisle.    It  is 
stated  that  probably  the  best  cow  in  this  sec- 
ond herd  was  Julia,  a  roan  that  carried  more 
or  less  Booth  blood  and  was  sired  by  Paganini 
(2405).     She  became  the  dam  of  two  bulls  af- 
terward extensively  used  at  Ury— Pacha  (7612) 
and  The  Duke  (7693).    Paganini  was  full  of  Col. 
Cradock's  blood.    The  2d  Duke  of  Northumber- 
land (3646)  was  hired   for  service  from  Mr. 
Bates  in  1842,  but  after  serving  a  year  at  Ury 
was  transferred  to  Mr.  Grant  Duff's  herd  at 
Eden,  where  he  remained  two  years  and  got 
one  very  good    bull   called   Duplicate   Duke 
(6952).    The  Duchess  bull  nevertheless  did  not 
leave  a  very  good   reputation  in  the  North. 


Scotland's  searching  test. 


563 


Duke  (7593)  was  another  of  his  sons,  which, 
along  with  The  Pacha,  did  most  of  the  work 
ill  the  herd  during  the  remainder  of  its  exist- 
ence. 

The  final  dispersion  occurred  Sept  22  1847 
with   Wetherell    as    auctioneer.    There' were 
about  ninety  of  the  Ury  cattle  at  that  date 
but  prices  were  not  so  good  as  at  the  previous 
sale.    Probably  the  quality  was  not  equal  to 
the  original  Lady  Sarah  lot.     Forty-two  cows 
averaged  £34  14s.  each,  the  highest  being  Rosa- 
moiid,  by  Sultan  (5349),  which  went  to  Long- 
more  of  Rettie  at  73  guineas,  and  Molly,  by  The 
Pacha  bought  by  Hay  of  Shethin  for  71  guin- 
eas.   Campbell  of  Kinellar  here  laid  the  foun- 
dation tor  his  afterward  celebrated  herd  by  the 
purchase  of  two  heifers  by  The  Pacha     The 
Messrs.  Cruickshank  of  Sittyton  were  also  buy- 
ers.    The  ninety-one  animals  fetched  an  aver- 
age of  £31  Is.  each. 

Ury  was  undoubtedly  the  corner  stone  of  the 
Scottish  Short-horn  structure.  The  bulls  from 
the  Barclay  herd  were  used  originally  to  cross 
upon  the  native  black  cows,  and  the  improve- 
ment wrought  was  so  apparent  that  probably 
a  majority  of  the  herds  of  the  district  received 
an  infusion  of  Ury  blood.  The  result  was  a 
demand  for  Short-horn  bulls  that  finally  turned 
tlie  attention  of  such  men  as  Grant  Duff  of 
t^den,  Hay  of  Shethin,  the  Cruickshanks  of 


ii- 


H.-        ■     ! 


564 


A    HISTORY    OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


Sittyton,  and  many  others  to  the  production  of 
pure-bred  Short-horns.* 

Hutcheson  of  Monyruy.— John  Hutcheson, 
tenant  of  the  farm  of  Monyruy,  near  Peter' 
head,  was  the  owner  of  a  large  granite  quarry 
that  supplied  many  of  the  great  blocks  for  the 
London  docks,  and  was  also  interested  in  the 
whale  fisheries.  He  made  a  capital  start  in 
Short-horn  breeding  in  1837  by  the  purchase  of 
Capt.  Barclay's  Billy  (3151),  above  mentioned, 
and  secured  females  from  B.  Wilson  of  Bra- 
with,  Fawkes  of  I  a,rnley  Hall,  Rennie  of  Kin- 
blethmont,  and  others.  He  also  bought  in  Eng- 
land the  great  prize-winning  bull  Sir  Thomas 
Fairfax  (5196),  of  Whitaker's  breeding.  The 
bull  was  eight  years  old  at  the  time  of  its  pur- 
chase in  1845,  and,  although  he  was  of  massive 
character  and  had  never  been  defeated  in  the 
South,  long-continued  training  for  the  show- 
yard  proved  his  ruin,  as  he  died  six  months 

•McComble  of  Tillyfour,  who  knew  Barclay  well,  says:  "Thouph  he 
remains  without  a  national  acknowledgement  of  bis  merlta,  no  man  de- 
served better  of  the  farmers  of  Scotland,  for  he  was  their  Arm  suppoi  ter 
through  life,  In  good  and  bad  report.  •  »  »  j  have  been  many  a  day  In 
company  with  him  and  have  the  most  vivid  recollection  of  him  as  he  ex- 
amined the  stock  in  a  show-yard.  •  •  •  He  was  a  claimant  of  the  Earl- 
dom of  Montelth.  No  one  would  have  made  any  mistake  as  to  Capt.  Bar- 
clay being  a  gentleman,  although  his  dress  was  plain— a  long  green  coat 
with  velvet  collar,  and  big  yellow  buttons;  a  colored  handkerchief;  long, 
yellow  cashmere  vest;  knee  breeches;  very  wide  top-boots,  with  long 
brown,  dirty  tops,  and  plain  black  hat,  generally  pretty  well  worn.  •  ♦  • 
His  horses  were  the  strongest  and  his  fields  the  largest  In  the  country.  He 
said,  'He  did  not  like  a  field  in  which  the  cattle  could  see  one  another  every 
day.'  •  •  •  He  was  found  dead  In  his  bed  In  1854;  and  in  him  the  tenaat 
farmers  of  Scotland  and  the  poor  of  his  own  neighborhood  lost  one  of  their 
beat  .fr<  fin  rts." 


Scotland's  searching  test.  565 

after  being  taken  to  Scotland,  leaving  but  two 
calves,  both  heifers.    These  grew  up  to  be  ex 
cellent  cows,  one  of  which,  Edith  Fairfax,  was 
bought  by  Messrs.  Cruickshank,  leaving  some 
good  descendants  at  Sitty ton.   The  other,  White 
Fairfax,  became  the  ancestress  of  a  good  family 
in  the  herd  of  James  Bruce  of  Inverquhomery 
Speaking  of  these  Fairfax  heifers  Mr.  Jamieson 
to  whom  the  author  is  indebted  for  many  val- 
uable facts  in  relation  to  the  early  Aberdeen- 
shire herds,  says:    "Edith  Fairfax  was  out  of 
a  fine  breeding  cow  called  Fancy,  by  Billy 
(3151)    whi  e  White  Fairfax's  sire  and  dam 
were  by  Billy.    The  latter  seemed  to  have  put 
constitution  into  everything  he  got." 

In  1847  Hutcheson  visited  England  in  com- 
pany with  Mr.  Amos  Cruickshank*  and  hired 
from  Warlaby  the  bull  Fitz  Leonard  (7110) 
at  80  guineas  the  season.  He  was  shipped  by 
steamer  to  Hull  and  walked  thirty  miles  to 
Monyruy  where  he  was  retained  two  years 
^tz  Leonard  was  described  by  Peter  Boddie, 

from  Davis  StralJwI^TL^^p'S^^^^^^^^^^  '  ^  arrived 

set  about  things  In  proner  atvlP  On  .lo  ,  ^  „  ®  therefore  resolved  to 
tered  with  a  pair  of  snankw  hor«  ^^"^  °""  ^  "^"^^^^  was  char- 

through  the  Northern  co'^mUerinJ.H  ^T.  '""^  '""^  Aberdonlans  drove 
Bhank  had  set  hi  heSrt  on  buvin-  fl  °^  ^  ^'''*°"'  ''^^''^-  ''''  ''''''^^^ 
Torr,and  to  be  soW  a  irannroJ^h^""' ''"""''  Fairfax  Royal,  bred  by 
the  high  spirits  oTSs'  oSpTnrn^^dTe^dedtLTH^??^^'^"-    ^'^^^^'^^ 

wuh  hi.  to  wariab.  2T::zzT.  rergis^it^ir  S-^" 


I'l 


■!if 


fni 


m 


i 


566 


A    HISTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


Hutcheson's  herdsman,  as  a  lengthy  enougli 
beast  but  not  very  broad;  with  shortish  le^'s 
and  good  enough  quality.  In  the  language  of 
the  old  cowman,  "the  warst  thing  aboot  him 
was  his  heed."  Although  he  proved  something 
of  a  disappointment  in  Scotland,  and  Amos 
Cruickshank  averred  that  he  would  not  have 
used  him  at  all,  yet  on  his  return  to  Warlaby 
Fitz  Leonard  sired  Mr.  Booth's  world-famous 
Crown  Prince  (10087).  The  Hutcheson  herd 
was  dispersed  in  1852,  some  of  the  best  cattle 
going  to  Sittyton. 

Grant  Duflf  of  Eden.— The  farm  of  Eden  was 
a  small  estate  along  the  banks  of  the  River 
Deveron  in  Northwestern  Aberdeenshire,  on 
the  Banffshire  border,  and  between  the  years 
1839  and  1854  one  of  the  best  of  the  early  Scot- 
tish herds  was  there  maintained.  Mr.  Grant, 
as  he  was  known  in  his  earlier  manhood,  had 
been  in  the  employ  of  the  East  India  Co.  and 
had  acquired  reputation  as  a  man  of  fine  Judg- 
ment in  that  service  in  Bombay.  It  was  upon 
his  inheriting  the  property  of  Eden  that  he  as- 
sumed the  name  of  Duff.  He  ^et  about  the 
formation  of  his  herd  with  a  determination  to 
possess  as  good  cattle  as  could  be  found  in  all 
Britain.  He  visited  the  Short-horn  breeding 
districts  of  England  and  bought  some  of  his 
first  cows  from  Chrisp  of  Northumberland. 
From  Mr.  Crofton  he  bought  the  bull  The  Peer 


m 


SCOTLAND  S   SEARCHING   TEST. 


567 


(5455).  Heifers  were  obtained  from  the  Earl 
of  Carlisle  and  Benjamin  Wilson  of  Brawith. 
On  one  of  his  English  visits  he  met  Thomas 
Bates,  who  succeeded  in  inoculating  him  witli 
somewhat  of  his  own  enthusiasm  for  his  pet 
strains.  The  result  was  the  purchase  of  the 
bull  Holkar  (4041),  sired  by  Belvedere  and  out 
of  a  cow  having  two  crosses  of  2d  Hubback. 
He  was  a  good  individual,  four  years  old,  deep 
red  in  color,  with  a  few  white  patches,  and  was 
taken  to  Eden  in  May,  1840,  at  a  cost  of  £162. 
Unfortunately  he  remained  useful  but  a  short 
time.  A  few  years  later  the  2d  Duke  of  North- 
umberland (3646),  that  had  been  on  hire  at 
Capt.  Barclay's,  was  leased  for  service.  He 
wa?  not  as  good  a  bull  as  Holkar,  being  harsh 
in  his  hair  and  possessed  of  a  vicious  disposi- 
tion, as  well  as  a  dark  nose,  but  remained 
at  Eden  two  seasons  nevertheless  and  sired 
some  good  stock,  including  the  two  bulls  Du- 
plicate Duke  (6962)  and  Dannecker  (7949),  the 
latter  sold  to  Longmore  of  Rettie. 

The  show-yard  victories  of  the  Booths  had 
by  this  time  begun  to  interest  the  North,  and 
an  agent  was  dispatched  to  Warlaby  for  a  bull. 
It  is  stated  that  he  was  offered  the  use  of  Buck- 
ingham (3239),  then  five  years  of  age;  but  as 
that  great  sire  was  never  an  impressive  animal 
individually  the  proposition  was  not  accepted, 
and  Duff's  deputy  proceeded  to  Kirklevington, 


m . 
||: 


! 


f^ttl^Kt 


5()8 


A   Hi8T0R\    OF   SHORT-HORN    CATTLE. 


where  he  hired  Dnke  oi  H-ichmond  (7996),  sired 
by  2d  Cleveland  Lad  (3408)  out  of  Duchess  50111. 
This  bull  was  followed  by  two  others  of  Hates 
blood— Young  4th  Duke  (9037)  and  Uth  Duke 
of  York  (11399);  both  bred  by  O  D.  Trotter, 
near  Darlington.  While  it  thus  appears  that 
the  majority  of  the  Eden  bulls  were  of  Uates 
origin,  there  was  another  sire,  introduced  from 
the  herd  of  Wilson  of  Brawith,  that  proved 
perhaps  a  better  stock-getter  than  any  of  them 
save  Holkar.  This  was  Uobiu-o'-Day  (4973), 
sired  by  Mr.  Wiley's  Carcase  (3285). 

Brawith  Bud. — The  best  cow  ever  intro- 
duced into  the  herd  and  one  of  the  most  val- 
uable ever  taken  into  Scotland  was  the  red- 
an d-white  Brawith  Bud — the  highest-priced 
animal  at  the  Brawith  salo  of  1841,  the  oppos- 
ing bidders  being  John  Booth  of  Killerby  and 
Mr.  Maynard — two  of  England's  best  judges. 
Grant  Duff  was  one  of  the  first  1  eeders  to 
publish  a  private  catalogue  with  foot-notes, 
and  in  one  of  these  is  found  the  following: 
"Although  Brawith  Bud  was  as  well  recollected 
in  this  district  (Banff)  as  any  cow  that  ever  v/as 
imported  yet,  as  this  is  intended  as  a  record,  it 
may  be  as  well  to  repeat  that  she  was  bred  with 
great  care  and  highly  prized  by  the  late  Peter 
Consett  of  Brav^^ith  and  left  by  hin^  in  special 
legacy  to  his  near  relative,  Benjamin  Wilson, 
who  never  intended  to  sell  her.     She  cost  Mr. 


i 


Scotland's  heahchinu  test. 


569 


Gianfc  Duff  £178    19s.,  and  paid   him   several 
ImiK  red  per  cc-.t.    She  was  a  useful  cow  until 
ei^^hteeij  years  of  age  and  her  sire  was  a  ^rood 
hn\i  when  eighteen  years  old."     This  remarka- 
ble cow  had  been  bred  from  a  line  of  bulls  be- 
loiignig  mainly  to  Charles  Colling  s  Old  Chen-y 
tribe,  receiving  also  a  bit  of  Booth  through  her 
<;im's  sire,    Young  Jerry  (SI 77).    She  was  to 
Men  what  Lady  Sarah  had  been  to  Ury  her 
doscendants  proving  th^  best  cattle  in  the  herd 
Iwoof  them,  the  heifers  Second  Mint  and  Pure 
-old,  went  into  the  Cruickshank  herd,  where 
t  ley  gave  rise  to  one  of  the  best  Sittyton  fam- 
ilies. 

Numerous  public  sales  were  held  from  the 
leid  at  different  times,  so  that  the  Eden  stock 
became  well  distributed  throughout  the  North- 
ern counties.     In  1854  tl  ,  entire  herd  was  dis- 
posed of  at  auction,^  the  sale  being  in  charge 

bluua.  which,  formnateVhad^r      In  ""^  '"°'^  °''  '^""  ^Irklevlu^ton 
of  this  m^,.  .„♦  K  *         r  ®''     •'^'-"^'^^  partially  Infused  into  the  8t( .^k 

Of  thl8dl«,  ict  before  the  value  In  England    Kceeoed  all  ordinary  comp^ 

"AH  the  animals  Included  in  the  above  list  wifh  ♦v^^^ 
•W.  -•■lb  Mav  1«S  J^bin '"«  f'""'"'*  »"»  "  M"l»»  ot  Eden,  on  WMnes- 

j.~™fT,r.rn?»s^T;n'ri^rr.Tvrr;nr; 


'^■'  111; 


u  ' 


'"  I 


ll 


til 


t    .,1 


1 


( 'I'M 

1 

i 

1 

Mwmtr " 

ii! 


if  HP 


570 


A    HISTORY    OK    SIIOHT-IIORN    CATTLE. 


of  Mr.  StnilTord,  at  that  time  editor  of  Coates' 
Herd  Book  and  the  leading  auctioneer  of  Great 
Britain.  No  better  evidence  of  the  quality  of 
the  herd  is  required  than  is  furnished  by  the 
fact  that  among  tliose  who  attended  and  ])ur- 
chased  were  Messrs.  ('ruickshank,  Torr,  'J'an- 
queray,  Longniore  and  others  prominent  in  the 
trade.  The  top  ])rice  was  100  guineas,  paid  hy 
Tanqueray  for  a  daughter  of  Brawith  Bud. 
Amos  Cruickshank  took  Pure  Gold  at  91  guin- 
eas, and  other  lots  commanded  up  to  90  guin- 
eas and  95  guineas. 

Simpson  and  Buchan  Hero.— Mr.  Ferguson 
Simpson,  tenant  of  the  farm  of  Mains  of  Pit- 
four,  bred  a  good  herd  of  Short-horns  from  1885 
to  1846.  His  chief  claim  to  distinction  rests 
upon  his  production  of  the  celebrated  show 
bull  Buchan  Hero  (8238),  winner  of  the  High- 
land Society's  £lOO  prize  at  Berwick-on-Tweed 
in  1841  as  the  best  bull  of  any  age,  competition 
open  to  all  Britain.*  He  was  a  massive,  deep- 
bodied,  short-legged  roan,  with  a  beautiful  coat, 
and  was  bought  at  Berwick  by  Jonas  Whitaker, 
afterward  passing  into  the  possession  of  Sir 

•"The  Druid"  In  his  delightful  reminiscences  of  Scottish  flockB  and 
herds,  published  under  the  title  of  "Field  and  Fern,"  speaking  of  liuclian 
Hero's  victory  at  Berwick  aays:  "One  of  his  greatest  admirers  who  had 
Ills  eye  to  a  'crack'  In  the  piillngs  on  that  memorable  day  thus  describes 
the  contest.  '  I  looklt,  and  they  drew  them,  and  they  sent  a  vast  o'  them 
back.  Again  I  looklt,  and  still  the  Buchan  Hero  stood  at  the  heed.  They 
had  naedoot  of  hlni  then.  A  Yorkshlreman  was  varra  fond  of  him.  And 
he  wan;  and  Simpson  selt  him  to  Sir  Charles  Tempest  for  200.  It  waaa 
prood  day,  that,  for  Aberdeenshire  and  Mr.  Simpson.'  " 


Scotland's  searchino  test.  071 

Cluules  Tempest  at  ;)50  guineas.    A  yearling 
M.II  sired  by  lum  bn.ught  20(1  guineas.    The 
;  ."•  of  Uuclian   lien,,  a  ..ow  called   Young 
Iroadhooks  produced  a  heifer,  Kliza,  that  was 
I'ought  f„r  Sittyton,  and  from  her  the  chani- 
jiuin  show  Indl  New  Years  (J.ft  (577%),  bred 
ly  l-ord  hovat  and  sold  to  the  (iueen  of  Enu- 
and,  was  do.scended.     Indeed  it  is  said  that 
t  ns  noted  priz.^-winner  resembled  in  essential 
characteristics  old  liuchan  Hero  himself 
Hay  of  Shethin.-One  of  the  most  substan- 
id  characters  among  all  those  who  early  gave 
t  leir  attention  to  Short-horn  breeding  in  the 
North  was  William  Hay,  tenant  of  Ihethi,' 
mie  of  the  many  good  farms  on  the  extensive 
e»  ates  of  the  Earl  of  Aberdeen,  situated  in  the 
valley  of  the  Ythan,  near  Tarves,  and  not  far 
.™mved  from  Collynie,  Uppermill,  Tillycairn' 
m  others  since  made  famous  by  Duthie  and 
an.    Before  taking  up  with  pedigreed  cattle 
y  w-as  one  of  the  leading  graziert  and  feed! 
ei.>  ot  this  district  and  is  credited  with  havini; 
en  the  first  to  ship  bullocks  by  rail  from 

nS::  th  *!'^^T''^"  market, 'McComb 
says  that  the  bull  Jerry  that  was  brought  to 

l«  hin  from  Rennie  of  Phantassie  in  ifgs  b^ 

ae  first  Sbort-horn  that  ever  crossed  thekiver 

!,;  /his  primal  bull  was  white  and   was 

k.h  long-lived  and  prolific,  leaving  a  deep 


I 


('  '^i 


j,-<s»_i!5*»\ 


IL: 

•1 

Hit 

I 

I^^H'' 

■  , 

1             1  ; 

!'                '    : 

■  i              1  i 

■i;  ,  '' 

ii>'  I     i 


!       I,! 


572         A    HISTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN    CATTLE. 

impression  on  the  native  black  polls  of  the 
district. 

Hay  began  his  Short-horn  breeding  opera- 
tions by  purchases  from  Barclay  of  Ury.  Two 
of  his  best  cows,  Molly  and  Clara  2d— both  by 
The  Pacha — were  l)ought  at  the  Ury  sale  of 
1847.  From  Molly  came  the  family  of  Mysies. 
The  cow  /esta,  bred  by  Robert  Smith  of  Bur- 
ley,  became  the  ancestress  of  the  Venuses  and 
Princess  Royals,  both  ot  which  have  since  be- 
come prime  favorites  with  the  admirers  of 
Scotch  Short-horns,  but  proijably  the  best  cow 
obtained  in  England  was  Marion,  from  the  her(] 
of  Mr.  Lovell,  selected  for  Mr.  Hay  by  one  of 
the  leading  cattle  salesmen  of  London.  She 
produced  the  good  stock  bull  Kelly  2d  (1)205). 
besides  becoming  the  fountain  head  of  a  fine 
family  of  cows  known  as  the  Lovelys,  after- 
ward celebrated  in  the  hands  of  Mr.  Crnick- 
shank,  producing  at  Sittyton  the  prize  bull 
Scotland's  Pride  (25100),  Lord  Lancaster  {2mim 
and  Lord  Lansdowne  (29128).  Another  tribute 
to  the  remarkable  breeding  qualities  of  Simp- 
son's Young  Broadhooks  was  to  be  seen  at 
Shethin  in  the  shape  of  the  splendid  cow  Scot- 
land's Queen,  descended  direct  from  the  dam 
of  Buchan  Hero. 

For  a  number  of  years  home-bred  bulls  were 
used,  no  less  than  five  of  which  descended  in  a 
direct  male  line  from  the  bull  Billy  (8888)  of 


V    !l:1    I 


Scotland's  searchiivg  test.  570 

mh  tir.3  through  the  dams.  Some  service 
was  a  so  had  from  the  good  bull  Robin  o'  Day 
^■"■1)  ot   Brawith    breeding.    Mr     Hav    h-,d 

So     n'""'  *"  ■"  "'-^  ''^'^  "f  --'.en 
ij    SoO.    There  was  no  better  in  all  Scotlind 

.  that  year,  along  with  the  broth  rsCrSk 
*'nk,  he  attended  the  Bates  dispersion  whet 

le  purchased  besides  Waterloo  18th,  the  Due. 
pbnl   Grand  Duke  (10284)  at  205  guineas  the 

>eto,e  the  sale  began  the  Messrs.  Cruiokshank 
'""'  ?''^''''«'^«^1  with  Mr.  Hay  the  idea  of  a  iott 
lH"-chase  of  the  4th  Duke  of  York,  which  Mr 

/x^r,ftrfr"^^*--''^ti-be:tb^;i- 

me  sale,    liarl  Ducie's  opening  l)id  of  200 
guineas  for  that  bull,  however,  scattered  all  on 

™ce     gS    D  r      "'  ^'"  through,  with  at 
"lice,    (jiand    Duke  was  a  bull  with  i-athei^ 

c o'td  "bfeede'''"'.  **'  "^'^^  ^"'^  '«^-  «>-  S 

lo  dit  th^  'h     ^  ^'  ^"  e.xperiment.    It  was 

7and  h!       '"''ff  "°  improvement  in  the 

and  he  was  so  d  to  S.  E.  Bolden  of  Eng- 

il  ,t  the  original  purcha.se  price.    In  Bol 

i;«  herd  he  proved  more  succLful  and  was 

r  1;  p"'?  .*"  ^'"^"-'^  ^'  ».000     Tl^ 
'I-   "?'''  K'"ght  (11967),  from  Killevby 
«^s  ne.vt  m  hne.    He  had  been  first  as  a  two: 


i 


lit  13 


ithf 


I     i  I. 


M, 


574        A   HISTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 

year-old  at  the  English  Royal  of  1852.  and 
headed  the  aged  bulls  at  Aberdeen  in  1852. 
He  was  a  compact,  thick-set,  short-legged,  well- 
fleshed  bull,  and  in  1856  was  sent  to  the  Paris 
Exposition.  On  the  return  trip  he  contracted 
foot-and-mouth  disease  and  was  slaughtered 
in  London. 

Mr.  Hay's  death  occurred  in  1854  and  his 
herd  passed  into  the  possession  of  his  son-in- 
law.  Mr.  Shepherd,  who,  in  1856,  bought  the 
bull  Bocquet  (14183),  of  Sir  Charles  Knightley's 
breedmg,  and  in  1858  Cherry  Duke  2d  (142()5) 
from  Mr.  Bolden.  The  latter  made  a  great 
record  at  tne  great  Northern  shows  1859-1861. 
but  was  not  specially  satisfactory  as  a  sire.  In 
fact,  it  has  usually  been  claimed  that  the 
Shethin  cattle  were  better  before  the  Bates. 
Booth  or  Knightley  bloods  were  introduced. 
The  herd  was  dispersed  in  1863,  at  which 
time  it  aggregated  134  head,  including  sixteen 
Mysies,  ten  Lovelys  and  nine  Waterloos.  be- 
sides a  lot  of  Claras,  Rosemarys,  etc.  The 
event  occurred  Wednesday,  July  29,  Mr.  Straf- 
ford presiding.  Messrs.  Cruickshank  bought 
the  eleven-year-old  red  Mysie  3d  at  50  guineas. 
Mysie  26th  at  21  guineas,  Princess  Royal  5th  at 
46  guineas  and  Lovely  8th  at  41  guineas.  Mr. 
Marr  of  Uppermill  bought  Princess  Royal  6th 
for  24  guineas.  William  Duthie  bought  a  pair 
of  Wanton  heifers  at  17  and  20  guineas.    The 


Scotland's  seakching  test.  575 

Dnke  of  Richmond  made  a  number  of  n„r 
chases  and  one  of  the  Waterloos  wLLmbt 

lgi2"Thir*  IT'""  Castle.  WaK 
u    t    ..     ^^^^i^est  price  was  64  guineas 


11! 


CHAPTER    XIX. 


m. 


■ 


AMOS  CRUICKSHANK  OF  SITTYTON. 

ToKetton.  Kirklevington.  Killerbyand  Ayles- 
by  we  have  now  to  add  the  name  of  Sittytoii. 
Mr.  Bates,  the  elder  Booth  and  William  Ton 
did  not  survive  to  witness  the  crown^ig  show- 
yard  and  sale-ring  triumphs  of  their  favorites. 
Amos  Cruickshank,  "the  herdsman  of  Aber- 
deenshire," more  fortunate  in  that  respect  than 
the  great  fijnglish  breed-builders,  lived  to  re- 
ceive recognition  both  at  home  and  abroad  as 
one  of  the  few  great  constructive  breeders  of 
Short-horn  history.  An  inspiring  story  this  of 
Sittyton.  Not  a  legend  of  Aladdin  and  his 
lamp,  but  a  plain,  unvarnished  tale  of  patient, 
persistent,  unfaltering  pursuit  of  an  ideal  fol- 
lowed over  all  obstacles  to  the  goal  of  final  and 
complete  success. 

Born  in  1808  and  reared  in  the  County  of 
Aberdeen,  entering  the  ranks  of  the  tenant- 
farmers  of  the  district  at  the  period  of  greatest 
activity  and  pr  .gross  in  the  development  of  the 
modern  agriculture  of  th3  North:  engaging  in 
the  very  thick  of  the  fight  for  leadership  in  the 
work  of  evolving  a  type  of  cattle  suited  to  the 

(570^ 


id  Ayles- 
Sittyton. 
am  Ton 
ig  show- 
'avorites. 
jf  Aber- 
>ect  than 
id  to  re- 
broad  as 
seders  of 
y  this  of 
and  his 
patient, 
deal  fol- 
iDal  and 

iiinty  of 
tenant- 
creates  f 
It  of  the 
i^in^  ill 
p  in  the 
d  to  the 


AMOS    CRTTICKSHAXK    OF    SITTYTON. 


|| 


AMOS  ORDICKSHANK  OF  SITTYTON.  577 

exacting  requirements  of  his   native  heath- 
c«n.peting  with  a  class  of  farmers  probably  un-' 
matched  m  all  the  world  in  respect  to  the  in- 
ell<gence  and  skill  with  which  they  manage 
he.r  lands  and  live  stock;  leaving  all  beaten 
racks  and  marking  out  a  distinctive  pohcy  o 
lus  own;  loyally  supported  in  his  task  by  an 
enterpnsing  brother-partner,  the  life  and  work 
ot  Amos  Cru.okshank  looms  up  above  all  con- 
emporary  effort  in  the  North  of  Scotland  even 
as  ben  Nevis  dominates  in  majesty  the  moun- 
taiii  wilderness  of  the  West 

A  new  type  sought.-Amos    Cruickshank 
was  a  man  with  a  well-defined  purpose     Km 

'Z,^r^'1  ^''  '=°«^'''tio°^-  steadfast  to  t™ 
end  m  mamtammg  his  views,  he  recognized  no 

i  l'^  ;  "  T'  ''''  *''^*  °*  demonstrated 
ability  to  turn  straw,  turnips  and  "cake"  into 
pounds     i,„„^        p^„^^  P  ^  profi.    Beaut 

Tbelt     nf  rf/F'^"*^"^'  eye  but  skin-deep 
a  best    Of  ,tself  ,t  paid  no  rent.    He  never 

1  owed  himself,  therefore,  in  making  his  selec 

to  any  beast,  be  it  ever  so  "bonnv"  if  it  harl 
only  giuceful  outlines  or  mere  "sweetnet"  of 
cliaracter  to  recommend  it  ™®«t»ess    of 

'■altd^SS^rslrrofj„«7*i.^" 

BOS.  Visible  manifestations  in  the  body  rather 


578 


A   HISTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


than  in  the  extremities.  Vitality  and  feeding 
quality  v/ere  with  Amos  Cruickshank  consid 
erations  paramount.  A  broad,  full  chest,  wide 
back  and  deep  ribs  were  his  all-in-all.  The 
head  had  attention  only  as  it  gave  some  token 
as  to  the  vigor  or  probable  capacity  of  the  ani- 
mal for  feed-lot  or  reproductive  purposes.  The 
rump  carried  cheap  meat  and  was,  in  his  view, 
of  wholly  secondary  importance.  Level  quar- 
ters and  fine  fronts  he  fully  appreciated,  but  if 
the  "middle"  was  weak  the  fault  with  hitn  was 
fatal.  While  not  opposed  to  "finish,"  and  fully 
sensible  of  the  value  of  "style,"  he  took  the 
ground  that,  from  the  tenant-farmer's  view- 
point, if  other  and  more  vital  qualifications 
were  wanting  the  Short-horn  could  not  hope 
to  withstand  the  ordeals  of  the  climate  of 
North  Scotland  or  satisfy  the  close  calculations 
of  feeders  who  wrested  their  forage  from  an 
unwilling  soil. 

As  for  pedigree  he  had  originally  imbibed 
something  of  the  same  contempt  felt  by  Ken- 
nie  of  Phantassie  and  Robertson  of  Laclykirk. 
When  in  quest  of  stock  to  suit  his  purpose  hi.s 
mind  was  an  open  book  so  far  as  the  great 
rival  strains  of  blood  were  concerned.  The 
names  of  Bates,  Booth,  Towneley,  or  Ton 
moved  him  to  no  expression  of  mere  sentimen- 
tal regard  for  the  stock  of  the  English  leaders. 
He  listened  with  comparative  indifference  to 


AMOS   CRUICKSIIANK   OF   SITTyxON.  579 

the  story  of  the  Duchesses  and  viewed  with 
equammity  the  rising  reputation  of  Warlaby 
Coo)  and  calculating,  delibe.ute  always,  neve,' 
earned  oft  his  eet  by  the  currents  of  fasLn  tha 
whirled  round  about  the  Short-horn  breeder 
ot  his  time.  It  was  with  him  always  and  for- 
ever a  question  only  of  "what  is  best  foro°. 
rountry,  our  agriculture,  our  people? "    And  so 
he  started  out  on  the  indifferent  soil  of  Sittyton 

le  '■"  hP^°  T.^  "'"''  °^  ■^"'"•^  'hat  should 
meet   the  Scottish  want.    Untrammeied    by 

|..-jud.ces  unmoved  by  the  gongs  and  cymbals 
ot  those  who  were  attracting  the  attention  of 
the  majority  of  his  contemporaries,  this  silent 
man  ot  destiny,  keeping  his  own  Counsel  'e- 
<erved  and  retiring  beyond  all  his  colleagues- 
honest,  faithful,  upright  and  inflexible  in  hh  ' 
<ervice  in  behalf  of  Northern  agriculture,  pui- 

aged  but  never  despairing,  seeking  in  everv 
nook  and  corner  of  the  United  Kingdom  for 
matenal  likely  to  aid  in  developing  his  herd- 
testing  hi-st  one  blood  h.-kI  then  another,  nnt  i 
na  ly  a  blade  was  found  that  cut  the  Gm-dian 
knot  tor  him  and  Scotland  -^o.aian 

While  the  Sittyton  herd  was  progressing  to 
1  s  a,,otheosis  it  had  the  service  of  a  sucLs- 
siOD  of  distinguished  sires  and  show  bulls  It 
has  been  said  tiiat  Mr.  Cruickshank  ,lid'not 
participate  m  the  'wild  huriah"  tor  "fashion- 


Ill 


1' 

W' 

r' 

f~' 

1  ^' 

1 

,   1 

'1 

580         A    HISTORY   OF   HHOKT-HOKN   CATTLE. 

able"  blood,  because  of  the  proverbial  Scottish 
prudence;  that  is  to  say  because  he  was  not  en- 
terprising enou^di  to  relax  the  partnership  purse 
strings  for  the  purpose  of  securing  specimens 
of  the  prevailing  popular  sorts.  This  is  alto- 
gether lacking  in  truth.  For  years  the  breed- 
ing farms  and  National  show-yards  of  England, 
Scotland  and  Ireland  were  visited  in  >|uestof 
such  material  as  approximated  the  tSittytoii 
ideal.  There  was  nothing  niggardly  in  a  policy 
that  dictated  the  payment  of  $2,000  for  individ- 
ual bulls  and  nothing  narrow  in  the  plans  that 
finally  brought  the  herd  to  a  total  of  over  300 
head  of  registered  cattle  — the  largest  in  all 
Britain. 

The  brothers  Cruickshank.— Amos  and  An- 
thony Cruickshank,  who  were  jointly  interested 
in  the  breeding  operations  carried  on  atSitty- 
ton,  were  born  and  reared  on  a  farm  near  the 
little  village  of  Inverurie,  some  fifteen  miles 
northwest  of  the  Aberdonian  capital.  Amos, 
retiring  by  nature  and  preferring  the  peace 
and  quiet  of  rural  scenes  to  the  bustle  of  shops 
and  streets,  devoted  his  attention  wholly  to 
agricultural  pursuits.  Anthony  decided  to  en- 
gage in  trade  at  Aberdeen,  where  he  succeeded 
in  establishing  a  good  business  and  subsequent- 
ly acquired  considerable  local  prommence  in 
commercial  and  banking  circles.  He  was  a 
man  of  great  energy  and  public  spirit,  and 


AM    s   ntUrOKHHANK   OP  HfTTYTON  581 

'>r  f.>unu.«o„  ..,e,;-7t  r-::.  t  s 

n.om  at  AntlK,ny  Cruick.sh.nk-.     '.ce  of  buf 
:.ess  in  the  city  of  Aberdeen  that  the  idet  n; 
Royal  Northern  Show  was  first  eouceltd 
li^i'V  ay  ot  IFry,  Grant  Duff  and  other  Idnd.ed 
^|ur.ts  were  called  in  conference  and   he  "esuT 

ail  ""r"?^  '"''«  ""^  e,stabliJl^^^  nt  o 
afterward  useful  agricultural  show  as^ci- 

^""T.eZ\T::  elixir:!  rv 

Scottish  NatioLl  a„:f tafsh  w  ;  itf 

;;- way  to  great  public  favor  ™dZS 

Anthony  with  his  commercial  instincts  wa, 

:i"::z.  r  'tt  ""f ''*'°"  ^-  *^«"-^nr 

,,  U.     1  '''""■"'  ""  «'=''e'»es  looking 

'"'".''  "'«  '"•'»g'"g  of  the  Sittyton  Short-ho  -n! 

i'ju,,  ci.s  du  eftcient  '•  nromoi-pv  "    a  . \ 


til 


^, 


.%.  - ..> 


IMAGE  EVALUATION 
TEST  TARGET  (MT-3) 


1.0 


I.I 


1.25 


^   IA2    12.0 

lit 


IIIIIM 


1.8 


U    1111.6 


6' 


v; 


vl 


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.'^^•*' 


4^  <^ 


O^ 


Photographic 

Sciences 

Corporation 


23  WEST  MAIN  STREET 

WEBSTER,  N.Y.  14580 

(716)  872-4503 


■A    U  ^y 


,.<s 


^ 


*^*# 

^>^- 


& 


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H   I 


-..^^^^M^^^. 


582 


A   HISTORY   OB^   SHORT-HOKN    CATTLE. 


placed  in  service.  PbilosophicaJ  always  he  re- 
marked after  having  lost  the  $2,000  purchase. 
Master  Butterfly  2d,  shortly  after  his  arrival  at 
Sittyton :  "  It  is  the  best  thing  that  could  have 
happened,  for  he  would  only  have  done  mis- 
chief in  the  herd.  He  hasn't  died  a  day  too 
soon."  He  was  not  the  man  to  "  enthuse  "  over 
any  beast,  no  matter  how  great  its  reputation 
or  its  cost,  unless  he  thought  he  could  see  some 
indications  that  it  would  prove  useful  in  devel- 
oping the  type  of  cattle  sought.  The  brothers 
therefore  proved  each  useful  to  the  other.  To- 
gether they  gave  the  world  one  of  its  greatest 
and  most  valuable  herds.* 

♦"The  two  brothers  made  au  excellent  comblnatlou,  but  in  some  wava 
were  very  unlike.    Anthony  was  the  keenei-,  brighter,  more  Intellectual 
spirit  Of  the  two.    He  had  a  tine  rich  voice  and  dark  bright  eyes,  the  sparkle 
of  which  denoted  a  high  degree  of  intelligence.   Amos  was  stouter  built  of 
aauleter  and  more  phlegmatic  type.    The  one  was  always  ready  to  con- 
verse; the  other  was  of  the  silent  sort.    No  interviewer  or  newspaper  cor- 
respondent could  make  anything  of  Amos;  even  the  genial  'Druid'  failed 
to  draw  him.    Anthony  would  discuss  the  morits  of  an  animal  in  detail  bo 
It  Short-horn  or  Clydesdale,  and  give  a  reason  for  the  faith  that  was  in  him- 
but  it  required  almost  a  surgical  operation  to  get  any  deliverance  ou  th(> 
subject  from  Amos.    'A  good  beast'  or  'Not  a  good  boast'  was  about  all 
you  might  expect.   Anthony  attended  to  the  herd-book  entries,  the  adver- 
tising and  cataloguing  of  the  stock,  and,  I  believe,  named  all  the  animals, 
but  the  practical  management  of  the  farms  and  herd  devolved,  of  course, 
on  his  brother.    In  their  numerous  purchases  of  stock  Anthony  looked 
much  to  show-yard  reputation  and  pedigree,  Amos  almost  entirely  to  the 
personal  appearance  of  the  animal  itself,  and  he  had  his  own  notions  of 
what  constituted  a  good  sort.    'I  had  often  great  battles,'  he  told  mo,  -  witli 
Anthony  about  the  bulls  we  were  to  use.    A  vast  deal  of  money  was  spent 
in  the  purchase  of  animals  that  did  no  good  whatever.     Amos  did  not 
bother  much  with  the  herd  book,  and  I  am  told  could  seldom  be  got  to  look 
at  It.    In  this  respect,  I  believe,  he  resembled  Richard  Booth,  Wilkinson  of 
Lemon  and  many  other  noted  breeders.    His  brother's  object  in  it  larffc 
measure  was  to  make  the  uudertaking  a  commercial  success.    He  stin'teU 
what  would  attract  and  please  his  customers.    Amos,  on  the  other  himd, 
h-.ul  the  eye  of  a  bre; -^er  and  strove  to  get  his  animals  of  the  type  that 
pleased  himself.    He  seemed  to  have  an  intuitive  knowledge  of  what  con- 


AMOS   CRUICKSHANK   OF   SITTYTON. 

Anthony  Cruickshank  died  in  1879  at  the 
an:e  of  sixty-six  years.  Amos  lived  to  be 
(Mghty-seven  years  of  age,  passing  from  the 
,^cene  of  his  long  and  useful  life  at  Sittyton 
May  27,  1895,  the  herd  having  been  closed  out 
at  private  sale  as  an  entirety  in  1889  Like 
many  other  of  the  most  noted  Short-horn 
breeders  of  the  century  he  never  married  Fe 
was  wedded  only  to  tho  herd  that  received 
for  such  an  extended  period  his  most  earnest 
thought  and  devoted  attention.  A  devout 
Quaker  he  carried  into  his  daily  life  the  sim- 
pie^upright,  kindly  teachings  of  his  faith.    It 

maUehLTvei  Srou/h/ud"^-  FoTLurj'T"  and  ot^^ervatlon  had 
a  herd  of  Short-horns  whiohfn;  .fn  '^^^  »  century  he  had  watched  over 
dom,  and  wWch  sent  ont  1  ,      .  many  years  was  the  largest  In  the  kine- 

fully  clear  to  the  verviiaf  ""i^ '"»  ^reat  age  his  mind  remained  wonder- 

nowadays;  soSLZm:   VanltyTffe'c  Xo^L?^  "^""^^  "^*  "** 

ins,  simple  and  true     Aa  Jm^.  nl^lo       ,,      .^    "*^  humbug,  so  unprecend- 

Jmmal.  ^-  '^«"»*"<'n  in  London  (Eng.)  Livestock 


.-     i ;   ■ 

lii 

i 

iyu.; 

584 


A   HISTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN  CATTLE. 


is  indeed  not  recorded  that  he  ever  spoke  ill  of 

any  man.    Given  little  to  speech  it  was  with 

difficulty  that  even  his  best  friends  oould  draw 

him  out.    The  house  in  which  he  lived  and 

died  at  Sittyton  was  a  modest  one,  as  befitted 

the  character  of  its  tenant.    He  was  very  fond 

of  his  shrubbery,  vines  and  flowers,  and  here, 

far  removed    from  "the   madding  crowd."  he 

worked  out  in  his  own  original  way  the  great 

problem  that  confronted  the  cattle  growers  of 

his  time  in  the  North  of  Scotland. 

The  farm  of  Sittyton.— The  farm  upon  which 
the  Messrs.  Cruickshank  began  their  breediiii,^ 
operations  is  situated  about  twelve  miles  nortli- 
west  of  the  granite  city  of  Aberdeen.    From 
the  roadway  leading  to  this,  the  foremost  nur- 
sery of  Scotch-bred  Short-horns,  one  may  catch 
upon  the  east  glimpses  of  the  German  Ocean 
and  toward  the  west,  when  the  air  is  clear,  the 
outlines  of  the  distant  Grampians.    It  consists 
of  about  two  hundred  and  sixty  acres,  consti- 
tuting a  part  of  the  estate  known  as  Straloch 
It  has  no  natural  advantages  adapting  it  to 
successful  cattle-breeding  from  the  standpoint 
of  those  accustomed  to  the  fertile  and  well- 
sheltered  farms  abounding  everywhere  in  Eng- 
land and  America.    When  Amos  Cruickshank 
took  possession  in  1837,  at  the  age  of  twenty- 
nine  years,  the  land  was  in  poor  condition  and 
stood  greatly  in  need  of  buildings,  as  well  as 


AMOS   CRUICKSHANK   OF  SITTYTON.  5S5 

drainage,  but  he  went  to  work  with  a  will- 
the    necessary  improvements  were    provided 
and  an  immediate  start  was  made  with  Short- 
Iiorns     Some  ten  years  later  the  herd  had  in- 
creased to  proportions  that  made  it  necessary 
to  take  a  lease  of  the  neighboring  farm  of 
Uyne,  rendering  about  five  hundred  acres  of 
and  available.    This  sufficed  for  a  time,  but 
the  breeding  operations  were  carried  forward 
on  such  an  extensive  scale  that  it  was  found 
desirable  to  increase  the  holding  still  further 
by  leasing  another  adjacent  tract  of  about  one 
hundred  and  thirty  acres,  known  as  Longside 
i^oli  .*i      '  ambition  was  unsatisfied,  and  in 
855  the  brothers  obtained  control  of  the  fine 
fam    known    as   Mains  of  Udny,  some  five 
miles  distant,  bringing  the  total  area  under 
then-  control  up  to  900  acres.    The  herd  at- 
tained   a    membership  of    more    than    three 
hundred  head  during  the  period  of  its  greatest 
expansion,  say  between  the  years  of  I860  and 
1870,  and  a  lease  of  the  small  tract  known 
ocally  as  Middleton  gave  them  possession  of 
uiiy  1,000  acres.    About  1873   the  lease  of 
Longside  terminated  and  a  few  years  later 
that  of  Mains  of  Udny,  necessitating  a  large 
reauction  of  the  herd.    In  the  latter  ^  ears  of 
Mr.  Cruickshank's  life  he  was  tenant  of  about 
m  acres,  the  herd  numbering  at  the  time  the 
last  complete  catalogue  was  issued  120  head. 


1 

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'i 

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^  It  1  fiMi»iMiiii^a4igffi ,  ^ 

fl 

^'wKKSKm' ' 

i 

.3- 

586 


A    HISTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTl.E. 


General  plan  pursued.— Briefly  stated,  the 
methods  of  the  Messrs.  Cruickshank  did  not 
differ  materially  from  those  of  the  elder  Booth. 
Bates  proceeded  on  the  theory  that  a  com  bin  ji- 
tion  of  certain  bloods  must  necessarily  produce 
the  type  he  sought.  Thomas  Booth  and  Amos 
Cruickshank  worked  for  type  alone,  utilizing 
at  first  any  good  material  attracting  their  at- 
tention and  finally  "fixing"  the  desired  con- 
formation by  resort  to  in-and-in  breeding.  In 
the  purchase  of  the  foundation  cows  and  heif- 
ers for  Sittyton  choice  was  usually  made  of 
those  thnt  seemed  to  possess  good  constitutions 
and  an  aptitude  to  fatten.  If  milking  qualities 
were  shown  that  point  was  also  prized  at  its 
full  value.  Cattle  were  dravru  from  widely 
separated  sources,  and  while  Mr.  Cruickshank 
endeavored  to  adhere  to  one  general  ideal  as 
closely  as  possible,  he  was  unable  to  collect  a 
cow  herd  which  in  point  of  uniform  excellence 
would  satisfy  his  aspirations.  Realizing  that 
the  ^ull  was  the  key  to  the  situation,  greater 
attexition  was  bestowed  upon  the  selection  of 
sires  than  upon  choice  of  females.  Beginning 
with  bulls  bought  from  Capt.  Barclay,  no  stone 
was  left  unturned  for  a  quarter  of  a  century  to 
obtain  for  service  at  Sittyton  stock  bulls  of  the 
very  highest  order  of  merit.  In  the  course  of 
that  time  nearly  every  leading  herd  and  every 
important   show-yard    in    the    Kingdom  was 


AMOM   CRUICKSHANK   OF   SITTYTON.  587 

visited  in  quest  of  sires  of  the  desired  type. 
In  this  search  no  attempt  was  made  at  confin- 
ing selections  to  any  particular  line  of  blood 
It  was  a  question  not  of  descent  but  of  typo 
It  was  not  until  after  18G0  that  the  policy 
(.f  purchasing  bulls  for  service  was  modified. 
Up  to  that  time,  notwithstanding  the  fact  that 
a  remarkable  succession  of  noted   bulls  had 
seen  service  in  the  herd,*  that  uniformity  in 
essential  characteristics  which  Mr.  Cruickshank 
so  earnestly  desired  had  not   been  attained 
When,  therefore,  the  get  of    the  home-bred 
bull  Champion  of  England  (17526)  made  their 
appearance  the  whole  policy  was  changed  and 
a  system  of  inbreeding  begun.    His  stock  ap- 
proached closely  the  Sittyton  idea  of  what 
a  North  of  Scotland  Short-hern  ought  to  be 
and  for  generations  afterward  the  best  of  his 
sons,  grandsons  and  great-grandsons  were  kept 
HI  service.      From    that  time    forward    im-- 
piovement  in  the  matter  o^  uniformity  was 
lapid.    Latterly  the  stock  bulls  were  all  bred 
upon  the  farm;  the  size  of  the  herd  and  the 

Cfh  •  ;,  ^°'^^"^o«*  among  eminent  breeders  of  Short-horns  in  the 
North  at  the  present  time  are  the  Messrs.  Cruickshank  Slttvton  Thlin 
irolrr'"'  '^^y--^-'^-  1-^-t  herds  Of  S^^rtlfo-nsfth^woS 
r.  M.,?H  'V°  "'■""'^  ^^"'''^'^  ''''''^''  l^'-'°««  Edward  Fairfax!  Velvei 
S  fly't  Sn  Bun'r'^'"'?  '"""rT  ^^'•°"  •'^  Baron  Wariaby  Mali: 
GarH  8  MalacM^  w.  i'  ^''r'^'^'  ^'"^^^'  ^"'''^  »'*^''''^'  I^^nhoe,  Lord 
not  St  F^nh  n  r  !f  Augrustus,  Sir  James  the  Rose  and  last,  though 
^fiTiitoT^;'!^^^^^  P°«"ion  their  herd  ha^  taken. 


liiii 


'im 


■i-i  m 


588 


A   HISTORY   OP   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


great  variety  of  blood  represented  in  it  en- 
abling Mr.  Cruickshank  to  carry  on  bis  process 
of  concentration  for  many  years  with  little 
danger  of  deterioration. 

To  undertake  an  enumeration  of  all  the  vari- 
ous  purchases  made  for  the  herd  would  be  a 
useless  task.  Sittyfcon  was  represented  for  a 
long  series  of  years  at  every  auction  sale  of 
any  consequence  in  Great  Britain,  and  many 
animals  from  many  different  herds  and  of  vari- 
ous lines  of  breeding  were  bought.  Some  of 
these  gave  satisfaction  and  some  did  not.  We 
need  allude  here  only  to  such  as  left  some  im- 
press on  the  herd. 

The  first  of  the  Violets.— It  was  in  1837  that 
Amos  Cruickshank  laid  the  foundation  for  the 
Sittyton  Herd.  In  that  year  he  made  a  pil- 
grimage to  the  South  in  quest  of  Short-horns, 
proceeding  as  far  as  the  County  of  Durham, 
England.  With  characteristic  caution  he  re- 
turned to  the  North  with  but  a  solitary  heifer 
as  the  fruit  of  his  travels.  The  following  year 
he  again  visited  England  and  secured  about  a 
dozen  heifers.  These  are  said  to  have  been 
bought  from  a  Mr.  George  Williamson  of  North 
Lincolnshire,  and  one  of  them,  Moss  Rose,  be- 
came the  maternal  ancestress  of  a  family  after- 
ward famous  at  Sittyton  as  the  Violets.  In 
1843  Moss  Rose  produced  to  a  service  by  the 
Ury  bull  Inkhorn  a  dark-roan  heifer  that  was 


AMOa   0BUICK8HANK    OF   SITTYTON.  5S9 

named  Red  Rose,  that  became  the  dam  of  the 
l.eau  >ful  cow  Carmine  Rose,  by  Fairfax  Eoval 
which,  bred  to  the  bull  Hudson  (922^dropped 
hma  Rose,  whence  came  Roseate,  by  Mata 
(lore,  the  dam  of  the  areat  rn»n  v;  i  *  u    ,      , 
Mhhurst  (13173,  ^St  pC J  t  'e 'trt;' 

from  hPv     ^u^  descent  in  their  maternal  line 

X%?rch\^;S:^frnSz 

i:;"vS,tlnratdt?tr'^^r"^ 

many  deiived  from  a  red  heifer  bought  at  a 
;ale  held  by  Mr.  Rennie  of  Kinblethmfnt  Fo.^ 

II  Kennie  of  Pliantassie.    This  was  in  1841 
enus  was  out  of  a  cow  called  Dairymaid  bred 

sW  d  Z^:'  ^"''-r"  "'  I-dykirk.    I 
stated  that  the  immed  ate  descendant"!  of 

Venas  were  "real  good  milkers    but  .ither 
™>gh  and  bare  of  flesh."    Later  on,  1  oweveT 

mulh  Fln^  f  ^''*''?  '^''^'  "'<'*  descending 
mough  Flora,  by  Fairfax  Royal,  and  hererand 

5   :••  ""''"'"J  ^*^'  "y  Champion  of^Eng." 
laid   being  perhaps  the  mo.st  highly  prized 
The  bull  Beeswing  (12456),  sold  to  CampbeU  of 


■'■"n»m 


if;   i.] 


590        A    HISTORY    OF    SirOFtT-nORN    CATTLE. 

Kinellar,  was  a  son  of  Flora.  The  V^enus  fam- 
ily was  retained  until  the  final  dispersion  of 
the  herd. 

The  family  of  Mimulus.— A  good  Short-horn 
cow  was  bought  in  1841  from  the  Rev.  Robert 
Douglas  of  the  parish  of  Ellon,  not  far  from 
Sittyton.     The  minister  was  engaged  in  farm- 
ing and  had  the  reputation  of  being  a  first-class 
judge.    The  cow  in  question  had  been  bred  by 
John  Re)inie  of  Phantassie  from  a  Ladykirk 
foundation.     At  Sittyton  she  was  bred  to  luk- 
horn  and  produced  the  heifer  Phantassie,  which 
in  turn  left  the  heifer  Maidstone,  by  Matadore. 
The  latter  to  a  service  by  Lord  Raglan  pro- 
duced Mistletoe,  that  was  the  dam  of  the  ex- 
traordinary red  cow  Mimulus,  by  Champion  of 
England.     This  cow   was  sold  to  Hon.  John 
Dryden  of  Canada,  after  having  produced  at 
Sittyton  the  bull  calf  that  subsequently  devel- 
oped into  the  great  bull  Royal  Duke  of  Gloster 
(29864),  the  sire  of  such  bulls  as  Roan  Gauntlet 
(35284),  Barmpton  (37753),  Grand  Vizier  (34086) 
and  Privy  Seal  (50108);  and  su^^n  cows  as  Cus- 
tard, the  dam  of  Cumberland,  Souvenir,  Silvia, 
Lavender  17th,  Garnish  and  Violet  Queen.    In 
Canada  Mimulus  became  the  dam  of  the  famous 
bull  Barmpton  Hero  that  did  spleudid  service 
up  to  the  age  of  fifteen  years,  contributing 
many  thick-fleshed,  compactly-fashioned  cattle 
of    the    real    Aberdeenshire   type  to  various 


AMOa  OBHIOKSnANK  OF  SITTYTON.  .rjijl 

American  breeding  and  show-yard  Iierds.    The 

anwly  of  Mmn<l„.s  was  never  numerous  at  S it- 

tvt""  a,u)  exerted  its  inHuence  upon  the  herd 

ini^iniy  through  Uoyal  Duke  of  Gloster 

Picotee  and  her  progeny.-rn  1841  a  cow 

Wll^'^L  f  was  ..ought  from  James 
VV..II  er  She  produced  two  heifers,  one  of 
«  "'ll.  Picotee.  gave  rise  to  a  nnme -ous  and 
™l"al)le  family.  Indeed  Picotee  herself  at  ten 
year,  of  age  was  one  of  the  first-prize  pair  of 
cows  at  Aberdeen  in  IS55.  From  her  descend 
«I  Joyful  2d  a  first-prize  heifer  at  the  Royal 
NortlK,rn  of  1862;  the  handsome  red  cow  fZ 

II -ife'e  Belle  and  the  red  British  Queen  both 

I))'  Cliampion  of  England. 

The  Matchless  sort.-A  heifer  called  Pre- 
Mum   sired  by  George  (2057)  and  in  calf  to 

be  I  ates^bred  Holker  (4051),  was  bought  t  om 
l.mnt  Duff  ,„  1841.    To  the  Holker  service  si  e 

rt''l'  f'f '.'"tJ'  ''^*'"''^^«'  consider  dot 
0  ti,e  best  of  her  day  in  the  herd  and  winner 

first  pnze  at  a  Highland  Show  at  DZdee 

he  proved  the  first  of  a  noted  race  of  cows 

anng  her  name,  besides  contributing  tl  ro^lh 

er  anghter  Kindly  a  family  of  "  Ks,'?of  vvh  ch 

...ess  and  Kindred  were  early  ;eprerenS 


f^^' 

J 

1    V,  "- 

i 


i 


592        A   HISTORY   OF   SHORT-nORN   CATTLE. 

The  Broadhooks.  — Kliza,  l)y  White  liull 
(5()48),  a  heifer  that  was  an  own  sister  to  the 
celebrated  Buchan  Hero  ()J2HH),  was  l)()u^riit 
from  IrJutcheson  of  Monyruy.  and  produced  sev- 
eral good  hulls  besides  founding  an  ex(;elleiit 
family  of  cows  known  as  the  Broadhooks  that 
disappeared  from  the  herd  about  1870.  Kliza 
went  back  to  the  old  Ladykirk  stock.  Tiiis 
Broadhooks  tribe  was  the  same  as  that  con- 
tained in  the  herd  of  Lord  Lovat  at  Bciiufort, 
that  produced  the  champion  bull  New  Year's 
Gift  (5779()). 

Origiii  of  the  Lady  tribe.— Always  on  the 
lookout  for  a  good  one,  Mr.  Oruickshank  saw 
and  admired  at  the  Edinl)urgh  Show  of  1842 
the  two-year-old  heifer  Amelia,  that  had  suc- 
ceeded in  getting  into  the  prize-list  not  only  at 
Edinburgh  but  at  Berwick.  From  Amelia  came 
one  of  the  best  of  the  earlier  Cruickshuuk 
tribes,  known  as  the  '*  Ladys."  Writing  of  these 
a  correspondent  of  the  Banffshire  Journal  in 
1864  said:  "The  most  remarkable  descendant 
of  Amelia  is  Grand  Lady,  out  of  Lady  Louisa 
and  sired  by  Lord  Sackville  (13249).  Grand 
Lady  is  worthy  of  her  name.  She  is  a  beauti- 
ful roan  and  the  very  perfection  of  symmetry."' 

The  Nonpareils.— A  good  red  cow,  called 
Nonpareil  3d,  came  into  the  herd  in  1844  from 
the  stock  of  Mr.  Cartwright  of  Lincolnshire. 
She  proved  a  fortunate  investment  and  gave 


AMOS   CRUIOKSIIANK  OF   HITTYTON.  593 

riso  to  the  Sittyton  Noiiparoils  that  acquired 
much  celebrity  throughout  the  Northern  Coun- 
ties.   Several  of  the  family  were  disposed  of  at 
from  100  to  200  guineas  each.     Nonpareil  l(>th 
of  tins  line  was  a  first-prize  heifer  at  Aberdeen 
111  1800.     The  demand  for  females  of  this  sort 
was  extensive.     Many  were  parted  with  and 
some  of  the  Nonpareils  proved  persistent  bull 
I)roo.lers;   hence  it  came  about  that  much  to 
tli(^  regret  of  the  Messrs.  Cruickshank  the  orig- 
inal line  disappeared  from  the  herd  about  the 
year  1864.    A  few  years  later  the  cow  Non- 
pareil 12th  was  bought  at  Mr.  Cartwright's  dis- 
persion sale,  but  as  a  breeder  she  did  not  prove 
as  successful  as  the  first  purchase 

Sittyton  Butterflys.-Upon  the  occasion  of 
the  dispersion  of  Capt.  Barclay's  herd  at  Ury 
111  1S47  Messrs.  Cruickshank  improved  the  op- 
portunity for  making  additions  to  their  stock. 
llio  hrst  bulls  used  at  Sittyton  were  of  Ury  ex- 
tnution,  and  a  number  of  females  of  Barclay 
l)reediiig  were    now  secured.     Among    these 
were  Clara,  by  Mahomed,  and  Strawberry,  by 
2.1  Duke  of  Northumberland.    Although  it  is 
stated  that  Strawberry  was  not  so  good  an  in- 
dividual as  Clara  she  produced  at  Sittyton  the 
famous  bull  Pro  Bono  Publico,  that  was  sold 
to  Lord  Clancarty  and  after  a  noted  career  as 
a  prize-taker  in  Ireland  was  shown  with  suc- 
cess at  the  Paris  Exposition  of  1856.    Strawber- 


i  !• 

! 


^  ■ 


594 


A    KIS'^OBY   OF   SHORT-HORN    CATTLE. 


ry's  daughter  Bounty,  by  The  Pacha,  dropped 
the  splendid  cow  Buttercup,  by  Report  (10704), 
and  she  in  turn  produced  the  stock  bull  Baro- 
net (1G614).    From  her  also  was  derived  a  great 
set  of  cows  known  as  the  Butterflys,  that  proved 
prolific  breeders  of  the  right  sort  of  stock.    In- 
deed Buttercup  was  called  one  of  the  very  finest 
cows  ever  seen  at  Sittyton.    She  was  a  red.  with 
an  exceptionally  strong  back  and  rib,  and  ail 
of  her  immediate  descendants  were  simihirly 
distinguished.     Butterfly  1st  carried  the  High- 
land Society's  first  prize  in  1856,  and  Butterfly 
4th  was  first  at  the  Royal  Northern  in  18()2. 
The  original  Butterfly,  by  Matadore,  was  de- 
scribed as  "a  deep-ribbed  rather  high-standing 
red  cow."    She  proved  long-lived  and  produced 
many  calves,  among  others  two  bulls  that  saw 
some  service  in  the  herd;  to-wit..  Lord  Byron 
(24363)  and  Royal  Forth  (25022).    Butterfly  9th 
of  this  family  produced  the  red  bull  Breadal- 
bane  v^'^073),  by  Champion   of  England,  that 
was  used  for  a  time  by  Mr.  Cruickshank  and 
imported  into  Canada  in  1871  by  H.  Thompson. 
The  Ury  cow  Clara,  above  mentioned,  became 
the  dam  of  the  heifer  Barcliana  that  produced 
the    noted    roan    stock    bull    Lord    Sackville 
(13249).     Another  one  of    the   Barclay  cows, 
Emily,  left  a  number  of  descendants  at  Sitty- 
ton, one  of  which,  Lucy,  by  The  Baron,  pro- 
duced the  bull  Lord  Chamberlain  used  in  the 


.^^ 


AMOS    OltnCKSHANK   OF   SITTYTON.  595 

I'^'M",  ^^» '  '-""^  '''^^  *he  bull  Lord  Lyons 

mi.iT}  year  tor  7b  guineas. 

■J'Zm  f^°'^°'^--™^  tribe,  which  has  to 
Its  ci  edit  the  h.ghest-prieed  Cruickshank  cow 

8th  at  |3,o00,  descends  from  the  roan  cow 
Fancy,  by  Billy  (3,51),  obtained  in  I84TC 
H,  tcheson  of  Monyruy.  Fancy's  dam  JessT 
l>a.l  been  purchased  by  Hutcheson  from  Re.    ,e 

0  Kmblethmont,  going  back  to  the  old  IZy. 

1  lTu''*T-  *^"«ydid  so  well  at  Sitty. 
OH  that  her  daughter,  Edith  Fairfax,  was  alfo 
ought  fron.  Hutcheson  in  1851.    Sh^  was  one 

,1   ax  (0196),  that  died  at  Hutcheson's.    From 
S  at  Sit fvt  ""'  ^'^""''^  '^'•«^'-'>-™  we™ 
"I'l  by  Matadore,  whose  daughter,  Queen  of 
l..>  .Sou  h,  was  one  of  the  greatest  c;ws  ofher 
.;>y  m  all  Scotland.    She  was  a  roan  of  spl 0^ 
I'l  flesh  and  substance,  and  as  a  yearlin  '  wo" 
'■St  pnze  at  the  Royal  Northern  of  1862  be 
f<^s  the  Formartine  Society's  medal  as  the 
es  animal  in  the  yard.     From  Queen  of  Sett 
'■■"'I  was  also  bred  the  original  Oraige  Bios 
-.".  I.y  Doctor  Buckingham  (14405rone  of 

.   Tf  fcf '■"  °rr.  ^''^"'""  2d!  becaine 
Fnn   «      *       ,"'"''*''^'"^  queens  of  the  herd 
*.om  this  family  also  came  the  roan  Delight,' 


I  !t*1^|«^; 


ll 


I    ''  K. 


i .;  ^^ 


596        A   HISTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 

dam  of  the  bull  Diphthong,  first-prize  winner 
at  Aberdeen  in  1862  and  1863  and  challenge- 
cup  winner  at  the  Royal  Northern.  From  this 
sort,  also,  sprang  one  of  the  greatest  of  all  the 
latter-day  Scottish  sires,  William  of  Orange,  so 
celebrated  in  the  herd  of  Mr.  Marr  of  Uppermill. 

Admah,  Kilmeny  3d,  and  Eliza  by  Brut  is. 
— Cows  introduced  into  the  herd  in  the  early 
"fifties"  that  had  descendants  upon  the  farm 
for  many  years  were  Admah,  by  Fitz  Adolphus 
Fairfax;  Kilmeny  3d,  by  Robin  o'  Day,  and 
Eliza,  by  Brutus.  The  first-named  came  from 
Hutcheson  and  was  out  of  a  cow  by  Richard 
Booth's  Fitz  Leonard  that  had  been  on  hire  two 
seasons  at  Monyruy.  Her  grandam  had  been 
bought  from  Rennie  of  Kinblethmont.  From 
Admah  came  Aroma,  by  Matadore,  whose 
daughter  Oakleaf,  by  The  Baron,  produced  the 
bull  Royal  Oak  (22792),  by  Champion  of  Eng- 
land, that  saw  some  service  at  Sittyton.  Kil- 
meny 3d  came  from  Grant  Duff's,  and  her  de- 
scendants were  maintained  in  the  herd  for 
some  years.  Eliza,  by  Brutus,  a  red  cow  bought 
from  Mr.  Cochrane  of  Gxasgow  Forest,  acquired 
distinction  as  the  dam  of  Emily,  by  Lord  Sack- 
ville,  that  produced  the  stock  bull  Caesar  Au- 
gustus (25704).  Eliza  was  descended  from  the 
stock  of  Ben  Wilson  of  Brawith. 

Clipper  tribe. — By  the  year  1852  the  number 
of  females  at  Sittyton  exceeded  100  head,  but 


AMOS  CBUICKSHANK  OP  SITTYTON.  597 

Still  the  quest  for  good  material  went  on     Dur- 

we'll  of  K^r  *"''  "'"  '"'"«'^*  f-'"  Mr.  Bo  - 
well  of  Kingeausie,  near  Aberdeen,  two  cows 

hat  exerted,  perhaps,  a  greater  influence  uZ 

the  fortunes  of  the  herd  than  any  other.    These 

7r  ^':^"*  ^"'^  «iPP«.     The  first  named 
became  the  grandam  of  the  celebrated  cCm 
Pion  of  England  and  will  be  referred  to  further 

;u-rHSe:^'*'>*'^-™--^t''at 

Clipper,  by  the  Barclay  bull  Billy  (3151),  was 
a  hght-roan  cow,  not  very  large,  "si  ghtly  hoi 

i'an  e'-  'sf '  '"*  ^""^  ''^^'^^  and'of  Veat 
ca,ne  to  Sittyton,  and  was  descended  from  a 
sort  that  had  been  in  Mr.  Boswell's  hands  for 
several  geherations,  tracing  her  materna   de 
scent  from  the  Chilton  herd  of  Mr  Mason     Tt 
.s  woHhy  of  note  that  she  continued  to  breed 
until  fifteen  years  of  age  and  produced  her  best 
heifer,  Cressida,  by  John  Bull  (11618)  in  her 
fourteenth  year.    To  the  cover  of  The"cz: 
(20!»47)  Cressida  produced  the  good  red-and- 
white  cow  Carmine,  whose  daughters  by  Cham- 
i;.on  of  England-Princess  Royal  and  Carmine 
lose-proved  mines  of  bovine  wealth.    Indeed 

■nr  fT  ^'iu'""^''   '"'^^'•'l    'convincing   Mr 
Cu  ickshank  that  in  Champion  of  England  he 

sou  of  Ellon  tells  us  that  in  her  day  Carmine 


'■  ? 


I    1  i 


598 


•   I 


A    HISTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


Rose  was  considered  the  best  combination  of 
beef  and  milk  in  the  entire  herd;  that  "her 
bag  would  have  exci  ted  the  cupidity  of  a  Lon- 
don dairyman,"  and  of  the  same  extraordinary 
pattern  was  her  daughter  Cochineal,  which, 
bred  to  Princess  Royal's  great  son  Roan  Gaunt- 
let (35284),  produced  the  massive  Ciiyhurst 
(47560),  used  by  Mr.  Duthie,  sold  to  Mr.  Jamie- 
son,  and  eventually  passing  to  Mr.  Sutton-Nel- 
thorpe  of  Lincolnshire. 

Princess  Royal  is  said  to  have  been  a  grand, 
big  roan,  but  not  so  great  a  dairy  cow  as  her 
sister  Carmine  Rose.  As  a  breeder  her  influ- 
ence in  the  herd  was  felt  for  generations.  She 
became  the  dam  of  the  four  fine  cows  Custard, 
Claret,  Crocus  and  Chrysanthemum,  besides 
giving  birth  to  the  renowned  Roarf  Gauntlet, 
one  of  the  most  famous  of  all  Sittyton  sires. 
Custard  was  a  heifer  of  rare  beauty  from  the 
beginning,  neat,  but  not  large,  and  produced 
the  two  bulls  Cumberland  (46144)  and  Commo- 
dore (54118).  She  was  specially  strong  in  her 
hind  quarters,  a  characteristic  that  was  inher- 
ited by  Cumberland,  a  bull  that  was  extensively 
used  by  Mr.  Cruickshank  in  his  later  years. 
Commodore  grew  into  a  bull  that  was  the  ad- 
miration of  his  time,  but  unfortunately  after 
having  been  used  for  a  short  period  with  great 
success  died  at  sea  en,  route  for  South  America. 

Claret  carried  the  size  and  substance  of  her 


AMOS   ORIIIOKSHANK   OF   8ITTYT0N.  599 

mother,  but  produced  only  two  calves,  one  of 
wluch  was  the  fine  sire  Clear-the-Way  (476W) 
used  at  Cau-nbrogie  and  by  Bruce  of  Inverqu- 
I'oraery     The  table-backed  white  Chrysanthe- 

Z2'  *Tn  «'■'""''  ^^'^  property  of  Mr.  William 
Puthie  of  Collyme  on  the  final  sale  of  the  herd 

Z«Twt'f  °^  "'"  "''^'''"'  l""'!  Chamberlain 
1  h  lo  L.  Mills  of  Ruddnigton  Hall.     4.11  in  all  it 
|sdoubtf„,  if  Sittyton  ever  produced  a  grel 
Ijieeding  cow  than  Princess  Royal.    From  this 
same  Clipper  foundation  came  Mr.  Duthie's 
prize  bull  Pride  of  Morning  (64546) 
The  Victoria8.-The  first  of  this  Mason-bred 
iVk  it  *he  Cruickshank  herd  was  Victo- 
'   \t  ^^  Lord  John  (11731),  that  was  bid  off 
by  Anthony  Cruickshank  at  the  sale  of  Mr 
Ho  mes  of  Westmeath,  Ireland.    Although  full 
of  the  best  English  blood  she  lacked  the  sub- 
stance which  Mr,  Amos  Cruickshank  had  inva- 
naWy  insisted  upon.    On  her  arrival  in  Scot- 
aiKl  she  was  sent  to  Mr.  Hay's  at  Shethin  to  be 
bu  le.l  by  the  Booth-bred  Red  Knight  (11976), 
and  to  this  service  produced  the  twin  heifers 
Victoria  29th  and  30th.    It  is  said  that  the  for! 
raer    had  weak  loins  and  was  not  good;  the 
Utter  much  better,  but  left  no  female  stock  " 
tlie  dam  was  called    delicate   and  the  sort 
sliowed  no  special    merit   at   Sittyton    until 
crossed   with    Champion    of    England.     That 


y 

^^^|H|i}f{ 

< '  s 

BH0HPIRRK' 

B   >' 

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600        A    HISTORY   OF    SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 

great  sire  seemed  to  bring  them  out.  Victo- 
ria 39th,  by  that  bull,  was  a  good  one  and  bred 
on  to  old  age.  Her  heifer  Victoria  41st,  by 
Lord  Privy  Seal,  was  of  the  right  stamp  and  a 
good  breeder,  producing  the  thick  Victoria  57th 
and  the  good  stock  bull  Ventriloquist  (44180). 
The  family  improved  with  age  under  Mr. 
Cruickshank's  skillful  crossing,  and  Victoria 
48th,  by  Lord  Lancaster,  a  cow  of  marked 
merit,  produced  Royal  Victor  (43792),  that  be- 
came the  sire  of  Gravesend  (46461).  Of  this 
tribe  also  was  the  bull  Vermont  (47193),  that 
did  good  service  in  the  herd  of  Mr.  Campbell 
of  Kinellar,  and  Deane  Willis'  500-guinea  prize 
bull  Count  Victor  (66877).* 

The  Sittyton  Victorias  imported  to  America 
have  proved  among  the  most  valuable  Scotch- 
bred  Short-horns  that  ever  crossed  the  Atlan- 
tic. The  first  to  come  out  was  the  roan  Victo- 
ria 51st,  by  Royal  Duke  of  Gloster  (29864),  im- 
ported by  Mr.  Davis  Lowman  of  Toulon,  111.,  in 


*  Although  the  Victorias  had  a  pedigree  running  back  to  "  the  beautllul 
Lady  Maynard  "  of  Charles  CoUing's  In  rd  the  original  females  of  this  fam- 
ily at  Sittyton  were  not  well  liked  by  Amos  Cruickshank.  The  old  Scot's 
Boswell,  Mr.  Jamieson,  says:  "  I  remember  passing  through  the  byres  at 
Sittyton  one  day  many  years  ago  when  we  came  upon  a  roan  cow.  '  This,' 
said  Mr.  Cruickshank,  'is  a  Victoria;  my  brother  thinks  a  great  deal  of 
them.'  With  characteristic  reticence  he  said  nothing  as  to  his  own  opinion, 
but  I  gathered  from  the  tone  that  it  was  not  quite  so  favorable.  It  was  not 
until  their  constitution  had  been  renovated  by  one  or  two  crosses  of  Cham- 
pion of  England  blood  that  any  buUs  of  the  tribe  were  kept  for  service  in 
the  lierd."  Latterly,  however,  the  original  defects  were  quite  bred  out  and 
the  substance,  flesh  and  feeding  quality  for  which  Sittyton  finally  became 
80  famous  was  impressed  upon  the  Victorias  In  common  with  the  other 
leading  Cruickshank  tribes 


AM08  OEUICKSHANK  OF  8ITTTT0N.  601 

1876     From  this  cow  some  of  the  very  best 
Ciuickshank  cattle  ever  seen  in  Western  show- 
yarcls  and   breeding   herds    have   descended. 
1  lohMy  the  greatest  success,  however,  ever 
scored   by  the  tribe  in  North  Americ;  was 
hmugh    the   extraordinary    record    of    imp 
Baron  Victor  (45944),  a  son  of  Victoria  58th 
as  a  bull-getter  in  the  fine  herd  of  Col   W 
A.  Harris,  Linwood,  Kan 

The  lancasters.~-Three  capital  cows  were 
boiKht  at  the  sale  from  tlie  fine  old  herd  of 
Wilkinson  of  Lenton  in  lS54-Lancaster  16th 
o.„p  and  Roman  9th.    Lancaster  16th  pro- 
duced the  good  bull   Lord  Bathurst  (13173) 
that  was  sold  from  the  herd  before  his  value 
was  realized.    She  was  one  of  the  first-prize 
lair  of  cows  at  the  Royal  Northern  of  1856  and 
for  one  of  her  descendants,  the  handsome  Lan- 
caster 25th,  Mr.  Barclay  of  Keavil  gave  150 
g^mieas.    She  proved  in  calf  at  the  time  to 
Mr.  Crarckshank's  Lord  Raglan  (13244),  and  in 
April.  1862,  gave  birth  to  three  heifer  calves, 
t«o  of  which,  Anne  and  Mary  of  Lancaster, 
«'on  prizes  at  Kelso  as  yeariings.    The  latter 
»l)se,iuently  became  the  dam  of  imp.  Baron 
Booth  of  Lancaster  7535,  whose  remarkable  in- 
Biience  in  America  in  the  herd  of  Hon.  J.  H 
ick-rell  has  already  been  commented  upon  in 
these  pages.    Mr.  Cruickshank  had  one  weak- 
ness.   He  would  occasionally  put  his  best  cat- 


III 

i 

4tfl 

1 

hll 

1 

ill 

602        A    HISTORY    OB^   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 

tie  in  price  to  wealthy  patrons.  Tempting 
offers  induced  him  to  part  with  the  best  of 
these  three  Wilkinson  cows — Roman  9th.  The 
Lancasters  also  got  away  from  him,  so  that 
after  a  few  years  he  had  nothing  left  from  his 
judicious  Lenton  purchase. 

The  Brawith  Buds.  -This  celebrated  Cruick- 
shank  family  comes  from  the  cow  Pure  Gold, 
descended  from  the  famous  Brawith  Bud  al- 
ready mentioned  in  connection  with  the  opera- 
tions of  Mr.  Grant  Duff  of  Eden.  Pure  Gold 
cost  Messrs.  Cruickshank  90  guineas  at  live 
years  old  at  the  Eden  sale  of  1854.  Old  Bra- 
with Bud  had  cost  160  guineas  in  1841  and  pro- 
duced calves  until  eighteen  years  of  age,  dur- 
ing all  that  period  maintaining  perfect  health. 
Amos  Cruickshank  considered  her  one  of  the 
most  remarkable  cows  he  had  ever  seen.  Pure 
Gold  was  often  exhibited,  and  carried  home  to 
Sittyton  many  first  prizes  from  Aberdeen.  Like 
her  maternal  ancestress  she  lived  to  a  good  old 
age,  in  fact  was  the  senior  matron  of  the  herd 
for  many  years. 

Pure  Gold's  daughter  Golden  Days,  a  great 
milker  and  grand  breeder,  sustained  the  repu- 
tation of  her  family  for  longevity.  She  gave 
to  the  herd  the  three  fine  bulls  Golden  Rule,  by 
Champion  of  England;  the  prize  bull  Pride  of 
the  Isles,  by  Scotland's  Pride,  and  Lord  of  the 
Isles,  by  same  sire.    Pride  of  the  Isles  was  chief 


ted  Ci'uick- 
Pure  Gold, 
th  Bud  iil- 
tbe  opera- 
Pure  Gold 
)as  at  five 
Old  Bra- 
tl  and  pro- 
if  age,  dur- 
:ect  health, 
one  of  the 
leen.  Pure 
3d  home  to 
deen.  Like 
a  good  old 
if  the  herd 

ys,  a  great 
J  the  repu- 
She  gave 
en  Rule,  by 
ill  Pride  of 
jord  of  the 
s  was  chief 


AMOS   OKUICKSHtNK   OP   8ITTYT0N.  603 

Stock  bull  at  Sittyton  for  a  number  of  years 

{i.m)  and  Shapinshay  (45581).    Lord  of  the 
Isles  was  sold  to  Bruce  of  Inverquhomex?  but 
was  afterward    bought  back   because  of  the 
/ervce  rendered   by  his  brother.    One 
daughter  of  Golden  Days,  named  Golden  Morn 
was  bought  by  Mr.  Janaeson  of  Ellon  and  in 
.s  hands  developed  into  an  e.xcellent  breeder 
She  was  qmte  a  dairy  cow.    Another  heifer 

r^l  fr  v""'  •t""''"  '^y  *1'--  Cruickshank 
«as  Golden  Year.  True  to  the  traditions  of 
her  tnbe  she  rounded  out  a  long  life  of  useful 

tlXwitht'd     ^"""^  ^'^^  '"°^*  '-~f 
the  Uiawith  Bud  cows  may  be  mentioned  Gilli- 

vei-  Garnish,  Godiva  and  Glowworm;  the  Hue 

f-^f  21),  Gondolier  (52950),  Wanderer  (60138) 
and  other  noted  sires  V""ioo; 

JmT^H,\'^'"^  u-f  ""^'""'  ^'•''^^ith  Bud 

0  V  In  {    "'  "^^'^^  Pi'esenting  a  satisfac- 

m  L,t  T  f  "-/'"T'  '"'''  ««'»ewhat   lacking 

s  read  of  rib,  which  characteristic  was  not 

S  nd""Thar  ,"""'  ""  '-"''  "^  Champion'f 
t  g.ind.    That  they  possessed  remarkable  con- 

S     T-'T  ''  ^"'•''"•'y  ^W"''-«"t-    They 
eie  developed  into  great  flesh-carriers  as  well 

1^  good  milkers  and  did  much  toward  estab- 
■i^huig  the  name  and  fame  of  Sittyton 


f 


r*«i 


f     M 


604 


A    HISTORY    OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


Duchesses  of  Gloster.— This  sort,  like  the 
Victorias,  owed  its  excellence  at  Sittytou  to 
the  skill  and  judgment  of  Amos  Cruickshank. 
Although,  like  the  Victorias,  they  were  de- 
scended originally  from  a  very  celebrated  Eng- 
lish cow;  yet  the  female  that  brought  the 
blood  of  Magdalena,  by  Comet — the  only  cow 
that  Charles  Colling  reserved  at  the  time  of 
the  Ketton  dispersion — to  the  Cruickshiuik 
herd  was  not  herself  an  animal  of  special  su- 
periority. The  blood  was  acquired  by  purchase 
of  a  cow  called  Chance,  by  Duke  of  Gloster 
(11382),  bred  by  Earl  Ducie  and  bought  in  1855 
from  a  Mr.  Robinson  of  Burton-on-Trent,  who 
had  obtained  her  from  Tortworth.  She  is  said 
to  have  been  somewhat  wanting  in  constitu- 
tion and  her  first  heifers  produced  only  two 
or  three  calves  each.  Her  descendants  were 
named  Duchesses  of  Gloster,  and  the  first  good 
one  of  the  line  is  said  to  have  been  the  7th 
Duchess,  sired  by  Lord  Raglan.  She  had  five 
calves  by  Champion  of  England  that  measured 
well  up  to  Mr.  Cruickshank's  standard.  In 
fact,  the  Lord  Raglan  Duchesses  of  Glosters 
seemed  to  "nick"  particularly  well  with  the 
Champion.  It  was  this  blending  of  blood  that 
produced  the  very  handsome  and  thoroughly 
satisfactory  breeding  bull  Grand  Duke  of  Glos^ 
ter  (26288).  This  bull  perhaps  resembled 
Champion  of  England  more  than  any  other  of 


AMOS  CRWCKSnANK  OF  SITTYTON.  605 

Sent  tfm^Vr    Tu   ^"^"^^  *'^<'  '''^t.  ^ut  ul 
«.  •LT  "*'  *'"'°"'"  ^«me  Of  the  most 

pe.fect  specimens   of   the    real    Cruictehank 

aoiiLr  wjfi  4.Kp  I,, .,  m  ^  ^^'''J'^  sale  at  Hendon, 
^  '^^^''  ^^le  bull  The  Baron  (13833)  in  m\K 
^he  represented  the  Bates  Hn«  l/i        ,         ^- 

Siimlse  were  rathefffi.  Sympathy  aud 

Lord  Sarkvilirh!V     ^"*  '"  substance  the 
i^i  odCKviiie  heifers   were  fnii   r.f  -4.     nr 

Ciuickshank  retained  at TfL  f  '*'    ^'- 

-^-softh.rohLn^/^',rS 


1  1 

ii 

1  ''1M 

m 

■lam^H 

1 

n 

■  :  M 


i 


()()()        A    niHTORY   OF   HIIORT-IIORN   CATTLE. 

prolific  ;iM(l  c.oiistitiitod  (luite  a  feature  of  the 
lieril  up  to  tlio  very  last.  l*r()l)al)ly  one  of  the 
best  of  tlio  Secret  oovvh  was  Surname,  dam  of 
tlie  successful  CoUynio  stock  bull  Scottish 
Archer  (5^)888).  None  of  the  Secret  bulls  were 
used  at  Sittyton. 

The  Cicely  sort. — In  1860  there  was  bou<,dit 
from  Mr.  Morris  HI  of  Bognie  an  evenly-built, 
low-logged,  level-tleshed  red  cow,  with  white 
marks,  called  Crocus,  sired  by  Jemmy  (I Kill). 
She  was  bred  to  I^ancaster  Royal  (181()7),  of  the 
Wilkinson  Lancaster  sort,  and  produced  the 
heifer  Cicely,  that  became  the  ancestress  of 
some  of  the  grandest  cows  Mr.  Cruickshaiik 
ever  bred,  including  Courtesy  by  Scotland's 
Pride,  Campion  l)y  Uoan  (launtlet,  Circassia  l)v 
Champion  of  England,  Cornucopia  by  (Trand 
Vizier  and  Corolla  by  Feudal  Chief.  Those 
who  were  familiar  with  the  herd  in  its  prime 
have  always  asserted  that  Courtesy  and  Cam- 
pion were  among  the  greatest  cows  ever  pro- 
duced upon  the  farm,  possessing  splendid  sab- 
stance  and  great  scale.  Mr.  Deane  Willis'  tine 
show  hoifer  Cactus  is  of  Cicely  descent. 

The  Cicelys  trace  on  the  dam's  side  to  the 
cow  Premium,  by  George  (2057),  that  was 
bought  by  Mr.  Cruickshank  from  Grant  Duff 
in  1841 ;  so  thao  they  are  of  kindred  origin 
with  the  Matchless  sort  already  mentioned. 

Avalanche.— Contemporary  with  Crocus  was 


I 


iTTLK. 

ituro  of  i;i(3 
J  one  of  t  lie 
.me,  dam  of 
ill  Scottish 
t  bulls  were 

was  bought 
sveuly-biiilt. 

with  white 
uuy  (lUni). 
8l()7),of  the 
L'oduced  the 
n(;estreiss  of 
]!ruicksliaMk 
r  Scotland's 
Oircassia  by 
a  by  (I  rand 
[lief.  Those 
in  its  prime 
sy  and  Cam- 
vs  ever  pro- 
pleudid  sub- 
!  Willis'  fine 
3ent. 

side  to  the 
),  that   was 

Grant  Duff 
idred  origin 
lentioned. 
I  Crocus  was 


AMOH   ntriOKHHANK    OK   SITTYTON.  (;07 

tlio  cow  Avalancho,  bonglifc  us  a  vearliinr  .,f  fhn 
.saloofMr.|)uddinKofl>autonrsS'\*^^^^ 
was  a  roan,  ..red  by  the  closely-brod  'uooth 
•  '"  ^S.r  Samuel,  and,  although  not  imrticula  l 
;t.ong  as  an  individual,  she  loft  a  heifo  in  the 
lienl,Aneniono,by  the  prixo  bull  Forth  HTHm 

I  at  was  fruitful  of  ,ood  result  tt/S 
(-;>  04),  Anemone  produced  Azalea,  the  niXr 
•h;  Kreat  Field  Marshal  (47870)  -^undoubt 
^  i'.v /l;o  g.v.ndest  of  all  the  Iatter4ty  S 
■^I^ank  bu  Is.    She  was  also  the  dam  of  the      .^ 

-•ofAn.non™'::;e^'^--rr:S- 
uoed  by  the  Avalanche  tribe;  acquiriirc  n 

No  l,ull.  of  this  tribe  were  tried  by  Mr.  Cruick- 

Violette  --A  rather  plain-looking  cow  of 
tl'is  name  that  produced  valuable  stock  when 
crossed  with  Cr^^^^^^^^^ 

1-Sno  at  the  sale  of  her  breeder,  Mr  Morriso 
;     ontcolfer.     Mated  with  Cliampion  c^"C 
^^"<1  she  gave  birth  to  three  capital  dau^hte  s 

-and  Monarquo  she  produced  Vellum     Vio^ 
^nfe  was  a  noble  cow  and  bred  nnt^  fifteen 

v..]  f.)0268),  that  proved  useful  in  the  herd  of 


III 


JtJ'il!t3!i;  il'tlH 


^'\wmt 


608 


A    HISTORY   OF    SHORT-HORN    CATTLE. 


'I'i  :i 


,11 


:'  1 1 


Bruce  of  Inverquhomery.  These  daughters  of 
Violette  were  among  the  best  cows  of  their 
time  at  Sittyton. 

The  Lovelys.— As  already  stated  in  our  ref- 
erences to  Mr.  Hay  of  Shethin  this  Sittyton 
sort  was  derived  from  the  two  good  cows 
Lovely  6th  and  Lovely  8th,  l)ought  at  the 
Shethin  sale  of  1863.  The  fauily  came  orig- 
inally from  the  beautiful  cow  Marion,  by  An 
thony  (1640),  that  had  been  bought  in  England 
irom  Mr„  Lovell  of  Edgcott.  Bred  to  Grand 
Monarque  (21867)  Lovely  8th  gave  the  Messrs. 
Cruickshank  one  of  the  bulls  that  made  their 
reputation — Scotland's  Pride  (25100).  She  also 
left  the  handsome  cow  Lovely  9th,  which, 
bred  to  Champion  of  England,  produced  Lord 
Lancaster  (26666),  also  used  in  the  herd.  Tho 
Lovelys  were  prime  favorites  with  Mr.  Cruick- 
shank, and  he  also  put  in  service  the  bull  Lord 
Lansdowne  (2VJ128),  a  grandson  of  Lovely  6th. 

Barmpton  Roses.-  -The  Sittyton  branch  of 
this  renowned  English  show-yard  tribe  de- 
scended from  Butterfly's  Pride  obtained  from 
Col.  Towneley  in  1864.  She  was  sired  by  the 
champion  show  bull  Royal  Butterfly  (16862), 
and  at  the  time  of  her  purchase  was  in  calf  to 
the  Bates  Duchess  bull  2d  Duke  of  Wharfdale 
(19649).  The  produce  was  a  heifer,  Butterfly's 
Joy,  that  was  scarcely  up  to  the  family  stand- 
ard.   The  astonishing  success  of  Tovvneley's 


AMOS   CRUICKSHANK   OF   SITTYTON.  609 

great  herd  manager,  Joseph  Culshaw,  with  the 
Barmpton  Roses  in   the  great  show-yards  of 

tfpait  r^^^^^^  and  Ireland,  as  well  as  a 
he  Pans  Exposition  of  1856,  seemed  to  have 

t'll^     f^'^'  *"  ^^'^  «"^«^««f"l  "nick"  of 

m  SO)       -f.'  T'  'y  ^'  '^'  ^""  Frederick 
(11489)   with  the  Barmpton  Rose  base.*    At 

any  rate  the  Bates  cross,  as  represented  by 

But  erfly^s  Joy  at  Sittyton,  did  not  seem  to 

pi-oduce  equal  results;  but  a  dash  of  the  blood 

sary  to  discuss  at  such  lenltTvtiouTl^  l'^,^^''^  ^^"  madeltneces- 
write  specially  for  En^llsrreaders  ceminl ,  ^'"Tr!"^'^'-  ''^"^^  "^"^^ 
unique  In  Short-horn  history   and  irhf"",^^  1°  Culshaw  a  character 

Roan  Duchesses  an  Inspiration  tSt  ho  fid  SmnTthl  TT^''  ""'^  '''"'' 
rhetorical.  While  the  subject  is  of  oniv  nniil^  ,^  ^""^^*  P^°  *«  «l^ht8 
Short-horn  breeding  worid  c  alms  the  n«^i  'iJ'  *"*^''*'"' '°  ^"^^''l^^  t^e 
partof  the  common  heritage  l^ew  Of  The  rn^''/''""  °'  Towueleyas  a 
may  therefore  be  here  reco^ed  *^*^  '■^'^^""^  »«  'he  herd 

Js^rrhirts,;!^^^^^^^^^^ 

mental  power.  The  Countv  of  t  a  5  'o  overcome  obstacles  to  build  up 
^uher  than  for  L'^S^t^u  L^^^et;  ItrfwIthV^r'^^^^^^'^''^^^ 
t'reat  emporiums  of  trade  the  cities  of  LlvLnonii",""  '"''^''''^  "'°«« 
Towneley's  home  farm  adjoined  BurnlevnnrfM  *''"'*  Manchester.  Col. 
less  bttsy,  Lancastrian  cemers  o^  Xst'ry  The  s'nr"""'"'  ^"*  "°"«  **>« 
Grain  rarely  ripened  and  roots  Puenn[n"rt.  ^""^  *'°^*^  ^"'^  ^O"*". 

vlous  to  drainage  on  accotuu  of  1  s  st  flcl"y  Soil-?"  ''"'  "'^^  *'"^«'" 
croaclifd  upon  by  the  Burnley  factories  .nri^^'  '"oreover  it  was  en- 
cases from  thefurnacesdestroyS  mS Of  t,^''^^^''  '^"^  *^«  ^'^^'^e  «nd 
«vall  little  against  such  condSns  sTfar  as  ^.r,n^''"°"•  ''^'^"''^  «°"^'i 
corned.  Nevertheless  a  ShortCnherTprobabrv^h?n '"'"?"'  '''''  ^°"- 
ever  existed  elsewhere,  was  here  iJv^lfaZn^^ ''^'''' V '''''' '^''' ""^^ 
north  was  Holker  Hall,  where  the  Duke  nfn  ^°*  ""''"y  ^e-'srues  to  the 
"ant  success.  It  is  w;rthv  of  not?  how/  ^«!°"«^*'-«  '^l^o  scored  a  brll- 
the  birth  Of  the  Butterflys  and  that  DrelT'  ^''f  """'"^'^^  ^'-^'^^  ^^''ore 
Of  Oxford.  '^  *^''*  ^'^^^'^y  preceded  the  Grand  Duchesses 

It  was  In  1848  that  Col.  Townelev  sot  thmno-i,  »i,  . 
wood  of  Whltewell,  In  the  VaTlev  o^  ul  ^Z/    l^""^  ^"""^  ^'"^^^  ^r.  East- 
>hat  brought  him  fame  ImShabie     A^^f       '  ,*'"'  '""""'^  ""^^  «^  *='""« 
wood  had  bought  the  flne'cow  BtmeVcup   '"  2Tol  ""T'  '"'""'"^  ^•■'«*- 
Hubback  m  her  flecks.-  a  daughter  of  Z'^e^ZlUV.ZZtoT  i'S 


1  i 


H 


,-« 


• 

!■ 

if 

\ 

610 


A    HISTORY    OP   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


of  the  great  North-country  show  bull  Forth 
through  his  son  Alhm  (21172),  seemed  to  bring 
back  much  of  the  beauty  of  the  sort  as  dis- 
played at  Towneley.     Bred  to  the  bull   last 

latter  was  bred  by  Mr.  Waldy  of  Barmpton,  neiir  Darlington.  She  was  full 
of  Robert  Colllnp'a  old  Red  Rose  blood,  and  was  a  heavy-bodied,  broaU- 
ribbed,  deep-mllklug  strawberry  roan. 

"He  whom  the  gods  call  Giilshaw, 
And  men  on  earth  call '  ,Toe,' " 
was  under  "Tom  "Mason  at  Sir  Charles  Tempest's  when  Barmpton  Rose 
was  brought  from  the  Walkeringham  sale  to  Broughton  Hall,  iiiid  lier 
buxom  beauty  nuido  a  deep  impression  upon  the  "future  great"  trainer 
and  breeder.  When  a  mere  lad  Culshaw  betrayed  an  Irrepresslblo  enthu- 
siasm for  the  "rod.  white  and  roans."  Upon  one  occasion  he  was  sent 
with  a  cow  that  was  to  be  bred  to  a  bull  at  Whltaker's,  and  the  brightnesa 
of  the  boy  and  his  Interest  in  the  cattle  so  attracted  the  attention  of  thu 
proprietor  that  he  personally  showed  the  youthful  ambassador  through 
the  Greenholme  Hoi-d  in  detail.  That  was  indeed  a  great  day  for"littl(! 
Joe."  Would  that  all  of  those  who  have  such  opportunities  would  ovineo 
the  same  disposition  to  encourage  young  men  who  manifest  a  love  for  gooU 
cattle! 

Col.  Towneley  was  a  man  of  great  wealth  and  many  acres  and  engaged 
Eastwood  as  his  general  manager.  The  latter  was  fond  of  Klllerby  and  its 
Short-horns,  and  af'er  buying  Buttercup  hired  from  John  Booth  the  bull 
Jeweler  (10354),  son  of  Necklace,  "a  short  bull  wltli  a  bad  liead  and  a  lltfht 
neck,  but  with  capital  sides  and  quality."  Buttercup,  served  by  this  bull 
and  weak  from  an  attack  of  "  foot-and-mouth,"  and  her  half-siBtcr  Bessie, 
another  daughter  of  Barmpton  Rose,  in  calf  to  Lax's  Duke  (•)032).  were  in- 
cluded In  the  lot  that  went  to  Towneley  in  1848.  The  former  dropped  But- 
terfly and  the  latter  the  great  stock  bull  Frederick  (1W89)— the  pair  from 
whence  came  those  show-yard  monarchs  Master  Butterfly  (1S311)  and  Royal 
Butterfly  (l(i8C2). 

After  having  served  a  long  apprenticeship  \nider  Mason  at  Sir  Cbarlos 
Tempest's  Culshaw  was  hired  by  Col.  Towneley  In  1849.  He  had  been  with 
Mr.  Ambler,  the  breeder  of  the  celebrated  Grand  Turk  (129iiy),  for  tlie  pre 
vlous  eighteen  months,  and  while  there  had  taken  Senator  to  the  Royiil 
and  defeated  Mr.  Bates'  2d  and  3d  Dukes  of  Oxford.  Jeweler  wont  wltli  tin- 
Eastwood  cows  to  Towneley,  and  soon  afterward  the  Booth-bred  Lonl 
George  (10439)— son  of  Blrtliday  and  sire  of  2d  Duke  of  Athol  in  tlie  Airdrio 
Duchess  pedigree— followed. 

The  opportunity  that  Culshaw  had  so  long  desired  was  now  presenttd. 
He  had  under  his  control  at  Towneley  a  rare  good  lot  of  cows  selected  by 
Mr.  Eastwood  and  Mr.  Strafford.  He  was  keen  to  try  conclusions  with  thi- 
best  breeders  and  titters  of  the  realm  at  a  time  when  show-yard  entluisiasm 
had  been  fanned  into  a  tierce  flame  liirgedy  through  the  triiunphs  >f  tlie 
Booths.  With  the  active  8ymi)atliy  and  support  of  hi.s  employors  Culshaw 
charged  the  entire  line  of  opposition  with  ou(!  of  tlie  most  admlraljly 


TTLE. 

bull  Forth, 
?d  to  bring 
iort  as  clis- 
i   bull   last 


on.    She  was  full 
vy-bodled,  broad- 


i  Barmpton  Rose 
)n  Hall,  and  lier 
re  erreaf  trainer 
epresslblo  enthii- 
ilon  he  was  sent 
lid  the  brightness 
i  attention  of  the 
laasador  through 
lit  day  for"Iittl(! 
lea  would  ovineo 
St  a  love  for  good 

eras  and  engaged 
t  KUlerby  and  Its 
n  Booth  the  bull 
head  and  a  light 
rved  by  this  bull 
alf-sistcr  Uessle, 
:«  (!)0r)2).  were  in- 
ner dropped  But- 
))— the  pair  from 
(1S311)  and  Royal 

u  at  Sir  Charles 
le  had  been  with 
Wii'J),  for  the  pn- 
tor  to  the  Royal 
er  wont  witli  the 
?00th-bred  Lord 
ol  In  the  Airdrie 

i  now  presentid. 
!0wa  selected  by 
lusions  with  thi' 
t^ard  enthusiasm 
triiunphs  if  the 
)loyerfl  Culshaw 
moat  admirably 


AMOS   CRUICKSHANK   OF   SITTYTON.  (/[[ 

named  Buttery's  Joy  produced  the  good  cow 
Barmpton  Flower,  which,  mated  wifrRo;^ 
Duke  of  Gloster,  ^ave  Mr.  Cruickshank  the Tx 
cellent  stock  bull  Barmpton  (37763)    famous 
throughout  America  as  the  sire  of  imp  bTo" 

=SrSSir-;:;^:-Srr-  -everaeen.  B.^^^^^ 
derfu;  Quality  walked  through  the  show  r'i'f"*""'  bosom  and  v^on 
defeat.  She  had  six  living  ca Iverand  XTf  I'"'  """"^^  ''^'"°«'  ^*»'^o^' 
produced  Royal  Butterfly  fhat  was  seenl  L  f""^  '^''^  ^^'^*  ^^'«>  a^« 
the  National  Show  at  Mancheste:  r!1,1  i'"^^^  ""  ^'^  thirteenth  year  at 
wonderful  thighs.  It  was  in  8M  tSitXt  fl  '' "'"'^''■^^'^^^d '-^'-^^  ^'th 
famous  roan  Master  Butterfly  a  fer  w'?"'"''/'*^^  '''''''  '"  the  world- 
over  all  Britain,  and  heading  the  great  rnrAf'^n  ?!*'  ^"'^  championships 
Exposition  Of  185«.  he  was  sold  at  thfth  '    '^"^^ 

.utneas  for  export  to  Australli  Beau'y's  BunTr'''"""^  P''^^^  «*  ^'^OO 
noted  Of  the  Winners  and  after  gafning  Rov^  f '''*' ^'^^  "'^^^^  ^^6  most 
Stnithfield  Fat-Stock  Show,  and  re  ruTd^o  ft  f  ?'"'  ^"'^  ^*  '^^  ^°^^on 
rings  the  following  year.  4rnlng  for  c\uahaw  .  .  "'"'^'  '"^  '^^  ""'^^'^^ 
fron>  Punch  in  verse  under  the  headhi^  Tn.l  r  ''^^''^'^'erlBtlc  recognition 
mlt  of  our  recording  here  even  the  ,"  mp*I  ',^f  T"''"  ^'^^'^^  ^^"^  "^^^  ^d- 
Towneley  cattle.  From  the  years  iSol'^^M  '"'"  "'^  winnings,  of  the 
to  l..ading  exhibitions  of  Engtnd  Scotland  'Z'^'T''  ^^^^^t^n^'y  Been  ut 
Of  «1().000  in  cash  besides  twtn  Irwo"  -   ^  ''"'*'' "^^""'"^  "^''^'''''^ 

only  the  prince  of  all 'nralners'Vf  Wa    ime  bm  T'^-    """'"^"^  ^^«  »«*   . 
success  in  holding  his  show  cows  to  ti  "  r"!."'  ^""^  "^°«*  extraordinary 
Gibson,  who  knew  him  well,  subnTits  the  fni^         "  '"^  ^^''^'i'^^^-    Richard 
was  one  whose  name  will  boTe  t^flVc^!,  ^^  "Mr.Cttlshaw 

of  his  contemporaries  are  forgotte,  Of  Tn,.""''"''"^  '°"^  ■■'«'''•  many 
still  he  had  a  forceful  manner  hs  wo^'"!'l' r°'^"'"^^^'«  *«'"P«rament 
Prov,nelal  dialect  he  had  more  power  w,^,  If  trusted,  but  In  hla  strong 
ad  he  been  loaded  to  the  muzzHi t  ^La  in  i'd  r^  T'^''  ^""««"  'han 
l-at  h  s  equal  had  never  been  whoTo  .i^e  n  .  f''"'^^'-  °^  ^*'"  *'  ^^  «ald 
"ave  his  shew  cattle  breed  irgu larU  and  feen"  '""^  °^  «"ccessfully  and 
graduated  fron.  a  good  achool  hi^Tither  Z?  P'-f  ^"^'"^  winners.  He 
rats,  and  under  Tom  Mason  i ,"  .   h  ! .       ^eing employed  at  Sir  C  Temn 

-  Holker),  made   Sr^'ri  Tverrettitl'ns^^'^r' ^^^^  ^--Si  1 
Moreover,  from  the  san.e  sehoorwas  som  for,,    f  "^"^   ""^  *^^'«'-  "'^^'^■ 

-  waa^  tntlmately  connected  ^^tr^Sf™- ^^  ^- 

bat  Bates  blood  predominated.  Rol  1  fit  ,,  rf  "^  "T^  '''^'^  ''°"^''*  ^.ack. 
elosing-out  sale  at  an  upset  pr  ce  of  1  w  1:  "^  ^'''^ '''''^°  "^^*^"-'"d '■'t  the 
Oxiord,  however,  was  the  nrinein^i  I7OC  .^n.ineaa.    The  Bates-bred  Baron 

toford  fenuales  were  also  aSedTi;  ""''  '"  "^'^  ^^^"""^  '^^'•d-  Some 
'^-'^'..ers  Of  Baron  oJoTj^rel^XTan^rV^^^ 

«mmrs  at  th,.  Manchester,  Oxford  and 


612        A   HISTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 

Victor,  the  bull  that  fairly  made  the  herd  of 
Col.  W.  A.  Harris  of  Linwood.  An  own  sister 
to  Barmpton  Flower,  known  as  Butterfly's 
Delight,  produced  the  bull  Bai.  .pton  Prince 
(32995),  by  Viceroy,  that  was  chosen  for  ser- 
vice in  the  herd.  He  had  to  be  sent  to  the 
butcher,  however,  at  an  early  age  as  the  result 
of  a  broken  leg,  and  left  but  few  calves,  all  of 
excellent  character.  Mr.  Cruickshank  earn- 
estly desired  to  introduce  the  Barmpton  Rose 
blood  into  the  herd,  and  used  another  bull  from 
Butterfly's  Joy,  known  as  Ben  Wyvis  (80528). 

The  Spicys. — There  was  bought  from  Mr. 
Milne  of  Kinaldie,  Aberdeenshire,  in  ISBS,  a 
cow  known  as  Spicy  4th.    She  was  a  daughter 


Cardiff  Royals  from  1869  to  1872.  The  second  herd  was  closed  out  in  1873  at 
high  prices,  as  noted  In  a  previous  chapter. 

Col.  Towneley  received  some  great  prices  for  his  pets  at  private  treaty. 
Douglas  of  Athelstaneford  gave  000  guineas  for  Ringlet,  that  became  the 
dam  of  his  500-guinea  Queen  of  Athelstane.  For  Frederlca  and  Lalla  Rookh 
Mr.  Thorne  paid  700  guineas.  The  former  had  been  the  flrst-prl2,e  yi^arlinp 
at  the  Lewes  Royal,  but  was  accidentally  killed  at  sea.  The  great  Towne- 
ley sale  of  fifty-six  head,  of  which  twenty-eight  were  Barmpton  Roses, 
proved  one  of  the  most  memorable  in  English  Short-horn  history.  A  com- 
pany of  not  less  than  3,000  persons  assembled  and  competition  for  the  best 
lots  was  active  between  the  best  breeders  of  the  Kingdom.  Royal  Butter- 
fly's Duchess  fetched  £500  and  the  bull  Royal  Butterfly  lltli  £400  from  the 
agent  of  Sir  William  Sterling  Maxwell  for  his  Scottish  herd  at  Kelr  to  take 
the  place  of  Forth  that  had  been  sold  to  Messrs.  Cruickshank.  The  general 
average  of  the  sale  was  £128. 

The  Towneley  Butterflys  were  specially  distinguished  for  their  nne 
style,  finish,  quality  and  long,  level  quarters.  While  somewhat  on  the  ui)- 
Btanding  order,  they  were  oi  a  substantial  mold,  possessing  gay  carriage 
and  stepped  like  "hunters." 

All  hands  at  Towneley  were  fond  of  a  good  horse.  Kettledrum,  a  Derby 
winner,  and  the  "king  bull"  of  his  day,  Koyal  Butterfly,  were  In  the  Towne- 
ley stables  at  the  same  date.  Eastwood  and  Culshaw  owned  Butterfly, 
winner  of  The  Oaks  and  other  races,  atldiug  to  the  herdsman's  bank  ac- 
count uot  less  than  $10,000.    "Joe"  had  named  the  filly  "after  'tauld  coo." 


ed  out  In  1873  at 


AMOS   CRUICKSHANK   OF   SITTYTON.  fiig 

Of  a  COW  that  had  been  brought  from  the  herd 
of  Mr.  Harvey  Combe  of  Cobham  Park,  Surrey 
Lng.,  who  had  obtained  the  family  originally 

dike  (14897),  the  cow  taken  from  Surrey  to 
Aberdeen  by  Mr.  Milne,  had  the  reputation  of 
bemg  an  extra  good  one.     At  Sittyton   her 
daughter   Spicy    4th.    bred    to    Champion    of 
England,  gave  birth  to  the  fine  cow  Silvery 
the  ancestress  of  an  excellent,  although  not 
immerous,  family.     To   this  source  the  bulls 
Strongbow  (52230)  and  Sea  King  (617(;ti)  traced 
ben-  maternal  origin.     Strongbow  was  used 
wo  seasons  by  Mr.  Cruickshank,  and  one  of 
lii>s  get— the  bull  Norseman  (56233)— entered 
he  herd  of  Her  Majesty  Queen  Victoria  at 
Wnidsor.    Of  this  same  sort  also  was  the  roan 

^7  1  'n"'  i^'^^'^^^'  ^^''  i^i^k  of  the  Deane 

^  il  IS  bulls  of  1895  and  sold  at  twelve  months 

old  for  250  guineas. 
The  Lavenders.- Mr.   Cruickshank  always 

le^n-etted  having  parted  with  the  Wilkiiison 
cows  previously  mentioned  in  our  references 
to  the  Lancaster  family,  and  he  made  repeated 
ettor  s  to  recover  some  of  the  original  Lenton 
hlood,  for  which  he  had  the  highest  respect. 
^ome  diftculty  was  met  with,  however  in 
again  acquiring  satisfactory  representatives  of 
^lat  noted  Nottingham  herd.  A  few  of  the 
Hebes  were  finally  obtained  from  Messrs  Dud- 


f^^HHK' 

1  1    ?  BHFV'"' '  '^'"  ' 

1 

1     ,       aJI  ' 

!! 


: 


ii 


■              ■  i  ■     ^ 

;  ■ 

(>14        A    HIHTORY    OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 

ding  of  Paiiton,  but,  they  proved  ansatisfactoi'y 
and  were  soon  disposed  of.  From  a  Mr.  Mai  ris 
of  Worcestershire  a  Lenton  Lady  and  a  Lancas- 
ter were  then  obtained,  but  they  also  proved 
disappointing.  It  was  not  until  1870  that  the 
original  Lenton  threads  were  gathered  up  suc- 
cessfully. In  that  year  some  Lavenders  were 
obtained  from  Mr.  Butler  of  Badminton,  wlio 
had  purchased  the  matron  of  the  family  in  his 
hands  from  a  Mr.  Logan  of  Newport,  Ireland, 
who  had  got  the  blood  direct  from  Wilkinson. 
Mr.  Cruickshank  bought  these  Butler  cows 
solely  on  account  of  their  Lenton  origin,  in 
spite  of  the  fact  that  the  intervening  crosses 
had  materially  modified  the  original  type.  At 
first  they  did  not  promise  the  desired  results, 
but  after  being  subjected  to  several  infusions 
of  Sittyton  blood  they  began  t(>  justify  his 
faith.  It  is  stated  that  Lavender  l()th,  by  Lord 
Lansdowne,  and  Lavender  17th,  by  Royal  Duke 
of  Gloster,  and  their  descendants  were  much 
the  best  of  the  tribe.'  Lavender  17th  was  con- 
sidered the  best  heifer  of  her  year  in  the 
herd  and  matured  into  one  of  the  great  cows 
of  her  time.  Lavender  16th  possessed  great 
scale  and  produced  many  calves,  among  others 
the  bull  Feudal  Chief  (51251),  used  in  the  herd 
at  the  very  close  of  its  career.  Some  of  the 
best  Cruickshank  females  we  have  had  in 
America  were  of  this  Lavender  family,  and  it 


f  "* 


ere  much 


AMOS   f!RUICK8HANK   OF   SITTYTON.  615 

has  to  its  credit  in  recent  years  in  England  the 
production  of  Mr.  Deane  Willis'  Royal  prize- 
winning  bull  Count  Lavender  (60545) 

First  Sittyton  bulls.-The  first  Sittyton  sires 
cunie  trom  Barclay  of  Ury.  While  the  founda- 
tions were  being  laid  cows  and  heifers  were  in 
inany  cases  sent  to  be  bred  to  bulls  on  neigh- 
bonng  farms.  Notably  that  of  James  Walker 
of  Wester  Fintray,  afterward  well  known  in 
tlie  Aberdeen- Angus  trade.  Walker  liked  a 
good  Short-horn,  and  among  the  Wester  Fin- 
tray  bulls  patronized  by  Mr.  Cruickshank  were 
General  Picton  (3S76)  and  Sovereign  (7539). 

Til  .?nn?^^  ^"^^  purchased  was  the  white 
lukhorn  (6091),  whose  name  was  derived  from 
t he  farm  from  whence  he  came.  Barclay,  like 
Kobertson  and  Rennie  in  the  South,  had  been 
somewhat  indifferent  in  reference  to  herd  book 
registration.  Inkhorn  traced  on  his  dam's  side 
to  the  best  English  foundations,  as  set  forth  in 
the  herd  book,  but  his  sire  is  not  given.    The 

i^L'fT^^^^'^"'^^^^'    (^^^^^    ^"d    Premier 
(^^08),  both  bred  by  Capt.  Barclay  and  both  by 

Mahomed  (6170),  were  next  purchased.  Pre- 
mier, out  of  the  cow  Mary  Anne  by  Sillery 
was  retained,  and  Chancellor  sold  to  Mr.  Bruce 
ot  Heatherwick.  The  latter,  however,  turned 
out  to  be  the  better  bull.  Then  came  Con- 
queror (6884),  bought  as  an  aged  bull.  He  was 
also  of  Ury  blood  and  by  Mahomed. 


11 


w 


i 


616 


A   HISTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


Fairfax  Royal  (6987).— The  first  of  the  long 
line  of  distinguished  bulls  used  at  Sittyton  was 
Fairfax  Royal  (6987),  a  rich  dark  roan,  bred  by 
William  Torr.  He  was  bought  in  1845  as  a 
two-year-old  for  150  guineas  at  a  sale  made  by 
Mr.  Watson  of  Walkeringham,  who  had  given 
100  guineas  for  him  as  a  calf.  According  to  all 
the  accounts  that  have  been  handed  down  con- 
cerning the  earlier  Sittyton  stock,  and  judging 
by  the  illustration  in  Vol.  VI  Coates'  Herd 
Book,  Fairfax  Royal  was  a  bull  of  outstanding 
merit,  full  of  substance,  flesh  and  hair.  He 
was  sired  by  Lord  Adolphus  Fairfax  (4249)  out 
of  Fair  Rosamond,  and  was  a  prime  favorite 
with  Amos  Cruickshank.  He  was  a  first-prize 
bull  at  Aberdeen  in  1847,  and  in  the  opinion  of 
those  who  knew  the  best  of  the  North  Scottish 
bulls,  ranked  with  the  famous  Forth  as  one 
of  the  best  bulls  ever  owned  in  Aberdeen- 
shire. Jamieson  states  that  his  heifers  had 
this  peculiarity  that  many  of  them  would  not 
breed  until  three  years  old,  but  when  once 
started  bred  regularly  and  well.  Several,  how- 
ever, were  sold  fat  to  the  butcher  before  this 
was  discovered.  The  same  authority  says:  "I 
remember  having  seen  the  cow  Carmine  Rose, 
by  1  lirfax  Royal,  whose  name  appears  in  the 
pedigree  of  the  Violet  family.  She  was  a  grand 
beast,  very  fat  and  had  been  put  to  the  plow 
for  awhile  to  get  her  to  breed." 


AMOS   ORUIOKSHANK   OP   SITTYTON.  617 

Hudson  (9228),  Report  (10704)  and  Velvet 
Jacket  (10998).-At  the  English  Royal  Show 
of  1848  the   first-prize  bull   in  the  class  for 
yearlings  was  Hudson  (9228),  bred  by  W.  Lin- 
ton  of  Sheriff  Button,  Yorkshire.     Being  in 
need  of  a  bull  Amos  Cruickshank  went  to  see 
hiin  and  although  not  particularly  impressed 
bought  him— it  is  stated  because  he  could  not 
suit  himself  better  at  the  time— for  use  at  Sit- 
tyton.    Hudson  was  a  yellow-red,  somewhat 
lacking  in  scale,  but  possessed  of  exceptional 
quality,  and  won  second  at  a  Royal  Northern 
Show.    He  was  kept  in  service  two  years  and 
two  of  his  daughters,  both  possessing  his  golden 
slan  and  quality,  were  retained  for  breeding 
purposes.    One  of  these  was  China  Rose  out  of 
the  Violet  cow  Carmine  Rose  above  mentioned. 

Resort  was  next  had  to  the  herd  of  S.  Wiley 
of  Brandsby,  from  whom  was  hired  the  roan 
bull  Report  (10704),  described  as  "neat  and 
compact,  but  smallish;  and  chiefly  remembered 
as  the  sire  of  a  remarkably  fine  cow,  Buttercup, 
which  had  both  substance  and  style  in  an  unu- 
sual degree."  Fair  success  seems  to  have  at- 
tended the  use  of  the  Wiley  bull. 

The  roan  Velvet  Jacket  (10998),  bred  by  Mr. 
Unthank,  was  bought  in  1850  from  Douglas  of 
Athelstaneford,  whose  East  Lothian  herd  had 
eaped  into  fame  as  a  result  of  some  remarka- 
ble show-yard  victories.     Bred  to  Rose  of  Au- 


ii 


I 


'ill 


018 


A    HISTORY    OF    SHORT-HORN    CATTLE. 


tumn,  one  of  the  greatest  of  tlie  l)(juglas  cows, 
Velvet  Jacket  sired  the  celebrated  Rose  of 
Summer.  Before  she  was  develoi)ed,  however. 
Amos  Cruickshauk  offered  Douglas  £50  for  tlio 
bull,  which  was  accepted  and  he  went  to  Sitty- 
ton.  It  is  said  that  "Amos  considered  him  a 
good-looking  beast,  but  happening  soon  after 
to  see  his  dam  lie  thought  her  so  very  had  that 
he  sold  Velvet  Jacket  at  the  first  opportunity." 
What  few  calves  he  sired  while  in  the  herd 
made  no  special  nnirk.  He  was  winner  of  first 
prizes  at  the  Highland,  Royal  Northern  and 
Royal  Dublin  Shows. 

Matadore  (11800).— None  of  the  earlier  Sit- 
tyton  sires  proved  of  more  practical  worth  than 
the  dark-roan  Matadore  (11800).  At  the  time 
he  was  introduced  into  the  herd  the  females 
numbered  about  120  head.  This  was  in  18r)3. 
Matadore  was  bred  by  Mr.  W.  Smith  of  West 
Rasen,  Lincolnshire,  Eng.,  and  was  an  own 
brother  in  blood  to  one  of  the  most  valuable 
cows  ever  imported  into  America;  to- wit.,  the 
red-roan  Mazurka  for  which  Mr.  Alexander 
paid  ^3,050.  Both  were  out  of  the  fine  cow 
Moselle,  by  Baron  of  Ravensworth  (7811);  and 
both  were  sired  by  Booth  bulls— Mazurka, 
by  Harbinger  (10297),  and  Matadore,  by  Hope- 
well (10332).  Mr.  Cruickshank  purchased  from 
Mr.  Smith  at  the  same  time  another  son  of 
Hopewell,    called    Bushranger    (11228),    and 


B(    *!  I       y 


AMOS    ORUICKHHANK   OF   SITTYTON.  619 

thought  the  latter  rather  the  better  of  the 
tno.  He  practically  failed  to  breed,  however 
iind  was  soon  turned  off.  ' 

Ahitadoro  is  said  to  have  been  a  bull  of  fine 
qiulity,  with  a  capital  skin  and  hair  and  strong 
m  the  loui;  his  fault  being  some  little  lack  of 
uKlth  through  the  chest.     He  responded  read- 
ily to  feed,  and  had  been  first  at  the  Yorkshire 
Sliovv  of  1851  as  a  yearling.     He  was  first  at 
the  Highland  Show  at  Perth  in  1852  as  a  two- 
}W.old  and  first  at  the  Royal   Northern   of 
hS'^i    He  was  used  in  the  herd  for  four  years 
with  much  success.    He  was  specially  distin- 
guished as  a  bull-getter;  his  sons  used  in  other 
fec()ttish  herds  giving  the  best  of  satisfaction 
and  doing  much  toward  establishing  the  repu- 
tation of  Sittyton.    Among  these  were  Mag- 
num Bonum  (13277),  used  by  the  Duke  of  Rich- 
mond; Pro  Bono  Publico  (13528),  sold  to  Lord 
llaiicarty  of  Ireland;  Prince  of  Coburg  (15100) • 
(ioldfinder  (11029);  Beeswing  (1245G),  the  first 
Tf     f£/''^'^  ^y  Campbell  of  Kinellar;  De- 
ender  (12867),  the  first  Cruickshank  bull  sold 
tor  export  to  America  (see  page  279);  and  Lord 
backviUe  (13249),  that  was  the  first  home-bred 
l)ull  except  Prince  Edwia-d  Fairfax  retained  for 
service  by  Mr.  Cruickshank. 

Lord  Sackville  was  a  roan  of  great  constitu- 
tion, possessing  the  same  great  back  and  loin 
that  distinguished  both  Matadore  and  Mazurka 


hi 


<m 


!  • 


i        f 


il 


' "  I 


■ 


fi20     A  nrsToRY  op  snouT-noRN  cattle. 

Tt;  was  tho  cross  of  Lord  Sackvillo  in)()ii  the 
Secret  cows  that  first  l)r()uglit  tliat  soit  up  to 
tho  Sittyton  standard.  A  portrait  of  Ahitadore 
will  1)0  found  in  Vol.  X  of  Coates'  Herd  IJook. 
Plantagenet  (11906).  This  red-and- white 
bull,  bred  by  Col.  Townoley,  had  been  h()u<,dit 
as  a  calf  by  Douglas  of  Athelstaneford,  who 
sold  him  to  Mr.  Cruickshank  as  a  yearling  in 
1852.  Ho  was  sired  by  Duke  of  Lancaster 
(10929)-  bred  by  Mr.  Eastwood  and  got  by 
Lax's  Duke  (9082),  sire  of  Towneley's  famous 
Frederick  (11489)— out  of  Madeline,  bred  by 
John  Booth  of  Killerby.  Plantagenet  was 
shown  at  Aberdeen  as  a  yearling,  winning  first 
prize,  but  died  after  one  year's  service  at  Sitty- 
ton. He  was  the  sire  of  the  twin  heifer  calves 
Virtue  and  Verdure,  that  became  the  dams  of 
two  of  the  gi'oatest  bulls  ever  known  in  Scot- 
land— Virtue  producing,  to  a  service  by  Lan- 
caster Comet  (ll()f)3),  the  most  renowned  of 
all  Cruickshank  bulls  Champion  of  England 
(17526).  Her  sister,  Verdure,  bred  to  The 
Baron  (13833),  dropped  Scarlet  Velvet  (1691()), 
a  very  stylish  bull  that  had  a  successful  career 
in  the  herd  of  Mr.  Campbell.  It  is  stated  that 
Mr.  Cruickshank  did  not  credit  Plantagenet 
very  largely  in  connection  with  the  production 
of  Champion  of  England,  that  honor  being  at- 
tributed rather  to  Lancaster  Comet.  Virtue 
and  Verdure  and  another   Plantagenet  cow, 


AMOS   UKIUCKMIIANK   OF   StTTYTON.  621 

Sh:iv,m\  I{„«o,weio  all  g„o,l  niilkora  but  rather 
Ilium  111  appeiiriiiu^e. 

Doctor    Buckingham    (14406).- This    red 
l™ll  vvas  a  imi-e  liooth,  l,re,l  l,y  Anil.ler    .ui,l 

.ro,v  Hopewell  (10332)  out  of  the  WaJha,;' 

I   IJloom.      Ho   eost    M,.«.srs.  Cri.ick.slia.^c 

eOy  meas     Mn.:h  difflculty  was  experienced 

«ot  n,g  h,„.  to  serve  properly  a„,l  after  a 

siKit  tune  he  was  sold  to  Mr.   R    A    Aley 

;''      '  •"'t  'T"''*'^^  ''""   *"  Kentucky.    He" 

";',r  "•'  ^';  ^;-"iol.shank's  operation.,  Lin  y 

^Vl^^  of  the  first  of  the  Sittyton  Orang^ 

The  Baron  (13833).-At  Mr.  Tanqneray's 
i  .It  Hendou,  near  London,  in  1855  Mr.  An- 
i"i.y  Cruickshank  purchased  for  m  Kuine^s 
e  two-yeai-old  red  hull  The  Daron  mS) 
t  ad  been  bred  by  Mr.  Richard  Chaloner  of 
f  f  n  ^  ''''"  '"'•"'  ^y  "'"•""  Warlaby  (7813) 
";:,"""  ?"";  "f  Ea.-I  Spencer's  breeding     A 

n  In  s™  r    ;'''  '''"''•"'  '"^  "'^^^  ■**  Dublin 
'  a  tt  W-".VT  "?  "f  *•>«  "°*^ble  win- 

>•>)  .UKl  18o6.    He  was  described  as  very  neat 
'  1>>-^  quarters,  but  rather  lacking  in  n» 

ta.  character.    I„  spite  of  this  fart,  iowevm- 
e    roved  a  very  prolific  and,  as  was  though 
i    ,*",""'  ^r'T  •^"'^<"'^«f"I  «i'-e,  e.speciall/of 

tii.111  had  yet  been  seen  in  the  herd.    His  bulls 


i 


G22        A   HISTORY    OF    SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


geiieiully  lacked  substance,  although  S('i,ir]et 
Velvet  and  Magnus  Troil  constituted  excep- 
tions to  this  rule. 

Tlie  Baron  was  used  for  six  or  seven  years, 
and  his  heifers  grew  into  very  handsome  cows 
up  to  about  five  years  of  age,  but  aftoi"  that 
seemed  to  lose  "bloom"  and  a  number  of  them 
showed  signs  of  disease.  They  were,  for  the 
most  part,  indifferent  milkers,  and  few  of  them 
lived  to  be  more  than  seven  or  eight  years  old. 
Speaking  of  this  Jamieson  says:  "There  was 
evidently  a  want  of  constitution  about  The 
Baron,  but  it  must  have  boon  many  years  be- 
fore suspicion  arose  that  he  was  doing  mischief 
in  the  herd,  for  several  bulls  out  of  cows  sired 
by  The  Baron  were  kept  for  service.  None  of 
them,  however,  proved  a  success  and  gradually 
The  Baron  blood  was  well  cleared  out.  Oidy 
two  of  his  own  sons  seem  to  have  been  used 
as  stock  bulls;  namely,  Baronet  (1()14)  and 
Lancaster  Royal  (181G7).  Baronet  was  out  of 
an  extra  good  cow.  Buttercup,  and  was  used 
for  two  or  three  seasons.  He  had  more  sul)- 
stance  and  less  style  than  The  Baron,  was 
sound  and  robust  and  proved  to  be  a  useful 
sire.  Lancaster  Royal  was  kept  because  he 
was  from  a  Lancaster  cow  whose  daiu  came 
from  Wilkinson  of  Lenton.  He  was  little  used, 
but  sired  the  good  cow  Cicely,  whose  descend- 
ants formed  one  of  the  best  families  at  Sitty- 


VTTLE. 

ugli  S('i,ir]et 
iited  excep- 

■56 veil  years, 
id  some  cows 
t  Jiftei'  tliiit 
ibor  of  them 
ere,  for  the 
few  of  tlieni 
ht  yeaivs  old. 
"There  was 

about  The 
ly  years  be- 
ing mischief 
»f  cows  sired 
;e.  None  of 
id  gradually 
[  out.  Only 
3  been  used 

(l()14)  aud 
,  was  out  of 
id  was  used 
I  more  sub- 
Baron,  was 
be  a  useful 
because  he 
1  dam  came 
3  little  used, 
ise  desceud- 
ies  at  Sitty- 


AMOS   CRUICKHIIANK    OF    HITTYTON. 


(Iliy 


ton  in  the  latter  years  of  the  herd's  exist- 

eiice." 

Lord    Bathurst    (16173).-^This    bull    was 
iiio|.i)ed  at  Sittyton  July  5,  1854,  by  the  Wil- 
kiiiMHi    cow    Lancaster  10th,   that  had    been 
IxHight  at  the  Lenton  sale  the  previous  year  in 
(cilt  to  Monarch  (13347).     He  was  one  of  three 
yearh.g  bulls  exhibited  by  Messrs.  Cruickshank 
at  Aberdeen  in  1855  that  won  first,  second  and 
tlui-d  prizes,  the  latter  position  being  assignee* 
to  this  Lancaster  calf.     Although  the  Wilkin- 
son sort  was  held  in  high  esteem  at  Sittyton  a 
red  breeding  bull  was  wanted  just  at  this  time, 
and  as  Lord  Bathurst  was  roan  and  had  inher- 
ited white  legs  from  his  dain  he  was  sold  to 
Mr.  Stronach  of  Ardmeallie,  in  whose  hands  he 
proved  a  remarkable  getter.     He  met  with  an 
accident,  however,  and  had  to  be  killed  after 
one  season's  use.     Before  leaving  Sittyton  he 
lad  been  bred  to  several  heifers  and  two  of  his 
temales,  Violet  and  Vintage,  grew  into  good 
cows  and  were  excellent  breeders.     Violet  pro- 
Jueed  Grand  Monarque  (21867),  a  stock-getter 
«t  outstanding  merit,  and  also  Village  Kose 
lat  was  in  all  probability  about  the  best  cow 
lie  Cruickshanks  ever  bred.     Vintage  was  the 
Jam  o  Village  Belle.     It  has  always  been  con- 
«dered  that  Village   Rose  and  Village   Belle 
were  the  two  best  of  all  the  great  cows  sired 
In-  Champion  of  England. 

40 


I! 


I 


mm 


m 


J 


mi 

iiiii 


624        A   HISTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN    CATTLE. 

Master  Butterfly  2d  (14918).— This  was  a 
son  of  Col.  Towneley's  champion  bull  Master 
Butterfly  (13311),  that  was  sold  to  go  to  Aus- 
tralia for  1,200  guineas  after  having  headed  tlie 
Towneley  herd  at  the  National  Shows  of  Groat 
Britain  and  at  the  International  Exposition  at 
Paris  in  1856.  His  dam  was  the  show  cow 
Vestris  2d.  He  had  been  bought  by  Mr.  Mar- 
joribanks  at  twelve  months  old  for  300  guineas, 
and  at  his  sale  in  1856  was  purchased  for  Sitty- 
ton  at  400  guineas.  The  purchase  of  this  bull 
doubtless  reflected  Mr.  Anthony  Cruickshank's 
desire  to  profit  by  the  advertising  involved  in 
the  ownership  of  a  high-priced  son  of  the 
greatest  English  show  bull  of  his  time.  Amos, 
however,  never  liked  him  and  upon  the  bull's 
death  some  twelve  months  after  his  purchase 
remarked  that  the  beast  had  not  died  any  too 
soon.  It  is  stated  that  what  few  calves  he  sired 
at  Sittyton  were  "light-made,  light-fleshed,  too 
leggy  and  never  had  carcass  enough."  We  be- 
lieve the  only  one  of  the  Sittyton  pedigrees  in 
which  this  bull's  name  appears  in  recent  years 
is  one  branch  of  the  Victorias. 

John  Bull  (11618).— From  the  foregoing  it 
will  be  observed  that  the  Messrs.  Cruickshank 
were  inclined  to  test  all  of  the  leading  Idoods 
of  the  period;  and  as  they  had  been  well 
pleased  with  the  use  of  the  Wiley  bull  l^eport, 
already  mentioned,  they  now  went  to  Brandsby 


AMOS  ORUICKSHANK  OF   SITTYTON.  C25 

mnT^"^  '•''"'  P»'-«''^«i'^g  in  1858  John  Bull 
(11  (.18).  He  IS  said  to  have  been  an  animal  of 
great  length  and  rather  high  on  leg  *    It  is  in 

irrrnfn,'*?  "f!  '^  ''^■''encing  the  intent  o^ 
;  ^'"'Okshank  to  weed  out  mercilessly  everv- 
"ng  that  did  not  suit,  that  only  two  of  John 
Bull  s  calves  were  retained.  These  were  the 
cows  Cressida  and  Jubilee,  "both  compact 
eep,  well-proportioned  cows,  not  at  all  too 
long,  and  real  good  beasts  " 

Lord  Eaglan(13244)._This  noted  bull  came 

U.S  used  until  twelve  years  old.    He  was  bred 
y  Mark  Stewart  of  Southwick  and  Tir  d  by 
laynard  s  Crusade  (7938).    He  had  been  used 
y  Douglas  o    Athelstaneford,  as  well  as  by 
Lord  Kinnaird  and  Lord  Southesk.    He  was 
imrchased  from  the  latter  at  110  guineas.    It 
0   interest  to  state  that  Mr.  William  Miller, 
then  of  Canada  and  later  of  Storm  Lake   la 
came  near  buying  Lord  Raglan  in  1856tand 

..rite  uelghte,  Mr.  P„m  p  ot  SZ  s  ™,      ,  T    '"'  ""''''  •'°"'    '' 
temaually  emerged  ou.  or  « doc."  ■  fw ■"  i  J^f I  ' .       ^  °°°  ~°'"">»  ™ 

•uiSt»,,r,  „Mc«l  him  J.ThS  "  ou"^  L T'  '»  f""™"'  '»  »«  hl„, 
«  •™>1„  s,  b„.  aiihousl,  Simon  ^T^IT,  "  """  °"'  <"  °"  "'«'■  ' 
»«I  lu.-e  ™  d„„b.  tlfo  b  dluTlo  !  ''  ""i  "•■"■"»' 80 '!•  How- 
"■" ' »>v'»  Bmaln  at  .ha'  me "p^  ™ '""^  »»  »  "«•  Ot  all  .be 
»"« 10  mo  at  about  im    He"  aa  Zn  .^1  '"■""■  '  ""'"'  "'  "»» 

«  «a.  one  o,  .be  .u»...„,„',rh:r'lVre  S^^;*,""  '"'"°'"^  ™ 


•M 


Si      i   i 


h  t ,  lb 


:  ! 

i 

1 

W  i 

i        -' '  ■ 

Ml 

i ,  - 

G26         A    HISTORY   OF    SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 

never  ceased  to  regret  that  he  did  not  trans- 
fer the  bull  to  America. 

Lord  Raglan  grew  into  "a  large,  stylish, 
rather  highstanding  bull,  fertile  as  a  yearling! 
quite  useless  as  a  two-year-old  and  unusually 
prolific  ever  after.  In  outward  appearance 
he  took  after  his  sire,  Crusade,  whom  Douglas 
considered  the  best  bull  of  his  day  in  England." 
He  was  a  Highland  winner  in  the  hands  of  Lord 
Kinnaird  i  i  1857  and  on  being  taken  North  to 
Sittyton  in  1860  was  the  Challenge  Cup  winner 
at  the  Royal  Northern  and  first  at  the  Perth 
Highland  of  1861.  Probably  the  two  best  indi- 
vidual cows  among  his  get  at  Sittyton  were 
Butterfly  5th  and  The  Gem.  His  most  valuable 
daughter,  hov/ever,  proved  to  be  Golden  Days, 
possibly  the  best  milker  of  her  time  in  the 
herd.  She  left  a  valuable  progeny,  "  "luding 
the  prize  bull  Pride  of  the  Isles  (35t-<2),  and 
lived  to  be  one  of  the  oldest  cows  of  the  herd. 

The  Czar  (20947).  This  was  the  best  of  the 
Lord  Raglan  bulls  and  saw  considerable  service 
at  Sittyton.  He  was  a  red,  "compact  and  well 
set  on  his  legs,"  and  sire  1  Carmine,  a  thick- 
fleshed,  well-haired  cow,  with  extraordinary 
back  and  ribs,  that  produced  the  famous  Prin- 
cess Royal  already  described.  Mr.  Cruickshank 
is  quoted  as  saying  that  he  did  not  reap  as 
much  benefit  from  the  use  of  Lord  Raglan  as 
he  had  anticipated.    Notwithstanding  this  fact 


llft^fl- 


AMOS   CRUICKSHANK   OF   SITTYTON.  627 

.some  of  his  very  best  cattle,  including  Grand 
Duke  Of  Gloster  (26288),  Pride  of   the  Isles 
(Mm),  Bridesman  (80586)  and  the  handsome 
Mimulus  were  bred  from  Lord   Raglan   cows 
Lancaster  Comet  (11663).-Mr.  Criiickshank 
had  long  been  partial  to  the  stock  o^  Wilkinson 
of  Lenton.     We  have  already  noted  his  efforts 
at  nitroducing  the  blood  through  the  Lancas- 
tei's  and  Lavenders.    Robert  Bruce  relates  that 
ill  speaking  of  his  first  visit  to  Lenton  to  in- 
spect Mr.  Wilkinson's  herd  Mr.  Cruickshank 
said:    "After  seeing  the  cattle  I  was  so  excited 
that  when  I  tried  to  write  to  Anthony  at  night 
I  could  not  use  a  pen.    I  had  to  write  with  a 
pencil."    This  little  incident  proves  two  things. 
First,  the  fact  that  in  spite  of  his  habitual  self- 
control  Amos  Cruickshank  possessed  a  quiet  en- 
thuMasm  capable  of  being  thoroughly  aroused. 
It  indicates  also  that  there  was  something  in 
the  Wilkinson  stock  not  found  in  other  con- 
temporary herds.     In  fact  the  Lenton  blood 
alone  seems  to  have  been  the  subject  of  Mr.   • 
Cmickshank's  steadfast  devotion. 

In  the  autumn  of  1858  it  was  thought  desira- 
ble to  purchase  a  stock  bull  for  use  at  Sittyton. 
A  good  young  red  one  was  desired  at  that  time. 
Mr.  Cruickshank  wrote  to  Wilkinson,  inquiring 
if  he  could  furnish  such  a  bull.  He  replied  that 
lie  could  not,  but  recommended  old  Lancaster 
Comet  (11663),  then  in  his  eighth  year,  which 


I     i 


1 

628        A   HISTORY    OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 

he  offered  to  sell  at  a  nominal  price.  After 
first  examining  the  herds  of  Mark  Stewart,  S. 
E.  Bolden,  Richard  Booth,  Col.  Towneley  and 
Messrs.  Dudding  without  success  Mr.  Cruick- 
shank  wrote  to  Wilkinson  that  he  might  ship 
Lancaster  Comet.  He  was  forwarded  to  Sitty- 
ton  in  November,  1858.  Mr.  Cruickshank  went 
to  the  station  to  meet  the  bull,  and  his  first 
glimpse  of  "his  great  head  and  horns  lowering 
upon  him  over  the  side  of  the  truck"  caused 
him  to  turn  away  in  disappointment.  Lancas- 
ter Comet  had  a  large  head,  with  horns  of  great 
length.  They  were  well  enough  set  onto  the 
head  and  curved  toward  the  front.  They  were 
not  very  thick,  nor  were  they  pointed  at  the 
tips,  being  more  uniform  in  thickness  from 
base  to  point  than  is  ordinarily  observed.  One 
sarcastic  neighbor,  of  the  type  often  present 
upon  such  occasions,  remarked:  " If  he  wanted 
a  Highland  bull  he  might  have  got  one  nearer 
home."  Notwithstanding  the  horns,  however, 
Lancaster  Comet  was  a  good  bull.  He  stood 
near  to  the  ground,  had  a  beautiful  coat  of 
hair,  a  round  barrel,  straight  top  and  bottom 
lines,  level  quarters,  nicely -filled  thighs,  car- 
ried plenty  of  flesh  and  was  active  on  his  feet. 
In  size  he  was  about  medium.  He  had  been  a 
great  favorite  with  Mr.  Wilkinson  and  was 
somewhat  inbred,  both  his  sire — The  Queen's 
Roan  (7389) — and  dam  having  been  got  by  the 


i 


AMOS   CRUICKSHANK   OF   SITTYTON.  629 

same  bull,  the  roan  Will  Honeycomb  (5660) 
illustrated  in  Vol.  IV,  Coates'  Herd  Book;   a 
bull  that  was  bred  by  Mr.  J.  Beetham  of  West 
Harlsey,  near  Northallerton,  and  used  by  Mr. 
Wilkinson  for  some  years. 

Lancaster  Comet  was  scarcely  as  massive  as 
Mr.  Cruickshank  would  have  liked  and  was  rel- 
egated to  the  Clyne  farm,  it  is  said,  "to  hide 
his    horns."     The    following    spring    he    was 
turned  into  a  pasture  along  with  a  lot  of  cows 
that  had  not  settled  to  the  bulls  by  which  they 
had  been  served.    He  ran  out  quite  late  in  the 
lield  that  fall  and  contracted  rheumatism  so 
severely  that  it  became  necessary  to  send  him 
to  the  shambles.    Not  more  than  a  dozen  calves 
are  known  to  have  been  sired  by  him  at  8itty- 
ton,  perhaps  a  half  a  dozen  of  each  sex.    None 
of  the  females  were  retained.    One  of  them 
called  Camelia  made  a  fine  yearling  and  two- 
year-old,  but  was  disappointing  at  full  matur- 
ity.   One  of  the  bulls,  recorded  as  Moonshade 
(1S419),  was  bought  by  Bruce  of  Inverquhom- 
eiy.    Another  that  attracted  no  special  notice 
for  a  time  was  retained  by  Mr.  Cruickshank 
under   the   name   of    Champion   of    England 
(17526).    Lancaster  Comet   had    cost    but   30 
guineas,  but  so  far-reaching  was  his  influence 
upon  the  herd,  as  exerted  through  the  bull  just 
mentioned,  that  the  history  of  the  Cruickshank 
cattle  naturally  divides  itself  into  two  epochs, 


I'  . 


G30        A   H18T0UY   OF    SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 

one  dealing  with  the  period  bafore  his  intro- 
duction and  the  other  a  record  of  what  followed 
after  that  date. 

Champion  of  England  (17526).— From  the 
foundation  of  the  herd  in  1837  down  to  1860  it 
had  been  with  Amos  Cruickshank  one  long,  con- 
tinuous and  but  partially  successful  search  for 
the  type  of  cattle  he  so  earnestly  desired.  Dur- 
ing that  time  great  numbers  of  cows,  heifers 
and  bulls  had  been  l)ought  from  the  best  Scotch 
and  English  herds,  but  in  spite  of  a  long  list  of 
show-yard  victories,  and  notwithstanding  the 
production  of  at  least  an  average  percentage 
of  good  cattle,  Amos  Cruickshank's  ideal  had 
scarcely  bee^i  realized.  As  yet  there  was  a 
lack  of  uniformity  in  essential  characteristics. 
Lancaster  Comet,  however,  supplied,  through 
Champion  of  England  out  of  the  cow  Virtue  by 
Plantagenet  (11906),  the  means  of  correcting 
this  fault.  He  was  a  roan,  dropped  Nov.  29, 
1859,  and  although  not  a  phenomenal  calf  at 
the  start  was  deemed  good  enough  to  be  sent 
to  the  Royal  English  Show  at  Leeds  in  1861. 
Being  a  November  calf  he  had  to  compete  upon 
that  occasion  against  two-year-olds,  and  as  he 
was  only  a  yearling  he  failed  to  secure  a  place. 
He  was  also  shown  at  Aberdeen,  but  was  only 
able  to  secure  a  third  prize.  On  account  of  this 
non-success  he  came  near  being  disposed  of, 
but  there  was  something  about    the    young 


lis  intro- 
fol  lowed 

^rom  the 
to  1860  it 
ong,  con- 
earch  for 
ed.  Dur- 
^s,  heifers 
!st  Scotch 
iig  list  of 
iding  the 
3rcentage 
ideal  had 
•e  was  a 
eteristics. 
.  through 
Virtue  by 
orrecting 
Nov.  29, 
il  calf  at 
3  be  sent 
!  in  1861. 
pete  upon 
md  as  he 
e  a  place. 
w^as  only 
nt  of  this 
posed  of, 
le    young 


AMOS   CRUICKSHANK    OP   SITTYTQN. 

|Hili;s    hair    quality   and  thrift   that  led   Mr 
truickshank  to  decide  upon  his  retention  for  a 
tnne  at  least     The  bull  was  particularly  st  ong 
on  his  fore  nbs,  developed  remarkable  feeding 
quality  and  soon  began  to  assume  more  mas 
s.ve  proportions  than  had  been  displayecrby 
Ins  sire.    He  was  not  so  level  in  hi    quarter! 
as  Lancaster  Comet,  drooping  a- bit  f^om  tlL 
"ps  to  the  tail,  a  fault  which  he  probably  i^ 
lerited  from  his  dam.*    His  calves  soon  ev  - 
denced  rare  promise.    They  were  robust,  thick- 
Heshed,  near  to  the  ground  and  possessed  a  pro- 
pensity  tor  putting  on  flesh  such  as  had  hot 
l)een  shown  by  the  get  of  any  of  bis  predeces- 
sors m  service.     Mr.  Cruickshank  resolved  to 
use  him  freely  and  not  risk  impairment  of  h  s 
use  fulness  by  putting  him   in  high  condition 
01  the  shows.    Meantime  the  settled  policy  of 
testmg  the  best  bulls  obtainable  from  contem 
porary  stocks  was  not  abandoned 

of^l^v^  f  T'*""'  (19157).-The  selection 
ot  this  loan  bull  represented  another  effort  on 

^iwt  of  Messrs.  Cruickshank  to  utilize  Booth 
'>lood.     Like  the  previous  experiments,  how- 

ver  in  the  same  direction  it  did  not  altogether 
fnlhl  expectations.     Windsor    Augustus    was 

shank  I  n.Bked  him  wLTlfke  a  bo  Jf  I?^^  the  byres  with  Amos  Crulck- 
vory  like  that  one.^polnt L.  to  ^  ^^-^^1^"-  '  ^""''  "^''^  "^'-  '  «b«  ^«« 
was  a  ^ood-slzed  red  a^mal  ^Ith  ptSh  ^hf  f '  '"*"  ''  ^^^^  ''^''-  '^^'« 
Bn^lana  was  never  kept  on  tlunt  onl^  1^0?^?:^.. ''^'"^'°'^  °' 


|!    U 


MHini 


G32 


A    HISTORY    OF    SIIOUT-HOHN    ('ATTLE. 


bred  by  Mr.  Carr  and  sired  by  Richard  IJoofh's 
Windsor  (14018).  He  had  been  a  winner  at  the 
leading  English  sliows,  and  was  one  of  tlio 
highest-priced  bulls  ever  bought  for  service 
in  the  herd.  He  was  used  during  the  seasons 
of  18()3  and  1864,  but  Amos  Cruickshank  never 
liked  him  and  did  not  retain  many  of  his  pro*,'- 
eny.  He  left  a  few  good  things,  nevertheless, 
including  the  fine  cow  Lovely  9th,  that  pro- 
duced to  Champion  of  England  the  stock  bull 
Lord  Lancaster  (20666). 

Forth  (17866).— This  famous  bull  was  taken 
to  Sittyton  in  1864  at  four  years  of  age  with  the 
reputation  of  being  "the  grandest  Short-horn  of 
his  time."  He  was  a  light  roan,  possessing  great 
scale  and  substance,  bred  by  Sir  William  Ster- 
ling Maxwell  of  Keir.  He  had  been  a  cham- 
pion show  bull  at  leading  exhibitions  both  in 
England  and  Scotland,  and  while  some  doubt 
was  felt  as  to  his  proving  a  breeder  high  hopes 
were  entertained  as  to  what  he  would  accom- 
plish when  mated  with  the  "crack"  cows  of  the 
Sittyton  herd.  There  can  be  no  doubt  that  he 
v/as  individually  the  best  bull  ever  bought  for 
Sittyton.  His  portrait  will  be  found  in  Vol. 
XVI  of  Coates'  Herd  Book.  He  was  described 
as  "a  remarkably  fine  animal  on  a  large  scale, 
having  length,  breadth  and  depth  to  satisfy  the 
most  fastidious  and  was  extremely  good  tem- 
pered.    He  had  a  good  head,  a  full,  placid  eye, 


AMOS   ORUICKSHANK   OF   SITTYTON.  633 

a  rich  coat  of  hair,  great  girth  of  body,  with 
nl)s  arching  well  out  from  his  hack.     His  horns 
^^vre  somewhat  coarse."    Forth   remained  in 
service  until  1870  and  notwithstanding  his  liijrh 
rendition  left  a  large  number  of  calves      While 
lilling  the  eye  much  more  perfectly  than  Cham- 
pion of  England  he  did  not  approach  the  latter 
as  a  sire     Still  he  left  some  good  stock,  among 
others  the  cow  Violet's   Forth,  that  was   im- 
ported to  America  and  shown  with  success  in 
he  Western  States,  as  has  l)een  already  noted 
It  was  the  exhibition  of  this  cow  that  first 
drew  prominent  attention  to  Mr.  Cruickshank's 
breeding  in  the  United  States.    Viceroy  (32764) 
by  Champion  of  England  out  of  Violet's  Forth' 
was  used  a  short  time  in  the  herd.     Another  of 
lie  l^orth  cows.  Anemone,  although  not  much 
to  look  at  was  a  capital  breeder.    Two  sons  of 
h)rth  bred  at  Sittyton,  Royal  Forth  (25022)  and 
Ju  Ills  Caesar  (26486),  had  a  trial  in  service  but 
di'i  not  give  satisfaction  and  were  sold.    One 
ot  the  best  of  his  get,  Lord  Fort)^  (26649)  was 
used  by  Mr.  Longmore  of  Rettie 

Allan  (21172),  a  red  bull  bred  at  Keir  and 
sired  by  Forth  prior  to  his  purchase  for  Sitty- 
ton out  of  a  cow  of  Knightley  blood,  was 
bought  and  used  in  the  herd  for  three  years 
with  a  good  degree  of  success. 

Lord  Privy  Seal  (16444).-In  1865  Anthony 
Oriuckshank  bought  at  a  sale  by  Lord  Kinnaird 


m 


i 


Isn^B^ffifw; 


684         A    niSTOHY   OF   RHORT-nORN   CATTLE. 

the  rucUi  bull  Lord  l^'ivy  Seal,  He  was  l>red 
by  the  late  Prin(!e  Consort  at  Windsor  and 
was  sired  by  the  Booth  bull  Prince  AlhvA 
(18494)  out  of  Cowslip  by  the  famous  show  bull 
Belleville  (()778).  He  was  then  in  his  seventh 
year,  having-  been  taken  North  as  a  yearliii«,' 
and  bought  by  Lord  Kinnaird  in  ISGO.  All 
hands  at  Sittyton  were  disappointed  in  the  bull 
upon  his  arrival.  He  lacked  size  as  well  as 
flesh,  and  was  not  extensively  used.  Like  most 
of  his  predecessors,  however,  he  left  a  few  good 
calves,  such  as  the  bull  Multum  in  Parvo 
(26934),  and  the  cow  Victoria  41st,  one  of  tho 
best  of  her  family  and  a  fine  breeder — the  daiu 
of  the  bull  Ventriloquist  (44180). 

Prince  Alfred  (27107).— In  1871  Mr.  Pawlett 
offered  to  sell  to  Mr.  Cruickshank  Baron  Killer- 
by  (23364).  Amos  went  to  see  him,  but  was 
more  favoral)ly  impressed  with  one  of  his  sons, 
Prince  Alfred  (27107),  and  wished  to  take  him 
instead  of  the  sire.  Being  unable  to  buy  tho 
young  bull  without  taking  them  both,  he  closed 
a  trade  for  the  pair  and  shipped  them  to  Sitty- 
ton. Baron  Killerby  was  then  six  years  old  and 
possessed  a  bad  temper.  He  was  too  heavy  in 
the  bone  to  suit  Mr.  Cruickshank,  and  was  but 
little  used.  Prince  Alfred  was  a  young  bull  of 
much  promise,  but,  as  luck  would  have  it,  foot- 
and-mouth  disease  appeared  in  the  herd  not 
long  after  his  purchase  and  he  succumbed  to 


rTLE. 

e  wiiH  I) red 
inilsor  atul 
lice  Alfred 
i  show  bull 
lis  seventh 
a  yeiirliii<r 

18G0.  All 
in  the  bull 
as  well  as 

Like  most 
a  few  good 

ill  Parvo 
one  of  tho 
:' — the  dam 

^r.  Pawlett 
ron  Killer- 
1,  but  was 
of  his  sons, 
)  take  him 
to  buy  th(3 
li,  he  closed 
m  to  Sitty- 
ars  old  and 
)0  heavy  in 
id  was  but 
mg  bull  of 
Lve  it,  foot- 
)  herd  not 
cum  bed  to 


AM08   ORtTICKSIIANK   OF   SITTYTON.  G35 

th^^nnil^ily.  Ho  was  tho  only  animal  in  the 
.H-d  that  was  lost.  This  is  rather  a  surp,  s  n^ 
i-.t  m  view  of  tho  the  statement  that  VS 
Alfred  IS  said  to  have  been  of  robust  appear! 
jUK.e  aiid  was  thought  to  have  capital  coS- 
t">".  While  no  opportunity  was  }...}  to  breed 
any  great  number  of  cows  to  hin.  :  heifers 
l-Uie  lettin  the  herd  indicate  that  h^  un 
"Holy  death  was  a  severe  loss.    One  of  his 

f of"th.^"T*'   ^""^^'   ''''  -«^«tr^-  o 
0  ne  of  the  best  cows  in  the  herd  during  its 

f  U  'trf  .  ^r^^'''  ^^^^'  ««W  as  a  yeaflin 
to  Mr.  Mitchell,  "developed  most  wonderfn   v 

.cUKiest  cows  that  was  ever  seen,  with  im- 
use  loins  and  back  and  good  shoulde        l^. 
eel,  as  a  show-yard  animal,  few  cows  ever 
W  at  Sittytoji  would  have  been  a  match    o 

11       f^'  ^^'^  ^"P  ^<^  Aberdeen  in  1879  as 

est  breeding  animal  in  the  Short-horn  class 

besides  many  other  honors  ' 

1S(T^'',  Z\'n^^  ^^Ws.-Between  the  years 
Ub  and  1877,  in  addition  to  Baron  Kiu!T 
-^^nnee  Alfred,  there  was  bon^S  tried 
"1  the  herd  the  bulls  Rob  Rov  (29U(^  o  t 
obert  (30812),  Scotch  iLe  Sk^^^^^^ 
^tTT  ^''^'^^^'  KnigW  of  the  w  3tb 
m^),  Ravenshope  (22681),  and  General  W^^d 


i.         '  'ir 
r       ;  If' 

'i.        !  : 


ir7 


ill 


636 


A  HISTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


sor  (28701).  None  of  these,  however,  gave  as 
good  satisfaction  as  the  home-bred  bulls  used 
during  the  same  period. 

Concentration  of  the  Champion  of  England 

blood. — Writers  of  romance  after  following  the 

fortunes  of  their  heroes  and  heroines  through 

various  trials  and  tribulations  to  a  point  where 

all  is  joy  and  rapture  usually  dismiss  them  with 

the  remark  that  ''they  lived  happily  ever  after." 

It  may  almost  be  said  of  Amos  Cruickshank 

that  when  he  produced  Champion  of  England, 

after  twenty-five  years  of  conscientious  work, 

he  was  at  the  beginning  of  the  end  of  his 

troubles  as  a  Short-horn  breeder.    One  after 

another  of  the  sons  and  daughters  of  this,  the 

greatest  stock  bull  Scotland  has  ever  known, 

grew  up  into  cattle  of  the  real  rent-paying  sort. 

Pages  might  be  filled  with  the  names,  pedigrees 

and   performances  of  his  descendants  in  the 

show-yards  and  breeding-pens  of  Britain  and 

America,  but  space  will  not  here  permit.    Such 

cows  as  Village  Belle,  Village  Rose,  Princess 

Royal,  Morning  Star,  British  Queen,  Carmine 

Rose,  Silvery,  Mimulus,  Surmise,  Circassia,  Vio- 

lante,  Finella  and  Victorine  would  alone  suffice 

to  make  the  reputation  of  the  most  ambitious 

breeder.    Not  only  were  these  and  other  of  the 

best  of  the  Champion's  heifers   retained  for 

breeding  purposes  but  his  bulls  were  given  a 

trial  along  with  sires  obtained  from  other  herds. 


AMOS   CRUICKSHANK   OF    SITTYTON. 


637 


It  must  be  borne  in  mind  that  in  resorting 
to  bulls  of  his  own  breeding  Mr.  Cruickshank 
was  contravening  what  had  been  the  almost 
universal  practice  in  Scotland.    It  is  generally 
believed  by  those  most  familiar  with  his  work 
that  if  he  had  begun  placing  his  own  bulls  in 
service  many  years  earlier  he  would  have  more 
quickly  realized  his  ambitions.     It  seems  clear 
that  the  grand  roan  bull  Lord  Sackville  (13249) 
mentioned  on  page  619,  might  have  filled  the 
place  held  later  by  Champion  of  England  had 
he  been  given  like  opportunity;  for  he  possessed 
such  grand  constitution,  substance  and  quality, 
and  with  his  limited  opportunity  wrought  such 
an  improvement  on  the  Secrets  and  a  few  other 
Sittyton  sorts  that  he  would  doubtless  have 
made  a  great  reputation   had  he  been  more 
freely  used.     Longmore  of  Rettie  is  generally 
ciedited  with  having  been  the  first  of  the  North 
of  Scotland  breeders  to  place  home-bred  bulls 
in  service.    He  was  a  man  of  rare  intelligence, 
and  although  his  herd  was  small  as  compared 
with  that  at  Sittyton  he  met  with  marked  suc- 
cess by  his  departure  from  the  then  prevailing 
usage,  his  stock  possessing  unusual  size,  flesh 
and  real  show-yard  character.     Experience  had 
now  taught  Mr.  Cruickshank  the  uncertainties 
attending  the  use  of  even  the  best  individual 
bulls  acquired  from  various  sources  and  rep- 
resenting many  diverse  elements.     With  his 


i 

w 

!   ll 

1 

i 

'      '■■' 

1 

;:          1  ,, 

«•! 

M 

1 

638 


A    HISTORY   OF    SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


usual  caution  he  felt  his  way  slowly  at  first 
with  the  Champion  of  England  bulls,  but  when 
once  convinced  that  he  was  on  the  right  track 
he  pursued  his  plan  to  the  end. 

Among  the  bulls  chosen  for  the  purpose  of 
concentrating  this  blood  may  be  mentioned 
the  roan  Caractacus  (19397),  a  winner  of  chal- 
lenge cups  at  Aberdeen  and  Perth,  that  was 
calved  in  1862  by  Nonpareil  20th,  a  dau^di- 
ter  of  The  Baron;  the  roan  Grand  Monai-que 
(21867),  calved  in  1863  by  Violet  by  Lord  Bath- 
urst;  the  roan  Royal  Oak  (22792),  dropped  in 
1864  by  Oakleaf  by  The  Baron;  the  red  Prince 
Imperial  (22595),  calved  in  1864  by  Candia  by 
The  Baron;  the  red  Lord  Byron  (24363),  dropped 
in  1865  by  Butterfly  by  Matadore;  the  red  Cipsar 
Augustus  (25704),  calved  in  1867  by  Emily, 
daughter  of  Lord  Sackville;  the  roan  Grand 
Duke  of  Gloster  (26288),  dropped  in  1868  by  9tli 
Duchess  of  Gloster,  daughter  of  Lord  Kaglan; 
the  roan  Lord  Lancaster  (26666),  of  the  crop  of 
1868,  dropped  by  Lovely  91-h  by  Windsor  Au- 
gustus; the  roan  Master  of  Arts  (26867),  dropped 
same  year  l)y  The  Gem  by  Lord  Raglan;  and 
the  roan  Viceroy  (32764),  calved  in  1871  by 
Violet's  Forth,  afterward  a  noted  show  cow  iu 
America. 

It  does  not  appear  that  the  bulls  from  cows 
by  The  Baron  made  any  special  impression  on 
the  herd.    Those  representing   the   cross  of 


'TLE. 

^ly  at  first 
;,  but  wlieu 
right  track 

purpose  of 
mentioned 
er  of  clial- 
1,  that  was 
,  a  claugh- 
Moiiai-que 
Lord  Bath- 
dropped  ill 
red  Prince 
Caiidia  by 
)3),  dropped 
e  red  Ctesar 
by  Emily, 
roan  Grand 
1868  by  9th 
ird  liaghiu; 
the  crop  of 
'indsor  Au- 
]1),  dropped 
Raglan;  and 
in  1871  hy 
how  cow  in 

from  cows 
pression  on 
e   cross  of 


AMOS   CRUICKSHANK   OP   SITTYTON. 


639 


Champion  of  England  upon  cows  carrying  the 
blood  of  Lord  Raglan,  Lord  Sackville  and  Lord 
Bathurst,  including  Grand  Monarque,  Caesar 
Augustus  and  Grand  Duke  of  Gloster,  were 
potent  factors  in  bringing  the  herd  to  its  best 
estate. 

Scotland's  Pride  and  Pride  of  the  Isles.— 
Scotland's  Pride,  calved  in  1866,  was  sired  by 
Grand  Monarque  out  of  Lovely  8th,  a  cow  that 
belonged    to  a  tribe  much  esteemed  in  the 
North.     His  sire,  like  many  other  of  the  sons 
of  Champion  of  England,  did  not  have  a  head 
entirely  to  Mr.  Cruickshank's  liking.    This  was 
a  characteristic  doubtless  inherited  from  old 
Lancaster  Comet,  and  on  account  of  the  clamor 
about  his  head  and  horns  Grand  Monarque  was 
sacrificed  before  his  real  value  as  a  stock-get- 
ter, as  illustrated  in  Scotland's  Pride,  was  fully 
realized.     The  latter  was  a  stylish,  deep-fleshed 
roan,  winning  first  prize  as  a  yearling  at  the 
Highland  in  1867  and  a  $250  Challenge   Cup 
same  year.      He  proved  one  of  the  best  sires 
ever  ])red  at  Sittyton;   one  of  his  sons,  the 
roan    prize    bull    Pride    of  the   Isles    (35072) 
from  Golden  Days  by  Lord  Raglan,  calved  in 
1872,  acquiring  great  celebrity.    Speaking  of 
this  valuable  bull   Mr.*  Edward   Cruickshank 
says:    "I  do  not  think  that  Pride  of  the  Lsles 
ever  had  his  merit  fairly  recognized.    He  was 
a  grand  animal  himself,  and  his  young  stock 


I 


m.    1 


m    ' 

\-- 

'  ii"^ 

1 

1 

I       .                r  . 

i   ■ 

/;: 

i; 
L 

!    [ 

'I                                                  ( 

i 

640 


A    HISTORY   OF    SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


looked  well;  but  as  cows  they  were  such  good 
milkers  that  they  were  never  much  to  look  at, 
although  good  breeders."  An  own  brother  to 
Pride  of  the  Isles,  known  as  Lord  of  the  Isles, 
was  also  used  in  the  herd.  They  were  of  the 
Brawith  Bud  or  Pure  Gold  tribe. 

Caesar  Augustus. — This  good  red  bull,  calved 
in  1867,  joined  the  blood  of  the  two  grand  bulls 
Champion  of  England  and  Lord  Sackville,  and 
became  one  of  the  most  valuable  sires  and  show 
bulls  used  in  the  herd.  He  was  exhibited  with 
great  succoss,  and  some  of  his  daughters  proved 
among  the  most  valuable  breeding  cows  owned 
at  Sittyton,  among  them  being  Azalea,  the  dam 
of  Field  Marshal. 

Royal  Duke  of  Gloster. — This  remarkably 
successful  stock  bull,  a  red,  calved  in  1870,  was 
got  by  Grand  Duke  of  Gloster  out  of  Mimulus, 
a  good  cow  descending  in  the  maternal  line 
from  the  stock  of  Rennie  of  Phantassie.  He 
represented  the  strongest  concentration  of 
blood  Mr.  Cruickshank  had  up  to  that  date 
used ;  both  his  sire  and  dam  having  been  got 
by  Champion  of  England  out  of  Lord  Raglan 
cows.  As  the  sire  of  Roan  Gauntlet  and  of  the 
dam  of  Cumberland  Royal  Duke  of  Gloster  ac- 
quired high  rank  in  the  great  galaxy  of  Sitty- 
ton bulls.  His  sire.  Grand  Duke  of  Gloster,  was 
considered  the  best  of  all  of  the  sons  of  Cham- 
pion of  England;   inheriting  in  a  remarkable 


TLE. 

such  good 
to  look  at, 
brother  to 
I  the  Isles, 
ere  of  the 

)ull,  calved 
?rand  bulls 
kville,  and 
sand  show 
ibited  with 
iers  proved 
ows  owned 
la,  the  dam 

emarkably 
1  1870,  was 
:  Mimulus, 
;ernal  line 
;assie.  He 
t ration  of 
that  date 
^  been  got 
>rd  Raglan 
and  of  the 
Gloster  ac- 
y  of  Sitty- 
loster,  was 
s  of  Cham- 
■emarkable 


AMOS   CRUICKSHANK   OF   SITTYTON. 


641 


degree  his  robust  constitution,  thrift  and  thick- 
ness of  flesh.  Unfortunately  the  Grand  Duke 
met  with  an  accident  which  resulted  in  his 
death  as  a  two-year-old. 

Roan  Gauntlet.— The  mating  of  the  inbred 
Royal  Duke  of  Gloster  with  the  Champion  of 
England  cow  Princess  Royal  resulted  in  the 
production  in  1873  of  the  most  famous  of  all 
the  latter-day  Sittyton  stock  bulls,  Roan  Gaunt- 
let (35284).  A  glance  at  the  subjoined  tabula- 
tion will  be  of  interest: 


I 

0 


Royal  Duke  of  Gloster 

^29864).  ^ 


Grand  Duke  of  Glos- 
ter (26288). 


0  ^  Princess  Royal. 


Champion  of  England 

9th  Duchess  of  Glos- 
ter, by  Lord  Raglan 
(13244). 

f  Champion  of  England 

I  (17526). 

I  Mistletoe,  by  Lord 
I.    Raglan  (13244). 

r  rr,        •        ^  „     .        f  Lancaster  Comet 
Champion  of  England]  (11663). 

(175^6).  1  Virtue,  by  Plantaga- 

l    net  (11906). 


.Mimulus. 


.  Carmine. 


( The  Czar  (20947). 

•<  Cressida, 

{   by  John  Bull  (11618). 


This  was  certainly  subjecting  the  Champion 
of  England  blood  to  a  searching  test,  and  as 
Roan  Gauntlet  proved  one  of  the  greatest  sires 
of  his  day  Mr.  Cruickshank's  judgment  found  in 
his  case  ample  vindication.  Some  of  the  objec- 
tionable features  of  old  Lancaster  Comet's  head 
were  visible  in  Roan  Gauntlet,  but  the  out- 
standing excellence  of  his  progeny  furnished 
fresh  proof  of  the  fact  that  it  is  a  mistake  to 
discard  an  otherwise  remarkable  bull   for  a 

41 


il:    ..Ji 

fiHiliPff 

pi' 

1 

;                '        ' 

. 

:  ■" 

1 

'-ill 

1  ,    '  ■;!  ! 

'  ' .  H'l        ii' 

1 
t 

1 

G42         A    IIISTOliY    OF  SHOUT-HORN   CATTLE. 

minor  defect  of  that  nature.  Among  other  ex- 
traordinary animals  begotten  by  Koan  Gaunt- 
let may  be  named  the  renowned  Field  Marshal 
(47870)-the  sire  of  Mario  (51713)— and  the 
good  stock  bull  Baron  Violet  (47444),  used  at 
Sittyton. 

Barmpton. — Whatever  may  be  the  relative 
rank  assigned  to  the  latter-day  Cruickshank 
bulls  in  their  own  country  American  breeders 
will  always  set  a  high  value  upon  the  red 
Barmpton  (37763).  He  was  another  son  of 
Royal  Duke  of  Gloster  that  was  dropped  in  1875 
by  the  good  cow  Barmpton's  Flower  (of  the 
Towneley  Butterfly  line),  a  daughter  of  Allan 
(21172),  son  of  the  great  Forth.  If  Barmpton 
had  done  nothing  more  than  sive  Baron  Victor 
(45944),  so  celebrated  in  the  Linwood  Herd  of 
Col.  W.  A.  Harris  of  Kansas,  he  would  still  be 
entitled  to  the  recognition  here  accorded. 

Cumberland.  One  of  the  bulls  most  exten- 
sively used  after  Roan  Gauntlet  was  Cumber- 
land (46144),  a  massive  roan  that  was  calved  in 
1880  and  maintained  steadily  in  service  for  a 
period  of  eight  years.  He  was  described  as 
"short  in  the  leg,  deep  and  long  in  the  body, 
with  an  excellent  head,  full,  wide  chest,  well- 
laid  shoulders,  strong  loins,  well-sprung  ribs, 
with  such  a  cover  of  lean  flesh  as  is  rarely  met 
with."  As  will  be  oliserved  from  the  following 
tabulation    Cumberland's  dam,  the  fine  cow 


AMOS   CRUICKSHANK   OF   RITTYTON.  643 

Custai-d  of  the  Clipper  tribe,  was  own  sister  in 
blood  to  Roan  Gauntlet,  so  that  his  selection 
for  service  resulted  in  still  further  intensifying 
Ml-.  Cruickshank's  favorite  blood: 

Scotland's  Pride  (25100)     I  Granil  Monarque  (21867). 

•^  by  ClKdiiiuu!'  of  KiKjlaiKl. 


a 

'A 

J? 

n-r 

u 

o 


.  Pride  of  the 
I  Isles  (35072). 


Custard. 


i.  Golden  Days. 


r  Royal  Duke  of  Gloster 
(29864). 


[.  Princess  Royal. 


(  Lovely  8th. 

j  Lord  Rawlan  (13244). 
I  Pure  Gold. 

r  Grand  Duke  of  Gloster 

,  by  aiiaiiipioih  of  KiujlaaiL 

I  Mimulus, 

I.  by  Vliuinidon  of  EiKjlanil. 

f  Champion  of  Ennland 

]  (I75ii(i). 

I  Carmine, 

I  by  The  Czar  (20947). 

There  is  not  in  Short-horn  history  a  record 
of  greater  success  attained  in  the  production  of 
valuable  cattle  for  practical  farm  and  feed-lot 
purposes  than  that  which  attended  the  breed- 
ing operations  at  Sittyton  after  the  practice  of 
using  only  home-bred  bulls  was  adopted.     The 
herd  Ijegan  at  once  to  take   on   a   uniform- 
ity in  essential  points  which  it  had  not  h'th- 
erto  possessed,  and  the  further  the  concentra- 
tion of  blood  was   carried— up  to  a  certain 
point— the  better  the  results.    The  fruit  of  Mr. 
Cruickshank's  appeal  to  the  practice  of  inl)reed- 
lug  was  the  establishment  of  a  well-fixed  type 
of  short-legged,  broad-ribbed,  thick-fleshed  cat- 
tle feeding  to  satisfactory  weights  at  an  early 
aup;  and  the  same  concentration  of  blood  tliat 
served  to  fix  these  desirable  characteristics  in- 


644        A    HISTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN    '^A.TTLE. 


'0 


I    .1  ■ 


it  I 


■t   i 


sured  the  prepotency  of  the  stock  for  reproduc- 
tive purposes.  The  herd  became  the  fountain 
head  of  Short-horn  breeding  in  the  North.  The 
Sittyton  bulls  became  the  standard  sires  of 
Scotland.  The  value  of  the  service  the  Messrs. 
Cruickshank  had  rendered  was  now  universally 
conceded  in  their  native  land  and  leading 
American  breeders  gladly  availed  themselves 
of  the  privilege  of  selecting  stock  bulls  from 
this  premier  Aberdeenshire  herd. 

The  closing  years  at  Sittyton  will  form  the 
subject  of  further  reference. 


LE. 


reproduc- 
t'ountaiii 

rth.  The 
sires  of 

le  Messrs. 
liversally 
leading 
lemselves 
nils  from 

form  the 


':ll-       i 


^1 

J  ■ 

)       ■  1 

i 

,  j 

1 

CHAPTER    XX. 


OTHER  NOltTII  COUNTRY  HERDS. 

to  exeitiin  influence  over  the  breed  on  hnth 

.s.est^At^ntica.fa.reachinras-tw* 
nenontent     (here  were  none  to  clisnutp  thn 
supremacy  of  Sittyton  in  the  North  'it  wa 
0  source  from  >vhence  nearly  all  the  breeder' 
0    Vberdeenslure  and  adjacent  counties  drew 

t  ^f  "''*''"''''  ^'^  ^^«"  ^«  their  in.s„irat  oT 
ff lule  Amos  Cruicksl.ank  must  there  re  be 
called  the  real  leader  of  the  line  of  Sho     horn 

rfirrof 'h  ^"'^''t'i  •'^•^•^■•"^  -wee  .shou  d 

To  review  the  operations  in  detail  of  all 
«se  who  contributed  largely  to  the  upbuild 
i"g  ot  the  Short-horn  interest  in  the  North 

.r  7r '",  ™°™  ^i'^^*^  *''-'  -» fa«-"e 

f  n    i     "''  '^^  "'^""'"^  undertake  to  list  in 

CO  isu  tecl  by  those  who  wish  to  delvo  deenlv 

to  the  subject.     We  should,  howeve    Tvea 

place  >n  th,.s  record  to  the  names  of  Gen'  sL- 

(646) 


!ir 


!'^l  i,  H 


m 


^^^^^^^mm^^^^ 

1 

■ 

f 

mm '' 
h 

^^^^^H~  r                .... 

i 

j 

^^m 

1 

OKI         A    fllSTORY    OK    SIIOKT-irORN    CATTI.E, 

soil  of  Fit't'sliiro,  DoLiglas  of  Aili'.'lstaiiefnrd, 
Barclay  of  Keavil,  the  Duke  of  Richmond,  tlio 
luirl  of  Montrose,  Lord  Loviit  of  Beaufort,  Sir 
William  Sterliufi^  Maxwell  of  Ivier,  Loiigmore 
of  Uettie,  Mark  Stewart  of  Southwick,  the 
Bruces  of  Inveniuhomery  and  Burnside,  Synio 
of  Red  Kirk,  Mit(diell  of  Alloa,  Sylvester  Cam [)- 
bell  of  Kiiielliir,  William  S.  Marr  of  Uppermill, 
John  W.  and  Kdward  rrui('ksliank  of  Lethenty. 
and  Duthie  of  Oollynie.  While  we  need  not 
undertake  a  detailed  account  of  the  opera- 
tions of  these  and  other  leading  breeders  of 
that  time  it  seems  essential  to  a  correct  under- 
standing of  the  career  of  the  Scotch-bred  Short- 
horns in  America  that  some  facts  be  furnished 
relating  especially  to  the  herds  at  Athelstano- 
ford,  Kinellar,  Uppermill,  Lethenty  and  Ool- 
lynie. 

Douglas  of  Athelstaneford.  — A  herd  that 
was  in  every  way  worthy  of  the  district  that 
had  been  the  home  of  Eennie  of  Phantassie 
was  begun  about  1842  by  Mr.  Jjimes  Douglas, 
an  enterprising  tenant  farmer  at  Athelstane- 
ford (locally  called  ''Fllshinford'')  in  East  Lo- 
thian. Douglas  was  ambitious  from  the  first 
for  show-yard  honors,  and  as  a  competitor  at 
the  great  exhibitions  of  the  United  Kingdom, 
as  w^ell  as  at  the  Paris  Exposition  of  1856,  he 
met  with  a  brimming  measure  of  success.  The 
herd  was  begun  about  1842,  but  it  was  not  un- 


'LE, 

staiioford, 
inoiid,  tlio 
III  fort,  Sir 
Loiij^nnore 
wick,  the 
i<le,  Synio 
iterCiuiii»- 
Jpporniill, 
Letlieiity, 

need  not 
le  opera- 
I'eeders  of 
3ct  iindoi'- 
red  Short- 
furnished 
thelstano- 

and  Col- 

herd  that 
trict  that 
*hantassie 
-  Donglas, 
thelstane- 
East  Lo- 
the  first 
petitor  at 
Kin^nloni. 
f  1856,  he 
cess.  The 
IS  not  un- 


OTHEIi    NORTH    CorXTKY    IIKIiUS.  G47 

til  the  Newcastlo  Royal  of  ]84(;  tiiat  he  made 
iietable  purchases.  The  famous  show  bull 
|{<dleville  (0778)  was  then  at  the  height  of  his 
ivputation,  and  several  of  his  daughters  were 
purchased.  One  of  these,  the  roan  Queen  of 
Trumps,  bred  by  Mr.  Unthank,  was  one  of  the 
gnnitest  prize-winners  of  her  time.  She  was 
bought  for  shipment  to  America  at  a  high  price 
by  Mr.  Barrett  of  Kentucky,  but  was  lost  at 
sea. 

In    1852  a  sale  was  made  which   included 
practically  the  entire  original  herd.     Keserva- 
tion    was  made,   however,  of    the  celebrated 
Miuitalini  show  cow  Kose  of  Summer  by  Vel- 
vet Jacket  (10998),  Scottish  Blue  Belle  and  a 
few  others  of  special  excellence.    At  this  sale 
Kose  of  Summer's  dam,  Rose  of  Autumn    to- 
gether with  Brenda  (then  carrying  Lord  Rag- 
lan, by  Crusade)  were  bought  by  Mark  Stewart 
of  Southwick.     Subsequently  Lord  Raglan  was 
bought  back,  together  with  Rose  of  Sharon 
a  (laughter  of  Rose  of  Autumn,  and  the  four 
lino  heifers  Hawthorne  Blossom,  Heather  Belle 
Cherry  Queen  and   Imperial  Cherry,  a  quar- 
tette that  cost  600  guineas.    Prior  to  the  sale 
the  Athelstaneford  cattle  had  won  some  sixty 
prizes  at  leading  shows,  and  the  second  herd 
with  Rose  of  Summer  and  Scottish  Blue  Belle 
as  its  trump  cards,  inaugurated  another  cam- 
paign that  was  even  more  successful.    Scot- 


ifj    I 


i 


m  I 


.1  !| 


h 

i     i 

1 

648        A   HISTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 

tish  Blue  Belle  was  ultimately  sold  to  Mr.  R. 
G.  Corv/ine  of  Lebanon,  0.,  and  brought  to  the 
United  States.  Killerby  and  Warlaby  were 
then  drawn  upon  for  females.  The  sum  of  500 
guineas  was  offered  Richard  Booth  in  vain  for 
Charity,  and  a  550-guinea  bid  for  Nectarine 
Blossom  was  also  declined.  Mr.  Douglas  se- 
cured, nevertheless,  Birthright,  a  granddaugh- 
ter of  Bracelet,  Isabella  Hop  j well  and  Venus 
de  Medicis. 

Douglas  scored  a  great  success  with  the  roan 
bull  Captain  Balco  (12546)  of  Ambler's  breed- 
ing. He  stood  next  to  Towneley's  undefeated 
Master  Butterfly  at  the  Royal  Dublin,  and  after 
being  used  for  a  time  in  the  herd  was  sold 
along  with  Hawthorne  Blossom  and  a  lot  ag- 
gregating some  twenty  head  to  the  Shakers  of 
Ohio.  The  Booth-bred  bull  Hymen  (13058),  of 
Bol den's  breeding,  out  of  Bridecake,  was  next 
bought  and  fitted  as  a  member  of  the  herd  sent 
for  exhibition  at  Paris  in  1856,  at  which  show 
he  was  sold  to  M.  de  Trehonnais  for  200  guin- 
eas. Bates  blood  was  acquired  by  the  pur- 
chase of  the  cow  Playful,  by  4th  Duke  of  York. 
Some  of  Troutbeck's  Gwynnes  were  also  se- 
cured. A  son  of  Captain  Balco,  called  Sir 
James  the  Rose  (15290),  out  of  Rose  of  Summer, 
succeeded  his  sire  at  the  head  of  the  herd  and 
proved  a  capital  stock-getter.  Rose  of  Sum- 
mer and  her  descendants  were  of  a  remarkably 


OTHER   NORTH   COUNTRY    HERDS. 


649 


fi 


thick-fleshed,  neat-boned,  blocky,  short-legged 
squarely-built  sort;  and  such  cattle  as  Rose  of 
Athelstane,  Maid  of  Athelstane,  Lady  of  Athel- 
stane,  Queen  of  Athelstane,  Pride  of  Athelstane 
and  Crown  Prince  of  Athelstane  constituted  a 
collection  that  lias  rarely  been  excelled  in  any 
h^ia  on  either  side  the  water. 

In  1864  the  late  Hon.  David  Christie  of  Can- 
ada bought  and  imported  a  number  of  the  best 
ca^+le  of  the  Douglas  herd  and  they  exerted  a 
great  mfluence  for  good  on  this  side  the  At- 
lantic. We  believe  that  this  sale  to  Mr.  Chris- 
tie practically  closed  the  operations  of  Mr 
Douglas  as  a  breeder  of  Short-horns.  Further 
reference  to  the  importation  just  mentioned 
will  be  made  in  a  subsequent  chapter 

Campbell  of  Kinellar.-Although  not  one 
of  the  earliest  the  herd  of  the  late  Sylvester 
Campbell  was  one  of  the  best  in  Aberdeenshire 
Founded  in  the  year  1847  by  the  purchase  of  a 
pair  of  heifer  calves  at  Barclay  of  Ury's  sale 
one  costing  20  guineas  and  the  other  9   the 
Campbell  herd  affords  a  striking  illustration  of 
what  an   intelligent  farmer   can    accomplish 
from  a  modest  beginning.    Situated  about  nine 
miles  northwest  of  the  city  of  Aberdeen,  located 
in  a  district  noted  for  its  fine  farms  and  known 
locally  as  "the  Howe  of  the  Garioch."  the  farm 
ot  lunellar,  of  which  Mr.  Campbell  was  tenant. 
lies  in  the  valley  of  the  River  Don.    Jamieson 


m 


'&i 

^mm 

Ei'J 

!!■. 

.--: 

!■' 

m 

m 

wm 

m 

says:  "The  scenery  here  is  picturesque  and 
beautiful.  The  winding  river,  a  fine  salmon 
stream,  is  flanked  by  wooded  heights,  with 
some  handsome  villas  nestling  here  and  there 
among  the  trees.  At  times  the  valley  narrows 
between  rugged  woody  banks  and  then  widens 
out  again  into  broad,  fertile  meadows— haughs, 
as  they  are  called  in  Scotland — where  the  tat 
sheep  browse  and  the  cattle  doze  away  their 
time  in  sleepy  satisfaction  among  the  butter- 
cups and  clover.  A  sweet  spot  it  is  in  surxuy 
days  of  June  when  the  sky  is  without  a  cloud 
and  the  skylarks  are  fluttering  and  singing 
over  the  grassy  fields.  The  farm  lies  among 
the  banks  and  braes  that  slope  up  from  the 
river  and  consists  for  the  most  part  of  good 
loamy  soil,  laid  oft'  in  square  fields,  inclosed  by 
massive  stone  dykes." 

The  foundation  heifers  above  mentioned  were 
both  sired  by  The  Pacha  (7612) — the  grandson 
of  Mason's  Lady  Sarah  heretofore  referred  to— 
and  were  known  as  Isabella  and  Susannah. 
From  the  20-guinea  heifer,  Isabella,  Mr.  Camp- 
bell derived  two  good  families,  known  as  the 
Urys  and  Clarets.  He  seems  to  have  proceeded 
leisurely  in  his  cattle-breeding  and  at  first 
bred  his  cows  and  heifers  to  sires  in  service  on 
neighboring  farms,  among  them  being  Fairfax 
Hero  (9106),  Vice-President  (11002)  and  Unri- 
valed (13920)— all  bred  at  Sittyton  and  two  of 


TLE. 

esque  and 
le  salmon 
^lits,  with 
and  there 
sy  narrows 
len  widens 
5 — haughs, 
sre  the  tat 
way  their 
he  butter- 
s  in  sunny 
it  a  cloud 
d  singing 
[es  among 
from  the 
't  of  good 
iclosed  by 

on  ed  were 
grandson 
erred  to — 
Susannah. 
VIr.  0am  p- 
wn  as  the 
proceeded 
d  at  first 
service  on 
ig  Fairfax 
and  Unri- 
.nd  two  of 


OTHER    NORTH    COUNTRY    HERDS. 


651 


theni  sons  of  that  capital  bull  Fairfax  Royal 

^7  /ii  '  ^^^^  ^'^  ^^"^^^*  f^'on^  Ml--  Whitehead 
of  Little  Methlick  the  cow  Crocus,  a  grand- 
daughter  of  a  Pacha  heifer  that  had  been 
liought  at  Ury  in  1847. 

The  Nonpareils,  Miss  Ramsdens  and  Golden 
Drops.-The  big,  massive  Thalia  came  to  Kinel- 
hr  ui  1857  from  Longmore  of  Rettie  and  a  few 
years  later  Nonpareil  24th,  by  Lord  SackviUe 
was  got  from  the  Messrs.  Cruickshank.     From' 
he  latter  came  the  famous  Kinellar  Nonpareils 
Ibe  original  cow  of  this  tribe  had  been  brought 
to  .Scotland  from  the  herd  of  Mr.  Cartwright  of 
lathwcll  on  the  Lincolnshire  wolds,  in  whose 
lands  the  sort  had  been  greatly  esteemed.     In- 
deed, the  first  Nonpareil,  a  roan  cow  sired  by 
the  white  bull  Tathwell  Studley  (5401),  carry- 
ing  considerable  infusions  of  the  blood  of  the 
^0.000  Comet,  proved  useful   until   seventeen 
years  of  age.    Another  one  of  the  Kinellar  ma- 
trons was  Miss  Ramsden,  bred  by  Sir  J.  Rams- 
den,  and  taken  to  Scotland  by  Mr.  Jopp,  frotn 
whom  she   was  purchased  by  Mr.  Campbell. 
Another  cow  that  proved  a  good  investment 
was  Maid  of  Promise,  obtained  from  Mr.  Benton 
111  Alford.    From  her  w^as  descended  probably 
he  best  cow  ever  seen  in  the  Kinellar  pastures, 
Jlaid  of  Promise  6th,  that  won  the  challenge 
oup  at  Aberdeen  some  years  ago  as  the  best 
Miort-hom  of  either  sex  on  exhibition.    Thea- 


1 

! 

1 

la^ 

i 

:•'  i . 

t 

652        A    HISTORY   OF    SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 

salonica,  that  gave  rise  to  the  beautiful  Kinellar 
Golden  Drops,  was  dropped  by  Jewess,  a  cow 
bought  from  Mr.  Harvey  of  Tillygreig,  in  calf 
to  Duke  of  Clarence  (9040),  a  fine  white  bull 
bred  by  Wetherell  and  illustrated  in  the  eighth 
volume  of  Coates'  Herd  Book.  Another  pur- 
chase that  proved  fruitful  was  the  cow  Ruby 
Hill,  by  Elphinstone  (14492),  that  was  bred  by 
Messrs.  Smith,  Hillhead  of  Nairn. 

Early  Kinellar  sires. — For  some  years  the 
herd  of  Messrs.  Cruickshank  was  resorted  to  fou 
sires.  Mr.  Campbell  was  remarkably  fortunate, 
or,  perhaps  we  should  say,  exercised  extraor- 
dinary judgment  in  selecting  young  bulls 
at  Sittyton.  Mosstrooper  (11827),  Beeswing 
(12456),  Scarlet  Velvet  (16916),  and  Diphthong 
(17681)  proved  exceptional  stock-getters.  The 
two  latter  were  sent  into  the  leading  show- 
yards  of  the  North  in  1862  and  1863  and  over- 
came all  opposition.  Indeed,  the  use  an^  i  ex- 
hibition of  these  bulls  was  an  important  factor 
in  building  up  the  reputation  of  the  Sittyton 
stock.  Of  Cruickshank  breeding  also  was  the 
handsome  bull  known  as  The  Garioch  Boy 
(15384),  bought  by  Mr.  Campbell  at  a  high 
price,  but  lost  soon  afterward.  Beeswing  was 
a  red,  sired  by  Matadore  (11800),  tracing  on  the 
dam's  side  through  Venus  and  Dairymaid  to 
the  stock  of  Rennie  of  Phantassie.  He  left  at 
Kinellar  a  lot  of  useful,  deep-bodied  cows;  and 


ise  ani  i  ex- 


OTHER   NORTH   COUNTRY   HERDS.  653 

tl  e  IW%^  It  *''!  P''°Se"y  proved  among 
the  best  Short-horns  of  their  day.  Scarlet  VpI 
ve  was  a  red,  sired  by  The  Ba«n  (13833)  out 
0  Verdure  by  Plantagenet  (11906),  runninl  to 
the  cow  Tranquil  by  Barclay's  Billy  (SlsD^He 
was  sold  to  go  into  Morayshire  nl\i 
-other  red  "with  a  curioustark  ifke  a  tLT 

"B  around  his  left  fore  ribs,"wasa  thlk  Sd" 
all  by  Lord  Stanley  (16454)  out  of  a  daughter 
'  F;'»cy,  also  by  Billy  (8151),  and  had  a  bril 
1-  career  at  the  Scottish  national  .shows 

Booth  cross  disappointing.-So  great  had 
eeu    he  success  of  the  use  of  these^  sTttyton 

V     of  tl  p""l'  .''^"  '°  ''^'  ™"k  us  a 
va   of  the  Cruickshank  herd  itself,  then  the 

ZLu ZZ  ".'"  '''°"""'''  '^"'^  Campbell 
nought   to  emphasize  his  independence    bv 

m?  ,tr^™  ^°'-  '"«  herd   bullf  From 
f-CS  to  1877  he  went  South  for  hissres  «n 

rM        B-^'"  ^'-"^  Sir  Christopher  (22S95) 
J  by  Richard  Booth,  but  notwithstandW 

ile^lT  '•«,.''-' ^"'^l-yed  in  thTsreS 
,snf      r'-^^'.'^'^PPoi"  ting,  and  in  the  liter 

fct  love   "f  • '1  "P"'^*'""^  ^'  ''^^^^^^l  '« 
"'  love  and  in  large  measure  restored  the 


654 


A    HISTORY   OF    SHORT-HORN    CATTLE. 


l!l«f  ' 


m 


.H 


V    '!    1 
I 


usefulness  of  his  stock  by  breeding  from  such 
Cruickshank  bulls  as  Vermont  and  Gravesend. 
The  latter  in  particular  did  excellent  service, 
acquiring  distinction  as  a  heifer  getter,  and  af- 
terward passed  into  the  possession  of  William 
Duthie  of  Collynie. 

Mr.  Campbell  died  in  1891,  and  the  herd  was 
finally  dispersed  in  1897.  The  proprietor  had 
been  highly  respected  throughout  the  entire 
North  Country  and  the  sale  drew  out  a  large 
attendance.  Although  prices  at  that  time 
were  not  at  their  present  range,  the  heifers  by 
Gravesend  and  Royal  James  were  greatly  ad- 
mired and  averaged  over  £42  each.  Lord  Rose- 
berry,  Mr.  Duthie  and  Fletcher  of  Rosehaiigh 
bought  a  number  of  the  best  lots.  A  few  went 
into  Yorkshire,  and  the  bull  Royal  James  to 
Lincoln.  Mr.  Duthie  says:  "The  Kinellar  cat- 
tle were  noted  for  their  substance,  and  the 
cows  generally  were  heavy  milkers." 

The  Kinellar  Short-horns  are  best  known  in 
America  through  the  fine  family  of  Golden 
Drops,  descending  from  the  cow  Thessalonica 
above  mentioned.  The  sort  was  introduced  on 
this  side  by  Messrs.  Geo.  Isaac  and  J.  S.  Thomp- 
son of  Canada.  In  the  hands  of  Messrs.  Avery 
&  Murphy,  Col.  Holloway,  Messrs.  A.  H.  &  I.  B. 
Day  and  others  they  sold  at  strong  prices  and 
made  an  enviable  show-yard  and  breedina-  rec- 
ord.    Subsequently  they  acquired  additional 


m 


OTHER   NORTH   COUNTRY   HERDS.  655 

ei,l  ot  Col.  W.  A.  Hams.    Some  of  the  Miss 
Itamsdens  and  Nonpareils  were  also  imported 
nito  the  West  and  proved  good  breederf., 
well  as  successful  show  animals 
Marr  of  UppermiU.-The  late  William  S 
larr  one  of  the  most  eminent  of  all  the  Aber-' 
deenshjre    breeders    of    Short-horns,    enteTed 
upon  the  farm  of  UppermiU  in  1833.    It  is  s.t- 
»a  ed  m  the  same  district  as  Sittyton,  ShethTn 
ollyme  and  other  noted  nurseries  of  North 
Country  stock.   Mr.  Marr  was  twenty-two  years 
ot  age  at  the  time  he  took  the  lease  of  Upper 
T  '  ^'jfV^^*'  ^t  that  time  in  a  very  rough 
ate.    Much  of  the  land  had  to  be  reclaTmfd 

mtt\T'''''''  """^  '*  ^'^^  "»'  ""til  abTut 
al  that  he  was  able  to  turn  his  attention  to 

rLr%  P  '  flr»t  purchases  were  made  i^ 
the  North  of  England,  but  with  one  notable 
exception  the  original  investment  proved  alto! 
gether  unsatisfactory;  the  cattle  doing  no  good 
;m  er  the  conditions  to  which  they  le./sub- 
.lecteci  in  their  new  home. 

The  Maudes.~The  ancestress  of  this  Upper- 
mill  tribe  was  the  fine  cow  Maude  that  consti- 
nted  ohe  exception  just  mentioned.  She  l^e- 
longed  to  a  family  that  had  been  bred  by  Mr 
Thomas  Chrisp  of  Northumberland,  who  had 
obtained  the  sort  from  the  herd  of  Mr.  Jopling 


656 


A   HISTORY   OF  SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


,  t*    '   .-^  ,3'   .    :(1H- 


The  foundation  dam,  Duchess  of  St.  All)ans, 
had  a  double  cross  of  the  Princess  bull  St.  Al- 
bans (2584).  The  present  proprietor  at  Upper- 
mill  says:  "My  father  used  to  tell  me  that 
Maude  was  a  very  fine  cow  and  a  grand 
milker."  Crossed  with  such  bulls  as  Heir  of 
Englishman  (24122)  and  Cherub  4th  (33359), 
both  of  Lord  Sudeley's  Seraphina  sort,  the 
Mp-  .des  developed  into  one  of  the  strongest  of 
Mr.  Marr's  tribes. 

The  Missies. — This  celebrated  Scottish  fam- 
ily originated  in  the  hands  of  Capt.  Barclay  of 
Ury.  The  primal  cow  of  this  name  was  bred 
by  Mr.  A.  Morison  from  Countess  of  Ury  blood; 
and  was  obtained  by  Mr.  Marr  about  1854.  She 
was  considered  an  extraordinary  animal,  pos- 
sessing great  substance  and  wealth  of  flesh. 
The  earlier  Missies  were  sired  by  such  bulls  as 
Augustus  (15598),  Lord  of  Lome  (18258),  Young 
Pscha  (20457),  and  Macduff  (26773);  and  in 
later  years  the  sort  was  brought  to  a  high  de- 
gree of  perfection  by  the  use  of  Seraphina  and 
Sittyton  bulls.  The  tribe  not  only  proved  pro- 
lific, but  steadily  improved  in  merit  until  ac- 
knowledged on  both  sides  the  Atlantic  as  one 
of  the  best  of  all  Scotch  Short-horn  families. 
Indeed,  it  is  doubtful  if  any  other  one  sort  has 
done  more  for  the  good  of  the  breed  in  the 
North  of  Scotland,  or  has  produced  more  noted 
prize-winners.    During  the  "seventies"  the  late 


5t.  All)ans, 
)ull  St.  Al- 
'  at  Upper- 
11  me  that 
i  a  grand 
as  Heir  of 
th  (33359), 
I  sort,  the 
brongest  of 

ottish  fam- 
Barchij^  of 
e  was  bred 
Ury  blood^ 
1854.  She 
nimal,  pos- 
h  of  flesh, 
cli  bulls  as 
158),  Young 
J);  and  in 
a  high  de- 
aphina  and 
)roved  pro- 
t  until  ac- 
citic  as  one 
n  families. 
QB  sort  has 
eed  in  the 
uore  noted 
!S  "  the  late 


OTHER   NORTH   COUNTRY   HERDS. 

Mr.  Marr  showed  cattle  of  this  family  with 
great  success;  conspicuous  among  the  winners 
being  the  bull  Young  Englishman  (31113),  got 
by  Heir  of  Englishman  out  of  Missie  19th  '  He 
was  calved  in  1871  and  was  first  and  champion 
at  the  leading  shows  for  three  successive  years 
besides  leaving  many  good  sons  and  beautiful 
daughters  at  Uppermill   In  recent  years  Moun- 
taineer (63027),  a  Missie  bull  of  Mr.  Marr's 
breeding,  was  shown  with  success  in  the  herd 
of  Messrs.  Wright  of  Lincolnshire,  Eng     Mi- 
randa, in  the  hands  of  Mr.  Deane  Willis  and 
the  Royal  champion  Marengo,  owned  by  Mr 
Philo  L.  Mills  of  Nottinghamshire,  have  brought 
additional  honor  to  the  tribe.    Mr.  Duthie  has 
incorporated  the  sort  into  his  famous  herd  at 
tollynie,  and  such  cows  as  Missie  141st    by 
William  of  Orange,  and  Missie  150th,  by  Daunt- 
ess,  now  at  Uppermill,  afford  capital  illustra- 
tion of  the  manner  in  which  the  blood  breeds 
on. 

The  Princess  Royals.-This  sort  and  the 
Missies  constitute  the  two  largest  families  now 
a  Uppermill,  there  being  about  twenty  females 
ot  each.  The  Princess  Royals  trace  their  de- 
scent in  the  maternal  line  to  the  herd  of  Mr 
Hay  of  Shethin.  They  have  responded  well  to 
tne  use  of  Cruickshank  bulls,  displaying  good 
constitution,  great  wealth  of  flesh,  broad  ribs 
and  strong  loins.    Many  good  specimens  both 

4« 


I 


iln  I 


t 


I 


I 


G58        A    HISTORY    OK    HHORT-IIORN    CATTLE. 

of  the  Princess  Royals  and  the  Missies  have 
been  imported  to  the  United  States  and  (Jauada 
during  the  past  twenty  yest  rs. 

The  Alexandrinas.-  This  tribe  is  of  the 
same  origin  as  the  Sittyton  Crocus  sort,  both 
descending  from  the  lierd  of  Mr.  Morison  of 
Mountbhiiry,  Al)erdeenshire,  who  obtained  the 
family  from  Grant  Duff.  The  Alexandrinas 
have  to  their  credit  the  production  of  the  fa- 
mous American  champion  show  bull  Gay  Mon- 
arch 92411.  The  family  came  into  the  posses- 
sion of  Mr.  Marr  about  1860. 

The  Roan  or  Red  Ladys.— About  1855  Mr. 
Marr  purchased  from  th(^  late  Mi-.  Whitehead 
of  Little  Methlick,  Aberdeenshir*  a  cow  called 
Roan  Lady,  from  which  he  bred  a  heifer  by  thn 
Kinellar  bull  Young  Pacha  called  Red  Lady. 
Descendants  of  these  cows  have  since  been 
known  at  Uppermill  as  Roan  or  iled  Ladys. 
They  have  been  distinguished,  as  a  rule,  for 
their  rich  colors,  good  Short-horn  character, 
fine  style  and  depth  of  flesh.  Representatives 
of  this  sort  have  several  times  topped  the  Up- 
permill young  bulls.  Lideed,  at  the  sale  held 
this  year  (1899)  the  best  price,  2"0  guineas,  was 
paid  by  Mr.  Mills  for  Royal  F;  ue  from  Roan 
Lady  14th — a  fine  old  cow,  still  useful  at  the 
age  of  fourteen  years. 

The  Bessies. — This  tribe  came  to  Uppermill 
in  1862  and,  like  the  Roan  Ladys,  was  acquired 


OTHER   NOF{TH   COUNTRY   HERDS. 


059 


ssies  have 
nd  (Jauiida 

is  of  the 
sort,  both 
lorison  of 
tained  the 
sxandriiias 
of  the  fa- 
Gay  Moii- 
^he  posses- 

:  1855  Mr. 
Whitehead 
zow  called 
ifer  by  the 
Red  Lady, 
iiice  been 
^ed  Ladys. 
^  rule,  for 
character, 
(sentatives 
3d  the  Up- 
sale  held 
lineas,  was 
rom  Roan 
ful  at  the 


by  purchase  from  Mr.  Whitehea<l    The  latter 
had  obtained  the  bh  xl  from   Harday  of  Ury. 
It  IS  one  of  several  valuable  Scottish  sorts  trac- 
ing in  the  maternal  Imo  to  Mary  Anne,  by 
Sillery.     The  Bessies  are  now  well  known  in 
conne^'tion  with  the  champion  show  bull  Sign 
of  Riches  (C0324),  sold  in  1898  for  export  to 
South  America  and  culled  by  many  good  judges 
the  best  Short-horn  bull  in  Great  Britain  at  the 
time  of  his  exportation.    He  was  a  bull  of  ex- 
triiordinary   depth    and  wealth   of  flesh  that 
overcame  all  opposition  not  only  at  the  High- 
land show  but  at  the  Royal  Dublin.     He  was 
sold  at  auction  in  Buenos  Aires  for  £650,  and 
one  of  his  sons  (Farrier)  w^as  recently  sold  in 
Argentine  by  the  Messrs.  Nelson  for  £1,300 

The   Claras.-Mr.   Marr,    in   common  with 
nearly  all  of  the  other  Aberdeenshire  breeders, 
was  indebted  very  largely  to  the  Ury  blood  of 
Capt.  Barclay  for  his  foundation  stock.     In  ad- 
dition to  the  Ury  tribes  already  mentioned  he 
obt.  med  in  1860  from  Mr.  Shepherd  of  Shethin 
the  ,ow  Clara  10th,  descended  from  Clara  2d 
by  The  Pacha,  bred  by  Barclas.    The  Claras 
are  recognized  in  the  North  of  Scotland  as  one 
if  the  soundest  of  the  old  local  sorts,  and  in 
1876  Clara  28th  of  this  line,  sired  by  Gold  Dig- 
ger (24044),  was  a    prominent    prize-winner. 
^bo  possessed  great  scale  and  rare  beauty  of 
conformation.     Several  specimens  of  this  fam- 


( 

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660         A    HISTOKY    OF    SHOUT-HORN    CATTLK. 

ily  have  been  imported  to  the  United  States 
and  Canada. 

The  Emmas. — This  family  came  to  Upper- 
mill  about  1870  through  the  cow  Emma  2d,  by 
Golden  Eagle  (26267).  She  carried  six  succes- 
sive crosses  of  bulls  bred  by  Mr.  Cruickslumk, 
and  one  of  her  heifers,  bred  by  Mr.  Marr,  known 
as  Emma  3d,  was  imported  into  Illinois  in 
1876,  where  she  became  the  dam  of  the  cliiini- 
pion  twin  heifers  Emma  4th  and  5th,  that  ac- 
quired so  much  celebrity  in  the  herd  of  Messrs 
Potts.  Indeed,  it  may  fairly  be  claimed  that 
the  exhibition  of  these  massive,  heavy-fleslied 
cows  contributed  largely  toward  building  up 
the  demand  for  Scotch-bred  Short-horns  that 
set  in  throughout  the  Western  States  about 
the  time  of  their  exhibition.  Another  noted 
animal  of  the  Emma  tribe  was  the  bull  Earl  of 
Mar  (47815),  imported  into  Canada  by  Francis 
Green.  He  was  a  roan  from  Emma  2d,  the 
matron  of  the  tribe  at  Uppermill 

The  Goldies.— The  original  Goldie  was  bred 
by  Messrs.  Smith  &  Co.  of  Inverness.  She  was 
a  remarkably  fine  specimen  of  the  breed,  hav- 
ing for  sire  the  Sittyton-bred  Goldsmith  (14032). 
She  came  to  Uppermill  about  1858,  where  she 
produced  in  1865  the  bull  Gold  Digger  that  was 
sold  to  the  late  Mr.  Duthie,  father  of  the  pres- 
ent William  Duthie  of  Collynie.  He  proved 
such  a  good  sire  that  he  was  bought  back  for 


OTHEK   NORTH   COUNTRY    HERDS. 


661 


U 


ill 


ippermi 

linl.lie  wa«  fed  for  exhibition  at  the  SmilhHeW 
h  i(.w  in  London,  where  she  was  a  prize-winner 
alter  having  produced  four  calves.    She  was 
regarded  as  one  of  tlie  best  Short-horn  cows  of 
'"'''  *^'™f  ■  '">'•  «ome  of  the  best  of  all  the  Un- 
I'onuil  hhort-liorns  trace  descent  from  her    A 
white  bull  calf  of  this  tribe,  called  The  Wliite 
K Might    has    recently    been    bought    by    Mr 
nthie  for  service  at  CoUynie  at  140  guineas 
lie  was  sired  by  Wanderer  out  of  Goldie  35th' 
Sittyton  sorts.-l„  addition  to  his  own  fam- 
.  .OS  as  above  enumerated  Mr.  Man-  added  to 
he  herd  at  UppenniH  representatives  of  Mr. 
Cmickshank's  Butterfly  and  Duchess  of  filoste; 
tubes.    In  the  hands  of  Mr.  Marr  the  Butter- 
H.VS  have  been  known  as  Blythesomes.    It  will 
be  remembered  that  this  sort  was  obtained  by 
Mr  Crmck,shank  from  Capt.  Barclay.    The  tiJt 
the  family  went  to  Uppermill  in  1880.    A 
lilythesome    bull    calf   recently   brought  220 
gnmeas    rom  P.  L  Mills  of  Ruddington  Hall. 
Duches.ses  of  Gloster  at  Uppermill  are  de- 

S    vf,         i«r'''''  °^  ^^°'*^^  35">'  bred  at 
Sittyton  in  1885. 

Early  Sires  at  tTppermm.-One  of  the  first 

(u".n^"^       ''y   .I^'-    Man-   was    Clarendon 

4-80)  a  red   oI>tained  in  1856  from  the  old 

w  -.l  at  Shethin.    He  was  always  thought  an 

extra  good  bull  and  a  rare  stock-getter     He 


■' 

mummi 

IH'. 

mwf  '    '  '1 

1       I 

1 
J  i 

,  4 


'  i  I 


662        A    HISTORY   OF    SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 

belonged  to  the  Princess  Royal  family.  An- 
other valuable  bu!!  obtained  from  Shethin  and 
placed  in  service  ii-  1859  was  the  beautiful  roan 
Lord  of  Lome  (18258),  sired  by  the  famous 
Cherry  Duke  2d  (14265),  and  tracing  on  the 
dam's  side  through  the  Lovely  line  afterward 
so  famous  at  Sittyton.  Lord  of  Lome  was  one 
of  the  most  potent  influences  in  the  develop- 
ment of  the  original  herd.  Uppermill  early 
gave  its  adherence  to  Sittyton,  the  flrst  of  the 
Cruickshank  bulls  to  go  there  being  Lord  Sur- 
rey (20230)  and  Lord  Lyons  (22173).  The 
former  was  bought  in  1861  and  the  latter  in 
1864.  They  were  both  reds  and  both  proved 
satisfactory  sires.  Resort  was  next  had  to 
Kinellar.  Young  Pacha  (20457)  and  Prince 
Louis  (27158),  both  red,  were  obtained  from 
Mr.  Campbell.  The  former  left  some  good 
cows  and  heifers  and  Prince  Louis  proved  a 
tower  of  strength.  He  was  a  bull  of  great  sub- 
stance, very  thick  in  his  flesh  and  stood  near  to 
the  ground.  In  the  course  of  a  recent  letter  to 
the  author  the  younger  Mr.  Marr  says:  "  1  be- 
lieve the  thickness  of  the  Uppermill  cattle  is 
to  this  day  partly  due  to  Prince  Louis."  It  is 
interesting  in  this  connection  to  note  that  his 
dam,  the  Cruickshank-bred  Nonpareil  24th,  was 
a  daughter  of  Lord  Sackville  (13349),  whose 
extraordinary  value  as  a  sire  was  not  suffi- 
ciently recognized  at  Sittyton.    Prince  Louis 


■(*Wi 


rn    I    ii 


OTHER   NORTH   COUNTRY   HERDS. 


663 


was  followed  by  the  first  home-bred  bull  to  be 
placed  in  service,  to- wit.:  Gold  Digger  (24044). 
As  already  mentioned  he  was  out  of  the  great 
cow  G oldie  and  was  used  for  a,  time  by  the  late 
Mr.  Duthie.  He  is  said  to  have  been  a  very 
grand  red  bull,  possessing  great  width  and 
depth.  One  branch  of  the  Missies  traces 
through  Missie  20th,  by  Gold  Digger.  He  was 
followed  by  the  Highland  Society's  prize  bull 
Macduff  (26773),  a  roan,  bred  by  Mr.  Bruce  of 
Broadland.  A  large  family  of  Missies  descend 
tln-ough  Missie  30th  by  this  bull. 

Heir  of  Englishman  (24122).— This  great 
show-yard  champion  was  bought  for  Uppermill 
ill  1869  at  four  years  of  age.  He  was  bred  by 
G.  11.  Barclay  of  Keavil,  Perthshire,  who  was 
also  the  breeder  of  the  famous  Baron  Booth  of 
Lancaster  7535,  so  celebrated  in  America.  The 
Heir  was  got  by  Englishman  (19701)  out  of  the 
handsome  cow  Seraphina  13th,  belonging  to 
Lord  Sudeley's  renowned  family  of  that  name. 
He  was  a  roan,  showing  pronounced  Short- 
horn character,  great  substance,  length,  qual- 
ity and  style,  and  was  a  leading  prize-winner 
at  aU  the  National  shows  of  his  day,  including 
both  the  Royal  and  the  Highland.  Amos 
Ciuickshank  is  said  to  have  been  one  of  his 
greatest  admirers,  and  remarked  to  Mr.  Marr 
that  the  bull's  head  and  eye  alone  were  worth 
the  price  paid  for  him.    Mr.  Marr  was  offered 


lil 


Kiii  -»| 


1 


n^ 


I 


I* 


664 


A   HISTORY   OP   SHORT-HORN    CATTLE. 


I  "I  W 
'     ■  ,V 

i  Mh 


HI: 


■ 


double  the  sum  given  for  tlie  bull  by  the  Sitcy- 
ton  management.  Heir  of  Englishman  gave 
the  Uppermill  herd  its  first  great  popularity. 
His  progeny  were  eagerly  sought  by  foreign 
buyers  and  were  easily  recognized  on  account 
of  their  singular  uniformity.  It  is  doubtful  if 
any  bull  evor  used  in  Aberdeenshire  left  a 
greater  impress  upon  North  Country  Short- 
horn breeding.  He  was  used  at  Uppevmill  for 
seven  years. 

Young  Englishman  (31113),  a  red,  sired  by 
the  Heir  out  of  Missie  19th,  developed  into 
a  bull  of  great  thickness  and  succeeded  his  sire 
in  service.  He  proved  a  good  getter  as  well  as 
a  fine  show  bull,  and  Mr.  Marr  had  the  cour- 
age to  refuse  an  offer  of  £300  for  him,  which 
was  in  those  days  a  fabulous  price  for  a  Scotch- 
bred  Short-horn.  About  this  same  time  sev- 
eral other  home-bred  bulls  were  tested,  among 
others  Midshipman  (29372),  that  was  used  for  a 
year  and  then  sold  for  export  to  Australia  at  a 
long  price.  He  was  a  bull  of  remarkable  thick- 
ness, and  several  of  his  daughters  were  brought 
to  the  United  States  and  Canada. 

Cherub  4th  (83359).— The  Seraphina  blood 
as  evidenced  in  the  two  bulls  just  mentioned 
gave  such  eminent  satisfaction  at  Uppermill 
that  Mr.  Marr  next  purchased  the  roan  Cherub 
4th,  bred  by  Lord  Sudeley  and  sired  by  Manda- 
rin (29209)  out  of  Booth's  Seraphina  by  Caron 


OTHER   NORTH   COUNTRY   HERDS. 


665 


Booth  (21212),  the  sire  of  Mr.  Pickrell's  Baron 
Booth  of  Lancaster.  Mandarin  was  a  white 
bull  with  roan  ears,  got  by  the  Bates-bred  2d 
Duke  of  Wethorby  (21618)  out  of  Seraphina 
15th;  so  that  Cherub  4th  was  an  inbred  Sera- 
phina carrying  a  Bates  as  well  as  a  Booth  cross. 
He  was  a  dark  roan  of  pronounced  substance 
and  quality  and  cost  200  guineas  at  twelve 
months  old.  He  was  a  capital  stock-getter  and 
his  bulls  made  the  highest  prices  obtained  by 
Mr.  Marr  in  the  old  days. 

Athabasca  (47359).-rn  the  selection  and 
use  of  this  valuable  Cruickshank  bull  we  have 
an  adminu;,  illustration  of  the  advantage  pos- 
sessed oy  Old  Country  breeders  in  the  matter 
of  di -i'e^  ^fding  color  in  bulls  chosen  for  stock 
purposes.  Athabasca  was  a  white,  bred  at  Sit- 
tyton  from  the  prize  bull  Pride  of  the  Isles 
(35072)  out  of  Azalea  (dam  of  the  most  cele- 
brated of  all  latter-day  Cruickshank  bulls,  Field 
xMarshal),  by  Cgesar  Augustus  (25704).  He  was 
bought  in  1881  and  used  at  Uppermill  for  seven 
years  with  complete  success.  His  young  bulls 
were  in  keen  demand  and  his  heifers,  as  a  rule, 
were  of  a  refined  and  excellent  breeding 
type. 

Since  Athabasca's  time  none  but  Cruick- 
shank bulls  have  been  used  at  Uppermill.  He 
was  succeeded  by  Lord  Lavender  (54616),  by 
Cumberland  out  of  Lavender  15th. 


''1 

f 

mm 

1 

! 
r 

<. 

666 


A    Wmt$m   OF  SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


' 

William  of  Orange  (50694).  —  This  great 
Cruickshank  bull  was  bought  at  Sittyton  as  a 
calf  in  1883.  He  was  a  red,  sired  by  Roan 
Gaucf^.et  out  of  Orange  Blossom  21st  by  Csesar 
Augustus,  and  was  retained  in  service  at  Up- 
permill  until  twelve  years  old.  His  record  as 
a  sire  is  a  source  of  pride  to  all  who  are  inter- 
ested in  the  fortunes  of  the  Aberdeenshire  cat- 
tle. He  was  a  red,  possessing  strong  individu- 
ality, wonderful  constitution,  a  grandly-spread 
and  admirably-covered  back,  and  extraordinary 
quality.  As  seen  at  Uppermill  by  the  writer 
in  1892  he  impressed  us  as  the  best  aged  bull 
of  the  breed  we  had  the  privilege  of  examining 
in  all  Britain,  and  his  progeny  were  almost 
without  exception  well  above  the  average  in 
merit.  Among  the  best  of  his  get  may  be  men- 
tioned Gay  Monarch  and  Master  of  the  Mint 
(both  brought  to  Am.erica),  Mou::taineer  and 
the  dam  of  Marengo.  His  daughters  have 
proved  mines  of  wealth  to  the  proprietors  of 
Uppermill. 

Later  Sittyton  sires  at  Uppermill.— After 
William  of  Orange  came  Sea  King  (617()9),  a 
good  dark  roan  of  the  Spicy  family,  sired  by 
Gondomar  (55821)  out  of  Sea  Foam  by  Gondo- 
lier (52956),  tracing  to  Silvery  by  Chnn^pion  of 
England.  Then  came  Dauntless  ;54155),  Cap- 
tain of  the  Guard  (58956)  and  Wandr  -er  (60138), 
the  latter  sire  of  the  380-gMinea  bull  Scotlisli 


ere  almost 


OTHER   NORTH   COUNTRY   HERDS.  067 

Champion,  sold  to  Mr.  Duthie.     Wanderer  is 

.11  m  service  (1899)  at  eleven  years  of  Le 

li.e  UppermiU  young  bulls  have  teen  soldtt 

"W;o  auction  annually  since  1856.    Showing 

ImH  been  discontinued  since  about  1875 

Mr.  Marr  8r  departed  this  life  a  few  years 
™"f.^fter  a  long  and  useful  career  havt^ 
coutributed  largely  to  the  upbuilding  tf  f 
repntauon   which    the    Aberdeenshire    Shor^ 

""loir  Wiir""1 ""  '"'*"  ''''"^ "-  ^"->«  • 
J  '*•  son  William  S.  succeeded  to  the  owner- 

siiip  and  management  of  the  herd 

Lethenty  -Mr.  Anthony  Cruicfohauk  had 
t;vo  .sons,  .ohn  W  and  Edward,  both  of  whom 
ahv^s  manifested  a  deep  interest  in  Short 

L  u-^Z ""^  ''"'^"^  ''^  *•>«»•  f'^ther  they  in- 
cited his  interests  in  the  Sittyton  herd  which 
tey  retained  until  its  final  di,^,ersion     In  ad 
.t.on  to  holding  this  interes    in  tee  paret 
em  the  brothers  undertook  at  Lethenty  near 
Inverurie.  Aberdeenshire,  the  establishm;rof 
»  partnership  herd.    The  foundation  ofZherf 
W.S  laid  ,n  the  early  "seventies"  and  Booth 
'looa  was  made  the  standard.    The  herd  at 

"I'll  a  good  degree  ot  success  for  some  vears 

''emg  finally  dispersed  at  auction  ^    ^' 

■^fter  the  .sale  of  the  Booth  cattle  Mr  Edward 

mckshank   founded  at    Lethenty  a  seZd 

'""'•  ^'■"■^'■'^g  P'"-t  ot  his  material  from  SU^ 


1 

1 
1  ^ 

^Hh^ 

'''^iHP' 

!  ' 


I 


668        A    HISTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 

ton  and  part  from  Longmore  of  Rettie.  As 
has  already  been  stated  the  Longmore  Short- 
horns ranked  among  the  best  ever  produced  in 
Scotland,  the  herd  dating  from  about  1S88,  and 
at  the  time  Edward  Cruickshank  purchased  fe-  f 
males  of  that  breeding  the  Rettie  stock  carried  ^ 
a  good  percentage  of  Sittyton  blood.  Edward  '' 
had  an  idea  that  these  large-framed,  good-milk- 
ing cows  would  "nick"  well  with  Sittyton 
sires,  and,  as  the  question  of  fresh  blood  tor 
the  parent  herd  was  often  considered  by  Mr. 
Amos  Cruickshank,  it  was  agreed  between  Ed- 
ward and  his  uncle  that  the  proposition  of  the 
former  to  select  good  Longmore  cows  for  mat- 
ing with  Sittyton  bulls  was  likely  to  result  in 
success  and  perhaps  prove  the  means  of  pro- 
viding a  desirable  outcross  for  the  now  strong- 
ly-inbred Cruickshank  stock.  Five  of  these 
Longmore  cows  were  bought  at  the  Rettie  dis- 
persion of  1881,  consisting  of  three  daughters 
and  two  granddaughters  of  Lord  Forth  (26649), 
1  red  bull  bred  at  Sittyton  from  Forth  (ITSfiG) 
out  of  Autumn  Rose  by  Lord  Raglan.  The 
richly-fleshed,  low-standing  roan  bull  Perfec- 
tion (37185),  sired  by  Bridesman  (30586)  out  of 
Russian  Violet  by  Scotland's  Pride,  was  se- 
cured from  Sittyton  and  placed  in  service. 
This  bull  was  distinguished  for  his  quality  and 
even  distribution  of  thick  flesh,  and  crossed 
with  Longmore  cows  proved  a  distinct  success. 


OTHER   NORTH   COUNTRY   HERDS. 


669 


Rettie.  As 
More  Short- 
produced  in 
Lit  1888,  and 
archased  fe- 
:ock  carried 
d.  Edward 
,  good- ni ilk- 
ill  Sittyton 
h  blood  for 
ired  by  Mr. 
>etween  Ed- 
dtioii  of  the 
ws  for  mat- 
to  result  in 
ians  of  pi'o- 
now  strong- 
^e  of  these 
)  Rettie  dis- 
3  daughters 
.rth  (26649), 
3rth  (178()()) 
iglan.  The 
mil  Pert'ec- 
)586)  out  of 
:le,  was  se- 
in  service, 
quality  and 
iiid  crossed 
net  success. 


He  was  followed  in  service  by  one  of  his  sons, 
Prince  Rufus  (51926),  descended  on  his  dam's 
side  from  the  Rettie  stock.  He  was  a  capital 
individual,  being  shown  with  success  as  a  calf 
yearling  and  two-year-old.  About  1887  Edward 
Cruickshank  resolved  to  give  up  farming  and 
take  up  his  residence  in  England,  closing  out 
practically  the  entire  herd  at  private  sale  to 
the  Hon.  John  Dryden  of  Canada. 

Collynie.-The  herd  of  Mr.  William  Duthie, 
upon  whose  shoulders  the  mantle  of  the  late 
Amos  Cruickshank  seems  to  have  fallen,  occu- 
pies such  a  commanding  position  in  the  Scotch 
Short-horn  trade  at  the  present  time  that  it 
must  form  the  subject  of  further  reference  in  a 
subsequent  chapter.  As  its  foundations,  how- 
ever, date  back  to  about  the  year  1856  it  must 
be  included  in  this  connection  among  the  Aber- 
deenshire stocks  contemporaneous  in  date  with 
the  herd  at  Sittyton. 

Mr.  Duthie's  father  w^as  a  near  neighbor  of 
Mr.  Cruickshank  and  kept  a  few  Short-horns  on 
the  farm  of  Collynie— one  of  the  Earl  of  Aber- 
deen's many  estates  in  that  vicinity— some  fifty 
years  since.  At  the  dispersion  sale  of  the  good 
lerd  of  Mr.  Jonathan  Whitehead  of  Little 
-lethlick,  in  1856,  he  purchased  the  foundation 
dams  of  three  tribes  that  are  still  to  be  found 
ui  the  herd;  one  of  which  has  the  .same  origin 
as  the  Roan  or  Red  Lady  tribe  at  UppermiU 


I 


MM 


670        A   HISTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 

already  mentioned.  In  common  with  other 
Aberdeenshire  breeders  Mr.  Duthie  Sr.  sought 
at  all  times  cattle  of  the  useful,  practical  sort, 
and  long  before  the  Sittyton  dispersion  the  herd 
had  acquired  pronounced  merit  and  a  high  local 
reputation.  It  was  not,  however,  until  the 
present  proprietor,  Mr.  Wm.  Duthie,  made  his 
memorable  purchase  of  Sittyton  cattle  after 
Mr.  Amos  Cruickshank  gave  up  breeding,  that 
the  Collynie  Short-horn  became  an  important 
factor  on  both  sides  the  water.  As  American 
breeders  are  interested  more  particularly  in  the 
later  history  of  the  herd  comment  as  to  its 
character  is  reserved  until  the  subject  may  he 
reached  in  its  proper  order. 


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CHAPTER     XXI. 

insK  OF  s.:(,Tcn  nmvAi  in  ameiuca. 

hoii  s  to  Ainenoa  were  made  i,,  1804  an,l  m-",,. 

U.  and  k.  (,.  (  „,w,ne  of  Lebanon.  0.,  and  con- 
.».od  of  some  thirty  head,  most  of  w  C^  were 
bed  by  Douglas  of  Athel.staneford.  'Zn^t 
l.e  North-of-Scotlan,l  l.Iood  was  ...o  ght  y 
the  lllinoiK  frnport  ng  Co  in  l«r,7  .  *'  '^ 
iiord  of  Messrs.  C.-uiclfslnni     ,t  i:  J;  *'"* 

0  excel  e„ce  of  the  two  a„i,„als  re,M  J  enti" 
timt  bIo.,d  ,n  this  first  Western  imnortatio,     s 
|»"PV  attested  by  the  fact  that  at    he  c„ 
IMiiy  s  sale  at  .S.)rini;fiel(l  the  nni,.  . 

"f  tlie    bull    Defende,     19  «      ,     ?"^'^''"^' 

lIlSIKh   ...    \  '   (I2(>.S7),    by   Matadore 

IWiO).  and  the  roan   Nonpareil  heifer  F  .,d„ 

IhuTiet— bronirlit  <«•:(  «oa    <-        T-  ^'"^'^ 

^tndina.  ■     '        "'  "•"ction.     Notwith- 

Un  ing  this  early  introdu.^tion  of  Scotch  cat 
e.   he  descendants  of  the  New  York  Ohio  and 

Iveutucky  nnportations  fron,  England  as  we 
av  already  sh<,wn,  so  dominated  the  t.udeTn 
te  Ln.ted  States  that  little  attention  was  m 

fonnany  years  to  the  operations  of  trSh 

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672        A   HISTORY    OF    fillORT-HORN   CATTLE. 

Early  importations  into  Ontario.  -Although 
Canada  was  linked  with  the  mother-land  by 
many  ties  of  blood  and  interest  and  numbered 
in  her  rural  population  many  farmers  of  Scot- 
tish birth,  the  Dominion's  interest  in  the  North- 
Country  cattle  did  not  manifest  itself  in  any 
appreciable  degree  until  after  the  great  revival 
of  breeding  in  North  America  that  set  in  after 
the  close  of  the  Civil  War  in  the  States. 

During  the  period  extending  from  1854  to 
1861  Geo.  and  Wm.  Miller  and  Simon  Beattie 
made  several  importations  from  the  herd  of 
Robert  Syme  of  Red  Kirk,  Dumfrieshire.  This 
was  a  sound  old  stock  of  good  local  repute  in 
the  south  of  Scotland,  and  some  of  the  most 
useful  of  the  Canadian  families  of  Short-horns 
trace  their  descent  from  these  purchases.  A 
very  noted  bull  of  Geo.  Miller's  importation 
was  Prince  of  Wales  50100,  a  showy  roan  that 
was  exhibited  extensively  in  Canada  and  the 
State  of  New  York  without  meeting  defeat. 
Mr.  William  Miller  of  Pickering,  Ontario,  im- 
ported cattle  of  Syme's  breeding  about  the  same 
dates;  some  of  the  original  selections  being 
made  by  his  son,  Mr.  Wm.  Miller  (later  of  Lake- 
side Farm,  Iowa),  then  a  young  man  making 
his  first  tour  of  the  old-country  herds  and  flocks. 
In  the  William  Miller  lot  was  the  bull  Red  Kirk 
(15138),  a  fine  roan  of  medium  size  that  was 
sold  for  service  in  the  State  of  New  York.    Mr. 


'!«-i|. 


RISE   OF   SCOTCH   POWER   IN   AMERICA.       673 

Miller  describes  the  Eoil  Kirk  heifers  of  that 
ay  as  among  the  best  to  be  found  in  all  Britain. 
In  ISomessrs.  Armstrongof  Markham  brought 
out  the  hght-roan  bull  Pawkes  (14539).  of  Red 
Knk  breeding  a  remarkably  thick-tieshed,  sub- 
s  antial  bull  that  proved  a  grand  gette  .    In 
856  Mr.  Geo.   Roddick    of  Coburg  imported 
from  the  herd  of  Mark  Stewart,  louthwfck 
near  Dumfries,  the  heifer  Nonpareil  6th  in  calf 
to  Lord  Raglan  (13244)  and  the  young  bulls 
Bnlhant  by  Baron  of  Ravensworth  (7811)  and 
Pnnce  Chariie  by  Lord  Raglan.     In  1861  S  mon 
Beattie  impoited  three  heifers  and  two  bulls  of 
the  Red  Ivirk  blood,  and  in  1869  Wm.  Miller  of 

heifer  Ruberta-bred  by  Messrs.  Game  of  Broad- 
moor, Gloucestershire,  England-that  had  a 
jcessful  career  at  the  leading  Western  fairs 
of  Hie  early  "seventies."*   Along  with  Ruberta 

•  Jhre\'r„','  tare"'"""""  ""'^"^"■"» '«» o.^  ,„„  ^,„,^ 

*.  wuie  bull  Yo„„s  FaSer  W     S^  J",;™,  ""  ''™'  ""  "«""•  "<■ 

W  CI,er,T  were  both  roa™  from  aM?L  „,  ,  '°  S.  """  ^»"'-  "»""■ 
1«. .«  .he  ,„rmer  save  rl„ra  ,.Ur.hlf  .?r^'?»  °'  '">"'"'™'*'- 
■I"  al  Bow  PaM  and  el.ewhere    I„T«™     ^"^n-ra  became  very  pop. 

l»B0Ma,l„„  et  tour  bulls  sL  to  ^^T  '''"«'»"»B  »"  ot  there  wa,  an 
A«*.lt>,ral  socle"   Ihree  o,  wh^l"'  >«!»  ""^o  <>'  ".e  New  BruMwIok 

1. ms Balph  WMe s^o? p"rt H0^'?,„r'r  """ ""'^ °'  ""■■  "Mherell. 
^^  e  =r.  oi  Port  Hope,  Ont.,  imported  the  roiia  cow.  Ade- 


074 


A    HISTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


■t  I 


came  the  heifer  Gola  and  bull  Fawsley  Chief 
10051,  both  of  Torr's  breeding. 

Notwithstanding  these  investments  in  Scotch 
stock  the  English  type  of  Short-horns  con- 
tinued to  have  the  call  in  Canada,  as  well  as  on 
this  side  of  the  border,  for  many  years  follow- 
ing the  Syme  importations  mentioned.     Direct 


line,  Clarentlne,  Fisher  Roiin  and  Snowdrop,  and  the  bull  American  Belled 
Will  (12394),  mainly  of  Ralno's  breeding.  Some  years  later  Mr.  Wade  also 
Imported  a  white  cow,  Newhani  LPy,  bred  by  Mason  Hopper  from  Belle 
ville  (ti778).  and  the  roan  bull  Sir  Charles  Napier  (13712),  of  same  breeding 

From  1854  to  1856  F.  W.  Stone  of  Moreton  Lodge,  Giielph,  Ont.,  made  six 
Importations,  aggrefiating  about  thirty-four  head.  Mr.  Stone's  purchases 
were  made  from  some  of  the  most  noted  herds  of  the  time  In  England,  in- 
cluding those  of  Jonas  Webb,  J.  S.  Tanqueray.  E.  Bowly,  Col.  Klngacote,  H. 
Ambler,  etc.  Included  In  these  shipnents  were  the  bulls  John  o'  Gaunt  2d 
(13089),  Friar  John  (12905)  and  the  11th  and  13th  Dukes  of  Oxford,  the  latter 
sired  by  the  Bates  bull  «th  Duke  of  Oxford  (127(55),  but  not  tracing  to  that 
tribe  on  dam's  side.  Among  the  cows  was  the  roan  Margaret,  by  Snowball 
8602,  of  Bowly's  breeding,  that  gave  rise  to  a  numerous  family  bearing  her 
name;  also  a  pair  of  Sansparell  heifers,  Isabella  (Booth),  from  Bolden's, 
and  the  roan  Eugenie,  from  Ambler's,  sired  by  Imp.  Grand  Turk  (129()9). 
These  selections  proved  very  valuable  to  the  cattle  Interests  of  CanaU,, 
and  Mr.  Stone  made  further  large  Importations  from  England  from  1870  to 
187B. 

In  181)0  Dr.  G.  H.  Phillips  of  Prescott  Imported  five  heifers  and  two  bulls 
from  Ireland,  one  of  the  latter  being  Master  McHale  5943,  all  of  Booth 
blood.  In  18(58  tlie  Quebec  Agricultural  Society  brought  out  the  two  heifcru 
Statesman's  Daughter  2d  and  Princess,  bred  by  J.  Harward  of  WlntcrfoUi. 
and  the  bull  Oxford  Gwynne  12561,  bred  by  Chas.  Howard  of  Blddenhain. 

In  1871  John  Sni'll&  Sons  of  Edmonton  Imported  the  roan  bull  British 
Baron  13557,  bred  by  Col.  Towneley,  and  in  1874  the  Booth  bred  Knight  of 
the  Rose  2304(5.  In  August,  1871,  R.J.  Stanton  of  Thornhlll  Imported  iivo 
heifers  from  the  herd  of  Mr.  Fawkes  of  Parneley  Hall,  and  the  bull  Baron 
Mild  Eyes  from  the  herd  of  Col.  Gunter.  A  second  shipment  was  made  by 
Mr.  Stanton  In  1874  of  three  heifers  from  the  Scotch  herds  of  Messrs.  0. 
Whyte,  J.  Gordon  and  R.  Binnle. 

Jno.  R.  Cr;iig  of  Edmonton  Imported  in  1874  the  red  heifer  Euphemiaand 
heifer  calf,  bred  by  R.  Stratton ;  the  cow  Lady  LeMoor,  bred  by  T.  Maynard, 
and  the  roan  heifer  Waterloo  J.,  bred  by  Sir  W.  C.  Trovelyan  of  Nortliuii:- 
berland.  In  1881  Mr.  Craig  received  from  the  famoixs  herd  of  Lord  Polworlh 
of  Mertoun  House,  St.  Boswell's,  eleven  heifers  and  seven  bulls,  all  Booth- 
topped. 

Between  1874  and  1877  Mr.  Jno.  Hope  Imported  for  account  of  Hon.  Goo. 
Brown  of  Bow  Park  a  large  number  of  English-bred  cattle,  mainly  of  Batos 


TLE. 

fsley  Chief 

s  ill  Scotcli 
lorns  con- 
!  well  as  on 
irs  follow- 
ed.    Direct 

American  Belled 
?r  Mr.  Wade  aiao 
)pper  from  Belle 
ai  Huiiie  breeding 
ih,  Ont.,  made  six 
tone's  purchases 
le  in  England,  in- 
)ol.  Klngscote,  H. 
1  John  o'  Gaunt  2d 
Oxford,  the  latter 
ot  tracing  to  that 
aret,  by  Snowball 
imily  bearing-  lier 
i).  from  Bolden'H, 
•and  Turk  (ly.WD). 
jrests  of  CanaU,', 
land  from  1870  to 

era  and  two  buUn 
943,  all  of  Booth 
It  the  two  heifern 
ird  of  Wlnterfoltl. 
i  of  Blddenhain. 
roan  bull  British 
th  bred  Knight  of 
liUl  imported  live 
id  the  bull  Baron 
ent  was  made  by 
srda  of  Messrs.  J. 

fer  Eupheiniaami 
ed  by  T.May nard, 
lyan  of  Nortlnm:- 
of  Lord  Polworlh 
u  bulls,  all  Booth- 

lount  of  Hon.  Geo. 
le,  mainly  of  Bat  I's 


RISE   OF   SCOTCH   POWER   IN    AMERICA.        675 

importations  from  England  to  Ontario  were 
supplemented  by  purchases  of  stock  of  Endish 
descent  m.tde  in  the  States 

The  landing  of  Baron  Booth  of  Lancaster  and 
liosedale  on  Canadian  soil  by  Mr  Cochrane  in 
1«67,  followed  by  their  sale  and  triumphant 

A.ssoelatlon,  reference  to  whicrism-Ji«  o  ^f^*^^  ^'"''  ^^'''"  ^tock 

tions.  chiefly  of  ...e:2ZTor^tZZ  Ssh  he;dr  ^  '^^^^^  ^'""°"^- 

culture  Of  Halifax,  Nova  Scotia  ^  ^^°*''*^  ^^^'"'^  °^  ^gri- 

uuentsuccesseslttLjllfh  Jw"^^^^^^^ 

and  other  noted  prize  winners  glvehrmn,!         "  ^?^*  *^°"*^  Milllcent 

Rose  and  the  yourg-  bull  Brltlsi^  H^rn  lm!^^    k  ''f"^^*'*'^  Shei-ift  Hutton 

rantous  Sir  Arthur'n^^LT  JL)   In  iSti ^e^e^vel  Iro'mr^''^"'  ''  '""' 
the  eows  Snowdrop  and  Fame  2d.  recelvea  from  the  same  source 

Between  1870  and  1881  Messrs.  J.  &  r  Hunter  of  a  im-.   .  „  . 
portations  of  Booth-bred  cattle  f rom  Vhe  Ss  o    Hue'h  A   ,      several  im- 

.iozS  Sf:rs%ro7„xr.irorHSb?f  ^"  r-^^^*'''^'  ^^"--^^^  -  ^-"- 

.uu  i^ui-iieases  /8ti.  and  ,15th,  bred  by  R.  E  Oliver  nf  (a>.rvioK„„i 
Loa.e,  and  the  roan  Bates  Duchess  bull  5th  Duke  of  ^re.'nter  S    i^ 


,£S,.:j.k  I 


I 


676 


A   HISTORY    OP   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


■'iff 

m 


a* 


career  in  the  show-yards  of  the  West,  forecasted 
trade  possibilities  which  the  Dominion  breed- 
ers were  quick  to  grasp.  The  commandinj^' 
position  assumed  at  once  by  Hillhurst  has  al- 
ready been  indicated,  and  while  Mr.  Cochrane 
was  operating  in  the  deep  waters  of  the  Bates 
and  Booth  speculation  certain  of  his  contem- 
poraries in  the  province  of  Ontario  were  quietly 
sowing  the  seed  which  was  in  time  to  work  a 
revolution  in  the  Short-horn  standards  of  two 
continents. 

First  Sittyton  cattle  in  Canada.— The  earli- 
est importation  into  Canada  from  Sittyton  of 
which  we  find  record  was  a  small  shipment 
made  in  1859  or  1860  by  Mr.  Neil  McGillivray 
of  Williamstown,  consisting  of  the  red  cow 
Honesty,  by  Procurator  (10657)  out  of  Fidelity 
by  Prince  Edward  Fairfax;  her  red  bull  calf 
Baronet,  sired  by  The  Baron  (13833);  the  roan 
cow  Model,  by  Matadore  (11800)  out  of  Bru- 
nette by  Prince  Edward  Fairfax;  and  the  roan 
bull  Royal  George  (16866),  by  Maste.  Jutterfly 
2d  (14918)  out  of  Princess  Mary  by  The  Baron. 
These  were  accompanied  by  the  roan  heifer 
Nina,  of  Mark  Stewart's  breeding,  and  a  roan 
heifer  called  Souvenir,  bred  by  J.  Grundy  of 
The  Dales,  near  Manchester,  England. 

In  the  year  1867  Geo.  Isaac,  a  Scotchman 
who  had  settled  in  Canada  in  1842,  began  im- 
porting stock  from  the  herd  of  his  brother-in- 


RISE   OP   SCOTCH   POWER   IN   AMERICA.        677 

law,  Mr.   Campbell  of    KiiiellMv.    Mr.   Isaac's 
original  importation  consisted  of  the  two  red 
yearling  heifers  Isabella  and  Margaret  3d  both 
sired  by  Diphthong  3d  (21547),  and  the  bull  calf 
Prince  Charlie  (27123).    This  shipment  was  fol- 
lowed three  years  later  by  a  larger  one  from  the 
same  source,  which  was  destined  to  have  a 
marked  influence  upon  the  American  trade    It 
consisted  of  seven  heifers  and  the  two  yearling 
bulls  Statesman  15539,  a  red  roan  of  the  Non- 
pareil   sort,  and  Wellington    15692.     Among 
the  heifers  were  Golden    Drop  2d   (carrying 
Golden  Drop  3d  by  Sir  Christopher),  Miss  Kams- 
den  3d  (carrying  Miss  Ramsden  4th),  and  Bloom 
3d,  in  calf  to  Sir  Christopher  (22895).    This  was 
the  first  of  the  celebrated  Golden  Drop  family 
brought  to  America,  and  the  subsequent  career 
of  that  excellent  Kinellar  tribe  in  the  West 
contributed    largely  to   building   the    Scotch 
Short-horn   fame  on  this  side    the  Atlantic, 
hi  1872  Mr.  Isaac  supplemented  his  previous 
importations  from  Kinellar  by  the  purchase  of 
a  half-dozen  females  of  Mr.  Campbell's  breed- 
ing, together  with  the  roan  bull  Inkermann 
26863.     In  1874  George  Isaac's  son  John,  of 
Bowmanton,  commenced  his  long  series  of  im- 
portations of  Kinellar-bred  cattle. 

In  1870  Mr.  John  S.  Armstrong  of  Guelph 
began  with  cattle  drawn  from  the  herd  of  the 
late  Mr.  Marr  of  Uppermill.    The  initial  im- 


11 


it 


im 


M.MI 


? 

* 

678        A   HISTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN    CATTLE. 

poitiition  consisted  of  four  red  two-year-old 
heifers,  one  of  which,  Missie  23d,  belonged  to  a 
tribe  now  holding  high  rank  on  both  sides  the 
Atlantic.  In  1871  Mr.  Armstrong  imported  a 
red  yearling  heifer  of  Mr.  Cruickshank's  breed- 
ing—Lady Florence,  tracing  to  Picotee— and  a 
red  yearling  heifer.  Golden  Bracelet,  from  Mr. 
Duthie's,  a  granddaughter  of  Velvet  by  Cham- 
pion of  England.  In  1873  Mr.  Armstrong  made 
a  large  shipment,  mainly  from  Uppermill,  a 
number  of  which  were  sired  by  Heir  of  English- 
man (24122).  These  cattle  met  with  a  favor- 
able reception  at  the  hands  of  the  Ontario 
farmers,  and  in  1876  Mr.  Armstrong  made  a 
further  importation  from  the  herd  of  Mr.  Marr. 
The  Athelstane  blood.— One  of  the  most 
valuable  importations  that  ever  crossed  the 
Atlantic  was  that  made  by  Hon.  David  Christie 
of  Paris,  Ontario,  in  August,  1864,  from  the  far- 
famed  herd  of  Douglas  cf  Athelstaneford.  It 
included  the  great  four-year-old  cow  Queen  of 
Athelstane,  got  by  Sir  James  the  Rose  (15290) 
out  of  the  Bates-bred  Playful  by  4th  Duke  of 
York  (10167);  her  yearling  heifer  Princess  of 
Athelstane,  by  Watchman  (17216);  the  roan 
heifer  calf  Crown  Princess  of  Athelstane,  by 
Next  of  Kin  (20405);  the  red  three-year-old 
heifer  Pride  of  Athelstane,  by  Sir  James  the 
Rose  out  of  Lady  of  Athelstane  by  the  prize 
bull  Hymen  (18058);  the  I'ed  six-year-old  Pla- 


RISE   OF   SCOTCH   POWER    IN    AMERICA.        679 

cida,  by  Master  of  Athelstane  (14933),  and  her 
bull  calf  by  Knight  of  Athelstane  (20075)  and 
Queen  of  Athelstane's  roan  bull  calf,  Crown 
Prince  of  Athelstane  (21512).  As  stated  on 
page  649,  these  cattle  represented  some  of  the 
leading  show-yard  celebrities  of  their  time  in 
Great  Britain. 

In  1868  Mr.  Christie  brought  out  from  Eng- 
land the  red-and-white  Booth  bull  Knight  of 
St.  George  8472,  bred  by  Mr.  Carr  of  Yorkshire 
and  sired  by  Prince  of  the  Realm  (22627)  out  of 
Windsor's  Queen  by  Windsor  (14013).     Bred  to 
Crown  Princess  of  Athelstane,  Knight  of  St 
George  sired  Crown  Prince  of  Athelstane  2d 
16o85,  calved  in  1872,  that  was  sold  to  John 
Miller  and  James  T.  Davidson.    The  latter  bred 
him  to  some  of  his  best  Cruickshank  cows,  the 
cross  proving  one  of  the  greatest  "hits"  known 
m  the  American  Short-horn  trade.   The  Scotch 
cattle  bearing  this  cross,  in  the  hands  of  Messrs 
Kissinger,  Wilhoit,  Potts  and  others  in  the  West- 
ern States,  were  distinguished  for  their  consti- 
tution, thrift  and  feeding  quality,  contributing 
some  of  the  most  successful  cattle  ever  pro- 
duced on  this  side  the  Atlantic. 

Cruickshank  cattle  at  the  shows.— Mr 
Joseph  S.  Thompson  of  Mayfield,  Whitby,  On- 
tario, made  an  importation  by  the  ship  Euro- 
pean in  August,  1870,  that  fairiy  entitled  him 
to  the  credit  of  having  first  brought  the  Sitty- 


'm  '1 11 


n  m 


680 


A    HISTORY   OP   hHORT- lORN  CATTLE. 


II 


ton  cattlo  into  that  prominence  whicli  they 
have  ever  since  held  in  this  country.  Ft  was 
this  memora})le  shipment  that  brou^Mit  to  our 
shores  the  red  Champion  of  Enghmd  lieifcis 
Sylvia  (running  through  Lord  Sackville  to  the 
Secret  foundation)  and  Christahel,  tracing  to 
the  Kilmeny  base.  These  two  grand  speciin«Mis 
of  Amos  Cruickshank's  In'oeding  were  shown  jis 
yearlings  at  the  Provincial  fair  held  in  Toronto 
the  year  of  their  importation,  coming  against 
John  M.  Bell's  famous  roan  heifer  Empress, 
tracing  to  the  old  Red  Kirk  stock.  Three  bet- 
ter yearlings  have  probably  never  been  seen  in 
one  American  show-yard,  and  when  the  entries 
from  Sittyton  were  placed  first  and  second 
respectively  the  Cruickshank  cattle  at  once 
acquired  favorable  repute.  They  were  the  first 
specimens  of  that  breeding  exhibited  in  Can- 
ada, and  from  that  time  forward  a  large  con- 
tingent of  Dominion  breeders  never  wavered  in 
their  allegiance  to  the  Sittyton  stock.  The 
heifers  above  mentioned  were  bought  in  the 
fall  of  1870  by  the  late  Simon  Beattie  for  Col. 
Wm.  S.  King  of  Minneapolis,  Minn.,  and  in  the 
Western  States  they  made  many  fast  friends 
for  the  Aberdeenshire  blood.  Sylvia  developed 
into  an  1,800-lb.  cow  of  magnificent  substance 
and  flesh,  inheriting  much  of  the  extraordinuiy 
thickness  and  quality  of  her  sire,  and  at  the 
great  Jacobs  sale  at  West  Liberty,  la.,  in  1875 


RISE  OP  sooTnn  power  in  America.     681 

was  conceded  to  be  the  best  animal  offered 
commandnig  the  long  pi-ice  of  $2.rm.  This' 
therefore,  was  the  real  beginning  of  a  wide- 
si.read  appreciation  of  the  Sittyton  cattle  in 
America  although  it  was  many  years  before 
then-  undoubted  merit  for  practical  purposes 
was  fully  recognized. 

Along  with  Sylvia  and  Christabel  came  the 
Sit.  yton  heifer  Butterfly's  Kose,  the  good  roan 
I'Mter  Minnie's  Annaudale  (bred  by  Currie  of 
Ila  kerston,  near  Edinburgh),  the  Kiuellai-bred 
heifers  Clementina  1st  and  2d,  and  the  roan 
tiiiickshank  Orange  Blossom  bull  Grand  Duke 
0  Orange  {287(i2),  sired  by  Scotland's  Pride  out 
laud '''"'^''      '"'°"  **''  ^y  Ol'ampion  of  Eng- 

Violet's  Forth.-The  enthusiasm  with  which 
the  trmckshank  importation  above  mentioned 
was  received  in  Canada  and  the  West  induced 

f  n';  «°T''r.^  "'"''*  ^  '"^''SW  impoitation 
1 0111  Scotland  the  following  year.  From  Sitty- 
ton he  obtained  one  of  the  best  cows  ever  sired 
by  the  grand  show  bull  Forth,  the  roan  Violet's 
^orth,  then  in  her  sixth  year,  safe  in  calf  to 
U>sar  Augustus.  Mr.  Cruickshank  parted  with 
this  cow  reluctantly,  but  her  subsequent  exhi- 
bition at  the  shows  of  the  Central  West,  follow- 

nLfu,  I  *®  appearance  of  Sylvia  and 
Chustabel,  enhanced  materially  American  ap- 
pieciation  of  his  efforts.    Violet's  Forth  was 


'W  F  S I  r  1 1  > 

il  •■ 


!  M 


t1 


0S2         A    HISTOKY    OK    SIIORT-IIOIIN    (JATTLE. 

sold  to  Williiini  Stewart  of  Franklin  (Irovp,  Til., 
and  produced  the  bull  Champion  of  the  West 
VMu\2,  afterward  .sold  for  $1,000.  Stewart  sold 
the  cow  to  John  Haley  Sjjcars  of  Menard  Co., 
ill.,  one  of  the  great  showmen  of  his  time,  who 
exhibited  her  with  success  at  the  leading  West- 
ern fairs,  selling  her  at  auction  at  nine  years 
old  to  Mrs.  Kimberley  of  Iowa  at  $1,000. 

The  Golden  Drops- Another  grand  Scotch 
cow  brought  out  by  Mr.  Thompson  was  Ciolden 
Drop  1st,  a  red-roan  of  same  age  as  Violet's 
Forth,  bred  by  Mr.  Campbell  of  Kinellar,  and 
sired  by  Prince  of  Worcester  (20597)  out  of 
Golden  Drop  by  Scarlet  Velvet.  Violet's  Forth 
had  decidedly  the  stronger  back  and  loin,  but 
in  other  respects  Golden  Drop  1st  was  her 
equal.  She  passed  into  possession  of  Messrs. 
John  Snell  &  Sons,  Edmonton,  Ont.,  but  like 
Sylvia  and  Violet's  Forth  she  was  sought  by  the 
enterprising  breeders  of  the  West.  At  Snell's 
sale  of  1874  she  was  bought  by  Messrs.  A.  H.  & 
1.  B.  Day  of  Utica,  la.,  owners  of  one  of  the 
most  noted  show  herds  of  the  early  ''seventies," 
at  $1,125,  and  in  their  hands  added  fresh  luster 
to  the  Aberdeenshire  fame  in  the  New  World. 
Her  red-roan  heifer  of  1871,  Golden  Drop  4tli 
by  Sir  Christopher  (22895),  also  imported  by 
Mr.  Thompson,  possessed  much  of  her  mother's 
merit.  She  was  sold  to  Mr.  George  F.  Wastell 
of  Port  Huron,  Mich.    Mr.  Thompson  also  nu- 


RINK    op    srOTcll     iirtii'T.i.     . 

"""    ''OV\KH    rN    AMFFHCA.        OS,*} 

r         III  '"'1'  "y  He  1  VV  vvH  (Jl(ri9y>    \;:i 

Messi-a  Watt ,    ^1!  f  '""^^ess.on  of  the 

btti„ns  that  left  a7,  u-.l  !  •"""  ""'""- 

-cl-and-whito  R4l>e  "  teliTc',r"  "I 
Huntley,  Scotlaiif]    rrnf  i      i       ^  ^-  ^^^"^^  ^^^ 


684 


A   jJISTORY    OF    SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


r 


« 


!    ;.  m 


Breadalbane  (28078),  sired  by  Champion  of  Eng- 
land, from  iSittyton.  In  1872  W.  Thompson  of 
Markham  imported  from  the  Cruickshank  herd 
the  red  heifer  Michigan  Casket,  by  Senator 
(27441)  out  of  Cactus  by  Champion  of  Eng- 
land. 

John  Miller's  first  shipment.— In  August, 
1870,  Mr.  John  Miller  of  Brougham,  son  of  Wil- 
liam Miller  8r.  of  Markham  above  mentioned, 
made  his  first  importation;  bringing  out  the 
roan  Rose  of  Stral  lallan — a  cow  of  great  scale 
and  substance  that  had  been  a  p^  ize-winner  in 
Scotland — bred  by  Lord  Strathallan  of  Perth, 
and  sired  by  Mr.  Cruickshank's  Allan  (21172). 
She  was  in  calf  at  the  time  to  the  Booth  bull 
Prowler  (22662),  and  dropped  to  that  service  the 
red  Lord  Strathallan  17591,  that  developed  ^'nto 
a  handsome  show  bull,  sold  to  Mr.  S.  F.  Lock- 
ridge  of  Grreencastle,  Ind.,  at  12,500  and  winner 
of  a  large  number  of  prizes  and  challenge  cups 
both  in  Canada  and  the  States.*  In  this  same 
importation  were  a  number  of  English-bred 

*  Mr.  Lockrldge  says  of  this  bull:  "  Lord  Strathallan  was  a  nearly  solid 
red,  not  a  dark  red,  but  what  might  be  cUled  a  golden  red,  of  great  scale, 
weighing  in  fair  show  condition  2,400  lbs.,  and  could  easily  have  been  made 
to  weigh  2,500  lbs.  He  was  a  bull  of  great  length,  and,  while  not  remarka- 
bly short  in  the  leg,  was  deep  of  body  and  wide  from  end  to  end,  with 
oblique  shoulders,  well  filled  behind  them,  well-sprung  ribs,  wide  in  the 
chest,  With  the  most  remarkable  development  of  brisket  I  ever  saw  in  a 
bull.  He  was  pood  in  twist  and  thigh,  a  little  light  in  flank,  and  not  so  Ion? 
of  hiy  as  the  rules  oC  proportion  reouire,  perhaps,  but  compensated  for 
that  defect  by  extra  width  at  that  point.  He  had  a  beautiful  head,  set  on  a 
neck  clean  and  small  at  the  throat-latch,  swelling  in  symmetrical  lines  Into 
the  great  chest.  His  horn  was  short  and  flat,  thick  at  tae  base  and  on  ii 
level  with  the  top  of  the  head.    The  carriage  of  the  bull  was  superb.   I  do 


Ill 


TTLE. 

oion  of  Eiig- 
hompson  of 
:shank  herd 
by  Senator 
on  of  Eug- 

In  August, 

son  of  Wil- 

mentioned, 

ing  out  the 

great  scale 

e-winner  in 

n  of  Perth, 

Ian  (21172). 

Booth  bull 

}  service  the 

t^eloped  ^'nto 

S.  F.  Lock- 

and  winner 

bllenp^e  cups 

n  this  same 

]nglish-bred 

waa  a  nearly  solid 
•ed,  of  great  scale, 
ly  have  been  made 
lille  not  remurka- 
1  end  to  end,  with 
r  ribs,  wide  In  thi' 
3t  I  ever  saw  in  a 
nk,  and  not  so  Ion? 
t  compensated  for 
ilful  head,  sei  on  a 
imetrlcal  lines  into 
;ae  base  and  on  a 
waa  superb.   I  do 


WSE   OF   SCOTCH    POWEK    IN    AMERICA.       685 

heifers,  including  tJie  Booth-b.-ed  Gaiety  and 
Madame  Bootli,  both  fi-oin  Killerby  and  ^ot  bv 
Ungade  Major  (21312).  °     ^ 

In  July,  1871.  John  Miller  bronslit  out  nine 
^eifers,  including  Mime  32d,  fvoin  UppermilT 

lom  tl^e  herd  of  T.  Marshall  of  Annan  Scot- 
and.    In  V672  Mr.  Miller  imported  the  Bootl  - 

breldS""'  ''"'"  ^''''"'  "'  ^"^''  ^^'^^'^ 
James  I.  Davidson.-One  of  tlie  earliest  and 
most  consistent  supporters  of  Sittyton  in  Can- 
ada was  Mr.  James  I.  Davidson  of  Balsam,  Oi  - 
taiio.    A  native  of  Aberdeen,  who  emigrated 
to  Canada  in  1842   he  enjoyed  the  peLnal 
f  lendship  and  confidence  of  Mr.  Amos  Cruick- 
shank,  and  after  it  appeared  that  the  Sittyton 
sort  were  winning  their  way  in  America  he  be" 
•■ame  tor  some  years  the  leading  importer  and 

•d2;  fsfin'^'Ti.  ^'T\  '"■'""^'"^  Short-horns 
;il;out  1860  with  a  heifer  by  Fawkes  (14539), 

me„t,  aM  .kill  Of  ll.o  ,c„lp,or  he  co!,,d„  I  o  rt,  1       "»'«»'«'  »■«  "»"■'■ 
linBres.ea  l.la  qualities  u„o„  1,1,  l„n     ,°,.  '°"  '""^'  "<""■  =« 

of  his  blood  lines."      ""'""''^'^  *°  '"^'^  or  less  degrree  to  the  constitution 


Mm 


ill 


(iSO         A    IIISTOKY    OK  SIIOUT-IIOIIN    OATTLK. 

running  on  tlio  dam's  side  to  im|).  Esterville. 
She  proved  a  good  investment.  In  1S()'2  lie 
purchased  from  George  Miller  of  Markham  the 
good  eow  Cherry,  l)y  Prince  of  Wales  (ISO;]!!), 
that  also  did  well.  It  was  not  until  1871  that 
Mr.  Davidson  commenced  importing  direct  from 
Sittyton.^''  In  J  une  of  that  year  Mr.  Jamieson, 
an  Aberdonian  relative— who  was  in  the  em- 
ploy of  Mr.  (Ii'ant  Duif  for  more  than  twenty 
years— selected  and  sliipped  Hve  heifers,  includ- 
ing Oak  Wreath,  a  red  by  Allan  (21172);  Rose 
Blossom,  a  red  by  Senator  (27441);  Matchless 
ITjth,  a  red  by  Cliampion  of  England;  Match- 
less l()th,  a  roan  by  Senator,  and  Water  Witch, 
a  red  by  Scotland's  Pride.  Two  of  these,  Rose 
Blossom  and  Matchless  1 5th,  were  among  the 
best  Cruickshank  heifers  ever  brought  to  this 
country  and  were  sold  to  the  Messrs.  Moffatt. 
The  other  three  were  retained  for  a  time,  but 
after  a  few  years  Oak  Wreath  was  sold  to  Mr. 

♦Just  before  the  dispersion  sale  of  the  famous  herd  of  Grant  Duff  of 
Edeu  was  auuounciHl  In  1853,  Mr.  Diivklson  wrote  to  hlH  friend  and  relative 
Mr.  Jamieson,  Mr.  Duff's  overseer,  for  a  price  on  a  good  yearling  lu'lfcr.  He 
was  advised  that  the  price  would  be  40  guineas.  Instead  of  sending  the 
money  direct,  Mr.  Davidson  forwarded  a  draft  to  a  near  relative,  with  In- 
structions to  procure  and  ship  tlu,'  heifer.  The  recipient  of  the  money, 
however,  took  It  upon  himself  to  deckle  that  the  price  was  too  hifrh  ami 
deternined  to  wait  and  execute  the  order  .-it  the  sale.  In  order  that  Mr. 
Davidson's  agent  mif-'ht  not  make  any  mistake  and  bid  on  the  wrong  ani- 
mal, Jamieson  agreed  to  enter  the  ring  during  the  sale  and  adjust  the  halter 
on  the  heifer  chosen.  The  plan  worked  all  right  until  the  bidding  brgau, 
but  as  the  heifer  was  started  at  50  guineas  and  in  a  few  minutes  was  going 
at  100  guineas,  the  order  was  never  tilled.  This  proved  a  costly  interfer- 
ence with  Mr.  Davidson's  plans,  as  a  grauddauglUor  of  the  heifer  in  Quea- 
tlon  (Venus,  by  Grand  Duke,  Voi.  XI,  E.  H.  B.)  during  the  "boom"  days 
of  the  seventies  commanded  the  great  price  of  |2,30O  at  a  sale  made  by 
Edward  lies  at  Springlield,  111. 


unit 


*^''ltf 


TLK. 

Esterville. 
11  1S()2  li(^ 
,rkluiiii  tli(» 
es  (I8();j(l), 
I  1871  tliiit 
lirect  t'loiii 
,  Jami(3.s()ii, 
in  the  em- 
ail twenty 
ers,  iiiclud- 
172);  Rose 
Matchless 
lid;  Match- 
iter  Witch, 
jhese,  Rose 
among  the 
^ht  to  this 
rs.  Moffatt. 
a,  time,  l)ut 
^okl  to  Mr. 

1  of  Grant  Duff  of 
•lend  and  rulatlve 
marling  h(>lf<'r.  He 
'lid  of  sendliif,'  the 
relative,  with  In- 
snt  of  tlio  money, 
was  too  hlfrli  ami 
[n  order  that  Mr. 
on  tlic  wrong  anl- 
1  adjust  the  lialter 
ihe  bidding  brfjau, 
ilnutea  was  going 
a  costly  interfer- 
,he  heifer  In  ques- 
tho  "boom"  days 
It  a  sale  made  by 


RISE   OF   HOOTOH    POWER    m    AMKH.OA.        687 

Uullow  of  Monroe.  Wis.,  foi-  SSW  aJon..  with 
I  er  htteen  months'  culf  at  $(m.    Wate   Wih 
also  came  to  the  States  at  $7()0  am)      fift 
months'  calf  from  Matchless    B^h  was  soW  to 
C.  Jordan  of  Iowa  at  $000  ^ 

and  in  1874  reoeivpd  t  p  «   ?  i    ^°  Wossoms 

ever  forwarded    ^mn  ^SttyTon'^  '";'™''"* 
twenty   hea.l     Tl  is    tv.     f       ',  «"is,stmg  of 
I.  tiansterred   to    AmpiiV-T 

.-ome  of  the  most  valuable  blood  of  the  Cru  .k 
shank  herd,  and  from  it  have  descended  t  la  1" 
""■"ber  0    the  best  Cruickshank  cirt tie  cm 
Srn"     at"t"^'  'r'^  "^  ^— -d      e 

Mden  Galaxy,  Evening  Star,  ete.,  bSes  the 
l'"l  Framework  (3.1!.C,4).  Soon  after  C/,! 
portatmn  was  landed  Dr.  Noel  of  Nashville 
Tonn.,  v,s,ted  Mr.  Davidson  and  purchased  two 
of  the  S.ttyton  heifers  for  .|1,800,  one  of  which 
«;we  nse  to  the  family  since  known   aT    ,e 

r  n  e  that  Mi.  J.  H.  Kissinger  was  at  the  zenitli 
IM.  career  n,  the  American  show-yard,  and 
1"  18  -he  was  allowed  to  select  some  of  the 
ol  reltl  *'"^^■"P'»■t«tion  for  the  purpose 
"» ■^tiengtheiung  h.sshow  herd  and  theCniick- 


i 


f  i 


!*.  i'fif 


P' 


II   ,; 


'I 

lill' 


"1 


,  ! 


688        A    HISTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN    CATTLE. 

shank  cause  in  the  States;  taking  out  to  the 
West  a  car-load  lot  of  Sittyton-bred  cattle  that 
in  after  years  proved  a  mine  of  wealth  to  the 
breeders,  feeders  and  farmers  of  the  corn  belt. 
It  was  at  this  period  that. Mr.  Davidson  made 
his  fortunate  use  of  Crown  Prince  of  Athel- 
stane  2d  16585  upon  Cruickshank  cows  and 
heifers.  In  1876  Daniel  Cookson  of  Iowa  paid 
$2,500  for  five  calves  sired  by  this  bull.  An- 
other, the  heifer  Rose  of  Sharon  from  imp. 
Rosemary,  was  bought  by  Mr.  Palmer  of  Mis- 
souri at  one  of  Kissinger's  sales  at  $600,  and  won 
championship  honors  at  St.  Louis,  not  meeting 
defeat  at  any  point  on  the  Western  circuit. 
Crown  Prince  of  Athelstane  2d  was  a  prize-win- 
ner himself,  never  having  been  defeated  in  the 
show-ring.  Mr.  Davidson  always  refused  to 
price  him  and  retained  him  in  service  until  his 
death^  which  occurred  at  seven  years  of  age. 
The  extraordinary  success  of  this  Athelstane 
cross  in  the  States  is  referred  to  elsewhere. 

From  1881  to  1887  Mr.  Davidson  had  prac- 
tically a  monopoly  of  the  handling  of  such 
stock  as  Mr.  Cruickshank  could  spare  for  the 
American  trade.  It  would  require  more  space 
than  we  have  here  at  our  command  to  enumer- 
ate even  the  best  of  the  many  massive,  thick- 
fleshed,  wide-bodied,  short-legged  specimens  of 
the  Aberdeenshire  type  transferred  to  the  New 
World  by  Mr.  Davidson  during  the  period  last 


RISE   OF  SCOTCH   POWER   ,N    AMEBICA.        6S9 

named.    Suffice  it  to  say  that  the  leaders  of  tho 

the  States,  such  as  Messrs.  Kissinger   Poft, 
Harris,  Cookson,  Moffatt  and  thrSntemS 
■anes  profited  htrgely  by  the  adn.iraX  oTpor 
tun.ty  presented  by  Mr.  Davidson's  extS 
operations  in  Sittyton  Short-horns 
Hon.  John  Dryden.-It  was  in  July   1871 

iiiooklin,  Ontario,  one  of  the  most  intelli^^ent 
o  al  those  who  have  given  their  adheren  "e  to 
Sliort-horns  in  the  Dominion,  began  bSn^ 
and  importing  cattle  of  the  CrMclfshank  bl„o/ 
In  that  year  he  was  so  fortunate  as  to  secure 

Mimulus"'bv  Oh   ""  '''*fi°"  '''''  "«-  fc-O"' 

shown,  this  red  cow,  as  t  iam  olr^S 

e  Sittv^rt  ''r'"  "'  •^'o^^'^^'  contribuLdt 
e  Sittyton  herd  one  of  its  controlling  forces 

ysi  s/rt  0'""'^ ""  "^^  *'-  r«'   hd^: 
~ld    atb^n     i!'"*"^^?""'"^'  *'><*  roanthree- 

of  Enind    th^  T  "^  *^''2*"-'  ''y  Champion 
01  Jin^iand,  tlie  red  cow  Butterily  15th    hv 

of  Sv  rs;  *'r  -- *'"--~ldt eS 

Vroetbvlord'^r/"^"''"^  ""*   «f    Sweel 
v.oiet  by  Lor    Stanley.    Queen  of  Beauty  cost 

dam  of^b"     "  ^T'"'-    "'«'  •'«'^-™«  the  glut 
Jam  oUhe  show  heifer  Beauty's  Pride,  sold  by 


I' 


I  '; 


,#; 


HISTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 

Mr.  Dryden  as  a  calf  to  Mr.  Kissinger  and  after- 
ward owned  by  L.  Palmer,  at  whose  sale  in 
Chicago  she  brought  in  connection  with  her 
bull  calf  $1,S75. 

Miniulus  produced  one  heifer,  that  was  sold 
to  Messrs.  Potts.  We  are  without  information, 
how^ever,  as  to  her  career.  The  imported  cow 
produced  several  bulls,  however,  all  of  which 
were  exceptionally  good,  the  Ijest  of  them  being 
the  roan  Barmpton  Hero  (324  C.  H.  B.),  by  imp. 
Royal  Barmpton  (45503),  sold  as  a  calf  to  Messrs. 
Watt  of  Canada  and  used  in  their  herd  until 
thirteen  years  old.  He  was  shown  for  many 
years,  gaining  more  than  thirty  pr'  ^es,  and  was 
never  beaten  but  once,  and  then  by  a  bull  that 
he  had  always  defeated  on  every  other  occasion. 
Barmpton  Hero,  it  is  claimed,  has  been  the 
progenitor  of  more  prize  stock  in  Canada  in 
recent  years  than  any  other  bull  of  his  time. 
His  blood  could  be  traced  for  several  genera- 
tions among  the  prize-winners  at  Toronto  and 
other  leading  Dominion  shows  and  is  to  this 
day  a  frequent  subject  of  comment  in  Canada. 
He  inherited  the  robust  constitution  of  his  Sit- 
tyton  ancestors,  a,nd  one  who  examined  him  ut 
twelve  years  of  age  says:  "I  saw  him  shortly 
before  he  went  to  the  butcher,  and  he  was  still 
as  spry  and  active  as  a  kitten." 

Unfortunately  the  other  sons  of  Mimulus  did 
not  have  an  equal  opportunity  for  distinguish- 


f,       .         I; 


HI8E   OF   SCOTCH    POWER    IN   AMERICA.       691 

ing  themselves;  as  tliev  diH  r,r.t        ■  ^     . 
where  they  ecu  d  mlZi      It  ^^  '"*"  •^'^^'^ 
Viewed  in  tr/iKhTof  th«  •^^'''=*'^';.'™Pre«.sion. 

Koyal   Duke  of   Glost    '  r'sTf?';'''""*"*^  "^ 
Bai-mpton  Hem  in  P„      i      .  ^^'*'yton    and  of 

sou  Jof^j;eVt\2r';  :Sstr,  "^  '^ 

Dryden   say    '  "'Co'  T'f  ''"  f^"*  ^r. 
value  of  these  anim!i        ^    'l"""^  *''«  exact 

Lave  passed  thm"gTo„rt:    ""'!^?  "'^''^'^ 
too  late."  ^  "*"''•'  »«*■■  it  was 

«i^rh!iL'S3ttor, ''"^*''» 

terfl/i'D  ,iXriiri*''ii'*  ""*  °^  «"*- 

undoubtedly  the  be  t   '.u      M     nl'T*""  "'^^ 
owned  or  used      hI  Dryden   ever 

i.le  as  a  sire'ttat  ifwIHeTrd  in"';"-^'^'"^- 
1-t  him  in  high  condition  fo.  the   howrn" 
was  nevertheless  succe.ssfully  exhibit^?' 
s-veral  occasions.    He  was  seen  =?  ."P"" 

»arkably  smooth  Xt  "  Te  tl^^  "" 
lie  was  examined  In  «^it»  f  ,  "^  '"'"'<' 
Jition  he  gainedSihoi  in"?l^'1  '^"'■ 
-eiving  nnder  the  rufeTtrsotVrrS 


Ifii 


I 


y*l 


i 


f 
('i 


fH 


1-4 


!! 


1^ 


692 


A  HISTORY  OB^  SHORT-HORN  CATTLE. 


time  three  times  the  amount  of  the  prize 
money  on  account  of  his  being  imported. 
Royal  Barmpton  was  finally  sold  to  Mr.  Jor- 
dan of  Iowa.  In  1880  Mr.  Dryden  bought  from 
Mr.  Cruickshank  the  four  heifers  Sunbeam, Vio- 
let Bud,  Orange  Blossom  30th  and  Barmpton 
Violet,  together  with  the  bulls  Baron  Surmise 
(45983)  and  Lancaster  Royal.  Baron  Surmise 
afterward  became  the  property  of  Col.  C.  A. 
DeGraff  of  Minnesota.  Violet  Bud  was  sold  to 
Mr.  Kissinger,  from  whom  she  was  purchased 
by  Col.  W.  A.  Harris.  In  May,  1881,  Mr.  Dryden 
brought  out  from  Sittyton  the  heifers  Victoria 
69th  (sold  to  Kissinger  and  by  him  to  Col. 
Harris),  Corn  Flower,  Sultana  and  Flora  17tli. 
In  1882  he  imported  Lavender  30th,  Victoria 
72d,  Lavender  Pride  and  the  bulls  Lord  Glamis 
(48192)  and  Aberdeen  Champion  (47313).  In 
1883  the  roan  heifers  Arbutus  and  Lovely  37th 
were  imported. 

Mr.  Dryden  is  known  throughout  Canada  as 
one  of  the  best  farmers  in  the  Dominion,  and 
has  been  called  into  public  life  as  Minister  of 
Agriculture  for  the  Province  of  Ontario.  He 
has  always  maintained  the  position  that  Short- 
horns should  be  bred  for  practical  and  useful 
purposes,  regardless  of  the  whims  and  fancies 
of  fashion.  Believing,  with  others,  that  it  was 
inexpedient  to  endeavor  to  sustain  the  Cruick- 
shank tribes  in  their  purity  for  an  indefinite 


RISE   OF   SCOTCH    POWER   IN   AMERICA.        693 

period  Mr.  Drydeu  wa«  deeply  interests,!  in  Mr 
1-dward  Cruickshank's  experiment  at  Letiienty 

through  the  medium  of  the  Longmore  cows 
reference  to  which  is  made  on  page  668.  Whl,  ' 
therefore,  Edward  Cruickshank  decided  to  g^e 
up  breeding  on  his  own  account  in  1887  Mr 
Dryden  purchased  his  herd  and  imported  it 
nto  Canada.  We  quote  his  own  statement  as 
to  this  herd  as  follows: 

herd-Sussex   bred  Z'^itZ^n     ^"f  ^^^^  somewhat  used  in  my 

m  r^K*  f  ^^'^^  ^"^^  ^°"^^  '^  t^«  Sittyton  cattle        "^ 
Of  the  bulls  obtained  from  Mr.  Cruickshank  three  are  worthv 
of  special  mention.    The  most  attractive  was  Red  EmperorTTllQ 
llf.t7  '"'  '' J^'  °^^  ^^"^*-  ««-  Harmony  by  Prfdeo; 
herd     1.  T?''"^''^  ^''°°^"^  '"  '^«  Goldiefamily  of  Mr.  Marias 
herd.    Red  Emperor  was  sold  to  L.  Miller  of  MaryviUe  Mrand 

to  the'Srr  ?  '^'  '^'''-    ^^^  ^'-'  ^-«  Su^slex!blnging 
to  the  Secret  family,  and  a  very  thick  and  massive  animal     An 

W  C  Edlrrdf  T  '^"^^  ^°^'  ^^^^^^^  -^^  Pioneer  so"d  to  M^." 
WO.  Edwards.    He  was  out  of  one  of  the  Rettie  cows  with  two 

Lrb^^rEXLT'^T'^^^'^"*^^*''^-  H-aTsL-ssfin; 

used  by  Mr.  Edwards  and  was  the  sire  of  several  prize-winning 


a  SLMi 


tm,  oM 


»ff|. 


094 


A    HISTORY    OF   SHORT-HOIIN    CATTLK 


animals.  In  conversation  with  Mr.  Edwards  ti  few  days  a^o  ho 
stated  that  this  was  the  most  successful  bull  he  had  hud  ui)  to 
the  present. 

Of  the  Sittyton  females  at  Lethenty  two  families  are  worthy  of 
special  mention,  namely,  the  Brawith  Buds  headed  by  the  Sitty- 
ton cow  Grizelda,  by  Koyal  Violet.  This  cow  I  had  seen  in  the 
herd  some  years  before  and  she  was  perhaps  the  choice  auinial  at 
that  time.  She  was  an  exceedingly  steady  and  good  breeder. 
Two  of  the  best  that  I  imported  of  that  family'  were  Winterberry, 
sired  by  Cawdor,  used  at  Sittyton,  and  Orange  Flower,  sired  by 
Perfection  out  of  Winterberry.  Orange  Flower  is  still  one  of  the 
herd  at  Maple  Shade.  Both  these  cows  wore  exceptionally  low  lo 
the  ground  and  of  great  breadth  and  splendid  heart  room.  They 
always  deceived  every  one  who  undertook  to  guess  their  weight. 
Some  of  the  other  animals  of  the  herd  which  looked  very  much 
larger  could  not  bring  down  the  scales  near  to  either  of  them.  Of 
the  Jessie  family,  represented  by  the  cow  Roseberry,  bred  at  Sit- 
tyton, the  two  best  cows  were  Brambleberry  and  ilowanberry, 
the  fir.st  by  Perfection  and  the  second  by  Prince  Rufus,  bred  at 
Lethenty  and  sired  by  Perfection.  Brambleberry  was  a  splendid 
cow  of  considerable  scale  and  low  to  the  ground.  Rowanberry 
was  of  greater  scale  and  greater  length. 

Of  the  Rettie  lot  secured  I  have  always  had  a  leaning  for  the 
progeny  of  the  cow  Northern  Belle. 

Arthur  Johnston.— The  importation  in  1874 
of  a  pair  of  Scotch  heifers  in  connection  with 
Mr.  Birrell  constituted  the  first  investment 
made  by  Arthur  Johnston  of  Greenwood  in  im- 
ported Short-horns.  In  1881  he  brought  out 
from  Kent,  England,  the  red  bull  Lewis  Arundel 
46433,  bred  by  Messrs.  Leney  &  Son.  In  1888 
he  imported  the  English-bred  Statira  Duchess 
2d  and  the  Scotch-bred  bulls  Capt.  Errant  and 
Bold  Buccleuch.  In  August,  1884,  he  brought 
out  from  Mr.  Duthie's  the  roan  bull  Eclipse,  hy 
Earl  of  March  (83807),  and  in  October  of  the 
same  year  he  landed  a  large  and  excellent  im- 


aning  for  the 


RISK   OP   HOOTCH    FOWKR    ,N   AMERICA.        Bilf, 

Natllnit         '.  ?',^''"'^''^'''  ''^'f^'s  bred  l,y 
roan  Cru,cl.„auk  VicwZl,  lL£  'S 

Si  "^ rir:  zTn-'  "'"^  -''"''' 

lv^\9A  r     1-     ,,  "   '"'"  Nonparei    Chief 

S  Mnh  ^t  ^"?  '''■  N""Parei!),  sold  to  Co    T 

on.  *"'■  "*  *'"''«»»  imported  the  lieif- 

rcfof  W  Ch  f  •'"'  "'?  ^^'^'  '^1-  f™™    be 
leulot  W.  Chahners  of  Old  What  AberiPPn 

ttn:':"?r  ':"  ."':  ^^"^^'  Highness  28      ; 
fiom  same  herd.    In  1874  W.  Major  of  White 

tie  held  of  James  Currie,  Halkerston    near 
Miiibnrg  1,  followed  in  1875  by  a  shipme„    o 
three  heifers  from  the  herd  of  J.  W.  Phi  lips 
Stafforcslure  England, and  one  from  theBe  ke^ 
ley  Castle  herd  of  Lord  Fitzhardinge 

In  874  Messrs.  Birrell  &  .Johnston  of  Green- 
-.0  brought  out  from  Uppermill  the  dark-roa". 
.yearling  heifer  Alexandrina  6th,  and  from  the 


f: 


■ 

1  ' 

1 

1 

1 
!  f 

'■■ 

r 

■ 

hi', 


■I'ik 


'^m 


(>9()        A    HISTOKY    OF   snORT-HORN   CATTLE. 

luM'd  of  .liiiiH's  Hrnce  of  Huniside  tln»  tod  yoar- 
ling  Priscilla  7Mi.  I)y  Lord  St.  Loojuuds.  a  lialf- 
sister  to  imp.  Duko  of  IMclunoiid  (21525).  In 
1H75  Wiiliiim  Collinu  of  lliiysvillo  iini)ort('d 
Af^'gie  Buckiiij^diJim  and  Airy  Uuckiiigliani,  of 
Ajuos  Crnicksliiink's  brooding;  tho  hoifers  Dor- 
othy and  Visconntoss  2d,  hrod  by  John  Law  of 
Aberdoonsliiro,  and  tho  bull  Liberator,  bred  by 
Robert  Bruce. 

In  1883  Thomas  llussell  of  Exeter  brought 
out  the  lieifors  iJorder  Charm  and  Bordor 
Pride,  of  William  Duthio's  breeding,  along  with 
two  other  heifers  from  the  herds  of  A.  Davidson 
and  John  Johnson,  and  the  red  bull  Loid 
Ythan,  bred  by  Mr.  Duthie  from  the  Cruick- 
shank  bull  Shapinshay  out  of  Lovely  25th.  hi 
May,  1883,  Franois  Green  of  Innerkip  made  an 
important  importation,  including  Mysie  34tli. 
bred  by  A.  Scott  of  Towie  Barclay;  Jewel  Stli, 
Countess  5th  and  Eliza  i)th,  from  Mr.  Duthie's; 
Clematis,  from  Sittyton;  Princess  Royal  28d,  in 
calf  to  Athabasca,  Patchouli,  Clara  40th,  and 
the  bull  Earl  of  Mar  (47815),  of  the  Emma 
tribe,  from  Mr.  Marr's. 

In  1884  Green  Bi-os.  of  Innerkip  impovted 
four  heifers  from  tbe  North  of  S'")1!;iiid  .md 
the  bulls  Enterprise  and  Earl  of  Roseberry 
from  the  herds  of  Messrs,  Duthie  and  Marr  re- 
spectively. Beginning  with  1878  and  continu- 
ii.jj:  until   1882,  Mr.  George  Whitfield  shipped 


ri,R. 
!«m1  yoiir- 

<ls,  il  llillf- 

1525).     Ill 

iigliani,  of 
>it'ers  Dor- 
luj  Law  ()[ 
)r,  bred  by 

ir  brouglit 
1(1  hordor 
iloiig  with 
.  Davidson 
bull  Lord 
lie  Cniick- 
^25tli.  Ill 
p  made  an 
lysie  lUtli. 
Jewel  Stli, 
'.  Dntliie's; 
)yal  28d,  in 
40th,  and 
:he  Emma 

)  impovted 
>i.l;iiid  dnd 
Uoseberi'y 
l1  MaiT  re- 
id  continu- 
dd  shipped 


^ 


If 


RISR    OP    ROOTCfl    POWKU    IN    AMKUICA.        (;<)7 

out  to  his  farm  at  [N)ugoniont,  Qu(d)ec,  some 
itty  head  (,f  Short-honis  from  various  Scotch, 
LiiKlish  aud  Irish  herds.     But  vvhih^  these  rep- 
resiuited  somo  of  the  best  IJritish  l)loo(l,  they 
scarcely  received  tliat  attention  at  Uougemout 
nocessary  to  rende.-  them  of  special  value  to 
AMieru^an  herds.     Tliey  were  finally  scattered 
without  having  loft  much  impress  on  the  trade 
The  lies  importation    into  Illinois.— The 
iinst  direct  imi)ortation  of  Abnrdeenshire  cat- 
tle into  the  Western  States,  with  the  exception 
of  the  pjiir  included  in  the  Illinois  Importing 
Co.s  shipment  of   1S57,  was  selected  by  one 
ot   America's    most  famous   herdsmen,   David 
(a-ant,  for  Mr.  Edward  lies  of  Springfield   III 
in  August,  1874.     Rarely  has  it  ever  fallen  to 
rhe  lot  of  one  man  to  buy  two  such  celebrities 
in  embryo  as  were  developed  from  this  small 
purchase  of  six  head.     There  was  but  one  bull 
in  the  lot,  but  he  proved  a  maker  of  history 
This  was  Duke  of  Richmond  21525,  of  Bruce's 
breeding.    There  was    but    one    Cruickshank 
heifer  in  the   lot-Orange  Blossom   18th,  l)y 
Viceroy  (32704)  out  of  Orange  Blossom  14th  by 
Knight  of  the  Whistle  (26558);   second  dam 

(JJoJo).  Both  of  these  animals  were  yearlings 
at  the  time  of  their  importation.  Both  were 
sold  to  J.  II.  Kissinger;  the  Duke  at  tlie  Ameri- 
can record  price  of  $4,500  for  a  Scotch  bull  and 


t'   I  -M 


u  yf?'^ 


698         \   HISTORY    OP   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 

the  heifer  at  $2,500.  The  latter  was  bought 
later  on  by  Mrs.  Kiml)erly  of  Iowa  at  the  record 
price  for  a  Scotch  female  of  $3,500.  It  thus  ap- 
pears that  these  two  yearlings  reached  a  com- 
bined value  of  $8,000. 

Concerning  Orange  Blossom  18th  Mr.  Kissin- 
ger says:  "She  was  a  great  heifer,  a  splendid 
specimen  of  her  noble  race;  a  very  short- 
legged,  thick,  hoavy-fleshed  animal,  such  as  it 
was  my  delight  to  handle.  I  considered  her  one 
of  the  best  heifers  that  ever  crossed  the  waters 
or  was  ever  bred  by  that  grand  old  man- 
Amos  Cruickshank."* 

In  the  herd  of  J.  H.  Potts  &  Son  the  Duke  of 
Richmond  scored  such  a  success  both  as  a  sire 
and  show  bull  that  he  is  generally  credited 
with  having  contributed  as  much  toward  mak- 
ing the  reputation  of  Scotch  siies  in  America 
as  any  other  one  animal  ever  imported. 

In  addition  to  the  celebrated  animals  named 
Mr.  lies  imported  Missie  40th  from  Uppermill 
and  the  heifers  Flora  3d,  Flora  7th  and  Flora 

♦Orange  Blossom  18th  undoubtedly  owed  her  extraordinary  merit  very 
largely  to  her  sire,  Viceroy,  that  was  got  by  Champion  of  England  out  of 
the  great  show  cow  Violet's  Forth.  The  bull  Knight  of  the  Whistle  that 
sired  her  dam  was  a  roan,  bred  by  Mr.  Poljambe  of  Osbertou  Hall,  and  got 
by  the  Booth  bull  Knight  of  the  Garter  (230C2).  It  will  be  noted  that  thb 
second  dam  was  sired  by  the  Booth  bull  Prince  Imperial  (22595).  Notwith- 
standing this  fact,  Mr.  Cruickshik  always  claimed  that  his  herd  never 
received  the  benefit  ho  had  anticipated  from  the  Booth  blood.  His  experi- 
ence with  Bates  blood,  as  it  came  in  through  cows  purchased  for  the  herd, 
did  not  Induce  him  to  place  a  very  high  estimate  upon  that  for  his  pur- 
poses. As  we  must  accept  his  judgment  upon  both  of  these  points— so  far 
as  it  applies  to  his  own  work— arrived  at  after  careful  trial,  it  seems  clear 
that  O"  luge  Blossom  18th  derived  ber  excellence  from  her  sire's  side  of 
the  house. 


TLE. 

as  bought 
the  record 
[t  thus  ap- 
led  a  com- 

ir.  Kissin- 
1  splendid 
3ry  short- 
such  as  it 
ed  her  one 
the  waters 
•Id  man — 

le  Duke  of 
h  as  a  sire 
y  credited 
vard  niak- 
Q  America 
ed. 

als  named 
Uppermill 
and  Flora 

nary  merit  very 
England  out  of 
he  Whistle  that 
Dn  Hall,  and  sot 
)  noted  that  thb 
!25y5).  Notwith- 
his  herd  never 
od.  His  experl- 
ied  for  the  henl, 
hat  for  his  pur- 
le  points— so  far 
1,  It  seems  clear 
er  sire's  side  of 


RISE  OF    SCOTCH    POWER  W   AMERICA.       f,i)!) 

SiS"  ''  '■  '■'"■"""'  •^■'""^  '^^'  Aber- 

Robert  Milne  of  Kelvin  Grove.-Followi„>, 
the  lies  importation  tli-re  <-,mp  hL  '^""°"'"S 
fi-nm  «;<■<■„;  <-dme  the  same  year 

horn  Sittyton  a  carefuily-chosen  and  evceed 
mg  y  valuable  lot,  consisting  of  seven  ieZt 
and  one  „„11,  selected  just  at  the  right  ime  to 

T^l::^T  "^,  *'-  CruickshirS 
inegieatAberdeenshu-e  herd  was  then  neor 
■ng  Its  penod  of  highest  excellence.    M.   51^1" 
was  a  native  Aberdonian   who   enjoyed     L 
fnendship  and  respect  of  Mr.  CruickSk  and 
^erecan  be  no  doubt  that  he  secured  t'   hi 

one  nf  fl  •        '  "'"-"y  ^'^'■■''''  ■"  fe«t.  he  was 

h„?f      «K      ?  '^™°'  Cruickshank,  he   held 
that  the  Short-horn's  chief  mission  was  to  con 
>'ert  tlje  ordinary  foodstuffs  of  the  fa nn  into 
pnme  beef  at  a  profit  to  his  owner    Substance 

~tr  •  "'tr '".^^^^^  -'*  '^^^^ 
Zm      fu         .""'  '^<Jn»™hle  selection  from 

toward  furnishing  Mr  Milnp  wif>,  of       j  /• 
stock  thnf  .1.^  il  '^^•^^^^^"®  with  a  foundation 
^stod^  that  should  represent  the  best  Sittyton 


a 


700        A  HISTORY  OP   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 

The  bull  selected  was  the  red  Viscount  18507, 
calved  in  1872,  and  sired  by  Lord  Lansdowne 
(29128)  out  of  the  good  cow  Red  Violet  by 
Allan  (21272);  second  dam  the  famous  Violet 
by  Lord  Bathiirst  (13173).  Lord  Lansdowno 
was  by  Ceesar  Augustus,  descending  on  the 
dam's  side  through  the  Lovelys.  Viscount's 
development  exceeded  Mr.  Milne's  most  san- 
guine expectations.  He  matured  into  a  bull  of 
extraordinary  breadth  of  body  and  depth  of 
tlesh.  Indeed  it  is  doubtful  if  a  better  sire  has 
been  known  in  Western  Short-horn  herds;  his 
get  inheriting  his  substance  and  capacity  for 
laying  on  flesh  even  to  the  second  and  third 
generations;  his  daughters  and  granddaughters 
in  the  herds  of  Messrs.  Milne,  Aldrich  of  Tis- 
kilwa,  and  Cummings  of  Buda  possessing  great 
scale  and  thickness  and  were  frequently  heavy 
milkers. 

The  females  of  this  importation  were  as  fol- 
lows :  The  roan  Butterfly  34th ;  the  red  Butter- 
fly 37th,  by  Champion  of  England;  the  roan 
Corianda,  out  of  the  great  Carmine  Rose  by 
Champion  of  England;  the  red  Secrecy,  by  the 
greatest  son  of  Champion  of  England— Grand 
Duke  of  Gloster  (26288);  the  red  Bridal  Flower, 
by  Scotland's  Pride  out  of  Bride  Elect  by  Lord 
Raglan;  the  red  Glitter,  out  of  a  Brawith  Bud 
cow  by  Champion  of  England,  and  the  roiin 
Autumn  Flower,  out  of  Autumn  Leaf  by  Cham- 


)iint  18507, 
jansdowue 

Violet  bv 
ous  Violet 
^ansclowiie 
:ig  on  the 
Viscount's 

most  siiii- 
toabull  of 
1  depth  of 
ber  sire  has 

herds;  his 
ipacity  for 

and  third 
d  daughters 
ich  of  Tis- 
ssing  great 
sntly  heavy 

vere  as  fol- 
red  Butter- 
1;  the  roan 
e  Rose  by 
•ecy,  by  the 
ind— Grand 
dal  Flower. 
3ct  by  Lord 
irawith  Bud 
id  the  roan 
if  by  Cham- 


RI8E   OF   SCOTCH    POWER    IN    AMERICA.        701 

Pion  of  Eiigland.    Mr.  Crnickshank  must  have 
parted  with  this  richly-bred  consignment  with 

stitkToV;:  "''""''  '"*  '^  ^^^^--^^^  -  bet  - 
n  h.  "'""'  '"  ^""^  '''  building  up  Ameri- 

can tiade  was  concerned,  than  when  he  for- 
warded these  to  Illinois.  Many  of  the  best 
sl.ow  and  breeding  cattle  of  the' past  twenty 
years  in  this  country  have  carried  the  blood  of 
this  Kobert  Milne  importation 

Lowman  and  Smiths'  importations.-Rank- 
ing  well  up  with  the  Robert  Milne  purchases 
;u.d  exceeding  the  Kelvin  Grove  lc>t  inTrnb  r  ' 

n  .  e  by  Mr.  Davis  Lowman  and  Messrs  Smith 
otToulonlll  inl875andl876holdapS^^ 
Western  Short-horn  history  second  to  few  other 
importations  of  the  century  The  fi.-sf  Inf 
v.,nght  out  in  June.  1,S75,  f„cl„Z,  t  f  r  ^^ 
Lovely  18  h,  the  red  Butte.fiys  45tl,  and  40th 
IS     .!;■  ^'■"'^*^^'^a"'".s,  and  Missie  35th,Gokly 

V    W      ^,l^f'^3''  f'-o™  Mr.  Marr's,  beside 
.eiadine  7th    bred  by  J.  Cochrane  of  Little 
I'uU  0     Mr  A.  J.  Dunlap  of  Galesburg,  111 
t"^^)    r'^'fr*^  f  «'-'^l"and  I3ntterfly46tl^ 
!'f  •  V':^*^' l^^^'y^J  ««««'■«•  I^iekrell  gave 

nil  ";f'''"^^"'«'«'«oMie  18th  were  sold 
o.ohn  Bond  Abingdon,  111.    The  shipment  of 
.S<(.  included  Orange  Blossom  25th  from  Sitty- 
tou,  that  was  sold  to  L.  Hanna  of  Waveland 


:i  B'i|! 


■I       1     )  ts 


702         A    IIISTOIIY    OK    SlIOIiT-HOKN    CATTl^K. 

Ind.,  for  $705,  and  afterward  })ocanie  the  prop- 
erty of  Aaron  Pkimley  of  VV<'st  Ijiberty,  lu. 
Thero  also  caino  out  on  the  same  sliip,  as  the 
individual  property  of  Mr.  Lowniiiii,  a  roan 
heifer  known  as  Victoria  5lst,  bred  at  Sittyton 
and  sired  by  Jloyal  Duke  of  Gh)ster  (21)()S4)  out 
of  a  daughter  of  Victoria  31)th  by  Champion  of 
Enghmd.  This  heifer  was  sold  soon  aftei-  im- 
portation to  Mr.  Verry  Aldrich  of  Tiskihva,  111.. 
for  $()00,  and  became  the  ancesti-(^ss  of  one  of 
the  best  families  of  Cruickshank  cattle  of  which 
there  is  record  in  this  country.  Her  daughters 
and  granddaughters  were  grand,  big,  massive 
cows,  with  wondei-ful  backs,  great  depth,  re- 
markable wealth  of  tlesh,  and  were  frequently 
fine  milkers.  One  branch  of  this  family  passed 
into  the  possession  of  Messrs.  Cummings,  ihidn, 
111.,  and  later  acquired  great  reputation  in  the 
herds  of  Messrs.  Sanger  of  Waukesha,  Wis..  (V)!. 
W.  A.  Harris  of  Linwood  and  C.  B.  Dustin  of 
Summer  Hill,  HI.  The  champion  show  cow 
Victoria  of  Hickory  Park,  of  this  line,  was  one 
of  the  finest  types  of  finish,  flesh  and  substance 
ever  seen  in  Western  shows.  She  died  a  few 
years  since,  the  property  of  Messrs.  Dustin. 
This  shipment  was  also  remarkable  as  includ- 
ing the  good  breeding  cow  Emma  3d,  of  Upper- 
mill  breeding,  that  was  bought  by  Messrs.  Potts 
for  $700.  In  their  possession  she  lived  to  an  ad- 
vanced age,  giving  birth  to   many  high-class 


f^l 


ATTLE. 

me  the  prop- 
Liberty,  la. 
}  ship,  as  tiie 
iijin,  51  rojin 
il  at  Sittyton 
V  (21)()S4)  out 
Uhainpiou  of 
oil  after  iin- 
riskihva,  ill., 
ress  of  one  of 
ittle  of  which 
ev  daughters 
bi^',  uiiissive 
at  depth,  rc- 
re  frequently 
taniily  passed 
iniings,  Jhida, 
itation  in  the 
^ha,  Wis.,  Col 
B.  Dnstin  of 
n  sliow  cow 
line,  was  one 
^nd  substance 
e  died  a  few 
;ssrs.  Du still. 
)le  as  inclml- 
3d,  of  Upper- 
Messrs.  Potts 
ived  toanad- 
ny  high-class 


FUSE    OF   SOOTCII    POWER    IN    AMERIOA. 


708 


animals  among  others  the  ndebrated  twin  show 
lK'.ersEmn;a4thandI^]ninia5th.   Missies, 
of  Mr.Marrs  breedin^r,  ^tnd  Sybil  18th,  from 
hittyton,  were  also  of  this  lot 
Scotch  success  at  the  shows.-Col.  William 
.King  had  given  the  Western  States  an  ink- 
lig' as  to  the  superior  tiesh  and  substance  of 
te  Scotch  type  of  cattle,  and  J.  fl.  Kissinger 
0  Missouri,  Messrs.  Day  of  Iowa,  and  some  of 
their  conteinporaries  had  ca,rried  the  demon- 
stration of  their  feeding  (luality  to  a  convinc- 
iiigconclusion.     About  1877  the  Herefords  were 
pi-(^ing  hard    for   recognition    at    the  great 
M.onal  shows,  and  those  who  bore  the  brunt 
of  the   assault  in   behalf  of  the   Short-horns 
found  m  the  North  Country  tribes  a  class  of 
cattle  that  had  the  constitution  to  withstand 
lioavy  feeding,  and  that  possessed  the  requisite 
'iipitnty  for  taking  on  flesh  at  an  early  age 

Potts  and  the  Duke  of  Richmond.-Fore- 

■iiost  iimong  those  who  contested  every  inch  of 

10  Here Oi-d  advance  of  that  period  stood  John 

T  P  ^^r'/^^,^^''^^^^^^^  Farm,  Jacksonville, 

L  .    \  ^'''^  '"^'^^  ^   ^^^^^6«*  l)eginningin 

^<"S  by  the  purchase  of  the  cow  Belle  More- 

'i'<l  traciiig  on  the  dam's  side  to  imp.  Amelia 

}  Hato.    She  carried  a  cross  of  the  blood  of 

tlie  binders  importation  of  1817,  and,  although 

^ow  of  great  individual  merit,  was  purchased 

^'t  the  low  price  of  |95.  Within  six  years  $[  800 


lipifn 

~  III 

f 

I 


fill   if  I 


* 

.'I 


II  f-. 


704 


A    HISTORY    OF   SHORT-HORN    CATTLE. 


worth  of  her  desrendcints  had  been  sold.  Mr. 
Potts  had  the  good  fortune  early  in  his  career 
to  secure  the  valuable  show  and  breeding  bull 
Master  Geneva  203G8,  bred  in  Kentucky  and 
sired  by  Prince  Geneva,  of  Ben  Bedford's  Des- 
demona  blood,  out  of  the  White  Hose  cow  Fan- 
nie 2d  by  Stonewall  Jackson  12*.)88.  An 
illustration  of  this  bull  appears  in  Vol.  XIV  of 
the  American  Herd  Book.  He  was  a  red  weigh- 
ing in  show  condition  2,500  lbs.,  and  it  was  with 
a  herd  headed  by  him  that  Messrs,  Potts  tirst 
engaged  in  the  show  business;  their  initial  ap- 
pearance being  at  the  Illinois  State  Fair  at 
Peoria  in  1874.  Master  Geneva  was  a  capital 
stock-getter,  and  Mr.  A.  J.  Dunlap  once  offered 
$2,500  for  him. 

In  May,  187(),  Messrs.  Potts  bought  the  famous 
imported  Scotch-bred  bull  Duke  of  Richmond 
21525  from  J.  H.  Kissinger.  He  was  a  red, 
calved  in  1873,  bred  by  James  Bruce  of  Burn- 
side,  Fochabers,  Scotland,  sired  by  Lord  St. 
Leonards  (29202)  out  of  Fannie  by  Royal  Errant 
(22780).  His  sire.  Lord  St.  Leonards,  was  a  roan. 
bredbyFawkes  of  FarneleyHall.  Royal  Errant 
was  of  the  Duke  of  Buccleuch's  breeding,  and 
was  the  sire  of  many  celebrated  show  cattle, 
among  others  the  bull  Scotsman  (27485),  a  win- 
ner at  the  English  Royal,  imported  by  Mr.  Coch- 
rane and  famous  in  the  celebrated  Lyndale 
show  herd  of  Col.  William  S.  King.    The  Dtike 


RISE    OP    SCOTCH    POWER    IN    AMERICA.        705 

of  Richmond  had  been  imported  by  Mr  [les  of 
Springfield  in  1874  as  a  yearling,  and  was  shown 
tor  him  by  J.  H.  Pickrell  at  the  fall  fairs  of  that 
year.    He  was  a  youngster  of  such   unusual 
promise  that  Messrs.  Kissinger  and  Spears  both 
vvanted  him  for  their  show  herds.    He  had  cost 
Mr.  lies  1800,  but  the  competition  for  his  pos- 
session in  the  fall  of  1875  was  so  keen  that  Mr 
Kissinger  was  compelled  to  pay  $4,500  for  him' 
m  addition  to  giving  six  services  valued  at  Ii50 
each     In  the  spring  of  1876  Mr.  Kissinger  de- 
cided to  disperse  his  show  stock,  and  it  was 

.W,^50  besides  the  show  cow  Mattie  Richardson 
and  other  noted  animals.     Duke  of  Richmond 
was  of  medium  size,  but  carried  a  rare  wealth 
ot  thick  flesh  in  compact  form.  He  had  breadth 
and  depth  without  superfluous  height,  and  dur- 
ing the  campaigns  of  1876  and   1877  proved 
irirly  invincible.     Mr.  Potts  had  purchased  in 
87o  the  imported  Scotch-bred  heifer  Priscilla 
7th,  also  bred  by  Bruce  of  Burnside  and  got  by 
Lord  bt.  Leonards  the  sire  of  Duke  of  Rich- 
mond   and   had  also  acquired   the   imported 
truickshank  cow^  Red  Lady. 

At  the  Illinois  State  Fair  of  1877  Mr  C  M 

Culbertson  exhibited    the   strongest    herd  of 

Herefords  yet  seen  in  the  United  States,  with 

he  famous  bull  Anxiety  at  its  head.    Grave 

tear,  were  entertained  in  the  Short-horn  camp 


ill 


ii 


>• 


706 


HISTOHY   OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


\^IV 


111    -J 


that  the  "white-faces"  might  bear  away  the 
herd  championship,  and  had  it  not  been  for  the 
stock  of  Messrs.  Potts  they  would  undoubtedly 
have  accomplished  that  trick.  The  herd  which 
thus  successfully  defended  the  honor  of  the 
breed  at  a  crucial  period  in  its  history  consisted 
of  imp.  Duke  of  Richmond,  his  half-sister,  imp. 
Friscilla  7th;  two  daughters  of  Master  Geneva, 
Josie  2d  (a  Pomona)  and  Geneva's  Pride  (trac- 
ing to  imp.  Julia  by  Young  Grant);  Mattie 
Richardson,  an  Amelia  of  Kissinger's  breeding, 
and  Cassa  20th,  a  Rosabella,  sired  by  Leonard's 
Monarch.  It  is  difficult  for  breeders  of  the 
present  day  to  realize  the  tension  that  existed 
in  these  first  great  show-yard  battles  with  the 
Herefords  in  the  West.  The  "white-faces" 
were  then  a  comparative  novelty  on  this  side 
of  the  water  and  some  were  predicting  that 
they  would  soon  supplant  the  Short-horns  en- 
tirely. It  was  felt  that  a  serious  situation  con- 
fronted the  Short-horn  breeding  fraternity,  and 
on  this  account  it  is  difficult  to  overestimate 
the  value  of  the  service  rendered  at  that  time 
by  the  Messrs.  Potts. 

The  Fanny  Airdrie  "nick." — Fortunately 
the  Duke  of  Richmond  proved  a  most  impres- 
sive sire.  Mated  with  American-bred  cows  pos- 
sessing scale  and  finish,  he  gave  Western  show- 
yards  and  breeding  herds  a  class  of  stock  of 
such  undoubted  merit  for  the  feed-lot  and  the 


■■f      5 


way  the 
1  for  the 
)ubtedly 
rd  which 
r  of  the 
consisted 
ter,  imp. 
Geneva, 
de  (trac- 
;  Mattie 
n*eediii<»-, 
leonard's 
3  of  the 
t  existed 
with  the 
te-faees  " 
this  side 
ing  that 
lovns  en- 
tion  coii- 
nity,  and 
estimate 
lat  time 

tunately 
:  impres- 
lows  pos- 
vn  show- 
stock  of 
and  the 


RISE   OF    SCOTCH    POWE.I    IN    AMERICA.        707 

block  that  for  many  years  his  descendants  in 
the  hands  of  Messrs.  Potts  and  their  contempo- 
mnes  figured  conspicuously  in  the  prize  lists  of 
ad  the  leading  State  fairs  and  fat-stock  shows 
VVhile  the  Duke  of  Richmond  was  backe<I  up  in' 
the  herd  by  the  Man-bred  Emmas,  the  Sans- 
pureis,  and  later  by  capital  Cruickshank  cows 
and  bulls,  the  creation  of  the  Fannie  Airdries 
h  the  Jnick"   of  Ui<.hmond   blood    upon    a 
loung  Mary  covy  bred  at  James  N.  Brown's 
buns  Grove  Park  Farm,  supplied  sweeping  proof 
of  the  value  ot  the  -beefy  "  Scotch-bred  bull  as 
a  cross  upon  the  native  tribes.     These  Fannies 
were    thick-meated,   wide-backed,    fine-boned, 
ow-legged  Short-horns,  quite  the  equal  of  the 
best  Scotch  sorts  as  individuals,  and  possessed 
tbe  faculty  of  breeding  on  satisfactorily  from   ■ 

Z  ^'^^^''''  ^"^  ^''^^^^^-  The  red  bull  Proud 
Uiike  3()()G0,got  by  the  imported  bull  out  of  old 
taimie  Airdrie,  the  matron  of  the  family,  not 
only  won  many  first  and  championship  prizes 
•lit  was  successfully  crossed  upon  the  Sittyton 
Lavenders  at  Oakland,  one  branch  of  which  has 
proved  such  a  valuable  so'-t  in  the  Hill  Farm 
herd  of  Messrs.  Dustin. 

Frederick  William  and  "the  twins."— An- 
other famous  son  of  the  Duke  of  Richmond  was 
the  massive  red  Frederick  William  23195,  out 
ni  banspareil  25th.  He  was  the  sire  of  the  far- 
huned  twin  show  cows  Emma  4th  and  Emma 


lii 


i  I 


I 


70H        A    HISTORY    OF    KMORT-IIORN    CATTLK. 

5tli,  l)r(Ml  l)y  Messrs.  I'otts  Iroiii  Imhiiiu  Jid,  im- 
portod  from  Uppenuill.  Tlic  twins  wore  led 
oows  of  j^roat  scale  and  substance  and  won- 
derful liesli-carrieivs.  h\)V  several  seasons  tliey 
were  tlu^  best  Short-horn  cows  on  the  sliow  cii'- 
cuit.  Frederick  William  was  also  exhibited 
with  success  by  Messrs.  I'otts  as  well  as  by  the 
late  Robert  Miller  of  West  Liberty,  la. 

A  line  of  Cruickshank  sires- These  bulls 
wei-e  followed  in  service  by  the  impoited 
Cruickshank  sires  Antiquary  41)774,  a  larj^e, 
deei)-bodied  red,  sired  by  Pride  of  the  Isles  out 
of  Azalea,  the  dam  of  Field  Marshal;  Von 
Tromp  r)41()0,  a  nuissive,  l)roa(l-ribl)ed  Victoiia 
by  Barnipton,  that  won  many  first  and  clnini- 
pionship  prizes,  and  King  of  Aberdeen  75747. 
a  thick-tleshed,  short-legged  red  of  the  Violet 
tribe  sired  by  Dunblane  ()51)U5.  King  of  Aber- 
deen was  one  of  the  last  of  the  good  bulls  of 
AmosCruickshank's  own  brt^eding  used  in  the 
West.  All  these  were  supplied  by  James  1. 
Davidson  of  Canada. 

Twenty  years  in  the  show-yard.— For  a 
period  of  twenty  years  the  Potts  herd  was  seen 
almost  continuously  in  the  show-yard;  meeting 
during  that  time  all  of  the  great  contemporary 
Short-horn  herds  besides  the  Hereford  and 
Aberdeen-Angus  host,  and  it  is  speaking  within 
bounds  to  say  that  during  these  two  decades 
the  Oakland  herd  probably  won  more  prizes 


KIMK    OK    SOOTCH    I'OVVKIl    IN    AMKKK'A. 


701) 


tliaii  any  otJior  caUle-broodi 


ill  North  Aiiier 


k; 


n^'  esfahlisiunont 


ill  tho  triiimpliiil   tours  of  tl 


I.     It  is  iMitjiisticoto  add  that 


10  "s(3vonties"  a 
r  success  was 


as  a 


•oiisidorahlo  sliarc  of  the  credit  fo, 

duo  to  the  skill  of  Mr.  Harry  I.ovolaml 
lof^dor.     [.ovolaiid   was  one  of  the  recognized 
•  'xperts  of  his  time  in  the  United  States  in  this 
lino  of  work,  and  had  come  to  Oakland  from 
tlie  herd  of  [l\^dim  llust(m  &  Sons,  lilandins- 
ville,  111.     IIesul)sequently  entered  the  employ 
ot  the  Hereford  (^vhihitors  iind  repeated  with 
Hoau   Real  and  other  "  white- faces  "  his  suc- 
<'esses  with  Short-horns.    For  the  major  portion 
ot  the  time,  however,  that  the  Jacksonville  herd 
was  in  the  thick  of  the  Hght  it  was  under  the 
immediate  personal  supervisicm  of  Mr.  Williani 
.  Potts  (the  son),  under  whose  alert  direction 
the  Oakland  Short-horns  rounded  out  a  record 
at  American  fairs  and  fat-stock  shows  that  has 
not  been  surpassed  in  the  annals  of  American 
cattle- breedinjy. 

The  Wilhoit  herd.-I„  a  previous  chapter 
J  have  reten-ed  to  Mr.  Thomas  Wilhoit,  one 
ot  the  pioneer  breeders  of  tlie  State  of  Incl  ana 
A  cross  of  the  Scotch  l.lood  „po„  his  he'Tin 
.0  later  years  of  his  breeding  produced  such 
ex  aordmary  results  that  the  circumstance 
must  be  here  recognized  as  another  one  of  the 
v^mous  causes  leading  up  to  the  popularity  of 
the  North  Country  Short-horns  in  the  West 


i! 


iri' 


71i)        A    inSTOIiY    OK    SHOIIT-IIUKN    CATThK. 

One  of  .Tamos  I.  Ihividson'M  lucky 'iiits'' in 
crossing  tho  Douglas  upon  tlic  Cruicksliank 
hlood  was  in  the  case  of  imp.  lied  Lady,  hy 
Scotland's  Pride.  Bred  to  Crown  I'rince  of 
Atlielstane  2d  1()585,  she  produced  Lady  Athel- 
stane.  that  became  tiie  })roi)erty  of  the  Messrs, 
I'otts.  She,  in  turn,  was  bred  to  inij).  Duke  of 
Hichmond,  the  i)r()g(Miy  in  ISS()  being  the  bull 
Knight  of  Atlielstane  2d  l{Ur)45,  that  was  sold  to 
Mr.  Wilhoit.  l{c[»resenting,  as  he  did,  one  of 
the  richest  combinations  of  prize-winning  blood 
conceivable  at  that  time,  it  seemed  almost  in- 
evitable that  this  l)ull  should  prove  a  getter  of 
the  kind  of  stock  Mr.  Wilhoit  iiad  always  en- 
deavored to  pro(hice  ;  and  his  use  upon  the  Wil- 
hoit cows  marks  one  of  the  brightest  chapters 
in  American  Short-horn  history.  He  seemed  to 
fairly  transmit  the  combined  merit  of  his  illus- 
trious lu'ogenitors,  and  his  immediate  descend- 
ants were  for  many  years  the  pride  of  the  en- 
tire Short-iiorn  cattle-breeding  fraternity.  As 
in  the  case  of  his  sire,  the  Duke  of  Richmond, 
Knight  of  Athelstane  2d  seemed  to  "nick"  par- 
ticularly well  with  Young  Mary  cows,  the  Ath- 
elstane bulls  representing  that  cross,  shown  in 
the  "eighties"  by  Mr.  Wilhoit,  being  marvels  of 
substance  and  flesh. 

Thomas  W^ilhoit  must  be  regarded  as  one  of 
the  great  breeders  of  his  time.  A  practical 
man  and  of  few  words,  he  had  a  profound  grasp 


RISE  OF  HcoTnr  vnwvn  fn  amkrica.      711 

of  the  principles  mu\vv\y\u^  the  production  of 
good  cattle.  Moreover,  he  had  the  coura^^e 
of  his  convictions.  Whil(>  the  storm  of  specu- 
ation  was  at  its  hei^^ht  In^  steadfastly  stood  by 
the  herd  which  he  had  created  by  the  api.licu- 
tion  of  sound  principles  of  hreedin^.  The  sub- 
stance  of  his  creed,  as  condensed  by  himself  in 
a  bnet  statement  made  in  response" to  inquiries 
at  an  Indianapolis  convention  of  cattle-breed- 

^tI-T'!,  TY''''''^   '"   *^^   following  words: 
Ihick-tieshed    cattle    will     produce     thick- 
leshed  cattle."    This  was  his  way  of  stating, 
the  maxim  that  "  like  be^^ets  like."     lie  did  not 
expect  to  produce  profitable  cattle  with  richly- 
iirmshed  carcasses  from  animals  of  a  delicate, 
ight-fleshed  type,  and  had  laid  the  foundation 
or  a  class  of  stock  possessing  great  constitu- 
tion and  thrift  prior  to  his  carefully-consid- 
(n-ed  selection  of  the  great  Bruce-and-DouLWas- 
n-ossed  Cruickshank  bull  that  set  the  final  seal 
ot  an  extraordinary  success  upon  his  long  and 
usetul  career  as  a  breeder  of  Short-horn  cattle 


n  b 


J 


m..:i 


!1  •■!■ 


If). 


i|ii|i 


n  I 


Pi' 


CHAPTER    XXII. 


CLOSING  EVENTS  OF  THE  CENTURY. 

The  salient  feature  of  the  trade  on  both  sides 
of  the  Atlantic  during  the  closing  years  of  the 
nineteenth  century  has  been  a  gradual  liquida- 
tion of  what  might  be  termed  speculative  hold- 
ings and  a  widespread  resort  to  the  use  of 
b.ills  of  the  Cruickshank  and  kindred  blood. 
Some  of  the  more  notable  events  occurring 
during  this  transition  period  will  now  be  re- 
corded. 

Sale  of  the  Hillhurst  Duchesses.— Tn  the 
spring  of  1882  Ilon.M.  II.  Cochrane  of  Hillhurst 
decided  upon  a  dispersion  sale  of  his  Duchesses 
and  other  Bates-bred  stock.  The  event  oc- 
curred at  Chicago  April  18  of  that  year.  The 
cattle  were  offered  in  the  pink  of  condition 
and  were  of  most  attractive  character.  The 
Duchess  consignment  consisted  of  the  f anions 
Woodburn-ln-ed  10th  Duchess  of  Airdrie  and 
some  of  her  descendants.  A  cow  of  good  in- 
dividual merit  herself,  the  10th  Duchess 
proved  a  prolific  breeder,  transmitting  much  of 
her  own  excellence,  as  well  as  a  good  measure 
of  her  fecundity,  to  her  progeny.     Those  who 

(712) 


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CLOSING    EVENTS   OP   THE   CENTfEY.         713 

at  |l,3oO.     The  Canada  West  Farm  Stock  Lso 

S  i-r  ^.'i'  r  ^•™"  "'•'^^e  Ee:: 

a  17  100     The  8th  Duke  of  Hillhurst  so  d  at 

elxiaff,  Janesville,  Minn.  Messrs  Palme  •  * 
Bowman,  proprietors  of  an  extensive  he  d  at 
SultviUe  Va.,  purchased  Kirklevingto  Mar- 
clnoness  2d  at  13.525.  ^ 

Richard  Gibson's  sale  of  1882.-A  nnnl^o. 

.on  by  Richard  Gibson  at  Chicago  April  21 
ZC  Wild  f"''-    '''?  P"'-''  Bates'heife; 

Kf  srB^'f  I  ^'•'-    ^-^»t    Sri- 
Wand  Tl,      /,-   S"'"'''^  purchased   Lady 

1  at  ^"^7r'"'V°"*v/^»-'^'«^"'g'«"  Duchess 
Wh  at  $1,575.  For  Wild  Eyes  Winsome  4th 
H.  f .  Brown  gave  $1,850.  Hon  Emorv  rnhh 
took  the  bull  Oxford  Duke  (4529^^1 -'iSJ 


f  ^i  i 


Pfl!i 


714        A    HISTORY   OF    SHORT-HORN    CATTLE. 

There  was  included  in  this  oiiering  a  consign- 
ment the  property  of  Mr.  John  T.  Gibson  and 
the  average  on  forty-nine  head  offered  was 
^§602.45.  This  sale  was  of  special  interest  as 
reflecting  the  intention  of  the  Kentucky  breed- 
ers to  put  the  market  for  the  so-called  pure 
Bates  cattle  well  above  the  ruling  prices  for 
those  carrying  outcrosses. 

Woodburn  sale  of  1882. — In  the  spring  of 
1882  Mr.  A.  J.  Alexander,  in  connection  w'th 
Mr.  Leslie  Combs  of  Woodford  Co.,  Ky.,  im- 
ported about  twenty  head  of  Bates-bi-ed  cows 
and  heifers  and  two  bulls,  selected  from  noted 
English  lierds  by  Mr.  Combs.  A  majority  of  the 
females  were  of  the  old  Red  Rose  tribe,  de- 
scended from  the  Renick  Rose  of  Sharons  that 
had  been  exported  to  England  sorie  years  pre- 
vious. These  were  bought  mainly  trom  the  herd 
of  Mr.  George  Fox  of  Elmhurst  Hall.  In  addi- 
tion to  these  were  representatives  of  the  Hey- 
don  Rose  and  Thorndale  Rose  branches  of  the 
same  tribe,  bought  from  Lord  Braybrooke.  The 
cattle  were  offered  at  auction  at  Woodbura  June 
24, 1882,  along  with  a  lot  of  Mr.  Alexanders  own 
breeding;  the  ninety-two  head  bringing  an  av- 
erage of  $455.10.  Mr.  Abram  Renick,  who  was 
then  Hearing  the  end  of  his  career  as  a  breeder, 
was  present  and  made  a  determined  effort  to  buy 
the  big,  fine  imported  roan  Thorndale  Rose  8th 
for  the  purpose  of  breeding  a  bull  from  her  for 


CLOSIx\G   EVENTS   OF    THE    CENTURY.         715 

li  cky  fight,  caiying  the  bidding  up  to  $5,600, 
but  at  that  point  relinquished  her  to  a  repre- 
sentative of  Mr.  Alexander,  the  latter  having 
reserved  He  right  to  bid  upon  the  partnership 
ots.  ia  ing  in  his  purpose  at  this  time  Mr 
bemck  afterward  bought  and  used  a  bull,  4th 

Woodburn  to  a  service  by  2d  Duke  of  Whittle- 
berry  62.74,  a  Duchess  bull  that  had  beeuYin. 
ported  from  the  herd  of  R.  Loder.  Mr  Alex- 
ander also  bought  at  this  sale  30th  Grand  Duke 

lidP  T^"  rrt-"^"  ^^'"^  **"''  ^t  «2,025,  be- 
Mdes  Thorndale  Eose  ICth  and  Heydon  Eose 
7th  at  HOOO  and  $1,800  respectively      4t  th  s 

01  30th  Duke  of  Airdrie;  Mr.  T.  W.  Harvey  of 
Chicago  buying  <• ..  33d  Duke  of  Airdrio,  a  cap- 
lal  red  two-yea,  old,  at  $2,650,  and  Mr  N  P 
Clarke  the  34th  Duke  at  $2,700.  For  imp  Vis- 
oount  Oxford  5th  (45744)  Messrs.  Palmer  &  Bow- 
man of  Virginia  gc  g.^  Sl,025.» 

*  At  a  sale  held  at  Wlnclipstpr  vho  ♦nii„,„4 
ton  sold  Blxty-nlne  head  o7  strt ^o.^^^^^^^^^  ^anMeter  &  Hamll- 

the  Rose  ,  f  Sharon  females  Pop^y  l?  h  Popm-rn'T  °'  *'''-'''  *""^"'^*°^ 
13th  Rose  of  Sycamore,  the  first  ^oh^^o^a  '?*«'"  °' ^^'""'°'"'' "°^ 
the  second  and  third  to  T  J  McGcnv  nw>f  J  *  o  ^°^"»'in  at  $:3,025  and 
respectively.  The  day  foltwin/th Is  site  ThM ''"""''  "'  ''■'''  '^"'^  ''''^ 
Mount  Sterling  forty-flve  head  "u  aW  a"  L.  :f  Sfwinf  ""1°"  '''"  '' 
takiiif?  Loo  Belle  Geneva  3d  at  $1  fiT",  mXi^  ?  '  ""'"''"^  *  Hamilton 
Laciy  Kirklevlngton  B.a  $1  100  Thel.v  f.n  ""i  °"  "'""^'^'^  '"*'  ^^'^^^  '"^d  2d 
Anderson  sold  fortv-fom  head  a  an  ^v  °i  ^  f  1"  °*"'"'''^ ''•  ^"'•^'^ 
Williams  &  Hamilton  $  .62  for  K  rk  evl  'Z'm  ^m'"'''  ''"'"'^''''^  '^''^ 
Peiich  Blossom  12th.  F  M  VaTlnof  m,/  .  ^^'i''«'"°""ss  and  $1.0,50  for 
Du..hes8  23d  and  C.  C.  Chltes  also  o  mZ7  ^T""  ^''^  '"'  Ki>-'^l"vl„gton 
W,250  ^'  '^^^^  °'  Missouri,  took  Peach  Blossom  llth  at 


II 


>M 


1|M 


716         A    HISTORY   OF  SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 

The  Huston-Gibson  sale.— In  April,  1883, 
Messrs.  Rigdon  Huston  &  Son  of  B.'andinsville, 
111.,  who  had  bought  the  entire  Bates-l)red  herd 
of  Col.  Le  G.  B.  Cannon  of  Venpont,  held  a 
sale  at  Chicago  in  cor        '  n  with  Mr.  Rich- 
ard Gibson  at  which  st  >    e  high  prices  were 
made.     The   1st  Duchess  of  Hilldale  and  2(1 
Kirklevington  Duchess  of  Hilldale  were  sold  to 
Strawther  Givens  of  Abingdon,  III.,  at  SG,0()() 
and  $1,900  respectively.    The  roan  heifer  Lally 
Barrington  6th  was  taken  by  Mr.  A.  J.  Alex- 
ander of  Woodburn  at  13,000.    N.  P.  Clarke, 
St.  Cloud,  Minn.,  bought  Wild  Duchess  of  Ge- 
neva 3d  at  $2,100.     William  Murray  of  Can- 
ada paid  $1,650  for  Wild  Eyes  Lassie  3d.    Tlio 
Messrs.  Winslow  of  Kankakee,  111.,  gave  $1,750 
for  Grand  Duchess  of  Waterloo.     B.  C.  Rumsey, 
Buffalo,  N.  Y.,  took  Lady  Turncroft  Wild  Eyes 
3d  and  Lady  York  and  Oxford  Bates  at  $1,500 
and  $1,200  respectively.    Mr.  T.  W.  Harvey  of 
Chicago,  who  had  established  a  herd  at  Turling- 
ton, Neb.,  with  33d  Duk-^  ^^  Airdrie  at  the  head, 
bought    Marchioness  o^^'Turncroft  and  Wild 
Eyes  Winsome  3d  at  $1,200  and  $1,050  respec- 
tively.    Hon.   Emory  Cobb  of  Kankakee,  111, 
took  Grand  Duchess  of  Waterloo  2d  and  Lady 
York  and  Underley  Bates  at  $975  and  $800  re- 
spectively.   George  Allen,  AUerton,  111.,  i   id 
$3,500  for  1st  Duke  of  Hilldale  43429.    Gibson's 
offering  consisted  mainly  of  imported  stock. 


CLOSING   EVENTS   OP   THE   CENTURY.         717 

Jf^f.l  ""'"  °^  Scotch  cattle.  ^On  April 
.',  ms,  there  occurred  an  unfortunate  clash 
Let  ween  the  Bow  Park  management  rem-e- 
»entmg  Bates  cattle  on  one  hand  and  'the 
ate  Launcelot  Palmer  of  Missouri,  who  had 
been  a  buyer  and  exhibitor  of  the  Al>erdeen- 
«h.re  sorts.    The  feeling  at  this  time  between 

n  ri-v'tlHr  "^"^  '.""'""^  '"S'''  ^"-J  ^'  "either 
party   to   this  conflict   of   sale    dates  would 

give  way,  the  occurrence  furnished  a  test  as  to 
the  prevailing  temper  of  Northern  breeders  in 
reference  to  the  Bates  and  Scotch  cattle.    The 
low  Park  sale  was  held  at  Glen  Flora  Farm,  a 
lort   distance    north   of    Chicago,   and    the 
I  aimer  sale  at  Dexter  Park,  Chicago  Union 
Mock  Yards.    The  most  active  breeders  of  the 
period  favored  the  Palmer  sale  with  their  com- 
pany forcing  the  three-year-old  heifer  Mysie 
m,  of  James  I.  Davidson's  breeding-sired  by 
Crown  Prince  of  Athelstane  2d  16585  out  of 
;mp.  Mysie  36th  of  Mr.  Cruickshank's  breed- 

7'^Z  *,°h''''^*''  f  '"■'"•'  '^^"^  '^^  ^as  bid 
Z  7  V°r  ^""Z"?  ^'"'  ''''•=°™*  °*  Chas.  A.  De- 
D    P™ff  f  ^  f  ^''^"  *'^™'  J^^esville,  Minn. 

W9  ^  .  k"     f/!  ^^'^'-  ''"*  '»  tl'e  fell  of 
882  had  bought  from  the  Hon.  John  Dryden 

he  imported  Scotch  bull  Baron  Surmise.  He 
also  took  the  imported  Cruiekshank  cow  Art- 
less out  of  this  sale   at  $1,025.    Mr.  Robert 


'\  I  i 


'i!'      1 


Ui3^ 


ill 


I 

f  i 


;ii 


I  ft 


I'll 


F 


718        A   HISTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 

Miller  purchased  Evening  Star  2(1,  another 
specimen  of  the  Crown  Prince  of  Athelstane 
2(1  cross  upon  a  Cruickshank  cow,  at  $1,000. 
Mr.  T.  W.  Harvey,  who  had  also  been  consid- 
ered as  partial  to  the  Bates  blood,  appeared 
here  as  a  bidder  upon  the  best  Scotch  cattle, 
buying  among  others  the  Brawith  Bud  cow 
Golden  Gem  at  $010.  Col.  W.  A.  Harris  pur- 
chased imp.  Barmpton  Violet  at  $780;  Mr.  H. 
F.  Brown  took  the  red  heifer  Lady  May  at 
$750;  J.  H.  Kissinger  bought  Nonpareil  40th  at 
$930,  and  Hon.  Pliny  Nichols  of  West  Liberty, 
la.,  became  the  owner  of  the  two-year-old  bull 
Earl  of  Aberdeen  45992  at  $1,000.  The  twenty- 
five  head  of  Scotch  breeding  sold  at  this  sale 
averaged  about  $625. 

While  the  Palmer  cattle  were  selling  quickly 
at  high  prices  to  a  large  and  enthusiastic  crowd 
at  Dexter  Park,  the  Bow  Park  sale  was  in  prog- 
ress at  Glen  Flora  before  a  small  company. 
Some  appreciative  buyers  were  present  never- 
theless, Mr.  A.J.  Alexander  purchasing  the  red- 
roan  Oxford  heifer  Grand  Duchess  of  Oxford  52d 
at  $2,050,  and  Strawther  Givens  of  Illinois  Kirk- 
levington  Duchess  25th  at  $1,400.  A  majority 
of  the  cattle,  however,  sold  below  $500,  the 
thirty-six  head  making  an  average  of  $325.55. 

Kentucky  Importing  Company  of  1883.  - 
In  the  spring  of  1883  Messrs.  B.  F.  Van  M(^ter 
and  Leslie  Combs,  representing  the  Kentucky 


CLOSING    EVENTS    OF   THE   CENTURY.         719 

r.nportin-  Co.,  selected  and  brought  out  from 
Lnj^^Iaud  an  importation  of  thirty-four  head  of 
cows  and  heifers  and  two  bulls,  a  large  majority 
ot  which  were  purchased  in  Scotland  from  the 
herds  of  Messrs.  Cruickshank,  Duthie  and  the 
)uke  of  Richmond.  These  were  the  only  Short- 
horns of  the  Aberdeenshire  tribes  ever  imported 
<  irect  from  Scotland  into  Kentucky.  A  half- 
dozen  head  of  Bates  females  were  also  included 
111  the  importation,  the  entire  lot  being  sold  at 

S402.50.    The  Bates  heifer  Lady  Wild  Eyes  7th 
topped  the  sale  at  $1,000,  going  at  that  figure  to 
Woodbum     The  Scotch  offerings  ranged  up  to 
-VOO,  paid  for  the  yearling  bull  Favorite  56041 
rom  Collynie.    This  bull  and  a  number  of 
the   Scotch   heifers   were    bought   by   Messrs. 
Danforth  and  Veech  of  Louisville,  who  bred 
them  for  a  short  time  and  then  disposed  of 
most  of  tham  to  Messrs.  Cummings  of  Illinois 
and  other  Northern  breeders 
Sale  of  Pickrell.  Thomas  &  Smith.-Mr.  J. 
'•        J.l  ^^'^  meantime  formed  a  partner- 
ship with  Messrs.  Thomas  &  Smith  of  Kentucky 
aii.1  the  firm  occupied  a  prominent  position  in 
the  trade  m  the  early  "eighties."    The  herd 
was  particularly  strong  in  the   Beck  Taylor 
branch  of  the  Young  Mary  tribe,  which  sup- 
phed  many  prize-winners.     It  was  also  rich  in 
^o,e  of  Sharons.    At  a  sale  made  in  June 


j 

m 

# 

i 

)■■  ■ 

Ipf 

720        A    niSTORY   OF   SHORT-nORN  CATTLE. 

1883,  at  I  In  .istown,  III.,  the  fiiiu  sold  seventy- 
two  head  at  an  average  of  $4ll).7t).  Messis. 
Hawkins  «fc  McDaniel  of  Miami,  Mo.,  gave  $1,100 
for  the  two-year-old  hull  Sharon  Geneva  and 
T.  W.  Harvey  paid  $1,000  for  Red  Rose  of  (Jlen- 
wood.  It  was  at  this  sale  that  Messrs.  C.  C. 
Blish  &  Son,  Kewanee,  111.,  purchased  the  red 
bull  calf  Dick  Taylor  of  Olenwood  at  $:}00.  He 
matured  into  a  good  show  bull  and  sire,  being 
successfully  exhibited  at  the  head  of  the  Blisli 
herds  at  leading  Western  fairs  for  several 
years  and  also  siring  many  good  cattle  in  their 
Lee  Side  Herd.  This  Harristown  sale  was  not- 
able for  the  steadiness  of  the  values  main- 
tained. A  large  proportion  of  the  offerings 
made  from  $400  to  $600  each  and  the  high  av- 
erage merit  of  the  stock  was  the  theme  of  uni- 
versal comment. 

Kentucky  summer  sales  of  1883.— The 
breeders  of  the  blue-grass  country  remained 
loyal  to  the  Bates  blood  to  the  last.  They 
were  never  able  to  entirely  forget  the  service 
rendered  by  imp.  Duke  of  Airdrie  (12730),  and 
even  at  this  period  when  Northern  breeders 
were  showing  a  marked  preference  for  the 
Scotch  type  the  Kentuckians  sustained  their 
interest  in  the  historic  Kirklevington  families. 
They  were  not  only  the  most  liberal  bidders  on 
all  Bates  cattle  offered  for  sale  in  tne  Northern 
States  during  the  "eighties"  but  stood  together 


uventy- 
Messrs. 
3  $1,100 
!va  and 
)t'(;ien- 

S.    Kj.   C 

the  red 
00.  He 
B,  being 
e  Blish 
several 
in  their 
vas  not- 
<  main- 
ifferings 
ligh  av- 
)  of  uni- 

3.— The 
miained 
.  They 
service 
30),  and 
jreeders 
for  the 
)d  their 
"amilies. 
Iders  on 
iorthern 
together 


OLOSINO    EVKNTS   OF   THE   CENTrHY.         721 

at  home  wlieiiever  repn^sentatives  of  their  fa- 
vorite blood  were  offered  at  auction 

In  July,  1883,  Mr.  J.  V.  Grigsby  sold  a  fam- 
ily of  pure  Bates-Craggs  breeding,  a  sort  origi- 
nated by  the  Messrs.  Bell,  tenants  of  Mr.  Bates 
for  one  of  which,  12th  Duchess  of  Crethmero' 
tiio  Messrs.  Hamilton  of  Mount  Sterling  gave 
$1,350.     For  1st  Duchess  of  Orethmere  Mr  T 
Corwin  Anderson  of   Side   View  Farm    L'ave 
$\m,  and  for  10th  Duchess  of   Springwood 
Hon.  A.  M.  Bowman  of  Virginia  gave  a  like 
amount.    A  number  of  others  were  taken  by 
Southern  breeders  at  figures  but  slightly  below 
those  mentioned,  the  sixteen  females  averaging 
.fSo5.93.     At  a  sale  made  about  the  same  date 
by  Messrs.  Estill  &  Hamilton  the  Rose  of  Sharon 
heifer  Sharon  Kose  2d  Geneva  fetched  $1  000 
from  James  C.  Hamilton  of  Flat  Creek. 

During  this  same  season  an  important  sale 
was  made  from  the  herd  of  Abram  Renick. 
The  cattle  represented  exclusively  his  cele- 
brated Rose  of  Sharon  sort,  and  were  taken 
mamly  by  Kentucky  breeders,  the  seventy  head 
bringing  an  average  of  $369.64.  The  top  price 
was  $1,050  for  Poppy  21st. 

Sale  of  the  Holford  Duchesses.  —  In  the 
summer  of  1883  Mr.  T.  Holford  of  Castle  Hill 
Eng.,  sold   thirty-eight   head    of    Bates -bred 
bhort-horns  at  an  average  of  $1,000;  Lord  Fitz- 
hardinge  paying  $4,500  for  the  3d  Duke  of  Lei- 


li 


■Its 


IP 

If'!. 


72'J        A    HISTORY    OK    SIIOUT-IIOKN    CATTLE. 

cestor  5111(1  $5,750  for  :{(1  Diuthess  of  Leicestor. 
Earl  Hectivo  bought  Diichoss  of  lioicestor  at 
$7,525,  iiiid  Airdrie  Diicliess  7tli,  of  Ain<M-iciiii 
origin,  at  $2,500.  Mr.  H.  C.  Uiunsey  of  IJuftulo, 
N.  Y.,  purchased  the  0th  Duchess  of  Leicester 
for  $1,775. 

Si)eaking  of  Duidiesses  we  may  note  at  tltjs 
point  that  during  this  same  year  tlie  8th  Duke 
of  Tregunter  that  had  been  exported  to  Aus- 
tralia was  sold  at  auction  in  that  country  at  a 
reported  price  of  $20,000! 

The  Hamiltons.  Probably  the  hirgt^st  han- 
dlers of  pure-bred  Short-horns  of  their  time  in 
the  State  of  Kentucky  were  the  Messrs.  Iluin- 
ilton,  extensive  owners  of  lands  in  Kentucky, 
Illinois  and  Missouri,  the  home  farm  being  at 
Fhit  Creek,  Bath  Co.,  Ky.,  not  far  from  Mount 
Sterling.  Upon  this  fai'm  resided  the  broth- 
ers, George  and  James  C.  Hamilton,  the  latter 
being  regarded  as  a  breeder  of  unusual  skill. 
Short-horns  had  been  introduced  ui)on  Flat 
Creek  Farm  at  an  early  date,  and  when  tht; 
herd  first  came  prominently  before  the  pul)lic 
it  was  chiefly  noted  for  its  Marys  aiid  Jo- 
sephines. 

The  foundation  dam  of  the  mf)st  noted  Ham- 
ilton family,  the  Flat  Creek  Marys,  was  the 
roan  Belle,  bred  by  William  Buckner  of  Bour- 
bon Co.,  Ky.,  and  bought  of  him  in  the  spring 
of  1861  by  J.  C.  and  G.  Hamilton.     According  to 


)icestei'. 
aster  at 
Mcricaii 
I5iift"jil(». 
ieice«ter 

at  tliis 
bh  Duke 
to  A  US- 
try  ut  a 

3st  haii- 
time  in 
's.  Ilaiu- 
Mitucky, 
jeing  at 
I  Mount 
e  l)i'<)tli- 
le  latter 
lal  skill. 
ou  Flat 
hen  t\w. 
e  public 
ajul  Jo- 
ed Ham- 
was  the 
of  13our- 
e  spring 
)rcling  to 


OU)HIN(»    EVKNTH    OF    TIIK    CENTUHY.  T'JJj 

the  herd  book  record  (Vol.  XX,  p.  15482)  she 
proved  remarkably  proliHc,  most  of  her  heif- 
ers being  sired   by  the  Rose   of   Sharon    bull 
Hnll  Sliaron  %()7  by  imp.  Duke  of  Airdrie      In 
iiiimerons  cases  Bell  Sharon  was  bred  back  to 
Ins  own  daughters.     Other  bulls  used  in  found- 
ing the  family  were  Earl  of  iJarringtrm  L'^iOl? 
and  Duke  of  Noxid)ee  <M)l>0.*     Messrs.  llamil- 
ton   were  advo(;ates  of    the   principle  of    in- 
iToedmg    from    the    beginning,    and    double 
('n)ssesof  these  bulls  appear  frequently  in  the 
I'i'digrees  of  many  animals   of   their  produc- 
tion.   It  was  calculated  in  the  spring  of  1884 
l)y  the    Messrs.   Hamilton   that  sales  of  this 
Mary  cow's  descendants  had  at  that  time  ag- 
j,'i('gated  in  valne  upward  of  1100,000! 
On  the  decline  in   values  of    Bates  tribes 
lossrs.  Hamilton  became  buyers  of  Duchesses, 
Kiiklevingtons,   Barringtons,  Renick  Rose   of 
Miiii-ons,  etc.,  breeding  largely  from  Duchess 
:iiid  Barrington  bulls,  included  among  the  num- 
l-er  being  imp.  Grand  Duke  of  Geneva  23844 
am  20th  Duke  of  Airdrie  13872.     The  late  Mr 
A.  L.  Hamilton,  son  of  George  Hamilton  and 
son-in-law  of  B.  F.  Van  Meter,  was  the  leading 

o 

fn.  calves  Blnce  he  waB  eighteen  yearlJw.--    tS;  astolh  n?«T^r'""f 
however,  lacks  conflrmatlon.  -^iis  astonlshtn?  statement, 


i  ■ 


r  r         i  4 


IVlfl     ' 


724 


A    HISTORY    OF    SHORT-HORN    CATTLE. 


I: 


'I 


spirit  in  the  extensive  operations  of  tlie  Messrs. 
Hamilton  at  the  time  they  were  so  prominently 
before  the  public  some  fifteen  years  ago.  He 
had  a  brother,  W.  W.,  who  also  handled  the 
Flat  Creek  tribes,  and  a  member  of  a  collateral 
branch  of  the  Hamilton  family.  Col.  A.  W.  Ham- 
ilton, also  dealt  largely  in  Bates-bred  cattle  in 
partnership  with  the  late  Gen.  John  S.  Williams 
under  the  firm  name  of  Williams  &  Hamilton, 
Longwood  Farm,  Mount  Sterling.  Largely 
through  the  skill  and  judgment  of  Mr.  James 
C.  Hamilton — whose  patriarchal  appearance 
and  kindly  ways  earned  for  him  in  his  later 
years  the  universally  applied  title  of  "Uncle 
Jimmy" — the  home  herd  at  Flat  Creek  attained 
a  degree  of  individual  merit  that  gave  it  great 
prominence  among  the  leading  collections  of 
the  breed,  and  it  received  an  extended  patron- 
age from  the  North  and  West. 

Mr.  A.  L.  Hamilton,  who  had  established  him- 
self on  a  farm  near  Lexington,  to  which  he  gave 
the  name  of  Kirklevington— as  expressing  his 
adherence  to  Bates  blood— held  an  auction  sale 
June  11  and  12, 1884,  which  attracted  one  of  the 
largest  crowds  ever  seen  at  an  event  of  that 
character  in  the  West.  The  proprietor  was 
in  very  feeble  health  at  the  time,  and  this  was 
made  the  occasion  of  the  dispersion  of  a  large 
proportion  of  his  Short-horn  holdings.  The 
sale  continued  for  two  days  under  the  manage- 


CLOSING   EVENTS   OF   THE   CENTURY.         725 

ment  of  the  well-known  auctioneers,  Cols.  J. 
W.  Judy  and  L.  P.  Muir.*  An  extraordinary 
average  was  made.  The  roan  Airdrie  Duchess 
oir  t^  f  for  Mr.  Hamilton's  brother  a 
it  f;  .^- L^g-"  0  «wope  of  Independence, 
Mo.,  took  the  roan  heifer  2d  Duchess  of  Flat 
Creek  at  $7,000,  4th  Duchess  of  Flat  Creek  at 
$0,075,  Barrington  Lally  2d  at  $2,025, 4th  Duch- 

i!o  f.    ;.  •  *:.?"^^'  "'  Minneapolis  paid 
lAn     \  ^^®  '^^  two-year-old  bull  Duke  of 

a  d  S?6ot^''' W.:!^'^^^'  ^^^«  Duchess  7th 
and  11,600  for  Wild  Eyes  Duchess  9th.    C.  M 

Flff'r?  \\T  '^  ^^^^"^^'  ^^^^  bid  off  the 

atK275  and  the  yearling  bull  Lord  Barring 
ton  2d  at  $1,675.  The  Van  Meter  Mary  cZ 
Geneva  Mary  2d,  was  knocked  down  to  John 
Duncan  Louisville,  at  12,000.  Mr.  G.  L  Chris- 
man  of  Independence,  Mo.,  was  an  active  com- 

t  «  'r;r;o'f  r'''^.^^'  ^f  ^*^^"^  ^*^  ^"ke  of  Kent 
at^l,oOO,  the  red  cow  Barrington  Mary  2d  and 

horn  breeders  of  S  hlZTZcLnZT''  ""^  ^^'^^^'^  "^''^  ^he  Short 
theBate8  blood,  and  maSeEBelAS,  'l''°'°"'^^  appreciation  for 

nected  with  the  rlbal^lstortTofshon  ho7  ^'"Z^?'"*'^  ""  =*"  '"'^"^''^  «on- 
For  many  years  he  condS  Imnortanrr  ^^''^'"^'"^'""^ '^^^^^^ 
Western  States,  and  on  t^e  occSoToAh^  \'^'''  throughout  the 
Short-horn  Herd  Book  by  the  Sers  A««  f"^^^^^  «'  ^he  American 
was  made  editor  of  the  PedT^re^.^e^isterlrS  '«"?  "^^'^^^  ^-^"^'^ 
that  position  by  Mr.  J.  H.  PlokreU  CoT  S,,?.  ^°-  ?^*°^  B^cceeded  in 
Mo.,  conducting  numerous  auSronBa/es  and  r."?^.  '""'^^'^^^^^^-e. 
Short-horn  breeding  until  hia  death  which  n?  '"^^alnln^  his  Interest  in 
that  place.  ''*^'  '^^**'^  occurred  several  years  since  at 


726 


A    HISTORY    OF   >;iIORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


iii  I 


H<' 


•'* 


a  Barrington  Lally  heifer  calf  at  ^1,000  each. 
Wild  Eyes  Duchesses  5th  and  10th  were  knocked 
off  to  A.  C.  Briant,  Bel  ton,  Mo.,  at  $2,000  and 
$1,730  respectively.  For  Wild  Eyes  Duchess 
4th  Corwin  Anderson  paid  $1,050.  For  Mary 
Barrington,  of  the  Van  Meter  Mary  sort,  J.  H. 
Bacon,  Weaver,  la.,  gave  $1,000.  The  average 
on  the  109  head  sold  was  $832.30. 

On  the  day  following  this  memorable  sale 
Messrs.  Williams  &  Hamilton  sold  fifty-two 
head  at  Lexington  for  an  average  of  $396.35, 
the  highest  prices  being  $1,100,  paid  by  T.  Cor- 
win Anderson  for  Kirklevington  Marchioness, 
and  $1,060,  paid  by  H.  C.  G.  Bals  of  Indianapo- 
lis for  3d  Lady  Kirklevington  B. 

On  Oct.  24  and  25,  1884,  ninety-seven  head 
of  cattle  were  sold  at  auction  on  the  home  farm 
at  Flat  Creek  to  close  the  estate  of  Mr.  J.  C. 
Hamilton,  who  had  died  a  short  time  previous. 
The  extraordinary  average  of  $840.57  was 
made,  although  such  a  result  would  not  have 
been  attained  but  for  the  fact  that  various 
members  of  the  family  were  permitted  to  bid. 
It  was  here  that  Messrs.  Palmer  &  Bowman  of 
Virginia  bought  the  red  bull  2d  Duke  of  Kent 
51119  at  $6,100  and  the  red-roan  Airdrie  Duch- 
ess 10th  at  $6,200,  taking  also  8th  Duchess  of 
Kent  at  $4,050  and  10th  Duchess  of  Kent  at 
$1,600.  Messrs.  Williams  &  Hamilton  bought 
Barrington  Duchess  2d  and  3d  Duchess  of  Kent 


PLE. 

,000  each, 
■e  knocked 
>2,000  and 
s  Duchess 
For  Mary 
sort,  J.  H. 
le  average 

rable  sale 
fifty-two 

3f  ti 


by  T.  Cor- 
irchioness, 
^ndianapo- 

Bven  head 
lome  farm 
I  Mr.  J.  C. 
3  previous. 
40.57  was 
not  have 
a,t  various 
bed  to  bid. 
lowman  of 
le  of  Kent 
'drie  Duch- 
Duchess  of 
)f  Kent  at 
on  bought 
3SS  of  Keut 


1 1 


; '  r 


i  m 


^Bif*  ''ffnfF^W 

1 

1  f  r 

r       f 

n 

1^ 


at 

La 

$3. 

Ha 

mm' 

A. 

$2,i 

DtK 

Ste 

C 

leac 

dur 

Lin 

pos. 

■p 

give 

of  ^ 

•      • 

B 

gnu 

Kan 

^^k''' 

U^  1 

CLOSING   EVENTS    OF   THE   CENTURY.         727 

at  $5,000  each.     They  also  bought  Bari-ington 
J:f"^^^*^^*  '^^'5^0,  BaiTington   Lally  6th  at 
.^o.OOO,  and  3cl  Duke  of  Kent  at  $2,600     Geo 
Hamilton  bid  off  7th  Duchess  of  Kent  at  $3,50o' 
.0  i^' ^^^^l^lto"  took  5th  Duchess  of  Kent  at 
.J2,2o0,  and   Col.  J.  W.  Judy  got   Young  Mary 
Duchess  at  $1,225.    Berry  &  Bigstaff  of  Mount 
Sterling  paid  ^1,230  for  Barrington  Duke  37622 
Col.  W.  A.  Harris  of  Linwood.-The  real 
leader  of  the  Scotch  forces  in  the  United  States 
during  the  "eighties"  was  Col.  W.  A.  Harris  of 
Linwood,  Leavenworth  Co.,  Kan.    Few  men 
possessing  like  strength  of  character  have  ever 
given  their  personal  attention  to  the  breeding 
ot  Short-horns  in  the  United  States.    Of  Vir- 
ginia parentage,  he  removed  to  the  State  of 
Kansas  soon  after  the  close  of  the  Civil  War 
He  first  followed  his  profession-that  of  a  civil 
engineer-in  the  employ  of  the  Kansas  Pacific 
(ailway  Co.,  assisting  in  the  location  of  that 
branch  of  the  Union  Pacific  from  Kansas  City 
to   Denver.    He  had  an    inherited    love    for 
country  life  and  pastoral  pursuits,  and  while 
surveying  on  the  north   bank  of   the  Kansas 
Kiver  some  twenty-seven  miles  west  of  Kansas 
Uty,  his  attention  was  attracted  by  a  beautiful 
body  of  "  second  bottom  "  and  upland,  the  loca- 
lon  of  which  was  carefully  noted  at  the  time 
ile  subsequently  acquired  the  title  to  this  prop- 
erty,  and  after  residing  some  time  in  Lawrence 


!  I 


728        A   HIvSTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


— where  he  had  charge  of  the  sale  of  the  Kan- 
sas Pacitic  Railway  lands  and  the  closing  out  of 
the  Delaware  Indian  Reservation — he  built  a 
residence  upon  the  farm  afterward  so  celebra- 
ted in  the  Western  Short-horn  trade  under  the 
name  of  Lin  wood,  and  for  some  years  gave 
practically  his  entire  time  to  the  establishment 
of  a  herd  which  in  its  prime  was  probably  the 
equal  of  any  that  has  ever  existed  in  North 
America. 

At  the  time  Col.  Harris  made  his  first  invest- 
ments in  Short-horns  his  personal  relations  ^vith 
the  Kentuckians  were  of  the  friendliest,  and  he 
was  made  a  director  in  their  American  Short- 
horn Record  Association.  He  realized  that  in 
the  Western  country  Short-horns,  to  give  sat- 
isfaction to  the  hard-working  farmers  of  that 
region,  must  possess  sound  constitutions  and 
satisfactory  feeding  capacity.  The  leading  Ken 
tucky  breeders  of  the  period,  while  holding  Col. 
Harris  in  the  highest  regard,  did  not  relish  his 
outspoken  criticism  of  many  of  their  herds, 
many  of  which  he  considered  too  fine  and  del- 
icate for  practical  Western  feed-lot  purposes. 
He  had  no  patience  with  those  who  gave  their 
adherence  to  mere  pedigree,  and  proceeded  to 
lay  the  foundations  of  his  own  herd  with  su- 
preme disregard  of  all  things  except  genuine 
merit  in  the  individual  animal.  For  some  years 
he  made  occasional  purchases  of  breeding  ani- 


CLOSING    EVENTS   OF   THE   CENTURY.         729 

mals  in  the  blue-grass  country,  but  he  faulted 
most  ot  the  Southern  herds  of  that  date  as 
wanting  in  substance  and  flesh.  Now  and  then 
he  found  a  heifer  that  suited  him  fairly  well 
and  in  such  cases  was  always  willing  to  pay  a 
iberal  price.  Early  in  his  career  as  a  breeder 
he  had  secured  the  excellent  red  bull  Golden 
Drop  of  Hillhurst  39120,  bred  by  Col   W   E 

T  i  n*  u\^^''''^  '^'-  ^^  Leavenworth,  Kan. 
1  Ills  bull  had  two  Bates  crosses  (4th  Duke  of 
Hillhurst  21509  and  7th  Earl  of  Oxford  9985) 
oil  top  of  the  Scotch-bred  Wastell's  Golden 
Drop  4th  by  Sir  Christopher  (22895).  He  pos- 
sessed the  flnish,  style  and  character  common 
to  the  Bates  tribes,  together  with  more  than 
the  usual  amount  of  flesh  shown  by  the  iatter- 
day  representatives  of  that  blood,  and  proved 
a  useful  sire.  When  it  became  necessary  to 
secure  a  successor  to  him  a  careful  but  unsuc- 
cesstul  search  was  made  for  a  bull  in  the  State 

1882.  On  May  3  of  that  year  Mr.  J.  H.  Kissin- 
ger of  Missouri  made  a  public  sale  at  which  he 
offered  several  head  of  Cruickshank  cattle  that 
^e  had  purchased  a  short  time  before  in  Canada 
i^avorably  predisposed  toward  the  Scotch  blood' 
as  a  result  of  his  use  of  the  Golden  Drop  bull 
above  mentioned,  and  firm  in  the  belief  that 
Miort-horn  breeders  generally  must  pay  more 


r  .    I 


111    ;    ,'l 


r  » 


!    ^   I 


f    11 


urn 


rll:- 


i !  >  1       i, 


lili 


I)  I] 


730        A    HISTORY    OF   SEORT-UORN    CATTLE. 

attention  to  form  and  feeding  quality  if  they 
were  to  hold  their  own  throughout  the  West, 
Col.  Harris  attended  this  sale.    These  imported 
cattle  were  the  best  specimens  of  Cruickshauk 
breeding  he  had  ever  seen,  and  much  impressed 
by  their  sturdy  character  he  bought  the  year- 
ling Victoria  bull  imp.  ]3aron  Victor  (45944)  at 
^1,100;  the  big,  broad-backed  roan  imp.  Victoria 
63d  at  $530;  the  smaller  but  thick-fleshed  imp. 
Violet  Bud  at  $450,  and  the  compactly-fashioned 
red-roan  imp.  Victoria  69th  at  $390.'^    Baron 
Victor  was  a  blocky,  broad-ribbed,  short-legged, 
mellow,  thick-fleshed  red,  strong  in  head  and 
horn,  but  standing  very  near  to  the  ground. 
He  was  sired  by  Barmpton  (37763)  out  of  the 
fine  cow  Victoria  58th  by  Pride  of  the  Isles; 
secona  dam  Victoria  43d  by  Champion  of  Eng- 
land. 

Success  of  Baron  Victor— Victoria  69th  of 
this  purchasvs  did  not  turn  out  a  good  invest- 
mer.t,  but  Victoria  63d's  first  calf-a  grand 
roan  heifer  by  Baron  Victor,  dropped  Nov.  1, 
1882— developed  into  a  yearling  with  an  aston- 
ishing wealth  of  substance,  flesh  and  hair.  No 
such  calf  had  ever  before  been  seen  upon  the 
farm,  and  much  as  he  disliked  to  part  with  her 
Col.  Harris  decided  to  consign  her  to  the  Inter- 

m  thiB  Bime  sale  Messrs.  J.  H.  Potts  &  Son  purcliased  the  Imported     | 
Slttvfon  Secre^row  Seirst  esB  at  S585  and  Gloxinia  at  *420.    For  Imp  Acorn     * 
?/?« TalTaunc^iot  Palmer  paid  $505  and  for  Beauty's  Pride  and  Cam. 
^(10  each. 


ria  69th  of 
od  invest- 
— a  grand 
ed  Nov.  1, 
1  an  astoii- 
hair.  No 
a  upon  the 
L*t  with  her 
>  the  Inter- 

sed  the  imported 
.  For  Imp.  Acoru 
Pride  and  Carrie 


TLOSl^^a    EVENTS   OF   THE   CENTURY,         731 

State  Breeders'  sale  held  at  Kansas  City  in  the 
fall  of  1884,  where  she  proved  the  sensation  of 
the  day  and  commanded  the  top  price  of  $1  005 
being  purchased  by  the  late  Samuel  Steinriietz 
ot  Missouri.     Breeders  from    many  different 
States    gathered    around    this    burly- bodied 
short-legged  Scotch  heifei  and  large  numbers 
of  them  for  the  first  time  here  realized  that  an 
element  of  undoubted  value  had  now  been  in- 
troduced into  the  Western  trade.     Linwood 
Victoria's    irresistible    demonstration    of   the 
feeding  quality  of  the  Cruickshank  sort  was 
backed  up  at  this  same  sale  by  the  young  bull 
The  Baronet  58250-got  by  Baron  Victor  out  of 
a  1  lat  Creek  Mary  dam— a  calf  of  rare  thickness 
and  finish,  finding  quick  sale  at  .^500  to  F.  C 
Harris,  son-in-law  of  Launcelot  Palmer  Stur- 
geon, Mo.    The  Baronet  developed  into  one  of 
the  best  show  bulls  of  his  day  in  the  Western 
States,  winning  prizes  at  the  head  of  the  herd 
of  Newton  Winn. 

The  first  crop  of  calves  from  Baron  Victor  sat- 
isfiec'  Col.  Harris  that  he  was  on  the  right  track, 
and  he  took  immediate  steps  to  increase  tiis 
stock  of  breeding  females  of  Scotch  extraction 
He  purchased  from  James  I.  Davidson  imp.  Sor- 
rel, by  Roan  Gauntlet;  imp.  Marsh  Violet,  by 
Pride  of  the  Isles;  imp.  Barmpton  Violet'  by 
%al  Violet;  imp.  Lavender 32d,  by  Roan  Gaunt- 
let; imp.  Gladiolus,  by  Pride  of  the  Isles-  the 


1.  it 


'J  ' 


732 


A    HISTORY    OF    SHORT-HORN    CATTLE. 


massive  light  roan  imp.  Golden  Thistle,  by  Rojui 
Gauntlet;  imp.  Lavenders  38(1,  34th,  3()th;  imp. 
Sapphire,  and  from  Mr.  William  Warlieltl  of 
Kentucky  the  good  heifer  Primrose,''  derived 
fmni  imp.  Portulacca.  In  the  meantime  tli(> 
Baron  Victor  bulls  from  these  and  the  Anu'ri- 
can-bred  cows  in  the  herd  became  the  admira- 
tion of  the  entire  American  Short-horn  cattle- 
breeding  fraternity.  Almost  without  exception 
they  developed  into  richly-tleshed,  short-leg- 
ged, low-flanked,  easy-keeping  bulls  that  served 
to  convince  a  large  majority  of  the  breeders  of 
the  Missouri  Valley  States  that  the  Linwood 
plan  of  breeding  was  correct.  They  were  in 
demand  at  from  $300  to  $000,  not  only  th.rough- 
out  the  West  but  as  far  East  as  Ohio,  for  the 
purpose  of  heading  good  herds. 

In  connection  with  Baron  Victor  there  was 
used  at  Linwood,  among  other  well-bred  Cruick- 
shank  sires,  the  red  Barbarossa  68197,  l)onglit 
from  Mr.  Davidson,  sired  by  Cumberland  out  of 
Barmpton  Spray  by  Caesar  Augustus.    He  was 
sold  to  Mr.  Charles  E.  Leonard  of  Missouri  and 
tised  extensively  in  the  old-established  herd  at| 
Ravenswood.    Another  bull  that  achieved  rep-  j 
utation  both  as  a  stock-getter  and  prize-winner  | 
was  imp.  Double  lloster  (49888),  a  red,  sired  l)y 

*Thls  Warfleld  heifer  bred  to  Baron  Victor  produced  the  handsoiiH    ^ 
mellow-handling  red  prize  bull  Dr.  PrluiroBe  of   the  WUllamB  &  IIou^-^ 
holder  show  herd.    Anol.  er   Linwood-bred  show-yard  favorite  in  that 
eame  collection  was  the  Baron  Victor  hellor  Baroness 


Uilt 


ced  the  handsome 


CLOSING    EVENTS   OP   THE   CENTURY.         733 

narmpton  out  of  24tli  Duchess  of  Gloster  by 
Lord  ot  the  Isles.     Double  Uloster  was  sold  to 
Villmm  P.  Higinbotham,  whose  Blue  Valley 
Herd  at  Manhattan  Kan.,  was  for  several  years 
one  ot  the  best-known  collections  of  the  breed 
west  of  the  Missouri  River.  Meantime  Col  Har- 
ris became  the   heaviest  buyer  of   imported 
Cruickshank  heifers  in  the  States,  securing  the 
pick  of  all  of  James  I.  Davidson's  extensive  im- 
l.ortations  of  that  period  from  Sittyton      He 
obtained  from  this  source  and  transferred  to 
the     sunny  slopes  of  Linwood"  such  females 
us  Lady  of  the  Meadow,  by  Chancellor;  Barmp- 
ton  Crocus,  by  same  sire;  Lavender  38th,  by 
Dunblane;  the  26th,  27th  and  28th  Duchesses  of 
C;loster,   sired   by  Perfection,  Chancellor  and 
Cumber  and  respectively;  Lovoly41st  and  Wood 
Violet,  by  Cumberland;  Victoria  76th  by  Vik- 
mg;  Stephanotis,  a  grand  roan,  by  Dunblane- 
era  and  Lady  of  Shalott,  both  by  same  bull;' 
A  arch  Violet,  by  Chancellor,  and  others     He 
also  bought  from  Messrs.    Potts  Lady  Athel- 
sUine  of  Oakland,  by  Duke  of  Richmond  out  of 
imp.  Red  Lady   and  from  Cummings  of  Buda, 
111.,  a  Sittyton  Victoria  of  the  Lowman  &  Smith 
oorij. 

The  Linwood  Golden  Drops.-Possibly  his 
most  fortunate  selection,  however,  in  the  way 
of  breeding  females  was  the  grand  roan  Nor- 
ton  s  Golden  Drop,  bred  by  C.  W.  Norton  of 


() 


m 


|-''' 


I 


1  'i 

in 

in 

r4 

in 

1  Ell 

1 1 :; 

IM 

ii 


IM.. 


734      A  nisTouY  of  siiouT-noRN  cattle. 


U:l: 


ll: 


lowii  in  IHSO  t'l'oni  the  Bates  bull  imp.  Under- 
ley  Wild  Eyes  31812  out  of  imp.  (loldeu  Drop 
4th,  imported  from  the  Kiuellur  herd  by  J.  S. 
Thompson,  and  also  known  as  Wastell's  (Joldeii 
Drop  4th.  (See  records  Vols.  XII  and  XX  A. 
S.-H.  B.)  Norton  had  procured  the  imported 
cow  from  Mr.  McCune  of  Solon,  la.  This 
Bates-crossed  Scotch  Golden  Drop  was  strong- 
backed,  heavy-(iuartered  and  deep-bodied,  with 
a  feminine  head  and  neck  and  good  dairy  (pial- 
ities.  Bred  to  the  impressive  Baron  Victor  she 
gave  Col.  Harris  the  best  females  he  ever  pro- 
duced, notwithstanding  his  repeated  "topping" 
of  the  Cruickshank  importations  of  the  "eight- 
ies." Indeed,  the  Linwood  Golden  Drops,  with 
their  beautiful  finish,  their  wealth  of  flesh,  sub- 
stance and  character  constituted,  in  the  opinion 
of  some  of  our  best  judges,  the  most  superb 
family  of  Short-horn  cattle  of  their  time  in  the 

United  States. 

Baron  Lavender  2d.  — Probably  the  best 
Cruickshank  cow  ever  owned  at  Linwood  was 
imp.  Lavender  36th.  She  was,  indeed,  a  noble 
specimen  of  Mr.  Cruickshank's  best  type,  pos- 
sessing grand  scale,  astonishing  breadth,  depth 
and  thickness  of  rich  flesh.  Unfortunately  this 
royal  specimen  of  her  race  had  such  an  irre- 
pressible tendency  to  take  on  flesh  that  she  be- 
came barren  in  her  very  prime  and  was'finally 
sent  to  the  butcher.    In  the  autumn  of  1S85 


PLE. 

i[).  Under- 
Ideii  I)n>i» 
rtl  l)y  .J.  S. 
U'slJoldou 
iiid  XX  A. 
I  imported 
la.  This 
;^iis  stroug- 
)died,  with 
ilairy  (iiial- 
Victor  she 
e  ever  pro- 
"  topping" 
the  "eight- 
)rops,  with 
[  flesh,  siib- 
ihe  opinion 
lOst  superb 
time  in  the 

Y  the  best 
iiwood  was 
sed,  a  noble 
b  type,  pos- 
adth,  depth 
inately  this 
ch  an  irre- 
ihat  she  l)e- 
was'finally 
mn  of  1SS5 


f' 


CLOSING    EVENTS   OF   THE   CENTURY.         735 

this  wonderful  cow  had  dropped  to  a  service  by 
|{aron  Victor  the  handsome  red-roan  hull  calf 
Haron  Lavender  2d  72()1().     Me  was  a  youngster 
of  extraordinary  promise  from  the  start,  hut 
the  loss  of  his  dam  not  then  being  anticipated 
iio  was  sold  at  a  good  price  to  head  a  local  herd 
U  hen  It  was  discovered  that  his  mother  would 
no  longer  breed  Col.  Harris  bought  back  Baron 
bavender  2d,  and  it  is  speaking  within  bounds 
t()  state  that  this  bull  was  by  odds  the  greatest 
of  all  the  many  capital  bulls  bred  at  Linwood 
A  widespread,  massive,  low-legged,  richly-fur- 
lushed  animal  of  strong  character,  Baron  Lav- 
ender 2d  was  probably  the  peer  of  any  bull  of 
the  breed  yet  produced  on  this  side  the  Atlan- 
tic.   It  has  always  been  a  matter  for  sincere 
regret  that  his  period  of  service  in  the  fine 
herd  at  Linwood  was  so  short. 

Another  valuable  Lavender  ball  by  Baron 
Victor  was  the  golden-skinned  Baron  Lavender 
3(1  78854,  out  of  imp.  Lavender  38th.  He  was 
a  thick-set,  mellow  bull  of  beautiful  quality 
sold  to  William  P.  Higinbotham,  and  by  hini 
to  b.  F.  Lockridge  of  Indiana. 

Imp.  Craven  Knight.-Considerable  diffi- 
culty had  been  met  with  in  finding  a  bull  to 
breed  upon  Baron  Victor's  heifers.  In  addition 
to  Barbarossa  and  Double  Gloster,  Col  Harris 
imported  two  young  bulls  of  Mr.  Cruickshank's 
own   selection,  one  of  which.  Master  of  the 


P.i   n 


i   1 


■    '' 

u                 1 

1 

....  hiiMi 

144 

736      A  nisTOfiY  OF  short-horn  cattle. 


t 


11 
I* ' 


Rolls  99648,  got  some  good  stock,  but  neither 
of  them  seemed  just  what  was  wanted,  and 
they  were  given  a  short  trial  and  sold.  Subse- 
quently he  bought  probably  the  handsomest 
Cruickshank  bull  ever  seen  in  the  Western 
States,  imp.  Craven  Knight  96923,  imported  for 
Luther  Adams,  Storm  Lake,  la.,  and  sired  i)y 
Cumberland  out  of  Golden  Autumn  by  Barmp- 
ton.*  Craven  Knight  was  a  short-legged, 
evenly-built  red  of  rare  symmetry  and  finish, 
having  a  good  head,  a  first-class  middle-piece 
and  remarkable  hind  quarters.  It  was  be- 
lieved at  Linwood  when  Craven  Knight  was 
obtained  (along  with  another  selection  of  im- 
ported Sittyton  heifers  of  Luther  Adams' 
importation)  that  a  worthy  successor  to  Baron 
Victor  had  been  found.  His  first  calves,  how- 
ever, did  not  begin  to  develop  quite  early  enough 
to  satisfy  the  exacting  requirements  of  the  pro- 
prietor, and  before  the  bull's  value  was  real- 
ized he  was  sold  to  the  Kansas  Agricultural 
College  at  Manhattin,  only  to  be  rescued  and 

*Wllllam  Miller,  who  imported  Craven  Knight,  says:  "Among  the  best 
of  the  Sittyton  cows  at  the  time  of  my  last  visU  were  Victoria  68th  and 
Golden  Autumn.  As  I  saw  thorn  tied  in  a  douole  stall  together  they  were 
cows  of  a  good  deal  the  same  character,  rather  small,  but  character  and 
quality  all  o-ver  (red).  The  58th  was  dam  of  two  I  brought  out,  aH  well 
as  of  Baron  Victor,  to-wit. :  Arthur  Johnston's  Indian  Chief,  so  noted  as 
a  getter,  and  Victoria  8(th  that  I  kept  for  myself,  but  did  no  trood.  The 
other  was  dam  of  Craven  Knight  that  was  my  choice  of  the  Sittyton  bull 
calves  of  that  year,  and  T  would  not  have  pot  him  out  had  Cruickshank  not 
promised  Harris  two  bulls  ar.d  two  hetfora  which  he  could  only  send  out 
by  me.  and  I  told  him  I  would  not  bring  them  unless  he  gave  me  flrst  choice 
of  his  bull  calves." 


CLOSING   EVENTS   OF   THE   CENTURY.         737 

restored  at  the  head  of  the  herd  several  years 
later,  after  repeated  efforts  and  the  expenditure 
of  large  sums  of  money  in  endeavoring  to  find 
satisfactory  stock  bulls.  The  ultimate  verdict 
was  that  had  Craven  Knight  received  full  op- 
portunity he  would  possibly  have  equaled  the 
record  of  Baron  Victor  as  a  sire. 

A  search  for  sires.— Another  imported  bull 
tested  at  Linwood  was  the  red  Thistletop  83876 
imported  ti  1885  by  Mr.  Davidson.    He  left 
some  good  stock,  among  others  the  bulls  El 
Sabio  103105,  used  some  before  being  sold,  and 
Thistle  wood  95417,  from  imp.  Victoria  63d— 
the  last  sire  used  in  the  herd  of  J.  H.  Potts  & 
Son.    A  trial  was  also  made  of  imp.  Royal 
Pirate  100640,  imported  direct  from  Sittyton 
and  sired  by  Gondolier  98287  out  of  Victoria 
77th  by  Dunblane.     This  was  a  bull  of  great 
scale,  with  a  remarkable  back,  but  scarcely  as 
compactly  fashioned  as  the  best  of  the  Scotch 
type. 

Several  other  home-bred  bulls  were  tested 
One  of  these,  Lord  Mayor  112727,  was  a  good 
red,  sired  by  Baron  Lavender  2d  out  of  imp 
Lady  of  the  Meadow,  one  of  the  best  breeding 
matrons  of  the  herd.  It  was  from  Lord  Mayor 
and  old  Norton's  Cxolden  Drop  that  the  red 
(golden  Lord  119422,  chief  stock  sire  in  service 
at  the  dispersion  of  the  herd,  was  produced. 
Ulahad  103259,  a  short-legged,  well-fleshed  red 

47 


788 


A    HISTORY    OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


M 


— one  of  the  few  animals  sired  by  imp.  Master 
of  the  Rolls  1)9468 — out  of  Galanthus,  daughter 
of  imp.  Gladiolus,  was  also  largely  used  toward 
the  last.  He  had  been  sold  when  young  to 
Messrs.  Hawk  of  Beattie,  Kan.,  but  developed 
such  typical  Scotch  thrift  and  thickness  that 
he  was  bought  back  for  stock  purposes.  He 
was  a  medium-sized  bull  of  much  quality,  and 
proved  a  useful  sire.  We  should  also  mention 
the  roan  Lord  Athol  122011— by  Golden  Knight 
out  of  the  Potts-bred  Lady  Athelstane  of  Lin- 
wood  by  imp.  Knight  Templar  6B658 — that  got 
from  Princess  Alice  a  high-priced  bull  presently 
to  be  mentioned. 

It  is  doubtful  if  the  history  of  Short-horn 
breeding  in  the  United  States  affords  a  more 
striking  illustration  of  enterprise  in  endeavor- 
ing to  secure  stock  bulls  of  the  highest  possil)le 
merit  than  is  furnished  by  the  record  of  Lin- 
wood  Farm.  In  addition  to  the  various  bulls 
above  named,  many  of  which  wei .  bought  at 
strong  prices,  the  champion  show  bull  imp. 
Cupbearer  91228  was  leased  from  Luther  Adams 
and  tried,  but  with  disappointing  results.  From 
Milton  E.  Jones,  Williamsville,  111.,  the  mellow- 
skinned,  short-legged  red  Spartan  Hero  77982 
was  hired  and  used  with  a  fair  degree  of  suc- 
cess. This  bull  was  of  Sittyton  breeding,  im- 
ported by  Mr.  Davidson  and  sold  to  Messrs. 
Cookson  of  Iowa.    He  was  sired  by  Barniptou 


LE. 

p.  Master 
(laughter 
id  toward 
young  to 
leveloped 
ness  tliat 
:)se.s.  lie 
ality,  and 
»  mention 
m  Knight 
le  of  Lin- 
-that  got 
presently 

hort-horn 
is  a  more 
Bndeavor- 
t  possihle 
d  of  Lin- 
ious  bulls 
30ught  at 
bull  imp. 
ler  Adams 
ts.  From 
e  mellow- 
ero  7791^2 
ee  of  suc- 
kling, im- 
o  Messrs. 
Barmptou 


CLOSING    EVENTS   OF    THE   CENTURY.  730 

Col.  Harris  was  convinced  toward  the  close  of 
his  breeding  operations  that  the  Sittyton  cattle 
.stood  in  need  of  fresh  blood.    In  1S92  he  made 
a  tour  of  England  and  Scotland,  visiting  the 
Royal  show  at  Warwick  and  spending  !ome 
ime  with   Messrs.   Duthie,   Cruickshank  and 
Marr  in  Aberdeenshire.    He  found   that  his 
judgment  in  this  regard  did  not  differ  from 
hat  of    he  best-informed  authorities  in  Great 
lintain  but  at  the  same  time  he  saw  nothW 
upon  that  trip  which  seemed  to  him  Ukelv  to 
cross  with  the  Linwood  cows  and  heifers  with 
be    er  prospects  of  success  than  a  sort  already 

o^ne     He  therefore  determined  to  test  bulls 

bred  from  the  Linwood  Goldan  Drops,  selecting 

or  that  purpose  the  roan  Golden  Pirate  103411 

he  red-roan  Golden  Knight  10808G,  and  the  red 

Golden  Lord  119422.     Some  fresh  blood  was 

also  obtained  through  another  channel-the 

Prince&s  Alice.- hi  the  purchase  of  t.his  su 
pei^  daughter  of  Field  Marshal  the  propX 
of  Linwood  gave  further  evidence  of  his  ,ood 
judgment  and  great  enterprise.  Princess  AUcl 
was  beyond  question  one  of  the  grS  tow 
l>roduced  by  the  Short-horn  breed  during  tL 
closing  years  of  the  century,  adding  to  Field 


i'l 


'! 


I'M 

h 

f 

,  £  :ii)i 

iiiii 

740 


A    HISTORY    OF    STIORT-HORN    CATTLE. 


M 


i  I 


!!i 


Marshcil's  European  fame  by  producing  at  Lin- 
wood  some  of  the  best  stf)ck  bulls  used  in  the 
United  States  in  the  recent  past.  Selected  and 
imported  by  William  Miller  for  Luther  Adams, 
and  a  champion  female  at  Western  State 
fairs  in  her  yearling  form,  she  was  bought  by 
John  Hope  of  Bow  Park  at  the  Lakeside  dis- 
persion at  Chicago  in  188U.  Col.  Harris  pur- 
chased her  shortly  afterward,  and  for  a  num- 
ber of  years  she  was  one  of  the  chief  ornaments 
of  the  herd  that  grazed  the  luxuriant  pastures 
of  Linwood. 

Bred  to  Craven  Knight  she  produced  in  LSOl 
the  roan  Young  Marshal  110705.  As  a  yearling 
he  was  broad,  low  and  thick,  and  was  sold  to 
L.  W.  Brown  &  Son,  Sangamon  Co.,  111.,  who 
fitted  him  for  the  World's  Columbian  Exposi- 
tion at  Chicago  in  1898,  winning  first  prize  in 
the  class  for  two-year-old  l)ulls  over  thirteen 
competitors.  He  subsequently  passed  into  the 
possession  of  Mr.  Aaron  Barber,  Avon,  N.  Y., 
in  whose  hands  he  sired  some  of  the  best  show 
cattle  seen  on  the  American  circuit  during  the 
past  ten  years,  besides  winning  prizes  himself 
at  the  head  of  the  Avon  herd.  While  he  grew 
somewhat  uneven  in  his  flesh  on  account  of  his 
early  forcing  for  the  Columbian,  he  was  a  bull 
of  strong  character  and  outstanding  substance. 
In  January,  1892,  Alice  gave  ])irth  to  the  roan 
calf  Prince  Royal  118305,  by  Craven  Knight,  a 


'mJKBn^- 


OLORINO    KVENT8   OF   TIIK   CENTIJKY.         74] 

Imll  Of  Hne  promise  timt  was  sold  foi-sei'vice  in 

l.e  I,erd  of  Tl.omas  II.  Mastin  of  Kansas  «ty 

I  o  a  service  by  i,„p.  Spartan  Hero  the  I'rincess 

Moo    l^Ml.  that  grew  into  a  massive,  mellow- 
Heslied  bull  that  had  the  distinguished  homn- of 
winhiMg,  as^reeently  as  1S99,  for  Messrs.  Miller 
of  Indiana  the  championship  of  America  at  the 
Illinois  State  Fair  in  his  seven-year-old  foi-m 
and  at  the  same  show  one  of  his  daughters,  the 
beautiful  roan  Sallie  OiH,*  was  champion  ll 
male;    the    double    winning   constituting   an 
achievement    unique    in    the   annals    of   the 
Western  show-yard,    hi  18-J3   Princess  Alice 
produced  Koyal  Knight  117203,  red  with  white 
niurks-sired  by  the  Golden  Drop  bull  (jolden 
Knight  108086-that  was  good  enough  to  be 
used  for  a  time  at  Linwood 

r,.fvi'%^-'  l!f  ?  *7°  ^"^  ^^'^"''^  '^0 services  by 
C  aven  Knight  before  .s',e  settled  down  to  the 

nil  trade;  one  known  as  Alice  Maude,  that 

as  bought  from  Luther  Adams  for  expm-t  to 

Mexico,  and  the  other  the  rich-fleshed   sappy 

lany  Queen,  calved  at  Linwood  in  1890  and 

shown  successfully  by  Col.  Harris:     The.se  were 

oth  paragons  of  Short-horn  excellence,  but 

ed"%r"*>f  "^^  -"J  the  other  failed  to 
b>eecl.    The  old  cow  was  finally  sold  at  a  good 

..  »SS  S  Z'^ZtZ  Z'ZI'X  T"'"  ""*  ■«>'«  -«" 

Sem  by  Broker.  ^  '*'"^  *™P  ^^^«  of  Alrdrle,  from  Imp. 


f 


i. 

!  f 


ill 


)• 


742 


A    HISTORY   OF  SHORT-HORN    CATTLE. 


i?i) 


h 


^  : 


If, 


\\~hil ! 


■ 

i 

price  to  Col.  T.  S.  Moberley  of  Kentucky,  along 
with  a  heifer  calf  (Alice  of  Forest  Grove)  hy 
Galahad  at  foot.  She  was  at  the  time  in 
calf  to  the  young  Linwood-bred  Lord  Athol 
122011,  and  with  this  service  resumed  l)ull 
breeding,  giving  her  Kentucky  buyer  the  red 
Alice's  Prince  122593.  At  the  Moberley  disper- 
sion the  cow  and  bull  calf  were  purchased  by 
E.  B.  Mitchel  &  Son,  Danvers,  111.,  who  sold 
Alice  s  Prince  to  Messrs.  Wallace  of  Missouri, 
from  whom  he  has  recently  been  bought  by 
Mr,  Aar<vi>  Barber  at  a  reported  price  of  $2,000. 
The  Galahad  heifer  went  to  Texas.  The  old 
Princess  finished  her  extraordinary  career  of 
usefulness  by  giving  the  Messrs.  Mitchell,  in 
1897,  the  white  bull  Prince  Armour  127794,  ])y 
Baron  Cruickshank  3d  117968,  that  has  main- 
tained the  credit  of  his  family  during  the  past 
two  seasons  by  repeated  winnings  on  the  West- 
ern circuit.  The  virtual  loss  of  the  three  heif- 
ers mentioned  was  little  short  of  a  calamity  to 
the  breed. 

Linwood's  salutary  influence. — No  man  ever 
undertook  the  promotion  of  Short-horn  inter- 
ests more  earnestly  or  unselfishly  than  Col. 
Harris.  A  man  of  strong  convictions,  sincere, 
honest,  aggressive  and  convincing  in  advocacy 
of  what  he  believed  to  be  right,  his  influence  as 
a  breeder  and  as  a  director  of  the  Rerd-Book 
Association    upon    the  course  of    Short-horu 


^.0 


E. 

y,  along 
rove)  l)y 
time  in 
•d  Athol 
Led    bull 

the  red 
y  disper- 
lased  by 
vho  sold 
yiissouri, 
►ught  by 
)f  $2,000. 

The  old 
career  of 
chell,  in 
27794,  by 
IS  main- 
the  past 
he  West- 
iree  heif- 
amity  to 

man  ever 
rn  inter- 
han  Col. 
,  sincere, 
idvocacy 
uence  as 
erd-Book 
lort-horn 


■  r. 


I  J 


1  .     .1!  i 


1 

ir^ 

^^Hj' 

i 

rF* 

1 1 1 

t » . 

4-     ! 

ll 

[i"! 

^^^■1  it' 

^^^Hf  ' 

t '  ■  il 

» 

LJ. 

^■isfi 

s^ 

ir. 


V''-( 


Tt 


CLOSING    EVENTS   OB^   THE   CENTURY.         743 

breeding  in  America  during  the  period  follow- 
ing the  speculative  "boom"  of  the  "seventies" 
was  perhaps  greater  than  that  of  any  other  one 
man  identified  with  the  trade  from  1882  to  1895, 
and  was  ever  on  the  side  of  reason  and  sound 
practice.     It  was  generally  conceded  that  Lin- 
wood  at  its   best  was  the  outstanding  herd 
of  the  United  States,  and  foreign  visitors  ques- 
tioned if  it  had  a  superior  in  Great  Britain.    It 
was  for  a  time  the  Mecca  toward  which  Western 
In-eeders  directed  their  steps  in  quest  of  stock 
sires.     While  the  surplus  was  usually  disposed 
of  at  good  prices  at  private  treaty,  the  herd 
was  maintained  for  the  most  part  during  a 
period  when  values  of  pedigreed  cattle  were  at 
a  comparatively  low  ebb.     Nevertheless  sev- 
eral successful  public  sales  were  made  at  Chi- 
cago, Kansas  City  and  Manhattan,  Kan. 

Affairs  agricultural,  however,  were  drifting 
from  bad  to  worse.  After  the  financial  panic 
of  1893,  discouraged  by  the  profound  and 
widespread  depression,  and  now  confronted  by 
many  difficulties  in  his  efforts  at  sustaining  the 
merit  of  the  herd  at  its  former  level,  the  pro- 
prietor at  length  listened  to  the  call  of  the 
people  of  his  adopted  State  and  consented  to 
serve  them,  first  in  the  House  of  Representa- 
tives and  later  in  the  Senate  of  the  United 
States.  Under  these  circumstances  the  disper- 
sion of  the  herd  was  inevitable,  the  event  oc- 


W'il 


'WiiSi 


I 


u 


744        A   HISTORY   OF    SHORT-IIOUN   CATTLE. 

curring  Mty  6,  lh%,  at  the  home  fiirrii.  While 
it  called  out  uiie  of  the  largest  and  most  ve{)\v- 
sentative  gatherings  of  breeders  ever  seen  upon 
a  similar  occasion  in  the  Western  States,  times 
were  then  at  their  very  worst,  and  it  was  impos- 
sible that  anything  like  nigh  prices  should  be 
realized.  The  stock  had  not  been  kept  in 
strong  condition  during  the  few  seasons  im- 
mediately preceding  th^  sale,  and  had  not  re- 
ceived the  proprietor's  (dose  personal  attention. 
Many  of  the  "plums"  of  the  herd  had  been  sold 
privately.  Everything  upon  the  farm,  ex<*e[)t 
a  few  old  cows,  was  catalogued,  and  the  entire 
lot  of  both  sexes  and  all  ages,  passed  through 
the  ring,  without  special  preparation,  at  :i  g(Mi- 
eral  average  of  $205  foi-  the  sixty-three  head. 

J.  J.  Hill  of  North  Oaks. — Tnthe  summer  of 
1882  Mr.  J.  J.  Hill  of  St.  Paul,  Minn.,  the  rail- 
way king  of  the  Northwest,  began  importing 
both  Scotch  and  Bates-bred  Short-horns  from 
Great  Britain.  He  also  made  large  importa- 
tions of  Aberdeen- Angus  cattle  from  Scotland. 
Both  herds  were  maintained  upon  the  sandy 
soil  of  the  farm  of  North  Oaks,  near  St.  Paul, 
a  body  of  land  not  specially  adapted  for  agri- 
cultural purposes.  The  imported  cattle  were 
selected  mainly  by  Mr.  Robert  Bruce. 

The  first  shipment  of  Short-horns  included 
the  massive,  prize-winning  roan  l)ull  Gambetta 
(49618),  bred  by  Mr.  Garhetty,  Fochabers,  Scot- 


.  While 
)st  repre- 
een  upon 
;es,  tinips 
as  inipos- 
houkl  be 

kept  in 
sons  im- 
d  not  re- 
ittention. 
been  sold 
11,  except 
he  entire 
.  thron^di 
at  'i  gen- 
e  head, 
ummerof 

the  rail- 
mporting 
)rns  from 

importa- 
Scotland. 
he  sandy 
■  St.  Paul, 
I  for  agri- 
ittle  were 


() 


CLOSING   EVENTS   OF   THE   CENTURY.         745 

land,  tracing  on  the  dam's  side  to  Fanny,  by 
Garioch  Lad.     Wi ':h  Ganibetta  came  the  fine 
roan  cuw  Rose  of  Dalkeith  (of  the  Duke  of  Buc- 
cleiich's  breeding),  carrying  the  blood  of  Royal 
L]rrant  and  Sir  James  the  Rose.     There  was 
also  the  Clipper  cow  Cinderella  2d.     In  May, 
883,  the  Hates-bred  roan  bull  Berkeley  Dulie 
f  Oxford  2d  54790,  bred  by  Lord  Fitzhardinge 
and  sired  by  thocelobrated  Duko  of  Connaught, 
was    imported    along  with    three    Bates-bred 
heifers.     Lati  r   in   the   year  additional  ship- 
ments of  Scotch  and  mixed-bred  cattle  of  much 
individual  merit  were  made,  embracing  such 
good  cows  as  IJelle  of  Albion,  Golden   Lace, 
•lolden    Mint.   Fannie   B.   30th,  Jennie    Lind 
12th,  Venus  2d  and  Sweet  Pea.    Li  June,  1884, 
Mr.  Hill  received  from  England  a  lot  of  Bates- 
bred   cattle,  including  Grand    Duchesses  43d 
and  47th,  Duchtss  of  Wappenham,  Duchess  of 
Oxford  2d,  Grand  Duchess  of  Barringtonia  5th, 
Conishead  Wild  Eyes  2d,  Wild  Lady  M,  Lady 
York  and  Thorndale  Bates  8th,  and,  fr.  ni  Lord 
Lovat  of  Scotland,  Young  Julia  3d. 

In  the  spring  of  1885  Mr.  Bruce  bought  on 
order  some  )rty  yearling  bulls,  mainly  in  the 
North  of  ScotlanrT  that  were  shipped  out  to 
North  Oaks.  He  also  secured  for  Mr.  Hill  the 
Highland  Society's  first-prize  roan  bull  Gold- 
finder  (47967),  bred  from  the  famous  show  stock 
of  Mr.  Handley  oi  Westmoreland,  and  sired  by 


W  f 

'1 

t 

ii 

h 

u 

■i 

•  «! 


7K)        A    IVIHTORY    OF    HHOKT-HDHN    CATTLE. 


1 1 


hri 


?i; 


the  celebrated  English  l)ull  Sir  Arthur  Ingnmi 
(8241)0),  a  roan  bred  by  Linton  of  Siioriff  Hidton. 
(loidfinder  was  bought  from  Jas.  Bruce  of  Burn- 
side.  During  this  sreason  Mr.  John  Hope,  who 
was  buying  cattle  in  England  for  Bow  Park, 
selected  for  North  Oaks  ten  head  of  Duchesses, 
Oxfords  and  other  Bates-bred  sorts,  among  tiiesc 
bein.«^  Duchess  125tli  from  Allsopp's,  Duchess  of 
Leicester  from  llolford's  and  Duchess  of  Ilow- 
fant  from  Sir  Curtis  Lampson's. 

In  LSS()  Mr.  Liill  imported  the  bull  Duke  of 
Surrey  U2()1S — of  A.  11.  Lloyd's  bree<ling,  sirod 
by  27th  Duke  of  Airdrie  out  of  (irand  Duchess 
48th — four  three-year-old  cows  and  one  heifer 
calf.  He  also  purchased  about  this  same  time 
two  Grand  Duchess  cows  at  a  sale  held  in  Chi- 
cago by  Mr.  IL  Y.  Attrill,  and  as  this  imported 
bull  was  of  that  tribe  the  herd  now  possessed  a 
considerable  collection  of  the  Bates-bred  Duch- 
esses. The  females  sent  out  with  the  Duke  of 
Surrey  were  a  grand  lot,  including  the  High- 
land Society's  first-prize  two-year-old  heifer 
Chief  Lustre  2d,  the  three-year-old  Bonny  Gypsy 
bred  by  Mr.  Duthie,  Charm  from  Hugh  Aylmer's 
and  Severn  Daisy — an  English  winner  with 
heifer  calf  at  foot  by  Piers  Gaveston  (50159). 

On  May  9,  1888,  at  a  public  sale  at  North 
Oaks,  thirty-seven  head  sold  for  an  average  of 
^B()0.50.  William  Steele,  a  lumberman  of  Ionia. 
Mich.,  bought  Grand  Duchess  of  North  Oaks  2d 


K. 

lluUoii. 
[)f  Burii- 
)po,  wild 
vv  I'ark. 
ichessos, 
11^  tln'sc 
ichessof 
of  llow- 

Duke  of 
ng,  sired 
1)  lie  boss 
le  heifer 
me  time 
:1  in  Chi- 
m  ported 
ssessed  a 
3d  Dnch- 
Duke  of 
le  Higli- 
d   heifer 

ly  tiypsy 

^ylmer's 
ler  with 
(50159). 
it  North 
^erage  of 
of  Ionia. 
[  Oaks  2d 


CLOHINO    EVENTS   OP'   THE   CENTfTRY.         747 

at  $1,550,  imp.  Oxford  21)th  at  $1,00(1  and  imp. 
Diike  of  North  Oaks  2d  at  $750.  I  J.  (J.  Kumsey 
of  Buffalo  took  imp.  Duchess  of  Kowfant  at 
$1,U00.*  H.  C.  G.  Bals  of  Indianapolis  bought 
Xorth  Oaks  Lady  of  Oxford  2d  at  $1,550.  Col. 
William  S.  King  got  North  Oaks  Countess  of 
Oxford— a  white  yearling— at  $1,000.  A  num- 
ber of  Scotch-bred  females  were  offered,  but 
sold  at  a  much  lower  range  of  values. 

Mr.  Hill  did  not  long  maintain  the  herd,  but 
the  blood  of  his  best  cattle  proved  of  much 
value  to  Western  breeders.     He  stea<lfastly  de- 
dined  to  compete  at  the  fairs  with  breeding 
stock,  but  for  several  seasons  was  an  active 
competitor  with  both  Short-horns  and  Angus 
at  the  Chicago  Fat-Stock  Show.    Probably  his 
i)est  Short-horn  steer  was  the  roan  Britisher, 
tliat  was  a  prize-winner  at  the  show  of  1889* 
John  T.  Gibson  had  charge  of  the  herds  until 
April  1,  1891,  when  William   Miller  assumed 
the  management.    The  latter  remained  at  the 
helm  one  year.    Twelve  months  later,  in  April, 
1SI)3,  he  purchased  the  entire  North  Oaks  Herds 
of  Short-horns  and   Aberdeen-Angus  —  about 
one  hundred  head  of  each.     About  one-half  of 
each  herd  was  shipped  to  Chicago  and  sold  at 
auction  at  the  panic  prices  then  prevailing. 
The  remainder  were  taken  to  Lakeside  Farmj 

•Mr.  Rumsey  had  sold  twenty-thrde  head  of  Short-horns  at  Chicago  on  the 
previous  week  at  an  average  of  $m.  Mr.  William  Steele  paying  »1 100  for 
Cambridge  Rose  22d  and  11 ,080  for  Cambridge  Rose  25th. 


I 


fm  i 


I 


if  mn 


I 


:]; 


748 


A    HISTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


w 


m- 


I  j:  I M 

if: 


\§f' 


l!^ 


.  t' 


wl^ 


i^ilil 


Storm  Lake,  la.,  where  Mr.  Sherley,  the  pro- 
prietor, took  an  interest  in  them.  The  Short- 
horns were  at  length  dispersed  at  auction  at 
Lakeside  in  1895. 

Hope's  show  herds  of  1887  and  1889.— 
In  the  fall  of  1887,  Mr.  John  Hope,  manager 
for  the  Messrs.  Nelson  at  Bow  Pa,rk,  appeared 
in  the  West  with  one  of  the  most  remarkable 
show  herds  seen  since  the  days  of  Col.  King  of 
Lyndale.  The  lot  was  headed  by  the  very  good 
show  bull  Baron  Warlaby,  but  v/as  chiefly  re- 
markable for  its  imported  females,  incliidiiig 
Lady  Isabel,  Havering  Nonpareil  2d  and  Duch- 
ess of  Lincoln,  selected  in  England  for  the  ex- 
press purpose  of  "starring"  the  American  show 
circuit.  Baron  Warlaby  was  bred  by  Mr.  Groff 
of  Ontario,  and  was  got  by  the  Booth-bred 
Knight  of  Warlaby  out  of  a  cow  tracing  to 
imp.  Beauty  by  Snow^ball.  Lady  Isabel  and 
Havering  Nonpareil  2d  were  both  shown  in  the 
cow  class  at  the  great  Western  fairs  of  1887, 
creating  a  profound  sensation.  Both  were 
roans  of  magnificent  scale,  direct  from  the 
hands  of  expert  English  "fitters." 

Lady  Isabel,  called  by  Hope  "the  grandest 
cow  seen  since  Lady  Fragrant,"  was  bred  by 
John  Outhwaite,  of  Bain  esse,  Yorkshire,  and 
was  sired  by  the  white  bull  Crown  Prince 
(38061)— a  brother  of  the  Rev.  B.  B.  Kinnard's  re- 
nowned English  show  cow  Queen  Mary— out  of 


id  1889.^ 

e,  manciger 

\,  appeared 

L-emarkable 

)ol.  King  of 

e  very  good 

chiefly  re- 

i,  including 

and  Duch- 

for  the  ex- 

3rican  show 

>y  Mr.  Groff 

Booth-ln'ed 

tracing  to 

Isabel  and 

lown  in  the 

irs  of  1887, 

Both   were 

}  from  the 

le  grandest 
as  bred  by 
k shire,  and 
wn  Prince 
innard's  re- 
ary— out  of 


i 


M 


(! 


1 

1 

i 

I 

1 

1 

ft 


I 


CLOSING    EVENTS   OP    TITE   CENTURY.         749 

Lady  Coiiyers  by  the  Royal  prize  bull  Lord  Go- 
(lolphin  (86065).     Notwithstanding  the  fact  that 
she  had  produced  two  heifers  and  one  bull  she 
was  shown  in  reasonable  bloom  at  the  enor- 
mous weight  of  2,100  lbs.,  carried  upon  short, 
neat  bone.     Havering  Nonpareil  2d,  although 
not  laid  out  on  so  grand  a  scale  as  the  mas- 
sive Lady  Lsabel,  was  a  beautiful  type,  present- 
ing a  rare  combination   of  flesh  and  finish, 
entering  the  ring  at  a  weight  of  near  2,000  lbs.' 
She  had  been  a  winner  at  the  English  Royal 
iind  on  account  of  her  beautiful  quality  divided 
the  admiration  of  American  breeders  with  Lady 
Isabel.*    She  was  bred  by  D.  Mcintosh  of  Hav- 
ering    Park,    PJssex,    England,    from     Barri. 
<. Wynne  2d  84510,  running  through  the  fair.,,.^^ 
Telemachus  blood  to  the  Sittyton  Nonpareil 
hase;  being  a  lineal  descendant  of  Nonpareil 
19th,  by  Matadore.     Duchess  o*f  Lincoln,  the 
third  member  of  Hope's  peerless  triumvirate, 
was  an  extraordinary  Bates-topped  two-year- 
okl,  bred  by  J.  J.  Sharp  of  Broughton,  Ketter- 
nig,  England.     She  was  a  strikingly-handsome, 
broad-ribbed,  finely-conditioned  roan,  of  com- 
manding show-yard  appearance,  and  repeated 
ni  America  her  earlier  victories  on  the  other 
side  of  the  water. 


1 1 

i  11 

II 


m\ 


750        A   HISTORY   OF    SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


I 


Hope's  last  appearance  in  the  show- ring  in 
the  States  was  in  the  fall  of  1889.    He  had  pur- 
chased imp.  Cupbearer  that  spring  at  the  Adams 
sale  at  Chicago,  and  to  avoid  a  troubles- ne 
quarantine  had  placed  him  in  the  capable  hands 
of  Mr.  William  H.  Gibson,  manager  for  B.  C. 
Rumsey  at  Niagara  Stock  Farm,  Buffalo  N.  Y. 
It  must  be  svtid  to  Gibson's  credit  that  the  bull 
was  brought  out  that  fall  in  rare  bloom.  When 
he  appeared  at  the  head  of  the  Bow  Park  Herd 
at  the  Detroit  Exposition  September,  1889,  ae 
was  fit  to  stand  for  the  credit  of  the  breed  in 
any  company.     He  was  shown  at  a  weight  of 
2,500  lbs.,  and  barring  a  little  te^.dency  to 
"roll"  at  the  shoulder  was  as  smooth  as  a  year- 
ling.    Richard  Gibson  was  the  judge  upon  this 
occasion,  and  while  sending  Cupbearer  to  head 
the  aged  bull  class,  when  it  came  to  the  cham- 
pionship he  passed  him  in  favor  of  Bow  Park's 
yearling  Baron  Waterloo,  got  by  Baron  War- 
iaby  78878  out  of  Wave  Surge  by  (.7th  Duke 
of  Oxford,  tracing  through  Mr.  Torr's  "W's." 
Aylesby  and  its  Short-horn  tribes  never  failed 
to  arouse  the  enthusiasm  of  Richard,  and  as 
Bar  .n  Waterloo  was  really  a  well-ripened,  good- 
fleshed  bull  there  was  some  basis  for  defense  of 
his  unexpected  decision  placing  the  yearling 
over  the  table-backed  Scot.    Hope  won  in  fhe 
cow  class  with  Havering  Nonpareil  2d,  although 
M) .  Abrara  Renick,  the  younger— who  had  sue- 


-ring  in 
had  pur- 
e  Adams 
ibles-ne 
)le  hands 
for  B.  C. 
bio  N.Y. 
I  the  bull 
11.  When 
ark  Herd 
,  1889,  lie 
breed  in 
veight  of 
iency  to 
IS  a  year- 
upon  this 
r  to  head 
he  chani- 
)W  Park's 
ron  War- 
7th  Duke 
''s  "W's." 
ver  failed 
d,  and  as 
ued, good- 
defense  of 
1  yearling 
/on  in  the 
,  although 
3  had  suc- 


OLGCING   EVENTS   OF   THE   CENTURY.         751 

ceeded  to  his  great-uncle's  Rose  of  Sharon  herd 
-had  a  good  second  in  Rosebud  35th.  Bow 
Park  scored  also  in  two-year-old  heifers  with 
Isabella  3d,  a  handsome  daughter  of  imp.  Lady 
Isabel,  sired  by  Ingram's  Chief  41833.  In  fact 
Hope  made  a  clean  sweep  by  drawing  the  blue 
in  both  the  yearling  and  heifer-calf  classes, 
gaining  both  championships  and  both  of  the 
herd  prizes.* 

•The  affairs  of  the  Canada  West  Farm  Stock  Association  were  closed 
ai  auction  at  Brantford  Jan.  15, 1885,  the  title  to  both  the  farm  and  herd 
PHHSlng  to  Messrs.  Thomas  Nelson  &  Sons  of  Liverpool.  The  real  estate 
was  bought  in  at  $71,000,  the  116  head  of  Short-horns  at  $95,000,  and  the  other 
farm  effects  at$U,680.  Mr.  John  Clay  Jr.,  the  present  head  of  the  American 
stock-yards  commission  firm  of  Clay,  Robinson  &  Co.,  had  meantime  been 
placed  in  charge  as  financial  representative  of  the  Messrs.  Nelson  Mi 
Hope  continuing  to  act  as  herd  manager,  bervlng  in  that  capacity  until 
t)u.  final  disposition  of  the  farm  by  the  Nelsons  Jan.  1,  1891,  soon  after 
which  even'.  Mr.  Hope  died.  The  latter  had  for  a  long  series  of  years  been 
on.|  of  the  most  conspicuous  figures  in  the  American  Hve-st.,ck  trade,  often 
art  ng  as  judge,  not  only  of  cattle  but  draft  and  coach  horses  and  other 
v^irledes  of  farm  animals.  Fitting  tribute  has  been  paid  to  his  memorv  by 
Mr.  Clay,  whose  literary  skill  has  so  often  been  emploj  .  - '  in  matters  touch 
Ing  the  affairs  of  those  whose  lives  are  spent  among  herds  and  flocks 
We  quote  the  following  written  by  Mr.  Clay  for  the  lAve-Stock  Report.- 

Probably  no  single  ma:  ever  had  such  a  varied  knowledge  o:  tho 
breeders  of  fine  stock  in  Europe  and  America  as  "  genial  John."  We  might 
except  the  late  Simon  Beattie,  a  sort  of  companlon-iu-arms,  who  had  f-one 
hrough  many  a  purchasing,  selling  and  showing  campaign  with  the  above 
vyith  hose  two  gentlemen  Richard  Gibson  was  often  associated,  and  when 
lie  trio  met  there  wai  an  accumulation  of  experience  in  breeding  and  feed- 
luK  all  classes  of  stock-of  the  folk  lore,  we  might  call  It-of  the"  bovine 
world  of  anecdote,  by  sea  and  shore,  never  equaled.  Two  have  gone  from 
tm,  while  the  third  remains  to  wield  a  powerful  influence  in  agricultur^ 
matters  throughout  the  States  and  Canada.  .»«riou«urai 

I.n,i'  ''°^i1^?'l!  ^^^  ^°'°  °''*''"  "^"^  ^'""^'^  '■'^'^  "^^'^  *°  Cockermouth,  Cumber- 
land.    His  birthplace  was  near  to  an  old  church  with  a  wonderful  belfry 

T^^f""  T  ^""1  ^'■"'"  '^^''''  ^^  ^^^"^  "^'^  ^h'*""  o*  bells  floating  across 
tnff  H^  ^"'"''^  ^'''''''-  '""''  ^'•'^^•^^"'•d,  Ont.,  it  always  reminded 
him  of  the  old  days  .pent  i^.  ■  ;.  .utve  paiish.  From  Cumbe;  ^and  he  went 
to  Canada,  spent  some  tic.  In  Htdsourl,  a  year  or  two  at  Waukegan  111 
ami  then  he  settled  down  ,n  r  ...ario,  where  the  latter  part  of  his  life  was  ' 
spout,  first  Ob  a  farmer  and  U..  ..orter  of  line  stock,  and  latterly  as  assistant 
manager  and  manager  of  Bow  Park.    During  tiie  last  two  months  he  had 


i  lilr 


f, , 


'Hi 


752    A  HISTORY  OF  SHORT-HORN  CATTLE. 

Luther  Adams'  importations. — In  the  au- 
tumn of  188{)  Mr.  Luther  Adams  of  Boston. 
Mass.,  who  owned  a  large  farm  at  Storm  Lake, 
la.,  commissioned  Mr.  William  Miller  to  pro- 
ceed to  Scotland  and  select  for  his  account  a 
shipment  of  the  best  young  cattle  obtainable. 
Miller  was  admirably  qualified  for  the  work. 
As  we  have  already  seen,  he  belonged  to  a  fam- 
ily that  had  bo^^ii  identified  from  an  early  period 
with  the  importing  and  breeding  trade  of  Can- 
ada. As  a  young  man  he  had  bought  cattle  and 
sheep  in  Great  Britain;  and  his  long  and  inti- 
mate connection  w ith  the  live-stock  interests  of 
North  America  had  given  him  an  experience, 

purchased  this  eatatc;,  but  wh«thur  the  actual  details  had  been  carried 
through  or  not  we  are  unable  to  say. 

"  It  was  August,  18"fi,  In  the  Valley  of  the  Severn,  under  the  shadow  of  the 
Cotswold  Hills,  that  the  writer  first  met  Hope.  From  that  day  a  chain  of 
unbroken  friendship  that  had  to  stand  the  strain  of  many  a  gale  remulnud 
unbroken.  In  1877  or  1878  Hope  went  to  Bow  Park  as  miinager  of  the  herd 
then  one  of  the  largest  and  most  valuable  in  the  world,  and  in  187!»  I  joined 
him  at  that  place.  Bow  Park  was  not  a  tinanclal  success.  It  was  starifd 
when  the  Short-horn  business  was  on  the  wane.  Here  it  was,  however 
that  John  Hope  became  a  great  force  in  trans- Atlantic  agriculture.  M;my 
an  object  lesson  he  gave  on  the  farm  amid  the  stately  oaks  that  surmount 
the  homestead  at  Bow  Park.  There  ho  was  at  his  best.  The  fever  of  strong 
prejudices  was  laid  away,  and  before  you  was  the  animal.  Ah!  how  ho 
loved  to  look  at  them.  When  the  show  cows  were  let  out  from  their  shiidj 
boxes  at  sundown  to  graze  in  the  cool  night  air  then  came  Hope's  enjoy- 
ment. As  the  artist  loves  his  piet\:re,  the  huntsman  his  hound,  the  mother 
her  child,  so  the  idol  of  our  friend  was  the  Short-horn  cow.  For  years  it 
was  the  Alpha  and  Omega  of  his  existence.  Latterly,  when  a  happy  mar- 
riage came  across  his  path,  and  a  beautiful  family  to  cluster  round  him,  tlic 
old  love  was  dimmed  a  little,  but  the  virgin  fires  still  blazed,  and  no  later 
than  the  great  show  of  cattle  at  the  World's  Fair  Hope  was  there  as  in- 
tensely interested  as  ever.  In  the  show-yard  he  had  phenomenal  success. 
Will  the  present  race  of  American  cattlemen  ever  forget  Duke  of  Clarence 
4th,  the  Clarence  Kirklevington,  and  the  herd  of  cows  and  heifers  which  a 
few  years  ago  swept  like  a  cyclone  through  the  show-yards  of  the  States 
and  Canada?  As  an  exhibitor  Hope  was  a  strong  partisan,  and  in  the  pecu- 
liar politics  of  an  American  show-ring  he  was  an  adept.    Long  years  of  ex- 


^w^m&. 


E. 


the  aii- 
Bostoii. 
m  Lake, 
to  pro- 
icoimt  a 
iaiiuible. 
le  work. 
0  a  faiu- 
y  period 
)  of  Caii- 
ittle  and 
iiid  inti- 
erests  of 
)erience, 

been  carrlocl 

shadow  of  the 
ay  a  clialn  ol 
•ale  remulnucl 
r  of  the  herd 
Q  187!)  I  joined 
t  waa  started 
i'as,  however 
iltiire.  Many 
hat  Burmount 
3ver  of  BtronfT 

Ah!  how  he 
n  their  shady 
Hope's  enjoy- 
d,  the  mother 

For  yearn  it 
.1  happy  inar- 
ound  lilni,  the 
,  and  no  later 
B  there  as  iii- 
lenal  success, 
te  of  Clarence 
Ifers  which  a 
I  of  the  States 
id  In  the  pecu- 
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CLOSING   EVENTS   OF   THE   CENTURY.         753 

a  seasoned  judgment  and  an  acquaintance  on 
both  sides  the  water  not  excelled  by  any  other 
individual  of  his  time.  A  shrewd,  keen-witted 
■all-around"  judge,  "Willie"  Miller  ranks  as 
one  of  the  makers  of  American  Short-horn 
liistory. 

The  shipment  of  1887.-Canadian  quaran- 
ine  restrictions  had  rendered  impossible  the 
urther  forwarding  of  the  Sittyton  surplus  to  Mr 
l|a  vidson,  so  that  it  came  to  pass  that  Mr  Cruick- 
shank's  final  American  outlet  was  through  the 
medium  of  Mr.  Adams.  Arriving  in  Aberdeen- 
shire Mr.  Miller  repaired  at  once  to  Sittyton. 
Mr.  Cruickshank  was  well  sold  out  of  bulls  at 

:;:;=t:^.?r.:rrr^r  rr  ^  -^  ^•'^  ^^  ^-^^  ^°-»^^ «« 

ana  as  an  all-round  man  was   «n  f.n  .       ^"'^f'^e  was  Btrlctly  Impartial, 

...any  an  exhibitor  LdiZTe     villi  !l  t  '''''  '"''"■*'  ^  ''^^«  ^^tched 

Booth  Of  Warlaby.  a  Drew ry  of  HoC  ^.L\^T  """  ''"*°'  '''  Hlndhope.  a 
ter  years  all  of  u«  harseen  a  Talt V;  Wlnl'i'  "A?  '"  *^"  ^'''^-    '"^  ""'■ 

Leavutmthe  Chicago  st:^^:!^'::!^^^/ ^:::  :i  ^nif  •  Tl 

perception;  but  when  It  came  down  to  r-ina^  ,;h  °"'''^^'  **"  "^^'^  "^  «l"ick 
hound,  a  horse,  or  a  Herefort  I  think  TnhnT  ^'"'^'"^f*'  ^^e^her  It  was  a 
wreath,  for  with  himTt  w^S'lntu Uinn     w       '''' '^""''^  ^^^^  ^°*  '^^  ""'^'^^ 

luro  ot  his  lift  wa,  sympsthy ,  or.  lo  m  ae<n»r«m;  l.u  ,t^  ^^  ""■ 


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754        A    HISTORY   OF   aHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


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the  time,  having  but  one  for  sale  that  was 
deemed  worthy  of  importation.    This,  the  rel 
calf  Harvester,  by  Baron  Violet,  was  bought 
along  with  the  choice  heifers  Simplicity,  Gwen- 
doline, Athene,  Golden  Feather,  Sorrol,  Golden 
Crest  and  Violet  Mivst.     The  chief  stock  bull 
at  Sittyton  at  this  time  was  Cumberland,  con- 
cerning which  bull  Mr.  Miller  says:    "Cumber- 
land was  then  in  his  prime,  a  massive  roan, 
with  great  quality  and  thickness  of  llesh,  very 
strong  back  and  loin,  good  strong  head  and 
long  quarters,  but  did  not  carry  himself  with 
as  much  style  as  one  would  like.    The  more 
you  looked  at  him  the  more  you  thought  of 
him,  but  when  one  saw  his  mother.  Custard,  a 
grand  roan,  it  was  not  hard  to  divine  where  lie 
got  his  breeding  qualities."    Cumberland's  son, 
Feudal  Chief  (51251),  out  of  a  Lavender  dam, 
was  then  being  used  freely  in  the  herd.    Mr. 
Cruickshank  seemed  to  place  much  confidence 
in   him,   but    Mr.  Miller  was  not  a]togeth(M- 
pleased' with  the  bull.     He  adds:  "Commodore 
(54118),  a  grand  roan  by  Baron  Violet  (47444) 
out  of  Custard,  the  dam  of  Cumberland,  was 
the  best  bull  I  saw  at  Sittyton.    He  was  not  so 
massive  as  Cumberland,  but  finer.    I  tried  every 
way  I  could  to  buy  him  for  Mr.  Adams,  but  Mr. 
Cruickshank  would  not  price  him."    The  herds 
at  Collynie  and  T'ppermill  were  visited,  and  as 
young  stock  by  Field  Marshal  and  William  of 


CLOSING   EVENTS   OF   THE   CENTURY.         765 

Orai.ge  were  at  that  tii.ie  being  offered,  some 
adv.  itageous  pnrch:'^es  v*  re  made  from 
Messrs.  Duthie  and  a.  Fiom  the  former 
iie  got  the  Field  Marshal  heifers  Viola  5th  Fra- 
grance, Lady  P  )rothy  2d  and  Bashful  2d'*  be- 
sides the  you.g  bull  Lord  Lancaster  by  same 
sire. 

Cupbearer  bought.-The  yearling  bull  Cup- 
hearer  (52692)  had  just  been  sold  by  Mr.  Duthie 
to  an  Ontario  breeder  a^       ent  to  Liverpool  for 
shipment,  but  on  account  of  the  Canadinn  quar- 
antine proclamation  he  had  to  be  returned  to 
Collynie,  whereupon  Mr.  Miller  secured  him  for 
Mr.  Adams.    He  had  been  shonn  during  the 
summer  of  1886  as  a  yearling,  winning  first  prize 
in  a  good  class  of  two-year-olds  at  the  Royal 
Northern  and  had  the  reserve  number  next  to 
1  leld  Marshal.    He  was  a  roan  sired  by  Rob 
Roy  (45484)  out  of  the  prize  cow  Countess  4th 
descending  from  Mr.  Cruir>kshank's  Fragrance 
by  Matadore,  and  became  the  champion  show 
bull  of  America.    From  Mr.  Marr  was  obtained 
Missie  99th,  Sweet  Brier  7th,  Flora  89th  and  a 
young  bull  by  William  of  Orange.     A  promis- 
ing bull  calf,  Prince  Charlie,  bred  by  P.  R.  Smith 
of  Aberd(  enshire,  and  one  or  two  others  from 
local  breeders  came  with  the  first  importation. 

'Bashful  2d-of  the  Miss  Ramsden  tribe-was  what  American  breeders 
erm  a  genuine  "double^ecker"-a  beefy,  broad-backed  cow  with  a  lar^e 
hapely  udder.    She  was  a  heavy  milker  and  was  one  of  the  cows  chosen 
In  1893  to  represent  the  breed  In  the  Columbian  Dairy  Test 


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WEBSTER,  N.Y.  14580 

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756         A   HISTOIvY    OF   SHORT-HORN    CATTLE. 


West  Liberty  sale. — Mr.  Adams  had  niean- 
time  been  a  buyer  of  American-bred  stock  of 
standard  Bates  and  other  established  varieties, 
and  a  selection  of  these  along  with  the  major 
portion  of  the  importation  above  mentioned 
v^as  offered  at  public  sale  at  West  Liberty,  la , 
May  12,  1887.  The  catalogue  contained  the 
two  Bates-bred  heifers  Lady  Barrington  Bates 
and  Laay  Winsome  Wild  Eyes  2d,  from  one  of 
llichard  Gibson's  importations,  and  as  the  ri- 
valry between  the  Bates  and  Scotch  factions 
was  running  high  at  this  time  much  specula- 
tion was  indulged  in  as  to  relative  prices  likely 
to  prevail.  Practically  all  the  leading  breed- 
ers of  the  West  were  present,  and  as  the  cattle 
were  brought  forward  in  good  form,  notwith- 
standing their  recent  Atlantic  voyage,  some  ex- 
cellent prices  were  realized.  Evidently  a  ma- 
jority of  those  present  were  attracted  by  the 
Aberdeenshire  lots,  and  as  a  result  of  a  sharp 
contest  between  the  late  Robert  Miller  and  C. 
W.  Norton  of  Durant,  la.,  the  Sittyton  Secret 
heifer  Simplicity  was  taken  by  the  latter  at 
$1,200.  Mr.  Norton  also  took  out  the  highest- 
priced  bull  of  the  day,  imp.  Prince  Charlie,  at 
^1,000.  Lady  Barrington  Bates  brought  11,060 
and  the  imported  Scotch  heifers  sold  at  an  av- 
erage around  $500.  Robt.  Miller  secured  some 
of  the  best  of  these,  among  others  the  roan 
Violet  Mist,  afterward  the  property  of  C.  B. 


!'■> 


CLOSING   EVENTS   OF   THE   CENTURY.         75? 

when  not  in  mill  a.?d  no':;  '  '^"'^  fle^l'-camer 
quality.  It  Ta  at  thissaTeSr^'n'  "'"' 
of  West  Liberty  selected  U  ;  "'"'^^ 
The  forty-two  h  J^  !#       Harvester  at  $500. 

of  1328.31*  ^  "^^""^^  '"'^'le  a°  average 

fall  of  "sTMrtilf """*'''  "'  ""-^n  the 

_eirers  and  thirty-nme  young  bulls,  all  from 

^-rTieSlyZ.:^::^'^^''^^^-  Aaameatthe,all  fairs  of  issr  . 

auan,  that  was  probabiv  tha  .v,^         ,  "«8cenaingr  from  Imp.  Rosfinf  <jt«o*i. 
owned.    She  Hvedt'Sf nitt""  /eSr/:  '"^''"^  '^"^  "oh^L^MiS^vt 
earn  reminds  us  that  no  less  than  eleven  dr^;.^"/  '^'^  ^"'^''^^^^  *«  Str7th- 
old  cow  won  at  dlfferpnt  uJ,Z^  eieven  direct  descendants  of  the  famt , 

united  States.  Mr.'S  UTrbotSt"^^*^  ^'''^^^  ^°  Canad^a  a^?  he 
had  rained  the  ^old  medal  at  the  Hlhld  ^^  °'  ^trathallan  Just  after  she 
form.  She  carried  at  the  time  th^  S*  ^^°^  °^  ^^^^  ^^  her  flve-year-oTd 
mentioned.  The  West  as  wS  as  the Ton^f  ^'"<  ^'''^  S^rathallan  a'rrady 
'"'  "'^^y  ^ood  cattle  and  the  author  h^snit"  ^^*"•*«bt«d  to  John  iSller 

8  still  living  at  the  ripe  old  a^e  of  eleh  v  tV!  ^''  """^  Importer.    He 

tere  fs^Ti?  '°'  ^*"'-'^^'^«'  ^'^--ote  «  ^ver  W^^  ^  ^^"^^  ^  "'^^  "^ 

wlthsLrfh      """^r*  °'  »»^«  Canadian  breeders  wLv.''''"^^'*''^^^'"- 

O'lylnj  (jatlle  ana  aheeo  tor  A™  ,  ^J^"  ""'^  '"■»  M™»  the  Au,„li 
•M.  tamlllM  have  a  lonrer  o'  ml '  hn    t',"'  »"»«">'■   IntoM  te"  S 

;».tr„r:rh"rsi"rat""'r''--'-«-w^.ea. 
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758   A  HISTORY  OF  SHORT-HORN  CATTLE. 

the  herds  of  Cruickshank,  Duthie,  Marr  and 
Campbell — the  largest  importation  ever  made 
direct  from  Aberdeenshire  to  the  United  States. 
The  value  of  this  lot  of  cattle  to  American 
herds  can  scarcely  yet  be  fairly  estimated. 
Among  the  females  were  the  grand  roan  Bra- 
with  Bud  cow  Germanica  from  Sittyton,  the 
thick  heifers  Proud  Belle,  Charity  3d  and  the 
great  roan  Princess  Alice  from  Colly nie;  while 
among  the  bulls,  then  all  unknown  to  fame, 
were  Craven  Knight,  Gay  Monarch,  Indian 
Chief,  Freemason,  Pro  Consul,  Mephistopheles 
and  Master  of  the  Mint.  A  selection  from  this 
lot  was  offered  at  auction  et  Dexter  Park,  Chi- 
cago, May  16,  1888.  While  appreciation  of 
Scotch  blood  for  crossing  purposes  on  Ameri- 
can-bred cows  was  now  general  throughout  the 
entire  country,  prices  for  all  classes  of  cattle 
were  still  upon  a  very  moderate  basis.  Hence 
high  values  were  not  to  be  thought  of.  It  was 
here  that  J.  G.  Robbins  &  Sons,  Horace,  Ind., 
made  the  "hit"  of  their  career  as  breeders  by 
selecting  the  roan  Marr-bred  calf  Gay  Monarch, 
by  William  of  Orange  out  of  Alexandrina  17th 
by  Athabasca  at  1375.  Messrs.  Cookson  got  Pro 
Consul  at  $630.  Francis  Davis  of  Minnesota 
bought  Freemason  at  ^300.  Arthur  Johnston 
secured  Indian  Chief  at  $350,  and  J.  F.  Prather 
of  Village  Park,  Williamsville,  111.,  took  out 
Mephistopheles  at  $300;  the  twenty-five  bulls 


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CLOSING   EVENTS   OP   THE   CENTUEY. 

St"fve?h ■  H  ',*  '""^'  '^•'  ^'"™  -  «-"  that 
tnese  calves  had  beea  weaned  at  a  comDar, 

t'vely  early  age  in   Scotland,  shipped    4000 
mi^es  and  offered  before  opportunitfhad  been 

Sy  been  tf  fo  "'"  "'  ^'^""^  -"^^«-  H-d 
would  donhHp,'"'  ""'"*'''  "'  ^  y^'^r  they 
.«onev  Mr  m'o  "''.^« .  ^^«™Sed  double  the 
money.    Mi.  Miller  insisted  at  the  time  that 

onld'"^"f "  r"''^  ^~--  -t  ^--Z  tha 
won  d   fairly  astonish   buyers,  and  his  words 
upon  this  point  indeed  proved  nronhet.V     tk 
"ghest-priced  heifer  soil  atlhrsale' was  i^f 
itlt  ""  '''''''''  *^'^«"  "^y  T.  W.  Harney 
lakeside's   show  herd  of  1888.-At   th» 
«hows  of  1888  Lakeside  came  forwai^  in  foiJe 
Cupbearer  was  now  a  three-year-old  and  had  m 
roved  wonderfully  with  twelve  month  '  eed-" 
'ig.    He  was  never  a  typical  Scotch  bull  lack- 
ing the  essential  element  of  early  matur  v  W 
as  a  t  Wyea     ,d  he  displayed  tVatttelu 

Srwa     ::lirS  r  ^"'f  i"^  -^ 

af  fl,a  fl„  1        ,^-    ''t"!  he  wanted  falling 

'too5  i^  t he  /  ""'''"''^'- ''""  "'■•'bably  neve? 
■  tood  in  the  American  show-ring.    It  was  a 

strong  class  at  the  Iowa  State  Fair  that  year 

mcluding  N.  P.  Clarke's  big  red,  Canadian-S 

Oscar,  Barr's  imp.  Scotland's  Hero  and  the  Dn 

h.e-bred  Crown  Prince,  also  shown   by  Mr 

Clarke.     First  prize  here  fell  to  Oscar,  kit  at 


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760        A    HISTORY   OP   SHORT -HORN   CATTLE. 


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the  Illinois  show  Cupbearer  went  to  the  front, 
winning  over  Varner's  Frederick  William  4th, 
Wilhoit's  Athelslane  3(1  and  other  good  ones. 
Along  with  Cupbearer  there  came  from  Storm 
Lake  this  season  the  great  cows  Germanica  and 
Miss  Ramsden  9th.  Mr.  Clarke  was  showing 
the  beautiful  Kinellar-bred  Goldie  cow  Gypsy 
Maid,*  and  when  to  such  as  these  we  add  Wil- 
hoit's Young  Necklace  fair-goers  of  that  period 
will  have  called  to  their  minds  visions  of  Short- 
horn beauty  such  as  are  rarely  equaled.  Lake- 
side was  "loaded"  this  same  year  in  the  two- 
year-old  heifers  with  Mr.  Duthie's  Proud  Belle, 
of  a  wonderfully  wide-ribbed,  fleshy  type.  The 
peerless  Princess  Alice  was  the  yearling  and 
she  displayed  such  extraordinary  quality  that 
she  was  made  female  champion  at  several  of 
the  leading  fairs  of  the  Western  circuit.  It 
was  a  great  herd  and  when  it  gained  the  cham- 
pionship over  all  beef  breeds  at  "The  Ameri- 
can Royal  "—the  Illinois  State  Fair  at  Olney— 
it  was  indeed  a  proud  day  for  "  Willie "  Miller 
and  the  Scots. 
Third  and  last  lot.— In  January,  1889,  the 


*  Mr.  Clark's  Gypsy  Maid  was  one  of  the  finest  specimens  of  the  breed  of 
her  time  in  the  United  States.  She  possessed  something  of  the  same  quality 
and  character  as  Princess  Alice,  and  like  that  cow  left  a  valuable  progeny. 
She  was  a  roan,  bred  by  Campbell  of  Kinellar,  from  the  Sittyton-bred  Ver- 
mont 78225— running  through  Harmony  by  Pride  of  the  Isles  to  Mr.  Marr'a 
Goldie  tribe-and  WiiS  Imported  in  September,  1885,  by  John  Isaac  of  Canada. 
She  combined  rare  thickness  with  admirable  finish,  and  was  a  milker  as 
well  as  a  flesh-carrier.  Sho  was  often  shown  with  success,  and  was  the 
champion  female  of  the  breed  at  the  Iowa  State  Fair  of  1889. 


CLOSING   EVENTS   OP   THE    CENTURY.         761 

third  arid  last  of  tlie  Luther  Adams  lots  came 
over     It  consisted  of  twelve  young  bulls  and 
eighteen  heifers,  all  from   Sittyton,  the  get 
of  Gondoher,  Feudal  Chief,  Standard  Bearer, 
Cumberland  and  Commodore.    Soon  after  these 
had  been  put  through  quarantine  Mr.  Adams 
decided  upon  a  dispersion  sale  of  the  entire 
Lakeside  stock,  including  the  bulls  of  the  last 
importation  and  the  show  herd  of  1888     Even 
the   best  cattle  were  not  commanding  long 
prices  in  those  days.    Breeders  found  it  neces 
sary  to  economize  in  every  possible  way,  and 
Mr.  Adams  felt  that  the  situation  was  such  that 
It  was  impossible  to  continue  importations  from 
Scotland  with  any  prospect  of  reselling  at  a 

Mr  T  u  lu'T^'^'f/  ^^'P^^^d  «f  his  farm  to 
Ml.  1.  H.  Sherley  of  Louisville,  Ky    and  rata 

Sttfrr  nt^'  °^  Short.ho^.'S;so,d 
at  Dexter  Park,  Chicago,  April  25,  1889.  Few 
better  lots  ever  went  under  the  auctioneer's 
hammer  m  the  Western  States,  and  if  by  some 
w.  chei-y  this  herd  could  be  restored  to  We  and 

days  of  the  nineteenth  century  quite  another 
story  could  be  told  as  to  the  result.  The  beau 
Wul  Princess  Alice  fell  to  the  bidding  of  John 
Hope  of  Bow  Park  at  «710.  John  was  never 
ZZl:'  'T  P"-'"'  *°  Scotch-brTd  ca  tie, 
skilled  judgment  with  irresistible  force.    Mr 


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762        A    HIHTOUY   OF   HIIORT-HORN    CATTLE. 

Dustin  got  Victoria  79th,  Proud  Belle  and  Ger- 
manica  2d  at  $425,  $420  and  $325  respectively. 
Hugh  Draper,  Wa^^hington,  la.,  got  the  rich- 
fleshed  roan  Fatinia  at  $400.  Messrs.  Potts  se- 
cured Germauica  at  $395.  Miss  Ramsden  10th 
went  to  L.  11.  Conn  of  St.  Louis  at  $325.  Prin- 
cess Alice's  sappy  heifer  Alice  Maude  was  se- 
cured by  the  author  of  this  volume  on  a  bid  of 
$300  for  export  to  Mexico.  J.  R.  Jones  &  Son, 
Williamsville,  III,  bought  Blythesome  Bride  at 
$230.  The  show^  bull  Strathearn  went  to  Geo. 
Harding  &  Son,  Waukesha,  Wis.,  at  $700.  Cup- 
bearer was  bought  by  John  Hope  at  $650.  C.  C. 
Platter,  Red  Oak,  la.,  got  imp.  Bandmaster,  aft- 
erward noted  as  a  sire  in  the  herd  of  H.  D.  Par- 
sons, at  $630.  The  entire  sixty-six  head  offered 
brought  an  average  of  $289.69. 

The  heifers  in  the  importation  of  1889  were 
sold  along  with  Lakeside  Farm  to  Mr.  Sherley, 
who  subsequently  disposed  of  most  of  them  at 
private  treaty  to  Col.  W.  A.  Harris  and  the  late 
John  McHugh  of  Cresco,  la.  The  lot  sold  in- 
cluded sixteen  yearling  heifers  of  Cruickshank, 
Duthie  and  Marr  breeding,  one-half  of  which 
went  to  Linwood  along  with  the  bull  Craven 
Knight. 

The  Short-horn  herd  bred  at  Lakeside  from 
the  North  Oaks  and  Luther  Adams  purchases 
was  closed  out  at  auction  on  June  12,  1895,  at 
an  average  of  $204  for  the  forty-six  head  offered. 


OLOflINO    EVENTS  OP   THE   CENTURY  7C3 

^U,  and  tor  her  daughter  Gwendoline  8d  Mai 

J.  l.towan, Cowan's  Mills  Va   ™i,l  s.  i;7„       '' 

II  iiddiHn..  t„  I-  ■  I  ,     .  '  *''>P*'<1  a  like  sum. 

u  addition  to  knight  of  the  Thistle  Mr  Miller 

liad  used  German  Laird  981S2  l,v  Sit  ViT 

77<I<U  <.nt  „f  4.1     ,,  """  •""^'5,  by  btrathearn 

(otimn  f         '-^"f  ^"^'^  "'•  '^^'^"ith  Cud 
COW  imp.  (jermaiiica.* 

mf         iu  ^'''  '''  ''^^"^^^"  breeder,  a  heavy 

great  Mollie  Mfct  f^^''^  ^^'^^  ^^^    ^^^« 
Last  successful  Duchess  sale.-Allusion  has 

...n;"w"aiLr  nS  t  gS  f„\aro  r!'''^-  "•«  — •  ^o"--  the 

Oaks  Duchess  of  Worcester  TdanHn  ,*  ''^  ^''^  ^"'^  ^^^8  cow  North 
Thistle  out  Of  GwendoSSd  L  the  ourn  ''°t  "'''''  ''^  ^nl^ht  of  the 
blood  into  the  Rose  of  Sharon  herd  ^«S°^^^  °  Introdt.clng  some  fresh 
^vat-uncle.  Abram  Renlck.  In  iZ  ^  "*  ^^^'^"^  "'^  *^« <»eath  of  his 

BPtnUlnghlsdecll„in^years,Si,iooe.Sf  "''^''''  ""'^  '"Poster  l8 

"0".  Hlsoccasionalcontrlbutions totreX^r^'T^^^ 
only  his  fine  vein  of  humor  butllterarv  i^n. .  ^  ."*'"'  ''^^^  "^^^'^^^  "o* 
^lf.e.l  American  author,  Don^  d  rMUche  i  r^rl  m  '  ^'^'''''  '"^^'•-  ^hat 
'communication  of  his  own.  preDared.«ni  i  n  Marvel")  m  forwarding 
'8Hm.s  Of  the  Gazette,  referred  fo  an  artli?  ^  i;,"^'"''  °°«  °'  ^'^^  Christmas 
with  this  comment:    "When  vm^.f  "'  ^''-  ^^"^^"'•^  *"  »  prior  Issue 

-.lele  Of  last  year  frorwlthrthe  ranlTof  ^"^^'"^"^  -  Mr.  Millers 
-seewhy.ou  need  can  profersirSa^Tenry^^^^^^^^^^^^ 


•  •:;; 


h\l 


764     A  nisTouY  of  hiiokt-horn  cattle. 


l'. 


f 


h 


I 


heretofore  been  made  to  the  fact  that  MeHsrs. 
Itigdou  Huston  &  Son  of  Bkindinsvil]e,  111.,  pur- 
chased the  entire  Bates-bred  herd  of  Col.  Le  (J. 
B.  Cannon  of  Vermont  and  added  it  to  their 
llilldale  stock  in  1881  at  a  cost  of  $50,000  tor 
thirty-two  head.  The  Cannon  herd  coutainetl 
several  representatives  of  the  Airdrie  Diiche.«s 
tribe,  obtained  from  Hillhurst,  and  as  the 
Messrs.  Huston  were  among  the  most  practical 
of  our  Western  breeders  they  were  successful 
in  producing  from  this  purchase  a  good  num- 
ber of  first-class  animals.  They  had  in  service 
for  a  time  the  22d  Duke  of  Airdrie  16695  and 
subsequently  bought  from  Bow  Park  for  $5,000 
a  good  rich-roan  son  of  4th  Duke  of  Clarence, 
known  as  2d  Duke  of  Brant  55479  a  bull  of 
admirable  quality  and  character. 

After  the  death  of  Rigdon  Huston  the  herd 
was  closed  out  at  auction  at  Dexter  Park,  Chi- 
cago, Nov.  21  and  22,  1888,  under  the  manage- 
ment of  the  son,  Mr.  Theodore  Huston.*  There 
were  twelve  head  of  Dukes  and  Duchesses  in 
the  sale,  all  descended  from  the  celebrated  10th 
Duchess  of  Airdrie,  and  like  the  Hillhurst  lot 

Rigdon  Huston  was  one  of  the  pioneer  breeders  of  the  West  and  was 
a  man  of  the  highest  character,  universally  esteemed.  He  had  from  early 
days  been  an  owner  of  pure-bred  Rhort-horns,  chosen  primarily  or  tndr 
individual  merit,  and  he  was  to  the,  last  a  conclstent  advocate  of  quality  In 
the  animal  as  a  consideration  paramount.  His  son  The°d-e  was  o  a  ^^^^^^^ 
ulatlve  turn  of  mind  and  did  not  engage  as  a  partner  In  ^'-eedl  '^  wHh  h  b 
father  until  the  purchase  of  the  Cannon  herd  was  «0"«7,'"';^7;  , 's-^^^*^* 
Theodore  Huston,  who  was  in  very  ill  health,  was  appointed  United  Stau 
consul  at  El  Paso.  Tex.,  but  even  the  mild  cUmate  of  that  region  did  notj 
Bave  blm  from  au  early  death. 


"fff.l 


E. 

i  Messrs. 
111.,  piir- 
ol.  Le  (I. 
to  tlioir 
(),0(H)  for 
oiitained 
Duchess 
as  the 
pmcticiil 
uccessfiil 
)0(1  nil  lu- 
ll servict* 
G()95an(l 
tor  $5,000 
Clarence, 
a  bull  of 

the  herd 
'ark,  Chi- 
1  manage- 
,*  There 
shesses  in 
■ated  10th 
Ihurst  lot 

e  West  and  was 
had  from  early 
narlly  for  tiielr 
ite  of  quality  In 
■e  was  of  a  hpi'C- 
ceding  with  his 
nmated.  In  18113 
■d  United  States 
;  region  did  not 


CLOSING    K VENTS   OF   TlIK    CKNTirHY.         765 

sold  at  same  phico,  as  noted  on  pa.ro  712  th«v 
nore,  as  a  rule,  of  superior  incHvidua  InS 
uiil  brought  Bood  nripo«  n  •"'"■."  "'Out 
Hie  timo  tl...f  li      ^  "  *"*'  claimod  at 

,     '"""  *'"'*  t''"'  was  tlie  best  collection  of 
l>uehe.s«e.s  m  existence  on  either  side  tte  wate, 

s^Hl    f  M    ;f  "'''  ''"■S'^'y ''»''  to  the  undoubted 

kill  of  the  Messrs.  Huston.    The  "plum"  of  the 

^^.nales  was  the  two-year-okl  heife 'stirOu Zs 

i.ny':rTiTh^rr„';;'2:'S;of'^'^T: 

M,gh    tho  Hve-year-old  roan  4th  Duchess  of 
llilldale  at  $2,600.    John  Hone  hid    ffT 
vpipHnr,  ion,   1^     ,"  ""Po  Diu  ott  the  roan 

ea.hng    2th   Duchess  of  Hilldale  at  |3,000 

!  If  if;,  r  '  f  ''«l'^»*PoH8  took  the  red  heifer 
oiUf  14th  Duchess  of  Hilldale  at  $2,250     Fo.  the 
;■'■  -and-white  six-year-old  cow  3d  Duche  s  of    ' 
Hilldale  Messrs.  FIvnn  &  EM,p,.f   n„    ni 
I.  paid  $2,050.    W:  H.  Carlyirpf/liT 

aaie  at  ;H,950.    B.  C.  Rumsey  of  Buffalo  took 
the  red-roan  yearling  nth  Duchess  of  mn,, 
;;  tim.    T.  C.  Anlerso„,S  V  ew  If  S 

wi(  hess  of  Hillhurst,  at  $1,700.     W  W   Rpn 

on.  Mendon,  111.,  bought  the  ro^  ^  heL  calf 

:  '  D»chess  of  Hilldale  at  $1,550.    John  Ho" 

ok  the  red  bun  calf  16th  Duke  of  Hilldaft 

M.(.oO.    G.  H.  Barnett  of  Pennsylvania  bought 


I  ' 


I!       f 


!      M 


II    !» 


||i       ; 


iii<%  y 


1 


■ 


Mi 
I 


It  Si 


mm  ■ 

I 


lE*f%">   it 


766        A    HISTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 

the  roan  bull  calf  13tli  Duke  of  Hilldale  at  $900. 
The  nine  females  averaged  $2,611;  three  bulls 
averaged  $1,850;  the  twelve  head  bringing 
$29,050— an  average  of  $2,420.85.  Seven  head 
of  Barringtons,  sold  upon  this  same  occasion, 
averaged  $360;  six  Kirklevingtons  averaged 
$352.50;  the  seventy-nine  animals  catalogued 
bringing  $43,320— an  average  of  $548.35. 

The   old    7th    Duchess  of  Hillhurst  sul)se- 
quently  reverted  '.o  Mr.  Theodore  Huston  and 
was  sold  along  with  her  heifer  15th  Duchess  of 
lilldale  at  an  auction  sale  held  at  Abingdon, 
111.,  May  13,  1891,  in  connection  with  a  lot  of 
cattle  belonging  to  Mr.  Strawther  Givens  of  that 
place,  both  of  the  Duchesses  going  to  George 
Allen,  AUerton,  111,  at  $1,000  for  the  old  cow 
and  $1,500  for  the  heifer     The  10th  Duch.:'.s  of 
Airdrie  ranlvS  next  in  Duchess  history  to  Duch- 
ess 66th,  ancestress  of  the  New  York  Mills  lot. 
The  great  Woodburn  matron  tha,t  passed  from 
Mr.   Alexander's  hands  to  George  Murray  of 
Racine,  and  from  him  to  Hon,  M.  H.  Cochrane, 
left  a  family  of  descendants  that  sold  in  the 
aggregate  at  public  and  private  sale  for  a  total 
of  about  $300,000.    The  old  cow  died  at  an  ad- 
vanced age  in  1884,  the  property  of  Maj.  S.  E. 
Wa)  d,  Westport,  Mo. 

Sale  of  the  Sittyton  herd.— In  May,  1889, 
the  Short-horn  breeding  world  was  startled  by 
the  report  that  the  entire  Sittyton  herd,  con- 


CLOSING    EVENTS  OP   THE   CENTURY.         767 

■sisting  at  that  date  of  154  head,  had  been  sold 

uvei pool  L„g.,  tor  exportation  to  the  Areen 
t.ne  Itepubhc,  South  An^erica.     Those  who  had 
enjoyed  mtimate  relations  with  Mr.  C  uicksh-mk 

nich  he  had  gained  world-wide  fame.    Indeed 
a  proposition  had  been  under  consideration  in' 

Srf^uf'^^r'-'"-'"™'^"-^^^^^^^^ 

r  trvof       ""r "'T  ''"^  ™Portation  to  this 
cmintiy  of  the  entire  herd ,    These  negotiations 

stock  was  to  be  shipped  to  Buenos  Avres  ex- 
pressions of  keen  regret  were  heard  throughout 

hmi-horn  breeders  of  Britain,  Canada  and  tie 
fates  are  indebted  for  the  retention  in  t! 
"otherfand  of  the  bulk  of  the  Sittyton  ^  tt  e 
'■vave  financial  complications  in  the  ArC   „e 
'■^mlered  ,t  inexpedient  to  carry  out  thfor^ 
;;al  project  of  shipping  the  entire  he«^^  to  ^e 
!>oathern  Republic.  ^ 

Mr.  Robert  Bruce,  then  of  Darlington  and 


t  I 


tj        .1 


1 

■    i 

+: 

'ill 

768         A    HISTORY    OF   SHORT-HORN    CATTLE. 


jinri 


\l  !' 


now  an  official  of  the  Royal  Irish  Agricultural 
Society— one  of  the  best-informed  men  of  his 
time  in  all  Britain  and  a  popular  judge  at  lead- 
ing shows — had  represented  the  Messrs.  Nelson 
in  this  important  transaction  and  decided,  in 
view  of  the  failure  of  the  original  plan  for  ex- 
portation, that  the  herd  had  best  be  held  at  the 
home  farm  pending  some  satisfactory  disposi- 
tion of  the  stock.  This  arrangement  was  car- 
ried into  effect  and  the  cattle  were  kept  at  Sit- 
tyton  until  May,  1890.  Mr.  Bruce  has  given  us 
an  interesting  account  of  the  extreme  reluc- 
tance with  which  Mr.  Cruickshank  finally  parted 
with  his  pets.    We  quote: 

Can  anyone  realize  what  the  selling  of  his  entire  herd  of  Short- 
horns would  mean  to  such  a  man ;  a  herd  which  had  been  the  work 
of  a  lifetime  to  build  up?  While  the  transaction  was  being  carried 
through  I  felt  sincere  sympathy  for  him,  as  I  could  see  how  the 
thought  of  parting  with  his  cattle  affected  his  strong  mind.  The 
resolution  to  sell  was  arrived  at  owing  to  his  failing  health  and 
the  fact  that  the  lease  of  his  farm  had  expired;  and  when  the 
proposition  of  a  private  purchase  of  the  entire  lot  was  made  he 
liked  the  idea,  seeing  it  would  save  him  all  the  worry  and  trouble 
attending  a  public  sale.  In  a  letter  to  me,  dated  May  5, 1889,  ho 
wrote :  "In  reply  to  your  letter  regarding  the  Short-horn  cattle, 
my  lease  of  the  farm  expires  next  year.  I  am  in  my  eighty-second 
year  and  from  a  serious  illness  which  I  had  last  year  I  am  not  now 
able  to  give  the  cattle  that  attention  which  I  had  used  to  do  and 
which  is  essentially  necessary  to  continue.  This  is  the  cause  of 
thei"  being  offered  for  sale." 

William  Duthie  of  Collynie  was  so  fortunate 
as  to  secure  a  majority  of  the  most  useful  cows 
— some  thirty-five  head  in  number.  Mr.  J. 
Deane  Willis  of  Bapton  Manor,  Codford,  Wilt- 


r 

si 


E. 

cultural 
sn  of  his 
!  at lead- 
!.  Nelson 
3idecl,  in 
1  for  ex- 
id  at  the 
disposi- 
was  car- 
)t  at  S  it- 
given  us 
16  relue- 
iy  parted 


rd  of  Short- 
en the  work 
eing  carried 
see  how  the 
mind.    The 

health  and 
d  when  the 
vas  made  he 

and  trouble 
,y  5, 1889,  he 
■horn  cattle, 
.ghty-second 

am  not  now 
ed  to  do  and 
;he  cause  of 


'ortunate 

ih\\  cows 

Mr.  J. 

rd,  Wilt- 


CLOSINO   EVENTS   OF   THE   CENTURY.         769 

Shire  Eng  bought  all  of  the  yearling  heifers 
excepting  those  of  the  Violet  tdbe,  whlcUain 
ily,  consisting  of  but  five  females,  was  2- 
chased,  along  with  Grapevine's  bull  Jlf  Glen 
^^aiTy  and  five  other  females,  by  Mr  C  W^^^^^ 
ciall  for  Mr.  Sutton  Nelthorp'e  o^f  Scawby  Bdgg 
Lincolnshire,  Eng.     Mr.  J.  Wilson  of  pS 

r  Lu'^re    rs'"'''*'i!  ^^"  Cordenella  and 

The  stock  bulls  in  the  herd  at  the  time  of 

s  purchase  were  the  following:   CumbeTand 

(46144),  Gondolier  (52956),  Commodore  (54118) 

Gondomar  and  Collingwood.    Cumbedand  was 

0  d  and  very  much  worn.    The  flesh  had  sKpped 

r//h?mf  T'  «^^"^^^rs,and  asitwas'e'v" 
ent  that  little  i    any  further  service  could  be 
ad  from   him   he  was  sent  to  the  butchei 
xondohev  was  a  red   by  Cumberland  out  of 
(^iliver    by  Roan  Gauntlet,   with   good    ribs 
and  a  s  rong  back,  but  lame  at  tlif  time  o 
ns  purchase  in  both  shoulders.    He  was  sold 
.0  go  into  Durham,  Eng.     Unfortunately  for 
he  .reed  the  last  great  Sittyton  bull,  Commo 
ore,  and    his   good   stable  compan  on  W 
omar  were  shipped  to  South   America.    M 
ruce  tells  us  that   Mr.   Cruickshank   called 
Commodore  "the  best  animal  that  ever  le?t  S^l 
tyton       He  was  sired  by  Baron  Violet  (47444) 
out  of  Custard  by  Royal  Duke  of  Gloster;  sec- 


ii,ii 


A   HISTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 

ond  dam  Princess  Royal  by  Champion  of  Eng- 
land.* Mr.  Bruce  says  that  viewed  from  the 
side  Commodore  was  simply  perfect— very 
level  and  deep.  Seen  from  behind,  however, 
he  thought  him  a  bit  narrow.  His  "roasts" 
were  wide  on  top,  but  his  ribs  did  not  present 
as  perfect  an  arch  as  one  would  like.  Commo- 
dore was  lost  at  sea.  Gondomar,  a  red  of  good 
style  and  character,  by  Feudal  Chief  (51251)  out 
of  Godiva  by  Cumberland;  second  dam  Gilliver 
by  Roan  Gauntlet,  was  extra  good  and  should 
have  been  retained  in  Scotland.  CoUingwood 
was  a  bull  of  nice  quality,  but  somewhat  lack- 
ing in  width. 

The  Cruiclishank  cows  at  Colly nie.— Mr. 
Duthie  originally  bought  the  eighteen  old  cows 
that  the  Nelsons  deemed  too  aged  for  export 
under  agreement  to  remove  them  from  Sittytou 
on  the  1st  of  June,  1889,  and  allow  their  calves 
to  suck  them,  these  calves  to  be  the  property 
of  Messrs.  Nelson,  delivered  in  the  following 

•Before  taking  leave  of  this  line  of  breeding  we  may  add  the  following 
description  of  this  epoch-making  sire,  furnished  the  author  by  Mr.  John  W, 
Crulckshank:  "Champion  of  England  was  a  beautiful  calf,  his  hiilr  ac- 
tually waved  in  the  wind,  and  until  his  death  In  18T0  no  other  sire  waa  so 
fully  trusted;  his  large,  deep  body  was  carried  on  short  legs;  his  quarters. 
though  not  long,  were  broad  and  deep;  his  frame  carried  an  unusually  thicli 
covering  of  natural  flesh,  and  so  full  was  he  behind  the  shoulders  that  the 
meat  actually  projected  beyond  the  shoulder  blades.  No  bull  ever  had 
such  an  influence  in  the  herd;  his  calves  could  easily  be  picked  out  and  the 
use  of  his  sons,  grandsons  and  great-grandsons  Impressed  the  Sltiyton  lierd 
generally  with  his  character.  Himself  descended  on  both  sides  from 
tribes  of  good  milking  Qunlltiea  his  daughters  were  useful  dairy  cattle  as 
well  as  heavy-fleshed  Short-horns.  His  d.iath  was  the  result  of  calculus, 
and  when  killed  his  organs  were  as  sound  and  healthy  as  possible." 


m 


w 


'-B 


i\i\ 


F 


CLOSING    EVENTS   OF   THE   CENTURY.         771 

October.  Calves  born  after  the  1st  of  June 
ft-ora  these  old  cows  to  be  the  property  of  Mr 
Duthie.  Following  is  the  full  list  of  cows  flnai: 
ly  obtained  from  Sittyton  for  Collynie:  Of  the 
Venus  tribe,  Juliet,  by  Barmpton  Pri^ice  Ga! 
zelle  by  Roan  Gauntlet  (both  reds)  and  fhe 
roan  G.pseywort,  by  Roan  Gauntlet  Of  the 
Secret  tribe  the  white  Sobriety  and  the  roan 
Sunflowei^  both  by  Roan  Gauntlet;  the  red 
&pirea  and  the  roan  Sarcasm,  both  by  Cumbei- 
hP  P  '    /u  '"^  ^"■""'  ^y  Commodore.    Of 

heifer"r.,  ;  "^^  "'J'T''''  ^"''  *"'"'•  *e  roan 
heifer  Gardenia,  by  Cumberland.  Of  the  Vic- 
toria tribe,  the  roan  Victoria  57th,  by  Barmn- 
ton  Pnnce,and  the  red  Victoria  58th  (dam  of 
imp.  Baron  Victor),  by  Pride  of  the  Isles  0 
the  Duchess  of  Gloster  fa.nily,  the  roan  21st  of 
Uiat  name,  by  Barmpton  Prince;  the  roan  24th 
Duchess,  by  Lord  of  the  Isles,  and  the  red  30th 
Duchess,  by  Chancellor.    Of  the  Crocus  sort 

fZrZ  C  ;  r''  ''^  ?"<!<'«■"-».  the  red  Ca: 
lypso  by  Gondolier,  and  the  roan  Canzonet,  by 
Standard  Bearer.  Of  the  Clipper  sort  so  fa 
.nous  as  bull-breeders  at  Sittyton,  the  r^d  Cro- 
cus, by  Pnde  of  the  Isles,  the  white  Chrysan- 
themum,  by  Crusader,  the  red  Coraline  Ty 

,^ir"  irl         ^T'"^^'  ^'"""y'  «'e  red  Lav- 

Warden     ti,p'  '"'"'''r'''-'-'^  «"^  ^^  Lord 
Waiden,    the  roan   Laveiicl,r   16th,   by  Lord 


'II 


I  If 

i 


I! 

ii 


m 


i 


772 


A   HISTORY    OF  SHOKT-nOUN    CATTLE. 


(  i 


J. 


4.-. 


It  ' 


Lansdowne,  fifteen  years  old,  the  roan  Laven- 
der 45th,  by  Baron   Violet,  the  roan  4Gth,  by 
Dunblane,  the  roan  48th,  by  Cuml)erland,  and 
the  red  Lavender  50th,  by  Baron  Violet.    Of 
the  Spicey  sort,  the  roan  Seaweed,  by  Perfec- 
tion, the  roan  Silverlocks,  by  Roan  Gauntlet, 
and  the  roan  Sea  Foam,  by  Gondolier.    Of  the 
Lovely  family,  the  fourteen-year-old  red  Lovely 
20th,  by  Lord  Lancaster,  and  the  ten-year-old 
roan  Lovely  85th,  by  Roan  Gauntlet.     In  addi- 
tion to  these  he  took  the  red  fourteen-year-old 
Abarilla,  by  Barmpton   Prince,  and  the  ten- 
year-old    red  Veronica,  by  Pride  of  the  Isles. 
Field  Marshal  and  Mario. — In  ;- squiring  the 
"cream"  of  the  breeding  matrons  of  the  Cruick- 
shank  herd,  William  Duthie  virtually  succeeded 
to  the  throne  which  had  been  abdicated  by  the 
sa,ge  of  Sittyton.     A  near  neighbor  and  good 
friend  of  the  grand  old  man,  Mr.  Duthie  had 
already  had  in  service  the  famous  roan  Field 
Marshal  (47870),  by  Roan  Gauntlet  out  of  Azalea 
by  OsBsar  Augustus.    This  w^as  a  great  bull  in 
every  sense  of  the  term  so  far  as  conformation 
was   concerned,   but    scarcely  perfect   in  his 
handling  qualities.    He  was  a  massive  2,500-lb. 
bull  wath  a  good  head,  wonderful  back,  ribs, 
loins  and  quarters,  but  rather  bare  below;  and 
he  and  his  stock  lacked  a  little  of  that  soft. 
mellow  covering  of  flesh  so  highly  prized  by 
so   many  judges.    In   Mr.  Duthie's  hands  he 


I 


I 


fli 

1 

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CLOSING    EVENTS   OF   THE   CENTUKY.         773 

Sired  some  of  the  most  celebrated  show  and 

(51718),  was  the  iirXwVZ7M!r 
m  Bntam.  I„  the  herd  of  Mr.  A.  M  Cordon  o^ 
^^^t-J-'-Mario carried  the championsZ prize 

and  at  th'  ^'''  f'  Higbland'sho'Zf'S 
and  at  the  time  of  his  death  in  1889  in  the 
hands  of  Mr.  C.  W.  Brierley,  he  was  on  a  tri 
umphal  tour  of  the  English  eircnit     M     •     • 
herited  Field  Marshal's^utan     a„d  fl    1°  hi^- 
hke  h.s  sire  was  somewhat  wanting  in  the  e le 
ment  of  quality.*    Field  Marshal  was  let  for  a 
period  of  three  years  to  William  Tait.  mana'r 
for  the  Queen  of  England  at  Her  CjeZ's 
&haw  farm  at  Windsor;  a  stroke  of  pohcy  on 

suits  t^otsn"*,  t""^  P'"^-^-^  ^™'"»1  of  " 
.suits  to  the  Scotch  Short-horn  interest  in  Eng- 

m    with       "a^  'f  *  *'^"*  ^"y'^'ty  bad  taken 
up_with  an  Aberdeenshire-bred  sire  of  itself 

..rr =r,rsH  :r„"„  rrs  s- ,"'- "-"»-  '*- 

was  some  truth  in  what  they  said  vit      .»  ^  '^  °°  '^°"^'  ^^^^  there 

to  buy  him  as  a  three-year  oTd  havl;  m^"^!  ^^  ""^^  ^^  '^'  -*«-•".•  I  went 
Gordon  to  put  the  question  of  purcMao  «^ii  ^  T'  ^""^  "^^^  ^«*^ed  by  Mr. 
the  bull  ^ood  enough  to  v.in  iTS^i^  %\T '^'^'''"'  »  I  considered 
Ike  to  Show  him.  I  said  I  eonslderoS  him  L„d  «  ^""^  T  ""^  ^^"l'^  ^^<^^ 
a  course  of  shows  he  should  be  entered  flT  ^  ®°°"^^'  ^""^  °hilked  out 
at  Peterboro,  where  he  was  passS.ve/wUhor"'  ^!'  ^'"^^  -PPearance 
different  from  the  others  that  genSanttenHn  "^  P'-'ze,  but  he  was  so 

A  ter  Peterboro  he  won  atral/ht  tSuS  fo    LT^' ^'""'''^  to  the  awards. 

stood  out  Boclear?rswinnts  thXTsnu"'  ^^  ^°^  ^«"°*  ^'--nder 
the  principal  English  Bhol  thef were  iud 'e^°V\'  ''^'  '''''  ^*  ^^"""^t  ^" 
liking  for  Slttyton  blood  they  could  not  4  set  asSe"-™  ^'° '^'^  "*«« 


i!   nil 


774        A    niSTORY   OF   SlIORT-nORN    OATTLK. 


paved  tlio  way  for  tlio  breaking  down  of  that 
general  prejudice  which  had  up  to  this  time  ex- 
isted in  England  against  the  North  country 
type.  Shortly  after  the  return  of  Field  Mar- 
slial  to  Collynie,  in  the  fall  of  188i),  the  great 
bull  accidentally  slipped  and  injured  himself  in 
such  a  manner  as  destroyed  his  further  useful- 
ness. 

Scottish  Archer  and  Count  Lavender.— It 
was  in  the  spring  of  181)0  that  Deane  Willis 
made  his  memorable  purchase  of  thirty-three 
yearling  Sittyton-bred  heifers  and  the  two  bulls 
Scottish  Archer  (59898)  and  Captain  of  the 
Guard.  This  removed  to  the  South  of  England 
a  good  percentage  of  the  Cruickshank  females 
and  Bapton  Manor  and  Collynie  became  the 
headquarters  for  the  Sittyton  sorts.  Mr.  Willis 
worked  in  conjunction  with  Mr.  Duthie  in  the 
matter  of  sires,  and  both  have  met  with  much 
success  in  supplying  show-yard  winners  and 
breeding  animals  for  leading  British  and  Amer- 
ican herds.  Scottish  Archer  was  a  roan  by 
Cumberland  out  of  the  Secret  cow  Surname  by 
Pride  of  the  Isles,  and  ultimately  became  the 
property  of  Mr.  Duthie,  proving,  as  shown  by 
the  late  Collynie  sales,  the  most  popular  of  all 
the  latter-day  Scottish  sires. 

A  bull  that  did  the  Willis  herd  excellent 
service  and  extended  still  further  the  fame  of 
the  Scotch  type  in  British  show-yards  was  the 


CLOSING    EVENTS   OF   THE   OENTUKY.         775 

roan  Count  Lavender  (00545).    Soon  after  Mr 
Willis  acquired  the  Sittyton  heifers  the  ques- 
tion of  a  suitable  bull  for  them  came  up,  and 
the  matter  was  discussed  with  Mr.  Cruickshank 
himself,     [n  reference  to  this  Mr.  Hubert  Bruce 
says  :     "Of  course  he  knew  well  the  Lavender 
blood    and  also  that  of   the   sire  Norseman 
(56233).    To^rether  we  went  carefully  into  the 
pedigreeof  the  giandsire,  Earl  of  March  (33807),* 
and  I  was  rather  surprised  to  find  that  Mr. 
Cruickshank    could    remember   the  bull  and 
speak  of  his  many  strong  points  as  well  as  of 
a  slight  dip  in  the  middle  of  his  oack.    After 
considering  the  subject  in   his  usual  careful 
way  he  said :    '  Mr.  Willis  may  use  Count  Lav- 
ender on  my  heifers  with  every  confidence.' 
The  result  at  Bapton    has  most  completely 
borne  out  the  old  man's  opinion."    As  seen  by 
the  writer  at  the  Warwick  Royal  of  1892,  Oount 
Lavender  was  a  bull  of  superior  finish  and 
quality,  evenly  covered  with  mellow  flesh  and 
standing  near  to  the  ground.    We  thought  he 
lacked  somewhat,  however,  in  real  substance. 
Another  good  bull  used  in  the  Willis  herd  was 
Roan  Rolnn  (57992),  obtained  from  Mr.  Duthie 
in  exchange,  we  believe,  for  Scottish  Archer. 
He  was  sired  by  Cumberland  out  of  Glowworm* 
by  Roan  Gauntlet. 

r,,.  \^v''\°^  ^^'"'''^  "^^^  **  ''°''"'  ^^^  ^^  ^''"'^^  o'  Burnslde,  from  Frederick 
Pltz  Windsor  (31196)  out  of  Fanny  (the  dam  of  Potts'  Imp.  Duke  of  Rich- 
mond)  by  Royal  Errant. 


i!f! 


ill 


'* 


770        A    msTOIlY    OF   SIIOHT-HOIIN    (JATTLR. 


:|.: 


Nili 


Mr.  Willis  has  enjoyed  an  extensive  patron- 
age, and  a  yearling  bnll  of  his  breeding,  IJapton 
Emperor,  l)ought  after  winning  at  the  Royal 
by  Mr.  Marr,  was  recently  resold  for  export  to 
South  America  for  £800. 

Argentine  and  the  shambles. — The  project 
of  shipping  to  South  America  was  not  entir(?ly 
abandoned.  In  addition  to  the  stock  bulls 
Commodore  anci  (Jondomar  there  were  sent  out 
to  Argentine  in  the  early  autumn  of  18S9  the 
following  cows:  Juniper,  (lilliver  (dam  of  Gon- 
dolier and  Master  of  the  Realm),  Golden  Au- 
tumn (dam  of  Craven  Knight),  Glowworm, 
Godiva  (dam  of  Gondomar),  Genista,  (Jolden 
Pippin,  Godetia,  Grapevine,  Gladys,  Victorias 
74th,  77th  and  78th,  Candytuft,  Corncockle, 
Cardamine,  Crowfcot,  Coltsfoot,  Ceres,  Christo- 
bel,  Cynthia,  Christmas  Carol,  Cordelia,  Canter- 
bury Bell,  Orange  Blossom  BOth,  Barmpton 
Lily,  Lady  of  the  Forest  and  Nonpareil  20tb. 
This  included  quite  a  group  of  Bra  with  Buds 
and  Clippers. 

The  following  were  sent  to  the  butcher:  Gay- 
flower,  Sunflower,  Catherine,  Cyclninen,  Con- 
stance, the  famous  Custard,  then  in  lu  r  four- 
teenth year;  Capsicum,  Cloud  Wreain,  Cnma- 
mon.  Lavenders  eS7th  and  49th  and  Sea  Pink. 

Summary  of  Sittyton  sales. — During  a  pe- 
iio'i  cjt  thirty-five  years,  extending  from  1842 
to  r^76,  iuclusive,  there  were  sold  for  breeding 


0L08INO   EVKNT8   OP   THE   rENTUUY.         777 

purposes  from  Sittyt.m  1,030  bulls  at  an  aver- 
age of  m  12s.  Dd.  and  321  cows  and  heifers  at 
an  average  of  £32  14s.  Dd.-a  total  of  1,351  ani- 
mals for  £48,247,  an  iiverage  of  i;35  14s.    From 
1877  to  1889  practically  the  entire  surplus  of 
young  bulls  was  sold  to  the  United  States  and 
(  anada  after  the  wants  of  a  few  regular  custo- 
mers had  been  supplied.    Tlie  surplus  heifers 
were  mostly  exported  during  these  same  sea- 
sons    A  close  estimate  of  total  sales  made  from 
the  herd  for  breeding  purposes  for  the  forty- 
seven  years  ended  in  1889  includes  1,912  ani- 
males  for  which  there  was  received  somethiuir 
over  £68,000.*  *= 

which  Of  his  fanilllos  he  looked  upon  wl  h  most  avor  h,?r  "^  "^"^ 
over  ^et  him  to  .„aUe  any  dcflnlte  streLn  on^ro^^Zc^  HrDoTt^ "'^* 
hat  many  of  them  were,  through  the  sires  he  had  arjely  ..seU  ^c'Lsefv  al 
lied  and  one  could  gather  from  his  talk  that  In  his  sefecflon  of  Btock  bunl 
he  was  influenced  much  by  the  qualllcatlonsof  the  dam  and  ™dam«  )  u 
judgment  of  their  merits  being  based  upon  a  hl^h  stanrta^inf  „  n  '  ^ 
the  matters  of  constitution,  ouallty.  rr^lT:nTleTTlTZtZT. 
time  the  herd  was  sold  two  bulls  of  the  Clipper  and  twolf  fh«  i  L^! 
famines,  while  he  had  retained  for  service  a  ye'Irr/rilL^h/pr'T  T"" 
or  crocus  sort.    His  death  occurred  at  Slttyton  May  1895  ^'  '^'""'"'^ 

Mr.  Bruce  relates  the  foUowlnK  Incident  which  occurred  dnrfn.,  ♦,, 

h™'S^  mf,  °'  "'°  """  °'  ""  "leM»™l  Show  at  Aterdeen  in  J„l,  ,«u  , 

sr  fariw'^  "^"  T'^-  ''^'"'^  °"« --tioni  to^s  kZiZinc t^s: 

not  far  away  on  the  stand  a  seat  was  occupied  by  that  DrTnP.;  «<-  !„m 
breeders,  Amos  Crulckshank,  Slttyton.    At  once  his  Roval  m^,      T, 
sired  that  Mr.  Crulckshank  be  summoned  ^o  the  Lvaf  hnv  ^r;?""  ^^ 
.enarlan  farmer  and  ^reeaer^re.enuS^  Z^SlZ  Sure'wth  h2 


i,'M 


778        A    HISTORY   OP   SHORT-HORN   C.VTTLE. 


Moberley  and  Young  Abbottsburn.— In  Sep- 
tember, 1890,  Col.  Thomas  S.  Moberley  of  For- 
est Grove  Farm,  Richmoncl,  Ky.,  began  a  series 
of  show-yard  campaigns,  made  memorable  by 
the  exhibition  of  the  massive  Cruickshank  bull 
Yonng  Abbottsburn  11067J).  Col.  Moberley  had 
for  some  years  been  prominent  as  a  breeder 
and  fitter  of  Bates  and  Bates- crossed  stock,  and 
his  great  conp  of  1890  came  as  a  complete  sur- 
prise to  the  Sliort-horn  breeding  interests  of 
the  States.  Imp.  Cupbearer,  at  that  time 
owned  by  Williams  ^  Householder,  Columbus, 
Kan.,  was  the  reigning  king  of  Western  show- 
yards.  Moberley  determined  that  if  there 
was  a  bull  in  North  America  capable  of  coping 
with  Cupbearer  he  would  find  him  and  place 
him  at  the  head  of  his  Forest  Grove  show  stock. 
Like  all  others  who  at  that  period  sought  show 


quiet  attire,  long  white  locks,  and  strong  modest  face,  obeyed  the  Royal 
command,  and  was  received  most  cordially  by  his  Royal  Highness.  This 
Incident,  simple  and  interesting  in  itself,  trave  unbounded  pleasure  to  the 
crowd  of  onlookers,  who  applauded  warmly  as  the  venerable  breeder  was 
seen  to  make  his  way  back  from  the  presence  of  Royalty,  li  was  a  siupn- 
larly  happy  occurrence  that  meeting  of  the  youthful  Prince  and  the  patri- 
archal farmer— one  of  many  similarly  happy  incidents  which  illumine  and 
distinguish  the  movements  of  the  Royal  family,  demonstrating  their  ever 
anxious  desire  to  recognize  and  duly  honor  noble  achievement  in  what- 
ever walk  of  life  it  may  be  observed. 

"Amos  Cruickshank  was  then  in  hii,  eighty-sixth  year.  Although 
bowed  down  wltli  the  weight  of  years,  he  was  not  unnaturally  anxious 
again  to  witness  the  Highland  Show— anxious  in  particular  that  he  ndglit 
see  the  Royal  Duke  who  had  .lonored  Scotch  agriculturists  by  becomliif.' 
the  President  of  their  National  Agricultural  Society  and  arranging  to  visit 
its  show  in  ithe  Granite  City.  Happily  Mr.  Cnuckshank's  desire  was  ful- 
filled, and  by  the  incident  just  mentioned  an  honor  was  added  which  be 
had  not  dreamt  of,  but  which  deeply  gratitied  him.  Talking  over  the 
honor  done  him,  he  said  to  me  :  '  I  feel  gratified,  deeply  gratified,  but  haJ 
I  known  what  was  before  me  I  could  never  have  left  Sittyton.' " 


CLOSING    EVENTS    OF   THE    CENTURY.  779 

bulls  of  the  heaviest  caliber,  he  found  himself 
compelled  to  turn  to  the  Aberdeenshire  type 
Visiting  Canada  he  found  the  object  of  his 
quest-a  five-year-old  roan,  bred  and  owned  by 
Messrs.  Watt.  ^ 

We  have  already  related  that  in  1874  the  late 
Joseph  Thomson  of  Whitby,  Ontario,  imported 
the  roan  .ruickshank  heifer  Village  Bud  ])v 
Scotland's  Pride.    She  was  the  best  femai;  in 

'^/^^^S'?''  ^^^}^  ''"^  ''^'^  '^^"^^^^t  by  Messrs. 
Watt  of  balem,  Ontario,  for  ^^925.    She  was  in 

calt  at  the  time  to  the  roan  bull  Ben  Wyvis 
(:J0o28),  bred  at  Sittyton  from  Ca3sar  Augustus 
and  Butterfly's  Joy  of  the  Towneley  line     The 
resulting  calf  was  the  dark-roan  heifer  Village 
1  lossom,  that  grew  into  an  exceptionally  thick 
short-legged,  heavy  cow  that  won  first  prizes 
HI  her  class  at  the  leading  Canadian  shows  be- 
sides being  a  member  of  a  herd  that  won  first 
place  wherever  exhil)ited.    This  prize  cow  was 
tt  Abbottsburn  100090,  a  roan,  imported 
in  1883  by  James  I.  Davidson,  sired  by  Roan 
niuntlet  out  of  Amaranth  by  Barmpton.     To 
his  service  Village  Blossom  produced  March  2 
1880    the  roan  bull  calf  Young  Abbottsburn' 
which   at  seven  months  old  was  sold  to  Mr' 
Ale^.  Norrie  of  Paisley,  Ontario,='=  in  whose  pos- 

Hu^iii.^j^rjeSr-^iri.'ssr  rr  r""-  '— 


m 


a 


780 


A   HISTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


m 


session  he  remained  for  four  years.     He  was 
shown  locally  as  a  yearling  and  two-year-old; 
but  during  all  the  years  that  the  bull  was  in 
Norrie's  possession  the  Messrs.  Watt  had  not 
seen  him,  although  some  extraordinary  state- 
ments as  to  his  character  reached  their  ears. 
At  Norrie's  sale  in  1889  Mr.  Watt  bought  him 
back,  "because,"  he  says,  "'on  seeing   Young 
Abbottsburn  I  had  to  admit  that  the  half  had 
not  been  told  concerning  him."    He  resembled 
his  sire,  Abbottsburn,  in  a  general  way,  but 
was  heavier.      Mr.  Watt  states  that  as  a  calf 
Young  Abbottsburn  was  not  very  well  cared 
for.    He  had  run  with  his  mother  all  through 
the  summer  months,  and  up  to  the  time  he  was 
sold  had  received  no  grain  and  was  not  re- 
garded as  an  extraordinary  calf.    Norrie  bought 
him  at  $200,  and  to  him  credit  must  be  given 
for  developing  probably  the  greatest  carcass 
ever  seen  in  the  show-yards  of  North  America. 
He  was  used  as  a  stock  bull  by  Mr.  Norrie,  and 
served  other  cows  in  the  neighborhood,  siring 
some  useful  cattle,  which,  as  a  rule,  bred  better 
than  themselves.      At  the  time  the  bull  was 
bought  back  from  Mr.  Norrie  he  weighed  nearly 
2,600  lbs.    He  had  been  kept  in  a  box-stall  with 
free  access  to  a  yard  of  moderate  size  where  he 
could  take  exercise  at  will;  the  door  of  his  box 
being  seldom  closed  in  summer  or  winter.    His 
principal  feed  had  been  roots  and  hay  with  the 


CLOSING   EVENTS  OP   THE   OBNTtlRY.         781 

Moberley  was  a  shrewd  enough  judge  of  good 

fn  tl  h  ■  n  '"  ''""^^  '''^'  l^^  had  ^covered 

Led  a  trader t-  T*'-''"'*"-.^  ^'"imal,  and 

was  at  the  n/r'  .'?'^ '™'«fe''  ">  «'e  States.    It 

was  at  the  Detroit  Exposition,  held  the  first 

TuTn  Id'/^r.'T-  !'«•*'  '''^'  ^-»«  Abbot   ' 
burn  made  his  debut  on  this  side  of  the  line 

He  did  not  arrive  in  time  to  compete  in  tht 
bull  class,*  but  Colonel  Moberley  wTa^ed  Jo 
place  liim  at  the  head  of  his  cattle  in  th^herd 
competition.    Notwithstanding  the  novel  y  of 
a    braw    Scotch  rent-payer  leading  the  h.Vh. 
bred  daughters  of  noble  Dukes,  thfre  was  no 
escape  from  the  decision  which   ent  firsTJrize 
to  the  Forest  Grove  lot  as  thus  lined  up     At 
ttus  show  Moberley  was  either  unable  o    un- 
willing to  give  out  information  as  to  the  bull's 
name  or  breeding,  claiming  to  have  left  the 
pedigree  at  home.    He  was  thereupon  dubbed 
bjahe  ring-side  talent  "the  great  unknown," 

Pleasant  Uiaga  sma;  thu.  Weiiainr  ih,  m„  i    ° .  "'  '"""  ""'e  0' 

Mre<l  amons  other  eooa  things  H  F  nT„^°  .  k  ™,'''°'^  ^^''  ^"•""  0»U 
Brownaale  Imi.  out  ol  theS^a  ;^,f°rv,  ,'"'™»"'»  "tow  bull  Victor o( 
1»  tho  hanas  ot  Messrs.  STOor  ana  Br„r,°'  ''■»°"»»<1 »«..  "Meh 
■»a=l>-  female  of  the  hreeJ'n  tie  m'st  she  »;"  """■"'  """"  «"> 
«eal,  low.lessea  rea.  ramlllarly  known  ?^k  1.'  """""'"llr  thlo«, 
Muslon  to  hor  color  marktoes  "     ""'  »""»-lereea  belter,"  ii 


I      ■  J 


m 


782 


A  HISTORY  OF  SHORT-HORN  CATTLE. 


(I  ! 


which  sobriquet  clung  to  him  long  after  his 
identity  was  revealed.  The  news  of  his  appear- 
ance and  of  his  overpowering  flesh  and  sub- 
stance traveled  far  and  fast.  Cupbearer  at  the 
Ohio  State  Fair  was  renewing  his  triumphs  of 
previous  years,  and  before  the  first  meeting  of 
the  two  North  Country  champions  occurred  at 
the  Illinois  State  Fair  at  Peoria  interest  in  the 
impending  duel  had  become  intense.  Probably 
no  event  in  American  show-yard  history  aroused 
more  intense  excitement  than  attended  this 
memorable  meeting*.  The  following  review  of 
this  rencontre  from  notes  made  by  the  author  at 
the  time  was  published  in  the  Breeder's  Gazette 
for  Oct.  8,  1890 : 

"  I  have  read  so  much  about  Cupbearer  in  Thb  Gazette  for  the 
past  two  or  three  years,  and  was  so  interested  in  your  account  of 

♦The  judges  upon  this  occasion  were  Messrs.  Thomas  Clark,  Beecher, 
111.,  one  of  America's  best  breeders  and  most  successful  exhibitors  of 
Herefords;  and  Eobert  B.  Ogllvie,  late  of  Madison,  Wis.  Mr.  Ogllvle,  while 
devoted  to  mercantile  pursuits,  has  been  a  life-long  admirer  of  the  im- 
proved breeds  of  live-stock,  and  for  a  quarter  of  a  century  has  enjoyed  tlie 
Mcqualntance  of  practically  all  of  the  leading  breeders  and  exhibitors  of 
tlie  United  States  and  Canada.  He  acquired  International  reputation  as  a 
breeder  of  Clydesdales  at  Blairgowrie  Farm;  his  exhibits  of  draft  horses 
of  that  type,  with  the  famous  McQueen  at  the  head,  constituting  one  of 
the  chief  attractions  of  the  Clydesdale  shows  of  their  time.  Fond  of  a 
good  Short-horn,  a  renognlzed  judge  of  sheep  and  a  close  student  of  every- 
thing pertaining  to  stock-breeding  Interests,  Mr.  Ogllvie  possessed  a  wide 
and  varied  range  of  information  bearing  upon  all  the  leading  types  of  do- 
mestic animals. 

Cupbearer  In  his  old  age  became  the  property  of  Milton  E.  Jones  of 
Cherry  Grove  Farm,  WilUamsville,  111.,  In  whose  hands  he  died  several 
years  since.  It  cancot  be  said  that  he  ever  had  a  thorough  test  as  a  breed- 
ing bull,  as  he  was  passed  around  from  one  herd  to  another  and  kept  hi 
show  condition  for  so  many  years  that  he  never  had  full  opportunity  of 
demonstrating  what  he  might  be  worth  for  stock  purposes.  In  the  hiuida 
of  William  Miller  at  Storm  Lake,  ho  got  one  of  the  best  Scotch  cows  ever 
owned  in  the  West— the  beautiful  roan  Gwendoline  2d,  sold  to  Col  Mober- 
ley  and  afterward  bought  by  Messrs,  Mltchel. 


!  i  4 

J   6 


CLOSING   EVENTS   OF   THK   CENTURY.         783 

Col.  Moberley's  new  bull,  that  I  thought  I  would  come  to  PpoH. 
and  see  the  fun."    Such  was  the  explanation  of  their  unaccTs 
tomed  presence  at  an  Illinois  State  Fair  made  to  the  writer  bv 
something  loss  than  a  thousand  cattle-growers  from  different 
States  Who  1  .vo  not  been  in  the  habit  of  attending  the  big  shows 
The  leading  ..ofessional  breeders  were  there  as  a  matter  of 
course     Indeed  everybody  and  his  neighbor  seemed  to  be  present 
when  the  rzng  for  aged  bulls  was  called,  and  those  who  could  no 
arrive  in  time  telegraphed  freely  their  regrets.    The  excrement 
was  at  fever  heat.    It  was  indeed  to  be  a  <' battle  royaT^and^ 
can  be  truhf  ally  asserted  that  the  enthusiasm  engendered  by "h  s 
meeting  of  the  two  greatest  show  bulls  of  recent  years  in  the 
West  has  kindled  an  interest  in  the  breeding  and  exMbi tion  o? 
good  Short-horns,  and  spurred  the  flagging  enerSTs  o?nrni,n.  I 
Showmen  in  a  manner  quite  unknown  sYnce^he  dTys  of  c^^T  k^^^^^^ 
riumphal  tour,  Which  culminated  so  many  years  ago  under  that 
famous  canvas  at  St.  Louis. 

.h.  w^^Tv.''";;'''''  ""^  *^^  ^'■'^*  ^^^  ^''y-  ^^^e  of  the  rising  English 
champion  Challenge  Cup,  and  victor  in  half  a  hundred  fields-was 
hrst  in  position.     "He  can't  be  beaten"  was  the  emphatic  Zo 
nouncement  as  the  superbly-poised  and  admirably-finfshed  form 
of  Mr.  Householder's  famous  bull  was  fairly  settled  to  receive  th^ 
shock  Of  Show-yard  assault;  and  while  the^rowed  feasteTthei, 
eyes  upon  his  noble  outline  Messrs.  Henn  and  Wilhoit  entered  the 
hsts  with  Phenomenon  and  Goldstick-both  reds,  bo  h  wearers  of 
championship  honors,  both  in  good  form,  but  both  unequal  to  the 
task  of  closing  with  such  "sluggers"  as  confronted  them  upon 
this  occasion.     "One  story's  good  till  another's  told."    One  fa- 
vorite receives  our  plaudits  till  another  comes  upon  the  scene 
Cupbearer's  triumph  was  complete  till  Young  Abbottsburn  was 
drawn  into  the  yard.    From  the  moment  the  mighty  roan  entered 
the  ring  the  champion  of  1888  and  1889  was  on  the  defensive     The 

nZ  fnd     'h'  ''  ^''^""'"^  '""^  Indianapolis,  with  his  world  o 
flesh  and  substance,  seemed  to  fill  the  entire  arena.    By  compari 

cZarT'^ZV'^'r''  ""'  ""'  '^^  ^^^^^'i  *«  «^ri-k  into  a  pT^y . 
Goldstick's  "bit  fault"  (stand  .ga  trifle  away  from  the  groS 
^ew  into  something  which  it  is  not,  and  Cupbearer  himself  began 
to  lose  percep  ibly  in  breadth  of  beam.  An  attack  is  apt  to  be 
more  confldently  undertaken  than  a  defense.  Moberley  had  given 
instructions  to  his  herdsmen  to  await  the  entrance  of  the  king  Ind 
hahenge  him  on  whatever  ground  he  might  select,  and  the  nearer 
this  spot  was  reached  the  more  apparent  became  the  fact  that  a 
new  Idol  was  about  to  be  set  up.    True  the  showy  Duthie  bu U  had 


t     ii 


i 


III! 


t 


i\ 


■( ' 


it' 


784 


A   HISTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


defenders  to  the  last,  but  when  the  crown  was  finally  sent  to  his 
thicker,  meatier  adversary  the  triumph  of  Amos  Cruickshauk's 
real  old  work-a-day  type  was  quite  complete.  One  bystander  gave 
exaggerated  expression  to  a  feeling  that  possessed  a  majority  of 
the  breeders  present  by  saying:  "Cupbearer  is  the  dude,  Young 
Abbottsburn  the  solid  farmer"— one  way  of  saying  that  the  latter 
is  of  a  more  eminently  useful  feeder's  type.  Cupbearer  has  been 
an  almost  certain  winner  by  reason  of  his  matchless  smoothness, 
marvelously-spread  loin,  level  quarters,  refined  conformation  and 
gay  carriage.  Young  Abbottsburn  crushes  all  before  him  by  an 
incomparable  wealth  of  flesh,  in  addition  to  which  his  head  is 
more  truly  masculine,  his  crops  are  better  covered  and  his  lower 
lines  are  fuller  than  those  of  his  chief  antagonist.  He  is  a  2,800-lb. 
bull,  standing  (at  the  brisket)  but  fourteen  inches  from  the 
ground,  with  a  rich  roan  coat  and  a  good  mellow  hide,  full  of  that 
golden  coloring  matter  that  indicates  the  easy  keeper  and  great 
"doer."  He  is  low,  wide,  compact  and  smoothly  laden  with 
flesh  of  good  quality  from  horns  to  hocks.  He  has  a  good,  broad 
head  and  horns  of  the  right  sort,  a  mild,  placid  eye,  and  one  of 
those  quiet,  even  temperaments  that  tell  of  a  disposition  favorable 
to  the  putting  on  of  meat.  There  is  some  little  show  of  unevenness 
over  the  blades,  but  not  so  much  of  a  roll  as  Cupbearer  sports. 
He  does  not  finish  out  behind  the  hooks  quite  so  perfectly  as  the 
other,  but  is  yet  a  grand-quartered  bull  and  thicker  in  his  rounds. 
"The  king  is  dead;  long  live  the  king." 

Young  Abbottsburn  cost  in  Canada  $425! 
Whatever  of  lingering  doubt  in  relation  to 
the  feeding  and  flesh-carrying  capacity  of  the 
Cruickshank  cattle  may  have  existed  prior  to 
this  date  was  dispelled  once  for  all  by  the  ex- 
hibition of  this  wonderful  bull  at  the  American 
shows  from  1890  to  1893.  From  the  day  of  his 
flrst  appearance  at  Detroit  until  crowned  with 
the  championship  of  the  World's  Columbian 
Exposition  there  were  none  to  challenge  his 
complete  supremacy.  Open  to  criticism,  per- 
haps, upon  the  score  of  some  lack  of  character, 


CLOSING   EVENTS  OP   THE   CENTURY,         785 

Young  Abbottsburn  was  such  a  feed-lot  model 
that  he  fairly  carried  the  corn-belt  by  storm. 
He  was  universally  recognized    by  practical 
men  as  the  sort  of  a  beast  that  would  convert 
gram  and  grass  into  prime  heavy  beef  on  short 
notice.     Notwithstanding   the  efforts  of   his 
owner  and  his  new  trainer  (Mr.  Forbes),  he 
did  not  stop  putting  on  pounds  avoirdupois 
until  his  log-like  carcass  pulled  down  the  scales 
at  over  2,800  lbs.    Such  weight  without  height 
has  probably  never  been  seen  in  any  other 
animal  of  any  breed  on  this  continent.    It  was 
scarcely  to  be  expected  that  such  a  ponderous 
short-legged  show  bull  would  prove  particu- 
larly active  or  useful  as  a  stock-getter,  and  un- 
fortunately his  legacy  to  the  breed,  aside  from 
his  show-yard  triumphs,  was  not  large 

Mary  Abbottsburn  7tli.— Basking  in'the  sun- 
shine of  the  popularity  of  Young  Abbottsburn, 
Col.  Moberiey's  views  of  breeding  tapidly  ex- 
panded. He  no  longer  subscribed  to  the  doc- 
trine that  all  excellence  within  the  breed  was 
necessarily  circumscribed  by  the  comparatively 
narrow  circle  that  had  Kirklevington  for  its 
center  In  response  to  a  query  propounded 
just  atter  his  purchase  of  the  great  Scotch  bull 
as  to  what  he  proposed  to  do  with  a  beast  of 
that  breeding,  he  replied:  ^^Use  him  a  little 
and  show  him  'right  smart.'"  He  did  more 
than  this.    He  used  him  "right  smart"  besides 


786 


A   HISTORY   OF   SHORT-UORN   CATTLE. 


I 


i 


crushing  all  competition  at  the  shows.  The 
percentage  of  cows  got  in  calf  was,  however, 
not  large,  so  that  the  bull's  progeny  at  Forest 
Grove  were  not  so  numerous  as  Col.  Moberley 
would  have  wished.  Had  the  bull  never  sired 
anything  else,  however,  than  Mary  Abbottsbuni 
7th  his  fame  would  have  been  secure  for  all 
time.  We  have  already  noted  the  great  success 
attending  the  use  of  Scotch  bulls  upon  cows  of 
the  Young  Mary  tribe  in  the  hands  of  Messrs. 
Potts,  Wilhoit  and  Harris;  a  success  which  was 
repeated  by  many  of  their  contemporaries.  It 
remained  for  Col.  Moberley  and  Young  Abbotts- 
burn,  however,  to  cap  the  climax,  so  far  as  this 
particular  cross  is  concerned,  by  giving  to  the 
breed  the  champion  show  cow  just  mentioned. 
Her  dam  was  the  red  Forest  Belle  6th,  bred  by 
Col.  Moberley  from  the  Renick  Rose  of  Sharon 
bull  Minnie's  Duke  of  Sycamore  57120  out  of 
Sparsewood  Mary  3d,  bred  by  Tracy  Bros.,  Win- 
chester, Ky.,  from  Cambridge  Rose  Duke  2d 
22295  (also  of  Mr.  Renick's  favorite  tribe)  and 
sired  by  the  4th  Duke  of  Geneva.  She  fed 
kindly  from  the  start,  and,  as  a  buxom  heifer 
of  rare  promise,  was  bought  by  Aaron  Barber, 
York  State's  enthusiastic  admirer  of  good  Short- 
horns, at  the  round  price,  for  those  times,  of 
$1,000— after  winning  the  yearling  heifer  cham- 
pionship over  all  breeds  at  the  Hlinois  State 
Fair  of  1894.    She  matured  into  one  of  the  no- 


w 


CLOSING    EVENTS    OP   THE   CENTURY.         787 

blest  COWS  Of  any  breed  known  to  the  American 
cattle  trade  She  had  a  back  like  a  billiard 
table  and  her  wide,  deep  ribs  and  loni?  level 
quarters  were  wrapped  in  a  wealth  of  flesh  that 
constantly  recalled  the  carcass  of  her  illustrious 
sire  From  1894  to  1898,  inclusive,  Mary  Ab- 
bottsburn  7th,  in  the  hands  of  Mr.  Barber  was 
the  unrivaled  queen  of  American  Short-horn 
cows.* 

Col.  Moberley  fortified  his  show  herd  further 
by  purchasing  from  Arthur  Johnston  of  Canada 
he  roan  Nonpareil  Chief  113034,  sired  by  imp 
M      "  *^^tL?"*  °f  *••«    Kinellar-bred   imp 

^,?rt!f   ^*',*''-     ^°*  '"  '"••^^^i^e  as  Young 
Abbottsburn  he  was  yet  a  bull  of  strong  parts 

well  covered  w  th  flesh  of  fine  quality  and  pos: 
sessing  good  Short-horn  character  At  the 
Columbian  Exposition  Col.  Moberley  had  the 
honor  of  winning  first  and  third  in  the  greatest 
ung  of  aged  bulls  ever  seen  in  America  with 
loung  AbDottsburn  and  Nonpareil  Chief  re- 
spectively. 

189^rCo[  M^^  ^"^^--D-'i-^  the  summer  of 

n  ft«        f^\^^}^^.  ^^'  accidentally  drowned 

n  the  surf  at  Virginia.  Beach  on  the  Atlantic 

coast,  an  occurrence  which  brought  sorrow  to 

the_entire  Short-horn  breeding  fraternity  and 

ber  of  the  Breeaer's  Oa^UeZnl  ''ouePn  M  "•■'  °'  '^"  Christmas  num. 
became  during  that  year  the  pZertv  ^f  M^W  a'^t^ "^^  T'  °"'^"  *'^"^^' 
city,  proprietor  Of  a  stock  farm  at  G  ass  Lkeict''"'^  °'  ""^^  '^^'^ 


:Ji|. 


:  i 


J    :{ 


?:' 


II'    .  . 

il;- 1  '  I 

i, 

^11 


788         A   HISTORY    OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 

took  from  the  ranks,  while  still  in  his  prime, 
one  of  the  most  enthusiastic   friends  of  the 
breed.    He  had  only  finished  collecting  by  pur- 
chase a  valuable  group   of  Scotch-bred  cows 
and  heifers,  including  Princess  Alice,  Gwendo- 
line 2d,  7th  Linwood  Golden  Drop,  imp.  Daisy 
of  North  Oaks,  Orange  Blossom  31st  and  imp. 
Victoria  79th,  and  was  preparing  to  engage  ex- 
tensively in  intermingling  the  best  Bates  and 
Cruickshank   blood.     Mary   Abbottsburn    7th 
furnished  the  inspiration,  and  while  Col.  Mo- 
berley  did  not  live  to  carry  out  his  work  he  set 
an  example  of  broad-minded  appreciation  of 
merit  wherever  found  that  should  not  be  with- 
out its  lesson.     His  herd  was  sold  at  execu- 
tor's sale  at  Richmond  in  October,  1895,  while 
the  country  was  still  prostrated  from  the  un- 
paralleled financial  panic  of  1893 ;   hence  the 
prices  paid,  as  has  been  the  case  in  so  many 
similar  instances,  were  by  no  means  commen- 
surate with  the  value  of  the  cattle.    The  high- 
est figure  was  $500,  given  by  T.  R.  Westrope  & 
Son,  of  Harlan,  la.,  for  a  Young  Abbottsburn 
bull  called  The  Corker.    The  old   hero  him- 
self, nine  years  old  and  with  little  prospect 
of  further  usefulness,  was  bought  by  Messrs. 
Wallace  of  Bunceton,  Mo.,  at  $475.    The  hand- 
some Linwood  Golden  Drop  7th  went  to  West- 
ropes  at  $355.    Cupbearer's  daughter  Gwendo- 
line 2d,  one  of  the  best  Scotch  cows  of  that 


prune, 

of    tlU3 

t)y  pur- 
1  cows 
wendo- 
.  Daisy 
id  imp. 
age  ex- 
:es  and 
rn  7tli 
!ol.  Mo- 
[  he  set 
tion  of 
le  with- 

execu- 
'),  while 
the  un- 
nce  the 
0  many 
)mmen- 
le  high- 
iti'ope  & 
>ttsbui'n 
ro  hini- 
)vospect 

Messrs. 
le  hand- 
,0  West- 
xvvendo- 

of  that 


OLOSINO    EVENTS    OF   THE    CENTURY.         789 

tinio  in  America,  topped  the  females  at  $400 
Danvers  l/;"",  ""''.  'T'  '''  ^^«-'«-  ^^^'5 

Alice  at  $300     The  old  Field  Marshal  cow's 
loan  heifer  Alice  of  Forest  Grove,  sired  at  Jn 

at  Jtt,J<^0.  Sixty-nine  head  sold  for  the  shockiiiLr 
average  of  but  $181.(>0,  a  fact  which  furniS 
ample  proof  of  the  wretched  state  of  the  sS 
horn  trade  at  that  time;  reflecting  the  wide- 
spread  commercial  and  industrial  depre.^  on 
It  IS  needless  to  say  that  those  who  had  the 

TnTat  t^"^  P-«ted  largely  by  their  hi  vest' 
ments  at  this  sale.  There  is  a  moral  to  be 
ci-awn  from  this  and  similar  events  recorcLd  in 

IcA?"'-  !'"''^^--  C-ttle-breeding,  lil  e 
all  other  avocations,  has  its  ups  and  downs  its 
bnght  penods  of  prosperity  and  its  dark  days 
oi  adversity ;  but  those  who  are  so  situated 
that  they  can  take  advantage  of  nomTna  Ipri  es 
whenever  they  prevail  nev^r  fail  to  reap  fried 
Tur^e  "^"^"^"^^^-  --ryshorrspace 

Woodburn  dispersion.-Iu   1891   Mr  A    J 
Alexander,  who  had  succeeded  to  the  ownership 

elude  the  ^r ^T'  '^T''^  '^  '^^'^'^^^'  t«  <^on- 
hid  Li  f  "^'^T  ^'^"^"^^  operations  that 
h  .1  been  for  some  forty  years  carried  on  upon 
the  farm  with  such  signal  advantage  to  Amer" 


11    1,1 


ill) 


y 


iH 


ill! 


!    -I 


r: 

J!  1 


' 


! 


i 


%tV, 


# 


"I 


790        A   UISTORY   OF   SIIOKT-UOHN    CATTLE. 

can  cattle-breeding  interonts.     The  Woodhmii 
management  had  been  giving  rather  mon^  at- 
tention to  horse-breeding  tlian  to  Short-hortis 
for  some  time  preceeding  the  ch)sing-out  sale, 
and  the  persistent  pursuit  of  a  policy  of  line 
breeding  within  the  Hates  tribes  had  not  re- 
sulted in  improving  the  individual  quality  of 
the  cattle.     The  faithful  and  efficient  herds- 
man, Mr.  Richardson,  nevertheless  succeedt^l 
in  producing  some  beautiful  specimens  of  the 
breed.    Perhaps  the  best  of  all  the  later  home- 
bred Duchess  bulls  placed  in  service  v^as  the 
26th  Duke  of  Airdrie  34973,  a   roan  of  good 
substance  and  fine  character.     During  the  years 
immediately  preceding  the  dispersion  sale  there 
had  been  used  the  imported  bulls  2d  Duko  of 
Whittlebury  62574  and  Oxford  Duke  of  Calth- 
waite  3d  (56261),  the  latter  a   roan  of  good 
flesh  and  substance  that  left  some  excellent 
stock.     There  had  also  been  used  the  red-roan 
51st  Duke  of  Oxford  38531,  a  son  of  the  famous 
Bow  Park  bull  4th  Duke  of  Clarence.     In  com- 
mon with  all  other  admirers  of  the  Bates  tribes 
of  that  time  in  the  West  the  Woodburn  man- 
agement had  a  very  high  appreciation  of  the 
4th  Duke  of  Clarence  blood  and  a  second  cross 
of  it  was  introduced  into  the  herd  through  the 
medium  of  Oxford  Grand  Duke  2d  88329,  sired 
by  imp.  2d  Duke  of  Whittlebury  out  of  the  fine 
4th  Duke  cow  Grand  Duchess  of  Oxford  52d. 


)o(ll»in'ii 
now.  at- 
rt-honis 
)ut  salo. 
r  of  line 

not  re- 
lality  of 
:  henls- 
icceeded 
s  of  the 
!i'  home- 
was  the 
of  good 
he  yearn 
lie  there 
Duko  of 
3f  Calth- 
of  good 
excellent 
red-roan 
3  famous 

In  com- 
bes tribes 
irn  man- 
in  of  tlie 
Dnd  cross 
ongh  the 
m,  sired 
f  the  fine 
•d  52d. 


OLOHINQ    EVENTS   OF    THE    C'KNTURY.         791 

The  (li.sporsioii  oocurrod  at  Dexter  I'ark  Clii- 
ejigo  Union  Stock- Yards,  Juno  11,  18<)1;  twenty- 
«ix  head  of  Airdrie  Dukes  an.l  Duchesses  sell- 
ing tor  |l(VJ20-an  average  of  $420  each.    The 
cattle  were  widely  scattered;  the  leading  buy- 
ers ot  Duchesses  being  Messrs.  Drown  and  Smith 
o   Sangamon  Co.,  111.    The  top  price  was  $820, 
Mid  by  D.  A.  Curtis,  Addison,  Mich.,  for  50th 
Duke  of  Airdrie.    The  highest  price  for  a  Duch- 
ess female  was  $780,  given  by  Messrs.  L.  W 
Drown  &  Son.     Five  Oxfords  sold  for  an  aver^ 
age  of  $35(5.    The  stock  bull  Oxford  Grand  Duke 

II  .,  at  $500.  Imp.  Oxford  Duke  of  Calthwaite 
3d  went  0  Elbert  &  Fall,  Albia,  la.,  at  $450. 
thirteen  head  of  Thorndale  Roses,  descended 

"''"%  i'f.o"'^'.'f  ^'^*^^"  ^^  ^^^2,  sold  for  an  aver- 
''''  /i'l  o^:^"^'  ^^^'^  Eyes  went  for  an  aver- 
age of  $162.20.  Eighteen  Barringtons  were 
closed  out  at  an  average  of  $141.65.  The  entire 
lot  consisting  of  seventy-one  head,  fetched 
."MO^jJij—a  general  average  of  $256 

Columbian  Exposition  awards.-The  exhibit 
ot  Short-horns  at  the  Chicago  World's  Fair  of 
IbJd  was  beyond  question  the  best  and  larg- 
est of  which  there  is  record  in  the  history  of 
American  show-yard.  The  trying  task  of 
awarding  prizes  was  assigned  to  Hon  J  H 
Pickrell,  H.  C.  Duncan  and  John  T.  Gibson,  and 
111  view  of  the  permanent  interest  that  must 


A    HISTORY    OF   SHORT-HORN    CATTLE. 

attach  to  this  record-breaking  competition  the 
prize  list  is  herewith  appended: 

Aged  bulls— First  to  Col.  T.  S.  Moberley's  Young  Abbotts- 
burn  110679 ;  second  to  J.  G.  Robbins  &  Sons'  Gay  Monarch  92411 ; 
third  to  Col.  T.  S.  Moberley's  Nonpareil  Chief  113034;  fourth  to 
H.  F.  Brown's  Earl  Fame  8th  107695;  fifth  to  J.  H.  Potts  &  Son's 
Thistlowood  95417 ;  sixth  to  H.  F.  Brown's  Golden  Rule  98268.* 

Two-year-old  bulls— First  to  L.  W.  Brown  &  Sons'  Young 
Marshal  110705 ;  second  to  J.  H.  Potts  &  Son's  Chancellor  106791 ; 
third  to  W.  C.  Edwards'  imp.  Knight  of  St.  John ;  fourth  to  H.  F. 
Brown's  Imperial  Prince  108359;  fifth  to  B.  O.  Cowan's  Lord 
Waterloo  113746;  sixth  to  W.  G.  Sanders'  Elgin  Chief. 

Yearling  bulls— First  to  J.  &  W.  Russell's  white  Lord  Stan- 
ley; second  to  H.  F.  Brown's  Fifer  111994;  third  and  fourth  to 
Messrs.  Nicholson's  Valasco  21st  and  Norseman;  fifth  to  J.  H. 
Potts  &  Son's  Lavender  King  4th;  sixth  to  Green  Bros.' Royal 
Consul  2d. 

Bull  calves -First  to  H.  F.  Brown's  Victor  of  Browndale 
117621 ;  second  to  "W.  B.  Cockburn's  Indian  Warrior ;  third  to  B. 
O.  Cowan's  Plato;  fourth  to  L.  W.  Brown  &  Son's  Golddust; 
fifth  to  H.  F.  Brown's  Lord  Wild  Eyes ;  sixth  to  Messrs.  Russell's 
Prince  of  Kinellar. 

Aged  cows— First  to  J.  G.  Robbins  &  Sons'  Gay  Mary ;  second 
to  H.  F.  Brown's  Elvira  of  Browndale  3d ;  third  to  H.  F,  Brown's 
Victoria  of  Glenwood  8th ;  fourth  to  Col.  T.  S.  Moberley's  Forest 
Belle  15th ;  fifth  to  Potts  &  Son's  Emma  11th ;  sixth  to  O.  W. 
Fisher's  Lovely  Pride. 

Two-year-old  heifers— First  to  Col.  T.  S.  Moberley's  Gem  of 
Hickory  Park  3d ;  second  to  Messrs.  Russell's  Centennial  Isabella 
25th ;  third  to  J.  H.  Potts  &  Son's  Surprise  of  Oakland  3d ;  fourth 
to  J.  G.  Robbins  &  Sons'  Nora  Davis;  fifth  to  H.  F.  Brown's  Red 

•  Golden  EulG  was  a  red  of  superb  handling  quality,  bred  by  the  late 
Robert  Miller  of  West  Liberty,  la.,  from  imp.  Goldstlck  8«748  and  Imp. 
Lovely  43d.  He  waa  dropped  the  property  of  C.  B.  Dustin,  Summer  Hill , 
111.,  and  after  doiiier  service  in  the  DuBtln  herd  for  several  seasons  was  sold 
to  Mr.  H.  F.  Brown  of  Browndale  Farm,  Minneapolis.  Minn.,  whose  show 
herds  under  the  capable  training  of  Robert  Ewart  for  many  years  consti- 
tuted a  leading  feature  of  the  Short-horn  exhibits  on  the  Western  circuit. 
Few  herds  have  a  longer  list  of  first  and  championship  prizes  to  their 
credit  than  Browndale,  and  hs  appears  from  this  list  of  Columbian  awards, 
Mr.  Brown  received  some  of  the  highest  honors  at  the  greatest  Short-horn 
show  this  country  has  ever  seen. 


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1 4  >-4  8 


CLOSING   EVENTS   OF   THE   CENTURY.         793 
F.  Brown's  Oxford  Duchess  of  Brown- 


sixth  to  H. 


Empress ; 
dale  2d. 

Yearling  heifers— First  tnn  r\  n 
H.F.Brown's  Spicey  of  BrownH  ,    oY^"  '  ^'^'"^  «*^;  second  to 
Son's  Surprise  of  Oakland^th     fn    f.'?'    ^^^'^^  *^  '-  ^-  P°"«  & 
Bene;  fifth  toMes^rt  Ni^^s  J  "^tt  M^aZ'  ^T"  ^^^""^"^ 
B.  O.  Cowan's  Phyllisia  25th  ®^^^*° '   ^^'^  to 

Mm  &  Sons'  Nancy  HankI    fonr^f/r' '  „"""■"  «"  J-  G-  Rob- 

fo  Ro?Mnsr4;°,f  •i,^rrpxrs„':.^Lrr'^^  •'■w 

ley;  sixth  to  H.  F.  Brown.                            '  "*"  *°  ^-  S-  Mober- 

Young  herds— First  to  Messrs.   t?„oo„ii 

an;  third  to  H.  F.  Brown;  fourth  to  ^Ttl'^  *°  ^-  °-  C^^" 

Nicholson ;  sixth  to  Moberley  '  ^^'^  *°  ^«««^«- 

sire-Xsrr;^'e::ry^:;ror  pt-Je^^^^^^  -'''  *^^  -*  -  «- 

Stanley;  second  to  Potts  &  Son  nn  ^^  ^  °^  Cruickshank  bull 
deen ;  third  to  Col.  T  S  Moberlev  onT^f  "'  ^"^•  ^^"^  «^  ^^^r- 
bred  Thorndale  Rose  Duke  S-f  ^f/^rs  sired  by  the  Bates- 
get  of  Gay  Monarch  -fl^t,  to  Mel  rs";^^^  ^—  bobbins  on 
reil  Chief ;  sixth  to  o'reen  Bros  on  get^  r^^^^^^^^^  ''  ^«"P^- 

F^=r^---:^-J^S^irsttoH. 

Nora  Davis  and  Nancy  Hanks  flZ,:  !  ^  *°  Messrs.  Robbins- 
Belle  and  Silver  FWers'xS' to  TsJ-."^-  ^^^^^'^  Beautiful 
Forest  Belle  6th  '  *°  ^-  ^-  Moberley  on  progeny  of 

-^^'^rllVe^^^^^^  beef  breeds, 

the  Short-horn  was  well  sustredaiinst  all  ' '''"^'"°"  '' 
were  awarded  by  a  committee  consiSrof  A'Tk  .  ''"^^^ 
catur,  111.,  William  Stocking,  Rochelle  U  nn.  t  n  i"^^'^""'  ^^ 
ada.  In  the  herd  competition  Messrs  J  r 'r  il  ^^  ^°""  °^  ^^'^- 
flrst  prize  with  the  Marr  hrpTli".:  ^"^^'''^ '^  S«°«  carried 
the  cow  Gay  Mary  two-^^a  ^^^^^^^^^  T  «^^,.^--«b' 
Udy  verbena  and  heife^r  calf  N^c^  S^.^Cst^.^i^ri 


rn;l;S 


hi 


Si 


794         A   HISTORY   OF  SHORT-HORN    CATTLE. 

third  prizes  in  this  competition  were  won  by  Herefords,  and  the 
fourth  and  fifth  by  Short-horns  owned  respectively  by  Messrs. 
Moberley  and  Brown.    The  young  herd  prize  was  also  won  by 
Short-horns,  consisting  of  the  Canadian  lot  shown  by  Messrs. 
Russell,  headed  by  the  white  ytarling  Lord  Stanley.    Col.  Mober- 
lev's  Young  Abbottsburn  was  adjudged  best  aged  bull  of  any 
breed  on  exposition,  with  Mr.  Clough's  Hereford  Ancient  Briton 
second  and  Robbins'  Gay  Monarch*  third.  Russell's  yearling  Lord 
Stanley  carried  the  yearling  bull  championship,  and  in  bull  calves 
Mr  Cockburn,  also  of  Canada,  won  with  Indian  Warrior,  sired  by 
Arthur  Johnston's  imp.  Sittyton  Victoria  bull  Indian  Chief.    The 
heifer  calf  championship  was  won  by  Mr.  Russell  of  Canada,  with 
Centennial  Isabella  30th.  ,.     ^    *     * 

The  $1  000  special  championship  prize  for  best  ten  head  of  cat- 
tle of  any  breed  bred  by  the  exhibitor  was  awarded  to  Mr.  H  F. 
Brown  by  a  co:  ^mittee  consisting  of  Wallace  Estill,  Richard  .  ab- 
son  am'  H.  H.  Clough.  J.  H.  Potts  &  Son  received  second  m  this 
compeu  .  Mr.  Van  Natta  third  with  Herefords  and  Messrs. 
Mo^eri3y  and  RobbiuF  fourth  and  fifth  with  Short-horns. 

Recent  importations.— The  close  of  the  cen- 
tury finds  the  Scotch  blood  the  prevailing 
fashionable  element  on  both  sides  of  the  water. 
Sires  of  North-country  breeding  are  m  ser- 
vice in  most  of  the  leading  collections  of  the 
breed  in  the  United  States  and  Canada.  Eng- 
lish sentiment  is  still  somewhat  divided  upon 
the  subject  of  the  Scotch  cross,  but  under  the 
leadership  of  Messrs.  Deane  Willis— whose  win- 
nings at  the  great  English  shows  of  recent 
years  with  stock  of  Aberdeenshire  descent  have 

~".Tay  Monarch  was  a  roan,  elred  by  William  of  Orange  out  of  an  Atba- 
ha sea  dim  and  waB  for  several  seasons  one  of  the  star  attractions  of  the 
Shorthorn  exhibit  at  Western  shows.  He  not  only  carried  many  hrs  and 
!^«n^^ion8hin  prizes,  but  in  the  Robbins  herd  sired  show  cattle  of  out- 
SSrS^rit  He  was  .  smooth,  deep-fleshed  bull,  possessing  more 
fhTracttrThan  Young  Abbottsburn,  and  must  be  ranked  with  the  Duke  o 
Schmond  md  Baron  Victor  as  one  of  the  most  valuable  breeding  m,imal8 
of  the  scotch  type  ever  used  In  the  West.  He  died  the  property  of  Messre. 
Bobbins  in  1899. 


[s,  and  the 
)y  Messrs. 
so  won  by 
9y  Messrs. 
3ol.  Mober- 
luU  of  any 
lent  Briton 
irling  Lord 
bull  calves 
ar,  sired  by 
ihiet.    The 
mada,  with 


lead  of  cat- 
0  Mr.  H  F. 
ichard  » <ib- 
cond  in  this 
md  Messrs. 
rns. 

the  cen- 
re  vailing 
le  water. 
)  in  ser- 
is  of  the 
[a.  Eng- 
ded  upon 
nder  the 
hose  win- 
3f  recent 
cent  have 

»ut  of  an  Atlia- 
ractions  of  the 
many  first  ami 
V  cattle  of  out- 
issesslng  more 
1th  the  Duke  of 
eedlnp  animals 
)erty  of  MeBsrs. 


I.  i 


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ill 


fll 


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I .  ,1 


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If- 


m 


CHAMPION  SHOW  BULL  ST.  VALENTINE  121014. 

Bred  by  Gtiardfiouse  it  Sou,  of  Canada.     Sliozvn  hy  J,  G.  Robhiiis  it 
Sons,  Iforarc,  /iid.,  and  l<y  Geo.  E.  Ward,  Hawarden,  lovJa, 


IMP.  BARON  CRUICKSHANK  106297. 

Bred  hy  Wm,  Dtilhie,  CoUynie,  and  imported  hy  C.  li.  Dustin  it  Son, 
Summer  Hill,  III. 


CLOSING.  EVENTS  OP   THE   CENTURY.         795 

attracted  univei-sal  attention -and  1'.  L  Mills 
(iitioiis  in  America  were  such  as  did  not  afford 

o"n  irarr '  ^r  ^'-^  ""-^a-"  sK 

uus  in  Gieat  Britain  forsliipment  to  America 
breel/'r"'"  J,"*"™^*  '"^'"f^^t""  i»  caS 
a  levival  of  importations.  Without  unrV,. 
aking  to  supply  details  as  to  t  lese  contein 
-^.y  business  transactions,  attention  in^  be 
elected  in  ^'  'r""'^««"  "'  1««1.  Personally 
count  nf  ?'"'  "^^  "'■■  "^^  '^^  l^"«ti»  for  ac 

iZort^f  •      "'""  ^""^  ^'^  J-  l*^-  P'^tl'er.     This 
Kendid  "''  "n''"^  ""*-'^'^'''  ^  "-'"ding 
bred  bvM     ifH-    r"  ^'-"'^tel'^^-'k   106297 
oiea  by  Mr.  Uuthie  trom  CoUingvvood  lOfifstl 
ami  the  Mysie  cow  Maria  lOtb.  by  F  ekl  Mar2' 
ilus  bull  was  used  jointly  for  a tinie    y  Messr  ' 
Dustin  and  Prather,  but  latterly  was  t  e  s  d^ 
P'-operty  of  the  proprietor  of  Hil   Fa^!^     h! 

;rd":cfsr\'r^:^*™^"'™'''^™--> 

Zo7umr!^'-f'f^'''  ""P-  Duke  of  Hainil- 
a  o  0  M,  n  'h  •  *'"f  •'™''  i'nportation  and 
h  "  led^  :  ."  "'•'  "■'"^"'^'  '^  ™eIIow-hand. 
P  .V    irf  n    .  "  r''""'"*^  P'-ogenyat  Village 

western  hhorfc-horn   herds  by  the 


I  r 


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Ik  i 

mill 

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if 


!l. 


796 


A  HISTORY  OF  SHORT-HORN  CATTLE. 


purchase  and  importation  of  the  capital  young 
bull  Merry  Hampton  182572,  a  winner  as  a 
yearling  at  the  Highland  show  of  1898,  and 
bred  at  Collynie  from  the  Missie  cow  Mada- 
moiselle  6th  by  Field  Marshal.  This  bull  was 
landed  in  Illinois  at  a  cost  of  $2,000. 

One  of  the  most  valuable  of  recent  importa- 
tions was  that  personally  selected  in  Great 
Britain  by  Mr.  I.  M.  Forbes,  Heniy,  HI.,  in  the 
summer  of  1898.  It  included  about  a  dozen 
females  from  the  herds  of  Messrs.  Duthie,  Marr 
and  their  contemporaries,  representing  the 
Missie  Princess  Royal  and  other  standard  Aber- 
deenshire tribes.  Along  with  this  importation 
came  the  bulls  Star  of  the  North  132076  and 
Fairhaven  131977.  The  former,  of  the  Sittyton 
Clipper  family,  was  bought  from  the  herd  of 
Her  Majesty  the  Queen  of  England.  Fairhaven 
was  sold  at  the  Forbes  sale  of  Oct.  11,  1899, 
to  Benjamin  Whitsitt,  Pre-Eraption,  111.,  for 
$1,000.* 


•At  this  same  sale  Mr.  J.  F.  Prather,  Wllliamsvllle,  111.,  took  the  hand- 
some home-bred  cow  Golden  Venus  at  $850  and  the  imp.  heifer  Rosemary 
20l8t  at  $825.  John  M.  Blotz,  Bodgeville,  Wis.,  bought  Imp.  Gwendoline  at 
$801.  The  thirty-nine  females  offered  averaged  $295.50,  the  general  average 
on  fifty  head  being  $298.  This  sale  was  held  to  close  a  partnership  that 
had  existed  for  some  time  between  Messrs.  I.  M.  and  Caleb  Forbes  under 
the  name  of  Forbes  Bros.,  the  dissolution  being  rendered  necessary  by  the 
death  of  Mr.  Caleb  Forbes.  The  partnership  herd  had  been  successtully 
maintained  at  a  high  standard  of  individual  excellence.  The  stock  bull 
Baron  Gloster  101057,  that  was  in  service  for  a  number  of  years,  was  one 
of  the  thickest-fleshed  Cruickshank  bulls  of  his  time  In  the  Unitmi 
States,  an  animal  of  compact  conformation,  rare  quality  and  a  most  hii- 
pressive  sire  of  short-legged,  easy-keeping  stock.  Mr.  I.  M.  Forbes,  who 
had  at  all  times  been  the  moving  spirit  in  the  management,  coutiuueU 


for 


OLOSINO    EVENTS  OF  THE  CENTURY.        797 

Importations  from  Scotland  have  also  been 
Flatt.  nn?":!^'"''-^ ""'  ^'''''-  Miller,  M 

lively  to  be  exceeded  in'th^e    '  „ S"'  "'"' 
One  of  the  notable  show-yard  triumnh,  nf 

S  oTtheT  ''^-  -'^'««on  b  Sr  .  Rot 
bins  of  the  Canadian-bred  bull  St.  Valentbie 
121014,  descending  from  the  imported  Bo,  th 

lie  was  the  champion  bull  of  the  West  in  1HQ7 

lSOS<^f  v,i     i.-  ^'  ^awarden,  la.    In 

l»J8  St^  Valentine  was  champion  at  the  111  noi^ 
State  Fair  and  headed  Mr   Ward's  fil«f 

Wd  at  same  show,  Which  inltd£S: 

Benjamin  Whltsitt'e  father  was  o^!  "??/  ^^^^^  *'""  *°  ^^''-Ice. 

sS' T ""°°'«'  -'^  *»^«  -nTaB^enVt  a'l'^^^^^^  "^^"-'""'^ ^"-^'^-s 
8  stent  advocate  of  the  use  of  pure-hw^d  hnn    ,     ^  ^"  ^^cieat  and  per- 

rir!.e?s:ss£'^^^^^^^^ 

^^,  at  Which  Col.Tr  m'  w'oods  Vl.r^"  ^*  ^«-"'--  Ont.,  Dec.  20 

Woneer,  about  forty  head  Of  ImportSscotoiT.'f"''-'  '"'■''''^^^  ^^  auc- 
were  sold  for  an  average  of^Tr  aft h!  f        "''  ^"'""''^  ^"^  young  bt,i?s 
Lowls  &  son,  Point  Pleasant   WVafc^tr'""  ''^'"^  '"^'  ^^^^^  ^  P  's 
Laurler,  by  the  Eoyal  Champion  MaIe;;go  '"^'^  ^""  ''"^  «'•■  ^IWri 


It 


1'« 


■ 

4 

M' 

k 

■ 

79S   A  HISTORY  OB^  HUORT-HORN  CATTLE. 

Lady,   by   ik.j    Monarch,   and   St.   Valentine's 
daughters  Selma  and  Lady  Valentine.* 

Herd-book  consolidation.  One  of  the  most 
important  events  of  the  period  under  review 
was  the  purchase  in  the  autumn  of  1882  by  the 
American  Short-horn  Breeders'  Association  of 
the  herd  book,  which  had  up  to  that  date  been 
issued  as  a  private  enterprise  by  Lewis  F.  Allen, 
Buffalo,  N.  Y.  The  price  paid  was  $25,000. 
More  or  less  confusion  in  reference  to  Ameri- 
can records  had  arisen  from  the  fact  that  a 
pedigree  register,  known  as  the  American  Short- 
horn Record,  had  been  established  and  pub- 
lished for  some  years  in  Kentucky,  and  that  a 
similar  book,  known  as  the  Ohio  Short-horn 
Record,  was  being  issued  by  the  breeders  of  the 
Buckeye  State.  Both  of  these  registers  were 
the  manifestation  of  disapproval  of  the  manner 
in  which  Mr.  Allen  was  conducting  the  herd 
book  which  he  had  established  in  1846.  The 
purchase  and  consolidation  of  these  various 
records  by  the  National  Breeders'  Association 
was  the  happy  solution  of  a  situation  that  was 

»At  the  Trans-Misslsslppl  Exposition  ".t  Omaha  same  year  Mr.  E^  P. 
Brown  defeated  St.  Valentine— after  a  contest  developing  some  bitterness 
—with  the  Canadian-bred  Nominee  iai2ti2,  a  roan  lacking  the  wealtli  of 
flesh  shown  by  St.  Valentine,  but  big,  level  and  presented  In  fine  bloom. 
In  1891)  the  Short-horn  herd  prize  at  the  Illinois  State  Fair  was  won  by  Mr. 
T.  J.  Wornall,  Mosby,  Mo.,  with  Viscount  of  Anoka  125081,  bred  by  Messr.s- 
Harding  of  Waukesha,  Wis.;  among  the  females  shown  being  Sultana  (by 
Gay  Monarch)  and  Lady  Valentine,  seen  In  Mr.  Ward's  he.  d  of  1838.  Two 
thlck-fleshed,  sappy  heifer  calves  by  St.  Valentine  were  successfully 
shown  by  Messrs.  Robbins  at  the  fall  fairs  of  1890.  one  of  which,  Ruberta, 
a  Sittyton  Duchess  of  Gloster,  was  champion  calf  of  the  circuit. 


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OLOaiNO    EVKNT8    OK   TIIK    CENTURY.         790 

becoming  fairly  intolerable,  and  since  1888  but 
one  book  has  been  in  existence.     Hon   J    If 
Pickrell  was  one  of  the  pri.no  movers  in  this 
IM-oject,  and  the  first  volume  (XXIV)  issued  by 
the  National  Association  appeared  under  the 
auspices    of  the    folh.wing  board   of   officers- 
President,  J.  11.  Pickroll;  Vice-President,  B  f' 
Vanmeter;  Treasurer,  T.  W.  Marvey;  Hecretary,* 
U  1 .  Muir;  Directors,  C.  (J.  Nourse  of  Iowa  S  F 
Lockridge  of  Indiana,  C.  A.  DeGrafif  of  Minne- 
sota, W.  A.  Harris  of  Kansas,  A.  M.  Bowman  of 
Vii-ginia,  Emory  Cobb  of  Illinois,  0.  E.  Leonard 
of  Missouri,  L.  B.  Wing  of  Ohio,  and  John  Hope 
or  Canada. 

The  oflice  was  first  established  in  the  city  of 
Chicago,   but  was    subsequently    removed    to 
Springfield,  111.,  where  it  still  remains.    After 
Mr.  Ficki-ell  relinquished  his  personal  interests 
in  breeding  stock  he  was  chosen  Secretary  and 
editor  of  the  herd  book  to  succeed  Col  Muir 
which  position  he  still  retains,  thus  rounding 
out  m  the  service  of  the  Short-horn  breeders 
ot  America  a  long  and  eminently  useful  career 
devoted  to  the  promotion  of  the  general  inter- 
ests of  the  breed.  ='= 

«nM*m '''"^*'"'  breeders  orgranlzed  the  Dominion  Sl,ort-horn  Breeders'  Aa 
BocUtlon  8o,„e  years  ago.  and  under  the  Presidency  of  the  Hon    d: 

for  some  years  been  owned  and  Issued  by  the  Short-l,L  s  .Xtv  o!  ,^ 


•i ':i  1 


M\v 


CHAPTER    XXIII. 


up: 


A  DUAL-PURPOSE  BREED. 

Since  the  days  when  the  Renicks  drove  their 
first  well-bred  bullocks  from  the  Ohio  Valley 
over  the  mountains  to  the  seaboard  markets 
the  Short-horn  has  been  a  familiar  figure  in  the 
pastures,  feed-lots,  dairies  and  stock-yards  of 
the  United  States.  When  the  mighty  agricul- 
tural empire  of  the  Upper  Mississippi  Valley 
came  under  the  sway  of  the  early  settlers  the 
Short-horn  was  called  to  fill  a  place  that  he 
seems  destined  to  occupy  for  generations  yet 
to  come.  Throughout  this  broad  realm  of  blue 
grass  and  Indian  corn  the  roan  badge  of  Short- 
horn birth  has  ever  been  a  passport  into  the 
favor  of  thoughtful  farmers.  In  the  develop- 
ment of  the  great  ranges  of  the  farther  West 
the  Short-horn  bull  was  a  pioneer  in  that  won- 
derful improvement  that  has  at  last  driven  the 
Texas  Long-horn  from  the  plains  and  moun- 
tains. On  Australian  "stations"  and  on  the 
estancias  of  Argentine  the  Short-horn  bull  has 
led  the  line  of  progress  toward  greater  weights 
and  neater  carcasses.  Others  have  since  ap- 
peared upon  the  scene  to  share  with  him  the 

(800) 


WILD    (JUEEN   2D-Wi„„er  of  first  milking-  prize, 
London  Dairy  Show,  1898. 


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WHISKERS-Chanipion  American  Fat  Stock  Siiow,  1894. 


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A    DUAL-PunPOSE    BREED.  80] 

honor  Of  the  conquest  over  the  "scrub"  crea- 
W^'^^l  7 If '^''  ^^  "^'^""S  conditions  in  the 

pTnf  anH   *''  "'''t  '"'  ^"^  '°"^  ^^^^s  of  sap! 
ping  and  mining  that  made  present  successes 

hZ  bu'll"""!* ^  fi^'  ''"'  f '«*  of  tl'^  Short- 
horn bull.    Indeed,  the  story  of  the  world-wide 

wandenngs  of  this  bovine  Ulysses  supplies  the 
theme  for  an  agricultural  Odyssey 
Universal  adaptabiUty.-The  lapse  of  yeai-s 

tLT''  *'^  ^''^e^gthen  the  position  of  th^ 
Short-horn.  A  century  of  close  contact  with 
the  most  exacting  requirements  of  the  farm 

"red  wht*  '"T"^^  '^''P^"«'^  *he  hold  of  the 
the  ,r  I  /"''"'"  "PO"  the  affections  of 
the  agricultural  world.  The  source  of  this 
perennial  popularity  must  be  apparent  even  to 
the  most  casual  observer.    The  strength  of  the 

abnt'r  I'C:  f  i*^  """-'««'  -nge'of  ada^Tt! 
tnlt'  .  .  '""''*^  '""h  which  it  responds 
to  the  varied  demands  of  those  who  pursue  a 

ifvf  sTncI  '""^"^^'^  farming-the  rear  ng  of 
hve  stock  as  an  essential  feature  in  a  well- 
ordered  scheme  of  mixed  husbandry.  The 
Short-horn  IS  distinctively  and  emphatically  a 
dual-purpose  breed.  The  bull  calves  can  be 
turned  into  market-topping  steei^,  and  under 
proper  management  the  heifers  dev;iop  marked 

bull  as  a  first  cross  upon  common  or  native 
cows-especally  if  they  be  wanting  in  s/ze-b 


J»     ' 


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1 


802        A   HISTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 

a  certain  source  of  immediate  improvement; 
imparting  scale,  shapeliness  and  quality  to  his 
progeny.  The  Short-horn  grade  heifer  is  the 
foundation  upon  which  bulls  of  other  improved 
breeds  have  builded  some  of  their  most  signal 
successes.  In  a  lean  or  ^' store"  condition  the 
Short-horn  is  still  attractive  by  reason  of  his 
level  lines  and  general  symmetry. 

Feed-lot  favorites. — Cattle-feeding  as  a  lead- 
ing industry  in  connection  with  American  farm- 
ing had  its  origin  in  Short-horn  blood  one  hun- 
dred years  ago  in  the  valley  of  the  south  branch 
of  the  Potomac  River  in  Virginia.  Crossing  the 
Blue  Ridge  it  became  a  source  of  wealth  to  the 
Ohio  Valley  States,  and  the  grazing  and  feed- 
ing of  Short-horn  steers  has  followed  as  a  mat- 
ter of  course  the  establishment  of  pure-bred 
herds  throughout  the  newer  West.  In  the  fore- 
going pages  we  have  endeavored  to  afford  a 
general  view  of  the  character  and  breeding  of 
the  pedigreed  stock  from  whence  farmers  of 
the  corn-belt  and  contiguous  territory  have 
drawn  their  supplies  of  Short-horn  blood;  but 
space  will  not  admit  of  extending  our  inqniiy 
to  the  gates  of  the  myriad  farms  upon  wdiich 
this  blood  has  been  utilized  as  a  machine  for 
the  profitable  conversion  of  grain  and  grass 
into  beef  and  milk. 

While  the  leading  breeders  were  engaged  in 
exhibiting,  importing    r    '   selling  high-class 


A   DUAL-PLUPOSE   BKEED. 


803 


trn'^rftrir^'lf"^''  ■"  preceding  chap, 
ters,  shifting  their  allegiance  from  time  to 

SrofT'frf  '""^  toanotheTth 
rarmers   of   Great  Britain,  Canada   and    the 
States  were  all  the  whiie  taking  the  "urn  us 
bulls  and  grading  up  the  common  cattle  o 

act cr^^f  "r  ""T''-'''-     They  found    ha 

enoLh  inor^Tl,    '  ^'''""  ^  ^""^  ■'""  ^^«  worth 
enough  more  than  a  crop  from  a  "scrub"  or  a 

grade  sire  to  more  than  pay  the  difference  in 

to  tat  tf'*  f  *'*'  """•    ^^«''«^«  stood  rady 
to  take  the  steers  as  fast  as  they  approached 

rnaturity,  and  such  farmers  as  ITtheio^. 

sight  to  use  the  pure-bred  bulls  soon  obta  ned 

fnr  tern  "■  f '%^"^"*^  "'  "-"'  ^^^^^^ 
insu  ed  them  a  handsome  premium  for  their 

surplus  stock.  In  this  way  the  producers  and 
consumers  of  beet  profited  enormously  by  tht 
enterprise  of  those  who  spent  their  money  so 
lavishly  in  the  importation,  breeding  and  ex" 
hibition  of  choice  specimens  of  the  breed  as 
noted  in  preceding  pages  ' 

"Prime  Scots."-Perhaps  the  most  notable 
Illustration  of  the  value  of  the  blood  for  prj! 

of  th  'bf^ef  ^'"r'f^'''^^''^P'^^  "y  the  hisZ; 

ot  the  breed  in  Britain  is  afforded  by  the  evo 
lution  of  the  so-called  "prime  Scots''  of  the 

n '  f  f^^f '"*■  '^'"^  P'*'-*'«"''^r  brand  of  high! 
P  iced  beef  represents  the  commingling  of  the 
Wood  of  the  Short-horn  with  that  of  the  black 


il- 


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804        A   HISTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 

polled  races  of  Scotland.  The  North-of-Scot- 
land  farmers  were  free  buyers  of  Short-horn 
bulls  from  such  herds  as  those  of  Ury,  Eden, 
Shethin  and  Sittyton.  Indeed  the  surprising 
statement  is  made  that  not  less  than  1,000  bulls 
of  their  own  breeding  were  sold  by  the  Messrs. 
Cruickshank  during  a  period  of  forty-seven 
years  for  crossing  purposes!  This  necessarily 
wrought  a  wonderful  improvement  in  the  char- 
acter of  the  farm  cattle  of  Aberdeenshire  and 
adjacent  counties,  and  Robert  Bruce  has  favored 
us  with  the  following  interesting  statement  as 
to  how  the  cattle-growers  of  those  districts  pro- 
ceeded with  the  work  of  producing  the  "prime 
Scot": 

Before  the  Short-horns  found   their   way  to  the  Northern 
counties  of  Scotland  the  cattle  there  were  nearly  all  black,  a  large 
proportion  of  them  being  polled.    Between  1830  and  1840  Short- 
horns began  to  be  freely  used  by  the  ordinary  farmers  with  the 
result  that  there  was  improvement  in  the  size  over  the  native 
stock.    Along  with  increased  size  the  cross-bred  animals  had  the 
valuable  quality  of  maturing  early  in  comparison  with  others. 
The  results  of  using  a  Short-horn  bull  with  the  native  cows  were 
so  satisfactory  that  for  a  considerable  time  this  system  of  crossing 
was  considered  the  only  safe  and  proper  one.    I  can  remember 
well  the  effects  of  this  belief  all  over  the  North  of  Scotland  where 
the  farmers  had  gone  on  using  Short-horn  bulls  on  three,  four,  and 
five  generations  of  cows,  grades  from  the  original  native  polled 
cows  till  the  large  proportion  of  the  stock  in  'armers'  hands  were 
fairly  passable  Short-horns.    At  the  time  I  refer  to,  from  1850  to 
1860,  I  do  not  believe  you  could  have  found  two  Aberdeen-Angus 
bulls  serving  in  herds  other  than  those  that  were  pure-bred,  and 
so  few  pure-tred  herds  were  there  that  it  became  impossible  for 
the  ordinary  farmers  to  get  polled  heifers  to  follow  out  what  they 
called  the  right  smtcm  of  crossing. 

I  may  whisper  in  your  "  lug  "  that  it  was  about  this  time  that 


m 


A    DUAL-PURPOSE    BREED. 


805 


much  advanta Jt:tre\  ct°,1;f  ^^Thttr^  ^'^^^^'^^^^  ^^^^ 
the  point.  The  great  scarcitv  o?  a  k  i  '  ^T^^^""'  '^  ^^^^  *''o°» 
the  farmers  to  use  the  ?h«^?       Aberdeen-Angus  heifers  drove 

Short-horn  grade  cows  I  cafdiJ^^'^  '""^  '"  ^'^^^^  ^^^^^^ed 
the  doings  of  a  farrZ  L        <l»«"nctly  remember  the  subject  of 

horn)  cows  being  dSlsedwld:]?'^.'"'^'  "^^'-^^^^^  (^hort- 

he  had  ventured  ?o'^re?;1,rSrh^X^^^ 

was  carefully  watched  and  hnfn^«  «  ^^^  experiment 

for  Aberdeen  Angus  bulls  trnl^    J""  ^'''''  *^"^"  ^^«  ^  «i«°^and 

in  fact,  Short-hor'n  grat  co^s       '  ''''""^'  ^^^'^  °^  «^°-^-«^. 

oor^Zn'llZZTtUZtZ  TT!  T  '^'  ^^^^  *°  ^«  *^« 
cows  in  the  hands  of  fnr^,^  Scotland.    As  I  have  said  the 

These  were  put  to   he  Aberdeen  r'  T^?  ''  ''''  Short-horns. 

as  cows  PracU;t^sf  cttr  ^S  ^^f "  ^^^^ 

again  put  to  AberrlPPT,  a„  u  ,,®^®  ^''^  their  daughters  were 
again  Lught  in  t  /e,^^^^^^  Short-horn  bulls  were 

between  Short-horns  nTAberdeen' A  '^''f"'  ''^  °°  alternating 
herd-book  animals) ,  the  tarmer^;  ""'  ""  ^^'"^^^^  ^^^^'^^^^ 
direct  female  descendants  nf  ^^'^^^'^S  herds  of  cows  the 

I  do  not  knowlfi^ted  ;a7a7v^^''^''"^^^^"'^^^*'^«-■ 
Theblendof  tv  Jtwobreedsi.r^??      "l"'^'"^  °°  ^^'^  ^"^^^ect. 

cattle  having  no  e^u^^rf^:;  -p^trst:c';:t ''tMs"^^  ^  '''''  '' 
speaking  from  my  own  observaHnn  t  Lr         1  country;  and 

the  mixture  is  con'^^octed  so  longTit  is^^^^^^^^^  ""'«  '^'^- 

Angus,  the  judgment  of  the  breeder  b«^Jt\'"^  Aberdeen- 
determining  the  amount  of  either  of  fh«?  ?^^'  '"'''  ^^^^  *" 
nowever,  be  borne  in  min^  rw  i.®  '"^^  ^^^*°^«-    I*  °iust, 

not  prod;ce  the  PriL  Scots  w^T.V''f  ^''"^^^«  ^'^^"^^  couli 
ers  sell  at  such  higrprices  and  wMch?.'  ^"'°'  '^'''  ^"^  ''"*«^- 
to  pay  for  if  the  Nomcoun^^nt  "^^"^  ^^°  "  ^^«  P^^^se  1 

lose  their  calf  flesh  To  nrZl  (^  ^  f '''  ""^"'^  *'*^*''  ^"""^  ^'o'"^  «^ 
to  be  nt  to  km  VtL7dt^^\\'\!^^^^^^^^^^  -  ox  ought 

proper  age  for  slaughter  ent  relv  denS  ^  '^"^'"^'^  ^^  *^« 

like  circumstances  mLv  neonfe  '^^^  upon  markets  and  such 
erncattlesaytheflrsrcZs' Ti  "  ,  '^"l'"*'^  """^  **^«  ^o^th- 
from  farm  to'^farm Irthe  NorZ f  stJ^^^         T''  '"'  ^''"  ^^^  ^^ 

cows-cows  t/at  ptdutTtrrsr:; jbTLtr^^^^  ^^ 


iHii 


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806        A   HISTORY   OF   SHOUT-IIORN   CATTLE. 

Crosses  of  light-colored  Short-horns  and  the 
shaggy  black  Galloways  have  long  been  popular 
feeding  steers  in  Britain,  producing  a  "blue- 
gray  "  beast  that  feeds  out  into  a  thick-cutting 
carcass  of  richly-marbled  beef.  Needless  to 
add  the  "prime  Scots"  sell  at  fancy  prices  at 
Smithfield  and  other  leading  English  markets, 
and  are  frequent  winners  at  the  British  Na- 
tional fat-cattle  shows. 

Smithfield  Club. — England  is  epicurean  in 
relation  to  its  meats.  John  Bull  lives  much  in 
the  open  air.  He  is  in  vigorous  physical  health. 
His  digestion  is  not  impaired.  He  is  the  world's 
best  customer  for  rich,  well-ripened  cuts  of  beef. 
He  not  only  originated  all  of  the  improved 
breeds  of  beef  cattle,  but  more  than  a  century 
ago  provided  foi-  a  public  test  as  to  the  relative 
merits  of  the  rival  types. 

The  Smithfield  Club  of  London  v^as  insti- 
tuted as  "The  Smithfield  Cattle  and  Sheep  So- 
ciety," Dec.  17,  17D8,  and  held  its  first  exhibi- 
tion at  Smithfield  the  following  year.  The  title 
"Smithfield  Club"  was  permanently  adopted  in 
1802.  The  club  started  with  113  members, and 
at  the  initial  show  the  sum  of  £52  10s.  was  of- 
fered in  prizes.  In  1898  the  membership  had 
increased  to  1,120  with  prizes  amounting  to 
£4,965  lis.  Classes  are  now^  made  for  Short- 
horns, Herefords,  Aberdeen-Angus,  Galloways, 
Devons,  Sussex,  Red  Polls,  Welsh,  Highlanders, 


u, 


A   DUAL-PURPOSE    BREED. 


807 


cross-breds  and  small  cattle  not  otherwise  eli- 
gible     After  the  first  few  shows  the  exhibition 
was  discontinued  for  a  period  of  twpnty  years 
extending  from  1801)  to  1829.     The  official  rec- 
ord of  awards  for  the  sixty-seven  years,  begin- 
mng  with  the  show  of  1830,  reveals  the  fact 
that  thirty-hve  championships  have  been  won 
by  pure-bred  Short-horn  steers,  and  that  seven 
other  champions  were  crosses  of  8hort-horn 
blood  with  other  breeds.    Since  1845  medals 
have  been  given  for  the  best  fat  cow  or  heifer 
in  the  show,  and  during  the  fifty-two  years, 
ended  in  1897,  no  less  than  thirty-four  of  these 
championships  were  won  by  pure-bred  Short- 
horns.^^    Two  other  female  championships  have 


JohnBon  (31440)  out  01  Duchess  4th  by  Alrdrle  (303C5).    She  was  exhibited 


11 

Mi 

1        !         !' 

J    "      1 

808        A    HISTORY   OP   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


been  awarded  to  animals  carrying  a  Short-horn 
cross.  From  this  it  appears  that  the  breed  has 
easily  held  its  own  against  the  combined  oppo- 
sition of  all  rival  sorts. 

American  Fat-Stock  Show.— As  already  men- 
tioned the  establishment  of  the  American  Fat- 
Stock  Show  under  the  auspices  of  the  Illinois 
State  Board  of  Agriculture,  Chicago,  in  the 
autumn  of  1878,  marked  an  epoch  in  the  his- 
tory of  the  breed  in  the  United  States.  It  sub- 
stituted for  the  often  misleading  tests  of  the 
auction  ring  a  public  competition  based  solely 
on  demonstrated  merit  for  feeding  purposes;  in 
which  considerations  of  pedigree,  pride  of  birth 
and  ancestry  were  absolutely  eliminated.  It 
established  a  test,  the  results  of  which  were 
worked  out  by  the  cold  logic  of  the  scales  and 
the  judgment  of  butchers  and  feeders.  It 
forced  the  breeders  of  Short-horns  to  seek  a 
class  of  cattle  that  could  successfully  contend 
with  such  highly  specialized  beef  types  as  the 
Herefords,  Aberdeen- Angus  and  Galloways;  and 
the  manner  in  which  the  great  dual-purpose 
breed  responded  to  the  call  thus  made  upon  it 
affords  striking  demonstration  of  the  inherent 
capabilities  of  the  race.  In  these  day  of  "baby 
beef"  it  is  interesting  to  note  the  ages  and 
weights  of  the  steers  nth  which  prizes  were 
won  at  the  initial  shows. 

John   D.  Gillett  of  Elkhart,   111.,   who  had 


J        cs&ra 


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JOHN  D.  GILLETT,  Elkhart,  III. 

Father  of  Ihc  American  Export  Bullock  Trade. 


A   DUAL-PURPOSE    BREED. 


809 


IP 

HP? 


gained  international  fame  as  the  father  of  the 
trade  in  export  bullocks  to  Great  Britain,*  was 
trom  the  beginning  an  enthusiastic  supporter 
of  the  show,  winning  the  first  championship  in 
1878  with  the  Short-horn  steer  John  Sherman,  • 
about  three  years  and  seven  months  old,  weieh- 
ing2,1951hs.  Van  MeterandHamiltons  of  Ken- 
tucky exhibited  bullocks  mainly  of  the  Young 

-....;z".:','i.xr.'.TrKi2'';ri~,Si 

and  raisin,  he  ever  marketed-and  Bold  them  to  SrnLknesoToMrwh^ 
drove  them  East,  probably  to  Buffalo   N   v  ~  *"*""«"  •'on«8  of  Ohio,  who 

tlZl  '^"""^  ''■^''"'^  '"^^«  prominence  in  the  Western  cattle 


f;' 


810        A   HISTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN  CATTLE. 


Mary  family,  weighing  from  2,000  to  2,440  lbs. 
each.  These  cattle  were  three  and  four  years  old. 
At  the  show  of  1879  the  championship  fell 
to  the  Kentucky-bred  roan  three-year-old  steer 
Nichols,  shown  by  J.  H.  Graves  at  a  weight 
of  2,060  lbs.  He  represented  mainly  the  Duke 
of  Airdrie  and  Renick  blood,  and  was  a  grand 
specimen  of  the  best  type  of  prime  beeves  in 
demand  at  that  period.  Even  at  this  early 
day  a  call  was  made  for  the  abolition  of  the 
class  for  four-year-olds.  After  the  holding  of 
the  second  show  it  was  pointed  out  that  the 
championships  had  both  been  won  by  three- 
year-olds.  Besides  this  Mr.  Gillett  had  under- 
taken to  carry  over  the  champion  of  the  first 
show  in  the  hope  of  winning  again  at  the 
second,  but  he  came  back  so  rough  and  tallowy 
that  he  failed  to  receive  even  second  prize. 
Notwithstanding  this  fact  Nichols  was  re- 
turned to  the  show  of  1880*  and  again  received 
championship  honors,  tipping  the  scales  at  the 
great  weight  of  2,465  lbs.  Mr.  Gillett  was 
again  prominent  as  an  exhibitor,  but  as  he 
brought  his  cattle  direct  from  the  pastures 
without  special  handling  or  fitting  in  the  mod- 

*  Nichols  was  shown  at  the  exhibition  of  1879  as  a  pure-bred  Short-horn, 
but  his  exhibitor  actlnfr  ujon  information  alleged  to  have  been  subse- 
auently  furnished,  presented  him  at  the  show  of  1880  as  a  grade.  The 
steer's  ago  was  also  called  In  question  and  a  heated  controversy  was 
waged  in  reference  to  tlm  during  the  exhibition  of  1880.  There  was  no 
question  as  to  his  outstanding  superiority  or  as  to  his  being  to  axl  intents 
and  purposes  a  purely-bred  Short-horn. 


A   DUAL-PDEPOSE   BREED. 


811 


ern  sense  of  the  term,  his  steers  were  faulted 
as  lacking  in  show-yard  finish 

Stfck  yt]  ^,  ^''^™^°  °f  «'«  Chicago  Union 
btock-Yaids  tor  many  seasons  made  a  practice 
o  buying  and  maintaining  in  a  show  barn  at 
frl  vl  ?  '^P^^mens  of  the  best  show  steers 
fiom  year  to  year,  and  at  the  exhibition  of 
1880  he  presented  at  the  Fat-Stock  Show  the 

weight  of  3,125  lbs.,  which  is,  we  believe,  the 
record  to-  weight  at  these  shows.  For  sonie 
years  a  class  for  heaviest  fat  steers  was  main- 
tamed,  but  as  It  only  served  to  bring  out  an 
aggregation  of  unprofitable  mountains  of  taJ- 
iow  It  was  properly  abandoned.  Messrs.  Dodge 
of  Ohio  had  a  pair  of  pure-bred  twin  four-year- 
old  bhort-horn  steers  at  the  show  of  1882 
weighing  together  5,250  lbs.  The  four-year-old 
class  was  dropped  after  the  show  of  1880 

Mr.  Gillett  gained  the  championship  in  1881 
with  his  celebrated  red  bullock  McMulIen  at  a 

light  .with  Miller's  grade  Hereford  Conqueror 
Morrow  &  Muir  of  Kentucky  exhibited  Igood 
load  of  Short-horns  at  this  show,  and  entries 
were  also  made  by  J.  H.  Potts  &  Son  and  the 
bow  Park  management,  the  latter  exhibiting 
the  champion  cow,  Lady  Aberdeen  3d 

McMullen  came  back  to  the  show  of  1882 
having  made  a  gain  for  the  year  of  470  lbs ' 


,! 

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A   HISTORY   OF   SHORT-nO,RN   CATTLE. 


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If' 


and  repeated  his  championship  winning  of  the 
previous  year  at  a  weigiit  of  2,565  lbs.  He  was 
a  good  type  of  the  old-fashioned  sort,  possess- 
ing a  table  back  and  enormous  size,  but  stand- 
ing rather  high  from  the  ground.  The  Messrs. 
Groff  of  Canada  supplied  a  great  2,400-lb.  steer 
at  this  show  called  Canadian  Champion,  that 
had  a  more  even  distribution  of  thick  flesh 
than  McMullen,  and  John  Hope  appeared  from 
Bow  Park  with  his  famous  Bates-bred  white 
bullock,  Clarence  Kirklevington,  as  a  yearling, 
weighing  1,620  lbs.  Messrs.  Potts  had  a  re- 
markable steer  in  this  show  also,  known  as  Red 
Major,  a  well-ripened  bullock  weighing  1,600 
lbs.  at  715  days  old.  The  late  Hon.  D.  M.  Mon- 
inger,  of  Galvin,  la.,  one  of  the  most  noted 
of  the  Trans-Mississippi  feeders  of  his  day, 
and  a  disciple  of  John  D.  Gillett,  exhibited  in 
1882  his  famous  "Crimson  Herd,"  including  the 
good,  thick-fleshed,  short-legged  1,945-lb.  steer 
Tom  Brown. 

In  1883  Mr.  C.  M.  Culbertson,  Newman,  Rl., 
won  the  championship  with  a  roan  white-faced 
steer.  Roan  Boy,  sired  by  a  Hereford  bull  out  of 
a  Short-horn  cow,  both  factions  claiming  a  full 
share  of  the  honor  of  the  award.  This  v/as  a 
memorable  show,  the  grade  class  being  perhaps 
the  largest  ever  seen  at  this  exhibition,  and  re- 
markable for  the  large  number  of  Herefords 
shown  by  Messrs.  Earl   &  Stuart,   Fowler  & 


n 


A    DyAL-PURPOSE   BREED.  8^3 

Soi's  n;?''''/''""'  ^^''"^"'•^  *  Sample  and 
Ihomas  Clark.    An  interesting?  feature  of  thk 

«how  wasthe  exhibition    by  GearyBros   o 

Canada  of  the  imported  Aberdeen-Angns  ttoee 

year-o  d  bullock  lilack  Prince.    Another  noted 

ammal  was  Fowler  &  Van  Natta's  Benton's 

.^.ieTh"%T'^  ^I  ^  «^^<^f°^'^  bull  out  of  a 
g.ade  Short-horn  dam.*  Clarence  Kirkleving- 
ton  was  also  forward  as  a  two-year-old  w"f. 
>"'>g  fir^t  ,„  his  class.  Other  notable  ekTes 
were  Imboden's  Short-horn  Scratch  Tom 
Swa?air"-^'-^-^-Earl4Her 

encp^l^tl  '"'"'!'"'1  '-""^  «igWy.four  was  Clar- 
ence  Kirklev.ngton's  year.    The  lordly  snow- 

head  s„,lh  fi      u'-'  ^""^  ^'"^   *>*«  beautiful 
head  superb  finish,  great  scale  and  command- 

ng  show-yard  presence  was  not  to  be  denied 

championship  honors.    After  beating  down  all 

caiCr  bv  "-'  It""'^^'"^-^  bis  tfiumphan 
caieer  by  gaming  the  championship  in  the 
dressed  carcass  contest,  although  ?h  s  lat^ 
ter  award  did  not  escape  severe  cri  L  m 
Another  grand  Short-horn  steer  at  tWs  same 
show  was  Morrow  &  Renick's  Ke„tucky-br"d 
roan.  Schooler,  one  of  the  handsomest  bullocte 

ch:^wrr„tT.s  r?.  * 'kr/L'^-r  -""■  ■»  -'^"^  «» 

llelit,  wolBWne 2,170 11,,.  Thai ,1™  w,l,  ^f "  '  '"'"'-'■"n"  snUi'  stoi- 
»»s  finally  .«a»don«l  o„iiT„TTr',"'^,'"  ""'■''"■«"».»« 
liwie,  °'  "'  "enreselon  In  the  Weslen  oallle 


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814 


A   HISTORY   OF    SHORT-HORN    CATTLE. 


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I  I  > 


ever  seen  at  a  fat-stock  show  in  this  country. 
The  richly- fleshed  grade  Short-horn  Charley 
Ross,  shown  by  Messrs.  Iloss  of  Ohio,  defeated 
at  this  show  a  large  and  excellent  ring  of  three- 
year-olds  representing  the  different  breeds.    In 
1885  and  again  in  1886  the  Herefords  bore  away 
the  chief  honors  with  the  grade  Regains  and 
the  pure-bred  Rudolph  Jr.,  the  former  shown 
by  Fowler  &  Van  Natta  and  the  latter  by  George 
Morgan.     A   remarkably  handsome    yearling 
pure-bred  Short-horn  known  as  Cleveland  was 
shown  by  Messrs.  Elbert  &  Fall  of  Albia,  la.,  at 
the  show  of  1885,  winning  the  yearling  cham- 
pionship.*   Rudolph  Jr.,  the  Hereford,  was  the 
first  young  steer  of  the  "  pony  "  type  to  win  a 
championship  at  these  shows,  and  it  was  notice- 
able that  the  two-year-olds  of  all  breeds  were 
beginning  to  come  forward  much  stronger  rela- 
tively than  the  older  cattle.    The  show  was  be- 
ginning to  bear  fruit.     The  idea  that  cattle 
could  be  profitably  fed  until  four  years  old  was 
being  rapidly  exploded.!   So  practical  and  suc- 

•  Messrs.  Elbert  &  Pall  were  for  many  years  prominent  breeders  of 
pure-bred  Short-horns,  handling  many  excellent  cattle  and  making  a 
number  of  very  successful  public  sales.  They  became  the  owners  of  the 
Bates-bred  stock  of  Colonel  H.  M.  Valle  of  Independence,  Mo.,  famous  for 
the  merit  of  the  Waterloos. 

t  We  believe  that  Messrs.  James  N.  Brown's  Sons  of  Sangamon  County 
were  the  first  to  advocate  classes  for  calves  and  yearlings  at  the  fat-stock 
show  Mr  William  Brown  of  that  firm,  whose  genial  personalty  and  high 
intelligence  have  endeared  him  to  a  wide  circle  of  friends  and  acquaint- 
ances usually  represented  the  firm  upon  such  occasions,  and  it  must  be 
recorded  that  Grove  Park  in  the  early  days  of  the  fat-stock  show  lived  up 
to  the  best  traditions  of  its  earlier  years  when  it  was  the  primary  source 
of  Short-horn  power  In  the  State  of  Illinois. 


A   DUAL-PURPOSE    BREED. 


815 


cessful  a  man  as  John  D.  Gillett  stated  pub- 
licly that  he  had  abandoned  his  former  methods 
and  was  now  aiming  to  market  cattle  at  about 
thirty  months  old. 

At  the  show  of  1887  Short-horns  resumed 
u'l  "^rT^:  '^^  championship  being  carried 
by  i).  M.  Moninger's  Doctor  Glick-an  1,855-lb 
two-year-old  grade.  The  champion  of  the  class 
tor  pure-bred  Short-horns  was  J.  J.  Hill's  three- 
year-old  Prentice,  representing  a  cross  of  his 
Oxford  bull  upon  one  of  his  mixed-bred  cows. 
Moffat  Bros.,  Paw  Paw,  111.,  had  a  wonderfully 
thick  two-year-old  in  this  show-Cruickshank 
jid,  sired  by  imp.  Amherst  and  weighing  1  705 

w  11  ^"^  l?^.^n^®  Aberdeen-Angus  Dot,  bred  by 
Wallace  Lstill  and  shown  by  Mr.  Imboden  re- 
ceived chief  honors  of  the  show;  his  closest 
competitor  at  the  finish  being  the  two-year-old 
Short-horn  Brant  Chief  from  Bow  Park     The 
Angus  weighed  1,5K  lbs.  at  863  days,  an  aver- 
age gam  per  day  of  1.75.      The    Short-horn 
weighed   1,890  lbs.  at  1,022  days,  an  average 
gain   per  day  of  1.85.    One  of  the  strongest 
steers  of  this  show  was  Potts'  Richmond,  and 
another  capital  entry  was  Blish  &  Son's  year- 
hng  Mark,  sired  by  Dick  Taylor  of  Glenwood. 
The  champion  of  the  show  of  1889  was  Elbert 
&  1^  all  s  graae  two-year-old  Short-horn  Rigdon 
a  son  of  the  Duchess  bull  2d  Duke  of  Brant' 
shown  in  beautiful  bloom  at  a  weight  of  1  950 


I 


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81  ()        A    HISTORY    OF   SUORT-HOllN    CATTLE. 


LiJi 


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.    ...  —'si.  : 

i::-l 

lbs.  The  champion  of  the  Short-horn  class  at 
this  show  was  J.  J.  Hill's  Britisher,  a  sappy, 
thick-fleshed  roan,  got  by  a  bull  that  was  sired 
by  imp.  Gambetta  out  of  a  Cruickshank  Bra- 
with  Bud  cow  sired  by  a  Bates  Oxford  bull. 
Mr.  W.  H.  Renick,  who  had  been  a  persistent 
and  successful  exhibitor,  showing  cattle  full  of 
the  Rose  of  Sharon  blood,  was  also  well  repre- 
sented in  this  exhibition  by  the  handsome  two- 
year-old  bullocks  Nonesuch  and  Twilight,  that 
divided  the  ballots  of  Messrs.  Moberley  and 
Gosling  in  t«;ieir  class.  At  the  show  of  1890 
Nonesuch  came  back  and  carried  off  the  cham- 
pionship in  his  three-year-old  form  at  a  weight 
of  2,090  lbs. 

In  1891  the  three-year-old  class  was  dropped; 
so  general  had  become  the  conviction  that  the 
three-year-olds  should  no  longer  be  encouraged. 
The  abolition  of  this  class,  together  with  the 
depressing  influence  of  a  dragging  market 
throughout  the  entire  country  for  pure-bred 
cattle,  materially  decreased  the  size  of  the 
show.  The  exhibition,  while  it  had  been  im- 
mensely popular  with  all  close  students  of  the 
problems  of  profitable  meat  production,  had 
never  been  a  financial  success.  It  had  now  en- 
tered upon  a  serious  decline,  and,  as  the  large 
Exposition  Building  upon  the  Chicago  Lake 
Front,  in  which  the  shows  had  been  held  from 
the  beginning,  was  about  to  be  torn  ilown  the 


|i     2      . 


A    DUAL-PURPOSE    BREED. 


817 


management  abandoned  the  exhibition  after  the 
showot    89     atwhich  the  championship  was 
won  by  Mr.  Van  Natta's  two-year-old  Hereford 
Hickory  Nut.     The  champion  of  the  Short-horn 
Class  at  this  final  show  was  Potts'  Captain.    The 
yearling  championship  of  the  hall  was  won  by 
John  Gosling  s  Bob  Cass,  a  three-quarter-bred 
Sloit-horn;  the  calf  championship   falling  to 
Hero  '    T  \Ti  ;^^-l^-dge,  sired  by  Spartan 
Hero.      In  the  fall  of  1892,  through  the  efforts 
ot  private  individuals,  a  so-called  "emergency" 
show  was  held  at  the  stock-yards,  at  which  the 
Champion  prize  was  awarded  Potts  &  Son's 
King.    In  1893  at  the  Columbian  Show  the 
chainpionship  fell  to  Milton  E.  Jones  of  Wil- 

National  a^HooiatloJ  ttteel—  °'  the  various 

whlchhaahudiiopamnel  InThrvir  f  f^«t«'-l^ed  by  an  enthusiasm 
The  old  Grand  PaTflc  Hotel  t  C^^^^^^^^^ 

late  John  B.  Drake  and  Samuol  p-.^^  ""  '  ""^''''  *^^  management  of  the 
coterie  of  choice  sptrUs  wl2  fives  IT h  the/^vorlte  rendezvous  for  a 
many  an  Interesting-  s^sZ^■  has  Trrf";^*!:*  *°  ^^'^^"^  *''^*^«:  'i»d 
famous  old-tlniehostelry     It  was  the  on!,"  ^^^'^^  ^"^"^^'^th  the  roof  of  that 

the  wealthy  fanciers.  sibstaSaitrere^^^^^^ 

feeding  fraternity,  and  In  fact  ill  w^r™        / .  ^  marshals  "  of  the 

any  of  the  leading  breeds  cmno  o^m  T  *"*«'-*'«t'^'i  ^  the  fortunes  of 
for  the  Indulgencf  SSsDMLf  f  i°' ''^ '"''^'■'^^^"^^  «' I'l^"^ 
those  Who  devote  themselves  he  rTT'f  ''''''  ""'"^ '''''''  characterized 
the  Improved  type^of  dome«tl-.  '  "^  ^''-  '^"^  '"''''"^^''^  ^"'^  '^"^"^  «' 
devote  themsefves  to  the  exc  te«  o,  ^""'2'  ^^?  "''  ^"  ^--<^«  ^ould 
Exposition  Building  on  the  LaSr.  ♦  u    °^  *"  Progress  In  the  old 

at  Dexter  Park.  At  n^ght  aroSnd  !he  i!;  '/^  ^"^""'^  ^'^^''^  ^"  ^'^^'^^^ 
Ing  Influences  of  good  comZvld?  "''"I  ^*''"^'  "^  ""''•^''  *«  "^^''ov.' 
"feast  Of  reason  and  a  floTofTul'-th^tT"^^^  there  would  be  a 

those  Who  were  prlvIlegldL  enter  thlT'^'' i""'^  ^"^  *^« '"^'""rles  of 

days  are  gone,  perLps  ^ver  to  return  M^nroTthrf'.';  ''^"^^  '""''^'^ 
passed  away,  but  those  who  survive  will^reve,n  ^^"^^"^  ""^^'^'^  ^^^« 
were  permitted  to  partlclmte  in  fl  I     "^^^r  cease  to  rejoice  that  they 

around  their  recolleS^.'Sft\i"iTa;m^^^^     "'"  ^^"^^^  «^-*- 


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818    A  HISTORY  OF  SHORT-HORN  CATTLE. 

liamsville,  111.,  on  the  two-year-old  Short-horn 
Banner  Bearer.  In  1894  the  Illinois  State  Board 
made  one  final  effort,  holding  an  exhibition  at 
Tattersall's  in  Chicago,  the  Short-horns  leaving 
off,  as  they  had  begun  in  1878,  by  capturing  the 
championship,  the  award  going  to  J.  H.  Potts 
&  Son's  Whiskers  of  Milton  E.  Jones'  breeding. 
Since  that  date  America  has  unfortunately  been 
without  a  fat-stock  show.  It  appears  from  ^^'3 
above  record  that  the  Short-horns  won  eleven 
out  of  the  sixteen  championships  awarded,  be- 
sides contributing  to  the  blood  of  two  of  the 
grade  Hereford  champions. 

On  the  range. — As  already  stated  it  was  the 
blood  of  Short-horn  bulls  that  laid  the  founda- 
tion for  the  present  improved  class  of  cattle 
coming  from  the  Western  ranges.  Large  num- 
bers of  them  had  been  used  throughout  the 
Western  country  before  the  Herefords  were 
bred  in  the  Western  States,  so  that  when  the 
''white-faced"  bulls  began  going  upon  the 
ranges  the  cow  herds  were  in  many  instances 
well  graded  up  with  Short-horn  blood.  The 
Southwest  has  been  the  great  breeding  ground 
of  the  new  West  and  few  men  are  better  qual- 
ified to  speak  of  the  manner  in  which  the  great 
herds  of  the  Texas  Panhandle  have  been 
brought  to  their  present  level  than  Mr.  Charles 
Goodnight.  In  a  recent  letter  to  the  author 
Mr.  Goodnight,  who  is  recognized  as  one  of 


A    DUAL-PURPOSE    BREED. 


819 


the  leaders  in  the  improvement  of  Southwest- 
ern herds,  says: 

When  I  came  into  the  Panhandle  of  Texas  it  was  an  unsettled 
wild  being  some  250  miles  to  the  nearest  settlement  toward  the 
^^iCJTt^f  .  ""^'^"^  ""'  communication  with  th?settled 

to  ti«7„t  v,^*^*^  '""  ^  °"°^''^^  °'  y^^'-^  I  ^'^"'^^t  advise  you  as 
to  the  date  when  they  commenced  to  breed  Short-horns  in  those 
districts.  I  came  to  the  Panhandle  in  1876  from  Colorado,  bringing 
r«d  Sh'  7r^  '*''''  '"*""'  ^'"'"^  ^'"  high-grade  and  some  pure 
?h«t  ?  V.  r^'  °^  "^"^hams,"  as  we  were  accustomed  to  caH 
IvT;  »,  K  n  °"^^*  ''^  Kentucky  in  1869  114  head  of  pedigreed 
Short-horn  bulls  as  calves,  and  used  them  to  great  advantage 
borne  years  ater  I  bought  about  800  high-grade  and  pldigreed 
Short-horns  in  Kansas  and  Missouri,  and  from  this  "  plant  f'  the 
Panhandle  of  Texas  was  largely  "  blooded  "  f  «  t     me 

At  a  later  date  these  cattle  and  their  descendants  were  crossed 
by  Herefords  from  which  cross  sprung  some  of  the  most  noted  of 
existing  Panhandle  herds.  In  this  altitude  and  climate  the  great- 
est  success  is  attained  by  this  cross,  and  we  will  continue  to  so 
breed  cattle  in  this  part  of  the  country. 

Mr.  Murdo  Mackenzie,  manager  for  the  Mat- 
ador Land  and  Cattle  Co.,  one  of  the  largest 
"outfits"  in  the  Panhandle  country,  confirms 
Mr.  Goodnight's  testimony  as  to  the  partiality 
of  Southwestern  ranchmen  for  a  dip  of  Short- 
horn blood.    While  other  breeds  have  staunch 
friends  and  will  undoubtedly  continue  to  be 
largely  used  in  the  Western  trade,  Mr.  Mac- 
kenzie, in  common  with  most  other  unpreju- 
diced men,  claims  that  the  blood  of  the  Short- 
horn will  ever  remain  a  prime  factor  in  main- 
tammg  the  size  of  the   Southwestern  stock 
He  states  that  on  the  occasion  of  a  recent  visit 
to  the  great  X  I  T  range,  the  largest  in  the 
world,  the  property  of  the  Capitol  Syndicate  he 


m 


820 


A   HISTORY   OF  SHOKT-HOKN   CATTLE. 


1. 


(  ' 

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1) 

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II-' 


called  the  attet^tiou  of  the  manager  to  the  fact 
that  the  Short-hf /i ,  steers  would  average  sev- 
enty-five pounds  heavier  than  those  in  which 
other  bloods  predominated,  which  fact  was 
promptly  admitted.  No  man  in  the  American 
cattle  trade  stands  higher  than  .Alurdo  Macken- 
zie. A  large  buyer  and  user  of  Herefords  him- 
self, his  statements  herewith  quoted,  made  in 
the  course  of  a  recent  interview  with  the  au- 
thor, reflect  not  the  partisanship  of  a  Short- 
horn breeder,  but  the  deliberate  judgment  of 
one  of  the  best  informed  and  most  intelligent 
of  the  present  generation  of  brainy  cattlemen 
operating  on  the  Western  range. 

Similar  testimony  comes  from  every  nook 
and  corner  of  the  great  grazing  grounds  of  the 
Western  plains  and  mountain  valleys  as  well 
as  from  the  Pacific  Slope.*  In  the  Northwest 
Short-horn  blood  has  been  in  demand  ever 
since  neat  cattle  superseded  the  buffalo.  Con- 
rad Kohrs,t  Pierre  Wibaux  and  their  contem- 
poraries have  spread  the  Short-horn  colors  ev- 

*Pure-bred  Short-horns  were  Introduced  Into  California  a  great  many 
years  ago  and  the  blood  has  been  freely  used  upon  the  immense  ram-hes  of 
that  State.  One  of  the  most  notable  shipments  ever  sent  to  the  Coiist  was 
a  purchase  made  by  John  D.  Curr  from  Col.  V/illlam  S.  King  of  Lyndale, 
which  included  among  other  celebrities  tlie  great  Imported  Crulckshank 
cow  Christabel,  by  Champion  of  England. 

tConrad  Kohrs  made  his  first  large  investment  in  Northwestern  cattle 
In  1866,  when  he  bought  from  "Johnnie  "  Grant  ;i  largo  hoi  i  containing 
many  well-bred  Short-horns.  In  1871  he  began  buying  Short-horn  bulls  on 
an  extensive  scale  tnroughout  the  corn-belt.  His  annual  shipments  of 
beef  cattle  to  Eastern  markets  have  averaged  a.  >ut  3,000  head,  and  these, 
on  account  of  their  good  breeding,  have  uniformly  commanded  a  high 
price. 


A   DUAL-PURPOSE    BKEED. 


821 


erywhere  throughout  the  Northern  range.  In 
the  course  of  a  recent  lettor  to  the  author  Mr 
Wibaux  says: 

1  will  simply  Buy  this,  that  the  Short-horn  is  the  only  bull  to 

ir,Z\nTr''"^l^  '^"°''^-  ^  ^°"^^'  "^y  «"*  «°« 1^  Kentucky 
m  1888  and  have  been  usir  j  them  ever  since.  Whenever  I  have 
branched  out  with  other  breeds  I  have  been  son  v  for  H  as  the 
increase  would  then  be  reduced  in  size  or  of  bad  color.    Ou^  o'dest 

Short-hdrr°*''°'''  ^""^  *^^  ^"''  ^^  ^^^'  ^*'^'  ^"''^  ^'«^  ^'^"^  *»^« 

Mr.  Wibaux  ranks  as  one  of  the  "cattle 
kings"  of  the  West  and  while  his  testimony 
may  soud'I  rather  radical  it  serves  to  demon- 
strate that  notwithstanding  the  admitted  value 
and  popularity  of  other  breeds  in  connection 
with  Western  ranching  the  Shoit-horn  has  a 
permane.it,  hold  in  that  trade  as  well  as  among 
the  farmers,  feeders  and  dairymen  of  the  older 
States. 

Dairy  capacity.  -From  the  earliest  periods 
the  breed  h  s  produced  cows  of  splendid  capac- 
ity at  the  pail.  One  of  the  first  of  the  English 
breeders  to  pay  special  attention  to  the  dairy 
quality  of  his  herd  was  Jonas  Whi  aker,  whose 
cows  were  celebrated  throughout  all  England 
for  their  splendid  udders  and  heavy  flow  of 
milk.  Bntes  was  always  proud  of  his  butter 
records.  Indeed,  in  the  early  days  there  was 
scarcely  a  heru  of  note  that  did  not  possess  cows 
of  exceptional  capacity  in  this  dii  action.  Even 
at  Killerby  and  Warlaby,  where  beef  was  the 
prime  considoration,  deep-milking  cows  were 


m 


ilJH 


822 


A    HI8T0UY   OF   aHOllT-FIOKN   CATTLE. 


I' 


frequently  developed.  Sir  Charles  Knightley 
with  his  Fawsley  Fill  pails  carried  the  reputa- 
tion of  the  Short-horn  as  a  miliving  stock 
throughout  the  entire  cattle-breeding  world. 

The  early  importations  into  New  England 
and  the  East  were  specially  distinguished  in 
this  regard;  the  descendants  of  such  imported 
cows  as  Pansy,  Arabella,  Agatha,  Belina,  the 
Princesses  and  many  others  furnishing  bounti- 
ful supplies  of  dairy  products.  Cows  descend- 
ing from  the  earlier  Ohio  and  Kentucky  impor- 
tations, although  not  handled  to  such  an  extent 
as  were  those  of  the  East,  with  a  view  toward 
dairy  work,  often  gave  much  more  milk  than 
their  lusty  calves  could  possibly  take  care  of. 
The  earlier  volumes  of  the  American  Herd  Book 
contain  many  references  to  remarkable  milk 
and  butter  records,  and  coming  down  to  recent 
times  we  have  the  official  Columbian  test,  the 
records  of  various  State  fairs  and  agricultural 
colleges,  as  well  as  private  dairies,  to  prove 
that  this  valuable  trait  still  exists  whenever 
and  wherever  the  necessary  pains  are  taken  to 
cultivate  it.  This  is  as  true  to-day  in  the  old 
country  as  it  is  in  the  United  States,  as  is 
shown  by  the  official  records  of  the  London 
Dairy  Show  and  by  the  books  of  the  great  Eng- 
lish dairy  supply  companies  and  of  the  herds 
making  a  specialty  of  the  milking  strains. 

It  is  a  well-known  fact  that  the  milking  habit 


:U 


''111 


DOWAGER  3d. 

First.Prue  Dairy  C,no  at  l,„-  lioyal  E„gli.s,,  shows  of  ,8g2  a,ui  ,8,,. 
J'nnfur,,f_0,  ,/,,.  of  lu,tUr  in  „  ,„„„„,s. 


MOLLY  MILLICENT. 

Ing/..ooo.i,  Penrith.     (Reproduced  fro.n  ,ra..ing  i„  Lon2n^      ' 
Ltve  Stock  yoiirnui.) 


L   ilJl 


m4 


1.  t 


li' 


h\ 


\\ii'' 


A   DUAL-PURPOSE   BREED. 


823 


IS  one  which  may  lie  dormant  if  neglected 
and  which  ib  yet  susceptible  of  cultivation  to 
a  remarkable  degree.  At  present  a  large  pro- 
portion of  Short-horn  breeders  devote  their  at- 
tention rather  to  the  development  of  the  feed- 
ing and  fleshing  qualities  of  their  stock  at  the 
expense  of  the  milk-making  proclivities.  This 
is  a  point  which  needs  attention.  It  is  a  well- 
known  fact  that  the  best  milkers,  as  a  rule, 
prove  the  best  mothers,  rear  the  best  calves 
and  thus  become  the  most  reliable  sources  of 
profit  in  the  herd.  A  typical  Short-horn  cow 
should  require  no  "  wet-nurse  "  for  her  progeny, 
and  by  a  judicious  system  of  selection  and 
management  any  good  breeding  herd  may  be- 
come noted  for  its  milk  as  well  as  for  its  beef. 
In  this  fact  lies  the  chief  glory  of  the  Short- 
horn.* 

State  fair  tests.— We  can  conceive  of  no 
place  more  thoroughly  unsuited  for  the  proper 
testing  of  dairy  cows  than  our  American  State 
fairs.  Few  animals  can  be  expected  to  do 
themselves  justice  immediately  after  a  railway 
journey,  set  down  in  the  midst  of  new  and  un- 

•  Space  win  not  admit  of  our  endeavoring  to  collect  and  set  forth  the 
many  remarkable  milk  and  butter  records  made  by  Short-liorn  cows  in 
Eng  and.  We  are  indebted  to  Prof.  W.  J.  Kennedy  of  the  Illinois  Agricul- 
tural Experiment  Station  for  the  portrait  of  the  English-tn-d  cow  Dowager 
M.  which  is  reproduced  in  this  volume.  This  cow  was  bred  and  owned  by 
Mr.  C.  A.  Pratt,  Rushford,  Evesliam,  Eng.,  and  was  first-prize  wlnn  -r  at 
the  Royal  shows  of  1892  and  1893,  besides  proving  the  best  dairy  cow  by 
actual  test.  Her  milk  recoi-d  was  G8  lbs.  in  one  day,  from  whicli  2  lbs  10  oz 
of  butter  were  made.  Slie  was  a  magnificent  type  of  the  dual-purpose  sort 
and  aad  a  butter  record  of  561  lbs.  In  one  year. 


I       .!ii 


H 


ri: 


u 
[i 


824 


A    HISTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


favorable  surroundings  under  the  uncertain 
influences  of  a  change  of  feed  and  water.  Nev- 
ertheless, various  State  boards  of  agriculture 
have  offered  prizes  for  short  tests  officially  con- 
ducted upon  these  occasions,  and  in  proof  of 
what  Short-horns  can  do  even  under  these  con- 
ditions the  following  figures  are  submitted: 

New  York  State  Fair  in  1889,  Fillpail  8d  (Vol.  XXXIV,  page 
938)  in  twenty-tour  hours  gave  30^^  lbs.  of  milk,  from  which  1}4 
lbs.  of  butter  were  made.  At  same  fair  Betsy  7th  (Vol.  XXXV) 
in  twenty-four  hours  gave  19%  lbs.  of  milk,  from  which  3  lbs.  and 
X  oz.  of  butter  was  made.  Fillpail  3d  had  produced  her  calf 
ninety-seven  days  before  and  Betsy  7th  176  days  before. 

Indiana  State  Fair  1889,  Wild  Duchess  of  Oxford  (Vol.  XXXII, 
page  467),  test  from  Sept.  9  to  Sept.  16,  inclusive,  7  lbs.  13  oz,  of 
butter  were  made,  weighed  after  the  second  working  and  free 
from  buttermilk.  The  test  on  the  fair  grounds  was  twenty-four 
hours,  in  which  time  she  gave  33  lbs.  7^  cz.  of  milk. 

Missouri  State  Fair,  same  year.  Red  Rosa  (Vol.  XXVIII,  page 
1007)  in  twenty-four  hours  gave  3  gals.  3  qts.  of  milk  and  8  oz.  of 
butter.  She  took  the  second  prize  in  sweepstakes,  being  beaten 
by  a  Jersey  giving  3  gals.  1  qt.  of  milk,  yielding  8  oz.  of  butter. 

Illinois  State  Fair  in  1890,  Cora  B.  (Vol.  XXV,  page  650), 
twenty-four  hours  test  gave  34^  lbs.  milk;  total  solids,  3.017.' 
Beatitude  gave  31.50  lbs.  of  milk,  total  solids,  3.716. 

Michigan  State  Fair  1890,  Moss  Rose  4th  (Vol.  XXXV,  page 
679),  one  day's  test,  butter  3  lbs.  in  grand  sweepstakes,  there  being 
eight  entries. 

Iowa  State  Fair  1890,  Cora  B.  (Vol.  XXV,  page  650),  twelve 
hours'test,  35.75  lbs.  milk;  butter-fat,  1.05;  cream  gauge,  11.50  per 
cent.  Valentine  Gwynne  (Vol.  XXXVI)  gave  31^^  lbs.  of  milk, 
butter-fat,  87;  cream  gauge,  10  per  cent. 

Kentucky  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Association  in  1890, 
Carnation  43d  (Vol.  XXVI,  page  1339)  two-day  test  milking,  one 
held  the  week  before  the  fair  and  the  other  on  the  fair  grounds. 
First  test  was  53  lbs.  and  on  the  fair  grounds  13  qts.  Zenda vista 
(Vol.  XXVI,  page  1239),  first  test  48  lbs.,  on  the  fairgrounds  12 
qta.  Heifers  under  three  years  old,  Lakewood  Lady  (Vol. 
XXXVI)  first  test  9  lbs.,  on  the  fair  ground  3%  qts.  Chautauqua 
Belle,  first  ..jst  11  lbs.  and  on  the  fair  ground  5  qts. 


of 


IH 


of 


of 


12 


i>  1 


\  I 


ir 


A   DUAL-PURPOSE    BREED. 


825 


New  York  Stake  Fair  in  1890,  Kitty  Clr.y  2d  (Vol.  XXI,  page 
6B3)  gave  42  lbs.  13  oz.  milk  from  which  1  lb.  11  oz.  of  butter  was 
made,  unsalted.  Constance  of  Brookdale  28th  (Vol  XXXIII,  page 
596)  gave  42  lbs.  3  oz.  of  milk  and  1  lb.  8  oz.  of  butter  was  made. 
Chautauqua  Belle  36th  gave  23  lbs.  10  oz.  of  milk  from  which  12  oz, 
of  butter  was  made.  Lake  wood  Lady  (Vol.  XXXVI)  ga  ,'e  11  lbs. 
8  oz.,  from  which  8  oz.  of  butter  was  made,  the  two  latter  being  in 
the  younger  class. 

Western  Pennsylvania  Agricultural  Association  in  1890,  Dolly 
2d  (Vol.  XXXIV,  page  618),  52  lbs.  15  oz.  of  milk,  lactometer  test 
110  per  cent  above  State  standard.  The  actual  worth  of  milk  at 
$1.50  per  hundred,  79  per  cent.  Actual  worth  of  milk  $1.16,  cost  of 
feed,  twenty-six  days  test,  40  cents.  Net  gain  in  two  days  test, 
56  cents.  Bracelet  llth  (XXVII,  page  585) ,  weight  of  milk,  71  lbs. 
13  oz. ;  lactometer  test  109  per  cent  above  State  standard.  Current 
worth  of  milk  at  11.50  per  hundred  was  $1.07.  Actual  worth  of 
milk  at  $1.50  per  hundred,  $1.29;  cost  of  feed  two-day  test,  74 
cents.    Net  gain,  55  cents. 

Nebraska  State  Board  of  Agriculture  in  1890,  5th  Mistletoe  of 
the  Grove  (Vol.  XIX,  page  14718),  two  days  test;  first  dc3^  milk, 
827-16  lbs. ;  butter,  1.46  lbs. ;  second  day,  milk,  289-16  lbs. ;  butter,  27 
lbs. ;  total  milk  for  two  days,  61  lbs. ;  total  amount  of  butter  in  two 
days,  2.78.  Cora  B.  (Vol.  XXV,  page  650),  first  day,  milk,  83  lbs. 
1  oz. ;  butter,  1.17  lbs. ;  second  day,  milk,  26  7-16  lbs. ;  butter,  99  lbs. ; 
total  milk  for  two  days,  593^  lbs. ;  total  butter,  2.16. 

California  State  Fair  in  1891,  Cherry  i.eaf  (Vol.  XXVIT,  page 
863),  in  the  two-day  test,  gave  2.114  lbs.  Mountain  Maid  (Vol. 
XXX,  page  801)  u:.  -r.ama  test  gave  1.13  lbs.  butter. 

Indiana  State  Fair  iu  1891,  Addie  (Vol.  XXXVI,  page  839) ,  in  the 
two-day  test,  gava  1.375  lbs.  butter. 

Kansas  Sta^o  Fair  in  1891,  Genevieve  (Vol.  XXXVI,  page  860), 
in  the  two-day  test,  made  2.838  lbs.  butter.  Betsy  4th  (Vol.  XXX, 
page  501),  same  test,  made  2.822  lbs. 

Kentucky  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Association  in  1891, 
Bridesmaid  (Vol.  XXV,  page  1293),  in  the  two-day  test,  2.656  lbs.' 
of  butter  were  made.  Carnation  43d  (Vol.  XXXVI,  page  1839) ,  in 
the  two-day  test,  2,343  lbs. 

Michigan  State  Fair  in  1891,  Moss  Rose  4th  (Vol.  XXXV,  page 
579),  in  the  two-day  *^o.st,  madr;  :-<.2S  lbs. 

Missouri  Sta.o  F  u  in  1891,  Ada  of  Idlewxid  (Vol.  XXXIV, 
page  615) ,  in  the  Cw    uay  test,  made  1.74  lbs. 

New  York  Stau  Fair  in  1891,  Fillpail  3d  (Vol.  XXXIV,  page. 


S26 


11        A   HISTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


ffn^f 


1.,  1 


i ; 


938),  in  the  two-day  test,  made  3.29  lbs.  Isa  (Vol.  XXXIV,  page 
780),  in  the  two-day  test,  gave  3.05  lbs. 

Nebraska  State  Fair  in  1891,  Lady  Jane  Constance  (Vol.  XXXI, 
page  747),  in  the  two-day  test,  made  2.06  lbs.  Maggie  Gunter 
(Vol.  XXXII,  page  508),  made  2.04  lbs. 

Ohio  State  Fair  in  1891,  Bracelet  11th  (Vol.  XXVII,  page  585), 
in  two  days  gave  8.21  lbs.  butter. 

Western  Pennsylvania  Agricultural  Association  in  1891,  Ver- 
vain (Vol.  XXXrV,  page  835),  in  the  two-day  test,  made  4.3  lbs. 
Dolly  3d  (Vol.  XXXIV,  page  018),  in  the  two-day  test,  gave 
3.857  lbs. 

At  the  Western  Fair  at  Ontario  in  1891,  Matilda  H.  (Vol. 
XXXVII),  in  the  two-day  test,  made  2.131  lbs. 

Wisconsin  State  Fnij-  in  1891,  Lady  Campbell  (Vol.  XXV,  page 
841),  in  tiie  two-day  test,  gave  2.4. 

The  Columbian  records.—In  connection  with 
the  live-stock  exhibit  at  the  World's  Columbian 
Exposition  in  Chicago  in  1893  the  most  elabor- 
ate official  test  of  the  relative  capacities  of 
dairy  cows  of  which  there  is  record  was  held, 
it  goes  without  saying  that  show-yard  sur- 
roundings are  not  conducive  to  the  best  results 
in  performances  of  this  kind.  The  most  that 
can  be  said  for  such  contests  is  that  they  are 
as  fair  for  one  breed  as  another.  The  Colum- 
bian test  covered  milk  and  butter  production 
as  well  as  cheese-making,  and  extended  over 
the  period  from  May  11  to  Oct.  4,  the  cows 
being  subject  to  close  confinement  in  tem- 
porary accommodations  and  endured  the  mid- 
summer heat.  The  American  Jersey  Cattle 
Club  appropriated  the  sum  of  $40,000  for  the 
purpose  of  making  the  strongest  possible  pre- 
sentation of  the  claims  of  that  famous  Channel 


A   DUAL-PURPOSE   BREED. 


827 


Island  butter  breed.     Hundreds  of  carefully- 
conducted  tests  of  cows  of  that  type  had  been 
previously  reported,  so  that  it  was  compara- 
tively easy  to  select  cows  of  known  capacity 
to  represent  that  popular  breed  upon  this  occa- 
sion.    The  American  Guernsey   Cattle    Club 
also  made  provision  for  a  choice  collection  of 
tested  cows.     The  Holstein-Fi-iesian  breeders 
expressed  dissatisfaction  with  some  of  the  pro- 
visions under  which  the  tests  were  to  be  con- 
ducted and  declined  to  enter.    The  American 
Short-horn  Breeders'   Association,   with  com- 
mendable enterprise,  resolved  to  take  advan- 
tage of  the  occasion  to  prove  that  the  "red, 
white  and  roans  "  would  milk  as  well  as  make 
beef,  and    the  task  of  locating  and   collect- 
ing cows   for  that   purpose  was  entrusted  to 
Hon.    H.   H.    Hinds   of    Stanton,    Mich.      In 
spite  of  the  fact  that  insufficient  data  was  at 
hand  for  the  prompt  prosecution  of  the  work, 
Mr.  Hinds  succeeded  in  obtaining  the  requisite 
twenty-five  head,  and  it  was  largely  due  to  his 
efficient  and  unremitting  efforts  that  such  a 
satisfactory  showing  was  made  for  the  Short- 
horns in  the  face  of  the  strongest  opposition 
from    the    special    dairy    breeds     mentioned. 
Bearing  in  mind  the  fact  that  the  Short-horns 
have  been  bred  for  beef  to  a  far  greater  extent 
than  in  the  direction  of  dairy  performance,  the 
comparisons  shown  by  the  subjoined  summary 


828 


A   HISTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


furnish  conclusive  demonstration  of  the  fact 
that  the  breed  possesses  latent  capabilities  as 
dairy  stock,  requiring  only  proper  attention  to 
render  it  an  important  factor  in  the  calcula- 
tions of  general  farmers  and  dairymen : 

In  test  number  one,  for  cheese-making,  extending  from  May  11 
to  May  25,  the  Jersey  herd  stood  first,  the  Guernseys  second  and 
the  Short-horns  third ;  the  award  being  based  on  net  cost  of  pro- 
duction. Nevertheless,  the  Short-horns  yielded  13,186.9  lbs.  of 
millr,  from  which  was  made  1,077.6  lbs.  cheese.  The  best  individ- 
ual record  made  by  any  cow  in  this  test  was  70.92  lbs.  of  cheese  by 
the  Jersey  cow  Ida  Marigold,  produced  at  a  net  profit  of  16.97. 
The  Short-horn  cow  Nora  made  during  the  same  period  60.56  lbs. 
at  a  net  profit  of  16.27.  The  best  Guernsey  made  50.05  at  a  net 
profit  of  $5.27. 

Test  number  two,  extending  ninety  days,  from  May  1  to  Aug. 
28,  was  for  butter-making,  loss  or  gain  of  weight  and  cost  of  main- 
tenance to  bo  considered.  It  was  not  to  be  expected  that  the 
Short-horn  herd  would  be  able  to  surpass  the  performance  of  the 
highly-specialized  butter  breeds  in  such  a  contest,  but  the  result 
demonstrated  for  all  time  the  dual-purpose  character  of  Short- 
horn cattle.  The  Jersey  herd  of  twenty-five  cows  produced  73,- 
478.8  lbs.  of  milk;  the  Short-horn  herd,  weakened  by  the  loss  of 
two  cows,  produced  66,263.2  lbs.  of  milk,  and  the  twenty-five 
Guernseys  yielded  61,781.7  lbs.  of  milk.  The  Jerseys  were  cred- 
ited with  4,573.95  lbs.  of  butter,  the  Guernsey^!  with  3,360.43  and 
the  twenty-three  Short-horns  with  3,890.86  lbs.  of  butter.  Dur- 
ing this  same  period  the  Short-horn  cows  put  on  2,826  lbs.  of  flesh, 
the  Jerseys  776  lbs.  and  the  Guernseys  466  lbs.  The  total  value  of 
product  produced  was  computed  to  be  for  the  Jerseys  11,876.67,  for 
the  Guernseys  $1,465.46,  and  for  the  Short-horns  $1,286.78;  the  net 
profit  credited  to  the  Jerseys  being  $1,333  81,  to  the  Guernseys 
$997.63  and  to  the  Short-horns  $911.13. 

In  this  test  the  Short-horn  cow  Nora  produced  3,679.8  lbs.  of 
milk,  from  which  was  made  160.57  lbs.  butter,  and  while  doing 
this  she  gained  115  lbs.  in  weight.  The  best  individual  Jersey  per- 
formance was  by  Brown  Bessie,  that  produced  3,634  lbs.  of  milk, 
from  which  was  made  216.66  lbs.  butter  and  recording  a  gain  in 
live  weight  of  eighty-one  pounds.  The  best  Guernsey,  Materna, 
produced  3,511.8  lbs.  of  milk,  from  which  was  made  185.16  lbs.  but- 
ter, the  cow  losing  tbirteea  pounds  live  weight. 


v  v.  ■ 


KITTY   CLAY   4th. 

Produced  t,5q2.8  lbs.  milk,  from  which  was  made  62.24  !>'!<•  butter,  and  gained 
s8  //',«.  i/i  weight  during  Columbian  thirty-dav  butter  test. 


YOUNG  MARY  STEER  SCHOOLER. 

First-Prize  Three-1'ear-Old  at  American  Fat  Stock  Show,  i88s. 


A    DUAL-PURPOSE    IHIEED. 


829 


Test  number  three  wa.--  for  butter  prouuction  only  and  ex- 
tended thirty  days,  from  Aug.  29  to  Sept.  27.  In  this  contest  the  Jer- 
sey herd  was  credited  w^"  H37.2!  .bn  butter  from  18,1»21.9  lbs.  milk, 
at  a  net  profit  of  $274  :'  „-  <   uernseys  produced  724.17  lbs.  but- 

ter from  13,518.4  lbs.  muH  at  a  net  profit  of  »237,  and  the  Short- 
horuH  produced  m2.m  lbs,  butter  from  15,(118.3  lbs.  milk,  at  a  net 
profit  of  |119.i;i.  In  thia  test  the  best  Jersey  cow,  Brown  Bessie, 
produced  1  (i  lbs.  milk  from  which  was  made  72.!}2  lbs.  butter' 
and  Kiiined  -  ven  pounds  live  weipht,  showing  a  net  profit  of 
$24.69.  The  best  Guernsey  cow,  Purity,  produced  1,012.2  lbs.  milk 
from  which  was  madn  54.8  lbs,  butter,  and  pained  fourteen  pounds 
livo  weight,  showing  a  net  profit  of  «19.37.  The  best  Short-horn 
cow,  Kittio  Clay  4th,  produced  1,592.8  ll)s.  milk,  from  which  was 
made  62.24  lbs.  butter,  and  <  ined  twenty-eight  pounds  in  weight 
showing  a  net  profit  of  f  ISi..,, .  ' 

•Ono  of  the  cows  died  early  In  the  test,  bo  that  i  .  iwonty-four  head 
wore  really  available.  The  list  (arraused  In  iho  orn.T  In  which  thoy 
ranked  at  the  concluHlon  of  the  ninety-day  butti  .  test)  was  as  follows  ■ 

Nora  (Vol.  it!»),  bred  by  D.  Shc.han  &  Sons.  Iowa. 

Genevieve  (Vol.  3li,  p.  S(K)).  bred  by  W.  W.  Walt  mire,  Kansas. 

Waterloo  Daisy  (Dominion  Herd  Book),  ured  by  D.  Reed,  Ontario. 

Betsy  7th  (Vol.  ;ii,  p.  Uij).  bred  by  S.  Spencer  &  Son,  New  York. 

Bashful  2d  (Vol.  35.  p.  380),  bred  by  William  Duthie.  Scotland." 

Plumwood  Uell  2d  (Vol.  32,  p.  Wl),  bred  by  C.  Hintz,  Oliio. 

Fair  Maid  of  Hullett  2d  (Vol.  39),  bred  by  William  Grain(?er  Ontario 

Emma  Abbott  3d  (Vol.  .S'J),  bred  by  I.  U.  Wetmorc,  Illinois.  ' 

Belle  Prince  2d  (Vol. ;«),  p.  W2),  bred  by  C.  M.  Clark,  Wisconsin. 

Rosa  (Vol.  3C),  p.  T14).  bred  by  J.  W.  Stewart.  Pennsylvania. 

Azalia  (Vol.  37,  p.  7il),  bred  by  A.  Morse,  New  York. 

Lady  Brlprlit  (Dominion  Herd  Book),  bred  by  J.  G.  Wright,  Ontario 

Kitty  Clay  7th  (Vol.  ;;3,  p.  071).  'Ted  by  Joseph  Garfield,  New  York. 

Marchioness  (Jth  (Dominion  Herd  Book),  bred  by  Ballantlne  &  Son 
Ontario.  ' 

Lucy  Ann  ( \ol.  36,  p.  925),  bred  by  H.  H.  Jones,  New  York. 

Maude's  Antarctic  (Vol.  30,  p.  TU3),  bred  by  W.  W.  Brim,  Ohio. 

Maid  of  Oxford  3d  (Vol.  33,  p.  790).  bred  by  A.  Morse. 

Iza  (Vol.  31,  p.  780),  bred  by  A.  Morse. 

P.incy  11th  (Vol.  39),  bred  by  J.  C.  Thornton  &  Son,  Pennsylvania. 

Royal  Duchess  (Dominion  Herd  Book),  bred  by  D.  Marlatt,  Ontario. 

Orange  Girl  (Vol.  37,  p.  713),  bred  by  E.  B.  Merriwether  &  Son,  Illinois. 

Bui  ..>rfly  3d,  (Vol.  30,  p.  497),  bred  by  Hon.  Emory  Cobb,  Illinois. 

Maid  of  Oxford  2d  (Vol.  31,  p.  812),  bred  by  A.  Morse. 

Pillpall9th  (Vol.  37,  p.  872).  bred  by  S.  Spencer  &  Son. 

T.n  the  thirty-day  butter  test  the  privilege  of  bringing  in  other  cows 
was  granted,  and  Kitty  Clays  3d  and  4th,  from  the  herd  of  Mr.  J.  K.  Innes 
Granville  Center,  Pa.,  materially  strengthened  the  Short-horn  forces 
Prom  the  Spencer  herd  came  Kitty  Clay  5th,  so  that  this  family  had  more 
representatives  in  the  test  than  any  other. 


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Photographic 

Sciences 

Corporation 


23  WEST  MAIN  STREET 

WEBSTER,  N.Y.  14580 

(716)  872-4503 


830 


A    IILSTORi    OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


l     . 


I 


Test  number  four  was  for  heifers  under  three  years  old  for 
butter  making,  loss  and  gain  of  weight  and  cost  of  maintenance 
considered,  extending  from  Sept.  28  to  Oct.  4.  In  this  the  Guern- 
seys did  not  compete.  The  seven  Jersey  heifers  gave  3,356.6  lbs. 
milk,  producing  194.23  lbs.  butter  at  a  net  profit  of  156.27,  gaining 
150  lbs.  live  weight.  The  six  Short-horn  heifers  gave  2,581  lbs. 
milk;  producing  122.36  lbs.  butter,  at  a  net  profit  of  $47.42;  gainl 
ing  384  lbs.  live  weight.  In  this  test  the  best  Jersey  heifer  made 
37.48  lbs.  butter  and  gained  19  lbs.  in  weight,  showing  a  net  profit 
of  $11.22.  The  Short-horn  heifer,  Miss  Renick  24th,  produced 
26.85  lbs.  butter,  gained  in  live  weight  78  lbs.  (nearly  4  lbs  per 
day),  at  a  net  profit  of  $10.97. 

In  tests  where  gain  in  live  weight  was  credited  the  price  pe- 
pound  was  made  uniform  in  each  case,  although  it  need  scarcely 
be  pointed  out  that  the  Short-horn  beef  represented  by  this  gain 
would  havo  commanded  more  per  pound  in  the  market  than  that  of 
their  competitors.  It  is  of  interest  to  note  that  in  tests  numbers 
two,  three  and  four  the  threa  best  Short-horn  cows,  Nora,  Kittie 
Clay  4th  and  Miss  Renick  24th,  produced  5,861  lbs.  of  milk,  against 
5,330  lbs.  of  milk  from  the  best  three  Jerseys  in  same  tests. 

The  Wisconsin  experiment.— The  Wiscon- 
sin Agricultural  Experiment  Station  has  un- 
dertaken a  study  of  the  relative  capacity  of 
cows  representing  the  special  dairy  type  and 
those  of  the  dual-purpose  character.  The  Hon. 
W.  D.  Hoard,  H.  C.  Taylor  and  C.  P.  Goodrich, 
than  whom  there  are  probably  no  better  judges 
of  special  dairy  stock,  each  selected  a  grade 
Jersey  for  this  test.  Six  grade  Short-horns,  a 
like  number  of  grade  Guernseys  and  three  more 
grade  Jerseys  were  bought  by  Prof.  W.  L.  Car- 
lyle,  whose  object  in  making  the  test  is  set 
forth  in  the  following  language: 

It  has  been  generally  admitted  by  those  with  experience  on 
the  subject  that  under  present  conditions  it  will  never  be  profit- 
able for  the  farmers  of  Wisconsin  to  engage  to  any  great  extent  in 
rearing  a  class  of  "beefing"  cattle,  the  cows  of  which  give  only 


lli't 


1 


A   DUAL-PURPOSE    BREED. 


831 


rc  Ttoii:^\^'ir'''-  rj'^  ^^^^^  ^^^^^  -^^^^  ^^ 

of  our  farmers  embaS  *^t  T^'*'':'''  *""  "'^^'i"^!  '°  Permit 
extent.     On  the  other  hand  Z         "^.'''  '"'^'^^  *°  ^^^  ^'-^' 
Parentl,  not  de'si^^s^'rife;*^:,^^^^^^^^ 
dairy  cattle.     Thev  wouW  lill  tf  i         so-ca.ied  special-purpose 

could  S  Obtained  [hrtto^M^,::  aSLnr  ,a  ""^^'  ^'.  ^"^^ 
milk  and  butter-f-^t  fr>  ^»*  ^'^V.^"™ciently  large  quantity  of 
given  thl  a?//;  h;»l°^„:  'f  ,  ■"•»«  »»  "■<=  'eed  and  Le 
well  for  beef.  °  Proiuoe  steers  that  would  feed 

The  first  year's  work  with  this  set  of  cows 

closed  with  the  grade  Short-horn  Eose  estab- 

ished  as  the  greatest  producer  in  the  herd- 

altho'ulT  '''Tr'^f  profit  over  cost  of  feed,' 
althougn  milked  only  326  days  out  of  the  365 
curing  that  time  she  produced  10,163  lbs  of 
■rnlk,  containi,  -  433.82  lbs.  of  butter-fat  the 

Z^rf:^i'  ""'■  "'  '^"**«'--  The  aver  ge 
amount  of  fat  in  her  milk  for  the  year  was  4  2 

per  cent.    The  total  feed  consumed  during  the 

en  ire  year  cost  $35.06.    The  total  value  of  the 

butter  and   skim-milk  produced  was  $114  92 

leaving  a  profit  over  cost  of  feed  of  $79.86   Her 

butter,  produced  at  a  cost  of  6.9  cents    wa 

made  more  economically  than  that  from  Tny 

special-purpose  cow  in  the  herd.     The  second 

best  result  was  obtained  from  one  of  the  Guein 

sey  grades,  showing  a  profit  of  868.04,  but  the 

third  best  record  in  the  herd  was  made  by  the 

f  f;„  n'°^''r./°"  °"'='''^«^'  «^^*  produced 
M9.8d  lbs.  of  butter  at  a  net  profit  of  $67  07 

Speaking  of  this  first  year's  experiment  Prof 
Carlylesays:  "  rwi. 


!  * 


832 


A    HISTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


:..   jl 


i      I 


If, 


ill 


It  must  be  admitted  that  the  results  of  this  year's  worlr  were  a 
jreat  surprise,  for  while  it  was  thought  that  the  large  aud  strong 
&nort-horn  grades  representing  the  dual-purpose  type,  would  re- 
turn a  fair  profit  on  the  feed  consumed,  it  was  not  even  surmised 
Chat  they  would  equal  their  much  more  finely  organized  and 
smaller  sisters-the  Jersey  and  Guernsey  grades-in  cheapness 
Of  butter  production.  This  yearly  record  is  given  as  a  preliminary 
work,  and  is  not  to  be  considered  as  at  all  conclusive  and  yet 
when  five  such  Short-horn  grade  cows  as  am.  here  reported  can 
be  picked  up  in  a  single  day,  as  was  the  case  with  these,  it  would 
seem  as  if  that  class  of  cows  must  have  a  great  deal  of  dairy  value. 

This  Wisconsin  test,  which  is  developing 
many  surprises  for  those  who  have  so  strenu- 
ously denied  the  existence  of  a  profitable  dual- 
purpose  cow  is  still  in  progress,  and  we  have  it 
on  the  best  authority  that  the  data  which  will 
l)e  forthcoming  in  the  report  of  the  second 
year's  experiment  will  be  even  more  interest- 
ing to  the  breeders  of  Short-horns  than  that 
from  whicli  we  have  quoted  above. 

Official  records  in  Iowa.— The  proofs  being 
supplied  at  the  Wisconsin  Station  are  well  sup*^ 
plemented  by  late  figures  from  the  Iowa  Agri- 
cultural Experiment  Station  at  Ames,  where 
special  attention  is  also  being  given  to  the  sub- 
ject of  the  dairy  capacity  of  Short-horn  cows. 
Director  C.  F.  Ourtiss  has  furnished  us  with 
photographs  of  the  two  cows  College  Moore  and 
College  Belle  2d  (illustrated  in  this  volume), 
both  descending  in  the  maternal  line  from  imp. 
Young  Mary.  College  Belle  2d  has  produced 
7,554  lbs.  of  milk  in  ten  months,  with  an  aver- 
age of  4.3  per  cent  fat,  from  which  was  pro- 


\ih 


10 


COLLEGE    V.OORE. 

ProdurcJ  4,x)  lbs.  h,t/,r  h,  ,j  months. 


COLLEGE   BELLE  2d. 

Produced  3SS.I  lbs.  butter  in  ,2  months. 


DuAL-PuRPOSE   Cows  AT   loWA   Ac. 


RicuLTURAL  College. 


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A   DUAL-PURPOSE    BREED. 


833 


cluced  355.1  lbs.  butter;  the  net  profit  (not  in- 
cluding her  calf)  being  $41.42.  The  roan  Col- 
lege Moore  has  produced  8,734.5  lbs.  milk  in 
twelve  months,  showing  an  average  test  of  4.02 
per  cent  fat,  with  a  butter  production  of  109 
lbs.,  yielding  a  net  profit,  not  including  calf,  of 
$37.57.  These  and  other  of  the  Iowa  College 
cows  are  producing  and  rearing  some  very  fine 
calves  sired  by  the  Scotch  bull  Courtier  125603, 
bred  by  C.  C.  Norton,  Corning,  la.,  and  sired  by 
Prince  Bishop  67273  out  of  Sweet  Charity  4th 
by  imp.  Salamis  110075.  Prof.  Curtiss  of  this 
station,  who  ranks  as  one  of  the  best  all-around 
judges  of  live  stock  in  the  West  at  the  present 
time,  personally  selected  in  Scotland  during  the 
summer  of  1899,  at  Mr.  Duthie's,  the  valuable 
young  bull  Scotland's  Crown,  recently  added  to 
the  college  herd.  He  states  that  some  of  the 
younger  cows  in  the  herd  bid  fair  to  excel  the 
performances  of  the  two  above  mentioned. 

Figures  from  New  York.  -The  thirteenth 
annual  report  of  the  New  York  Agricultural 
Experiment  Station  for  the  year  1894  contains 
an  interesting  account  of  similar  experiments 
at  Geneva.  Seven  different  breeds  were  repre- 
sented, and  although  there  was  but  one  Short- 
horn cow  in  the  herd  (Spencer's  Betsy  10th), 
yet  when  pitted  against  special  dairy  breeds 
she  gave  a  good  account  of  herself,  as  appears 
from  the  subjoined  summary: 


ibi 


834 


I  i « 


f  i 


A    HISTORY   OF   SHORT-IIORN    CATTLE. 


r«  Jh  S»»ort-horn  stood  at  the  head  of  the  list  iu  the  matter  of 
relative  cost  of  milk  solids  obtained,  and  stood  second  in  the  com- 
putation showing  relative  actual  prollt  from  milk.  She  was  tbird 
m  relative  amount  of  milk  produced 

nf  ^im^'in ""''  PI"^"""^'^  **^«  Short-horn  ranked  third  with  a  total 
•        *JJ^    lu"'  '^«highestyield  being  325.0  from  the  Guernseys.* 
1  he  Short-horn  cow  was  fourth  in  rank  in  the  matter  of  the 
amount  of  butter  obtained  from  each  100  lbs.  of  milk ;  the  figure  in 
her  case  standing  at  5.04  as  against  6.4  from  the  Jerseys 

From  the  Short-horn's  milk  an  average  of  1  lb.  of  butter 
was  made  from  each  19.84  lbs.,  as  against  24.7  required  in  the  case 
^!  ^yf  h"'e«  and  20.6  lbs.  in  the  case  of  the  Holstein-Friesians. 
The  Short-horn  was  third  in  the  matter  of  the  average  cost  of 
milk  fat  per  pound  produced ;  this  expense  being  in  the  case  of  the 
Jerseys  16.12  cents.  Guernseys  16.14  cents.  Short-horn  16.18  cents; 
the  other  breeds  ranging  from  19.00  to  20.47  cents. 

The  average  cost  per  pound  of  the  Short-horn  butter  was  15  15 
as  against  14.11  for  the  Jerseys  and  14.15  for  the  Guernseys;  the 
Short-horn  ranking  third. 

Id  the  matter  of  the  average  profit  derived  per  cow  from  selling 
butter  the  Short-horn  was  again  third,  with  a  credit  of  $30.06  for 
one  period  of  lactation ;  figures  for  other  breeds  ranging  from 
$14.58  to  135.25. 

In  the  amount  of  cream  produced  the  Short-horn  was  third, 
with  1,345  It^  from  one  period  of  lactation;  the  range  of  all  the 
breeds  being  from  916.5  for  the  lowest  to  1,427.5  for  the  highest.  In 
the  item  of  average  cost  of  cream  per  quart  the  Short-hom  stood 
next  to  the  Jerseys  and  Guernseys;  also  ranking  third  in  the 
average  money  value  of  cream  produced. 

In  cheese  production  the  Short-horn  ranked  first  in  the  item  of 
profit,  showing  the  lowest  relative  cost  of  production  per  pound. 

It  was  claimed  that  the  Short-horn  was  pro- 
ducing a  calf  each  year  worth  $5  more  than 
that  from  any  other  cow  in  the  test. 

The  milking  Short-horn  is  in  evidence  in 

*In  his  valuable  work,  "American  Dairylngr."  published  by  the  Sanders 
Publishing  Company,  Mr.  H.  B.  Gurler,  DeKalb.  111.,  gives  tlie  average 
annual  butter  production  of  tlie  1«,600.U00  cows  in  the  United  States  at  130 
lbs.  Dairy  cows  to  sliovv  profit  must  produce  upwai-d  of  ;00  lbs.  better 
per  year.  Upon  tliis  basis  it  wUl  bo  observed  that  this  New  York,  as  well 
as  other  official  tests,  prove  thb  Short-horn's  ripht  to  bo  classed  among 
those  that  can  bo  profitably  handled  for  dairy  purposes. 


ii:l 


A  dual-purposp:  breed. 


835 


nearly  every  Nortliern   State.     Hundreds  of 

tion  ot  that  statement;  but  the  foUowinL^  will 
serve  as  air  illustrations  of  the  results  being 
obtained  by  practical  farmers  and  dairymen- 

from  any  other  ouo  801^0  furalahL.ff'r^''"  ^''"'''  *'""'  "»'»»  «'""" 
COW8  Which  8ho  has  owned  «i«  following  record  of  Short-horn 

in  teXTtL^lS/i,^rnn^^^  S  ^^^'^^-^-'^^^  ««>  ^^b.  o.  mil. 
^avo  GO  IbB.  of  milk  pe  day  Kluio  rit  2d"i  "',  ""''T'  '''''  '*'""'  ^"^P'"'". 
day    Cherry  llth  produced  01  fbs  onlu^^'i^d^^^        ««  ^^«-  ^^  '""^^  »"  one 

^^i^s:'.Sfz:s  't  sir;  ^'^'r  ^— ^00..  from 

mill..  Which  produced  13.32  lb  .butter  Betae^Jtha^ofV:'^  '""i'"  '  °"  °' 
butter  In  seven  days.  Betsey  8th  (Vol.  37)  mado  14.72  lbs, 

Fillpall  loth,  With  her  fli-«t  onif  „.,„„  i 

from  Which  was  made  ^  bs  ^^tor'^  Mrfsn '"^  ^'%«  "^^  °^  -"'^• 
seven  years  she  has  not  had  •!  n  .t,,,  h  *^'"-SPcncer  states  that  for 
39J^  lbs.  milk  Porday.Tnd  tho'S  offr""  ^"'>  <*  «™aUer  record  than 
butter-fat  by  the  Babcock  test     T  .n  .n^  n  ?"  ^""''^  ''^''^'''*^«^  *  ^^^  ^^^^^ 

Of  cheese  In  the  CoUrbln  dairy  rc'e^Sl^^^  ''''"  '"■"  ""^'^  "  '^''"'^^ 
breed.  *^     '"^  cheaper  than  any  other  cow  of  any 

Piles  the  following' :  Columbian  teat  cow  Kittle  Clay  4th,  sup- 

Luvia  Clay,  a  daughter  of  Kittl(>  ri'iu  qn    ™„ 
April  0,  1890,  7,27S.8  lbs.  milk,  whlcl    in^i"^f  .m '.r?  ^'""^  ^''^  ^'''  ^^^'  '° 
hor  first  calf.    The  next  season  she  ^ll^  i^  ^^''' ''""'^''     This  was  with 
Which  made  13.85  lbs.  buttJit  ^  ""  '"''^"  '^'^^^  '^  ^l^^"  of  milk, 

Mamie  Clay,  dausrhter  of  Kittii»  pin,,  j.i, 
1898,  1..75  lbs.  milk.  tlJtLLTana~''r7:  ''°'"  '"°*^ '  '"^  "^""^  ''^ 
havln.  been  In  milk  something  ov^n'ou;  months  '"  ""'  '""'"^'^^'  '^"«'- 

testedTn^.v:?af:;f  fr^;^;re"r!L"  ^'^^  ^^^^  ^""^  «- 

27, 1898.  buttei-fat,  having  been  in  milk  since  Feb 

was  in  her  three-year-old  form.  butter-fat.    This 

Marsrarctta  Clay,  g-raiiddaughter  of  Kittle  ri-iv  -w 
746  lbs.  milk  that  tested  an  average  of  4  2  per  cent    ^J''"''^  *°  "^'"^  ''^y^ 
calf,  and  she  had  been  in  milk  more  than  en  mnn.,         7"'  '^*"'  ''^^  ^''^^ 
weeks  after  the  test  was  made.  ''*^^'  ^''^^^^'^^  '^l''  ^"  eight 

Betsy  8th  gave  durin?  tho  munth  of  June  isi'j    i  i-n  i„a      n, 


III 


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it 


O' 


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i    1 


83G 


A   HISTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN  OATTLE. 


produced  In  fourfo.m  days  420.8 lbs.  milk,  tosi.n,.  8.«  percent  butter-fat 
This  In  lior  two-yoar-old  form  witli  first  calf 

Superintendent  May  of  GK-nHldo  sayn  .■    "  Those  tests  wore  made  with- 

Z^he'SoE^w""'""  '^""^  ••'"^^'^•"'^  '"«  -ua.?a?e"tndfl 
oow?n  /^  entire  herd.  We  are  now  welshing  the  product  and  t(,.8tlntr  every 
cow  In  he  herd  for  an  entire  year,  so  that  wo  shall  soon  have  some  twelve 
months'  records  to  present."  'weive 


«aJf  Shor^r^  °'  Kl„^8bury  Co..  S.  D..  reports  th.vt  In  1898  his  sixteen 
grade  Short-horn  cows  averaged  8.000  lb«.  of  milk,  from  which  was  made 

duoT^^tr'  *"„?''■  '  °'''  °'  ^""°'-'     ^°""'""^  -'^-^  -oia  and  pork  p  o! 

number  of  cows  produced  101.47T  lbs.  mlik.  which  yielded  6.07T  lbs.  of  but- 

fl/,;r.T?r  °'  "•'''  '^"-  ''^  '""•^  '""»  3'^  1^»-  '^  o^-  Of  butter  per  cow.     He 
Hgures  that  these  cows  made  him  durlnp  tlio  twelve  months  170.47  net. 


C.  M.  Clark  of  Walworth  Co.,  Wis.,  reports  that  durlnf?  the  month  of 
December.  1898.  his  thirteen  Short-horn  cows  and  eight  two  and  three-year- 

f«r  ifr^T'*?,"*"'  "'"'  '''"•  °'  '""'^=  '"■■''^*"^  ••^"  ^^^^'^^^  01  m  lbs.  but- 
S^  f  f  """""'•  '^''*''^'  ^'''' "  ^^"*«'"  production.  Indicates  prof- 

itable dairy  capacity.    The  best  of  the  bull  calves  raised  by  such  cows  are 

H  t  T  J"'*"*'''  ^°''  breeding  purposes.  The  poorer  ones  are  steered 
and  Mr.  Clark  reports  that  his  last  lot  of  bullocks  averaged  1,200  lbs  at 
about  twenty-four  months  old.  and  are  worth  six  cents  ner  pound.  Mr 
Clark  8  cattle  descend  mainly  from  the  Bates  tribes,  although  he  has  re-' 
cently  been  using  a  Scotch-topped  Rose  of  Sharon  bull. 

Polled  Durhams.— The  recent  establishment 
in  the  West  of  the  type  of  cattle  known  as 
"Polled  Durhams"  is  a  matter  of  interest  to  all 
breeders  of  Short-horns.  There  are  two  varie- 
ties of  Polled  Durhams— one  of  pure  Short-horn 
descent  and  the  other  tracing  to  the  native 
"muley"  cows  of  the  country  crossed  origi- 
nally with  registered  Short-horn  bulls.  The 
pure-bred  Short-horns  that  have  had  the  polled 
characteristic  sufficiently  established  to  admit 
them  to  the  Polled  Durham  Herd  Book  are 
classed  as  "double-standard"  cattle,  being  eli- 
gible to  both  the  Short-horn  and  Polled  Dur- 
ham registries.    A  large  proportion  of  these 


A    nrAL-ITKPOSK    BREED. 


837 


descend    from    the    Ovvynne    cow    Oakwood 
Gwynne  4th,  the  Youus  Phyllis  cow  MaivTnn 

o  Svs  "  an?  h*^^r"!  '^*''  ^'^  '«<'■''«  horns 
HiUhurst'siSl  7  "  bred  to  the  7th  Duke  of 
HiUhurst  34221  dropped  a  pair  of  hornless  roan 
heifer  calves,  known  as  Nellie  Gwynne  and 
Molhe  Owynne.  (See  Vol.  XXXItl  palTos 
Bred    to    Bright    Eyes    Duke   Sth'sTI^  ^'he 

S74Tp'"^'^.''"™'«^^  '-^^  bull   King  of  Kne 
87412.    The  twin  heifers  were  bred  by  c  McC 
Reeve  and  the  horuless  bull  by  W  W  MrNn^. 
both  of  Mi„„,,p„,i,^  j,i„„     M^^S  Se; 
ot  Ohio,  who  had  been  endeavoring  to  develo, 
a  type  of  polled  cattle  showing  ShorWior 
characteristics,   bought   these   Q%ynnel  Z 

The  bull  Young  Hamilton  above  mentioned 

XiTn  th^ '""''°r'p "'''' '''  •-"*  "™ 

Co  umh  ■!   P      8'?»'"-='>-P»rpose"  class  at  the 
Columbian   Exposition,  possessed  great  scalP 
and  his  blood  has  been  freely  used 
Some  of  the  leading  Polled  Durham  breeder, 

Scotch  Short-horn  bulls.  As  a  rule  stoc  of 
this  ype  possesses  good  size,  and  the  cows 
are  olten  heavy  milkers.  They  represent  tL 
dual-purpose  idea,  and  the  absenceTf  ho  n  i 
counted  a  distinct  advantage.  That  the  breed 
owes  Its  merit  wholly  to  the  Short-horn  Is 


if 


i 


iJHilftl 


h 


838   A  HISTORY  OF  SHORT-HORN  CATTLE. 

freely  ad  in  ittod,  iukI  its  success  simply  consti- 
tutes anotlier  tribute  to  the  efficacy  of  that 
blood.  The  Polled  Durham  breeders  have 
maiuiained  a  National  organization  since  LSSi). 
Under  the  presidency  of  l)i\  William  W.  Crane, 
Tippecanoe  City,  0.,  this  has  developed  into  an 
influential  association.  Its  Secretary,  Mr.  J.  II. 
Miller,  Peru,  Ind.,  is  one  of  the  most  enthusi- 
astic supporters  of  Polled  Durham  claims,  and 
has  made  sales  for  export  to  South  America. 


[1 


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1S9. 
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II. 
isl- 
and 


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s  ■=: 


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CHAPTER   XXIV. 


THE  LAMP  OF  EXPERIENCE. 

We  h9,ve  now  traced  the  growth  of  the  breed 
from  an  humble  beginning  in  ancient  North- 
umbria  to  a  place  of  imperial  power  in  the 
cattle  trade  of  the  civilized  world.  For  nearly 
a  century  it  has  existed  as  an  improved  and 
well-established  type.  During  that  time  it  has 
felt  the  impress  of  men  of  undoubted  genius 
and  intellectual  force.  It  has  also  endured  the 
blundering  of  those  who  had  ability  only  as 
destroyers  of  what  others  had  created.  Two 
opposing  forces  are  constantly  at  work.  The 
one  constructive,  the  other  subversive  of  all 
progress;  the  one  animated  by  a  lofty  ambition 
to  accomplish  something  for  the  uplifting  of 
the  breed,  the  other  moved  only  by  sordid  con- 
sideration of  present  profit. 

At  the  outset  every  man  who  enters  the  fra- 
ternity that  boasts  so  many  illustrious  names 
should  ponder  well  the  .eal  meaning  of  the 
word  breeder  and  endeavor  to  equip  himself 
thoroughly  for  the  intelligent  manipulation  of 
the  plastic  material  with  which  he  proposes  to 
work.    Is  he  to  make  an  honest  effort  to  emu- 

(839) 


I      i 


840 


A    HISTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


i 


late  the  example  of  the  master  builders  of  the 
breed,  or  is  he  to  drift  aimlessly  upon  the  tide 
of  some  passing  fashion,  content  to  be  a  mere 
peddler  of  pedigrees?    Is  Short-horn  breeding 
a  business  worthy  of  the  best  efforts  of  intell- 
gent  men,  or  is  it  simply  a  traffic  in  herd-book 
certificates?    Is  there  inspiration  and  a  love 
for  original  creative  work  to  be  found  in  the 
great  achievements  of  the  past,  or  are  there 
only  chains  and  shackles  for  those  who  engage 
in  the  trade  in  this  day  and  generation?    The 
closing  century  is  not  without  its  lessons  bear- 
ing upon  these  and  kindred  considerations,  and 
a  few  plainly  stated  deductions  from  the  ex- 
periences of  those  who  have  gone  before  may 
be  found  helpful  in  examining  the  duties,  re- 
sponsibilities and  privileges  of  those  who  have 
the  future  of  the  Short-horn  in  their  keeping. 
What  constitutes  success?— It  might  ap- 
pear at  first  blush  that  the  auction  block  is  the 
one  crucial  test  of  success,  but  this  is  true  only 
when  averages  for  a  long  series  of  years  are 
considered.    The  operations  of  powerful  vested 
financial  interests  occasionally  rule  the  mar- 
ket without  special  reference  to  intrinsic  values. 
Again  many  a  splendid  animal,  many  a  grand 
herd  has  failed  to  meet  with  adequate  appre- 
ciation because  of  lack  of  enterprise  on  the 
part  of  the  owner,  or  through  the  machinations 
of  those  little  souls  who  are  either  jealous  of  a 


m 


THE   LAMP   OF  EXPERIENCE.  841 

fl°h*lT'^'"^''  r""''-  "'■  ^'^^'^^^^  from  sel- 
n!    T   T  ""  '^""'■y'"*?  ^^^  blood  which  his 
neighbor  has  used.    The  Short-horn  trade  has 
suffered  moalculable  damage  from  indTvidual 
whose  devotion  to  purely  commercial  consiC 
ations  was  greater  than  their  love  for  good 
Short-horns     Frequently  they  knew  little  and 
cared  less  about  the  individual  merit  of  the 
weed     A  man  possesses  certain  blood  which 
he  insists  IS  "bluer"  than  that  flowing  in  the 
veins  of  other  Short-homs,  and  even  whUe 
loudest  m  his  claims  of  superiority  it  often  hap- 
pens that  the  unfortunate  animals  in  such  mer- 
cenary hands  are  descending  to  the  lowest  lev- 
els of  mediocnty  from  sheer  neglect  of  the  first 
pnucples  of  good  breeding  and  management 

Z7^2T\  "^^  ^  ^'^  misguided  individuals 
undertook  to  "run  a  corner"  on  such  repre- 
senta,tives  as  were  then  in  existence  of  certain 
so-called  "pure"  tribes.    They  made  apreten  e 

lea      salt     of  the  Short-horn  earth,  and   a<! 

not  that  the  originator  of  those  very  families 
had  himself  inbred  his  stock  to  the  limit  of 
safety  before  he  died,  and  that  he  would  dbnbt- 
ess  have  been  the  firat  to  protest  against  the 
absurdity  of  the  present  procedure.  Neverthe- 
less people  interested  themselves  in  the  pro- 
ject as  a  speculation.    One  Western  operator 


842 


A   HISTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


1  '1 


It, 
i 
* 


\n 


Jti 


collected  all  of  these  "absolutelys"  he  could 
secure;  the  result  of  the  venture  being  that 
within  two  years  he  was  forced  to  destroy  the 
calves  as  fast  as  the  wretched  degenerates  came 
into  the  world,  and  the  sires  and  dams,  with  con- 
stitutions ruined  beyond  repair,  soon  followed 
their  progeny  to  the  shambles.  It  is  scarcely 
necessary  to  say  that  such  an  undertaking  con- 
sidered as  a  proposition  in  scientific  breeding 
was  fore-doomed  to  failure,  and  yet  in  the  face 
of  this  and  other  examples  of  the  impossibility 
of  maintaining  inbred  strains  indefinitely^  with- 
out admixture  of  other  blood,  men  are  still 
found- willing  for  the  sake  of  possible  financial 
profit  to  repeat,  in  this  respect,  the  follies  of 
the  past.  There  are  cases  on  record  where  ped- 
igree speculators,  who  have  closed  out  their  in- 
terests in  time,  have  gained  some  financial  ad- 
vantage, but  such  men  were  not  breeders  within 
the  real  meaning  of  the  term. 

He  only  has  made  a  genuine  success  of  Short- 
horn breeding  who  maintains  or  improves  upon 
the  character  of  the  animals  received  from 
other  hands. 

In-breeding. — This  is  a  two-edged  sword.  In 
the  hands  of  men  who  were  adepts  in  its  appli- 
cation it  brought  about  some  of  the  great- 
est successes  known  in  Short-horn  history.  By 
concentration  of  the  blood  of  favorite  animals 
the  distinctive  types  that  have  so  largely  domi- 


THE   LAMP   OF   EXPERIENCE. 


843 


natecl  the  trade  have  been  created.  On  the 
other  hand,  over-indulgence  in  the  practice  has 
proved  the  destruction  of  more  than  one  family 
of  great  original  merit.  Dealing  with  raw  ma- 
terials, as  it  were,  the  pioneer  breeders  were 
able  to  reap  the  highest  possible  measure  of 
benefit  from  an  appeal  to  the  Bakewell  prac- 
tice, but  a  century  of  breeding  within  herd- 
book  lines  has  brought  the  Short-liorns  of  the 
present  in  such  close  relationships  that  what 
was  wise  procedure  in  the  early  days  would 
now  be  the  height  of  folly.  What  was  once 
heterogeneous  in  its  composition  has  by  the 
operation  of  the  pedigree  registry  system  been 
rendered  homogeneous. 

The  fact  that  close  breeding  proved  effective 
many  years  ago  in  the  hands  of  a  few  men  of 
rare  capacity  affords  no  justification  whatever 
tor  continued  in-and-in  breeding  by  their  suc- 
cessors.   Efforts  have  been  made  to  enforce  as 
a  test  of  loyalty  to  some  of  these  great  breeders 
ot  other  days,  opposition  to  the  idea  of  resort- 
ing in  any  shape,  form  or  manner  to  fresh 
blood  for  the  rejuvenation  of   cattle  so  de- 
scended.    It  must  be  apparent  to  even  the 
dullest  comprehension  that  this  proposition  is 
not  only  illogical  on  its  face,  but  is  really  the 
most  effective  of  all  methods  of  destroying  the 
good  work  done  ),-  those  who  bequeathed  stock 
that  had  already  oeen  subjected  to  the  severe 


I! 


ii 


r  M 


ii 


844    A  HISTORY  OP  SHORT-HORN  CATTLE. 

test  of  long-continued    blood    concentration. 
The  Bates  cattle  in  particular  suffered  exten- 
sively from  the  operations  of  those  who  re- 
sisted the  idea  of  fresh  crosses.    Messrs.  War- 
field,    Renick,  Alexander,    the   Bedfords    and 
others  obtained  results  outside  of  the  "  straight " 
Bates  line  that  surpassed  the  accomplishments 
of  such  of  their  r'ontemporaries  as  adhered 
strictly  to  the  "line."    An  unwillingness  to 
infuse  other  blood  into  the  old  Killerby  and 
Warlaby  strains    did    not  contribute    to  the 
physical  welfare  of  the  cattle  of  Booth  descent, 
and    at   the    Torr  dispersion   the    outcrossed 
strains  were  gladty  bought  at  hi,,li  prices  to 
revive  the  glories  of  the  earlier  days.* 

Examining  the  record  down  to  the  present 
day  we  find  a  tendency  to  repeat  the  errors  of 
former  years  in  the  case  of  the  families  created 
by  Amos  Cruickshank.  In  view  of  the  fact  that 
this  careful  breeder  freely  conceded  the  desira- 
bility of  an  outcross  on  his  cattle  prior  to  the 
sale  of  his  herd,  the  contention  of  those  who 
are  now  insisting  upon  maintaining  the  "pur- 
ity" of  the  Sittyton  families  finds  no  adequate 
basis  in  reason  or  experience.  James  I.  David- 
son, who  was  for  a  number  of  years  Mr.  Cruick- 
shank's    representative    in    America,    demon- 

w.«  i^in'^f  connection  It  may  be  said  that  the  major  part  of  the  Booth  herd 

by  Mr  Richard  Booth,  son  of  T.  C,  and  Short-horaa  may  still  be  seen  In  the 
fine  old  pastures  at  Warlaby . 


THE   LAMP  OF   EXPERIENCE. 


845 

Crown  Prince  of  A  hl^  "ntroduced  the  blood  of 
added  to  the  v  ta1  tv  t'"?  ^'^  ^'''''-  P"*^^ 
fertility,  of  one  Sch  of  tt"^"..'^.  '""^^^^^-^ 
ders,  by  the  use  of  .  K  n  , ,      .  ^'**'''°n  ^^aven- 

i«>p.  O'ke  olil^S  wfth'^V'"''  "'''"^  °f 
foundation.  At  Linwood  Col  H  ^"""^  ^^''^ 
ing  substantial  progrlssat  the?  ''1'^'''  ""''^- 
breeding  by  th^  «s  oTtlf  GoldTn  n  "^'^  "S 
Princess  Alice  blonri      ^  ".'^"'den  Drop  and 

from  the  operat  ons  „f  M  "^f ""'  '^  *°  ''«  had 
late  Col   T  S   mT  ?    ^'-  "''''»«^  J-  H"!,  the 

Wood  of  other  2oodsL^^™'"^''°«  "^  the 
the  Scotch-br  d^ock  ti  I  "^'''''  .^'*''  '^^^  "^ 
fruitful  of  better  reslTh'^'' '"  *«  ^"*"re 

a  too  rigid  adheiun^e  to  the'?'' r'''"'^^''  ''^ 
able  li  „e.  *"  ^^e  prevailing  fashion- 

tyton  cattle  inSeS.tt'""'^^  "'  '""^  «''' 

in/^  »,„  "*^e  seen  this  triPrt  ,-r,  „  °iy  Judgment, 

steps  to  have  had  the  crosses  La^T  l'  "'  '"""^^^^  *«  his  foo 


840 


)         A    HISTORY   OF   SIIORT-IIORN    CATTLE. 


*'*  'I 


*   1 


My  opinion  is  that  Mr.  Cruickshank  was  right  when  ho  de- 
cided th-^t  violent  crosses  on  his  cattle  should  be  avoided.  Wliat 
I  mean  by  that  is  to  take  an  exactly  opposite  type  or  style  of  podi- 
prree,  the  result  of  which  is  not  ordinarily  uniform  mixing.  Mr. 
Cruickshank's  theory  was  that  to  keep  up  the  robustness  of  his 
cattle  and  to  give  them  additional  strength  of  charafiter  an  occa- 
sional cow  of  somewhat  different  breeding  should  be  used  upon 
which  to  cross  one  of  his  own  bulls  with  the  view  of  securing  a 
bull  of  somewhat  different  blood.  If  such  outcross  is  to  be  re- 
sorted to  it  should  not  be  one  of  mere  pedigree,  but  the  animal 
chosen  should  be  sound  and  of  robust  constitution  and  having  sim- 
ilar characteristics  to  the  Cruickshank  cattle  as  developed  by 
their  former  proprietor.  Further,  it  should  be  borne  in  mind  that 
Mr.  Cruickshank's  idea  was  not  to  produce  flne-looking  animals 
when  they  were  matured  at  from  four  to  six  years  of  age,  but  to 
produce  such  animals  as  would  mature  if  necessary  at  from  one  to 
two  and  a  half  years.  I  notice  that  a  good  many  show  animals 
which  are  talked  about  a  great  deal  belong  to  the  former  class, 
and  while  they  are  line  animals  when  at  their  maturity,  they  do 
not  at  all  possess  the  characteristics  that  Mr.  Cruickshank  sought 
in  his  herd. 

We  have  at  the  present  day  altogether  too  many  imitators 
among  breeders  of  cattle.  It  seems  to  be  the  proper  thing  to  pur- 
sue the  principle  that  is  followed  in  a  millinery  shop,  and  every- 
body tries  to  follow  in  the  same  line.  They  do  not  all  succeed, 
but  because  this  color  or  that  or  this  form  or  the  other  is  fashion- 
able nothing  else  wil'  do  on  any  account.  Now  it  is  a  very  easy 
thing  to  follow  fashion  in  pedigree,  but  a  confessedly  difficult 
thing  to  do  what  all  the  great  cattle-breeders  of  the  past  have 
done,  and  produce  not  merely  a  pedigree  but  animals  having 
special  characteristics  and  the  power  to  give  these  to  their  de- 
scendants. 

Mr.  Cruiclishank  never  followed  fashion  either  in  pedigree  or 
upon  any  other  point,  but  had  his  own  sound  common  sense  to 
guide  him.  He  knew  what  he  wanted  and  he  knew  it  when  he 
saw  it,  the  result  being  that  when  he  found  among  his  own  calves 
the  bull  Champion  of  England  he  said  to  himself,  without  con- 
sulting anyone  else,  "That  is  what  I  am  seeking  for,  and  I  shall 
at  once  be  bold  enough  to  use  him."  We  all  know  the  result.  If 
his  brother,  who  was  always  inclined  to  follow  fashion,  had  been 
consulted  Champion  of  England  would  never  have  beei  used, 
and  Mr.  E.  Cruickshank  has  often  told  me  that  if  Amos  had  fol- 
lowed his  own  judgment  on  previous  occasions  he  would  have 


THE   LAMP   OF   EXPERIENCE.  847 

uriirerii;  ii:^  r;::  't.  ^^^^^  --^^  ^^^^^y  ^-^ 

of  Bates  and  Booth.  Thev  fol  o  vpH  J  ^^™« 'hi«»C  may  be  said 
li.Hl  that  all  the  world  derid  it  *'^"'''°^"  Judprment  until  we 
was  n.ht  and  the/^rritlroTSr        '''''  ^"^^^^ 

I  have  often  Sred  t„  thi,  r."^'  Judgments  of  thoir  own. 

'.Hvesu.,ested  ttt  -two  M  brlTt  bt  '""^  ''^^^^^  '^"^ 
^'cmeraliyif  our  brood <  r«h^  t>oaprroat  blessiup  for  our  country 

own,  wit'i^lZtc'learof  whaTZ  '^'^"'"J^  -'evictions  of  their 
worked  along  thaUine  ^^ey  wanted  to  accomplish,  and 

These  little  points  as  to  th.  I.  ^°".  iT^  ^^^^"^  "'  '^'^  "^^^er. 
of  the  skin  are  reaUv  ot  no  .nn  ''  "'  *^"  ^"'"  ^"^  ^*^«  ^^^^''^  '^"lor 
ful  qualities  of  the  an^Lu  Z"''uT:  "'^"^ ''  '^"^^^  *«  ^^e  use- 
they  give  added  val«rtTanani;:i\';f,lr  *'"?  **"'^^^  '^"^ 

bo  thrown  away  Simply  becaur^i'tn'^^raSieloT'  ""1 
back,  or  otherwise.  '^®  ^'"^  ""cbi 

As  to  the  present  situation  in  England   in 
re  erence  to  the  Scotch  cross,  the  following  let" 

and  most  conservative  students  of  Short-horn 
breeding  Mr.  William  Housman  of  P  ospect 
House,  Distington,  Cumberland,  sounds  a  note 
that  IS  worth  heeding : 

varS:rce'rop£i::  Zn^z  t::  r  "•^^''  ^^^  ^^^^  --^  ^* 

myself  the  term  ''CruLkshankbood  '''°''  ^""*^'"-  '  '^^^'^ 
narrow  and  too  shallow  np^-tw^.L^  commonly  used,  is  too 
the  useful  Sc:tch:"^rrm7u^J^^^^^^  '^-P^- 

deep  enough  to  include  old  S^oIm;  !?  5'"^'''°  ^o^rces  nor  going 
extinct,  yet  stiU  in  Ir  ^,  ^^""^  '^^'"^^^^  ^'"'^"^  ^^^rds  long 

shank  i;Sirregardirasa^^eT;"'''  ^^"''^''^^-    ^et  Cruick^ 

For  all  that  I  d 'nofca'e  for  "h.^r"  •'  ^^r"*^"™  ^^^*'^^- 
^ro.    .^  Booms,.-  you  in  C^Sc^U  rdTralronXir 


848 


A    HISTORY   OF   SHOKT-MOUN    CATTLE. 


II 


ly 


I 


mm 


this  blood,  another  day  about  that.  Thore  Is  a  bad  want  of 
sobriety  and  stability  of  judf?meut  in  it  all,  to  my  poor  way  of 
thinking.  Looking  at  the  matter  in  that  aspect  I  have  not  a 
strong  desire  to  go  much  or  often  into  the  question  of  the  merits 
of  this  or  the  other  cross  the  foshion  of  the  day.  However  good 
Booth,  Bates,  Cruickshank  or  any  other  "  blood  "  may  be,  there 
are  plenty  of  persons  out  of  breath  in  their  haste  to  make  a  mess 
of  their  breeding  through  the  indiscriminate  use  of  it,  and  so  to 
discredit  what  one  might  fairly  say  in  its  favor. 

A  little  steadiness  is  the  best  I  have  at  the  moment  to  suggest 
as  to  the  course  for  the  future ;  but  it  must  be  coupled  with  recog- 
nition of  merit,  which  I  believe  to  be  plentiful,  outside  the  cover 
of  the  very  biggest  names. 

You  will  see  that  at  our  shows  the  Scotch  and  Scotch-cross  Short- 
horns are  well  to  the  front.  This  is  a  hard  fact  to  answer.  Still 
it  affords  no  good  reason  for  crossing  everything  with  Scotch 
bulls,  flooding  the  herds  with  that  which  may  be  eminently  suit- 
able in  one  case  and  as  thoroughly  unsuitable  in  another. 

William  Duthie  of  Collynie,  dearly  recognizes 
the  desirability  of  finding  a  suitable  outcross 
for  the  Sittyton  tribes,  and  has  recently  pur- 
chased in  England  several  very  grand  cows  of 
mixed  breeding,  which  he  proposes  to  mate 
with  Cruickshank-bred  sires  with  a  view  toward 
introducing  in  a  diluted  form  a  dash  of  fresh 
blood  in  the  hope    that    something  may  be 
gained  i^i  the  way  of  size  and  style.    Among 
these  cows  we  may  mention  Cowslip  26th,  bred 
by  Lord  Brougham  and  Vaux,  a  magnificent 
cow  of  wonderful  scale,  symmetry  and  finish, 
winner  of  many  prizes  in  England  ;  Primrose 
4th,  bred  by  Mr.  Scott  of  Softlaw,  Kelso,  winner 
of  first  prize  at  Edinburgh,  and  of  same  breed- 
ing as  the  great  show  cow  Softlaw  Rose;  and 
Lady  Meredith,  carrying  the  blood  of  the  great 


i:- 


BAPTON   PEARL. 

/>V.-</  Sy  ./.  /),.„;„,  If ///is. 


CICELY. 

S/,on>n  hy  Wr  Majesty  t/,e  ^„ee„. 


Pi<UE.Wx.m.C  H.,P.„,,  „  ,H,  E.GUSH  R„v..  or  ,«,,. 


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THE    LAMP   OF    EXI'EKIENCE. 


849 


bull  Rosario  on  top  of  a  daughter  of  the  world's 
highest-priced  hull,  Duke  of  Connaught.  Tlio 
latter  has  the  character  and  "grand  air"  of  the 
Duchesses,  accompanied  hy  ample  scale  and 
flesh.  These  cows  are  large  and  stylish  with 
good  heads,  necks  and  hacks.  Moreover  they 
are  heavy  milkers,  and  as  they  have  heen  mated 
with  such  hulls  as  Scottish  Archer  and  Lord  of 
Fame  the  result  of  the  cross  is  awaited  with 
much  interest.'*' 

It  is  a  peculiar  fact  that  while  inhreeding 
l)rought  several  of  the  greatest  herds  in  Short- 
horn history  to  their  highest  perfection  it 
proved  difficult  to  hold  them  at  the  level  at- 
tained by  the  first  appeal  to  that  magic  influ- 

•Mr.  Duthle  waa  UhI  to  undertake  this  experiment  largely  by  the  ap- 
pearance of  the  beautiful  roan  heifer  Sea  Gem  (bred  by  Mr.  Buncombe) 
champion  female  of  the  Royal  of  1897  at  Manchester;  that  was  sired  by 
Liberator  («42(iO)  (bred  at  CoUynle  and  sold  in  dam  to  Mr.  Willis)  out  of  Sea 
Pearl,  tracing  in  the  maternal  line  to  Fenella  by  Mr,  Bates'  3d  Duke  of 
Northumberland  (mi).  Sea  Gem  was  sold  at  auction  at  above  400  guineas 
Further  evidence  of  the  intent  of  Mr.  Crulckshank's  broad-minded  suc- 
cessor to  leave  nothing  undone  looking  toward  the  perpetuation  of  the 
merit  of  the  Slttyton  tribes  Is  to  be  found  in  the  fact  that  he  has  also  tried 
recently  the  handsome  young  bull  Captain  Inglewood,  a  son  of  the  Sltty  ton- 
bretl  Captain  of  the  Guard,  out  of  one  of  the  famous  Inglewood  cows  bred 
by  the  late  Robert  Thompson  of  Penrith,  whose  successes  at  the  English 
Royal  a  number  of  years  ago  were  among  the  greatest  triumphs  of  the  lat- 
ter-day history  of  the  breed  in  Britain. 

Among  the  stock  bulls  used  in  recent  years  at  Collynie,  in  addition  to 
those  already  mentioned,  have  been  the  following:  Pride  of  Morning 
(154540,  a  champion  show  bull,  got  by  Star  of  Morning  (68189),  belonging  to 
the  Slttyton  Clipper  tribe;  Count  Arthur  (70194),  a  white  bull,  bred  by  Deane 
Willis  from  Count  Lavender  ((J054o)  out  of  Victoria  65th  by  Gondolier-  Non- 
pareil Victor  (71071),  also  bred  by  Mr.  Willis,  sired  by  the  champion  bull 
Count  Victor  (66877)-that  was  sold  to  South  America  at  600  guineas-out  of 
Nonpareil  Bloom  by  Commodore  (64118),  and  Spicy  Monarch,  bred  at  Upper- 
mill  from  Spicy  Robin  (69638).  out  of  Alexandrina  20th  (own  Bister  to 
Messrs.  Bobbins'  Gay  Monarch)  by  William  of  Orange. 


Iff 


850         A   HISTORY    OP   SHORT-HOHN   C;.TTLE. 

ence.  Fortunately  for  the  breed  the  loss  of 
merit  in  such  cases  has  not  been  rapid.  In  the 
liands  of  skillful  men  the  inbred  tribes  con- 
tinued to  produce  animals  of  extraordinary 
value  at  frequent  intervals.  It  is  true,  never- 
theless, that  the  zenith  of  Bates,  Booth,  Renick 
and  C'ruickshank  success  was  attained  in  each 
case  before  the  men  who  created  the  types 
bearing  those  names  laid  down  their  work. 
Their  follow^ers  to  this  day  are  sini3ly  strug- 
gling with  the  problem  of  how  to  sustain  or  re- 
store an  inbred  type  after  it  has  once  been  in 
full  flower.  All  experience  indicates  that  this 
is  a  most  perplexing  problem.  Happily,  how- 
ever, the  great  groups  of  families  named  re- 
mained an  honor  to  their  creators  for  so  many 
years  that  they  contributed  largely  to  the  gen- 
eral welfare.  Strongly-bred  sires  are  rsually 
impressive;  but  wdien  they  impress  inferiority 
rather  than  actual  merit,  their  prepotency  be- 
comes the  strongest  of  all  arguments  against 
their  continued  use. 

Incestuous  breeding  should  never  be  at- 
tempted by  a  novice,  and  any  concentration  of 
blood  is  of  doubtful  efficacy  unless  pronounced 
vigor  and  constitution  are  possessed  by  the  ani- 
mals to  be  subjected  to  it. 

As  commonly  understood  by  cattle-breeders, 
in-and-in  breeding  is  the  term  applied  to  the 
mating  of  sires  of  certain  tribes  with  females 


THE   LAMP   OF    EXPERIEXCE. 


S51 


Of  the  same  tribes.    The  use  of  a  contmuecl 
succession  of  sires  of  one  tribe,  or  group  of  kin- 
dred trxbes,  upon   females  of  other  maternal 
origin  IS  usually  described  as  "line  breed  in  o- " 
Ihis  latter  method  of  procedure  gives  rise  "to 
stock  characterized    as    Bates-topped,   Booth- 
topped,  Cruickshank-topped,   etc.     Only  such 
cattle  as  descend  in  the  maternal  line  from 
cows  bred  at  Kirklevington,  Killerby,  Warlaby 
or  bittyton  are  referred  to  as  belonging  respec- 
tively to  the  Bates,  Booth  or  Cruickshank  tribes 
tattle  that  trace  to  such  cows  through  sires 
cariTing  no   admixture  of    blood  from  other 
herds  are  described  as  "pure"  Bates,  "pure" 
Booth  or  "pure''  CruickshauK,  as  the  case  may 
be,  but  few  to  which  such  appellation  correctly 
applies  are  now  living. 

Herd-book  registration.-In  America  regis- 
tration IS  limited  to  animals  descended   all 
around  from  stock  already  of  record     This  ren- 
ders it  impossible  to  originate  new  families  on 
this  side  of  the  Atlantic  no  matter  how  long 
the  use  of  registered  sires  may  be  pursued.     In 
^reat  Britain  the  editing  committee  of  Coates' 
Herd  Book  has  authority  to  admit  animals  hav- 
ing in  the  case  of  bulls  five  crosses  of  registered 
sires,  and  in  the  case  of  cows  four  crosses  of 
same.    Care  is  of  course  taken  before  admit- 
ting stock  under  this  latter  rule  to  see  that  the 
toundation  cows  were  of  good  general  Sliort- 


I 


r 


!i 


M 


;-    ! 


I;' 


852 


A  HISTORY  OF  SHORT-HORN  CATTLE. 


horn  type.  On  account  of  the  existence  of  this 
English  rule  the  American  association  requires 
that  English-bred  cattle  to  be  eligible  for  reg- 
istry must  trace  in  all  their  crosses  to  animals 
recorded,  or  elijdble  to  record,  in  the  first 
twenty  volumes  of  Coates'  Herd  Book.  The 
twentieth  volume  of  that  record  was  issued  in 
1873. 

While  it  is  the  well-settled  policy  of  the 
American    management    to    oppose    any    re- 
laxation of  the  herd-book  rules,  the  fact  re- 
mains that  some  of  the  most  valuable  Short- 
horns of  the  day  in  Great  Britain  are  to  be 
found  among  those  that  have  been  bred  into 
Coates'  Herd  Book  since  1873  under  the  four 
and  five-cross  rule.    This  is  particularly  true 
of  that  large  and  valuable  contingent  in  the 
English  herds  possessing  rare  merit  for  dairy 
purposes.    It  is  conceded  that  there  are  grave 
objections  to  opening  the  door  in  America  to 
the   creation   of  new  families,  and  yet  it  is 
possible   that  the  time  will  come  when  long- 
continued  confinement  within  the   limits  of 
stock    descended    from  ancestors    already   of 
record  in  the  American  Herd  Book,  and  in  the 
first  twenty  volumes  of  the  English  may  ren- 
der it  increasingly  difficult  to  carry  on   the 
work  of  improving  the  breed;  especially  when 
choice  of  sires  is  still  further  narrowed  by 
the  dictates  of  fashion  in  blood  lines  and  color. 


THE   LAMP   OF    EXPERIENCE.  853 

The  elder  Booth  always  maintained  that  three 
or  four  crosses  of  the  Killerby  bulls  on  top  of 
good  market  cows  of  the  Teeswater  type  gave 
him  animals  which  were,  to  all  intents  and  pur- 
poses, purely-bred  Short-horns,  that  could  be 
relied  upon  to  reproduce  their  own  excellen- 
cies.    The  breed  has  certainly  held  its  own  in 
Its  native  land  with  remarkable  success  and 
persistency  under  a  plan  which  admits  of  the 
gradual  infusion  of  the  blood  of  new  families. 
It  would  seem,  therefore,  that  the  system  under 
which  Coates' Herd  Book  is  conducted  has  been 
proved  a  success  on  the  other  side  of  the  water 
I  he  time  may  not  yet  be  ripe  for  the  intro- 
duction of  a  similar  method  of  registration  in 
this  country,  but  food  for  reflection  is  certainly 
found  in  the  fact  that  a  large  percentage  of 
our  best  cattle  are  seen  among  the  compara- 
tively short-pedigreed  tribes,   and  conversely 
there   is   oftentimes  a  noticeable  absence  of 
merit  in  animals  representing  families  boast- 
ing an  unbroken  line  of  herd   book  descent 
extending  back  of  the  year  1800.     All  must 
admit  the  desirability  of  a  uniform  standard 
on  both  sides  the  Atlantic,  and  it  is  to  be  hoped 
that  some  way  of  bringing  the  American  and 
J^nglish  rules  to  a  common  basis  may  be  found 
in  the  near  future. 

Color.-Dame  Fashion  has  much  to  answe- 
for  m  connection  with  Short-horn  breeding  in 


854 


A    HISTORY    OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


; 


!  S       I 
If       ■ 


[!-«iiSt. , 


America.  Not  only  has  the  fickle  jade  de- 
miiiuled  tlie  degradation  of  whole  families  of 
good,  well-bred  cattle  on  insufficient  charges 
affecting  their  pedigrees,  but  in  the  Western 
States  went  so  far  as  to  dictate  that  red  bulls 
only  should  be  used  as  sires.  This  latter  prop- 
osition really  had  its  origin  on  the  Western 
range.  Solid-colored  bulls  were  preferred  by 
the  ranchmen,  and  those  who  were  breeding 
for  that  trade  naturally  catered  to  the  wants 
of  their  customers.  This,  in  turn,  affected  the 
choice  of  sires  in  herds  that  supplied  stock 
bulls  to  those  who  had  a  general  farm  and 
range  clientage.  In  vain  did  leading  breeders 
point  out  that  this  was  a  grave  mistake,  nar- 
rowing still  further  a  field  of  selection  which 
had  already  been  curtailed  by  the  operation  of 
fashion's  laws  in  the  matter  of  pedigree.  In 
vain  was  it  pointed  out  that  in  Great  Britain,  the 
h(>;ne  of  the  breed,  the  roan  was  the  prevailing 
popular  color  and  that  even  white  bulls  were  oc- 
casionally used  in  the  most  famous  herds.  The 
l)uyers  of  bulls  for  steer-getting  purposes  were 
inexorable.  A  solid  red,  and  worst  of  all  (in 
many  cases)  very  dark  red  bulls,  of  the  most 
ordinary  character,  were  freely  bought  in  pref- 
erence to  thicker,  better,  mellower  roans,  yel- 
low-reds or  reds  with  white  markings.  So  gen- 
eral was  this  demand  at  one  time  that  it  seemed 
fairly  suicidal  for  the  owners  of  pedigreed  herds 


THE   LAMP   OF   EXPERIENCE. 


855 


to  use  any  other  than  red  bulls.  The  pursuit 
of  this  policy  led  to  the  sacrifice  of  many  useful 
Rattle.  There  were  not  enough  good  reds  of  the 
fashionable  tribes  to  go  around,  so  that  the  in- 
evitable result  was  the  use  of  many  an  indiffer- 
ent sire  for  no  better  reason  than  the  posses- 
sion of  a  coat  of  hair  and  a  pedigree  certificate 
that  tickled  the  popular  fancy— the  prime  es- 
sentials of  constitution  and  thrift  often  being 
Ignored  in  the  mad  race  to  obey  the  behests  of 
the  fashion  of  the  hour. 

The  more  substantial  element,  however,  op- 
posed unceasingly  this  debasement  of  the  breed 
and  stood  out  manfully  for  more  rational  meth- 
ods, and  in  the  course  of  time  the  red  color 
craze  began  to  abate.  Good  roans  can  again  be 
disposed  of  at  satisfactory  prices.  The  general 
preference  is  still  for  red  bulls,  but  sensible 
men  do  not  carry  their  opposition  to  the  lighter 
colors  to  the  extreme  noted  some  years  ago 
Indeed,  both  in  the  matter  of  color  and  fash- 
ionable breeding  there  is  a  marked  change 


in 


the  direction  of  reason  and  common  sense  to 
be  noted  at  Uiis  time;  and  in  this  fact  there  is 
hope  for  the  futuie. 

Handling  quality.— It  is  generallv  conceded 
that  feeding  capacity  is  to  a  considerable  ex- 
tent indicated  by  the  hide  and  hair.  A  soft 
silky  coat,  assuming  in  winter  a  thick,  furry 
character,  is  always  to  be  preferred  to  hair  that 


m 

hii 

m 


856 


A    HISTORY   OB^    SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


1;    3    (    ; 


n 


is  thin,  coarse,  wiiy  or  harsh.  The  skin  should 
be  of  good  thickness,  not  thin  or  "papery,"  as 
that  indicates  delicacy  of  constitution.  It 
should  be  pliable  to  the  touch,  covering  a  mel- 
low cushion  of  evenly-distributed  flesh.  Hard- 
handling  cattle  of  inferior  fleshing  capacity  are 
found  more  frequently  among  the  dark-red 
Short-horns  than  among  those  of  other  colors. 
The  roans  and  such  reds  as  have  yellow  skins 
are  usually  animals  of  better  quality. 

Constitution,  character  and  conformation. — 
Vigor  must  ever  be  a  paramount  consideration. 
Without  sound  constitution  there  is  no  hope  of 
thrift  or  fertility.  A  pre-disposition  to  disease 
is  a  fault  fatal  to  all  success  or  profit.  Exces- 
sive inbreeding  and  "pampering"  for  show  are 
among  the  prime  causes  of  physical  deteriora- 
tion; leading  to  impaired  vitality  and  fatty  de- 
generation. 

The  bull  should  be  of  positive  masculine 
type,  with  a  strong  head  and  horn.  At  matur- 
ity he  should  be  possessed  of  what  is  commonly 
called  "character";  a  term  which  may  be  briefly 
defined  as  meaning  "individualit}^"  Weak 
heads  and  countenances,  of  the  negative  sort 
usually  seen  in  steers,  do  not  indicate  in  the 
bull  prepotency  or  the  power  to  impress  his 
own  likeness  with  uniformity  upon  his  prog- 
eny. The  neck  should  be  thick  and  not  too 
long.    The  shoulders  may  be  wide  and  well  de- 


THE   LAMP   OF    EXPERIENCE. 


S57 


veloped,  but  should  not  l)e  too  upright;  neither 
should  they  be  too  open  at  the  "crops"— the 
junction  of  the  blades  at  the  top.    The  ''chine" 
—which  includes  the  "crops"  and  the  joining 
of  the  fore-ribs— should  be  broad,  round  and 
full.     The  back  and  loin  should  be  wide  and 
well-furnished  with  flesh.    The  ribs  ought  to 
be  round  and  deep.    A  contracted  heart-girth 
is  decidedly  objectionable.     The  hips  of  the 
bull  ought  not  to  be  so  conspicuous  as  in  the 
cow.    As  strong  shoulder  development  is  to  be 
expected  in  the  male,  so  in  the  female  the  hips 
("hooks")  will  naturally  find  greater  promi- 
nence in  order  to  provide  the  pelvic  capacity 
required  by  the  demands  of  the  functions  of 
maternity.    The  quarters  should  be  long  and 
level;  the  "twist"  — space  between  the  thighs 
—well  filled,  and  the  flanks  and  thighs  carried 
low.''-* 

The  Short-horns  of  the  olden  time  were  dis- 
tinguished for  their  "table"  backs  and  great 
scale,  but  were  often  rather  high  from  the 
ground.  The  market  demand  for  "  baby  beef  " 
has  induced  latter-day  breeders  to  seek  a 
shorter-legged,  more  compactly  fashioned, 
blockier  type,  such  as  feed  to  heavy  weights 
atjin  early  age  ;   but  it  is  to  be  hoped  that  in 

•T1U8  description  of  course  applies  rather  to  the  beef  form  than  to  the 
dairy  type  Where  deep-milking  capacity  is  desired  the  f  mi^'  St  -•  anS 
flanks  will  scarcely  be  present.  The  space  which  in  the  beef  cowls  here 
occupied  by  flesh  will  in  that  case  be  required  for  udder  developnTent 


i 


I 


858        A    HISTORY   OF   SHOKT-IIOliN   CATTLE. 


I  I 


'!•'* 

*' 


pursuing  this  object  scale  will  not  be  unduly 
neglected. 

The  COW  should  be  as  distinctly  feminine 
about  the  head  and  neck  as  the  bull   is  the 
reverse.    She  should  have  what  is  often  called 
a  "breedy"   look,    as    distinguished    from    a 
"steery"    countenance.      Refinement    rather 
than  coarseness  almost  invariably  character- 
izes the  head   of  a  successful   breeding  cow. 
This  is  what  the  Scotch   herdsmen   have  in 
mind  when  they  speak  of  "  a  Iffdfj  coo."    Width 
between  the  eyes  is  indicative  of  good  feeding 
quality  in  both  sexes.    Long,  narrow  heads  are 
objectionable.     The  incurving  or  dished  face 
may  be  permissible  in  the  female,  but  it  is 
never  suggestive  of  virility,  and  is  not  t     be 
sought  in  the  bull.    Roman  noses  are  seldom 
seen  and  are  not  in  favor,  although  they  are 
almost    invariably    accompanied    by    unusual 
vigor  of  con?;titution.     The  bull's  face  should 
be  of  good  width  from  the  eyes  to  the  nostrils. 
A  fine  muzzle  is  a  sign  of  delicacy,     '^hort-horn 
noses   are   usually   light    and   clear  in  coloi-, 
although  occasionally  black  or  clouded.     The 
latter,  although  not  evidence  of  impure  breed- 
ing, are  avoided  as  much  as  possible  by  careful 
breeders.     Such  a  minor  point,  howevBr,  as  a 
clouded  nose  will  not  deter  a  man  of  good 
judgment  from  using  an  animal  that  is  ex- 
ceptionally desirable  in  vital  particulars. 


B 


H?;iI.ER   CAT.r.-  SHOWN   «v 


w.  r.  mi].,.t.:r  .^  sons,  o,.-  ,no,an; 


BRLED   TYPES   AS  SHOWN   BY   PHOTOGRAPHY. 


l'i< 


hi 


THE   LAMP   OF   EXPERIENCE. 


809 


A  generoiiH  middle  signifies  ji  good  "doer." 
Excessive  paunchiness  is  a  fault  to  he  avoided, 
but  the  highest  results,  either  in  the  feed-lot  or 
in  the  dairy,  are  only  possible  where  ample  di- 
gestive power  is  in  evidence. 

Primary  points  in  management.— -  The 
nearer  Short-horns  can  be  maintained  under 
natural  conditions  the  better.  Plenty  of  good 
gi-ass  for  the  working  members  of  the  herd  and 
an  abundant  supply  of  milk  for  the  calves  are 
prime  requisites.  Pastures  should  never  be 
'* overworked"  or  grazed  too  closely  in  midsum- 
mer. No  one  should  undertake  to  keep  more 
cattle  than  can  be  carried  with  justice  to  the 
available  pasture  lands.  The  blue  grass,  which 
is  the  mainstay  of  the  cattle  business  in  the 
United  States,  makes  little  if  any  growth 
through  the  hot  summer  months.  It  will  often 
be  found  wise  practice  to  provide  a  supply  of 
succulent  food  for  the  herd  duiing  this  period. 
Fodder  corn  sown  for  this  purpose  will  be 
found  a  profitable  crop  in  this  connection. 

During  the  winter  reasonable  shelter  should 
always  be  provided.  Cattle  can  stand  a  low 
degree  of  temperature  when  the  weather  is 
clear  and  bright;  but  cold,  wet  storms  subject 
their  constitutions  to  a  test  which  careful 
breeders  will  endeavor  to  avoid.  Throughout 
the  Western  States  it  is  common  pmctice  to 
stable  the  herds  at  nights  during  the  coldest 


800 


A    HISTORY   OF   HIlOliT-HOKN   CATTLE. 


weather,  but  \t  is  almost  unanimously  agreed 
that  "housing"  during  the  day  is  positively  in- 
jurious, except  in  the  <'aso  of  young  calves  or 
animals  very  thin  in  tlosh.  Exorcise  and  fresh 
air  are  absolutely  necessary  for  the  health  of 
breeding  stock.  ( 'lose  confinement  in  poorly- 
ventilated  stables  is  oven  worse  than  exposure 
to  the  elements.  Some  breeders  permit  their 
stock  bulls  to  run  with  the  herd,  but  this  is  not 
the  usual  practice.  The  better  plan  is  to  pro- 
vide a  good  box  for  the  bull,  opening  into  as 
large  a  i)addock  as  can  be  spared  for  this  i)ur- 
pose.  A  grassy  lot,  several  acres  in  area,  with 
shade  and  water  trough,  ought  to  be  arranged 
for  the  bull's  comfort  in  connection  with  his 
stall. 

Over  considerable  ureas  in  the  Central  West 
cattle  can  find  the  bulk  of  their  feed  in  blue- 
grass  pastures  up  to  Jan.  1,  but  the  young 
stock  will  require  more  or  less  grain  in  order 
to  insure  their  proper  development.  Short- 
horn heifers  that  have  been  carried  to  matur- 
ity upon  a  judicious  ration  will  not  require 
much  grain  to  maintain  their  condition  as 
cows,  except  perhaps  in  the  case  of  those  milk- 
ing heavil}^  The  young  bulls  after  weaning 
must  be  kept  by  themselves  and  receive  spe- 
cial care.  It  is  more  difficult  to  condition 
a  young  bull  than  a  heifer,  and  a  lib- 
eral ration  of  grain   is  required   for  the  first 


LAMP  OF  KXI'RHIENCE. 


861 


twelve  ■m.ntli.s  »tter  he  I,as  bee.,  deprived  of 
s  mothers  ,„illc.     i„   the   conditionbg  o 
tun   cows  an,l  young  stock  to,,  much  con 
should  not  he  use,l.    ()ro„n,l  oats,  h,un  a  little 
'•■1-cake.   roots,  «lu-eddod  fodder,  got^^   J  ",1 
Lay  or  even  clean,  bright  straw  m.ay  all  ife  re 
ored  to  with  prolit,  and  a  n.ixture  of  the'e 
feeds  ,s  always  preferable  to  an  exclusive  ue 
o    any  one  of  them.     Feeding,  however^  an 

H  n  /'"ir'"'.'"  *»"g''tf"'m  books.  Ara- 
^on  that  will  smt  one  case  will  fail  i„  another 
Not  only  the  kinds  but  the  amounts  to  be 
•f  clrefr  T'J  •'« -"■^f''''*--''^  'letermined  1^ 

wmk      Bo  1   T      ""  "  ^'^"""'^  '•'^'^  f""-  the 
woiK.     Uoth  the  owner   and    the  herdsman 

should  find  a  keen  delight  in  the  company  o 

their  cattle,  and  if  on  te.-ms  of  intimacv  witj 

favorite  animals  so  much  the  bet  er.  "^  S 

y™  H  ,1'''°"''^  at  all  times  be  enforced 
Yom ig  bulls  are  frequently  rendered  vicious 
by  injudicious  punishment.  AH  bulls  over 
twelvemonths  old  should  have  rings  inserted 
.n  their  noses  so  that  they  may  bf  rafagel 
«.th  safety.    An  uniuly  bull  should  never  be 

e    ell'encithTtt-""'""  "'  '"'''  '^"*^t»ding 
excellence  that  his  services  seem  fairly  indis 

pensable,  and  if  proved  positively  dangerJus" 


m 


862 


A    HISTORY   OF   SHOUT-HORN   CATTLE. 


*    k 


should  go  the  shambles  at  any  cost.  Human 
life  is  more  sacred  than  the  welfa]'e  of  any 
herd. 

Well-trained,  reliable  herdsmen  are  almost 
beyond  price  when  the  owner  cannot  give  the 
cattle  his  own  personal  attention,  and  even  in 
that  case  the  services  of  a  competent  helper 
will  be  required.    Experienced  herdsmen  are 
perhaps  more  numerous  in  Great  Britain  than 
in  the  United  States,  and  many  of  Scotch  and 
English  birth  have  been  prominently  identified 
with  the  business  in  America.     Unfortunately 
Culshaws  and  Cuddys  are  rare  even  in  the  old 
country.    Men  who  consecrate  their  lives  to 
a  mastery  of  the  thousand  details  of  successful 
cattle  management,  men  who  anticipate  every 
want  of  the  animals  in  their  care,  men  who 
know  that  unremitting  attention  means  "good 
luck,"  and  neglect  brings  the  reverse,  are  en- 
titled to  the  highest  consideration  and  encour- 
agement of  all  who  have  the  interests  of  live- 
stock improvement  at  heart.     Short-horn  his- 
tory abounds  in  instances  of  rare  devotion, 
singleness  of  purpose  and  conscientious  dis- 
charge of  duty  on  the  part  of  those  who  have 
been  responsible  for  the  welfare  of  different 
herds.    On  the  other  hand  there  is  a  consider- 
able element  in  the  fraternity  of  herdsmen 
that  dcbs  not  seem  to  realize  the  dignity  of 
this  form  of  service.    It  is  not  only  an  honor- 


St 

le 

31- 

fe 
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id 
)d 

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d 

ll 

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o 
d 
1- 

r- 

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5- 

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e 
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n 
if 


m 


m 


f 


•<. 


"^ 


>3 


*  If 

0  -s 


THE   LAMP   OP   EXPERIENCE.  863 

able  but  a  useful  profession,  in  which  fidelity 
and  skill  will  usually  bring  their  own  reward 
Does  showing  pay  ?-There  is  a  wide  differ- 
ence of  opinion  among  cattle-breeders  on  this 
question,  but  it  resolves  itself  finally  into  the 
simple  proposition  of  advertising.     The  light 
that  IS  hid  under  the  half-bushel  is  never  seen 
trom  a  distance.    One  is  never  certain  that  his 
eftorts  at  producing  good  cattle  will  be  appre- 
ciated in  his  own  immediate  neighborhood     A 
market  for  surplus  stock  is  a  necessity,  'and 
those  who  would  seek  the  best  class  of  trade 
must  reach  out  for  it.      It  will  certainly  not 
come  to  them  unsolicited.    Judicious  advertis- 
ing lies  at  the  very  foundation  of  all  business 
success,  and  he  who  ignores  this  fact  will  have 
no  one  to  blame  but  himself  if  he  fails  to 
hnd  a  satisfactory  market  for  his  wares.    No 
amount  of  advertising  will  bring  success  unless 

Criven,  therefore,  a  herd  of  cattle  of  really  de- 
sirable character  and  quality,  some  form  of  ad- 
vertising must  be  resorted  to  if  the  owner  pro- 
poses to  do  justice  to  his  own  investment 
The  show-yard  and  the  public  press  are  the 

^Ihl!r"V''''^""'  ^^  communication  with  the 
public.  Some  have  accomplished  their  obiect 
by  the  use  of  one  of  these  methods  and  some 
by  the  other.  Public  attention  may  be  ac- 
quired more  promptly  by  an  appeal  to  both 


864 


A    HISTORY   OF   SHORT-HORN   CATTLE. 


'!  3!" 


iinci  this  is  the  plan  pursued  by  the  more  enter- 
prising element.    There  is  no  clen\  mg  the  fact 
that  many  a  grand  Short-horn  has  been  rained 
for  breeding  purposes  by  long-continued  train- 
ing for  show.    Under  the  system  of  judging 
that  has  been  prevalent  on  botli  sides  of  the 
water  for  half  a  century  it  has  been  idle  to 
exhibit  cattle  that  were  not  heavily  fed.    Cat- 
tle of  delicate  constitution  quickly  succumb  to 
this  pressure  and  even  the  most  rugged  types 
gradually  give  way  under  it.     Injury  from  ex- 
cessive feeding  is  greatest  in  the  case  of  ma- 
tured animals,  and  on  this  account  the  mana- 
gers of  our  modern  shows  have  modified  their 
requirements  in  the  case  of  herds  in  such  way 
as  to  render  it  unnecessaiy  to  fit  so  many  aged 
cows  as   were   formerly  necessary.      What  is 
known  as  the  graded   or  "step-ladder"  herd 
simply  calls  fqr  a  bull  two  years  old  or  over, 
one  cow  three  years  old  or  over,  one  two-year- 
old  heifer,  one  yeaning  heifer  and  one  heifer 
calf.     This  is  a  change  of  distinct  advantage  to 
the  breeder. 

So  long  as  there  are  honors  and  fame  to  be 
gained  by  these  public  contests  there  will  be 
found  men  to  fit  and  show  their  stock.  Men 
will  "seek  the  bubble  reputation  even  at  the 
cannon's  mouth."  Cattle-breeders  will  not  be 
deterred  from  engaging  in  the  great  show-yard 
battles  by  the  mere  possibility  of  injury  or  loss 


mmi^ 


THE    LAMP   OF   EXPERIENCE. 


865 


to  a  certain  proportion  of  the  animals  fitted 
As  a  general  proposition  feeding  for  show  is 
not  only  an  expensive  undertaking  so  far  as 
the    immediate    outlay   is    concerned,  but   is 
clearly  detrimental  to  the  best  interests  of  the 
animals  pressed  into  such  service.    At  the  same 
time  It  seems  essential,  as  a  broad  proposition 
that  advantage  be  taken  of  the  shows  to  dem- 
onstrate continuously  the  feeding  capabilities 
ot  the  breed;  but  this  should  ordinarily  be  left 
to  those  who  have  the  means  and  facilities  for 
carrying  on  the  work  fairly  regardless  of  imme- 
diate profit.     We  can  only  say  in  a  general  way 
to  those  who  contemplate  showing  that  we  ad- 
vise the  feeding  and  exhibition  of  young  animals 
ot  one  s  own  breeding.    It  takes  considerable 
capitni  to  engage  successfully  in  the  general 
herd     ^nnpetitions,  but  any  good  breeder  may 
hnd  It  to  his  advantage  to  exhibit  from  time  to 
time  calves  or  yearlings  illustrating  his  own 
work     Young  animals  thus  fitted  are  not  nec- 
essarily injured  for  the  future.     Young  l)ulls 
have  to  be  well   "done"  in  any  event  until 
they  approach  maturity,  and  as  for  the  heifers 
It  they  are  settled  to  a  service  at  from  twenty 
to  twenty-four  months  of  age  and  returned  to 
pasture  after  being  shown,  there  is  no  reason 
why  they  should  fail  to  become  thereafter  reg- 
ular breeders  in  the  herd.     Until  show-yard 
judges  are  content  with  less  fat  it  is  certainly 


<S66 


A  HISTORY  OB^  SHOHT-nOHN  CATTLE. 


I  I 


the  part  of  wisdom  for  the  average  l)reoder  to 
limit  his  showing  to  young  cattle.  This  latter 
practice  we  believe  to  be  a  very  effective  means 
of  bringing  one's  stock  Vo^i-c  tho  attention  of 
buyers. 

Selling  the    surplus.  -The  matter  of  dis- 
posing of  surplus  stock,  touched  upon  in  the 
preceding  paragraphs,  is  one  of  vital  interest. 
The  manner  of  procedure  will  vary  according 
to  the  character  of  different  herds.     Those  who 
have  purchased  high-priced  foundation  stock, 
representing  the  most  fashionable  bloods  and 
show-yard  strains,  will  naturally  make  a  bid 
for  the   business  of  the  leading  professional 
breeders.      Those  who  contemplate   breeding 
from  what  are  called  "top"  cattle  will  find  the 
show-yard,  the  live-stock  press  and    the  art 
pictorial  all  necessary  factors  in  success.     In 
other  words,  those  who  expect  to  supply  high- 
class  bulls  to  head  the  best  contemporary  herds 
must  do  whatever  is  necessary  to  demonstrate 
their  right  to  such  desirable  patronage.     On 
the  other  hand,  those  who  establish  themselves 
with  a  view  toward  supplying  young  bulls  to 
farmers  and  ranchmen— who,  as  a  rule,  cannot 
be  expected  to  pay  large  prices— will  not  need 
to  incur  so  much  expense  in  the  matter  of  :^d- 
vertising.    In  considering  the  question  of  the 
class  of  trade  to  be  cultivated,  breeders  should 
not  overlook  the  fact  that  it  costs  but  little 


THE    LAMP   OF    EXPERIENCE. 


867 


r^nn  .1  ^''^'^  ''  ^^'""'^-^'^^^  worth  from  $300  to 
^500  than  it  ooes  to  mature  one  worth  |100 
We  are  speaking,  of  course,  of  the  mere  ex- 
l^ense  of  feeding  and  handling.  As  a  general 
proposition  therefore,  quality  rather  than 
quantity  should  be  the  aim. 

The  public  sale  system  as  a  means  of  dispos- 
ing of  surplus  stock  has  been  popular  among 
stock-breeders  from  the  earliest  periods.     In 
deed,  it  has  many  advantages   both  for  the 
buyer  and  seller.    It  enables  a  breeder  in  one 
day  to  make  a  complete  clearance  of  his  sur- 
plus for  the  entire  year,  relieving  him  of  the 
burden  of  much  correspondence  necessarilv  en- 
tailed by  a  system  of  private  sales.    It  is  an 
advantage  to  the  buyer  because  he  is  given  the 
choice  of  a  large  number  of  animals  of  different 
ages  and  sexes  at  a  price  representing  the  judg- 
ment  of  his  fellow  breeders  present.    A  fairlv- 
conducted  auction  is  on  this  latter  account  a  safe 
place  for  a  new  beginner  to  make  investments. 
He  has  the  satisfaction  of  knowing  that  he  is 
making  his  purchases  at  prices  which  are  vir- 
tual y  fixed  by  the  breeders  in  attendance.    As 
a  rule  these  auction  sales  of  Short-horns  are 
conducted  in  absolute  good  faith.    By-bidding 
the  protection  of  the  price  of  animals  through 
manipulation  by  the  seller,  has  been  effect- 
ually discountenanced  by  the  adoption  of  a 
high  standard  of  business  morality  and  prin- 


8(iS 


A    HISTORY    OF   SIIORT-IIOUN    CATTLK. 


ciple  in  connection  witli  tlu^  niunji^rement  of 
most  of  tliose  sales.  Anytliing  savonn<<  of 
fraud  in  any  shape,  form  or  manner  receives 
such  speedy  condemnation  tiiat  there  is  no  en- 
couragement for  dishonesty. 

About   animal   portraiture.-The    illustra- 
tions m  this  volume  will  afford  a  fair  idea  of 
the  progress  that  has  been  made  in  this  line 
since  the  days  of  -The  White  Heifer  That  Trav- 
eled."    The  reproductions  used  in  this  work 
are  mainly  from  drawings  made  by  various  ar- 
tists of  reputation  on  both  sides  the  Atlantic. 
Near  the  end  may  be  seen  some  of  the  latest 
work  of  the  camera.     It  will  be  observed  that 
111  the  old-style  pictures  there  is  marked  exag- 
geration in  the  matter  of  over-refinement  of 
the  extremeties,  at  the  same  time  the  pictures 
give,  in  a  general  way,  a  correct  idea  as  to  the 
mam   points  of  difference  in  the  make-up  of 
animals  representing  the  leading  breed  types 
Animal  photography  as  applied  specially  to  the 
beef  breeds  of  cattle  may  be  said  to  be" still  in 
Its  infancy,  but  substantial  progress  in  that  art 
IS  being  made.    From  this  fact  we  are  led  to 
indulge  the  hope  that  we  may  hand  down  to 
tuture  generations    likenesses  of  present-day 
cattle  which  shall  be  more  lifelike  than  our 
delineations  of  the  old-time  celebrities 

Tribal  designation.-This  is  a  problem  that 
puzzles    many  new   beginners  in  Short-horn 


THE    LAMl'   Of    KAWKIilENCK. 


869 


'miie  the  liMo  of  .lescct  rein-eseuteil  l.v  .mv 

exttnde.1   lKH-d-l,„olf  exaniiimtion.     I„   ro.'unl 

to  t  MS  we  can  only  «,,y  ,,|,e,o  i.,  „„  -..i,,,,;  ,7    '-l 

t      h.  tonn   of  ,<„o-,v,e,,,e.     The  al,il,^;"L 

leau     at  a  f-hmoc  any  j^iven  pedi^Te  onlv 

Tlie  (livision  of  Sl.ort-horn.s  into  families  ov 
ti-ibe.s  ,s  in,,ely  arbitrary,  and  wliilo  tl  0  e^is 
■"g  systen,  of  tribal  non.enclatnre  i.s  perh-n  s" 
a«  convenient  a.s  any  tbat  conl,,l   be  I     0 

volume.  It  rs  entirely  misleadinL'  so  far  as  ,;m 
veving  any  ade.jnate  idea  of  the  ^  1    ,lood 

:rr:ed7'""-"''''-  ■•''- ^-"^1/.-- ^' 

.111  deuved  from  some  one  or  more  of  the 
ancestresses  in  the  direct  maternal  lin,      As  le 

^  uicksnanlv  tribes,  onr  American  families  of 
Short-horns  nsnally  bear  the  na.ne  „  tl"e 
".  por  e.  cow  to  whi.^l,  thev  trace  on  tl  e 
«cle  of  he  dam.  Those  who  stndv  t  e  1 
tory  of  Killerby,  Warlaby,  Kirklevi  gt"  ^ 
Sittyton  will  soon  be  able  to  recognize  pe 
grees  running  direct  to  those  celebra,  d  1,'e  ' " 
There  are  some  cattle  in  the  American  He  d 


870        A    HISTORY    OB'   SIIOKT-IIOKN    (JATTLK. 


Book,  \'scende(l  froin  cows  recorded  by  Mr. 
Allen  in  the  early  days,  that  do  not  trace 
in  the  maternal  line  to  any  known  imported 
cow.  Notwithstanding'  the  fact  that  these 
animals  now  present  pedigrees  showing'  a  suc- 
cession of  re<,nstered  sires  entitling,'  them  to 
rank  as  well-hred  Short-horns,  the  partisans  of 
the  more  fashionable  sorts  speak  of  them  as 
tracing  to  the  "  American  woods." 

There  is  only  one  way  of  ascertaining  defi- 
nitely th(^  blood  actually  present  in  any  given 
l)edigre«^  and  that  is  by  a  complete  tabulation 
of  it.  Too  much  attention  is  paid  by  breeders 
generally  to  these  tribal  distinctions.  The 
blood  of  the  original  animals  that  gave  their 
names  to  these  various  families  was  long  ago 
buried  deep  under  subsequent  ci-osses,  and 
while  it  is  of  course  well  to  have  a  pedigree 
soundly  anchored  at  the  base  the  "top"  breed- 
ing is  of  vastly  greater  relative  importance. 

Dignity  of  the  breeder's  calling.  — The 
sculptor  lures  from  the  solid  marble  images  of 
grace,  beauty  or  strength  that  provoke  the 
plaudits  of  the  world.  His  contact  with  his 
work  is  direct.  In  calling  from  stone  the  crea- 
tures of  his  own  conception  the  figures  may  be 
shaped  at  will.  A  Phidias  or  a  Canova  lifts  the 
veil  from  bis  superb  handiwork  and  gains  a 
place  in  the  gallery  of  immortals.  Compared 
with  him  who  has  the  power  to  conceive  an 


THE   LAMP   OF    EXPEKIKNCE. 


871 


ideal  anima!  form  and  call  it  into  life  throuLdi 
a  profound  knowledge  of  Nature's  intricate  and 
hidden  laws,  the  greatest  sculptor  is  a  mere 
mechanic.    There  is  no  higher  form  of  art  than 
that  which  deals  with  the  intelligent  manipula- 
tion of  animal   life;   the  modeling  of  living, 
breathing  creatures  in  accordance  with  the  will 
and  purpose  of  a  guiding  mind.    It  rises  in  its 
boundless  possibilities  to  heights  that  are  fairly 
txGd-like.     It  sounds  the  depths   of  the  pro- 
foundest  mysteries  of  physical  existence,  verg- 
ing on  the  borders  of  the  Intinite  itself     The 
world  of  human  endeavor  presents  no  nobler 
field  of  action,  no  realm  of  thought  demanding 
a  higher  order  of  ability.     And  yet  how  many  of 
those  who  assume  the  responsibility  of  marring 
or  making  these  wondrous  creations  of  flesh 
and    blood    approach    the    work    with    any 
adequate  preparation  or  appreciation  of  the 
real  breadth  and  depth  of  the  propositions  with 
which  they  will  have  to  deal?    It  is  not  a  task 
to  be  lightly  undertaken,  if  one  means  to  deal 
fairly  by  the  helpless  forms  confided  to  his 
cai-e     If  we  could  but  impress  this  thought  in- 
delhbly  upon  the  minds  of  those  who  engage  in 
this  most  fascinating  pursuit  there  would  be 
more  noble  creations  and  fewer  wrecks  along 
the  paths  of  the  stock  breeding  of  the  future 
than  in  the  past.    Failure  to  grasp  the  funda- 
mental  idea  that  the  breeder's  calling  entails 


872 


A    IIISTOFIY    OF   SHOKT-UOKN    CATTLE. 


I  'i 


duties  and  rosponsihilitios  which  no  miin  can 
conscientioiisly  iui,ore  lies  at  tlie  bottom  of 
laiinres  inininierahlc. 

The  future.-Thcdiiwn  of  the  new  century 
presents  a  most  attractive  tick!  for  those  who 
undertake  to  conscientiously  promote  the  best 
interests  of  the  Short-horn  breed.     VVe  have 
seen  that  at  reguhir  intervals  men  possessing 
original  creative  power  have   made  a  world- 
wide  name  and  fame  tor  themselves  in  this  line 
of  work;  but  with  all  due  respect  to  what  these 
^'reat  minds  have  accomplished,  it  is  folly  to 
say  that  all  knowled-e  and  skill  in  connection 
with  Short-horn  breeding  perished  with  them. 
What  has  been  done  in  the  past  can  be  repeated 
in  the  future,  but  the  ti-iumphs  of  the  twentieth 
century  await  not  those  who  are  servile  imita- 
tors, but  the  worthy  ones  who  have  the  neces- 
sary courage  to   undertake  the  development 
along  independent  lines  of  the  tribes  of  Short- 
horns which  shall  engage  the  attention  of  the 
historians  of  the  days  to  come. 


If 


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